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authorBram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>2010-06-03 20:25:18 +0200
committerBram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>2010-06-03 20:25:18 +0200
commit9160441955bc6aae91bc2d3ca415b410bad36403 (patch)
tree0b316d24d9356ae1adc6aea65a20f7fc5c94b32d /runtime/doc/helphelp.txt
parentbbd6afe03e138886f70989f31be110726ca077d8 (diff)
downloadvim-git-9160441955bc6aae91bc2d3ca415b410bad36403.tar.gz
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+*helphelp.txt* For Vim version 7.3a. Last change: 2008 Jul 21
+
+
+ VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
+
+
+Help on help files *helphelp*
+
+1. Help commands |online-help|
+2. Translating help files |help-translated|
+3. Writing help files |help-writing|
+
+==============================================================================
+1. Help commands *online-help*
+
+ *help* *<Help>* *:h* *:help* *<F1>* *i_<F1>* *i_<Help>*
+<Help> or
+:h[elp] Open a window and display the help file in read-only
+ mode. If there is a help window open already, use
+ that one. Otherwise, if the current window uses the
+ full width of the screen or is at least 80 characters
+ wide, the help window will appear just above the
+ current window. Otherwise the new window is put at
+ the very top.
+ The 'helplang' option is used to select a language, if
+ the main help file is available in several languages.
+ {not in Vi}
+
+ *{subject}* *E149* *E661*
+:h[elp] {subject} Like ":help", additionally jump to the tag {subject}.
+ {subject} can include wildcards like "*", "?" and
+ "[a-z]":
+ :help z? jump to help for any "z" command
+ :help z. jump to the help for "z."
+ If there is no full match for the pattern, or there
+ are several matches, the "best" match will be used.
+ A sophisticated algorithm is used to decide which
+ match is better than another one. These items are
+ considered in the computation:
+ - A match with same case is much better than a match
+ with different case.
+ - A match that starts after a non-alphanumeric
+ character is better than a match in the middle of a
+ word.
+ - A match at or near the beginning of the tag is
+ better than a match further on.
+ - The more alphanumeric characters match, the better.
+ - The shorter the length of the match, the better.
+
+ The 'helplang' option is used to select a language, if
+ the {subject} is available in several languages.
+ To find a tag in a specific language, append "@ab",
+ where "ab" is the two-letter language code. See
+ |help-translated|.
+
+ Note that the longer the {subject} you give, the less
+ matches will be found. You can get an idea how this
+ all works by using commandline completion (type CTRL-D
+ after ":help subject" |c_CTRL-D|).
+ If there are several matches, you can have them listed
+ by hitting CTRL-D. Example: >
+ :help cont<Ctrl-D>
+< To use a regexp |pattern|, first do ":help" and then
+ use ":tag {pattern}" in the help window. The
+ ":tnext" command can then be used to jump to other
+ matches, "tselect" to list matches and choose one. >
+ :help index| :tse z.
+< When there is no argument you will see matches for
+ "help", to avoid listing all possible matches (that
+ would be very slow).
+ The number of matches displayed is limited to 300.
+
+ This command can be followed by '|' and another
+ command, but you don't need to escape the '|' inside a
+ help command. So these both work: >
+ :help |
+ :help k| only
+< Note that a space before the '|' is seen as part of
+ the ":help" argument.
+ You can also use <LF> or <CR> to separate the help
+ command from a following command. You need to type
+ CTRL-V first to insert the <LF> or <CR>. Example: >
+ :help so<C-V><CR>only
+< {not in Vi}
+
+:h[elp]! [subject] Like ":help", but in non-English help files prefer to
+ find a tag in a file with the same language as the
+ current file. See |help-translated|.
+
+ *:helpg* *:helpgrep*
+:helpg[rep] {pattern}[@xx]
+ Search all help text files and make a list of lines
+ in which {pattern} matches. Jumps to the first match.
+ The optional [@xx] specifies that only matches in the
+ "xx" language are to be found.
+ You can navigate through the matches with the
+ |quickfix| commands, e.g., |:cnext| to jump to the
+ next one. Or use |:cwindow| to get the list of
+ matches in the quickfix window.
+ {pattern} is used as a Vim regexp |pattern|.
+ 'ignorecase' is not used, add "\c" to ignore case.
+ Example for case sensitive search: >
+ :helpgrep Uganda
+< Example for case ignoring search: >
+ :helpgrep uganda\c
+< Example for searching in French help: >
+ :helpgrep backspace@fr
+< The pattern does not support line breaks, it must
+ match within one line. You can use |:grep| instead,
+ but then you need to get the list of help files in a
+ complicated way.
+ Cannot be followed by another command, everything is
+ used as part of the pattern. But you can use
+ |:execute| when needed.
+ Compressed help files will not be searched (Fedora
+ compresses the help files).
+ {not in Vi}
+
+ *:lh* *:lhelpgrep*
+:lh[elpgrep] {pattern}[@xx]
+ Same as ":helpgrep", except the location list is used
+ instead of the quickfix list. If the help window is
+ already opened, then the location list for that window
+ is used. Otherwise, a new help window is opened and
+ the location list for that window is set. The
+ location list for the current window is not changed.
