Merge branch 'master' into 467-int

40 files changed, 912 insertions, 274 deletions

diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
index 9a55dbb6..c2c20a60 100644
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ sudo: false
 python:
   - "2.6"
   - "2.7"
-  - "3.2"
   - "3.3"
   - "3.4"
+  - "3.5"
 install:
   # Self-install for setup.py-driven deps
   - pip install -e .
@@ -13,15 +13,13 @@ install:
   - pip install coveralls # For coveralls.io specifically
   - pip install -r dev-requirements.txt
 script:
-  # Main tests, with coverage!
-  - inv test --coverage
+  # Main tests, w/ coverage! (but skip coverage on 3.2, coverage.py dropped it)
+  - "[[ $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION != 3.2 ]] && inv test --coverage || inv test"
   # Ensure documentation & invoke pipeline run OK.
   # Run 'docs' first since its objects.inv is referred to by 'www'.
   # Also force warnings to be errors since most of them tend to be actual
   # problems.
-  # Finally, skip them under Python 3.2 due to sphinx shenanigans
-  - "[[ $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION != 3.2 ]] && invoke docs -o -W || true"
-  - "[[ $TRAVIS_PYTHON_VERSION != 3.2 ]] && invoke www -o -W || true"
+  - invoke docs -o -W www -o -W
 notifications:
   irc:
     channels: "irc.freenode.org#paramiko"
diff --git a/README b/README
index b5ccb697..57512604 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ paramiko
 
 :Paramiko: Python SSH module
 :Copyright: Copyright (c) 2003-2009  Robey Pointer <robeypointer@gmail.com>
-:Copyright: Copyright (c) 2013-2014  Jeff Forcier <jeff@bitprophet.org>
+:Copyright: Copyright (c) 2013-2015  Jeff Forcier <jeff@bitprophet.org>
 :License: LGPL
 :Homepage: https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/
 :API docs: http://docs.paramiko.org
diff --git a/dev-requirements.txt b/dev-requirements.txt
index 7a0ccbc5..90cfd477 100644
--- a/dev-requirements.txt
+++ b/dev-requirements.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 # Older junk
 tox>=1.4,<1.5
 # For newer tasks like building Sphinx docs.
-invoke>=0.7.0,<0.8
-invocations>=0.5.0
+invoke>=0.11.1
+invocations>=0.11.0
 sphinx>=1.1.3
 alabaster>=0.6.1
 releases>=0.5.2
-wheel==0.23.0
+semantic_version>=2.4,<2.5
+wheel==0.24
+twine==1.5
diff --git a/paramiko/_version.py b/paramiko/_version.py
index 3bf9dac7..e82b8667 100644
--- a/paramiko/_version.py
+++ b/paramiko/_version.py
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-__version_info__ = (1, 15, 2)
+__version_info__ = (1, 16, 0)
 __version__ = '.'.join(map(str, __version_info__))
diff --git a/paramiko/_winapi.py b/paramiko/_winapi.py
index f48e1890..9a8bdedd 100644
--- a/paramiko/_winapi.py
+++ b/paramiko/_winapi.py
@@ -1,23 +1,16 @@
 """
 Windows API functions implemented as ctypes functions and classes as found
-in jaraco.windows (2.10).
+in jaraco.windows (3.3).
 
 If you encounter issues with this module, please consider reporting the issues
 in jaraco.windows and asking the author to port the fixes back here.
 """
 
-import ctypes
+import sys
 import ctypes.wintypes
-from paramiko.py3compat import u
-try:
-    import builtins
-except ImportError:
-    import __builtin__ as builtins
 
-try:
-    USHORT = ctypes.wintypes.USHORT
-except AttributeError:
-    USHORT = ctypes.c_ushort
+from paramiko.py3compat import u, builtins
+
 
 ######################
 # jaraco.windows.error
@@ -29,11 +22,7 @@ def format_system_message(errno):
     """
     # first some flags used by FormatMessageW
     ALLOCATE_BUFFER = 0x100
-    ARGUMENT_ARRAY = 0x2000
-    FROM_HMODULE = 0x800
-    FROM_STRING = 0x400
     FROM_SYSTEM = 0x1000
-    IGNORE_INSERTS = 0x200
 
     # Let FormatMessageW allocate the buffer (we'll free it below)
     # Also, let it know we want a system error message.
@@ -44,7 +33,7 @@ def format_system_message(errno):
     result_buffer = ctypes.wintypes.LPWSTR()
     buffer_size = 0
     arguments = None
-    format_bytes = ctypes.windll.kernel32.FormatMessageW(
+    bytes = ctypes.windll.kernel32.FormatMessageW(
         flags,
         source,
         message_id,
@@ -52,11 +41,11 @@ def format_system_message(errno):
         ctypes.byref(result_buffer),
         buffer_size,
         arguments,
-    )
+        )
     # note the following will cause an infinite loop if GetLastError
     #  repeatedly returns an error that cannot be formatted, although
     #  this should not happen.
-    handle_nonzero_success(format_bytes)
+    handle_nonzero_success(bytes)
     message = result_buffer.value
     ctypes.windll.kernel32.LocalFree(result_buffer)
     return message
@@ -69,7 +58,11 @@ class WindowsError(builtins.WindowsError):
         if value is None:
             value = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetLastError()
         strerror = format_system_message(value)
-        super(WindowsError, self).__init__(value, strerror)
+        if sys.version_info > (3,3):
+            args = 0, strerror, None, value
+        else:
+            args = value, strerror
+        super(WindowsError, self).__init__(*args)
 
     @property
     def message(self):
@@ -90,6 +83,27 @@ def handle_nonzero_success(result):
         raise WindowsError()
 
 
+###########################
+# jaraco.windows.api.memory
+
+GMEM_MOVEABLE = 0x2
+
+GlobalAlloc = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalAlloc
+GlobalAlloc.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.UINT, ctypes.c_ssize_t
+GlobalAlloc.restype = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE
+
+GlobalLock = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalLock
+GlobalLock.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.HGLOBAL,
+GlobalLock.restype = ctypes.wintypes.LPVOID
+
+GlobalUnlock = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalUnlock
+GlobalUnlock.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.HGLOBAL,
+GlobalUnlock.restype = ctypes.wintypes.BOOL
+
+GlobalSize = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GlobalSize
+GlobalSize.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.HGLOBAL,
+GlobalSize.restype = ctypes.c_size_t
+
 CreateFileMapping = ctypes.windll.kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
 CreateFileMapping.argtypes = [
     ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE,
@@ -104,9 +118,12 @@ CreateFileMapping.restype = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE
 MapViewOfFile = ctypes.windll.kernel32.MapViewOfFile
 MapViewOfFile.restype = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE
 
+#####################
+# jaraco.windows.mmap
+
 class MemoryMap(object):
     """
-    A memory map object which can have security attributes overrideden.
+    A memory map object which can have security attributes overridden.
     """
     def __init__(self, name, length, security_attributes=None):
         self.name = name
@@ -136,10 +153,13 @@ class MemoryMap(object):
         self.pos = pos
 
     def write(self, msg):
+        assert isinstance(msg, bytes)
         n = len(msg)
         if self.pos + n >= self.length:  # A little safety.
             raise ValueError("Refusing to write %d bytes" % n)
-        ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory(self.view + self.pos, msg, n)
+        dest = self.view + self.pos
+        length = ctypes.wintypes.SIZE(n)
+        ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory(dest, msg, length)
         self.pos += n
 
     def read(self, n):
@@ -147,7 +167,9 @@ class MemoryMap(object):
         Read n bytes from mapped view.
         """
         out = ctypes.create_string_buffer(n)
-        ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory(out, self.view + self.pos, n)
+        source = self.view + self.pos
+        length = ctypes.wintypes.SIZE(n)
+        ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory(out, source, length)
         self.pos += n
         return out.raw
 
@@ -155,8 +177,71 @@ class MemoryMap(object):
         ctypes.windll.kernel32.UnmapViewOfFile(self.view)
         ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(self.filemap)
 
-#########################
-# jaraco.windows.security
+#############################
+# jaraco.windows.api.security
+
+# from WinNT.h
+READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000
+STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000
+STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = READ_CONTROL
+STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = READ_CONTROL
+STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = READ_CONTROL
+STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = 0x001F0000
+
+# from NTSecAPI.h
+POLICY_VIEW_LOCAL_INFORMATION = 0x00000001
+POLICY_VIEW_AUDIT_INFORMATION = 0x00000002
+POLICY_GET_PRIVATE_INFORMATION = 0x00000004
+POLICY_TRUST_ADMIN = 0x00000008
+POLICY_CREATE_ACCOUNT = 0x00000010
+POLICY_CREATE_SECRET = 0x00000020
+POLICY_CREATE_PRIVILEGE = 0x00000040
+POLICY_SET_DEFAULT_QUOTA_LIMITS = 0x00000080
+POLICY_SET_AUDIT_REQUIREMENTS = 0x00000100
+POLICY_AUDIT_LOG_ADMIN = 0x00000200
+POLICY_SERVER_ADMIN = 0x00000400
+POLICY_LOOKUP_NAMES = 0x00000800
+POLICY_NOTIFICATION = 0x00001000
+
+POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = (
+    STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED |
+    POLICY_VIEW_LOCAL_INFORMATION |
+    POLICY_VIEW_AUDIT_INFORMATION |
+    POLICY_GET_PRIVATE_INFORMATION |
+    POLICY_TRUST_ADMIN |
+    POLICY_CREATE_ACCOUNT |
+    POLICY_CREATE_SECRET |
+    POLICY_CREATE_PRIVILEGE |
+    POLICY_SET_DEFAULT_QUOTA_LIMITS |
+    POLICY_SET_AUDIT_REQUIREMENTS |
+    POLICY_AUDIT_LOG_ADMIN |
+    POLICY_SERVER_ADMIN |
+    POLICY_LOOKUP_NAMES)
+
+
+POLICY_READ = (
+    STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ |
+    POLICY_VIEW_AUDIT_INFORMATION |
+    POLICY_GET_PRIVATE_INFORMATION)
+
+POLICY_WRITE = (
+    STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE |
+    POLICY_TRUST_ADMIN |
+    POLICY_CREATE_ACCOUNT |
+    POLICY_CREATE_SECRET |
+    POLICY_CREATE_PRIVILEGE |
+    POLICY_SET_DEFAULT_QUOTA_LIMITS |
+    POLICY_SET_AUDIT_REQUIREMENTS |
+    POLICY_AUDIT_LOG_ADMIN |
+    POLICY_SERVER_ADMIN)
+
+POLICY_EXECUTE = (
+    STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE |
+    POLICY_VIEW_LOCAL_INFORMATION |
+    POLICY_LOOKUP_NAMES)
+
+class TokenAccess:
+    TOKEN_QUERY = 0x8
 
 class TokenInformationClass:
     TokenUser = 1
@@ -182,7 +267,7 @@ class SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR(ctypes.Structure):
         PACL Dacl;
         }   SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR;
     """
-    SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL = USHORT
+    SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL = ctypes.wintypes.USHORT
     REVISION = 1
 
