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+Metadata-Version: 1.1
+Name: enum34
+Version: 1.0
+Summary: Python 3.4 Enum backported to 3.3, 3.2, 3.1, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, and 2.4
+Home-page: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/enum34
+Author: Ethan Furman
+Author-email: ethan@stoneleaf.us
+License: BSD License
+Description: ``enum`` --- support for enumerations
+        ========================================
+        
+        .. :synopsis: enumerations are sets of symbolic names bound to unique, constant
+          values.
+        .. :moduleauthor:: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
+        .. :sectionauthor:: Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>,
+        .. :sectionauthor:: Eli Bendersky <eliben@gmail.com>,
+        .. :sectionauthor:: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
+        
+        ----------------
+        
+        An enumeration is a set of symbolic names (members) bound to unique, constant
+        values.  Within an enumeration, the members can be compared by identity, and
+        the enumeration itself can be iterated over.
+        
+        
+        Module Contents
+        ---------------
+        
+        This module defines two enumeration classes that can be used to define unique
+        sets of names and values: ``Enum`` and ``IntEnum``.  It also defines
+        one decorator, ``unique``.
+        
+        ``Enum``
+        
+        Base class for creating enumerated constants.  See section `Functional API`_
+        for an alternate construction syntax.
+        
+        ``IntEnum``
+        
+        Base class for creating enumerated constants that are also subclasses of ``int``.
+        
+        ``unique``
+        
+        Enum class decorator that ensures only one name is bound to any one value.
+        
+        
+        Creating an Enum
+        ----------------
+        
+        Enumerations are created using the ``class`` syntax, which makes them
+        easy to read and write.  An alternative creation method is described in
+        `Functional API`_.  To define an enumeration, subclass ``Enum`` as
+        follows::
+        
+            >>> from enum import Enum
+            >>> class Color(Enum):
+            ...     red = 1
+            ...     green = 2
+            ...     blue = 3
+        
+        Note: Nomenclature
+        
+          - The class ``Color`` is an *enumeration* (or *enum*)
+          - The attributes ``Color.red``, ``Color.green``, etc., are
+            *enumeration members* (or *enum members*).
+          - The enum members have *names* and *values* (the name of
+            ``Color.red`` is ``red``, the value of ``Color.blue`` is
+            ``3``, etc.)
+            
+        Note:
+        
+            Even though we use the ``class`` syntax to create Enums, Enums
+            are not normal Python classes.  See `How are Enums different?`_ for
+            more details.
+        
+        Enumeration members have human readable string representations::
+        
+            >>> print(Color.red)
+            Color.red
+        
+        ...while their ``repr`` has more information::
+        
+            >>> print(repr(Color.red))
+            <Color.red: 1>
+        
+        The *type* of an enumeration member is the enumeration it belongs to::
+        
+            >>> type(Color.red)
+            <enum 'Color'>
+            >>> isinstance(Color.green, Color)
+            True
+            >>>
+        
+        Enum members also have a property that contains just their item name::
+        
+            >>> print(Color.red.name)
+            red
+        
+        Enumerations support iteration.  In Python 3.x definition order is used; in
+        Python 2.x the definition order is not available, but class attribute
+        ``__order__`` is supported;  otherwise, value order is used::
+        
+            >>> class Shake(Enum):
+            ...   __order__ = 'vanilla chocolate cookies mint'  # only needed in 2.x
+            ...   vanilla = 7
+            ...   chocolate = 4
+            ...   cookies = 9
+            ...   mint = 3
+            ...
+            >>> for shake in Shake:
+            ...   print(shake)
+            ...
+            Shake.vanilla
+            Shake.chocolate
+            Shake.cookies
+            Shake.mint
+        
+        The ``__order__`` attribute is always removed, and in 3.x it is also ignored
+        (order is definition order); however, in the stdlib version it will be ignored
+        but not removed.
+        
+        Enumeration members are hashable, so they can be used in dictionaries and sets::
+        
+            >>> apples = {}
+            >>> apples[Color.red] = 'red delicious'
+            >>> apples[Color.green] = 'granny smith'
+            >>> apples == {Color.red: 'red delicious', Color.green: 'granny smith'}
+            True
+        
+        
+        Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes
+        ---------------------------------------------------------------
+        
+        Sometimes it's useful to access members in enumerations programmatically (i.e.
+        situations where ``Color.red`` won't do because the exact color is not known
+        at program-writing time).  ``Enum`` allows such access::
+        
+            >>> Color(1)
+            <Color.red: 1>
+            >>> Color(3)
+            <Color.blue: 3>
+        
+        If you want to access enum members by *name*, use item access::
+        
+            >>> Color['red']
+            <Color.red: 1>
+            >>> Color['green']
+            <Color.green: 2>
+        
+        If have an enum member and need its ``name`` or ``value``::
+        
+            >>> member = Color.red
+            >>> member.name
+            'red'
+            >>> member.value
+            1
+        
+        
+        Duplicating enum members and values
+        -----------------------------------
+        
+        Having two enum members (or any other attribute) with the same name is invalid;
+        in Python 3.x this would raise an error, but in Python 2.x the second member
+        simply overwrites the first::
+        
+            >>> # python 2.x
+            >>> class Shape(Enum):
+            ...   square = 2
+            ...   square = 3
+            ...
+            >>> Shape.square
+            <Shape.square: 3>
+        
+            >>> # python 3.x
+            >>> class Shape(Enum):
+            ...   square = 2
+            ...   square = 3
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            TypeError: Attempted to reuse key: 'square'
+        
+        However, two enum members are allowed to have the same value.  Given two members
+        A and B with the same value (and A defined first), B is an alias to A.  By-value
+        lookup of the value of A and B will return A.  By-name lookup of B will also
+        return A::
+        
+            >>> class Shape(Enum):
+            ...   __order__ = 'square diamond circle alias_for_square'  # only needed in 2.x
+            ...   square = 2
+            ...   diamond = 1
+            ...   circle = 3
+            ...   alias_for_square = 2
+            ...
+            >>> Shape.square
+            <Shape.square: 2>
+            >>> Shape.alias_for_square
+            <Shape.square: 2>
+            >>> Shape(2)
+            <Shape.square: 2>
+        
+        
+        Allowing aliases is not always desirable.  ``unique`` can be used to ensure
+        that none exist in a particular enumeration::
+        
+            >>> from enum import unique
+            >>> @unique
+            ... class Mistake(Enum):
+            ...   __order__ = 'one two three four'  # only needed in 2.x
+            ...   one = 1
+            ...   two = 2
+            ...   three = 3
+            ...   four = 3
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            ValueError: duplicate names found in <enum 'Mistake'>: four -> three
+        
+        Iterating over the members of an enum does not provide the aliases::
+        
+            >>> list(Shape)
+            [<Shape.square: 2>, <Shape.diamond: 1>, <Shape.circle: 3>]
+        
+        The special attribute ``__members__`` is a dictionary mapping names to members.
+        It includes all names defined in the enumeration, including the aliases::
+        
+            >>> for name, member in sorted(Shape.__members__.items()):
+            ...   name, member
+            ...
+            ('alias_for_square', <Shape.square: 2>)
+            ('circle', <Shape.circle: 3>)
+            ('diamond', <Shape.diamond: 1>)
+            ('square', <Shape.square: 2>)
+        
+        The ``__members__`` attribute can be used for detailed programmatic access to
+        the enumeration members.  For example, finding all the aliases::
+        
+            >>> [name for name, member in Shape.__members__.items() if member.name != name]
+            ['alias_for_square']
+        
+        Comparisons
+        -----------
+        
+        Enumeration members are compared by identity::
+        
+            >>> Color.red is Color.red
+            True
+            >>> Color.red is Color.blue
+            False
+            >>> Color.red is not Color.blue
+            True
+        
+        Ordered comparisons between enumeration values are *not* supported.  Enum
+        members are not integers (but see `IntEnum`_ below)::
+        
+            >>> Color.red < Color.blue
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+              File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+            TypeError: unorderable types: Color() < Color()
+        
+        .. warning::
+        
+            In Python 2 *everything* is ordered, even though the ordering may not
+            make sense.  If you want your enumerations to have a sensible ordering
+            check out the `OrderedEnum`_ recipe below.
+        
+        
+        Equality comparisons are defined though::
+        
+            >>> Color.blue == Color.red
+            False
+            >>> Color.blue != Color.red
+            True
+            >>> Color.blue == Color.blue
+            True
+        
+        Comparisons against non-enumeration values will always compare not equal
+        (again, ``IntEnum`` was explicitly designed to behave differently, see
+        below)::
+        
+            >>> Color.blue == 2
+            False
+        
+        
+        Allowed members and attributes of enumerations
+        ----------------------------------------------
+        
+        The examples above use integers for enumeration values.  Using integers is
+        short and handy (and provided by default by the `Functional API`_), but not
+        strictly enforced.  In the vast majority of use-cases, one doesn't care what
+        the actual value of an enumeration is.  But if the value *is* important,
+        enumerations can have arbitrary values.
+        
+        Enumerations are Python classes, and can have methods and special methods as
+        usual.  If we have this enumeration::
+        
+            >>> class Mood(Enum):
+            ...   funky = 1
+            ...   happy = 3
+            ... 
+            ...   def describe(self):
+            ...     # self is the member here
+            ...     return self.name, self.value
+            ... 
+            ...   def __str__(self):
+            ...     return 'my custom str! {0}'.format(self.value)
+            ... 
+            ...   @classmethod
+            ...   def favorite_mood(cls):
+            ...     # cls here is the enumeration
+            ...     return cls.happy
+        
+        Then::
+        
+            >>> Mood.favorite_mood()
+            <Mood.happy: 3>
+            >>> Mood.happy.describe()
+            ('happy', 3)
+            >>> str(Mood.funky)
+            'my custom str! 1'
+        
+        The rules for what is allowed are as follows: _sunder_ names (starting and
+        ending with a single underscore) are reserved by enum and cannot be used;
+        all other attributes defined within an enumeration will become members of this
+        enumeration, with the exception of *__dunder__* names and descriptors (methods
+        are also descriptors).
+        
+        Note:
+        
+            If your enumeration defines ``__new__`` and/or ``__init__`` then
+            whatever value(s) were given to the enum member will be passed into
+            those methods.  See `Planet`_ for an example.
+        
+        
+        Restricted subclassing of enumerations
+        --------------------------------------
+        
+        Subclassing an enumeration is allowed only if the enumeration does not define
+        any members.  So this is forbidden::
+        
+            >>> class MoreColor(Color):
+            ...   pink = 17
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            TypeError: Cannot extend enumerations
+        
+        But this is allowed::
+        
+            >>> class Foo(Enum):
+            ...   def some_behavior(self):
+            ...     pass
+            ...
+            >>> class Bar(Foo):
+            ...   happy = 1
+            ...   sad = 2
+            ...
+        
+        Allowing subclassing of enums that define members would lead to a violation of
+        some important invariants of types and instances.  On the other hand, it makes
+        sense to allow sharing some common behavior between a group of enumerations.
+        (See `OrderedEnum`_ for an example.)
+        
+        
+        Pickling
+        --------
+        
+        Enumerations can be pickled and unpickled::
+        
+            >>> from enum.test_enum import Fruit
+            >>> from pickle import dumps, loads
+            >>> Fruit.tomato is loads(dumps(Fruit.tomato, 2))
+            True
+        
+        The usual restrictions for pickling apply: picklable enums must be defined in
+        the top level of a module, since unpickling requires them to be importable
+        from that module.
+        
+        Note:
+        
+            With pickle protocol version 4 (introduced in Python 3.4) it is possible
+            to easily pickle enums nested in other classes.
+        
+        
+        
+        Functional API
+        --------------
+        
+        The ``Enum`` class is callable, providing the following functional API::
+        
+            >>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ant bee cat dog')
+            >>> Animal
+            <enum 'Animal'>
+            >>> Animal.ant
+            <Animal.ant: 1>
+            >>> Animal.ant.value
+            1
+            >>> list(Animal)
+            [<Animal.ant: 1>, <Animal.bee: 2>, <Animal.cat: 3>, <Animal.dog: 4>]
+        
+        The semantics of this API resemble ``namedtuple``. The first argument
+        of the call to ``Enum`` is the name of the enumeration. 
+        
+        The second argument is the *source* of enumeration member names.  It can be a
+        whitespace-separated string of names, a sequence of names, a sequence of
+        2-tuples with key/value pairs, or a mapping (e.g. dictionary) of names to
+        values.  The last two options enable assigning arbitrary values to
+        enumerations; the others auto-assign increasing integers starting with 1.  A
+        new class derived from ``Enum`` is returned.  In other words, the above
+        assignment to ``Animal`` is equivalent to::
+        
+            >>> class Animals(Enum):
+            ...   ant = 1
+            ...   bee = 2
+            ...   cat = 3
+            ...   dog = 4
+        
+        Pickling enums created with the functional API can be tricky as frame stack
+        implementation details are used to try and figure out which module the
+        enumeration is being created in (e.g. it will fail if you use a utility
+        function in separate module, and also may not work on IronPython or Jython).
+        The solution is to specify the module name explicitly as follows::
+        
+            >>> Animals = Enum('Animals', 'ant bee cat dog', module=__name__)
+        
+        Derived Enumerations
+        --------------------
+        
+        IntEnum
+        ^^^^^^^
+        
+        A variation of ``Enum`` is provided which is also a subclass of
+        ``int``.  Members of an ``IntEnum`` can be compared to integers;
+        by extension, integer enumerations of different types can also be compared
+        to each other::
+        
+            >>> from enum import IntEnum
+            >>> class Shape(IntEnum):
+            ...   circle = 1
