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|
# strategies.py
# Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2007 Michael Bayer mike_mp@zzzcomputing.com
#
# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
# the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
"""sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces.LoaderStrategy implementations, and related MapperOptions."""
from sqlalchemy import sql, schema, util, exceptions, sql_util, logging
from sqlalchemy.orm import mapper, query
from sqlalchemy.orm.interfaces import *
from sqlalchemy.orm import session as sessionlib
from sqlalchemy.orm import util as mapperutil
import random
class ColumnLoader(LoaderStrategy):
def init(self):
super(ColumnLoader, self).init()
self.columns = self.parent_property.columns
self._should_log_debug = logging.is_debug_enabled(self.logger)
def setup_query(self, context, eagertable=None, parentclauses=None, **kwargs):
for c in self.columns:
if parentclauses is not None:
context.statement.append_column(parentclauses.aliased_column(c))
else:
context.statement.append_column(c)
def init_class_attribute(self):
self.logger.info("register managed attribute %s on class %s" % (self.key, self.parent.class_.__name__))
coltype = self.columns[0].type
sessionlib.attribute_manager.register_attribute(self.parent.class_, self.key, uselist=False, copy_function=coltype.copy_value, compare_function=coltype.compare_values, mutable_scalars=self.columns[0].type.is_mutable())
def process_row(self, selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew):
if isnew:
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("populating %s with %s/%s" % (mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key), row.__class__.__name__, self.columns[0].key))
instance.__dict__[self.key] = row[self.columns[0]]
ColumnLoader.logger = logging.class_logger(ColumnLoader)
class DeferredColumnLoader(LoaderStrategy):
"""Describes an object attribute that corresponds to a table
column, which also will *lazy load* its value from the table.
This is per-column lazy loading.
"""
def init(self):
super(DeferredColumnLoader, self).init()
self.columns = self.parent_property.columns
self.group = self.parent_property.group
self._should_log_debug = logging.is_debug_enabled(self.logger)
def init_class_attribute(self):
self.logger.info("register managed attribute %s on class %s" % (self.key, self.parent.class_.__name__))
sessionlib.attribute_manager.register_attribute(self.parent.class_, self.key, uselist=False, callable_=lambda i:self.setup_loader(i), copy_function=lambda x: self.columns[0].type.copy_value(x), compare_function=lambda x,y:self.columns[0].type.compare_values(x,y), mutable_scalars=self.columns[0].type.is_mutable())
def setup_query(self, context, **kwargs):
pass
def process_row(self, selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew):
if isnew:
if not self.is_default or len(selectcontext.options):
sessionlib.attribute_manager.init_instance_attribute(instance, self.key, False, callable_=self.setup_loader(instance, selectcontext.options))
else:
sessionlib.attribute_manager.reset_instance_attribute(instance, self.key)
def setup_loader(self, instance, options=None):
if not mapper.has_mapper(instance):
return None
else:
prop = mapper.object_mapper(instance).props[self.key]
if prop is not self.parent_property:
return prop._get_strategy(DeferredColumnLoader).setup_loader(instance)
def lazyload():
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("deferred load %s group %s" % (mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key), str(self.group)))
if not mapper.has_identity(instance):
return None
try:
pk = self.parent.pks_by_table[self.columns[0].table]
except KeyError:
pk = self.columns[0].table.primary_key
clause = sql.and_()
for primary_key in pk:
attr = self.parent.get_attr_by_column(instance, primary_key)
if not attr:
return None
clause.clauses.append(primary_key == attr)
session = sessionlib.object_session(instance)
if session is None:
raise exceptions.InvalidRequestError("Parent instance %s is not bound to a Session; deferred load operation of attribute '%s' cannot proceed" % (instance.__class__, self.key))
localparent = mapper.object_mapper(instance)
if self.group is not None:
groupcols = [p for p in localparent.props.values() if isinstance(p.strategy, DeferredColumnLoader) and p.group==self.group]
result = session.execute(localparent, sql.select([g.columns[0] for g in groupcols], clause, use_labels=True), None)
try:
row = result.fetchone()
for prop in groupcols:
if prop is self:
continue
# set a scalar object instance directly on the object,
# bypassing SmartProperty event handlers.
sessionlib.attribute_manager.init_instance_attribute(instance, prop.key, uselist=False)
instance.__dict__[prop.key] = row[prop.columns[0]]
return row[self.columns[0]]
finally:
result.close()
else:
return session.scalar(localparent, sql.select([self.columns[0]], clause, use_labels=True),None)
return lazyload
DeferredColumnLoader.logger = logging.class_logger(DeferredColumnLoader)
class DeferredOption(StrategizedOption):
def __init__(self, key, defer=False):
super(DeferredOption, self).__init__(key)
self.defer = defer
def get_strategy_class(self):
if self.defer:
return DeferredColumnLoader
else:
return ColumnLoader
class AbstractRelationLoader(LoaderStrategy):
def init(self):
super(AbstractRelationLoader, self).init()
for attr in ['primaryjoin', 'secondaryjoin', 'secondary', 'foreign_keys', 'mapper', 'select_mapper', 'target', 'select_table', 'loads_polymorphic', 'uselist', 'cascade', 'attributeext', 'order_by', 'remote_side', 'polymorphic_primaryjoin', 'polymorphic_secondaryjoin', 'direction']:
setattr(self, attr, getattr(self.parent_property, attr))
self._should_log_debug = logging.is_debug_enabled(self.logger)
def _init_instance_attribute(self, instance, callable_=None):
return sessionlib.attribute_manager.init_instance_attribute(instance, self.key, self.uselist, cascade=self.cascade, trackparent=True, callable_=callable_)
def _register_attribute(self, class_, callable_=None):
self.logger.info("register managed %s attribute %s on class %s" % ((self.uselist and "list-holding" or "scalar"), self.key, self.parent.class_.__name__))
sessionlib.attribute_manager.register_attribute(class_, self.key, uselist = self.uselist, extension=self.attributeext, cascade=self.cascade, trackparent=True, typecallable=self.parent_property.collection_class, callable_=callable_)
class NoLoader(AbstractRelationLoader):
def init_class_attribute(self):
self._register_attribute(self.parent.class_)
def process_row(self, selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew):
if isnew:
if not self.is_default or len(selectcontext.options):
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("set instance-level no loader on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
self._init_instance_attribute(instance)
NoLoader.logger = logging.class_logger(NoLoader)
class LazyLoader(AbstractRelationLoader):
def init(self):
super(LazyLoader, self).init()
(self.lazywhere, self.lazybinds, self.lazyreverse) = self._create_lazy_clause(self)
self.logger.info(str(self.parent_property) + " lazy loading clause " + str(self.lazywhere))
# determine if our "lazywhere" clause is the same as the mapper's
# get() clause. then we can just use mapper.get()
self.use_get = not self.uselist and query.Query(self.mapper)._get_clause.compare(self.lazywhere)
if self.use_get:
self.logger.info(str(self.parent_property) + " will use query.get() to optimize instance loads")
def init_class_attribute(self):
self._register_attribute(self.parent.class_, callable_=lambda i: self.setup_loader(i))
def setup_loader(self, instance, options=None):
if not mapper.has_mapper(instance):
return None
else:
prop = mapper.object_mapper(instance).props[self.key]
if prop is not self.parent_property:
return prop._get_strategy(LazyLoader).setup_loader(instance)
def lazyload():
self.logger.debug("lazy load attribute %s on instance %s" % (self.key, mapperutil.instance_str(instance)))
params = {}
allparams = True
# if the instance wasnt loaded from the database, then it cannot lazy load
# child items. one reason for this is that a bi-directional relationship
# will not update properly, since bi-directional uses lazy loading functions
# in both directions, and this instance will not be present in the lazily-loaded
# results of the other objects since its not in the database
if not mapper.has_identity(instance):
return None
#print "setting up loader, lazywhere", str(self.lazywhere), "binds", self.lazybinds
for col, bind in self.lazybinds.iteritems():
params[bind.key] = self.parent.get_attr_by_column(instance, col)
if params[bind.key] is None:
allparams = False
break
if not allparams:
return None
session = sessionlib.object_session(instance)
if session is None:
try:
session = mapper.object_mapper(instance).get_session()
except exceptions.InvalidRequestError:
raise exceptions.InvalidRequestError("Parent instance %s is not bound to a Session, and no contextual session is established; lazy load operation of attribute '%s' cannot proceed" % (instance.__class__, self.key))
# if we have a simple straight-primary key load, use mapper.get()
# to possibly save a DB round trip
if self.use_get:
ident = []
for primary_key in self.select_mapper.pks_by_table[self.select_mapper.mapped_table]:
bind = self.lazyreverse[primary_key]
ident.append(params[bind.key])
return session.query(self.mapper).get(ident)
elif self.order_by is not False:
order_by = self.order_by
elif self.secondary is not None and self.secondary.default_order_by() is not None:
order_by = self.secondary.default_order_by()
else:
order_by = False
result = session.query(self.mapper, with_options=options).select_whereclause(self.lazywhere, order_by=order_by, params=params)
if self.uselist:
return result
else:
if len(result):
return result[0]
else:
return None
return lazyload
def process_row(self, selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew):
if isnew:
# new object instance being loaded from a result row
if not self.is_default or len(selectcontext.options):
self.logger.debug("set instance-level lazy loader on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
# we are not the primary manager for this attribute on this class - set up a per-instance lazyloader,
# which will override the clareset_instance_attributess-level behavior
self._init_instance_attribute(instance, callable_=self.setup_loader(instance, selectcontext.options))
else:
self.logger.debug("set class-level lazy loader on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
# we are the primary manager for this attribute on this class - reset its per-instance attribute state,
# so that the class-level lazy loader is executed when next referenced on this instance.
# this usually is not needed unless the constructor of the object referenced the attribute before we got
# to load data into it.
sessionlib.attribute_manager.reset_instance_attribute(instance, self.key)
def _create_lazy_clause(cls, prop, reverse_direction=False):
(primaryjoin, secondaryjoin, remote_side) = (prop.polymorphic_primaryjoin, prop.polymorphic_secondaryjoin, prop.remote_side)
binds = {}
reverse = {}
def should_bind(targetcol, othercol):
if reverse_direction and not secondaryjoin:
return targetcol in remote_side
else:
return othercol in remote_side
def find_column_in_expr(expr):
if not isinstance(expr, sql.ColumnElement):
return None
columns = []
class FindColumnInColumnClause(sql.ClauseVisitor):
def visit_column(self, c):
columns.append(c)
FindColumnInColumnClause().traverse(expr)
return len(columns) and columns[0] or None
def bind_label():
# TODO: make this generation deterministic
return "lazy_" + hex(random.randint(0, 65535))[2:]
def visit_binary(binary):
leftcol = find_column_in_expr(binary.left)
rightcol = find_column_in_expr(binary.right)
if leftcol is None or rightcol is None:
return
if should_bind(leftcol, rightcol):
col = leftcol
binary.left = binds.setdefault(leftcol,
sql.bindparam(bind_label(), None, shortname=leftcol.name, type=binary.right.type, unique=True))
reverse[rightcol] = binds[col]
# the "left is not right" compare is to handle part of a join clause that is "table.c.col1==table.c.col1",
# which can happen in rare cases (test/orm/relationships.py RelationTest2)
if leftcol is not rightcol and should_bind(rightcol, leftcol):
col = rightcol
binary.right = binds.setdefault(rightcol,
sql.bindparam(bind_label(), None, shortname=rightcol.name, type=binary.left.type, unique=True))
reverse[leftcol] = binds[col]
lazywhere = primaryjoin.copy_container()
li = mapperutil.BinaryVisitor(visit_binary)
if not secondaryjoin or not reverse_direction:
li.traverse(lazywhere)
if secondaryjoin is not None:
secondaryjoin = secondaryjoin.copy_container()
if reverse_direction:
li.traverse(secondaryjoin)
lazywhere = sql.and_(lazywhere, secondaryjoin)
return (lazywhere, binds, reverse)
_create_lazy_clause = classmethod(_create_lazy_clause)
LazyLoader.logger = logging.class_logger(LazyLoader)
class EagerLoader(AbstractRelationLoader):
"""Loads related objects inline with a parent query."""