     _fields_ = [
@@ -219,8 +304,11 @@ class SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES(ctypes.Structure):
 
     @descriptor.setter
     def descriptor(self, value):
-        self._descriptor = descriptor
-        self.lpSecurityDescriptor = ctypes.addressof(descriptor)
+        self._descriptor = value
+        self.lpSecurityDescriptor = ctypes.addressof(value)
+
+#########################
+# jaraco.windows.security
 
 def GetTokenInformation(token, information_class):
     """
@@ -236,9 +324,6 @@ def GetTokenInformation(token, information_class):
         ctypes.byref(data_size)))
     return ctypes.cast(data, ctypes.POINTER(TOKEN_USER)).contents
 
-class TokenAccess:
-    TOKEN_QUERY = 0x8
-
 def OpenProcessToken(proc_handle, access):
     result = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE()
     proc_handle = ctypes.wintypes.HANDLE(proc_handle)
diff --git a/paramiko/agent.py b/paramiko/agent.py
index a75ac59e..6a8e7fb4 100644
--- a/paramiko/agent.py
+++ b/paramiko/agent.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ from select import select
 from paramiko.common import asbytes, io_sleep
 from paramiko.py3compat import byte_chr
 
-from paramiko.ssh_exception import SSHException
+from paramiko.ssh_exception import SSHException, AuthenticationException
 from paramiko.message import Message
 from paramiko.pkey import PKey
 from paramiko.util import retry_on_signal
@@ -109,9 +109,12 @@ class AgentProxyThread(threading.Thread):
     def run(self):
         try:
             (r, addr) = self.get_connection()
+            # Found that r should be either a socket from the socket library or None
             self.__inr = r
-            self.__addr = addr
+            self.__addr = addr # This should be an IP address as a string? or None
             self._agent.connect()
+            if not isinstance(self._agent, int) and (self._agent._conn is None or not hasattr(self._agent._conn, 'fileno')):
+                raise AuthenticationException("Unable to connect to SSH agent")
             self._communicate()
         except:
             #XXX Not sure what to do here ... raise or pass ?
@@ -287,6 +290,26 @@ class AgentServerProxy(AgentSSH):
 
 
 class AgentRequestHandler(object):
+    """
+    Primary/default implementation of SSH agent forwarding functionality.
+
+    Simply instantiate this class, handing it a live command-executing session
+    object, and it will handle forwarding any local SSH agent processes it
+    finds.
+
+    For example::
+
+        # Connect
+        client = SSHClient()
+        client.connect(host, port, username)
+        # Obtain session
+        session = client.get_transport().open_session()
+        # Forward local agent
+        AgentRequestHandler(session)
+        # Commands executed after this point will see the forwarded agent on
+        # the remote end.
+        session.exec_command("git clone https://my.git.repository/")
+    """
     def __init__(self, chanClient):
         self._conn = None
         self.__chanC = chanClient
diff --git a/paramiko/auth_handler.py b/paramiko/auth_handler.py
index c001aeee..ef4a8c7e 100644
--- a/paramiko/auth_handler.py
+++ b/paramiko/auth_handler.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ from paramiko.common import cMSG_SERVICE_REQUEST, cMSG_DISCONNECT, \
     cMSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, cMSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC,\
     MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_RESPONSE, MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, \
     MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERROR, \
-    MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC
+    MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC, MSG_NAMES
 
 from paramiko.message import Message
 from paramiko.py3compat import bytestring
@@ -510,15 +510,11 @@ class AuthHandler (object):
                 result = AUTH_FAILED
                 self._send_auth_result(username, method, result)
                 raise
-            if retval == 0:
-                # TODO: Implement client credential saving.
-                # The OpenSSH server is able to create a TGT with the delegated
-                # client credentials, but this is not supported by GSS-API.
-                result = AUTH_SUCCESSFUL
-                self.transport.server_object.check_auth_gssapi_with_mic(
-                    username, result)
-            else:
-                result = AUTH_FAILED
+            # TODO: Implement client credential saving.
+            # The OpenSSH server is able to create a TGT with the delegated
+            # client credentials, but this is not supported by GSS-API.
+            result = AUTH_SUCCESSFUL
+            self.transport.server_object.check_auth_gssapi_with_mic(username, result)
         elif method == "gssapi-keyex" and gss_auth:
             mic_token = m.get_string()
             sshgss = self.transport.kexgss_ctxt
@@ -534,12 +530,8 @@ class AuthHandler (object):
                 result = AUTH_FAILED
                 self._send_auth_result(username, method, result)
                 raise
-            if retval == 0:
-                result = AUTH_SUCCESSFUL
-                self.transport.server_object.check_auth_gssapi_keyex(username,
-                                                                      result)
-            else:
-                result = AUTH_FAILED
+            result = AUTH_SUCCESSFUL
+            self.transport.server_object.check_auth_gssapi_keyex(username, result)
         else:
             result = self.transport.server_object.check_auth_none(username)
         # okay, send result
diff --git a/paramiko/buffered_pipe.py b/paramiko/buffered_pipe.py
index ac35b3e1..d5fe164e 100644
--- a/paramiko/buffered_pipe.py
+++ b/paramiko/buffered_pipe.py
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class BufferedPipe (object):
         Feed new data into this pipe.  This method is assumed to be called
         from a separate thread, so synchronization is done.
         
-        :param data: the data to add, as a `str`
+        :param data: the data to add, as a `str` or `bytes`
         """
         self._lock.acquire()
         try:
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class BufferedPipe (object):
         :param int nbytes: maximum number of bytes to read
         :param float timeout:
             maximum seconds to wait (or ``None``, the default, to wait forever)
-        :return: the read data, as a `str`
+        :return: the read data, as a `bytes`
         
         :raises PipeTimeout:
             if a timeout was specified and no data was ready before that
diff --git a/paramiko/channel.py b/paramiko/channel.py
index 8a97c974..057b417b 100644
--- a/paramiko/channel.py
+++ b/paramiko/channel.py
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ class Channel (ClosingContextManager):
         further x11 requests can be made from the server to the client,
         when an x11 application is run in a shell session.
 
-        From RFC4254::
+        From :rfc:`4254`::
 
             It is RECOMMENDED that the 'x11 authentication cookie' that is
             sent be a fake, random cookie, and that the cookie be checked and
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ class Channel (ClosingContextManager):
         is returned, the channel stream has closed.
 
         :param int nbytes: maximum number of bytes to read.
-        :return: received data, as a `str`
+        :return: received data, as a `bytes`
 
         :raises socket.timeout:
             if no data is ready before the timeout set by `settimeout`.
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ class Channel (ClosingContextManager):
             else:
                 ok = server.check_channel_env_request(self, name, value)
         elif key == 'exec':
-            cmd = m.get_text()
+            cmd = m.get_string()
             if server is None:
                 ok = False
             else:
diff --git a/paramiko/client.py b/paramiko/client.py
index 1ccf0456..f30aba2f 100644
--- a/paramiko/client.py
+++ b/paramiko/client.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import getpass
 import os
 import socket
 import warnings
+from errno import ECONNREFUSED, EHOSTUNREACH
 
 from paramiko.agent import Agent
 from paramiko.common import DEBUG
@@ -35,7 +36,9 @@ from paramiko.hostkeys import HostKeys
 from paramiko.py3compat import string_types
 from paramiko.resource import ResourceManager
 from paramiko.rsakey import RSAKey
-from paramiko.ssh_exception import SSHException, BadHostKeyException
+from paramiko.ssh_exception import (
+    SSHException, BadHostKeyException, NoValidConnectionsError
+)
 from paramiko.transport import Transport
 from paramiko.util import retry_on_signal, ClosingContextManager
 
@@ -172,10 +175,46 @@ class SSHClient (ClosingContextManager):
         """
         self._policy = policy
 