+            ...   square = 2
+            ...
+            >>> class Request(IntEnum):
+            ...   post = 1
+            ...   get = 2
+            ...
+            >>> Shape == 1
+            False
+            >>> Shape.circle == 1
+            True
+            >>> Shape.circle == Request.post
+            True
+        
+        However, they still can't be compared to standard ``Enum`` enumerations::
+        
+            >>> class Shape(IntEnum):
+            ...   circle = 1
+            ...   square = 2
+            ...
+            >>> class Color(Enum):
+            ...   red = 1
+            ...   green = 2
+            ...
+            >>> Shape.circle == Color.red
+            False
+        
+        ``IntEnum`` values behave like integers in other ways you'd expect::
+        
+            >>> int(Shape.circle)
+            1
+            >>> ['a', 'b', 'c'][Shape.circle]
+            'b'
+            >>> [i for i in range(Shape.square)]
+            [0, 1]
+        
+        For the vast majority of code, ``Enum`` is strongly recommended,
+        since ``IntEnum`` breaks some semantic promises of an enumeration (by
+        being comparable to integers, and thus by transitivity to other
+        unrelated enumerations).  It should be used only in special cases where
+        there's no other choice; for example, when integer constants are
+        replaced with enumerations and backwards compatibility is required with code
+        that still expects integers.
+        
+        
+        Others
+        ^^^^^^
+        
+        While ``IntEnum`` is part of the ``enum`` module, it would be very
+        simple to implement independently::
+        
+            class IntEnum(int, Enum):
+                pass
+        
+        This demonstrates how similar derived enumerations can be defined; for example
+        a ``StrEnum`` that mixes in ``str`` instead of ``int``.
+        
+        Some rules:
+        
+        1. When subclassing ``Enum``, mix-in types must appear before
+           ``Enum`` itself in the sequence of bases, as in the ``IntEnum``
+           example above.
+        2. While ``Enum`` can have members of any type, once you mix in an
+           additional type, all the members must have values of that type, e.g.
+           ``int`` above.  This restriction does not apply to mix-ins which only
+           add methods and don't specify another data type such as ``int`` or
+           ``str``.
+        3. When another data type is mixed in, the ``value`` attribute is *not the
+           same* as the enum member itself, although it is equivalant and will compare
+           equal.
+        4. %-style formatting:  ``%s`` and ``%r`` call ``Enum``'s ``__str__`` and
+           ``__repr__`` respectively; other codes (such as ``%i`` or ``%h`` for
+           IntEnum) treat the enum member as its mixed-in type.
+        
+           Note: Prior to Python 3.4 there is a bug in ``str``'s %-formatting: ``int``
+           subclasses are printed as strings and not numbers when the ``%d``, ``%i``,
+           or ``%u`` codes are used.
+        5. ``str.__format__`` (or ``format``) will use the mixed-in
+           type's ``__format__``.  If the ``Enum``'s ``str`` or
+           ``repr`` is desired use the ``!s`` or ``!r`` ``str`` format codes.
+        
+        
+        Decorators
+        ----------
+        
+        unique
+        ^^^^^^
+        
+        A ``class`` decorator specifically for enumerations.  It searches an
+        enumeration's ``__members__`` gathering any aliases it finds; if any are
+        found ``ValueError`` is raised with the details::
+        
+            >>> @unique
+            ... class NoDupes(Enum):
+            ...    first = 'one'
+            ...    second = 'two'
+            ...    third = 'two'
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            ValueError: duplicate names found in <enum 'NoDupes'>: third -> second
+        
+        
+        Interesting examples
+        --------------------
+        
+        While ``Enum`` and ``IntEnum`` are expected to cover the majority of
+        use-cases, they cannot cover them all.  Here are recipes for some different
+        types of enumerations that can be used directly, or as examples for creating
+        one's own.
+        
+        
+        AutoNumber
+        ^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        Avoids having to specify the value for each enumeration member::
+        
+            >>> class AutoNumber(Enum):
+            ...     def __new__(cls):
+            ...         value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
+            ...         obj = object.__new__(cls)
+            ...         obj._value_ = value
+            ...         return obj
+            ...
+            >>> class Color(AutoNumber):
+            ...     __order__ = "red green blue"  # only needed in 2.x
+            ...     red = ()
+            ...     green = ()
+            ...     blue = ()
+            ...
+            >>> Color.green.value == 2
+            True
+        
+        Note:
+        
+            The `__new__` method, if defined, is used during creation of the Enum
+            members; it is then replaced by Enum's `__new__` which is used after
+            class creation for lookup of existing members.  Due to the way Enums are
+            supposed to behave, there is no way to customize Enum's `__new__`.
+        
+        
+        UniqueEnum
+        ^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        Raises an error if a duplicate member name is found instead of creating an
+        alias::
+        
+            >>> class UniqueEnum(Enum):
+            ...     def __init__(self, *args):
+            ...         cls = self.__class__
+            ...         if any(self.value == e.value for e in cls):
+            ...             a = self.name
+            ...             e = cls(self.value).name
+            ...             raise ValueError(
+            ...                     "aliases not allowed in UniqueEnum:  %r --> %r"
+            ...                     % (a, e))
+            ... 
+            >>> class Color(UniqueEnum):
+            ...     red = 1
+            ...     green = 2
+            ...     blue = 3
+            ...     grene = 2
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            ValueError: aliases not allowed in UniqueEnum:  'grene' --> 'green'
+            
+        
+        OrderedEnum
+        ^^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        An ordered enumeration that is not based on ``IntEnum`` and so maintains
+        the normal ``Enum`` invariants (such as not being comparable to other
+        enumerations)::
+        
+            >>> class OrderedEnum(Enum):
+            ...     def __ge__(self, other):
+            ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+            ...             return self._value_ >= other._value_
+            ...         return NotImplemented
+            ...     def __gt__(self, other):
+            ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+            ...             return self._value_ > other._value_
+            ...         return NotImplemented
+            ...     def __le__(self, other):
+            ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+            ...             return self._value_ <= other._value_
+            ...         return NotImplemented
+            ...     def __lt__(self, other):
+            ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+            ...             return self._value_ < other._value_
+            ...         return NotImplemented
+            ...
+            >>> class Grade(OrderedEnum):
+            ...     __ordered__ = 'A B C D F'
+            ...     A = 5
+            ...     B = 4
+            ...     C = 3
+            ...     D = 2
+            ...     F = 1
+            ...
+            >>> Grade.C < Grade.A
+            True
+        
+        
+        Planet
+        ^^^^^^
+        
+        If ``__new__`` or ``__init__`` is defined the value of the enum member
+        will be passed to those methods::
+        
+            >>> class Planet(Enum):
+            ...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
+            ...     VENUS   = (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6)
+            ...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
+            ...     MARS    = (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6)
+            ...     JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
+            ...     SATURN  = (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7)
+            ...     URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
+            ...     NEPTUNE = (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7)
+            ...     def __init__(self, mass, radius):
+            ...         self.mass = mass       # in kilograms
+            ...         self.radius = radius   # in meters
+            ...     @property
+            ...     def surface_gravity(self):
+            ...         # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
+            ...         G = 6.67300E-11
+            ...         return G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
+            ... 
+            >>> Planet.EARTH.value
+            (5.976e+24, 6378140.0)
+            >>> Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity
+            9.802652743337129
+        
+        
+        How are Enums different?
+        ------------------------
+        
+        Enums have a custom metaclass that affects many aspects of both derived Enum
+        classes and their instances (members).
+        
+        
+        Enum Classes
+        ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        The ``EnumMeta`` metaclass is responsible for providing the
+        ``__contains__``, ``__dir__``, ``__iter__`` and other methods that
+        allow one to do things with an ``Enum`` class that fail on a typical
+        class, such as ``list(Color)`` or ``some_var in Color``.  ``EnumMeta`` is
+        responsible for ensuring that various other methods on the final ``Enum``
+        class are correct (such as ``__new__``, ``__getnewargs__``,
+        ``__str__`` and ``__repr__``)
+        
+        
+        Enum Members (aka instances)
+        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        The most interesting thing about Enum members is that they are singletons.
+        ``EnumMeta`` creates them all while it is creating the ``Enum``
+        class itself, and then puts a custom ``__new__`` in place to ensure
+        that no new ones are ever instantiated by returning only the existing
+        member instances.
+        
+        
+        Finer Points
+        ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+        
+        Enum members are instances of an Enum class, and even though they are
+        accessible as ``EnumClass.member``, they are not accessible directly from
+        the member::
+        
+            >>> Color.red
+            <Color.red: 1>
+            >>> Color.red.blue
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            AttributeError: 'Color' object has no attribute 'blue'
+        
+        Likewise, ``__members__`` is only available on the class.
+        
+        In Python 3.x ``__members__`` is always an ``OrderedDict``, with the order being
+        the definition order.  In Python 2.7 ``__members__`` is an ``OrderedDict`` if
+        ``__order__`` was specified, and a plain ``dict`` otherwise.  In all other Python
+        2.x versions ``__members__`` is a plain ``dict`` even if ``__order__`` was specified
+        as the ``OrderedDict`` type didn't exist yet.
+        
+        If you give your ``Enum`` subclass extra methods, like the `Planet`_
+        class above, those methods will show up in a `dir` of the member,
+        but not of the class::
+        
+            >>> dir(Planet)
+            ['EARTH', 'JUPITER', 'MARS', 'MERCURY', 'NEPTUNE', 'SATURN', 'URANUS',
+            'VENUS', '__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__']
+            >>> dir(Planet.EARTH)
+            ['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'name', 'surface_gravity', 'value']
+        
+        A ``__new__`` method will only be used for the creation of the
+        ``Enum`` members -- after that it is replaced.  This means if you wish to
+        change how ``Enum`` members are looked up you either have to write a
+        helper function or a ``classmethod``.
+        
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Provides: enum
diff --git a/enum/LICENSE b/enum/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9003b88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+Copyright (c) 2013, Ethan Furman.
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+are met:
+
+    Redistributions of source code must retain the above
+    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
+    following disclaimer.
+
+    Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
+    provided with the distribution.
+
+    Neither the name Ethan Furman nor the names of any
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
+    derived from this software without specific prior written
+    permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/enum/README b/enum/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..511af98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/README
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+enum34 is the new Python stdlib enum module available in Python 3.4
+backported for previous versions of Python from 2.4 to 3.3.
diff --git a/enum/__init__.py b/enum/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e4081f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,767 @@
+"""Python Enumerations"""
+
+import sys as _sys
+
+__all__ = ['Enum', 'IntEnum', 'unique']
+
+pyver = float('%s.%s' % _sys.version_info[:2])
+
+try:
+    any
+except NameError:
+    def any(iterable):
+        for element in iterable:
+            if element:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    OrderedDict = None
+
+try:
+    basestring
+except NameError:
+    # In Python 2 basestring is the ancestor of both str and unicode
+    # in Python 3 it's just str, but was missing in 3.1
+    basestring = str
+
+class _RouteClassAttributeToGetattr(object):
+    """Route attribute access on a class to __getattr__.
+
+    This is a descriptor, used to define attributes that act differently when
+    accessed through an instance and through a class.  Instance access remains
+    normal, but access to an attribute through a class will be routed to the
+    class's __getattr__ method; this is done by raising AttributeError.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, fget=None):
+        self.fget = fget
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, ownerclass=None):
+        if instance is None:
+            raise AttributeError()
+        return self.fget(instance)
+
+    def __set__(self, instance, value):
+        raise AttributeError("can't set attribute")
+
+    def __delete__(self, instance):
+        raise AttributeError("can't delete attribute")
+
+
+def _is_descriptor(obj):
+    """Returns True if obj is a descriptor, False otherwise."""
+    return (
+            hasattr(obj, '__get__') or
+            hasattr(obj, '__set__') or
+            hasattr(obj, '__delete__'))
+
+
+def _is_dunder(name):
+    """Returns True if a __dunder__ name, False otherwise."""
+    return (name[:2] == name[-2:] == '__' and
+            name[2:3] != '_' and
+            name[-3:-2] != '_' and
+            len(name) > 4)
+
+
+def _is_sunder(name):
+    """Returns True if a _sunder_ name, False otherwise."""
+    return (name[0] == name[-1] == '_' and 
+            name[1:2] != '_' and
+            name[-2:-1] != '_' and
+            len(name) > 2)
+
+
+def _make_class_unpicklable(cls):
+    """Make the given class un-picklable."""
+    def _break_on_call_reduce(self, protocol=None):
+        raise TypeError('%r cannot be pickled' % self)
+    cls.__reduce_ex__ = _break_on_call_reduce
+    cls.__module__ = '<unknown>'
+
+
+class _EnumDict(dict):
+    """Track enum member order and ensure member names are not reused.
+
+    EnumMeta will use the names found in self._member_names as the
+    enumeration member names.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(_EnumDict, self).__init__()
+        self._member_names = []
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        """Changes anything not dundered or not a descriptor.
+
