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|
; -*- fundamental -*- (asm-mode sucks)
; ****************************************************************************
;
; extlinux.asm
;
; A program to boot Linux kernels off an ext2/ext3 filesystem.
;
; Copyright 1994-2009 H. Peter Anvin - All Rights Reserved
; Copyright 2009 Intel Corporation; author: H. Peter Anvin
;
; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
; the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 53 Temple Place Ste 330,
; Boston MA 02111-1307, USA; either version 2 of the License, or
; (at your option) any later version; incorporated herein by reference.
;
; ****************************************************************************
%define IS_EXTLINUX 1
%include "head.inc"
%include "ext2_fs.inc"
;
; Some semi-configurable constants... change on your own risk.
;
my_id equ extlinux_id
; NASM 0.98.38 croaks if these are equ's rather than macros...
FILENAME_MAX_LG2 equ 8 ; log2(Max filename size Including final null)
FILENAME_MAX equ (1 << FILENAME_MAX_LG2) ; Max mangled filename size
NULLFILE equ 0 ; Null character == empty filename
NULLOFFSET equ 0 ; Position in which to look
retry_count equ 16 ; How patient are we with the disk?
%assign HIGHMEM_SLOP 0 ; Avoid this much memory near the top
LDLINUX_MAGIC equ 0x3eb202fe ; A random number to identify ourselves with
MAX_OPEN_LG2 equ 6 ; log2(Max number of open files)
MAX_OPEN equ (1 << MAX_OPEN_LG2)
SECTOR_SHIFT equ 9
SECTOR_SIZE equ (1 << SECTOR_SHIFT)
MAX_SYMLINKS equ 64 ; Maximum number of symlinks per lookup
SYMLINK_SECTORS equ 2 ; Max number of sectors in a symlink
; (should be >= FILENAME_MAX)
ROOT_DIR_WORD equ 0x002F
CUR_DIR_DWORD equ 0x00002F2E
;
; The following structure is used for "virtual kernels"; i.e. LILO-style
; option labels. The options we permit here are `kernel' and `append
; Since there is no room in the bottom 64K for all of these, we
; stick them in high memory and copy them down before we need them.
;
struc vkernel
vk_vname: resb FILENAME_MAX ; Virtual name **MUST BE FIRST!**
vk_rname: resb FILENAME_MAX ; Real name
vk_appendlen: resw 1
vk_type: resb 1 ; Type of file
alignb 4
vk_append: resb max_cmd_len+1 ; Command line
alignb 4
vk_end: equ $ ; Should be <= vk_size
endstruc
;
; File structure. This holds the information for each currently open file.
;
struc open_file_t
file_bytesleft resd 1 ; Number of bytes left (0 = free)
file_sector resd 1 ; Next linear sector to read
file_in_sec resd 1 ; Sector where inode lives
file_in_off resw 1
file_mode resw 1
endstruc
%ifndef DEPEND
%if (open_file_t_size & (open_file_t_size-1))
%error "open_file_t is not a power of 2"
%endif
%endif
; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
; BEGIN CODE
; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Memory below this point is reserved for the BIOS and the MBR
;
section .earlybss
trackbufsize equ 8192
trackbuf resb trackbufsize ; Track buffer goes here
; ends at 2800h
section .bss16
SuperBlock resb 1024 ; ext2 superblock
ClustSize resd 1 ; Bytes/cluster ("block")
ClustMask resd 1 ; Sectors/cluster - 1
PtrsPerBlock1 resd 1 ; Pointers/cluster
PtrsPerBlock2 resd 1 ; (Pointers/cluster)^2
ClustShift resb 1 ; Shift count for sectors/cluster
ClustByteShift resb 1 ; Shift count for bytes/cluster
alignb open_file_t_size
Files resb MAX_OPEN*open_file_t_size
;
; Common bootstrap code for disk-based derivatives
;
%include "diskstart.inc"
;
; Common initialization code
;
%include "init.inc"
%include "cpuinit.inc"
;
; Load the real (ext2) superblock; 1024 bytes long at offset 1024
;
mov bx,SuperBlock
mov eax,1024 >> SECTOR_SHIFT
mov bp,ax
call getlinsec
;
; Compute some values...