-    def connect(self, hostname, port=SSH_PORT, username=None, password=None, pkey=None,
-                key_filename=None, timeout=None, allow_agent=True, look_for_keys=True,
-                compress=False, sock=None, gss_auth=False, gss_kex=False,
-                gss_deleg_creds=True, gss_host=None, banner_timeout=None):
+    def _families_and_addresses(self, hostname, port):
+        """
+        Yield pairs of address families and addresses to try for connecting.
+
+        :param str hostname: the server to connect to
+        :param int port: the server port to connect to
+        :returns: Yields an iterable of ``(family, address)`` tuples
+        """
+        guess = True
+        addrinfos = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        for (family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr) in addrinfos:
+            if socktype == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                yield family, sockaddr
+                guess = False
+
+        # some OS like AIX don't indicate SOCK_STREAM support, so just guess. :(
+        # We only do this if we did not get a single result marked as socktype == SOCK_STREAM.
+        if guess:
+            for family, _, _, _, sockaddr in addrinfos:
+                yield family, sockaddr
+
+    def connect(
+        self,
+        hostname,
+        port=SSH_PORT,
+        username=None,
+        password=None,
+        pkey=None,
+        key_filename=None,
+        timeout=None,
+        allow_agent=True,
+        look_for_keys=True,
+        compress=False,
+        sock=None,
+        gss_auth=False,
+        gss_kex=False,
+        gss_deleg_creds=True,
+        gss_host=None,
+        banner_timeout=None
+    ):
         """
         Connect to an SSH server and authenticate to it.  The server's host key
         is checked against the system host keys (see `load_system_host_keys`)
@@ -206,8 +245,10 @@ class SSHClient (ClosingContextManager):
         :param str key_filename:
             the filename, or list of filenames, of optional private key(s) to
             try for authentication
-        :param float timeout: an optional timeout (in seconds) for the TCP connect
-        :param bool allow_agent: set to False to disable connecting to the SSH agent
+        :param float timeout:
+            an optional timeout (in seconds) for the TCP connect
+        :param bool allow_agent:
+            set to False to disable connecting to the SSH agent
         :param bool look_for_keys:
             set to False to disable searching for discoverable private key
             files in ``~/.ssh/``
@@ -215,10 +256,13 @@ class SSHClient (ClosingContextManager):
         :param socket sock:
             an open socket or socket-like object (such as a `.Channel`) to use
             for communication to the target host
-        :param bool gss_auth: ``True`` if you want to use GSS-API authentication
-        :param bool gss_kex: Perform GSS-API Key Exchange and user authentication
+        :param bool gss_auth:
+            ``True`` if you want to use GSS-API authentication
+        :param bool gss_kex:
+            Perform GSS-API Key Exchange and user authentication
         :param bool gss_deleg_creds: Delegate GSS-API client credentials or not
-        :param str gss_host: The targets name in the kerberos database. default: hostname
+        :param str gss_host:
+            The targets name in the kerberos database. default: hostname
         :param float banner_timeout: an optional timeout (in seconds) to wait
             for the SSH banner to be presented.
 
@@ -234,21 +278,37 @@ class SSHClient (ClosingContextManager):
             ``gss_deleg_creds`` and ``gss_host`` arguments.
         """
         if not sock:
-            for (family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr) in socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
-                if socktype == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
-                    af = family
-                    addr = sockaddr
-                    break
-            else:
-                # some OS like AIX don't indicate SOCK_STREAM support, so just guess. :(
-                af, _, _, _, addr = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-            sock = socket.socket(af, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-            if timeout is not None:
+            errors = {}
+            # Try multiple possible address families (e.g. IPv4 vs IPv6)
+            to_try = list(self._families_and_addresses(hostname, port))
+            for af, addr in to_try:
                 try:
-                    sock.settimeout(timeout)
-                except:
-                    pass
-            retry_on_signal(lambda: sock.connect(addr))
+                    sock = socket.socket(af, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+                    if timeout is not None:
+                        try:
+                            sock.settimeout(timeout)
+                        except:
+                            pass
+                    retry_on_signal(lambda: sock.connect(addr))
+                    # Break out of the loop on success
+                    break
+                except socket.error as e:
+                    # Raise anything that isn't a straight up connection error
+                    # (such as a resolution error)
+                    if e.errno not in (ECONNREFUSED, EHOSTUNREACH):
+                        raise
+                    # Capture anything else so we know how the run looks once
+                    # iteration is complete. Retain info about which attempt
+                    # this was.
+                    errors[addr] = e
+
+            # Make sure we explode usefully if no address family attempts
+            # succeeded. We've no way of knowing which error is the "right"
+            # one, so we construct a hybrid exception containing all the real
+            # ones, of a subclass that client code should still be watching for
+            # (socket.error)
+            if len(errors) == len(to_try):
+                raise NoValidConnectionsError(errors)
 
         t = self._transport = Transport(sock, gss_kex=gss_kex, gss_deleg_creds=gss_deleg_creds)
         t.use_compression(compress=compress)
@@ -338,7 +398,7 @@ class SSHClient (ClosingContextManager):
 
         :raises SSHException: if the server fails to execute the command
         """
-        chan = self._transport.open_session()
+        chan = self._transport.open_session(timeout=timeout)
         if get_pty:
             chan.get_pty()
         chan.settimeout(timeout)
diff --git a/paramiko/config.py b/paramiko/config.py
index 233a87d9..0b1345fd 100644
--- a/paramiko/config.py
+++ b/paramiko/config.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class SSHConfig (object):
         """
         Read an OpenSSH config from the given file object.
 
-        :param file file_obj: a file-like object to read the config file from
+        :param file_obj: a file-like object to read the config file from
         """
         host = {"host": ['*'], "config": {}}
         for line in file_obj:
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class SSHConfig (object):
 
         The host-matching rules of OpenSSH's ``ssh_config`` man page are used:
         For each parameter, the first obtained value will be used.  The
-        configuration files contain sections separated by ``Host''
+        configuration files contain sections separated by ``Host``
         specifications, and that section is only applied for hosts that match
         one of the patterns given in the specification.
 
diff --git a/paramiko/ecdsakey.py b/paramiko/ecdsakey.py
index 6b047959..8827a1db 100644
--- a/paramiko/ecdsakey.py
+++ b/paramiko/ecdsakey.py
@@ -129,13 +129,11 @@ class ECDSAKey (PKey):
     @staticmethod
     def generate(curve=curves.NIST256p, progress_func=None):
         """
-        Generate a new private RSA key.  This factory function can be used to
+        Generate a new private ECDSA key.  This factory function can be used to
         generate a new host key or authentication key.
 
-        :param function progress_func:
-            an optional function to call at key points in key generation (used
-            by ``pyCrypto.PublicKey``).
-        :returns: A new private key (`.RSAKey`) object
+        :param function progress_func: Not used for this type of key.
+        :returns: A new private key (`.ECDSAKey`) object
         """
         signing_key = SigningKey.generate(curve)
         key = ECDSAKey(vals=(signing_key, signing_key.get_verifying_key()))
diff --git a/paramiko/hostkeys.py b/paramiko/hostkeys.py
index 84868875..38ac866b 100644
--- a/paramiko/hostkeys.py
+++ b/paramiko/hostkeys.py
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ from paramiko.dsskey import DSSKey
 from paramiko.rsakey import RSAKey
 from paramiko.util import get_logger, constant_time_bytes_eq
 from paramiko.ecdsakey import ECDSAKey
+from paramiko.ssh_exception import SSHException
 
 
 class HostKeys (MutableMapping):
@@ -92,11 +93,14 @@ class HostKeys (MutableMapping):
         :raises IOError: if there was an error reading the file
         """
         with open(filename, 'r') as f:
-            for lineno, line in enumerate(f):
+            for lineno, line in enumerate(f, 1):
                 line = line.strip()
                 if (len(line) == 0) or (line[0] == '#'):
                     continue
-                e = HostKeyEntry.from_line(line, lineno)
+                try:
+                    e = HostKeyEntry.from_line(line, lineno)
+                except SSHException:
+                    continue
                 if e is not None:
                     _hostnames = e.hostnames
                     for h in _hostnames:
diff --git a/paramiko/kex_gex.py b/paramiko/kex_gex.py
index cb548f33..c980b690 100644
--- a/paramiko/kex_gex.py
+++ b/paramiko/kex_gex.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ client side, and a **lot** more on the server side.
 """
 
 import os
-from hashlib import sha1
+from hashlib import sha1, sha256
 
 from paramiko import util
 from paramiko.common import DEBUG
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ class KexGex (object):
     min_bits = 1024
     max_bits = 8192
     preferred_bits = 2048
+    hash_algo = sha1
 
     def __init__(self, transport):
         self.transport = transport
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ class KexGex (object):
             return self._parse_kexdh_gex_reply(m)
         elif ptype == _MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST_OLD:
             return self._parse_kexdh_gex_request_old(m)
-        raise SSHException('KexGex asked to handle packet type %d' % ptype)
+        raise SSHException('KexGex %s asked to handle packet type %d' % self.name, ptype)
 
     ###  internals...
 
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ class KexGex (object):
         hm.add_mpint(self.e)
         hm.add_mpint(self.f)
         hm.add_mpint(K)
-        H = sha1(hm.asbytes()).digest()
+        H = self.hash_algo(hm.asbytes()).digest()
         self.transport._set_K_H(K, H)
         # sign it
         sig = self.transport.get_server_key().sign_ssh_data(H)
@@ -239,6 +240,10 @@ class KexGex (object):
         hm.add_mpint(self.e)
         hm.add_mpint(self.f)
         hm.add_mpint(K)
-        self.transport._set_K_H(K, sha1(hm.asbytes()).digest())
+        self.transport._set_K_H(K, self.hash_algo(hm.asbytes()).digest())
         self.transport._verify_key(host_key, sig)
         self.transport._activate_outbound()
+
+class KexGexSHA256(KexGex):
+    name = 'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256'
+    hash_algo = sha256
diff --git a/paramiko/kex_group1.py b/paramiko/kex_group1.py
index a88f00d2..9eee066c 100644
--- a/paramiko/kex_group1.py
+++ b/paramiko/kex_group1.py
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class KexGroup1(object):
     G = 2
 
     name = 'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1'
+    hash_algo = sha1
 
     def __init__(self, transport):
         self.transport = transport
diff --git a/paramiko/kex_group14.py b/paramiko/kex_group14.py
index a914aeaf..9f7dd216 100644
--- a/paramiko/kex_group14.py
+++ b/paramiko/kex_group14.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ Standard SSH key exchange ("kex" if you wanna sound cool).  Diffie-Hellman of
 """
 
 from paramiko.kex_group1 import KexGroup1
+from hashlib import sha1
 
 
 class KexGroup14(KexGroup1):
@@ -31,3 +32,4 @@ class KexGroup14(KexGroup1):
     G = 2
 
     name = 'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1'
+    hash_algo = sha1
diff --git a/paramiko/kex_gss.py b/paramiko/kex_gss.py
index 4e8380ef..69969f8a 100644
--- a/paramiko/kex_gss.py
+++ b/paramiko/kex_gss.py
@@ -21,14 +21,15 @@
 
 
 """
-This module provides GSS-API / SSPI Key Exchange as defined in RFC 4462.
+This module provides GSS-API / SSPI Key Exchange as defined in :rfc:`4462`.
 
 .. note:: Credential delegation is not supported in server mode.
 
 .. note::
-    `RFC 4462 Section 2.2 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4462.txt>`_ says we are
-    not required to implement GSS-API error messages. Thus, in many methods
-    within this module, if an error occurs an exception will be thrown and the
+    `RFC 4462 Section 2.2
+    <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4462.html#section-2.2>`_ says we are not
+    required to implement GSS-API error messages. Thus, in many methods within
+    this module, if an error occurs an exception will be thrown and the
     connection will be terminated.
 
 .. seealso:: :doc:`/api/ssh_gss`
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ This module provides GSS-API / SSPI Key Exchange as defined in RFC 4462.
 .. versionadded:: 1.15
 """
 
+import os
 from hashlib import sha1
 
 from paramiko.common import *
@@ -55,8 +57,8 @@ c_MSG_KEXGSS_GROUPREQ, c_MSG_KEXGSS_GROUP = [byte_chr(c) for c in range(40, 42)]
 
 class KexGSSGroup1(object):
     """
-    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
-    as defined in `RFC 4462 Section 2 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4462.txt>`_
+    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange as defined in `RFC
+    4462 Section 2 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4462.html#section-2>`_
     """
     # draft-ietf-secsh-transport-09.txt, page 17
     P = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD129024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DDEF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A637ED6B0BFF5CB6F406B7EDEE386BFB5A899FA5AE9F24117C4B1FE649286651ECE65381FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ class KexGSSGroup1(object):
         larger than q (but this is a tiny tiny subset of potential x).
         """
         while 1:
-            x_bytes = self.transport.rng.read(128)
+            x_bytes = os.urandom(128)
             x_bytes = byte_mask(x_bytes[0], 0x7f) + x_bytes[1:]
             if (x_bytes[:8] != self.b7fffffffffffffff) and \
                    (x_bytes[:8] != self.b0000000000000000):
@@ -278,8 +280,9 @@ class KexGSSGroup1(object):
 
 class KexGSSGroup14(KexGSSGroup1):
     """
-    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Group14 Key Exchange
-    as defined in `RFC 4462 Section 2 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4462.txt>`_
+    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Group14 Key Exchange as defined
+    in `RFC 4462 Section 2
+    <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4462.html#section-2>`_
     """
     P = 0x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
     G = 2
@@ -288,8 +291,8 @@ class KexGSSGroup14(KexGSSGroup1):
 
 class KexGSSGex(object):
     """
-    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange
-    as defined in `RFC 4462 Section 2 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4462.txt>`_
+    GSS-API / SSPI Authenticated Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange as defined in
+    `RFC 4462 Section 2 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4462.html#section-2>`_
     """
     NAME = "gss-gex-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g=="
     min_bits = 1024
@@ -364,7 +367,7 @@ class KexGSSGex(object):
             qhbyte <<= 1
             qmask >>= 1
         while True:
-            x_bytes = self.transport.rng.read(byte_count)
+            x_bytes = os.urandom(byte_count)
             x_bytes = byte_mask(x_bytes[0], qmask) + x_bytes[1:]
             x = util.inflate_long(x_bytes, 1)
             if (x > 1) and (x < q):
@@ -590,8 +593,9 @@ class KexGSSGex(object):
 
 class NullHostKey(object):
     """
-    This class represents the Null Host Key for GSS-API Key Exchange
-    as defined in `RFC 4462 Section 5 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4462.txt>`_
+    This class represents the Null Host Key for GSS-API Key Exchange as defined
+    in `RFC 4462 Section 5
+    <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4462.html#section-5>`_
     """
     def __init__(self):
         self.key = ""
diff --git a/paramiko/message.py b/paramiko/message.py
index b893e76d..bf4c6b95 100644
--- a/paramiko/message.py
+++ b/paramiko/message.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class Message (object):
         b = self.get_bytes(1)
         return b != zero_byte
 
-    def get_int(self):
+    def get_adaptive_int(self):
         """
         Fetch an int from the stream.
 
@@ -141,20 +141,7 @@ class Message (object):
         byte += self.get_bytes(3)
         return struct.unpack('>I', byte)[0]
 
-    def get_size(self):
-        """
-        Fetch an int from the stream.
-
-        @return: a 32-bit unsigned integer.
-        @rtype: int
-        """
-        byte = self.get_bytes(1)
-        if byte == max_byte:
-            return util.inflate_long(self.get_binary())
-        byte += self.get_bytes(3)
-        return struct.unpack('>I', byte)[0]
-
-    def get_size(self):
+    def get_int(self):
         """
         Fetch an int from the stream.
 
@@ -185,7 +172,7 @@ class Message (object):
         contain unprintable characters.  (It's not unheard of for a string to
         contain another byte-stream message.)
         """
-        return self.get_bytes(self.get_size())
+        return self.get_bytes(self.get_int())
 
     def get_text(self):
         """
@@ -196,7 +183,7 @@ class Message (object):
         @return: a string.
         @rtype: string
         """
-        return u(self.get_bytes(self.get_size()))
+        return u(self.get_bytes(self.get_int()))
         #return self.get_bytes(self.get_size())
 
     def get_binary(self):
@@ -208,7 +195,7 @@ class Message (object):
         @return: a string.
         @rtype: string
         """
-        return self.get_bytes(self.get_size())
+        return self.get_bytes(self.get_int())
 
     def get_list(self):
         """
@@ -248,7 +235,7 @@ class Message (object):
             self.packet.write(zero_byte)
         return self
             
-    def add_size(self, n):
+    def add_int(self, n):
         """
         Add an integer to the stream.
         
@@ -257,7 +244,7 @@ class Message (object):
         self.packet.write(struct.pack('>I', n))
         return self
             
-    def add_int(self, n):
+    def add_adaptive_int(self, n):
         """
         Add an integer to the stream.
         
@@ -270,20 +257,6 @@ class Message (object):
             self.packet.write(struct.pack('>I', n))
         return self
 
-    def add_int(self, n):
-        """
-        Add an integer to the stream.
-
-        @param n: integer to add
-        @type n: int
-        """
-        if n >= Message.big_int:
-            self.packet.write(max_byte)
-            self.add_string(util.deflate_long(n))
-        else:
-            self.packet.write(struct.pack('>I', n))
-        return self
-
     def add_int64(self, n):
         """
         Add a 64-bit int to the stream.
@@ -310,7 +283,7 @@ class Message (object):
         :param str s: string to add
         """
         s = asbytes(s)
-        self.add_size(len(s))
+        self.add_int(len(s))
         self.packet.write(s)
         return self
 
@@ -329,7 +302,7 @@ class Message (object):
         if type(i) is bool:
             return self.add_boolean(i)
         elif isinstance(i, integer_types):
-            return self.add_int(i)
+            return self.add_adaptive_int(i)
         elif type(i) is list:
             return self.add_list(i)
         else:
diff --git a/paramiko/packet.py b/paramiko/packet.py
index f516ff9b..2be2bb2b 100644
--- a/paramiko/packet.py
+++ b/paramiko/packet.py
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ class Packetizer (object):
         self.__keepalive_last = time.time()
         self.__keepalive_callback = None
 
+        self.__timer = None
+        self.__handshake_complete = False
+        self.__timer_expired = False
+
     def set_log(self, log):
         """
         Set the Python log object to use for logging.
@@ -182,6 +186,45 @@ class Packetizer (object):
         self.__keepalive_callback = callback
         self.__keepalive_last = time.time()
 
+    def read_timer(self):
+        self.__timer_expired = True
+
+    def start_handshake(self, timeout):
+        """
+        Tells `Packetizer` that the handshake process started.
+        Starts a book keeping timer that can signal a timeout in the
+        handshake process.
+
+        :param float timeout: amount of seconds to wait before timing out
+        """
+        if not self.__timer:
+            self.__timer = threading.Timer(float(timeout), self.read_timer)
+            self.__timer.start()
+
+    def handshake_timed_out(self):
+        """
+        Checks if the handshake has timed out.
+        If `start_handshake` wasn't called before the call to this function
+        the return value will always be `False`.
+        If the handshake completed before a time out was reached the return value will be `False`
+
+        :return: handshake time out status, as a `bool`
+        """
+        if not self.__timer:
+            return False
+        if self.__handshake_complete:
+            return False
+        return self.__timer_expired
+
+    def complete_handshake(self):
+        """
+        Tells `Packetizer` that the handshake has completed.
+        """
+        if self.__timer:
+            self.__timer.cancel()
+            self.__timer_expired = False
+            self.__handshake_complete = True
+
     def read_all(self, n, check_rekey=False):
         """
         Read as close to N bytes as possible, blocking as long as necessary.
@@ -200,6 +243,8 @@ class Packetizer (object):
             n -= len(out)
         while n > 0:
             got_timeout = False
+            if self.handshake_timed_out():
+                raise EOFError()
             try:
                 x = self.__socket.recv(n)
                 if len(x) == 0:
@@ -344,7 +389,8 @@ class Packetizer (object):
         if self.__dump_packets:
             self._log(DEBUG, util.format_binary(header, 'IN: '))
         packet_size = struct.unpack('>I', header[:4])[0]
-        # leftover contains decrypted bytes from the first block (after the length field)
+        # leftover contains decrypted bytes from the first block (after the
+        # length field)
         leftover = header[4:]
         if (packet_size - len(leftover)) % self.__block_size_in != 0:
             raise SSHException('Invalid packet blocking')
diff --git a/paramiko/pkey.py b/paramiko/pkey.py
index 1b4af010..e95d60ba 100644
--- a/paramiko/pkey.py
+++ b/paramiko/pkey.py
@@ -171,8 +171,9 @@ class PKey (object):
         is useless on the abstract PKey class.
 
         :param str filename: name of the file to read
-        :param str password: an optional password to use to decrypt the key file,
-            if it's encrypted
+        :param str password:
+            an optional password to use to decrypt the key file, if it's
+            encrypted
         :return: a new `.PKey` based on the given private key
 
         :raises IOError: if there was an error reading the file
@@ -187,18 +188,18 @@ class PKey (object):
     def from_private_key(cls, file_obj, password=None):
         """
         Create a key object by reading a private key from a file (or file-like)
-        object.  If the private key is encrypted and ``password`` is not ``None``,
-        the given password will be used to decrypt the key (otherwise
+        object.  If the private key is encrypted and ``password`` is not
+        ``None``, the given password will be used to decrypt the key (otherwise
         `.PasswordRequiredException` is thrown).
 
-        :param file file_obj: the file to read from
+        :param file_obj: the file-like object to read from
         :param str password:
             an optional password to use to decrypt the key, if it's encrypted
         :return: a new `.PKey` based on the given private key
 
         :raises IOError: if there was an error reading the key
-        :raises PasswordRequiredException: if the private key file is encrypted,
-            and ``password`` is ``None``
+        :raises PasswordRequiredException:
+            if the private key file is encrypted, and ``password`` is ``None``
         :raises SSHException: if the key file is invalid
         """
         key = cls(file_obj=file_obj, password=password)
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ class PKey (object):
         Write private key contents into a file (or file-like) object.  If the
         password is not ``None``, the key is encrypted before writing.
 
-        :param file file_obj: the file object to write into
+        :param file_obj: the file-like object to write into
         :param str password: an optional password to use to encrypt the key
 
         :raises IOError: if there was an error writing to the file
@@ -273,7 +274,7 @@ class PKey (object):
             start += 1
         # find end
         end = start
-        while (lines[end].strip() != '-----END ' + tag + ' PRIVATE KEY-----') and (end < len(lines)):
+        while end < len(lines) and lines[end].strip() != '-----END ' + tag + ' PRIVATE KEY-----':
             end += 1
         # if we trudged to the end of the file, just try to cope.
         try:
@@ -309,8 +310,9 @@ class PKey (object):
         a trivially-encoded format (base64) which is completely insecure.  If
         a password is given, DES-EDE3-CBC is used.
 
-        :param str tag: ``"RSA"`` or ``"DSA"``, the tag used to mark the data block.
-        :param file filename: name of the file to write.
+        :param str tag:
+            ``"RSA"`` or ``"DSA"``, the tag used to mark the data block.
+        :param filename: name of the file to write.
         :param str data: data blob that makes up the private key.
         :param str password: an optional password to use to encrypt the file.
 
diff --git a/paramiko/py3compat.py b/paramiko/py3compat.py
index 57c096b2..6fafc31d 100644
--- a/paramiko/py3compat.py
+++ b/paramiko/py3compat.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import base64
 
 __all__ = ['PY2', 'string_types', 'integer_types', 'text_type', 'bytes_types', 'bytes', 'long', 'input',
            'decodebytes', 'encodebytes', 'bytestring', 'byte_ord', 'byte_chr', 'byte_mask',
-           'b', 'u', 'b2s', 'StringIO', 'BytesIO', 'is_callable', 'MAXSIZE', 'next']
+           'b', 'u', 'b2s', 'StringIO', 'BytesIO', 'is_callable', 'MAXSIZE', 'next', 'builtins']
 
 PY2 = sys.version_info[0] < 3
 
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ if PY2:
     decodebytes = base64.decodestring
     encodebytes = base64.encodestring
 
+    import __builtin__ as builtins
+
 
     def bytestring(s):  # NOQA
         if isinstance(s, unicode):
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@ if PY2:
 else:
     import collections
     import struct
+    import builtins
     string_types = str
     text_type = str
     bytes = bytes
diff --git a/paramiko/server.py b/paramiko/server.py
index bf5039a2..f79a1748 100644
--- a/paramiko/server.py
+++ b/paramiko/server.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 import threading
 from paramiko import util
-from paramiko.common import DEBUG, ERROR, OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED, AUTH_FAILED
+from paramiko.common import DEBUG, ERROR, OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED, AUTH_FAILED, AUTH_SUCCESSFUL
 from paramiko.py3compat import string_types
 
 
diff --git a/paramiko/sftp_attr.py b/paramiko/sftp_attr.py
index cf48f654..0eaca30b 100644
--- a/paramiko/sftp_attr.py
+++ b/paramiko/sftp_attr.py
@@ -209,12 +209,15 @@ class SFTPAttributes (object):
         # not all servers support uid/gid
         uid = self.st_uid
         gid = self.st_gid
+        size = self.st_size
         if uid is None:
             uid = 0
         if gid is None:
             gid = 0
+        if size is None:
+            size = 0
 
-        return '%s   1 %-8d %-8d %8d %-12s %s' % (ks, uid, gid, self.st_size, datestr, filename)
+        return '%s   1 %-8d %-8d %8d %-12s %s' % (ks, uid, gid, size, datestr, filename)
 
     def asbytes(self):
         return b(str(self))
diff --git a/paramiko/sftp_client.py b/paramiko/sftp_client.py
index 89840eaa..55302ffd 100644
--- a/paramiko/sftp_client.py
+++ b/paramiko/sftp_client.py
@@ -589,6 +589,7 @@ class SFTPClient(BaseSFTP, ClosingContextManager):
 
         .. versionadded:: 1.4
         """
+        # TODO: make class initialize with self._cwd set to self.normalize('.')
         return self._cwd and u(self._cwd)
 
     def putfo(self, fl, remotepath, file_size=0, callback=None, confirm=True):
@@ -599,7 +600,7 @@ class SFTPClient(BaseSFTP, ClosingContextManager):
 
         The SFTP operations use pipelining for speed.
 
-        :param file fl: opened file or file-like object to copy
+        :param fl: opened file or file-like object to copy
         :param str remotepath: the destination path on the SFTP server
         :param int file_size:
             optional size parameter passed to callback. If none is specified,
diff --git a/paramiko/ssh_exception.py b/paramiko/ssh_exception.py
index b99e42b3..02f3e52e 100644
--- a/paramiko/ssh_exception.py
+++ b/paramiko/ssh_exception.py
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 # along with Paramiko; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 # 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA.
 
+import socket
+
 
 class SSHException (Exception):
     """
@@ -105,7 +107,11 @@ class BadHostKeyException (SSHException):
     .. versionadded:: 1.6
     """
     def __init__(self, hostname, got_key, expected_key):
-        SSHException.__init__(self, 'Host key for server %s does not match!' % hostname)
+        SSHException.__init__(self,
+                              'Host key for server %s does not match : got %s expected %s' % (
+                                  hostname,
+                                  got_key.get_base64(),
+                                  expected_key.get_base64()))
         self.hostname = hostname
         self.key = got_key
         self.expected_key = expected_key
@@ -129,3 +135,39 @@ class ProxyCommandFailure (SSHException):
         self.error = error
         # for unpickling
         self.args = (command, error, )
+
+
+class NoValidConnectionsError(socket.error):
+    """
+    Multiple connection attempts were made and no families succeeded.
+
+    This exception class wraps multiple "real" underlying connection errors,
+    all of which represent failed connection attempts. Because these errors are
+    not guaranteed to all be of the same error type (i.e. different errno,
+    `socket.error` subclass, message, etc) we expose a single unified error
+    message and a ``None`` errno so that instances of this class match most
+    normal handling of `socket.error` objects.
+    
+    To see the wrapped exception objects, access the ``errors`` attribute.
+    ``errors`` is a dict whose keys are address tuples (e.g. ``('127.0.0.1',
+    22)``) and whose values are the exception encountered trying to connect to
+    that address.
+
+    It is implied/assumed that all the errors given to a single instance of
+    this class are from connecting to the same hostname + port (and thus that
+    the differences are in the resolution of the hostname - e.g. IPv4 vs v6).
+    """
+    def __init__(self, errors):
+        """
+        :param dict errors:
+            The errors dict to store, as described by class docstring.
+        """
+        addrs = errors.keys()
+        body = ', '.join([x[0] for x in addrs[:-1]])
+        tail = addrs[-1][0]
+        msg = "Unable to connect to port {0} on {1} or {2}"
+        super(NoValidConnectionsError, self).__init__(
+            None, # stand-in for errno
+            msg.format(addrs[0][1], body, tail)
+        )
+        self.errors = errors
diff --git a/paramiko/ssh_gss.py b/paramiko/ssh_gss.py
index ebf2cc80..e9b13a66 100644
--- a/paramiko/ssh_gss.py
+++ b/paramiko/ssh_gss.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 
 """
-This module provides GSS-API / SSPI  authentication as defined in RFC 4462.
+This module provides GSS-API / SSPI  authentication as defined in :rfc:`4462`.
 
 .. note:: Credential delegation is not supported in server mode.
 
@@ -360,8 +360,8 @@ class _SSH_GSSAPI(_SSH_GSSAuth):
         :param str mic_token: The MIC token received from the client
         :param str session_id: The SSH session ID
         :param str username: The name of the user who attempts to login
-        :return: 0 if the MIC check was successful and 1 if it fails
-        :rtype: int
+        :return: None if the MIC check was successful
+        :raises gssapi.GSSException: if the MIC check failed
         """
         self._session_id = session_id
         self._username = username
@@ -371,11 +371,7 @@ class _SSH_GSSAPI(_SSH_GSSAuth):
                                         self._username,
                                         self._service,
                                         self._auth_method)
-            try:
-                self._gss_srv_ctxt.verify_mic(mic_field,
-                                              mic_token)
-            except gssapi.BadSignature:
-                raise Exception("GSS-API MIC check failed.")
+            self._gss_srv_ctxt.verify_mic(mic_field, mic_token)
         else:
             # for key exchange with gssapi-keyex
             # client mode
@@ -534,31 +530,26 @@ class _SSH_SSPI(_SSH_GSSAuth):
         :param str mic_token: The MIC token received from the client
         :param str session_id: The SSH session ID
         :param str username: The name of the user who attempts to login
-        :return: 0 if the MIC check was successful
-        :rtype: int
+        :return: None if the MIC check was successful
+        :raises sspi.error: if the MIC check failed
         """
         self._session_id = session_id
         self._username = username
-        mic_status = 1
         if username is not None:
             # server mode
             mic_field = self._ssh_build_mic(self._session_id,
                                             self._username,
                                             self._service,
                                             self._auth_method)
-            mic_status = self._gss_srv_ctxt.verify(mic_field,
-                                                   mic_token)
+            # Verifies data and its signature.  If verification fails, an 
+            # sspi.error will be raised.
+            self._gss_srv_ctxt.verify(mic_field, mic_token)
         else:
             # for key exchange with gssapi-keyex
             # client mode
-            mic_status = self._gss_ctxt.verify(self._session_id,
-                                               mic_token)
-        """
-        The SSPI method C{verify} has no return value, so if no SSPI error
-        is returned, set C{mic_status} to 0.
-        """
-        mic_status = 0
-        return mic_status
+            # Verifies data and its signature.  If verification fails, an 
+            # sspi.error will be raised.
+            self._gss_ctxt.verify(self._session_id, mic_token)
 
     @property
     def credentials_delegated(self):
diff --git a/paramiko/transport.py b/paramiko/transport.py
index 4fa36191..18fb103b 100644
--- a/paramiko/transport.py
+++ b/paramiko/transport.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import sys
 import threading
 import time
 import weakref
-from hashlib import md5, sha1
+from hashlib import md5, sha1, sha256, sha512
 
 import paramiko
 from paramiko import util
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ from paramiko.common import xffffffff, cMSG_CHANNEL_OPEN, cMSG_IGNORE, \
     MAX_WINDOW_SIZE, DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE, DEFAULT_MAX_PACKET_SIZE
 from paramiko.compress import ZlibCompressor, ZlibDecompressor
 from paramiko.dsskey import DSSKey
-from paramiko.kex_gex import KexGex
+from paramiko.kex_gex import KexGex, KexGexSHA256
 from paramiko.kex_group1 import KexGroup1
 from paramiko.kex_group14 import KexGroup14
 from paramiko.kex_gss import KexGSSGex, KexGSSGroup1, KexGSSGroup14, NullHostKey
@@ -95,27 +95,109 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
     _PROTO_ID = '2.0'
     _CLIENT_ID = 'paramiko_%s' % paramiko.__version__
 
-    _preferred_ciphers = ('aes128-ctr', 'aes256-ctr', 'aes128-cbc', 'blowfish-cbc',
-                          'aes256-cbc', '3des-cbc', 'arcfour128', 'arcfour256')
-    _preferred_macs = ('hmac-sha1', 'hmac-md5', 'hmac-sha1-96', 'hmac-md5-96')
-    _preferred_keys = ('ssh-rsa', 'ssh-dss', 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256')
-    _preferred_kex =  ( 'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1', 'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1' , 'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1')
+    # These tuples of algorithm identifiers are in preference order; do not
+    # reorder without reason!
+    _preferred_ciphers = (
+        'aes128-ctr',
+        'aes192-ctr',
+        'aes256-ctr',
+        'aes128-cbc',
+        'blowfish-cbc',
+        'aes192-cbc',
+        'aes256-cbc',
+        '3des-cbc',
+        'arcfour128',
+        'arcfour256',
+    )
+    _preferred_macs = (
+        'hmac-sha2-256',
+        'hmac-sha2-512',
+        'hmac-md5',
+        'hmac-sha1-96',
+        'hmac-md5-96',
+        'hmac-sha1',
+    )
+    _preferred_keys = (
+        'ssh-rsa',
+        'ssh-dss',
+        'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256',
+    )
+    _preferred_kex =  (
+        'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1',
+        'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1',
+        'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1',
+        'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256',
+    )
     _preferred_compression = ('none',)
 
     _cipher_info = {
-        'aes128-ctr': {'class': AES, 'mode': AES.MODE_CTR, 'block-size': 16, 'key-size': 16},
-        'aes256-ctr': {'class': AES, 'mode': AES.MODE_CTR, 'block-size': 16, 'key-size': 32},
-        'blowfish-cbc': {'class': Blowfish, 'mode': Blowfish.MODE_CBC, 'block-size': 8, 'key-size': 16},
-        'aes128-cbc': {'class': AES, 'mode': AES.MODE_CBC, 'block-size': 16, 'key-size': 16},
-        'aes256-cbc': {'class': AES, 'mode': AES.MODE_CBC, 'block-size': 16, 'key-size': 32},
-        '3des-cbc': {'class': DES3, 'mode': DES3.MODE_CBC, 'block-size': 8, 'key-size': 24},
-        'arcfour128': {'class': ARC4, 'mode': None, 'block-size': 8, 'key-size': 16},
-        'arcfour256': {'class': ARC4, 'mode': None, 'block-size': 8, 'key-size': 32},
+        'aes128-ctr': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CTR,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 16
+        },
+        'aes192-ctr': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CTR,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 24
+        },
+        'aes256-ctr': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CTR,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 32
+        },
+        'blowfish-cbc': {
+            'class': Blowfish,
+            'mode': Blowfish.MODE_CBC,
+            'block-size': 8,
+            'key-size': 16
+        },
+        'aes128-cbc': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CBC,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 16
+        },
+        'aes192-cbc': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CBC,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 24
+        },
+        'aes256-cbc': {
+            'class': AES,
+            'mode': AES.MODE_CBC,
+            'block-size': 16,
+            'key-size': 32
+        },
+        '3des-cbc': {
+            'class': DES3,
+            'mode': DES3.MODE_CBC,
+            'block-size': 8,
+            'key-size': 24
+        },
+        'arcfour128': {
+            'class': ARC4,
+            'mode': None,
+            'block-size': 8,
+            'key-size': 16
+        },
+        'arcfour256': {
+            'class': ARC4,
+            'mode': None,
+            'block-size': 8,
+            'key-size': 32
+        },
     }
 
     _mac_info = {
         'hmac-sha1': {'class': sha1, 'size': 20},
         'hmac-sha1-96': {'class': sha1, 'size': 12},
+        'hmac-sha2-256': {'class': sha256, 'size': 32},
+        'hmac-sha2-512': {'class': sha512, 'size': 64},
         'hmac-md5': {'class': md5, 'size': 16},
         'hmac-md5-96': {'class': md5, 'size': 12},
     }
@@ -130,6 +212,7 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1': KexGroup1,
         'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1': KexGroup14,
         'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1': KexGex,
+        'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256': KexGexSHA256,
         'gss-group1-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==': KexGSSGroup1,
         'gss-group14-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==': KexGSSGroup14,
         'gss-gex-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==': KexGSSGex
@@ -296,6 +379,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         self.global_response = None     # response Message from an arbitrary global request
         self.completion_event = None    # user-defined event callbacks
         self.banner_timeout = 15        # how long (seconds) to wait for the SSH banner
+        self.handshake_timeout = 15     # how long (seconds) to wait for the handshake to finish after SSH banner sent.
+
 
         # server mode:
         self.server_mode = False
@@ -588,7 +673,7 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         """
         return self.active
 
-    def open_session(self, window_size=None, max_packet_size=None):
+    def open_session(self, window_size=None, max_packet_size=None, timeout=None):
         """
         Request a new channel to the server, of type ``"session"``.  This is
         just an alias for calling `open_channel` with an argument of
@@ -613,7 +698,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         """
         return self.open_channel('session',
                                  window_size=window_size,
-                                 max_packet_size=max_packet_size)
+                                 max_packet_size=max_packet_size,
+                                 timeout=timeout)
 
     def open_x11_channel(self, src_addr=None):
         """
@@ -660,7 +746,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
                      dest_addr=None,
                      src_addr=None,
                      window_size=None,
-                     max_packet_size=None):
+                     max_packet_size=None,
+                     timeout=None):
         """
         Request a new channel to the server. `Channels <.Channel>` are
         socket-like objects used for the actual transfer of data across the
@@ -684,17 +771,20 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             optional window size for this session.
         :param int max_packet_size:
             optional max packet size for this session.
+        :param float timeout:
+            optional timeout opening a channel, default 3600s (1h)
 
         :return: a new `.Channel` on success
 
-        :raises SSHException: if the request is rejected or the session ends
-            prematurely
+        :raises SSHException: if the request is rejected, the session ends
+            prematurely or there is a timeout openning a channel
 
         .. versionchanged:: 1.15
             Added the ``window_size`` and ``max_packet_size`` arguments.
         """
         if not self.active:
             raise SSHException('SSH session not active')
+        timeout = 3600 if timeout is None else timeout
         self.lock.acquire()
         try:
             window_size = self._sanitize_window_size(window_size)
@@ -723,6 +813,7 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         finally:
             self.lock.release()
         self._send_user_message(m)
+        start_ts = time.time()
         while True:
             event.wait(0.1)
             if not self.active:
@@ -732,6 +823,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
                 raise e
             if event.is_set():
                 break
+            elif start_ts + timeout < time.time():
+                raise SSHException('Timeout openning channel.')
         chan = self._channels.get(chanid)
         if chan is not None:
             return chan
@@ -1519,13 +1612,23 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         m.add_bytes(self.H)
         m.add_byte(b(id))
         m.add_bytes(self.session_id)
-        out = sofar = sha1(m.asbytes()).digest()
+        # Fallback to SHA1 for kex engines that fail to specify a hex
+        # algorithm, or for e.g. transport tests that don't run kexinit.
+        hash_algo = getattr(self.kex_engine, 'hash_algo', None)
+        hash_select_msg = "kex engine %s specified hash_algo %r" % (self.kex_engine.__class__.__name__, hash_algo)
+        if hash_algo is None:
+            hash_algo = sha1
+            hash_select_msg += ", falling back to sha1"
+        if not hasattr(self, '_logged_hash_selection'):
+            self._log(DEBUG, hash_select_msg)
+            setattr(self, '_logged_hash_selection', True)
+        out = sofar = hash_algo(m.asbytes()).digest()
         while len(out) < nbytes:
             m = Message()
             m.add_mpint(self.K)
             m.add_bytes(self.H)
             m.add_bytes(sofar)
-            digest = sha1(m.asbytes()).digest()
+            digest = hash_algo(m.asbytes()).digest()
             out += digest
             sofar += digest
         return out[:nbytes]
@@ -1603,7 +1706,16 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         try:
             try:
                 self.packetizer.write_all(b(self.local_version + '\r\n'))
+                self._log(DEBUG, 'Local version/idstring: %s' % self.local_version)
                 self._check_banner()
+                # The above is actually very much part of the handshake, but
+                # sometimes the banner can be read but the machine is not
+                # responding, for example when the remote ssh daemon is loaded
+                # in to memory but we can not read from the disk/spawn a new
+                # shell.
+                # Make sure we can specify a timeout for the initial handshake.
+                # Re-use the banner timeout for now.
+                self.packetizer.start_handshake(self.handshake_timeout)
                 self._send_kex_init()
                 self._expect_packet(MSG_KEXINIT)
 
@@ -1653,6 +1765,7 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
                         msg.add_byte(cMSG_UNIMPLEMENTED)
                         msg.add_int(m.seqno)
                         self._send_message(msg)
+                    self.packetizer.complete_handshake()
             except SSHException as e:
                 self._log(ERROR, 'Exception: ' + str(e))
                 self._log(ERROR, util.tb_strings())
@@ -1701,6 +1814,18 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             if self.sys.modules is not None:
                 raise
 
+
+    def _log_agreement(self, which, local, remote):
+        # Log useful, non-duplicative line re: an agreed-upon algorithm.
+        # Old code implied algorithms could be asymmetrical (different for
+        # inbound vs outbound) so we preserve that possibility.
+        msg = "{0} agreed: ".format(which)
+        if local == remote:
+            msg += local
+        else:
+            msg += "local={0}, remote={1}".format(local, remote)
+        self._log(DEBUG, msg)
+
     ###  protocol stages
 
     def _negotiate_keys(self, m):
@@ -1738,6 +1863,7 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             raise SSHException('Indecipherable protocol version "' + buf + '"')
         # save this server version string for later
         self.remote_version = buf
+        self._log(DEBUG, 'Remote version/idstring: %s' % buf)
         # pull off any attached comment
         comment = ''
         i = buf.find(' ')
@@ -1766,10 +1892,12 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             self.clear_to_send_lock.release()
         self.in_kex = True
         if self.server_mode:
-            if (self._modulus_pack is None) and ('diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1' in self._preferred_kex):
+            mp_required_prefix = 'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha'
+            kex_mp = [k for k in self._preferred_kex if k.startswith(mp_required_prefix)]
+            if (self._modulus_pack is None) and (len(kex_mp) > 0):
                 # can't do group-exchange if we don't have a pack of potential primes
-                pkex = list(self.get_security_options().kex)
-                pkex.remove('diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1')
+                pkex = [k for k in self.get_security_options().kex
+                                if not k.startswith(mp_required_prefix)]
                 self.get_security_options().kex = pkex
             available_server_keys = list(filter(list(self.server_key_dict.keys()).__contains__,
                                                 self._preferred_keys))
@@ -1821,15 +1949,24 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
                   ' server lang:' + str(server_lang_list) +
                   ' kex follows?' + str(kex_follows))
 
-        # as a server, we pick the first item in the client's list that we support.
-        # as a client, we pick the first item in our list that the server supports.
+        # as a server, we pick the first item in the client's list that we
+        # support.
+        # as a client, we pick the first item in our list that the server
+        # supports.
         if self.server_mode:
-            agreed_kex = list(filter(self._preferred_kex.__contains__, kex_algo_list))
+            agreed_kex = list(filter(
+                self._preferred_kex.__contains__,
+                kex_algo_list
+            ))
         else:
-            agreed_kex = list(filter(kex_algo_list.__contains__, self._preferred_kex))
+            agreed_kex = list(filter(
+                kex_algo_list.__contains__,
+                self._preferred_kex
+            ))
         if len(agreed_kex) == 0:
             raise SSHException('Incompatible ssh peer (no acceptable kex algorithm)')
         self.kex_engine = self._kex_info[agreed_kex[0]](self)
+        self._log(DEBUG, "Kex agreed: %s" % agreed_kex[0])
 
         if self.server_mode:
             available_server_keys = list(filter(list(self.server_key_dict.keys()).__contains__,
@@ -1857,7 +1994,9 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             raise SSHException('Incompatible ssh server (no acceptable ciphers)')
         self.local_cipher = agreed_local_ciphers[0]
         self.remote_cipher = agreed_remote_ciphers[0]
-        self._log(DEBUG, 'Ciphers agreed: local=%s, remote=%s' % (self.local_cipher, self.remote_cipher))
+        self._log_agreement(
+            'Cipher', local=self.local_cipher, remote=self.remote_cipher
+        )
 
         if self.server_mode:
             agreed_remote_macs = list(filter(self._preferred_macs.__contains__, client_mac_algo_list))
@@ -1869,6 +2008,9 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             raise SSHException('Incompatible ssh server (no acceptable macs)')
         self.local_mac = agreed_local_macs[0]
         self.remote_mac = agreed_remote_macs[0]
+        self._log_agreement(
+            'MAC', local=self.local_mac, remote=self.remote_mac
+        )
 
         if self.server_mode:
             agreed_remote_compression = list(filter(self._preferred_compression.__contains__, client_compress_algo_list))
@@ -1880,10 +2022,11 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
             raise SSHException('Incompatible ssh server (no acceptable compression) %r %r %r' % (agreed_local_compression, agreed_remote_compression, self._preferred_compression))
         self.local_compression = agreed_local_compression[0]
         self.remote_compression = agreed_remote_compression[0]
-
-        self._log(DEBUG, 'using kex %s; server key type %s; cipher: local %s, remote %s; mac: local %s, remote %s; compression: local %s, remote %s' %
-                  (agreed_kex[0], self.host_key_type, self.local_cipher, self.remote_cipher, self.local_mac,
-                   self.remote_mac, self.local_compression, self.remote_compression))
+        self._log_agreement(
+            'Compression',
+            local=self.local_compression,
+            remote=self.remote_compression
+        )
 
         # save for computing hash later...
         # now wait!  openssh has a bug (and others might too) where there are
@@ -1904,8 +2047,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         engine = self._get_cipher(self.remote_cipher, key_in, IV_in)
         mac_size = self._mac_info[self.remote_mac]['size']
         mac_engine = self._mac_info[self.remote_mac]['class']
-        # initial mac keys are done in the hash's natural size (not the potentially truncated
-        # transmission size)
+        # initial mac keys are done in the hash's natural size (not the
+        # potentially truncated transmission size)
         if self.server_mode:
             mac_key = self._compute_key('E', mac_engine().digest_size)
         else:
@@ -1931,8 +2074,8 @@ class Transport (threading.Thread, ClosingContextManager):
         engine = self._get_cipher(self.local_cipher, key_out, IV_out)
         mac_size = self._mac_info[self.local_mac]['size']
         mac_engine = self._mac_info[self.local_mac]['class']
-        # initial mac keys are done in the hash's natural size (not the potentially truncated
-        # transmission size)
+        # initial mac keys are done in the hash's natural size (not the
+        # potentially truncated transmission size)
         if self.server_mode:
             mac_key = self._compute_key('F', mac_engine().digest_size)
         else:
diff --git a/paramiko/util.py b/paramiko/util.py
index d9a29d74..855e5757 100644
--- a/paramiko/util.py
+++ b/paramiko/util.py
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def safe_string(s):
 
 def bit_length(n):
     try:
-        return n.bitlength()
+        return n.bit_length()
     except AttributeError:
         norm = deflate_long(n, False)
         hbyte = byte_ord(norm[0])
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 003a0617..629c28fd 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ setup(
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.2',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
     ],
     **kw
 )
diff --git a/setup_helper.py b/setup_helper.py
index ff6b0e16..9e3834b3 100644
--- a/setup_helper.py
+++ b/setup_helper.py
@@ -30,9 +30,42 @@ import distutils.archive_util
 from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
 from distutils.spawn import spawn
 
-
-def make_tarball(base_name, base_dir, compress='gzip',
-                 verbose=False, dry_run=False):
+try:
+    from pwd import getpwnam
+except ImportError:
+    getpwnam = None
+
+try:
+    from grp import getgrnam
+except ImportError:
+    getgrnam = None
+
+def _get_gid(name):
+    """Returns a gid, given a group name."""
+    if getgrnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getgrnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def _get_uid(name):
+    """Returns an uid, given a user name."""
+    if getpwnam is None or name is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        result = getpwnam(name)
+    except KeyError:
+        result = None
+    if result is not None:
+        return result[2]
+    return None
+
+def make_tarball(base_name, base_dir, compress='gzip', verbose=0, dry_run=0,
+                 owner=None, group=None):
     """Create a tar file from all the files under 'base_dir'.
     This file may be compressed.
 