+        If a descriptor is added with the same name as an enum member, the name
+        is removed from _member_names (this may leave a hole in the numerical
+        sequence of values).
+
+        If an enum member name is used twice, an error is raised; duplicate
+        values are not checked for.
+
+        Single underscore (sunder) names are reserved.
+
+        Note:   in 3.x __order__ is simply discarded as a not necessary piece
+                leftover from 2.x
+
+        """
+        if pyver >= 3.0 and key == '__order__':
+                return
+        if _is_sunder(key):
+            raise ValueError('_names_ are reserved for future Enum use')
+        elif _is_dunder(key):
+            pass
+        elif key in self._member_names:
+            # descriptor overwriting an enum?
+            raise TypeError('Attempted to reuse key: %r' % key)
+        elif not _is_descriptor(value):
+            if key in self:
+                # enum overwriting a descriptor?
+                raise TypeError('Key already defined as: %r' % self[key])
+            self._member_names.append(key)
+        super(_EnumDict, self).__setitem__(key, value)
+
+
+# Dummy value for Enum as EnumMeta explicity checks for it, but of course until
+# EnumMeta finishes running the first time the Enum class doesn't exist.  This
+# is also why there are checks in EnumMeta like `if Enum is not None`
+Enum = None
+
+
+class EnumMeta(type):
+    """Metaclass for Enum"""
+    @classmethod
+    def __prepare__(metacls, cls, bases):
+        return _EnumDict()
+
+    def __new__(metacls, cls, bases, classdict):
+        # an Enum class is final once enumeration items have been defined; it
+        # cannot be mixed with other types (int, float, etc.) if it has an
+        # inherited __new__ unless a new __new__ is defined (or the resulting
+        # class will fail).
+        if type(classdict) is dict:
+            original_dict = classdict
+            classdict = _EnumDict()
+            for k, v in original_dict.items():
+                classdict[k] = v
+
+        member_type, first_enum = metacls._get_mixins_(bases)
+        __new__, save_new, use_args = metacls._find_new_(classdict, member_type,
+                                                        first_enum)
+        # save enum items into separate mapping so they don't get baked into
+        # the new class
+        members = dict((k, classdict[k]) for k in classdict._member_names)
+        for name in classdict._member_names:
+            del classdict[name]
+
+        # py2 support for definition order
+        __order__ = classdict.get('__order__')
+        if __order__ is None:
+            if pyver < 3.0:
+                __order__ = [name for (name, value) in sorted(members.items(), key=lambda item: item[1])]
+            else:
+                __order__ = classdict._member_names
+        else:
+            del classdict['__order__']
+            if pyver < 3.0:
+                __order__ = __order__.replace(',', ' ').split()
+                aliases = [name for name in members if name not in __order__]
+                __order__ += aliases
+
+        # check for illegal enum names (any others?)
+        invalid_names = set(members) & set(['mro'])
+        if invalid_names:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid enum member name(s): %s' % (
+                ', '.join(invalid_names), ))
+
+        # create our new Enum type
+        enum_class = super(EnumMeta, metacls).__new__(metacls, cls, bases, classdict)
+        enum_class._member_names_ = []               # names in random order
+        if OrderedDict is not None:
+            enum_class._member_map_ = OrderedDict()
+        else:
+            enum_class._member_map_ = {}             # name->value map
+        enum_class._member_type_ = member_type
+
+        # Reverse value->name map for hashable values.
+        enum_class._value2member_map_ = {}
+
+        # instantiate them, checking for duplicates as we go
+        # we instantiate first instead of checking for duplicates first in case
+        # a custom __new__ is doing something funky with the values -- such as
+        # auto-numbering ;)
+        if __new__ is None:
+            __new__ = enum_class.__new__
+        for member_name in __order__:
+            value = members[member_name]
+            if not isinstance(value, tuple):
+                args = (value, )
+            else:
+                args = value
+            if member_type is tuple:   # special case for tuple enums
+                args = (args, )     # wrap it one more time
+            if not use_args or not args:
+                enum_member = __new__(enum_class)
+                if not hasattr(enum_member, '_value_'):
+                    enum_member._value_ = value
+            else:
+                enum_member = __new__(enum_class, *args)
+                if not hasattr(enum_member, '_value_'):
+                    enum_member._value_ = member_type(*args)
+            value = enum_member._value_
+            enum_member._name_ = member_name
+            enum_member.__objclass__ = enum_class
+            enum_member.__init__(*args)
+            # If another member with the same value was already defined, the
+            # new member becomes an alias to the existing one.
+            for name, canonical_member in enum_class._member_map_.items():
+                if canonical_member.value == enum_member._value_:
+                    enum_member = canonical_member
+                    break
+            else:
+                # Aliases don't appear in member names (only in __members__).
+                enum_class._member_names_.append(member_name)
+            enum_class._member_map_[member_name] = enum_member
+            try:
+                # This may fail if value is not hashable. We can't add the value
+                # to the map, and by-value lookups for this value will be
+                # linear.
+                enum_class._value2member_map_[value] = enum_member
+            except TypeError:
+                pass
+
+
+        # If a custom type is mixed into the Enum, and it does not know how
+        # to pickle itself, pickle.dumps will succeed but pickle.loads will
+        # fail.  Rather than have the error show up later and possibly far
+        # from the source, sabotage the pickle protocol for this class so
+        # that pickle.dumps also fails.
+        #
+        # However, if the new class implements its own __reduce_ex__, do not
+        # sabotage -- it's on them to make sure it works correctly.  We use
+        # __reduce_ex__ instead of any of the others as it is preferred by
+        # pickle over __reduce__, and it handles all pickle protocols.
+        unpicklable = False
+        if '__reduce_ex__' not in classdict:
+            if member_type is not object:
+                methods = ('__getnewargs_ex__', '__getnewargs__',
+                        '__reduce_ex__', '__reduce__')
+                if not any(m in member_type.__dict__ for m in methods):
+                    _make_class_unpicklable(enum_class)
+                    unpicklable = True
+
+
+        # double check that repr and friends are not the mixin's or various
+        # things break (such as pickle)
+        for name in ('__repr__', '__str__', '__format__', '__reduce_ex__'):
+            class_method = getattr(enum_class, name)
+            obj_method = getattr(member_type, name, None)
+            enum_method = getattr(first_enum, name, None)
+            if name not in classdict and class_method is not enum_method:
+                if name == '__reduce_ex__' and unpicklable:
+                    continue
+                setattr(enum_class, name, enum_method)
+
+        # method resolution and int's are not playing nice
+        # Python's less than 2.6 use __cmp__
+
+        if pyver < 2.6:
+
+            if issubclass(enum_class, int):
+                setattr(enum_class, '__cmp__', getattr(int, '__cmp__'))
+
+        elif pyver < 3.0:
+
+            if issubclass(enum_class, int):
+                for method in (
+                        '__le__',
+                        '__lt__',
+                        '__gt__',
+                        '__ge__',
+                        '__eq__',
+                        '__ne__',
+                        '__hash__',
+                        ):
+                    setattr(enum_class, method, getattr(int, method))
+
+        # replace any other __new__ with our own (as long as Enum is not None,
+        # anyway) -- again, this is to support pickle
+        if Enum is not None:
+            # if the user defined their own __new__, save it before it gets
+            # clobbered in case they subclass later
+            if save_new:
+                setattr(enum_class, '__member_new__', enum_class.__dict__['__new__'])
+            setattr(enum_class, '__new__', Enum.__dict__['__new__'])
+        return enum_class
+
+    def __call__(cls, value, names=None, module=None, type=None):
+        """Either returns an existing member, or creates a new enum class.
+
+        This method is used both when an enum class is given a value to match
+        to an enumeration member (i.e. Color(3)) and for the functional API
+        (i.e. Color = Enum('Color', names='red green blue')).
+
+        When used for the functional API: `module`, if set, will be stored in
+        the new class' __module__ attribute; `type`, if set, will be mixed in
+        as the first base class.
+
+        Note: if `module` is not set this routine will attempt to discover the
+        calling module by walking the frame stack; if this is unsuccessful
+        the resulting class will not be pickleable.
+
+        """
+        if names is None:  # simple value lookup
+            return cls.__new__(cls, value)
+        # otherwise, functional API: we're creating a new Enum type
+        return cls._create_(value, names, module=module, type=type)
+
+    def __contains__(cls, member):
+        return isinstance(member, cls) and member.name in cls._member_map_
+
+    def __delattr__(cls, attr):
+        # nicer error message when someone tries to delete an attribute
+        # (see issue19025).
+        if attr in cls._member_map_:
+            raise AttributeError(
+                    "%s: cannot delete Enum member." % cls.__name__)
+        super(EnumMeta, cls).__delattr__(attr)
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return (['__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__'] +
+                self._member_names_)
+
+    @property
+    def __members__(cls):
+        """Returns a mapping of member name->value.
+
+        This mapping lists all enum members, including aliases. Note that this
+        is a copy of the internal mapping.
+
+        """
+        return cls._member_map_.copy()
+
+    def __getattr__(cls, name):
+        """Return the enum member matching `name`
+
+        We use __getattr__ instead of descriptors or inserting into the enum
+        class' __dict__ in order to support `name` and `value` being both
+        properties for enum members (which live in the class' __dict__) and
+        enum members themselves.
+
+        """
+        if _is_dunder(name):
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+        try:
+            return cls._member_map_[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+    def __getitem__(cls, name):
+        return cls._member_map_[name]
+
+    def __iter__(cls):
+        return (cls._member_map_[name] for name in cls._member_names_)
+
+    def __reversed__(cls):
+        return (cls._member_map_[name] for name in reversed(cls._member_names_))
+
+    def __len__(cls):
+        return len(cls._member_names_)
+
+    def __repr__(cls):
+        return "<enum %r>" % cls.__name__
+
+    def __setattr__(cls, name, value):
+        """Block attempts to reassign Enum members.
+
+        A simple assignment to the class namespace only changes one of the
+        several possible ways to get an Enum member from the Enum class,
+        resulting in an inconsistent Enumeration.
+
+        """
+        member_map = cls.__dict__.get('_member_map_', {})
+        if name in member_map:
+            raise AttributeError('Cannot reassign members.')
+        super(EnumMeta, cls).__setattr__(name, value)
+
+    def _create_(cls, class_name, names=None, module=None, type=None):
+        """Convenience method to create a new Enum class.
+
+        `names` can be:
+
+        * A string containing member names, separated either with spaces or
+          commas.  Values are auto-numbered from 1.
+        * An iterable of member names.  Values are auto-numbered from 1.
+        * An iterable of (member name, value) pairs.
+        * A mapping of member name -> value.
+
+        """
+        metacls = cls.__class__
+        if type is None:
+            bases = (cls, )
+        else:
+            bases = (type, cls)
+        classdict = metacls.__prepare__(class_name, bases)
+        __order__ = []
+
+        # special processing needed for names?
+        if isinstance(names, basestring):
+            names = names.replace(',', ' ').split()
+        if isinstance(names, (tuple, list)) and isinstance(names[0], basestring):
+            names = [(e, i+1) for (i, e) in enumerate(names)]
+
+        # Here, names is either an iterable of (name, value) or a mapping.
+        for item in names:
+            if isinstance(item, basestring):
+                member_name, member_value = item, names[item]
+            else:
+                member_name, member_value = item
+            classdict[member_name] = member_value
+            __order__.append(member_name)
+        # only set __order__ in classdict if name/value was not from a mapping
+        if not isinstance(item, basestring):
+            classdict['__order__'] = ' '.join(__order__)
+        enum_class = metacls.__new__(metacls, class_name, bases, classdict)
+
+        # TODO: replace the frame hack if a blessed way to know the calling
+        # module is ever developed
+        if module is None:
+            try:
+                module = _sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__']
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                pass
+        if module is None:
+            _make_class_unpicklable(enum_class)
+        else:
+            enum_class.__module__ = module
+
+        return enum_class
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_mixins_(bases):
+        """Returns the type for creating enum members, and the first inherited
+        enum class.
+
+        bases: the tuple of bases that was given to __new__
+
+        """
+        if not bases or Enum is None:
+            return object, Enum
+        
+
+        # double check that we are not subclassing a class with existing
+        # enumeration members; while we're at it, see if any other data
+        # type has been mixed in so we can use the correct __new__
+        member_type = first_enum = None
+        for base in bases:
+            if  (base is not Enum and
+                    issubclass(base, Enum) and
+                    base._member_names_):
+                raise TypeError("Cannot extend enumerations")
+        # base is now the last base in bases
+        if not issubclass(base, Enum):
+            raise TypeError("new enumerations must be created as "
+                    "`ClassName([mixin_type,] enum_type)`")
+
+        # get correct mix-in type (either mix-in type of Enum subclass, or
+        # first base if last base is Enum)
+        if not issubclass(bases[0], Enum):
+            member_type = bases[0]     # first data type
+            first_enum = bases[-1]  # enum type
+        else:
+            for base in bases[0].__mro__:
+                # most common: (IntEnum, int, Enum, object)
+                # possible:    (<Enum 'AutoIntEnum'>, <Enum 'IntEnum'>,
+                #               <class 'int'>, <Enum 'Enum'>,
+                #               <class 'object'>)
+                if issubclass(base, Enum):
+                    if first_enum is None:
+                        first_enum = base
+                else:
+                    if member_type is None:
+                        member_type = base
+
+        return member_type, first_enum
+
+    if pyver < 3.0:
+        @staticmethod
+        def _find_new_(classdict, member_type, first_enum):
+            """Returns the __new__ to be used for creating the enum members.
+
+            classdict: the class dictionary given to __new__
+            member_type: the data type whose __new__ will be used by default
+            first_enum: enumeration to check for an overriding __new__
+
+            """
+            # now find the correct __new__, checking to see of one was defined