+
+ *:exu* *:exusage*
+:exu[sage] Show help on Ex commands. Added to simulate the Nvi
+ command. {not in Vi}
+
+ *:viu* *:viusage*
+:viu[sage] Show help on Normal mode commands. Added to simulate
+ the Nvi command. {not in Vi}
+
+When no argument is given to |:help| the file given with the 'helpfile' option
+will be opened. Otherwise the specified tag is searched for in all "doc/tags"
+files in the directories specified in the 'runtimepath' option.
+
+The initial height of the help window can be set with the 'helpheight' option
+(default 20).
+
+Jump to specific subjects by using tags. This can be done in two ways:
+- Use the "CTRL-]" command while standing on the name of a command or option.
+ This only works when the tag is a keyword. "<C-Leftmouse>" and
+ "g<LeftMouse>" work just like "CTRL-]".
+- use the ":ta {subject}" command. This also works with non-keyword
+ characters.
+
+Use CTRL-T or CTRL-O to jump back.
+Use ":q" to close the help window.
+
+If there are several matches for an item you are looking for, this is how you
+can jump to each one of them:
+1. Open a help window
+2. Use the ":tag" command with a slash prepended to the tag. E.g.: >
+ :tag /min
+3. Use ":tnext" to jump to the next matching tag.
+
+It is possible to add help files for plugins and other items. You don't need
+to change the distributed help files for that. See |add-local-help|.
+
+To write a local help file, see |write-local-help|.
+
+Note that the title lines from the local help files are automagically added to
+the "LOCAL ADDITIONS" section in the "help.txt" help file |local-additions|.
+This is done when viewing the file in Vim, the file itself is not changed. It
+is done by going through all help files and obtaining the first line of each
+file. The files in $VIMRUNTIME/doc are skipped.
+
+ *help-xterm-window*
+If you want to have the help in another xterm window, you could use this
+command: >
+ :!xterm -e vim +help &
+<
+
+ *:helpfind* *:helpf*
+:helpf[ind] Like |:help|, but use a dialog to enter the argument.
+ Only for backwards compatibility. It now executes the
+ ToolBar.FindHelp menu entry instead of using a builtin
+ dialog. {only when compiled with |+GUI_GTK|}
+< {not in Vi}
+
+ *:helpt* *:helptags*
+ *E154* *E150* *E151* *E152* *E153* *E670*
+:helpt[ags] [++t] {dir}
+ Generate the help tags file(s) for directory {dir}.
+ All "*.txt" and "*.??x" files in the directory are
+ scanned for a help tag definition in between stars.
+ The "*.??x" files are for translated docs, they
+ generate the "tags-??" file, see |help-translated|.
+ The generated tags files are sorted.
+ When there are duplicates an error message is given.
+ An existing tags file is silently overwritten.
+ The optional "++t" argument forces adding the
+ "help-tags" tag. This is also done when the {dir} is
+ equal to $VIMRUNTIME/doc.
+ To rebuild the help tags in the runtime directory
+ (requires write permission there): >
+ :helptags $VIMRUNTIME/doc
+< {not in Vi}
+
+
+==============================================================================
+2. Translated help files *help-translated*
+
+It is possible to add translated help files, next to the original English help
+files. Vim will search for all help in "doc" directories in 'runtimepath'.
+This is only available when compiled with the |+multi_lang| feature.
+
+At this moment translations are available for:
+ Chinese - multiple authors
+ French - translated by David Blanchet
+ Italian - translated by Antonio Colombo
+ Polish - translated by Mikolaj Machowski
+ Russian - translated by Vassily Ragosin
+See the Vim website to find them: http://www.vim.org/translations.php
+
+A set of translated help files consists of these files:
+
+ help.abx
+ howto.abx
+ ...
+ tags-ab
+
+"ab" is the two-letter language code. Thus for Italian the names are:
+
+ help.itx
+ howto.itx
+ ...
+ tags-it
+
+The 'helplang' option can be set to the preferred language(s). The default is
+set according to the environment. Vim will first try to find a matching tag
+in the preferred language(s). English is used when it cannot be found.
+
+To find a tag in a specific language, append "@ab" to a tag, where "ab" is the
+two-letter language code. Example: >
+ :he user-manual@it
+ :he user-manual@en
+The first one finds the Italian user manual, even when 'helplang' is empty.
+The second one finds the English user manual, even when 'helplang' is set to
+"it".
+
+When using command-line completion for the ":help" command, the "@en"
+extension is only shown when a tag exists for multiple languages. When the
+tag only exists for English "@en" is omitted.
+
+When using |CTRL-]| or ":help!" in a non-English help file Vim will try to
+find the tag in the same language. If not found then 'helplang' will be used
+to select a language.
+
+Help files must use latin1 or utf-8 encoding. Vim assumes the encoding is
+utf-8 when finding non-ASCII characters in the first line. Thus you must
+translate the header with "For Vim version".
+
+The same encoding must be used for the help files of one language in one
+directory. You can use a different encoding for different languages and use
+a different encoding for help files of the same language but in a different
+directory.
+
+Hints for translators:
+- Do not translate the tags. This makes it possible to use 'helplang' to
+ specify the preferred language. You may add new tags in your language.
+- When you do not translate a part of a file, add tags to the English version,
+ using the "tag@en" notation.
+- Make a package with all the files and the tags file available for download.
+ Users can drop it in one of the "doc" directories and start use it.
+ Report this to Bram, so that he can add a link on www.vim.org.
+- Use the |:helptags| command to generate the tags files. It will find all
+ languages in the specified directory.
+
+==============================================================================
+3. Writing help files *help-writing*
+
+TODO
+
+ vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: