Check linker compatibility directly from HMODULE

Checking the linker compatibility with extranous `ImageLoad()` calls is
possible, but unnecessary, since the modules are either already loaded
or loaded shortly afterwards, so that we can get the required
information directly from the module handles.  And actually, doing
`ImageLoad()` as well as `LoadLibrary()` leaves a tiny room for a race
condition, because both functions will lookup the module in the search
path, so there is no *guarantee* that both are dealing with the same
module.  Dropping the `ImageLoad()` calls also has the advantage to no
longer face the issue reported in bug #79557.  A very minor additional
advantage is that we no longer have to link against Imagehlp.dll.

Furthermore, there is no need to check for CRT compatibility multiple
times, so we can simplify the signature of `php_win32_crt_compatible`,
and at the same time clean up main.c a bit.

These changes require to change the signature of the exported
`php_win32_image_compatible` and `php_win32_crt_compatible` functions,
which now expect a `HMODULE` and nothing, respectively, instead of the
module name.

8 files changed, 49 insertions, 54 deletions

diff --git a/UPGRADING.INTERNALS b/UPGRADING.INTERNALS
index ebced18ff3..d69ca710f9 100644
--- a/UPGRADING.INTERNALS
+++ b/UPGRADING.INTERNALS
@@ -373,6 +373,10 @@ PHP 8.0 INTERNALS UPGRADE NOTES
         - zend_get_op_array_extension_handle()
      10. Argument zend_extension to const char* in Zend Engine 4.0:
         - zend_get_resource_handle()
+     11. Argument const char * to HMODULE in Zend Engine 4.0:
+        - php_win32_image_compatible()
+     12. const char * argument dropped in Zend Engine 4.0:
+        - php_win32_crt_compatible()
 
   u. Instead of overwriting zend_error_cb extensions with debugging, monitoring
      use-cases catching Errors/Exceptions are strongly encouraged to use
diff --git a/Zend/zend_extensions.c b/Zend/zend_extensions.c
index 1741182ba3..4d4b1ffe09 100644
--- a/Zend/zend_extensions.c
+++ b/Zend/zend_extensions.c
@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ zend_result zend_load_extension(const char *path)
 #endif
 		return FAILURE;
 	}
+#ifdef ZEND_WIN32
+	char *err;
+	if (!php_win32_image_compatible(handle, &err)) {
+		zend_error(E_CORE_WARNING, err);
+		return FAILURE;
+	}
+#endif
 	return zend_load_extension_handle(handle, path);
 #else
 	fprintf(stderr, "Extensions are not supported on this platform.\n");
diff --git a/ext/standard/dl.c b/ext/standard/dl.c
index b7e3b3bfeb..c1e9fabf40 100644
--- a/ext/standard/dl.c
+++ b/ext/standard/dl.c
@@ -161,19 +161,17 @@ PHPAPI int php_load_extension(const char *filename, int type, int start_now)
 		efree(orig_libpath);
 		efree(err1);
 	}
+	efree(libpath);
 
 #ifdef PHP_WIN32
-	if (!php_win32_image_compatible(libpath, &err1)) {
+	if (!php_win32_image_compatible(handle, &err1)) {
 			php_error_docref(NULL, error_type, err1);
 			efree(err1);
-			efree(libpath);
 			DL_UNLOAD(handle);
 			return FAILURE;
 	}
 #endif
 
-	efree(libpath);
-
 	get_module = (zend_module_entry *(*)(void)) DL_FETCH_SYMBOL(handle, "get_module");
 
 	/* Some OS prepend _ to symbol names while their dynamic linker
diff --git a/main/main.c b/main/main.c
index 3667432f94..da510f5551 100644
--- a/main/main.c
+++ b/main/main.c
@@ -2055,21 +2055,12 @@ int php_module_startup(sapi_module_struct *sf, zend_module_entry *additional_mod
 #endif
 
 #ifdef PHP_WIN32
-# if PHP_LINKER_MAJOR == 14
-	/* Extend for other CRT if needed. */
-#  if PHP_DEBUG
-#   define PHP_VCRUNTIME "vcruntime140d.dll"
-#  else
-#   define PHP_VCRUNTIME "vcruntime140.dll"
-#  endif
 	char *img_err;
-	if (!php_win32_crt_compatible(PHP_VCRUNTIME, &img_err)) {
+	if (!php_win32_crt_compatible(&img_err)) {
 		php_error(E_CORE_WARNING, img_err);
 		efree(img_err);
 		return FAILURE;
 	}
-#  undef PHP_VCRUNTIME
-# endif
 
 	/* start up winsock services */
 	if (WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData) != 0) {
diff --git a/main/php_ini.c b/main/php_ini.c
index 57573f4d30..53c08ae3c4 100644
--- a/main/php_ini.c
+++ b/main/php_ini.c
@@ -331,13 +331,6 @@ static void php_load_zend_extension_cb(void *arg)
 #endif
 
 	if (IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH(filename, length)) {
-#ifdef PHP_WIN32
-	char *err;
-	if (!php_win32_image_compatible(filename, &err)) {
-		php_error(E_CORE_WARNING, err);
-		return;
-	}
-#endif
 		zend_load_extension(filename);
 	} else {
 		DL_HANDLE handle;
@@ -381,13 +374,13 @@ static void php_load_zend_extension_cb(void *arg)
 
 			efree(orig_libpath);
 			efree(err1);
+			efree(libpath);
 		}
 
 #ifdef PHP_WIN32
-		if (!php_win32_image_compatible(libpath, &err1)) {
+		if (!php_win32_image_compatible(handle, &err1)) {
 				php_error(E_CORE_WARNING, err1);
 				efree(err1);
-				efree(libpath);
 				DL_UNLOAD(handle);
 				return;
 		}
diff --git a/win32/build/confutils.js b/win32/build/confutils.js
index e71757748f..857e50acbe 100644
--- a/win32/build/confutils.js
+++ b/win32/build/confutils.js
@@ -3401,7 +3401,7 @@ function toolset_setup_common_ldlags()
 function toolset_setup_common_libs()
 {
 	// urlmon.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib
-	DEFINE("LIBS", "kernel32.lib ole32.lib user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ws2_32.lib Dnsapi.lib psapi.lib bcrypt.lib imagehlp.lib");
+	DEFINE("LIBS", "kernel32.lib ole32.lib user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ws2_32.lib Dnsapi.lib psapi.lib bcrypt.lib");
 }
 
 function toolset_setup_build_mode()
diff --git a/win32/winutil.c b/win32/winutil.c
index 40664a9e03..530dc4f0f6 100644
--- a/win32/winutil.c
+++ b/win32/winutil.c
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include "codepage.h"
 #include <bcrypt.h>
 #include <lmcons.h>
-#include <imagehlp.h>
 
 
 PHP_WINUTIL_API char *php_win32_error_to_msg(HRESULT error)
@@ -436,26 +435,13 @@ PHP_WINUTIL_API char *php_win32_get_username(void)
 	return uname;
 }/*}}}*/
 
-static zend_always_inline BOOL is_compatible(const char *name, BOOL is_smaller, char *format, char **err)
+static zend_always_inline BOOL is_compatible(HMODULE handle, BOOL is_smaller, char *format, char **err)
 {/*{{{*/
-	/* work around ImageLoad() issue */
-	const char *name_stripped = name;
-	if (name[0] == '.' && IS_SLASH(name[1])) {
-		name_stripped += 2;
-	}
-
-	PLOADED_IMAGE img = ImageLoad(name_stripped, NULL);
+	PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER dosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER) handle;
+	PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS pNTHeader = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)((char *) dosHeader + dosHeader->e_lfanew);
 
-	if (!img) {
-		DWORD _err = GetLastError();
-		char *err_txt = php_win32_error_to_msg(_err);
-		spprintf(err, 0, "Failed to load %s, %s", name, err_txt);
-		free(err_txt);
-		return FALSE;
-	}
-
-	DWORD major = img->FileHeader->OptionalHeader.MajorLinkerVersion;
-	DWORD minor = img->FileHeader->OptionalHeader.MinorLinkerVersion;
+	DWORD major = pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.MajorLinkerVersion;
+	DWORD minor = pNTHeader->OptionalHeader.MinorLinkerVersion;
 
 #if PHP_LINKER_MAJOR == 14
 	/* VS 2015, 2017 and 2019 are binary compatible, but only forward compatible.
@@ -474,23 +460,39 @@ static zend_always_inline BOOL is_compatible(const char *name, BOOL is_smaller,
 	if (PHP_LINKER_MAJOR != major)
 #endif
 	{
-		spprintf(err, 0, format, name, major, minor, PHP_LINKER_MAJOR, PHP_LINKER_MINOR);
-		ImageUnload(img);
+		char buf[MAX_PATH];
+		if (GetModuleFileName(handle, buf, sizeof(buf)) != 0) {
+			spprintf(err, 0, format, buf, major, minor, PHP_LINKER_MAJOR, PHP_LINKER_MINOR);
+		} else {
+			spprintf(err, 0, "Can't retrieve the module name (error %u)", GetLastError());
+		}
 		return FALSE;
 	}
-	ImageUnload(img);
 
 	return TRUE;
 }/*}}}*/
 
-PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_image_compatible(const char *name, char **err)
+PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_image_compatible(HMODULE handle, char **err)
 {/*{{{*/
-	return is_compatible(name, TRUE, "Can't load module '%s' as it's linked with %u.%u, but the core is linked with %d.%d", err);
+	return is_compatible(handle, TRUE, "Can't load module '%s' as it's linked with %u.%u, but the core is linked with %d.%d", err);
 }/*}}}*/
 
-/* Expect a CRT name DLL. */
-PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_crt_compatible(const char *name, char **err)
+/* Expect a CRT module handle */
+PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_crt_compatible(char **err)
 {/*{{{*/
-	return is_compatible(name, FALSE, "'%s' %u.%u is not compatible with this PHP build linked with %d.%d", err);
+#if PHP_LINKER_MAJOR == 14
+	/* Extend for other CRT if needed. */
+# if PHP_DEBUG
+	const char *crt_name = "vcruntime140d.dll";
+# else
+	const char *crt_name = "vcruntime140.dll";
+# endif
+	HMODULE handle = GetModuleHandle(crt_name);
+	if (handle == NULL) {
+		spprintf(err, 0, "Can't get handle of module %s (error %u)", crt_name, GetLastError());
+		return FALSE;
+	}
+	return is_compatible(handle, FALSE, "'%s' %u.%u is not compatible with this PHP build linked with %d.%d", err);
+#endif
+	return TRUE;
 }/*}}}*/
-
diff --git a/win32/winutil.h b/win32/winutil.h
index 8acf87e671..cc3f115280 100644
--- a/win32/winutil.h
+++ b/win32/winutil.h
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ PHP_WINUTIL_API int php_win32_code_to_errno(unsigned long w32Err);
 
 PHP_WINUTIL_API char *php_win32_get_username(void);
 
-PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_image_compatible(const char *img, char **err);
-PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_crt_compatible(const char *img, char **err);
+PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_image_compatible(HMODULE handle, char **err);
+PHP_WINUTIL_API BOOL php_win32_crt_compatible(char **err);
 
 #endif