+            # by the user; also check earlier enum classes in case a __new__ was
+            # saved as __member_new__
+            __new__ = classdict.get('__new__', None)
+            if __new__:
+                return None, True, True      # __new__, save_new, use_args
+
+            N__new__ = getattr(None, '__new__')
+            O__new__ = getattr(object, '__new__')
+            if Enum is None:
+                E__new__ = N__new__
+            else:
+                E__new__ = Enum.__dict__['__new__']
+            # check all possibles for __member_new__ before falling back to
+            # __new__
+            for method in ('__member_new__', '__new__'):
+                for possible in (member_type, first_enum):
+                    try:
+                        target = possible.__dict__[method]
+                    except (AttributeError, KeyError):
+                        target = getattr(possible, method, None)
+                    if target not in [
+                            None,
+                            N__new__,
+                            O__new__,
+                            E__new__,
+                            ]:
+                        if method == '__member_new__':
+                            classdict['__new__'] = target
+                            return None, False, True
+                        if isinstance(target, staticmethod):
+                            target = target.__get__(member_type)
+                        __new__ = target
+                        break
+                if __new__ is not None:
+                    break
+            else:
+                __new__ = object.__new__
+
+            # if a non-object.__new__ is used then whatever value/tuple was
+            # assigned to the enum member name will be passed to __new__ and to the
+            # new enum member's __init__
+            if __new__ is object.__new__:
+                use_args = False
+            else:
+                use_args = True
+
+            return __new__, False, use_args
+    else:
+        @staticmethod
+        def _find_new_(classdict, member_type, first_enum):
+            """Returns the __new__ to be used for creating the enum members.
+
+            classdict: the class dictionary given to __new__
+            member_type: the data type whose __new__ will be used by default
+            first_enum: enumeration to check for an overriding __new__
+
+            """
+            # now find the correct __new__, checking to see of one was defined
+            # by the user; also check earlier enum classes in case a __new__ was
+            # saved as __member_new__
+            __new__ = classdict.get('__new__', None)
+
+            # should __new__ be saved as __member_new__ later?
+            save_new = __new__ is not None
+
+            if __new__ is None:
+                # check all possibles for __member_new__ before falling back to
+                # __new__
+                for method in ('__member_new__', '__new__'):
+                    for possible in (member_type, first_enum):
+                        target = getattr(possible, method, None)
+                        if target not in (
+                                None,
+                                None.__new__,
+                                object.__new__,
+                                Enum.__new__,
+                                ):
+                            __new__ = target
+                            break
+                    if __new__ is not None:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    __new__ = object.__new__
+
+            # if a non-object.__new__ is used then whatever value/tuple was
+            # assigned to the enum member name will be passed to __new__ and to the
+            # new enum member's __init__
+            if __new__ is object.__new__:
+                use_args = False
+            else:
+                use_args = True
+
+            return __new__, save_new, use_args
+
+
+########################################################
+# In order to support Python 2 and 3 with a single
+# codebase we have to create the Enum methods separately
+# and then use the `type(name, bases, dict)` method to
+# create the class.
+########################################################
+temp_enum_dict = {}
+temp_enum_dict['__doc__'] = "Generic enumeration.\n\n    Derive from this class to define new enumerations.\n\n"
+
+def __new__(cls, value):
+    # all enum instances are actually created during class construction
+    # without calling this method; this method is called by the metaclass'
+    # __call__ (i.e. Color(3) ), and by pickle
+    if type(value) is cls:
+        # For lookups like Color(Color.red)
+        value = value.value
+        #return value
+    # by-value search for a matching enum member
+    # see if it's in the reverse mapping (for hashable values)
+    try:
+        if value in cls._value2member_map_:
+            return cls._value2member_map_[value]
+    except TypeError:
+        # not there, now do long search -- O(n) behavior
+        for member in cls._member_map_.values():
+            if member.value == value:
+                return member
+    raise ValueError("%s is not a valid %s" % (value, cls.__name__))
+temp_enum_dict['__new__'] = __new__
+del __new__
+
+def __repr__(self):
+    return "<%s.%s: %r>" % (
+            self.__class__.__name__, self._name_, self._value_)
+temp_enum_dict['__repr__'] = __repr__
+del __repr__
+
+def __str__(self):
+    return "%s.%s" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._name_)
+temp_enum_dict['__str__'] = __str__
+del __str__
+
+def __dir__(self):
+    added_behavior = [m for m in self.__class__.__dict__ if m[0] != '_']
+    return (['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'name', 'value'] + added_behavior)
+temp_enum_dict['__dir__'] = __dir__
+del __dir__
+
+def __format__(self, format_spec):
+    # mixed-in Enums should use the mixed-in type's __format__, otherwise
+    # we can get strange results with the Enum name showing up instead of
+    # the value
+
+    # pure Enum branch
+    if self._member_type_ is object:
+        cls = str
+        val = str(self)
+    # mix-in branch
+    else:
+        cls = self._member_type_
+        val = self.value
+    return cls.__format__(val, format_spec)
+temp_enum_dict['__format__'] = __format__
+del __format__
+
+
+####################################
+# Python's less than 2.6 use __cmp__
+
+if pyver < 2.6:
+
+    def __cmp__(self, other):
+        if type(other) is self.__class__:
+            if self is other:
+                return 0
+            return -1
+        return NotImplemented
+        raise TypeError("unorderable types: %s() and %s()" % (self.__class__.__name__, other.__class__.__name__))
+    temp_enum_dict['__cmp__'] = __cmp__
+    del __cmp__
+
+else:
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError("unorderable types: %s() <= %s()" % (self.__class__.__name__, other.__class__.__name__))
+    temp_enum_dict['__le__'] = __le__
+    del __le__
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError("unorderable types: %s() < %s()" % (self.__class__.__name__, other.__class__.__name__))
+    temp_enum_dict['__lt__'] = __lt__
+    del __lt__
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError("unorderable types: %s() >= %s()" % (self.__class__.__name__, other.__class__.__name__))
+    temp_enum_dict['__ge__'] = __ge__
+    del __ge__
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        raise TypeError("unorderable types: %s() > %s()" % (self.__class__.__name__, other.__class__.__name__))
+    temp_enum_dict['__gt__'] = __gt__
+    del __gt__
+    
+
+def __eq__(self, other):
+    if type(other) is self.__class__:
+        return self is other
+    return NotImplemented
+temp_enum_dict['__eq__'] = __eq__
+del __eq__
+
+def __ne__(self, other):
+    if type(other) is self.__class__:
+        return self is not other
+    return NotImplemented
+temp_enum_dict['__ne__'] = __ne__
+del __ne__
+
+def __hash__(self):
+    return hash(self._name_)
+temp_enum_dict['__hash__'] = __hash__
+del __hash__
+
+def __reduce_ex__(self, proto):
+    return self.__class__, (self._value_, )
+temp_enum_dict['__reduce_ex__'] = __reduce_ex__
+del __reduce_ex__
+
+# _RouteClassAttributeToGetattr is used to provide access to the `name`
+# and `value` properties of enum members while keeping some measure of
+# protection from modification, while still allowing for an enumeration
+# to have members named `name` and `value`.  This works because enumeration
+# members are not set directly on the enum class -- __getattr__ is
+# used to look them up.
+
+@_RouteClassAttributeToGetattr
+def name(self):
+    return self._name_
+temp_enum_dict['name'] = name
+del name
+
+@_RouteClassAttributeToGetattr
+def value(self):
+    return self._value_
+temp_enum_dict['value'] = value
+del value
+
+Enum = EnumMeta('Enum', (object, ), temp_enum_dict)
+del temp_enum_dict
+
+# Enum has now been created
+###########################
+
+class IntEnum(int, Enum):
+    """Enum where members are also (and must be) ints"""
+
+
+def unique(enumeration):
+    """Class decorator that ensures only unique members exist in an enumeration."""
+    duplicates = []
+    for name, member in enumeration.__members__.items():
+        if name != member.name:
+            duplicates.append((name, member.name))
+    if duplicates:
+        duplicate_names = ', '.join(
+                ["%s -> %s" % (alias, name) for (alias, name) in duplicates]
+                )
+        raise ValueError('duplicate names found in %r: %s' %
+                (enumeration, duplicate_names)
+                )
+    return enumeration
diff --git a/enum/doc/enum.rst b/enum/doc/enum.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d429bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/doc/enum.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+``enum`` --- support for enumerations
+========================================
+
+.. :synopsis: enumerations are sets of symbolic names bound to unique, constant
+  values.
+.. :moduleauthor:: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
+.. :sectionauthor:: Barry Warsaw <barry@python.org>,
+.. :sectionauthor:: Eli Bendersky <eliben@gmail.com>,
+.. :sectionauthor:: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
+
+----------------
+
+An enumeration is a set of symbolic names (members) bound to unique, constant
+values.  Within an enumeration, the members can be compared by identity, and
+the enumeration itself can be iterated over.
+
+
+Module Contents
+---------------
+
+This module defines two enumeration classes that can be used to define unique
+sets of names and values: ``Enum`` and ``IntEnum``.  It also defines
+one decorator, ``unique``.
+
+``Enum``
+
+Base class for creating enumerated constants.  See section `Functional API`_
+for an alternate construction syntax.
+
+``IntEnum``
+
+Base class for creating enumerated constants that are also subclasses of ``int``.
+
+``unique``
+
+Enum class decorator that ensures only one name is bound to any one value.
+
+
+Creating an Enum
+----------------
+
+Enumerations are created using the ``class`` syntax, which makes them
+easy to read and write.  An alternative creation method is described in
+`Functional API`_.  To define an enumeration, subclass ``Enum`` as
+follows::
+
+    >>> from enum import Enum
+    >>> class Color(Enum):
+    ...     red = 1
+    ...     green = 2
+    ...     blue = 3
+
+Note: Nomenclature
+
+  - The class ``Color`` is an *enumeration* (or *enum*)
+  - The attributes ``Color.red``, ``Color.green``, etc., are
+    *enumeration members* (or *enum members*).
+  - The enum members have *names* and *values* (the name of
+    ``Color.red`` is ``red``, the value of ``Color.blue`` is
+    ``3``, etc.)
+    
+Note:
+
+    Even though we use the ``class`` syntax to create Enums, Enums
+    are not normal Python classes.  See `How are Enums different?`_ for
+    more details.
+
+Enumeration members have human readable string representations::
+
+    >>> print(Color.red)
+    Color.red
+
+...while their ``repr`` has more information::
+
+    >>> print(repr(Color.red))
+    <Color.red: 1>
+
+The *type* of an enumeration member is the enumeration it belongs to::
+
+    >>> type(Color.red)
+    <enum 'Color'>
+    >>> isinstance(Color.green, Color)
+    True
+    >>>
+
+Enum members also have a property that contains just their item name::
+
+    >>> print(Color.red.name)
+    red
+
+Enumerations support iteration.  In Python 3.x definition order is used; in
+Python 2.x the definition order is not available, but class attribute
+``__order__`` is supported;  otherwise, value order is used::
+
+    >>> class Shake(Enum):
+    ...   __order__ = 'vanilla chocolate cookies mint'  # only needed in 2.x
+    ...   vanilla = 7
+    ...   chocolate = 4
+    ...   cookies = 9
+    ...   mint = 3
+    ...
+    >>> for shake in Shake:
+    ...   print(shake)
+    ...
+    Shake.vanilla
+    Shake.chocolate
+    Shake.cookies
+    Shake.mint
+
+The ``__order__`` attribute is always removed, and in 3.x it is also ignored
+(order is definition order); however, in the stdlib version it will be ignored
+but not removed.
+
+Enumeration members are hashable, so they can be used in dictionaries and sets::
+
+    >>> apples = {}
+    >>> apples[Color.red] = 'red delicious'
+    >>> apples[Color.green] = 'granny smith'
+    >>> apples == {Color.red: 'red delicious', Color.green: 'granny smith'}
+    True
+
+
+Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Sometimes it's useful to access members in enumerations programmatically (i.e.
+situations where ``Color.red`` won't do because the exact color is not known
+at program-writing time).  ``Enum`` allows such access::
+
+    >>> Color(1)
+    <Color.red: 1>
+    >>> Color(3)
+    <Color.blue: 3>
+
+If you want to access enum members by *name*, use item access::
+
+    >>> Color['red']
+    <Color.red: 1>
+    >>> Color['green']
+    <Color.green: 2>
+
+If have an enum member and need its ``name`` or ``value``::
+
+    >>> member = Color.red
+    >>> member.name
+    'red'
+    >>> member.value
+    1
+
+
+Duplicating enum members and values
+-----------------------------------
+
+Having two enum members (or any other attribute) with the same name is invalid;
+in Python 3.x this would raise an error, but in Python 2.x the second member
+simply overwrites the first::
+
+    >>> # python 2.x
+    >>> class Shape(Enum):
+    ...   square = 2
+    ...   square = 3
+    ...
+    >>> Shape.square
+    <Shape.square: 3>
+
+    >>> # python 3.x
+    >>> class Shape(Enum):
+    ...   square = 2
+    ...   square = 3
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    TypeError: Attempted to reuse key: 'square'
+
+However, two enum members are allowed to have the same value.  Given two members
+A and B with the same value (and A defined first), B is an alias to A.  By-value
+lookup of the value of A and B will return A.  By-name lookup of B will also
+return A::
+
+    >>> class Shape(Enum):
+    ...   __order__ = 'square diamond circle alias_for_square'  # only needed in 2.x
+    ...   square = 2
+    ...   diamond = 1
+    ...   circle = 3
+    ...   alias_for_square = 2
+    ...
+    >>> Shape.square
+    <Shape.square: 2>
+    >>> Shape.alias_for_square
+    <Shape.square: 2>
+    >>> Shape(2)
+    <Shape.square: 2>
+
+
+Allowing aliases is not always desirable.  ``unique`` can be used to ensure
+that none exist in a particular enumeration::
+
+    >>> from enum import unique
+    >>> @unique
+    ... class Mistake(Enum):
+    ...   __order__ = 'one two three four'  # only needed in 2.x
+    ...   one = 1
+    ...   two = 2
+    ...   three = 3
+    ...   four = 3
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: duplicate names found in <enum 'Mistake'>: four -> three
+
+Iterating over the members of an enum does not provide the aliases::
+
+    >>> list(Shape)
+    [<Shape.square: 2>, <Shape.diamond: 1>, <Shape.circle: 3>]
+
+The special attribute ``__members__`` is a dictionary mapping names to members.
+It includes all names defined in the enumeration, including the aliases::
+
+    >>> for name, member in sorted(Shape.__members__.items()):
+    ...   name, member
+    ...
+    ('alias_for_square', <Shape.square: 2>)
+    ('circle', <Shape.circle: 3>)
+    ('diamond', <Shape.diamond: 1>)
+    ('square', <Shape.square: 2>)
+
+The ``__members__`` attribute can be used for detailed programmatic access to
+the enumeration members.  For example, finding all the aliases::
+
+    >>> [name for name, member in Shape.__members__.items() if member.name != name]
+    ['alias_for_square']
+
+Comparisons
+-----------
+
+Enumeration members are compared by identity::