def init(self):
super(EagerLoader, self).init()
if self.parent.isa(self.mapper):
raise exceptions.ArgumentError(
"Error creating eager relationship '%s' on parent class '%s' "
"to child class '%s': Cant use eager loading on a self "
"referential relationship." %
(self.key, repr(self.parent.class_), repr(self.mapper.class_)))
if self.is_default:
self.parent._eager_loaders.add(self.parent_property)
self.clauses = {}
self.clauses_by_lead_mapper = {}
class AliasedClauses(object):
"""Defines a set of join conditions and table aliases which
are aliased on a randomly-generated alias name, corresponding
to the connection of an optional parent AliasedClauses object
and a target mapper.
EagerLoader has a distinct AliasedClauses object per parent
AliasedClauses object, so that all paths from one mapper to
another across a chain of eagerloaders generates a distinct
chain of joins. The AliasedClauses objects are generated and
cached on an as-needed basis.
E.g.::
mapper A -->
(EagerLoader 'items') -->
mapper B -->
(EagerLoader 'keywords') -->
mapper C
will generate::
EagerLoader 'items' --> {
None : AliasedClauses(items, None, alias_suffix='AB34') # mappera JOIN mapperb_AB34
}
EagerLoader 'keywords' --> [
None : AliasedClauses(keywords, None, alias_suffix='43EF') # mapperb JOIN mapperc_43EF
AliasedClauses(items, None, alias_suffix='AB34') :
AliasedClauses(keywords, items, alias_suffix='8F44') # mapperb_AB34 JOIN mapperc_8F44
]
"""
def __init__(self, eagerloader, parentclauses=None):
self.id = (parentclauses is not None and (parentclauses.id + "/") or '') + str(eagerloader.parent_property)
self.parent = eagerloader
self.target = eagerloader.select_table
self.eagertarget = eagerloader.select_table.alias(self._aliashash("/target"))
self.extra_cols = {}
if eagerloader.secondary:
self.eagersecondary = eagerloader.secondary.alias(self._aliashash("/secondary"))
if parentclauses is not None:
aliasizer = sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget).\
chain(sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagersecondary)).\
chain(sql_util.ClauseAdapter(parentclauses.eagertarget))
else:
aliasizer = sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget).\
chain(sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagersecondary))
self.eagersecondaryjoin = eagerloader.polymorphic_secondaryjoin.copy_container()
aliasizer.traverse(self.eagersecondaryjoin)
self.eagerprimary = eagerloader.polymorphic_primaryjoin.copy_container()
aliasizer.traverse(self.eagerprimary)
else:
self.eagerprimary = eagerloader.polymorphic_primaryjoin.copy_container()
if parentclauses is not None:
aliasizer = sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget)
aliasizer.chain(sql_util.ClauseAdapter(parentclauses.eagertarget, exclude=eagerloader.parent_property.remote_side))
else:
aliasizer = sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget)
aliasizer.traverse(self.eagerprimary)
if eagerloader.order_by:
self.eager_order_by = sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget).copy_and_process(util.to_list(eagerloader.order_by))
else:
self.eager_order_by = None
self._row_decorator = self._create_decorator_row()
def aliased_column(self, column):
"""return the aliased version of the given column, creating a new label for it if not already
present in this AliasedClauses eagertable."""
conv = self.eagertarget.corresponding_column(column, raiseerr=False)
if conv:
return conv
if column in self.extra_cols:
return self.extra_cols[column]
aliased_column = column.copy_container()
sql_util.ClauseAdapter(self.eagertarget).traverse(aliased_column)
alias = self._aliashash(column.name)
aliased_column = aliased_column.label(alias)
self._row_decorator.map[column] = alias
self.extra_cols[column] = aliased_column
return aliased_column
def _aliashash(self, extra):
"""return a deterministic 4 digit hash value for this AliasedClause's id + extra."""