;
xor edx,edx
inc edx
; s_log_block_size = log2(blocksize) - 10
mov cl,[SuperBlock+s_log_block_size]
add cl,10
mov [ClustByteShift],cl
mov eax,edx
shl eax,cl
mov [ClustSize],eax
sub cl,SECTOR_SHIFT
mov [ClustShift],cl
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT
mov [SecPerClust],eax
dec eax
mov [ClustMask],eax
add cl,SECTOR_SHIFT-2 ; 4 bytes/pointer
shl edx,cl
mov [PtrsPerBlock1],edx
shl edx,cl
mov [PtrsPerBlock2],edx
;
; Initialize the metadata cache
;
call initcache
;
; Now, everything is "up and running"... patch kaboom for more
; verbosity and using the full screen system
;
; E9 = JMP NEAR
mov di,kaboom.patch
mov al,0e9h
stosb
mov ax,kaboom2-2
sub ax,di
stosw
;
; Now we're all set to start with our *real* business. First load the
; configuration file (if any) and parse it.
;
; In previous versions I avoided using 32-bit registers because of a
; rumour some BIOSes clobbered the upper half of 32-bit registers at
; random. I figure, though, that if there are any of those still left
; they probably won't be trying to install Linux on them...
;
; The code is still ripe with 16-bitisms, though. Not worth the hassle
; to take'm out. In fact, we may want to put them back if we're going
; to boot ELKS at some point.
;
;
; Load configuration file
;
load_config:
mov si,config_name ; Save config file name
mov di,ConfigName
call strcpy
mov dword [CurrentDirName],CUR_DIR_DWORD ; Write './',0,0 to the CurrentDirName
call build_curdir_str
mov di,ConfigName
call open
jz no_config_file
;
; Now we have the config file open. Parse the config file and
; run the user interface.
;
%include "ui.inc"
;
; getlinsec_ext: same as getlinsec, except load any sector from the zero
; block as all zeros; use to load any data derived
; from an ext2 block pointer, i.e. anything *except the
; superblock.*
;
getonesec_ext:
mov bp,1
getlinsec_ext:
cmp eax,[SecPerClust]
jae getlinsec ; Nothing fancy
; If we get here, at least part of what we want is in the
; zero block. Zero one sector at a time and loop.
push eax
push cx
xchg di,bx
xor eax,eax
mov cx,SECTOR_SIZE >> 2
rep stosd
xchg di,bx
pop cx
pop eax
inc eax
dec bp
jnz getlinsec_ext
ret
;
; allocate_file: Allocate a file structure
;
; If successful:
; ZF set
; BX = file pointer
; In unsuccessful:
; ZF clear
;
allocate_file:
TRACER 'a'
push cx
mov bx,Files
mov cx,MAX_OPEN
.check: cmp dword [bx], byte 0
je .found
add bx,open_file_t_size ; ZF = 0
loop .check
; ZF = 0 if we fell out of the loop
.found: pop cx
ret
;
; open_inode:
; Open a file indicated by an inode number in EAX
;
; NOTE: This file considers finding a zero-length file an
; error. This is so we don't have to deal with that special
; case elsewhere in the program (most loops have the test
; at the end).
;
; If successful:
; ZF clear
; SI = file pointer
; EAX = file length in bytes
; ThisInode = the first 128 bytes of the inode
; If unsuccessful
; ZF set
;
; Assumes CS == DS == ES.
;
open_inode.allocate_failure:
xor eax,eax
pop bx
pop di
ret
open_inode:
push di
push bx
call allocate_file
jnz .allocate_failure
push cx
push gs
; First, get the appropriate inode group and index
dec eax ; There is no inode 0
xor edx,edx
mov [bx+file_sector],edx
div dword [SuperBlock+s_inodes_per_group]
; EAX = inode group; EDX = inode within group
push edx
; Now, we need the block group descriptor.