+
+    >>> Color.red is Color.red
+    True
+    >>> Color.red is Color.blue
+    False
+    >>> Color.red is not Color.blue
+    True
+
+Ordered comparisons between enumeration values are *not* supported.  Enum
+members are not integers (but see `IntEnum`_ below)::
+
+    >>> Color.red < Color.blue
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
+    TypeError: unorderable types: Color() < Color()
+
+.. warning::
+
+    In Python 2 *everything* is ordered, even though the ordering may not
+    make sense.  If you want your enumerations to have a sensible ordering
+    check out the `OrderedEnum`_ recipe below.
+
+
+Equality comparisons are defined though::
+
+    >>> Color.blue == Color.red
+    False
+    >>> Color.blue != Color.red
+    True
+    >>> Color.blue == Color.blue
+    True
+
+Comparisons against non-enumeration values will always compare not equal
+(again, ``IntEnum`` was explicitly designed to behave differently, see
+below)::
+
+    >>> Color.blue == 2
+    False
+
+
+Allowed members and attributes of enumerations
+----------------------------------------------
+
+The examples above use integers for enumeration values.  Using integers is
+short and handy (and provided by default by the `Functional API`_), but not
+strictly enforced.  In the vast majority of use-cases, one doesn't care what
+the actual value of an enumeration is.  But if the value *is* important,
+enumerations can have arbitrary values.
+
+Enumerations are Python classes, and can have methods and special methods as
+usual.  If we have this enumeration::
+
+    >>> class Mood(Enum):
+    ...   funky = 1
+    ...   happy = 3
+    ... 
+    ...   def describe(self):
+    ...     # self is the member here
+    ...     return self.name, self.value
+    ... 
+    ...   def __str__(self):
+    ...     return 'my custom str! {0}'.format(self.value)
+    ... 
+    ...   @classmethod
+    ...   def favorite_mood(cls):
+    ...     # cls here is the enumeration
+    ...     return cls.happy
+
+Then::
+
+    >>> Mood.favorite_mood()
+    <Mood.happy: 3>
+    >>> Mood.happy.describe()
+    ('happy', 3)
+    >>> str(Mood.funky)
+    'my custom str! 1'
+
+The rules for what is allowed are as follows: _sunder_ names (starting and
+ending with a single underscore) are reserved by enum and cannot be used;
+all other attributes defined within an enumeration will become members of this
+enumeration, with the exception of *__dunder__* names and descriptors (methods
+are also descriptors).
+
+Note:
+
+    If your enumeration defines ``__new__`` and/or ``__init__`` then
+    whatever value(s) were given to the enum member will be passed into
+    those methods.  See `Planet`_ for an example.
+
+
+Restricted subclassing of enumerations
+--------------------------------------
+
+Subclassing an enumeration is allowed only if the enumeration does not define
+any members.  So this is forbidden::
+
+    >>> class MoreColor(Color):
+    ...   pink = 17
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    TypeError: Cannot extend enumerations
+
+But this is allowed::
+
+    >>> class Foo(Enum):
+    ...   def some_behavior(self):
+    ...     pass
+    ...
+    >>> class Bar(Foo):
+    ...   happy = 1
+    ...   sad = 2
+    ...
+
+Allowing subclassing of enums that define members would lead to a violation of
+some important invariants of types and instances.  On the other hand, it makes
+sense to allow sharing some common behavior between a group of enumerations.
+(See `OrderedEnum`_ for an example.)
+
+
+Pickling
+--------
+
+Enumerations can be pickled and unpickled::
+
+    >>> from enum.test_enum import Fruit
+    >>> from pickle import dumps, loads
+    >>> Fruit.tomato is loads(dumps(Fruit.tomato, 2))
+    True
+
+The usual restrictions for pickling apply: picklable enums must be defined in
+the top level of a module, since unpickling requires them to be importable
+from that module.
+
+Note:
+
+    With pickle protocol version 4 (introduced in Python 3.4) it is possible
+    to easily pickle enums nested in other classes.
+
+
+
+Functional API
+--------------
+
+The ``Enum`` class is callable, providing the following functional API::
+
+    >>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ant bee cat dog')
+    >>> Animal
+    <enum 'Animal'>
+    >>> Animal.ant
+    <Animal.ant: 1>
+    >>> Animal.ant.value
+    1
+    >>> list(Animal)
+    [<Animal.ant: 1>, <Animal.bee: 2>, <Animal.cat: 3>, <Animal.dog: 4>]
+
+The semantics of this API resemble ``namedtuple``. The first argument
+of the call to ``Enum`` is the name of the enumeration. 
+
+The second argument is the *source* of enumeration member names.  It can be a
+whitespace-separated string of names, a sequence of names, a sequence of
+2-tuples with key/value pairs, or a mapping (e.g. dictionary) of names to
+values.  The last two options enable assigning arbitrary values to
+enumerations; the others auto-assign increasing integers starting with 1.  A
+new class derived from ``Enum`` is returned.  In other words, the above
+assignment to ``Animal`` is equivalent to::
+
+    >>> class Animals(Enum):
+    ...   ant = 1
+    ...   bee = 2
+    ...   cat = 3
+    ...   dog = 4
+
+Pickling enums created with the functional API can be tricky as frame stack
+implementation details are used to try and figure out which module the
+enumeration is being created in (e.g. it will fail if you use a utility
+function in separate module, and also may not work on IronPython or Jython).
+The solution is to specify the module name explicitly as follows::
+
+    >>> Animals = Enum('Animals', 'ant bee cat dog', module=__name__)
+
+Derived Enumerations
+--------------------
+
+IntEnum
+^^^^^^^
+
+A variation of ``Enum`` is provided which is also a subclass of
+``int``.  Members of an ``IntEnum`` can be compared to integers;
+by extension, integer enumerations of different types can also be compared
+to each other::
+
+    >>> from enum import IntEnum
+    >>> class Shape(IntEnum):
+    ...   circle = 1
+    ...   square = 2
+    ...
+    >>> class Request(IntEnum):
+    ...   post = 1
+    ...   get = 2
+    ...
+    >>> Shape == 1
+    False
+    >>> Shape.circle == 1
+    True
+    >>> Shape.circle == Request.post
+    True
+
+However, they still can't be compared to standard ``Enum`` enumerations::
+
+    >>> class Shape(IntEnum):
+    ...   circle = 1
+    ...   square = 2
+    ...
+    >>> class Color(Enum):
+    ...   red = 1
+    ...   green = 2
+    ...
+    >>> Shape.circle == Color.red
+    False
+
+``IntEnum`` values behave like integers in other ways you'd expect::
+
+    >>> int(Shape.circle)
+    1
+    >>> ['a', 'b', 'c'][Shape.circle]
+    'b'
+    >>> [i for i in range(Shape.square)]
+    [0, 1]
+
+For the vast majority of code, ``Enum`` is strongly recommended,
+since ``IntEnum`` breaks some semantic promises of an enumeration (by
+being comparable to integers, and thus by transitivity to other
+unrelated enumerations).  It should be used only in special cases where
+there's no other choice; for example, when integer constants are
+replaced with enumerations and backwards compatibility is required with code
+that still expects integers.
+
+
+Others
+^^^^^^
+
+While ``IntEnum`` is part of the ``enum`` module, it would be very
+simple to implement independently::
+
+    class IntEnum(int, Enum):
+        pass
+
+This demonstrates how similar derived enumerations can be defined; for example
+a ``StrEnum`` that mixes in ``str`` instead of ``int``.
+
+Some rules:
+
+1. When subclassing ``Enum``, mix-in types must appear before
+   ``Enum`` itself in the sequence of bases, as in the ``IntEnum``
+   example above.
+2. While ``Enum`` can have members of any type, once you mix in an
+   additional type, all the members must have values of that type, e.g.
+   ``int`` above.  This restriction does not apply to mix-ins which only
+   add methods and don't specify another data type such as ``int`` or
+   ``str``.
+3. When another data type is mixed in, the ``value`` attribute is *not the
+   same* as the enum member itself, although it is equivalant and will compare
+   equal.
+4. %-style formatting:  ``%s`` and ``%r`` call ``Enum``'s ``__str__`` and
+   ``__repr__`` respectively; other codes (such as ``%i`` or ``%h`` for
+   IntEnum) treat the enum member as its mixed-in type.
+
+   Note: Prior to Python 3.4 there is a bug in ``str``'s %-formatting: ``int``
+   subclasses are printed as strings and not numbers when the ``%d``, ``%i``,
+   or ``%u`` codes are used.
+5. ``str.__format__`` (or ``format``) will use the mixed-in
+   type's ``__format__``.  If the ``Enum``'s ``str`` or
+   ``repr`` is desired use the ``!s`` or ``!r`` ``str`` format codes.
+
+
+Decorators
+----------
+
+unique
+^^^^^^
+
+A ``class`` decorator specifically for enumerations.  It searches an
+enumeration's ``__members__`` gathering any aliases it finds; if any are
+found ``ValueError`` is raised with the details::
+
+    >>> @unique
+    ... class NoDupes(Enum):
+    ...    first = 'one'
+    ...    second = 'two'
+    ...    third = 'two'
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: duplicate names found in <enum 'NoDupes'>: third -> second
+
+
+Interesting examples
+--------------------
+
+While ``Enum`` and ``IntEnum`` are expected to cover the majority of
+use-cases, they cannot cover them all.  Here are recipes for some different
+types of enumerations that can be used directly, or as examples for creating
+one's own.
+
+
+AutoNumber
+^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Avoids having to specify the value for each enumeration member::
+
+    >>> class AutoNumber(Enum):
+    ...     def __new__(cls):
+    ...         value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
+    ...         obj = object.__new__(cls)
+    ...         obj._value_ = value
+    ...         return obj
+    ...
+    >>> class Color(AutoNumber):
+    ...     __order__ = "red green blue"  # only needed in 2.x
+    ...     red = ()
+    ...     green = ()
+    ...     blue = ()
+    ...
+    >>> Color.green.value == 2
+    True
+
+Note:
+
+    The `__new__` method, if defined, is used during creation of the Enum
+    members; it is then replaced by Enum's `__new__` which is used after
+    class creation for lookup of existing members.  Due to the way Enums are
+    supposed to behave, there is no way to customize Enum's `__new__`.
+
+
+UniqueEnum
+^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Raises an error if a duplicate member name is found instead of creating an
+alias::
+
+    >>> class UniqueEnum(Enum):
+    ...     def __init__(self, *args):
+    ...         cls = self.__class__
+    ...         if any(self.value == e.value for e in cls):
+    ...             a = self.name
+    ...             e = cls(self.value).name
+    ...             raise ValueError(
+    ...                     "aliases not allowed in UniqueEnum:  %r --> %r"
+    ...                     % (a, e))
+    ... 
+    >>> class Color(UniqueEnum):
+    ...     red = 1
+    ...     green = 2
+    ...     blue = 3
+    ...     grene = 2
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: aliases not allowed in UniqueEnum:  'grene' --> 'green'
+    
+
+OrderedEnum
+^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+An ordered enumeration that is not based on ``IntEnum`` and so maintains
+the normal ``Enum`` invariants (such as not being comparable to other
+enumerations)::
+
+    >>> class OrderedEnum(Enum):
+    ...     def __ge__(self, other):
+    ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+    ...             return self._value_ >= other._value_
+    ...         return NotImplemented
+    ...     def __gt__(self, other):
+    ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+    ...             return self._value_ > other._value_
+    ...         return NotImplemented
+    ...     def __le__(self, other):
+    ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+    ...             return self._value_ <= other._value_
+    ...         return NotImplemented
+    ...     def __lt__(self, other):
+    ...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+    ...             return self._value_ < other._value_
+    ...         return NotImplemented
+    ...
+    >>> class Grade(OrderedEnum):
+    ...     __ordered__ = 'A B C D F'
+    ...     A = 5
+    ...     B = 4
+    ...     C = 3
+    ...     D = 2
+    ...     F = 1
+    ...
+    >>> Grade.C < Grade.A
+    True
+
+
+Planet
+^^^^^^
+
+If ``__new__`` or ``__init__`` is defined the value of the enum member
+will be passed to those methods::
+
+    >>> class Planet(Enum):
+    ...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
+    ...     VENUS   = (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6)
+    ...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
+    ...     MARS    = (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6)
+    ...     JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
+    ...     SATURN  = (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7)
+    ...     URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
+    ...     NEPTUNE = (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7)
+    ...     def __init__(self, mass, radius):
+    ...         self.mass = mass       # in kilograms
+    ...         self.radius = radius   # in meters
+    ...     @property
+    ...     def surface_gravity(self):
+    ...         # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
+    ...         G = 6.67300E-11
+    ...         return G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
+    ... 
+    >>> Planet.EARTH.value
+    (5.976e+24, 6378140.0)
+    >>> Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity
+    9.802652743337129
+
+
+How are Enums different?
+------------------------
+
+Enums have a custom metaclass that affects many aspects of both derived Enum
+classes and their instances (members).
+
+
+Enum Classes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The ``EnumMeta`` metaclass is responsible for providing the
+``__contains__``, ``__dir__``, ``__iter__`` and other methods that
+allow one to do things with an ``Enum`` class that fail on a typical
+class, such as ``list(Color)`` or ``some_var in Color``.  ``EnumMeta`` is
+responsible for ensuring that various other methods on the final ``Enum``
+class are correct (such as ``__new__``, ``__getnewargs__``,
+``__str__`` and ``__repr__``)
+
+
+Enum Members (aka instances)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The most interesting thing about Enum members is that they are singletons.
+``EnumMeta`` creates them all while it is creating the ``Enum``
+class itself, and then puts a custom ``__new__`` in place to ensure
+that no new ones are ever instantiated by returning only the existing
+member instances.
+
+
+Finer Points
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Enum members are instances of an Enum class, and even though they are
+accessible as ``EnumClass.member``, they are not accessible directly from
+the member::
+
+    >>> Color.red
+    <Color.red: 1>
+    >>> Color.red.blue
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    AttributeError: 'Color' object has no attribute 'blue'
+
+Likewise, ``__members__`` is only available on the class.
+
+In Python 3.x ``__members__`` is always an ``OrderedDict``, with the order being
+the definition order.  In Python 2.7 ``__members__`` is an ``OrderedDict`` if
+``__order__`` was specified, and a plain ``dict`` otherwise.  In all other Python
+2.x versions ``__members__`` is a plain ``dict`` even if ``__order__`` was specified
+as the ``OrderedDict`` type didn't exist yet.
+
+If you give your ``Enum`` subclass extra methods, like the `Planet`_
+class above, those methods will show up in a `dir` of the member,
+but not of the class::
+
+    >>> dir(Planet)
+    ['EARTH', 'JUPITER', 'MARS', 'MERCURY', 'NEPTUNE', 'SATURN', 'URANUS',
+    'VENUS', '__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__']
+    >>> dir(Planet.EARTH)
+    ['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'name', 'surface_gravity', 'value']
+
+A ``__new__`` method will only be used for the creation of the
+``Enum`` members -- after that it is replaced.  This means if you wish to
+change how ``Enum`` members are looked up you either have to write a
+helper function or a ``classmethod``.
diff --git a/enum/enum.py b/enum/enum.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/enum.py
diff --git a/enum/test_enum.py b/enum/test_enum.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ed494e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/enum/test_enum.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1641 @@
+import enum
+import sys
+import unittest
