BLD: enable building NumPy with Meson

This enables building with NumPy on Linux and macOS. Windows support
should be complete to, but is untested as of now and may need a few
tweaks. This contains:
- A set of `meson.build` files and related code generation script
  tweaks, header templates, etc.
- One CI job on Linux
- Basic docs on using Meson to build NumPy (not yet integrated in the
  html docs, it's too early for that - this is for early adopters right
  now).

The build should be complete, with the major exception of SIMD support.
The full test suite passes. See gh-22546 for the tracking issue with
detailed notes on the plan for switching NumPy to Meson as its build
system.

Co-authored-by: Stefan van der Walt <stefanv@berkeley.edu>

1 files changed, 10 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/numpy/version.py b/numpy/version.py
index d5657d0d0..d9d2fe1b7 100644
--- a/numpy/version.py
+++ b/numpy/version.py
@@ -4,12 +4,20 @@ from ._version import get_versions
 
 __ALL__ = ['version', '__version__', 'full_version', 'git_revision', 'release']
 
+
+_built_with_meson = False
+try:
+    from ._version_meson import get_versions
+    _built_with_meson = True
+except ImportError:
+    from ._version import get_versions
+
 vinfo: dict[str, str] = get_versions()
 version = vinfo["version"]
 __version__ = vinfo.get("closest-tag", vinfo["version"])
-full_version = vinfo['version']
 git_revision = vinfo['full-revisionid']
 release = 'dev0' not in version and '+' not in version
-short_version = vinfo['version'].split("+")[0]
+full_version = version
+short_version = version.split("+")[0]
 
 del get_versions, vinfo