# use the first 4 digits of an MD5 hash
return "anon_" + util.hash(self.id + extra)[0:4]
def _create_decorator_row(self):
class EagerRowAdapter(object):
def __init__(self, row):
self.row = row
def has_key(self, key):
return map.has_key(key) or self.row.has_key(key)
def __getitem__(self, key):
if map.has_key(key):
key = map[key]
return self.row[key]
def keys(self):
return map.keys()
map = {}
for c in self.eagertarget.c:
parent = self.target.corresponding_column(c)
map[parent] = c
map[parent._label] = c
map[parent.name] = c
EagerRowAdapter.map = map
return EagerRowAdapter
def _decorate_row(self, row):
# adapts a row at row iteration time to transparently
# convert plain columns into the aliased columns that were actually
# added to the column clause of the SELECT.
return self._row_decorator(row)
def init_class_attribute(self):
self.parent_property._get_strategy(LazyLoader).init_class_attribute()
def setup_query(self, context, eagertable=None, parentclauses=None, parentmapper=None, **kwargs):
"""Add a left outer join to the statement thats being constructed."""
if parentmapper is None:
localparent = context.mapper
else:
localparent = parentmapper
if self.mapper in context.recursion_stack:
return
else:
context.recursion_stack.add(self.parent)
statement = context.statement
if hasattr(statement, '_outerjoin'):
towrap = statement._outerjoin
elif isinstance(localparent.mapped_table, sql.Join):
towrap = localparent.mapped_table
else:
# look for the mapper's selectable expressed within the current "from" criterion.
# this will locate the selectable inside of any containers it may be a part of (such
# as a join). if its inside of a join, we want to outer join on that join, not the
# selectable.
for fromclause in statement.froms:
if fromclause is localparent.mapped_table:
towrap = fromclause
break
elif isinstance(fromclause, sql.Join):
if localparent.mapped_table in sql_util.TableFinder(fromclause, include_aliases=True):
towrap = fromclause
break
else:
raise exceptions.InvalidRequestError("EagerLoader cannot locate a clause with which to outer join to, in query '%s' %s" % (str(statement), localparent.mapped_table))
try:
clauses = self.clauses[parentclauses]
except KeyError:
clauses = EagerLoader.AliasedClauses(self, parentclauses)
self.clauses[parentclauses] = clauses
if context.mapper not in self.clauses_by_lead_mapper:
self.clauses_by_lead_mapper[context.mapper] = clauses
if self.secondaryjoin is not None:
statement._outerjoin = sql.outerjoin(towrap, clauses.eagersecondary, clauses.eagerprimary).outerjoin(clauses.eagertarget, clauses.eagersecondaryjoin)
if self.order_by is False and self.secondary.default_order_by() is not None:
statement.order_by(*clauses.eagersecondary.default_order_by())
else:
statement._outerjoin = towrap.outerjoin(clauses.eagertarget, clauses.eagerprimary)
if self.order_by is False and clauses.eagertarget.default_order_by() is not None:
statement.order_by(*clauses.eagertarget.default_order_by())
if clauses.eager_order_by:
statement.order_by(*util.to_list(clauses.eager_order_by))
statement.append_from(statement._outerjoin)
for value in self.select_mapper.props.values():
value.setup(context, eagertable=clauses.eagertarget, parentclauses=clauses, parentmapper=self.select_mapper)
def _create_row_processor(self, selectcontext, row):
"""Create a *row processing* function that will apply eager
aliasing to the row.
Also check that an identity key can be retrieved from the row,
else return None.