+from enum import Enum, IntEnum, unique, EnumMeta
+from pickle import dumps, loads, PicklingError, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL
+
+pyver = float('%s.%s' % sys.version_info[:2])
+
+try:
+    any
+except NameError:
+    def any(iterable):
+        for element in iterable:
+            if element:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+try:
+    unicode
+except NameError:
+    unicode = str
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    OrderedDict = None
+
+# for pickle tests
+try:
+    class Stooges(Enum):
+        LARRY = 1
+        CURLY = 2
+        MOE = 3
+except Exception:
+    Stooges = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+try:
+    class IntStooges(int, Enum):
+        LARRY = 1
+        CURLY = 2
+        MOE = 3
+except Exception:
+    IntStooges = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+try:
+    class FloatStooges(float, Enum):
+        LARRY = 1.39
+        CURLY = 2.72
+        MOE = 3.142596
+except Exception:
+    FloatStooges = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+# for pickle test and subclass tests
+try:
+    class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+        'accepts only string values'
+    class Name(StrEnum):
+        BDFL = 'Guido van Rossum'
+        FLUFL = 'Barry Warsaw'
+except Exception:
+    Name = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+try:
+    Question = Enum('Question', 'who what when where why', module=__name__)
+except Exception:
+    Question = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+try:
+    Answer = Enum('Answer', 'him this then there because')
+except Exception:
+    Answer = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+try:
+    Theory = Enum('Theory', 'rule law supposition', qualname='spanish_inquisition')
+except Exception:
+    Theory = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+# for doctests
+try:
+    class Fruit(Enum):
+        tomato = 1
+        banana = 2
+        cherry = 3
+except Exception:
+    pass
+
+def test_pickle_dump_load(assertion, source, target=None,
+        protocol=(0, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)):
+    start, stop = protocol
+    failures = []
+    for protocol in range(start, stop+1):
+        try:
+            if target is None:
+                assertion(loads(dumps(source, protocol=protocol)) is source)
+            else:
+                assertion(loads(dumps(source, protocol=protocol)), target)
+        except Exception:
+            exc, tb = sys.exc_info()[1:]
+            failures.append('%2d: %s' %(protocol, exc))
+    if failures:
+        raise ValueError('Failed with protocols: %s' % ', '.join(failures))
+
+def test_pickle_exception(assertion, exception, obj,
+        protocol=(0, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)):
+    start, stop = protocol
+    failures = []
+    for protocol in range(start, stop+1):
+        try:
+            assertion(exception, dumps, obj, protocol=protocol)
+        except Exception:
+            exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            failures.append('%d: %s %s' % (protocol, exc.__class__.__name__, exc))
+    if failures:
+        raise ValueError('Failed with protocols: %s' % ', '.join(failures))
+
+
+class TestHelpers(unittest.TestCase):
+    # _is_descriptor, _is_sunder, _is_dunder
+
+    def test_is_descriptor(self):
+        class foo:
+            pass
+        for attr in ('__get__','__set__','__delete__'):
+            obj = foo()
+            self.assertFalse(enum._is_descriptor(obj))
+            setattr(obj, attr, 1)
+            self.assertTrue(enum._is_descriptor(obj))
+
+    def test_is_sunder(self):
+        for s in ('_a_', '_aa_'):
+            self.assertTrue(enum._is_sunder(s))
+
+        for s in ('a', 'a_', '_a', '__a', 'a__', '__a__', '_a__', '__a_', '_',
+                '__', '___', '____', '_____',):
+            self.assertFalse(enum._is_sunder(s))
+
+    def test_is_dunder(self):
+        for s in ('__a__', '__aa__'):
+            self.assertTrue(enum._is_dunder(s))
+        for s in ('a', 'a_', '_a', '__a', 'a__', '_a_', '_a__', '__a_', '_',
+                '__', '___', '____', '_____',):
+            self.assertFalse(enum._is_dunder(s))
+
+
+class TestEnum(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        class Season(Enum):
+            SPRING = 1
+            SUMMER = 2
+            AUTUMN = 3
+            WINTER = 4
+        self.Season = Season
+
+        class Konstants(float, Enum):
+            E = 2.7182818
+            PI = 3.1415926
+            TAU = 2 * PI
+        self.Konstants = Konstants
+
+        class Grades(IntEnum):
+            A = 5
+            B = 4
+            C = 3
+            D = 2
+            F = 0
+        self.Grades = Grades
+
+        class Directional(str, Enum):
+            EAST = 'east'
+            WEST = 'west'
+            NORTH = 'north'
+            SOUTH = 'south'
+        self.Directional = Directional
+
+        from datetime import date
+        class Holiday(date, Enum):
+            NEW_YEAR = 2013, 1, 1
+            IDES_OF_MARCH = 2013, 3, 15
+        self.Holiday = Holiday
+
+    if pyver >= 2.6:     # cannot specify custom `dir` on this version
+        def test_dir_on_class(self):
+            Season = self.Season
+            self.assertEqual(
+                set(dir(Season)),
+                set(['__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__',
+                    'SPRING', 'SUMMER', 'AUTUMN', 'WINTER']),
+                )
+
+        def test_dir_on_item(self):
+            Season = self.Season
+            self.assertEqual(
+                set(dir(Season.WINTER)),
+                set(['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'name', 'value']),
+                )
+
+    if pyver >= 2.7:    # OrderedDict first available here
+        def test_members_is_ordereddict_if_ordered(self):
+            class Ordered(Enum):
+                __order__ = 'first second third'
+                first = 'bippity'
+                second = 'boppity'
+                third = 'boo'
+            self.assertTrue(type(Ordered.__members__) is OrderedDict)
+
+        def test_members_is_ordereddict_if_not_ordered(self):
+            class Unordered(Enum):
+                this = 'that'
+                these = 'those'
+            self.assertTrue(type(Unordered.__members__) is OrderedDict)
+
+    if pyver >= 3.0:     # all objects are ordered in Python 2.x
+        def test_members_is_always_ordered(self):
+            class AlwaysOrdered(Enum):
+                first = 1
+                second = 2
+                third = 3
+            self.assertTrue(type(AlwaysOrdered.__members__) is OrderedDict)
+
+        def test_comparisons(self):
+            def bad_compare():
+                Season.SPRING > 4
+            Season = self.Season
+            self.assertNotEqual(Season.SPRING, 1)
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, bad_compare)
+
+            class Part(Enum):
+                SPRING = 1
+                CLIP = 2
+                BARREL = 3
+
+            self.assertNotEqual(Season.SPRING, Part.SPRING)
+            def bad_compare():
+                Season.SPRING < Part.CLIP
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, bad_compare) 
+
+    def test_enum_in_enum_out(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        self.assertTrue(Season(Season.WINTER) is Season.WINTER)
+
+    def test_enum_value(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        self.assertEqual(Season.SPRING.value, 1)
+
+    def test_intenum_value(self):
+        self.assertEqual(IntStooges.CURLY.value, 2)
+
+    def test_enum(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        lst = list(Season)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(Season))
+        self.assertEqual(len(Season), 4, Season)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [Season.SPRING, Season.SUMMER, Season.AUTUMN, Season.WINTER], lst)
+
+        for i, season in enumerate('SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN WINTER'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = Season(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, getattr(Season, season))
+            self.assertEqual(e.value, i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, season)
+            self.assertTrue(e in Season)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is Season)
+            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, Season))
+            self.assertEqual(str(e), 'Season.' + season)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                    repr(e),
+                    '<Season.%s: %s>' % (season, i),
+                    )
+
+    def test_value_name(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        self.assertEqual(Season.SPRING.name, 'SPRING')
+        self.assertEqual(Season.SPRING.value, 1)
+        def set_name(obj, new_value):
+            obj.name = new_value
+        def set_value(obj, new_value):
+            obj.value = new_value
+        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_name, Season.SPRING, 'invierno', )
+        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, set_value, Season.SPRING, 2)
+
+    def test_attribute_deletion(self):
+        class Season(Enum):
+            SPRING = 1
+            SUMMER = 2
+            AUTUMN = 3
+            WINTER = 4
+
+            def spam(cls):
+                pass
+
+        self.assertTrue(hasattr(Season, 'spam'))
+        del Season.spam
+        self.assertFalse(hasattr(Season, 'spam'))
+
+        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, delattr, Season, 'SPRING')
+        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, delattr, Season, 'DRY')
+        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, delattr, Season.SPRING, 'name')
+
+    def test_invalid_names(self):
+        def create_bad_class_1():
+            class Wrong(Enum):
+                mro = 9
+        def create_bad_class_2():
+            class Wrong(Enum):
+                _reserved_ = 3
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, create_bad_class_1)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, create_bad_class_2)
+
+    def test_contains(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        self.assertTrue(Season.AUTUMN in Season)
+        self.assertTrue(3 not in Season)
+
+        val = Season(3)
+        self.assertTrue(val in Season)
+
+        class OtherEnum(Enum):
+            one = 1; two = 2
+        self.assertTrue(OtherEnum.two not in Season)
+
+    if pyver >= 2.6:     # when `format` came into being
+
+        def test_format_enum(self):
+            Season = self.Season
+            self.assertEqual('{0}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                             '{0}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+            self.assertEqual( '{0:}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                              '{0:}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+            self.assertEqual('{0:20}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                             '{0:20}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+            self.assertEqual('{0:^20}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                             '{0:^20}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+            self.assertEqual('{0:>20}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                             '{0:>20}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+            self.assertEqual('{0:<20}'.format(Season.SPRING),
+                             '{0:<20}'.format(str(Season.SPRING)))
+
+        def test_format_enum_custom(self):
+            class TestFloat(float, Enum):
+                one = 1.0
+                two = 2.0
+                def __format__(self, spec):
+                    return 'TestFloat success!'
+            self.assertEqual('{0}'.format(TestFloat.one), 'TestFloat success!')
+
+        def assertFormatIsValue(self, spec, member):
+            self.assertEqual(spec.format(member), spec.format(member.value))
+
+        def test_format_enum_date(self):
+            Holiday = self.Holiday
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:20}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:^20}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:>20}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:<20}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:%Y %m}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:%Y %m %M:00}', Holiday.IDES_OF_MARCH)
+
+        def test_format_enum_float(self):
+            Konstants = self.Konstants
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:20}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:^20}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:>20}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:<20}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:n}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:5.2}', Konstants.TAU)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:f}', Konstants.TAU)
+
+        def test_format_enum_int(self):
+            Grades = self.Grades
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:20}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:^20}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:>20}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:<20}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:+}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:08X}', Grades.C)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:b}', Grades.C)
+
+        def test_format_enum_str(self):
+            Directional = self.Directional
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0}', Directional.WEST)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:}', Directional.WEST)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:20}', Directional.WEST)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:^20}', Directional.WEST)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:>20}', Directional.WEST)
+            self.assertFormatIsValue('{0:<20}', Directional.WEST)
+
+    def test_hash(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        dates = {}
+        dates[Season.WINTER] = '1225'
+        dates[Season.SPRING] = '0315'
+        dates[Season.SUMMER] = '0704'
+        dates[Season.AUTUMN] = '1031'
+        self.assertEqual(dates[Season.AUTUMN], '1031')
+
+    def test_enum_duplicates(self):
+        __order__ = "SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN WINTER"
+        class Season(Enum):
+            SPRING = 1
+            SUMMER = 2
+            AUTUMN = FALL = 3
+            WINTER = 4
+            ANOTHER_SPRING = 1
+        lst = list(Season)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            lst,
+            [Season.SPRING, Season.SUMMER,
+             Season.AUTUMN, Season.WINTER,
+            ])
+        self.assertTrue(Season.FALL is Season.AUTUMN)
+        self.assertEqual(Season.FALL.value, 3)
+        self.assertEqual(Season.AUTUMN.value, 3)
+        self.assertTrue(Season(3) is Season.AUTUMN)
+        self.assertTrue(Season(1) is Season.SPRING)
+        self.assertEqual(Season.FALL.name, 'AUTUMN')
+        self.assertEqual(
+                set([k for k,v in Season.__members__.items() if v.name != k]),
+                set(['FALL', 'ANOTHER_SPRING']),
+                )
+
+    if pyver >= 3.0:
+        cls = vars()
+        result = {'Enum':Enum}
+        exec("""def test_duplicate_name(self):
+            with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+                class Color(Enum):
+                    red = 1
+                    green = 2
+                    blue = 3
+                    red = 4
+
+            with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+                class Color(Enum):
+                    red = 1
+                    green = 2
+                    blue = 3
+                    def red(self):
+                        return 'red'
+
+            with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
+                class Color(Enum):
+                    @property
+                    def red(self):
+                        return 'redder'
+                    red = 1
+                    green = 2
+                    blue = 3""",
+            result)
+        cls['test_duplicate_name'] = result['test_duplicate_name']
+
+    def test_enum_with_value_name(self):
+        class Huh(Enum):
+            name = 1
+            value = 2
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(Huh),
+            [Huh.name, Huh.value],
+            )
+        self.assertTrue(type(Huh.name) is Huh)