; To get that, we first need the relevant descriptor block.
shl eax, ext2_group_desc_lg2size ; Get byte offset in desc table
xor edx,edx
div dword [ClustSize]
; eax = block #, edx = offset in block
add eax,dword [SuperBlock+s_first_data_block]
inc eax ; s_first_data_block+1
mov cl,[ClustShift]
shl eax,cl
push edx
shr edx,SECTOR_SHIFT
add eax,edx
pop edx
and dx,SECTOR_SIZE-1
call getcachesector ; Get the group descriptor
add si,dx
mov esi,[gs:si+bg_inode_table] ; Get inode table block #
pop eax ; Get inode within group
movzx edx, word [SuperBlock+s_inode_size]
mul edx
; edx:eax = byte offset in inode table
div dword [ClustSize]
; eax = block # versus inode table, edx = offset in block
add eax,esi
shl eax,cl ; Turn into sector
push dx
shr edx,SECTOR_SHIFT
add eax,edx
mov [bx+file_in_sec],eax
pop dx
and dx,SECTOR_SIZE-1
mov [bx+file_in_off],dx
call getcachesector
add si,dx
mov cx,EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE >> 2
mov di,ThisInode
gs rep movsd
mov ax,[ThisInode+i_mode]
mov [bx+file_mode],ax
mov eax,[ThisInode+i_size]
mov [bx+file_bytesleft],eax
mov si,bx
and eax,eax ; ZF clear unless zero-length file
pop gs
pop cx
pop bx
pop di
ret
section .bss16
alignb 4
ThisInode resb EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE ; The most recently opened inode
section .text16
;
; close_file:
; Deallocates a file structure (pointer in SI)
; Assumes CS == DS.
;
close_file:
and si,si
jz .closed
mov dword [si],0 ; First dword == file_bytesleft
xor si,si
.closed: ret
;
; searchdir:
; Search the root directory for a pre-mangled filename in DS:DI.
;
; NOTE: This file considers finding a zero-length file an
; error. This is so we don't have to deal with that special
; case elsewhere in the program (most loops have the test
; at the end).
;
; If successful:
; ZF clear
; SI = file pointer
; DX:AX = EAX = file length in bytes
; If unsuccessful
; ZF set
;
; Assumes CS == DS == ES; *** IS THIS CORRECT ***?
;
searchdir:
push bx
push cx
push bp
mov byte [SymlinkCtr],MAX_SYMLINKS
mov eax,[CurrentDir]
.begin_path:
.leadingslash:
cmp byte [di],'/' ; Absolute filename?
jne .gotdir
mov eax,EXT2_ROOT_INO
inc di ; Skip slash
jmp .leadingslash
.gotdir:
; At this point, EAX contains the directory inode,
; and DS:DI contains a pathname tail.
.open:
push eax ; Save directory inode
call open_inode
jz .missing ; If error, done
mov cx,[si+file_mode]
shr cx,S_IFSHIFT ; Get file type
cmp cx,T_IFDIR
je .directory
add sp,4 ; Drop directory inode
cmp cx,T_IFREG
je .file
cmp cx,T_IFLNK
je .symlink
; Otherwise, something bad...
.err:
call close_file
.err_noclose:
xor eax,eax
xor si,si
cwd ; DX <- 0
.done:
and eax,eax ; Set/clear ZF
pop bp
pop cx
pop bx
ret
.missing:
add sp,4 ; Drop directory inode
jmp .done
;
; It's a file.
;
.file:
cmp byte [di],0 ; End of path?
je .done ; If so, done
jmp .err ; Otherwise, error
;
; It's a directory.