"""
# check for a user-defined decorator in the SelectContext (which was set up by the contains_eager() option)
if selectcontext.attributes.has_key((EagerLoader, self.parent_property)):
# custom row decoration function, placed in the selectcontext by the
# contains_eager() mapper option
decorator = selectcontext.attributes[(EagerLoader, self.parent_property)]
if decorator is None:
decorator = lambda row: row
else:
try:
# decorate the row according to the stored AliasedClauses for this eager load
clauses = self.clauses_by_lead_mapper[selectcontext.mapper]
decorator = clauses._row_decorator
except KeyError, k:
# no stored AliasedClauses: eager loading was not set up in the query and
# AliasedClauses never got initialized
return None
try:
decorated_row = decorator(row)
# check for identity key
identity_key = self.mapper.identity_key_from_row(decorated_row)
# and its good
return decorator
except KeyError, k:
# no identity key - dont return a row processor, will cause a degrade to lazy
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("could not locate identity key from row '%s'; missing column '%s'" % (repr(decorated_row), str(k)))
return None
def process_row(self, selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew):
"""Receive a row.
Tell our mapper to look for a new object instance in the row,
and attach it to a list on the parent instance.
"""
if self in selectcontext.recursion_stack:
return
try:
# check for row processor
row_processor = selectcontext.attributes[id(self)]
except KeyError:
# create a row processor function and cache it in the context
row_processor = self._create_row_processor(selectcontext, row)
selectcontext.attributes[id(self)] = row_processor
if row_processor is not None:
decorated_row = row_processor(row)
else:
# row_processor was None: degrade to a lazy loader
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("degrade to lazy loader on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
self.parent_property._get_strategy(LazyLoader).process_row(selectcontext, instance, row, identitykey, isnew)
return
# TODO: recursion check a speed hit...? try to get a "termination point" into the AliasedClauses
# or EagerRowAdapter ?
selectcontext.recursion_stack.add(self)
try:
if not self.uselist:
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("eagerload scalar instance on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
if isnew:
# set a scalar object instance directly on the parent object,
# bypassing SmartProperty event handlers.
instance.__dict__[self.key] = self.mapper._instance(selectcontext, decorated_row, None)
else:
# call _instance on the row, even though the object has been created,
# so that we further descend into properties
self.mapper._instance(selectcontext, decorated_row, None)
else:
if isnew:
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("initialize UniqueAppender on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
# call the SmartProperty's initialize() method to create a new, blank list
l = getattr(instance.__class__, self.key).initialize(instance)
# create an appender object which will add set-like semantics to the list
appender = util.UniqueAppender(l.data)
# store it in the "scratch" area, which is local to this load operation.
selectcontext.attributes[(instance, self.key)] = appender
result_list = selectcontext.attributes[(instance, self.key)]
if self._should_log_debug:
self.logger.debug("eagerload list instance on %s" % mapperutil.attribute_str(instance, self.key))
self.select_mapper._instance(selectcontext, decorated_row, result_list)
finally:
selectcontext.recursion_stack.remove(self)
EagerLoader.logger = logging.class_logger(EagerLoader)
class EagerLazyOption(StrategizedOption):
def __init__(self, key, lazy=True):
super(EagerLazyOption, self).__init__(key)
self.lazy = lazy
def process_query_property(self, context, prop):
if self.lazy:
if prop in context.eager_loaders:
context.eager_loaders.remove(prop)
else:
context.eager_loaders.add(prop)
super(EagerLazyOption, self).process_query_property(context, prop)
def get_strategy_class(self):
if self.lazy:
return LazyLoader
elif self.lazy is False:
return EagerLoader
elif self.lazy is None:
return NoLoader
EagerLazyOption.logger = logging.class_logger(EagerLazyOption)
class RowDecorateOption(PropertyOption):
def __init__(self, key, decorator=None, alias=None):
super(RowDecorateOption, self).__init__(key)
self.decorator = decorator
self.alias = alias
def process_selection_property(self, context, property):
if self.alias is not None and self.decorator is None:
if isinstance(self.alias, basestring):
self.alias = property.target.alias(self.alias)
def decorate(row):
d = {}
for c in property.target.columns:
d[c] = row[self.alias.corresponding_column(c)]
return d
self.decorator = decorate
context.attributes[(EagerLoader, property)] = self.decorator
RowDecorateOption.logger = logging.class_logger(RowDecorateOption)
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