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+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from .models import Author, Publisher
+
+
+class GetOrCreateTests(TestCase):
+ def test_related(self):
+ p = Publisher.objects.create(name="Acme Publishing")
+ # Create a book through the publisher.
+ book, created = p.books.get_or_create(name="The Book of Ed & Fred")
+ self.assertTrue(created)
+ # The publisher should have one book.
+ self.assertEqual(p.books.count(), 1)
+
+ # Try get_or_create again, this time nothing should be created.
+ book, created = p.books.get_or_create(name="The Book of Ed & Fred")
+ self.assertFalse(created)
+ # And the publisher should still have one book.
+ self.assertEqual(p.books.count(), 1)
+
+ # Add an author to the book.
+ ed, created = book.authors.get_or_create(name="Ed")
+ self.assertTrue(created)
+ # The book should have one author.
+ self.assertEqual(book.authors.count(), 1)
+
+ # Try get_or_create again, this time nothing should be created.
+ ed, created = book.authors.get_or_create(name="Ed")
+ self.assertFalse(created)
+ # And the book should still have one author.
+ self.assertEqual(book.authors.count(), 1)
+
+ # Add a second author to the book.
+ fred, created = book.authors.get_or_create(name="Fred")
+ self.assertTrue(created)
+
+ # The book should have two authors now.
+ self.assertEqual(book.authors.count(), 2)
+
+ # Create an Author not tied to any books.
+ Author.objects.create(name="Ted")
+
+ # There should be three Authors in total. The book object should have two.
+ self.assertEqual(Author.objects.count(), 3)
+ self.assertEqual(book.authors.count(), 2)
+
+ # Try creating a book through an author.
+ _, created = ed.books.get_or_create(name="Ed's Recipes", publisher=p)
+ self.assertTrue(created)
+
+ # Now Ed has two Books, Fred just one.
+ self.assertEqual(ed.books.count(), 2)
+ self.assertEqual(fred.books.count(), 1)
+
+ # Use the publisher's primary key value instead of a model instance.
+ _, created = ed.books.get_or_create(name='The Great Book of Ed', publisher_id=p.id)
+ self.assertTrue(created)
+
+ # Try get_or_create again, this time nothing should be created.
+ _, created = ed.books.get_or_create(name='The Great Book of Ed', publisher_id=p.id)
+ self.assertFalse(created)
+
+ # The publisher should have three books.
+ self.assertEqual(p.books.count(), 3)