;
.directory:
pop dword [ThisDir] ; Remember what directory we're searching
cmp byte [di],0 ; More path?
je .err ; If not, bad
.skipslash: ; Skip redundant slashes
cmp byte [di],'/'
jne .readdir
inc di
jmp .skipslash
.readdir:
mov cx,[SecPerClust]
push cx
shl cx,SECTOR_SHIFT
mov bx,trackbuf
add cx,bx
mov [EndBlock],cx
pop cx
push bx
call getfssec
pop bx
pushf ; Save EOF flag
push si ; Save filesystem pointer
.getent:
cmp bx,[EndBlock]
jae .endblock
push di
cmp dword [bx+d_inode],0 ; Zero inode = void entry
je .nope
movzx cx,byte [bx+d_name_len]
lea si,[bx+d_name]
repe cmpsb
je .maybe
.nope:
pop di
add bx,[bx+d_rec_len]
jmp .getent
.endblock:
pop si
popf
jnc .readdir ; There is more
jmp .err ; Otherwise badness...
.maybe:
mov eax,[bx+d_inode]
; Does this match the end of the requested filename?
cmp byte [di],0
je .finish
cmp byte [di],'/'
jne .nope
; We found something; now we need to open the file
.finish:
pop bx ; Adjust stack (di)
pop si
call close_file ; Close directory
pop bx ; Adjust stack (flags)
jmp .open
;
; It's a symlink. We have to determine if it's a fast symlink
; (data stored in the inode) or not (data stored as a regular
; file.) Either which way, we start from the directory
; which we just visited if relative, or from the root directory
; if absolute, and append any remaining part of the path.
;
.symlink:
dec byte [SymlinkCtr]
jz .err ; Too many symlink references
cmp eax,SYMLINK_SECTORS*SECTOR_SIZE
jae .err ; Symlink too long
; Computation for fast symlink, as defined by ext2/3 spec
xor ecx,ecx
cmp [ThisInode+i_file_acl],ecx
setne cl ; ECX <- i_file_acl ? 1 : 0
cmp [ThisInode+i_blocks],ecx
jne .slow_symlink
; It's a fast symlink
.fast_symlink:
call close_file ; We've got all we need
mov si,ThisInode+i_block
push di
mov di,SymlinkTmpBuf
mov ecx,eax
rep movsb
pop si
.symlink_finish:
cmp byte [si],0
je .no_slash
mov al,'/'
stosb
.no_slash:
mov bp,SymlinkTmpBufEnd
call strecpy
jc .err_noclose ; Buffer overflow
; Now copy it to the "real" buffer; we need to have
; two buffers so we avoid overwriting the tail on the
; next copy
mov si,SymlinkTmpBuf
mov di,SymlinkBuf
push di
call strcpy
pop di
mov eax,[ThisDir] ; Resume searching previous directory
jmp .begin_path
.slow_symlink:
mov bx,SymlinkTmpBuf
mov cx,SYMLINK_SECTORS
call getfssec
; The EOF closed the file
mov si,di ; SI = filename tail
mov di,SymlinkTmpBuf
add di,ax ; AX = file length
jmp .symlink_finish
section .bss16
alignb 4
SymlinkBuf resb SYMLINK_SECTORS*SECTOR_SIZE+64
SymlinkTmpBuf equ trackbuf
SymlinkTmpBufEnd equ trackbuf+SYMLINK_SECTORS*SECTOR_SIZE+64
ThisDir resd 1
EndBlock resw 1
SymlinkCtr resb 1
section .text16
;
; mangle_name: Mangle a filename pointed to by DS:SI into a buffer pointed
; to by ES:DI; ends on encountering any whitespace.
; DI is preserved.
;
; This verifies that a filename is < FILENAME_MAX characters,
; doesn't contain whitespace, zero-pads the output buffer,
; and removes redundant slashes,
; so "repe cmpsb" can do a compare, and the
; path-searching routine gets a bit of an easier job.
;
; FIX: we may want to support \-escapes here (and this would
; be the place.)