+        self.assertEqual(Huh.name.name, 'name')
+        self.assertEqual(Huh.name.value, 1)
+
+    def test_intenum_from_scratch(self):
+        class phy(int, Enum):
+            pi = 3
+            tau = 2 * pi
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_intenum_inherited(self):
+        class IntEnum(int, Enum):
+            pass
+        class phy(IntEnum):
+            pi = 3
+            tau = 2 * pi
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_floatenum_from_scratch(self):
+        class phy(float, Enum):
+            pi = 3.1415926
+            tau = 2 * pi
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_floatenum_inherited(self):
+        class FloatEnum(float, Enum):
+            pass
+        class phy(FloatEnum):
+            pi = 3.1415926
+            tau = 2 * pi
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_strenum_from_scratch(self):
+        class phy(str, Enum):
+            pi = 'Pi'
+            tau = 'Tau'
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_strenum_inherited(self):
+        class StrEnum(str, Enum):
+            pass
+        class phy(StrEnum):
+            pi = 'Pi'
+            tau = 'Tau'
+        self.assertTrue(phy.pi < phy.tau)
+
+    def test_intenum(self):
+        class WeekDay(IntEnum):
+            SUNDAY = 1
+            MONDAY = 2
+            TUESDAY = 3
+            WEDNESDAY = 4
+            THURSDAY = 5
+            FRIDAY = 6
+            SATURDAY = 7
+
+        self.assertEqual(['a', 'b', 'c'][WeekDay.MONDAY], 'c')
+        self.assertEqual([i for i in range(WeekDay.TUESDAY)], [0, 1, 2])
+
+        lst = list(WeekDay)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(WeekDay))
+        self.assertEqual(len(WeekDay), 7)
+        target = 'SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY'
+        target = target.split()
+        for i, weekday in enumerate(target):
+            i += 1
+            e = WeekDay(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e), i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, weekday)
+            self.assertTrue(e in WeekDay)
+            self.assertEqual(lst.index(e)+1, i)
+            self.assertTrue(0 < e < 8)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is WeekDay)
+            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, int))
+            self.assertTrue(isinstance(e, Enum))
+
+    def test_intenum_duplicates(self):
+        class WeekDay(IntEnum):
+            __order__ = 'SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY'
+            SUNDAY = 1
+            MONDAY = 2
+            TUESDAY = TEUSDAY = 3
+            WEDNESDAY = 4
+            THURSDAY = 5
+            FRIDAY = 6
+            SATURDAY = 7
+        self.assertTrue(WeekDay.TEUSDAY is WeekDay.TUESDAY)
+        self.assertEqual(WeekDay(3).name, 'TUESDAY')
+        self.assertEqual([k for k,v in WeekDay.__members__.items()
+                if v.name != k], ['TEUSDAY', ])
+
+    def test_pickle_enum(self):
+        if isinstance(Stooges, Exception):
+            raise Stooges
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Stooges.CURLY)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Stooges)
+
+    def test_pickle_int(self):
+        if isinstance(IntStooges, Exception):
+            raise IntStooges
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, IntStooges.CURLY)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, IntStooges)
+
+    def test_pickle_float(self):
+        if isinstance(FloatStooges, Exception):
+            raise FloatStooges
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, FloatStooges.CURLY)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, FloatStooges)
+
+    def test_pickle_enum_function(self):
+        if isinstance(Answer, Exception):
+            raise Answer
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Answer.him)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Answer)
+
+    def test_pickle_enum_function_with_module(self):
+        if isinstance(Question, Exception):
+            raise Question
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Question.who)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Question)
+
+    if pyver >= 3.4:
+        def test_class_nested_enum_and_pickle_protocol_four(self):
+            # would normally just have this directly in the class namespace
+            class NestedEnum(Enum):
+                twigs = 'common'
+                shiny = 'rare'
+
+            self.__class__.NestedEnum = NestedEnum
+            self.NestedEnum.__qualname__ = '%s.NestedEnum' % self.__class__.__name__
+            test_pickle_exception(
+                    self.assertRaises, PicklingError, self.NestedEnum.twigs,
+                    protocol=(0, 3))
+            test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, self.NestedEnum.twigs,
+                    protocol=(4, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
+
+    def test_exploding_pickle(self):
+        BadPickle = Enum('BadPickle', 'dill sweet bread-n-butter')
+        enum._make_class_unpicklable(BadPickle)
+        globals()['BadPickle'] = BadPickle
+        test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, TypeError, BadPickle.dill)
+        test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, PicklingError, BadPickle)
+
+    def test_string_enum(self):
+        class SkillLevel(str, Enum):
+            master = 'what is the sound of one hand clapping?'
+            journeyman = 'why did the chicken cross the road?'
+            apprentice = 'knock, knock!'
+        self.assertEqual(SkillLevel.apprentice, 'knock, knock!')
+
+    def test_getattr_getitem(self):
+        class Period(Enum):
+            morning = 1
+            noon = 2
+            evening = 3
+            night = 4
+        self.assertTrue(Period(2) is Period.noon)
+        self.assertTrue(getattr(Period, 'night') is Period.night)
+        self.assertTrue(Period['morning'] is Period.morning)
+
+    def test_getattr_dunder(self):
+        Season = self.Season
+        self.assertTrue(getattr(Season, '__hash__'))
+
+    def test_iteration_order(self):
+        class Season(Enum):
+            __order__ = 'SUMMER WINTER AUTUMN SPRING'
+            SUMMER = 2
+            WINTER = 4
+            AUTUMN = 3
+            SPRING = 1
+        self.assertEqual(
+                list(Season),
+                [Season.SUMMER, Season.WINTER, Season.AUTUMN, Season.SPRING],
+                )
+
+    def test_programatic_function_string(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', 'june july august')
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_string_list(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', ['june', 'july', 'august'])
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_iterable(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum(
+                'SummerMonth',
+                (('june', 1), ('july', 2), ('august', 3))
+                )
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_from_dict(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum(
+                'SummerMonth',
+                dict((('june', 1), ('july', 2), ('august', 3)))
+                )
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        if pyver < 3.0:
+            self.assertEqual(
+                    [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                    lst,
+                    )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_type(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', 'june july august', type=int)
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_type_from_subclass(self):
+        SummerMonth = IntEnum('SummerMonth', 'june july august')
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate('june july august'.split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_unicode(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', unicode('june july august'))
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_unicode_list(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', [unicode('june'), unicode('july'), unicode('august')])
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_unicode_iterable(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum(
+                'SummerMonth',
+                ((unicode('june'), 1), (unicode('july'), 2), (unicode('august'), 3))
+                )
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_from_unicode_dict(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum(
+                'SummerMonth',
+                dict(((unicode('june'), 1), (unicode('july'), 2), (unicode('august'), 3)))
+                )
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        if pyver < 3.0:
+            self.assertEqual(
+                    [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                    lst,
+                    )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(int(e.value), i)
+            self.assertNotEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_unicode_type(self):
+        SummerMonth = Enum('SummerMonth', unicode('june july august'), type=int)
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_programatic_function_unicode_type_from_subclass(self):
+        SummerMonth = IntEnum('SummerMonth', unicode('june july august'))
+        lst = list(SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(len(lst), len(SummerMonth))
+        self.assertEqual(len(SummerMonth), 3, SummerMonth)
+        self.assertEqual(
+                [SummerMonth.june, SummerMonth.july, SummerMonth.august],
+                lst,
+                )
+        for i, month in enumerate(unicode('june july august').split()):
+            i += 1
+            e = SummerMonth(i)
+            self.assertEqual(e, i)
+            self.assertEqual(e.name, month)
+            self.assertTrue(e in SummerMonth)
+            self.assertTrue(type(e) is SummerMonth)
+
+    def test_subclassing(self):
+        if isinstance(Name, Exception):
+            raise Name
+        self.assertEqual(Name.BDFL, 'Guido van Rossum')
+        self.assertTrue(Name.BDFL, Name('Guido van Rossum'))
+        self.assertTrue(Name.BDFL is getattr(Name, 'BDFL'))
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, Name.BDFL)
+
+    def test_extending(self):
+        def bad_extension():
+            class Color(Enum):
+                red = 1
+                green = 2
+                blue = 3
+            class MoreColor(Color):
+                cyan = 4
+                magenta = 5
+                yellow = 6
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, bad_extension)
+
+    def test_exclude_methods(self):
+        class whatever(Enum):
+            this = 'that'
+            these = 'those'
+            def really(self):
+                return 'no, not %s' % self.value
+        self.assertFalse(type(whatever.really) is whatever)
+        self.assertEqual(whatever.this.really(), 'no, not that')
+
+    def test_wrong_inheritance_order(self):
+        def wrong_inherit():
+            class Wrong(Enum, str):
+                NotHere = 'error before this point'
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, wrong_inherit)
+
+    def test_intenum_transitivity(self):
+        class number(IntEnum):
+            one = 1
+            two = 2
+            three = 3
+        class numero(IntEnum):
+            uno = 1
+            dos = 2
+            tres = 3
+        self.assertEqual(number.one, numero.uno)
+        self.assertEqual(number.two, numero.dos)
+        self.assertEqual(number.three, numero.tres)
+
+    def test_introspection(self):
+        class Number(IntEnum):
+            one = 100
+            two = 200
+        self.assertTrue(Number.one._member_type_ is int)
+        self.assertTrue(Number._member_type_ is int)
+        class String(str, Enum):
+            yarn = 'soft'
+            rope = 'rough'
+            wire = 'hard'
+        self.assertTrue(String.yarn._member_type_ is str)
+        self.assertTrue(String._member_type_ is str)
+        class Plain(Enum):
+            vanilla = 'white'
+            one = 1
+        self.assertTrue(Plain.vanilla._member_type_ is object)
+        self.assertTrue(Plain._member_type_ is object)
+
+    def test_wrong_enum_in_call(self):
+        class Monochrome(Enum):
+            black = 0
+            white = 1
+        class Gender(Enum):
+            male = 0
+            female = 1
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, Monochrome, Gender.male)
+
+    def test_wrong_enum_in_mixed_call(self):
+        class Monochrome(IntEnum):
+            black = 0
+            white = 1
+        class Gender(Enum):
+            male = 0
+            female = 1
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, Monochrome, Gender.male)
+
+    def test_mixed_enum_in_call_1(self):
+        class Monochrome(IntEnum):
+            black = 0
+            white = 1
+        class Gender(IntEnum):
+            male = 0
+            female = 1
+        self.assertTrue(Monochrome(Gender.female) is Monochrome.white)
+
+    def test_mixed_enum_in_call_2(self):
+        class Monochrome(Enum):
+            black = 0
+            white = 1
+        class Gender(IntEnum):
+            male = 0
+            female = 1
+        self.assertTrue(Monochrome(Gender.male) is Monochrome.black)
+
+    def test_flufl_enum(self):
+        class Fluflnum(Enum):
+            def __int__(self):
+                return int(self.value)
+        class MailManOptions(Fluflnum):
+            option1 = 1
+            option2 = 2
+            option3 = 3
+        self.assertEqual(int(MailManOptions.option1), 1)
+
+    def test_no_such_enum_member(self):
+        class Color(Enum):
+            red = 1
+            green = 2
+            blue = 3
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, Color, 4)
+        self.assertRaises(KeyError, Color.__getitem__, 'chartreuse')
+
+    def test_new_repr(self):
+        class Color(Enum):
+            red = 1
+            green = 2
+            blue = 3
+            def __repr__(self):
+                return "don't you just love shades of %s?" % self.name
+        self.assertEqual(
+                repr(Color.blue),
+                "don't you just love shades of blue?",
+                )
+
+    def test_inherited_repr(self):
+        class MyEnum(Enum):
+            def __repr__(self):
+                return "My name is %s." % self.name
+        class MyIntEnum(int, MyEnum):
+            this = 1
+            that = 2
+            theother = 3
+        self.assertEqual(repr(MyIntEnum.that), "My name is that.")
+
+    def test_multiple_mixin_mro(self):
+        class auto_enum(EnumMeta):
+            def __new__(metacls, cls, bases, classdict):
+                original_dict = classdict
+                classdict = enum._EnumDict()
+                for k, v in original_dict.items():
+                    classdict[k] = v
+                temp = type(classdict)()
+                names = set(classdict._member_names)
+                i = 0
+                for k in classdict._member_names:
+                    v = classdict[k]
+                    if v == ():
+                        v = i
+                    else:
+                        i = v
+                    i += 1
+                    temp[k] = v
+                for k, v in classdict.items():
+                    if k not in names:
+                        temp[k] = v
+                return super(auto_enum, metacls).__new__(
+                        metacls, cls, bases, temp)
+
+        AutoNumberedEnum = auto_enum('AutoNumberedEnum', (Enum,), {})
+
+        AutoIntEnum = auto_enum('AutoIntEnum', (IntEnum,), {})
+
+        class TestAutoNumber(AutoNumberedEnum):
+            a = ()
+            b = 3
+            c = ()
+
+        class TestAutoInt(AutoIntEnum):
+            a = ()
+            b = 3
+            c = ()
+
+    def test_subclasses_with_getnewargs(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'  # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                if len(args) < 1:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __getnewargs__(self):
+                return self._args
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "%s(%r, %s)" % (type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '(%s + %s)' % (self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'  # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+        self.assertTrue(NEI.__new__ is Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI.y)
+
+    if pyver >= 3.4:
+        def test_subclasses_with_getnewargs_ex(self):
+            class NamedInt(int):
+                __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+                def __new__(cls, *args):