;
mangle_name:
push di
push bx
xor ax,ax
mov cx,FILENAME_MAX-1
mov bx,di
.mn_loop:
lodsb
cmp al,' ' ; If control or space, end
jna .mn_end
cmp al,ah ; Repeated slash?
je .mn_skip
xor ah,ah
cmp al,'/'
jne .mn_ok
mov ah,al
.mn_ok stosb
.mn_skip: loop .mn_loop
.mn_end:
cmp bx,di ; At the beginning of the buffer?
jbe .mn_zero
cmp byte [di-1],'/' ; Terminal slash?
jne .mn_zero
.mn_kill: dec di ; If so, remove it
inc cx
jmp short .mn_end
.mn_zero:
inc cx ; At least one null byte
xor ax,ax ; Zero-fill name
rep stosb
pop bx
pop di
ret ; Done
;
; unmangle_name: Does the opposite of mangle_name; converts a DOS-mangled
; filename to the conventional representation. This is needed
; for the BOOT_IMAGE= parameter for the kernel.
;
; DS:SI -> input mangled file name
; ES:DI -> output buffer
;
; On return, DI points to the first byte after the output name,
; which is set to a null byte.
;
unmangle_name: call strcpy
dec di ; Point to final null byte
ret
;
;
; kaboom2: once everything is loaded, replace the part of kaboom
; starting with "kaboom.patch" with this part
kaboom2:
mov si,err_bootfailed
call writestr
cmp byte [kaboom.again+1],18h ; INT 18h version?
je .int18
call getchar
call vgaclearmode
int 19h ; And try once more to boot...
.norge: jmp short .norge ; If int 19h returned; this is the end
.int18:
call vgaclearmode
int 18h
.noreg: jmp short .noreg ; Nynorsk
;
; linsector: Convert a linear sector index in a file to a linear sector number
; EAX -> linear sector number
; DS:SI -> open_file_t
;
; Returns next sector number in EAX; CF on EOF (not an error!)
;
linsector:
push gs
push ebx
push esi
push edi
push ecx
push edx
push ebp
push eax ; Save sector index
mov cl,[ClustShift]
shr eax,cl ; Convert to block number
push eax
mov eax,[si+file_in_sec]
mov bx,si
call getcachesector ; Get inode
add si,[bx+file_in_off] ; Get *our* inode
pop eax
lea ebx,[i_block+4*eax]
cmp eax,EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS
jb .direct
mov ebx,i_block+4*EXT2_IND_BLOCK
sub eax,EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS
mov ebp,[PtrsPerBlock1]
cmp eax,ebp
jb .ind1
mov ebx,i_block+4*EXT2_DIND_BLOCK
sub eax,ebp
mov ebp,[PtrsPerBlock2]
cmp eax,ebp
jb .ind2
mov ebx,i_block+4*EXT2_TIND_BLOCK
sub eax,ebp
.ind3:
; Triple indirect; eax contains the block no
; with respect to the start of the tind area;
; ebx contains the pointer to the tind block.
xor edx,edx
div dword [PtrsPerBlock2]
; EAX = which dind block, EDX = pointer within dind block
push ax
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT-2
mov ebp,[gs:si+bx]
shl ebp,cl
add eax,ebp
call getcachesector
pop bx
and bx,(SECTOR_SIZE >> 2)-1
shl bx,2
mov eax,edx ; The ind2 code wants the remainder...
.ind2:
; Double indirect; eax contains the block no
; with respect to the start of the dind area;
; ebx contains the pointer to the dind block.
xor edx,edx
div dword [PtrsPerBlock1]
; EAX = which ind block, EDX = pointer within ind block
push ax
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT-2
mov ebp,[gs:si+bx]
shl ebp,cl
add eax,ebp
call getcachesector
pop bx
and bx,(SECTOR_SIZE >> 2)-1
shl bx,2
mov eax,edx ; The int1 code wants the remainder...
.ind1:
; Single indirect; eax contains the block no
; with respect to the start of the ind area;
; ebx contains the pointer to the ind block.
push ax
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT-2
mov ebp,[gs:si+bx]
shl ebp,cl
add eax,ebp
call getcachesector
pop bx
and bx,(SECTOR_SIZE >> 2)-1
shl bx,2
.direct:
mov ebx,[gs:bx+si] ; Get the pointer
pop eax ; Get the sector index again
shl ebx,cl ; Convert block number to sector
and eax,[ClustMask] ; Add offset within block
add eax,ebx
pop ebp
pop edx
pop ecx
pop edi
pop esi
pop ebx
pop gs
ret
;
; getfssec: Get multiple sectors from a file
;
; Same as above, except SI is a pointer to a open_file_t
;
; ES:BX -> Buffer
; DS:SI -> Pointer to open_file_t
; CX -> Sector count (0FFFFh = until end of file)
; Must not exceed the ES segment
; Returns CF=1 on EOF (not necessarily error)
; On return ECX = number of bytes read
; All arguments are advanced to reflect data read.
;
getfssec:
push ebp
push eax
push edx
push edi
movzx ecx,cx
push ecx ; Sectors requested read
mov eax,[si+file_bytesleft]
add eax,SECTOR_SIZE-1
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT
cmp ecx,eax ; Number of sectors left
jbe .lenok
mov cx,ax
.lenok:
.getfragment:
mov eax,[si+file_sector] ; Current start index
mov edi,eax
call linsector
push eax ; Fragment start sector
mov edx,eax
xor ebp,ebp ; Fragment sector count
.getseccnt:
inc bp
dec cx
jz .do_read
xor eax,eax
mov ax,es
shl ax,4
add ax,bx ; Now DI = how far into 64K block we are
not ax ; Bytes left in 64K block
inc eax
shr eax,SECTOR_SHIFT ; Sectors left in 64K block
cmp bp,ax
jnb .do_read ; Unless there is at least 1 more sector room...
inc edi ; Sector index
inc edx ; Linearly next sector
mov eax,edi
call linsector
; jc .do_read
cmp edx,eax
je .getseccnt
.do_read:
pop eax ; Linear start sector
pushad
call getlinsec_ext
popad
push bp
shl bp,9
add bx,bp ; Adjust buffer pointer
pop bp
add [si+file_sector],ebp ; Next sector index
jcxz .done
jnz .getfragment
; Fall through
.done:
pop ecx ; Sectors requested read
shl ecx,SECTOR_SHIFT
sub [si+file_bytesleft],ecx
jnbe .noteof ; CF=0 in this case
add ecx,[si+file_bytesleft] ; Actual number of bytes read
call close_file
stc ; We hit EOF
.noteof:
pop edi
pop edx
pop eax
pop ebp
ret
build_curdir_str:
ret
; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Common modules
; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
%include "common.inc" ; Universal modules
%include "plaincon.inc" ; writechr
%include "writestr.inc" ; String output
%include "writehex.inc" ; Hexadecimal output
%include "strecpy.inc" ; strcpy with end pointer check
%include "cache.inc" ; Metadata disk cache
%include "localboot.inc" ; Disk-based local boot
; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Begin data section
; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
section .data16
copyright_str db ' Copyright (C) 1994-'
asciidec YEAR
db ' H. Peter Anvin et al', CR, LF, 0
err_bootfailed db CR, LF, 'Boot failed: please change disks and press '
db 'a key to continue.', CR, LF, 0
config_name db 'extlinux.conf',0 ; Unmangled form
;
; Config file keyword table
;
%include "keywords.inc"
;
; Extensions to search for (in *forward* order).
;
alignz 4
exten_table: db '.cbt' ; COMBOOT (specific)
db '.img' ; Disk image
db '.bs', 0 ; Boot sector
db '.com' ; COMBOOT (same as DOS)
db '.c32' ; COM32
exten_table_end:
dd 0, 0 ; Need 8 null bytes here
;
; Misc initialized (data) variables
;
%ifdef debug ; This code for debugging only
debug_magic dw 0D00Dh ; Debug code sentinel
%endif
alignz 4
BufSafe dw trackbufsize/SECTOR_SIZE ; Clusters we can load into trackbuf
BufSafeBytes dw trackbufsize ; = how many bytes?
%ifndef DEPEND
%if ( trackbufsize % SECTOR_SIZE ) != 0
%error trackbufsize must be a multiple of SECTOR_SIZE
%endif
%endif
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