+                    _args = args
+                    if len(args) < 2:
+                        raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                    name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                    self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                    self._intname = name
+                    self._args = _args
+                    return self
+                def __getnewargs_ex__(self):
+                    return self._args, {}
+                @property
+                def __name__(self):
+                    return self._intname
+                def __repr__(self):
+                    # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                    return "{}({!r}, {})".format(type(self).__name__,
+                                                 self.__name__,
+                                                 int.__repr__(self))
+                def __str__(self):
+                    # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                    base = int
+                    base_str = base.__str__
+                    if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                        return base.__repr__(self)
+                    return base_str(self)
+                # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+                # propagates expressions
+                def __add__(self, other):
+                    temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                    if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                        return NamedInt(
+                            '({0} + {1})'.format(self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                            temp )
+                    else:
+                        return temp
+
+            class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+                __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+                x = ('the-x', 1)
+                y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+            self.assertIs(NEI.__new__, Enum.__new__)
+            self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+            globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+            globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+            NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+            self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+            test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5, protocol=(4, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
+            self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+            test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI.y, protocol=(4, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
+
+    def test_subclasses_with_reduce(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                if len(args) < 1:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __reduce__(self):
+                return self.__class__, self._args
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "%s(%r, %s)" % (type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '(%s + %s)' % (self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+        self.assertTrue(NEI.__new__ is Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI.y)
+
+    def test_subclasses_with_reduce_ex(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                if len(args) < 1:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __reduce_ex__(self, proto):
+                return self.__class__, self._args
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "%s(%r, %s)" % (type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '(%s + %s)' % (self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+        self.assertTrue(NEI.__new__ is Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI.y)
+
+    def test_subclasses_without_direct_pickle_support(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "%s(%r, %s)" % (type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '(%s + %s)' % (self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+        self.assertTrue(NEI.__new__ is Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, TypeError, NEI.x)
+        test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, PicklingError, NEI)
+
+    def test_subclasses_without_direct_pickle_support_using_name(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                name, args = args[0], args[1:]
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "%s(%r, %s)" % (type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '(%s + %s)' % (self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+            def __reduce_ex__(self, proto):
+                return getattr, (self.__class__, self._name_)
+
+        self.assertTrue(NEI.__new__ is Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI.y)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, NEI)
+
+    def test_tuple_subclass(self):
+        class SomeTuple(tuple, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'SomeTuple'
+            first = (1, 'for the money')
+            second = (2, 'for the show')
+            third = (3, 'for the music')
+        self.assertTrue(type(SomeTuple.first) is SomeTuple)
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(SomeTuple.second, tuple))
+        self.assertEqual(SomeTuple.third, (3, 'for the music'))
+        globals()['SomeTuple'] = SomeTuple
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertTrue, SomeTuple.first)
+
+    def test_duplicate_values_give_unique_enum_items(self):
+        class AutoNumber(Enum):
+            __order__ = 'enum_m enum_d enum_y'
+            enum_m = ()
+            enum_d = ()
+            enum_y = ()
+            def __new__(cls):
+                value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
+                obj = object.__new__(cls)
+                obj._value_ = value
+                return obj
+            def __int__(self):
+                return int(self._value_)
+        self.assertEqual(int(AutoNumber.enum_d), 2)
+        self.assertEqual(AutoNumber.enum_y.value, 3)
+        self.assertTrue(AutoNumber(1) is AutoNumber.enum_m)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            list(AutoNumber),
+            [AutoNumber.enum_m, AutoNumber.enum_d, AutoNumber.enum_y],
+            )
+
+    def test_inherited_new_from_enhanced_enum(self):
+        class AutoNumber2(Enum):
+            def __new__(cls):
+                value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
+                obj = object.__new__(cls)
+                obj._value_ = value
+                return obj
+            def __int__(self):
+                return int(self._value_)
+        class Color(AutoNumber2):
+            __order__ = 'red green blue'
+            red = ()
+            green = ()
+            blue = ()
+        self.assertEqual(len(Color), 3, "wrong number of elements: %d (should be %d)" % (len(Color), 3))
+        self.assertEqual(list(Color), [Color.red, Color.green, Color.blue])
+        if pyver >= 3.0:
+            self.assertEqual(list(map(int, Color)), [1, 2, 3])
+
+    def test_inherited_new_from_mixed_enum(self):
+        class AutoNumber3(IntEnum):
+            def __new__(cls):
+                value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
+                obj = int.__new__(cls, value)
+                obj._value_ = value
+                return obj
+        class Color(AutoNumber3):
+            red = ()
+            green = ()
+            blue = ()
+        self.assertEqual(len(Color), 3, "wrong number of elements: %d (should be %d)" % (len(Color), 3))
+        Color.red
+        Color.green
+        Color.blue
+
+    def test_ordered_mixin(self):
+        class OrderedEnum(Enum):
+            def __ge__(self, other):
+                if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+                    return self._value_ >= other._value_
+                return NotImplemented
+            def __gt__(self, other):
+                if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+                    return self._value_ > other._value_
+                return NotImplemented
+            def __le__(self, other):
+                if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+                    return self._value_ <= other._value_
+                return NotImplemented
+            def __lt__(self, other):
+                if self.__class__ is other.__class__:
+                    return self._value_ < other._value_
+                return NotImplemented
+        class Grade(OrderedEnum):
+            __order__ = 'A B C D F'
+            A = 5
+            B = 4
+            C = 3
+            D = 2
+            F = 1
+        self.assertEqual(list(Grade), [Grade.A, Grade.B, Grade.C, Grade.D, Grade.F])
+        self.assertTrue(Grade.A > Grade.B)
+        self.assertTrue(Grade.F <= Grade.C)
+        self.assertTrue(Grade.D < Grade.A)
+        self.assertTrue(Grade.B >= Grade.B)
+
+    def test_extending2(self):
+        def bad_extension():
+            class Shade(Enum):
+                def shade(self):
+                    print(self.name)
+            class Color(Shade):
+                red = 1
+                green = 2
+                blue = 3
+            class MoreColor(Color):
+                cyan = 4
+                magenta = 5
+                yellow = 6
+        self.assertRaises(TypeError, bad_extension)
+
+    def test_extending3(self):
+        class Shade(Enum):
+            def shade(self):
+                return self.name
+        class Color(Shade):
+            def hex(self):
+                return '%s hexlified!' % self.value
+        class MoreColor(Color):
+            cyan = 4
+            magenta = 5
+            yellow = 6
+        self.assertEqual(MoreColor.magenta.hex(), '5 hexlified!')
+
+    def test_no_duplicates(self):
+        def bad_duplicates():
+            class UniqueEnum(Enum):
+                def __init__(self, *args):
+                    cls = self.__class__
+                    if any(self.value == e.value for e in cls):
+                        a = self.name
+                        e = cls(self.value).name
+                        raise ValueError(
+                                "aliases not allowed in UniqueEnum:  %r --> %r"
+                                % (a, e)
+                                )
+            class Color(UniqueEnum):
+                red = 1
+                green = 2
+                blue = 3
+            class Color(UniqueEnum):
+                red = 1
+                green = 2
+                blue = 3
+                grene = 2
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError, bad_duplicates)
+
+    def test_reversed(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+                list(reversed(self.Season)),
+                [self.Season.WINTER, self.Season.AUTUMN, self.Season.SUMMER,
+                 self.Season.SPRING]
+                )
+
+    def test_init(self):
+        class Planet(Enum):
+            MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)
+            VENUS   = (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6)
+            EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)
+            MARS    = (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6)
+            JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)
+            SATURN  = (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7)
+            URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)
+            NEPTUNE = (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7)
+            def __init__(self, mass, radius):
+                self.mass = mass       # in kilograms
+                self.radius = radius   # in meters
+            @property
+            def surface_gravity(self):
+                # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)
+                G = 6.67300E-11
+                return G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)
+        self.assertEqual(round(Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity, 2), 9.80)
+        self.assertEqual(Planet.EARTH.value, (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6))
+
+    def test_nonhash_value(self):
+        class AutoNumberInAList(Enum):
+            def __new__(cls):
+                value = [len(cls.__members__) + 1]
+                obj = object.__new__(cls)
+                obj._value_ = value
+                return obj
+        class ColorInAList(AutoNumberInAList):
+            __order__ = 'red green blue'
+            red = ()
+            green = ()
+            blue = ()
+        self.assertEqual(list(ColorInAList), [ColorInAList.red, ColorInAList.green, ColorInAList.blue])
+        self.assertEqual(ColorInAList.red.value, [1])
+        self.assertEqual(ColorInAList([1]), ColorInAList.red)
+
+    def test_conflicting_types_resolved_in_new(self):
+        class LabelledIntEnum(int, Enum):
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                value, label = args
+                obj = int.__new__(cls, value)
+                obj.label = label
+                obj._value_ = value
+                return obj
+
+        class LabelledList(LabelledIntEnum):
+            unprocessed = (1, "Unprocessed")
+            payment_complete = (2, "Payment Complete")
+
+        self.assertEqual(list(LabelledList), [LabelledList.unprocessed, LabelledList.payment_complete])
+        self.assertEqual(LabelledList.unprocessed, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(LabelledList(1), LabelledList.unprocessed)
+
+class TestUnique(unittest.TestCase):
+    """2.4 doesn't allow class decorators, use function syntax."""
+
+    def test_unique_clean(self):
+        class Clean(Enum):
+            one = 1
+            two = 'dos'
+            tres = 4.0
+        unique(Clean)
+        class Cleaner(IntEnum):
+            single = 1
+            double = 2
+            triple = 3
+        unique(Cleaner)
+
+    def test_unique_dirty(self):
+        try:
+            class Dirty(Enum):
+                __order__ = 'one two tres'
+                one = 1
+                two = 'dos'
+                tres = 1
+            unique(Dirty)
+        except ValueError:
+            exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            message = exc.args[0]
+        self.assertTrue('tres -> one' in message)
+
+        try:
+            class Dirtier(IntEnum):
+                __order__ = 'single double triple turkey'
+                single = 1
+                double = 1
+                triple = 3
+                turkey = 3
+            unique(Dirtier)
+        except ValueError:
+            exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            message = exc.args[0]
+        self.assertTrue('double -> single' in message)
+        self.assertTrue('turkey -> triple' in message)
+
+
+class TestMe(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    pass
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba5c36d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import os

+import sys

+from distutils.core import setup

+

+if sys.version_info[:2] < (2, 7):

+    required = ['ordereddict']

+else:

+    required = []

+

+long_desc = open('enum/doc/enum.rst').read()

+

+setup( name='enum34',

+       version='1.0',

+       url='https://pypi.python.org/pypi/enum34',

+       packages=['enum'],

+       package_data={

+           'enum' : [

+               'LICENSE',

+               'README',

+               'doc/enum.rst',

+               'doc/enum.pdf',

+               'test_enum.py',

+               ]

+           },

+       license='BSD License',

+       description='Python 3.4 Enum backported to 3.3, 3.2, 3.1, 2.7, 2.6, 2.5, and 2.4',

+       long_description=long_desc,

+       provides=['enum'],

+       install_requires=required,

+       author='Ethan Furman',

+       author_email='ethan@stoneleaf.us',

+       classifiers=[

+            'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',

+            'Intended Audience :: Developers',

+            'License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License',

+            'Programming Language :: Python',

+            'Topic :: Software Development',

+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.4',

+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.5',

+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',

+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',

+            'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',

+            ],

+    )