@@ -75,11 +108,30 @@ def make_tarball(base_name, base_dir, compress='gzip',
     mkpath(os.path.dirname(archive_name), dry_run=dry_run)
     log.info('Creating tar file %s with mode %s' % (archive_name, mode))
 
+    uid = _get_uid(owner)
+    gid = _get_gid(group)
+
+    def _set_uid_gid(tarinfo):
+        if gid is not None:
+            tarinfo.gid = gid
+            tarinfo.gname = group
+        if uid is not None:
+            tarinfo.uid = uid
+            tarinfo.uname = owner
+        return tarinfo
+
     if not dry_run:
         tar = tarfile.open(archive_name, mode=mode)
         # This recursively adds everything underneath base_dir
-        tar.add(base_dir)
-        tar.close()
+        try:
+            try:
+                # Support for the `filter' parameter was added in Python 2.7,
+                # earlier versions will raise TypeError.
+                tar.add(base_dir, filter=_set_uid_gid)
+            except TypeError:
+                tar.add(base_dir)
+        finally:
+            tar.close()
 
     if compress and compress not in tarfile_compress_flag:
         spawn([compress] + compress_flags[compress] + [archive_name],
diff --git a/sites/shared_conf.py b/sites/shared_conf.py
index 4a6a5c4e..99fab315 100644
--- a/sites/shared_conf.py
+++ b/sites/shared_conf.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ html_theme_options = {
     'description': "A Python implementation of SSHv2.",
     'github_user': 'paramiko',
     'github_repo': 'paramiko',
-    'gratipay_user': 'bitprophet',
     'analytics_id': 'UA-18486793-2',
     'travis_button': True,
 }
diff --git a/sites/www/changelog.rst b/sites/www/changelog.rst
index bb93f885..3310eb32 100644
--- a/sites/www/changelog.rst
+++ b/sites/www/changelog.rst
@@ -2,6 +2,85 @@
 Changelog
 =========
 
+* :bug:`502 major` Fix 'exec' requests in server mode to use ``get_string``
+  instead of ``get_text`` to avoid ``UnicodeDecodeError`` on non-UTF-8 input.
+  Thanks to Anselm Kruis for the patch & discussion.
+* :bug:`401` Fix line number reporting in log output regarding invalid
+  ``known_hosts`` line entries. Thanks to Dylan Thacker-Smith for catch &
+  patch.
+* :support:`525 backported` Update the vendored Windows API addon to a more
+  recent edition. Also fixes :issue:`193`, :issue:`488`, :issue:`498`. Thanks
+  to Jason Coombs.
+* :release:`1.15.4 <2015-11-02>`
+* :release:`1.14.3 <2015-11-02>`
+* :release:`1.13.4 <2015-11-02>`
+* :bug:`366` Fix `~paramiko.sftp_attributes.SFTPAttributes` so its string
+  representation doesn't raise exceptions on empty/initialized instances. Patch
+  by Ulrich Petri.
+* :bug:`359` Use correct attribute name when trying to use Python 3's
+  ``int.bit_length`` method; prior to fix, the Python 2 custom fallback
+  implementation was always used, even on Python 3. Thanks to Alex Gaynor.
+* :support:`594 backported` Correct some post-Python3-port docstrings to
+  specify ``bytes`` type instead of ``str``. Credit to ``@redixin``.
+* :bug:`565` Don't explode with ``IndexError`` when reading private key files
+  lacking an ``-----END <type> PRIVATE KEY-----`` footer. Patch courtesy of
+  Prasanna Santhanam.
+* :feature:`604` Add support for the ``aes192-ctr`` and ``aes192-cbc`` ciphers.
+  Thanks to Michiel Tiller for noticing it was as easy as tweaking some key
+  sizes :D
+* :feature:`356` (also :issue:`596`, :issue:`365`, :issue:`341`, :issue:`164`,
+  :issue:`581`, and a bunch of other duplicates besides) Add support for SHA-2
+  based key exchange (kex) algorithm ``diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256``
+  and (H)MAC algorithms ``hmac-sha2-256`` and ``hmac-sha2-512``.
+  
+  This change includes tweaks to debug-level logging regarding
+  algorithm-selection handshakes; the old all-in-one log line is now multiple
+  easier-to-read, printed-at-handshake-time log lines.
+
+  Thanks to the many people who submitted patches for this functionality and/or
+  assisted in testing those patches. That list includes but is not limited to,
+  and in no particular order: Matthias Witte, Dag Wieers, Ash Berlin, Etienne
+  Perot, Gert van Dijk, ``@GuyShaanan``, Aaron Bieber, ``@cyphase``, and Eric
+  Brown.
+* :release:`1.15.3 <2015-10-02>`
+* :support:`554 backported` Fix inaccuracies in the docstring for the ECDSA key
+  class. Thanks to Jared Hance for the patch.
+* :support:`516 backported` Document `~paramiko.agent.AgentRequestHandler`.
+  Thanks to ``@toejough`` for report & suggestions.
+* :bug:`496` Fix a handful of small but critical bugs in Paramiko's GSSAPI
+  support (note: this includes switching from PyCrypo's Random to
+  `os.urandom`). Thanks to Anselm Kruis for catch & patch.
+* :bug:`491` (combines :issue:`62` and :issue:`439`) Implement timeout
+  functionality to address hangs from dropped network connections and/or failed
+  handshakes. Credit to ``@vazir`` and ``@dacut`` for the original patches and
+  to Olle Lundberg for reimplementation.
+* :bug:`490` Skip invalid/unparseable lines in ``known_hosts`` files, instead
+  of raising `~paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException`. This brings Paramiko's
+  behavior more in line with OpenSSH, which silently ignores such input. Catch
+  & patch courtesy of Martin Topholm.
+* :bug:`404` Print details when displaying
+  `~paramiko.ssh_exception.BadHostKeyException` objects (expected vs received
+  data) instead of just "hey shit broke". Patch credit: Loic Dachary.
+* :bug:`469` (also :issue:`488`, :issue:`461` and like a dozen others) Fix a
+  typo introduced in the 1.15 release which broke WinPageant support. Thanks to
+  everyone who submitted patches, and to Steve Cohen who was the lucky winner
+  of the cherry-pick lottery.
+* :bug:`353` (via :issue:`482`) Fix a bug introduced in the Python 3 port
+  which caused ``OverFlowError`` (and other symptoms) in SFTP functionality.
+  Thanks to ``@dboreham`` for leading the troubleshooting charge, and to
+  Scott Maxwell for the final patch.
+* :support:`582` Fix some old ``setup.py`` related helper code which was
+  breaking ``bdist_dumb`` on Mac OS X. Thanks to Peter Odding for the patch.
+* :bug:`22 major` Try harder to connect to multiple network families (e.g. IPv4
+  vs IPv6) in case of connection issues; this helps with problems such as hosts
+  which resolve both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses but are only listening on IPv4.
+  Thanks to Dries Desmet for original report and Torsten Landschoff for the
+  foundational patchset.
+* :bug:`402` Check to see if an SSH agent is actually present before trying to
+  forward it to the remote end. This replaces what was usually a useless
+  ``TypeError`` with a human-readable
+  `~paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException`. Credit to Ken Jordan for
+  the fix and Yvan Marques for original report.
 * :release:`1.15.2 <2014-12-19>`
 * :release:`1.14.2 <2014-12-19>`
 * :release:`1.13.3 <2014-12-19>`
diff --git a/sites/www/index.rst b/sites/www/index.rst
index 1b609709..8e7562af 100644
--- a/sites/www/index.rst
+++ b/sites/www/index.rst
@@ -26,11 +26,7 @@ Please see the sidebar to the left to begin.
 .. rubric:: Footnotes
 
 .. [#]
-    SSH is defined in RFCs
-    `4251 <http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4251.txt>`_,
-    `4252 <http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4252.txt>`_,
-    `4253 <http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4253.txt>`_, and 
-    `4254 <http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4254.txt>`_;
-    the primary working implementation of the protocol is the `OpenSSH project
+    SSH is defined in :rfc:`4251`, :rfc:`4252`, :rfc:`4253` and :rfc:`4254`. The
+    primary working implementation of the protocol is the `OpenSSH project
     <http://openssh.org>`_.  Paramiko implements a large portion of the SSH
     feature set, but there are occasional gaps.
diff --git a/tasks.py b/tasks.py
index 3503d019..3d55a778 100644
--- a/tasks.py
+++ b/tasks.py
@@ -3,38 +3,26 @@ from os.path import join
 from shutil import rmtree, copytree
 
 from invoke import Collection, ctask as task
-from invocations import docs as _docs
+from invocations.docs import docs, www, sites
 from invocations.packaging import publish
 
 
-d = 'sites'
-
-# Usage doc/API site (published as docs.paramiko.org)
-docs_path = join(d, 'docs')
-docs_build = join(docs_path, '_build')
-docs = Collection.from_module(_docs, name='docs', config={
-    'sphinx.source': docs_path,
-    'sphinx.target': docs_build,
-})
-
-# Main/about/changelog site ((www.)?paramiko.org)
-www_path = join(d, 'www')
-www = Collection.from_module(_docs, name='www', config={
-    'sphinx.source': www_path,
-    'sphinx.target': join(www_path, '_build'),
-})
-
-
 # Until we move to spec-based testing
 @task
-def test(ctx, coverage=False):
+def test(ctx, coverage=False, flags=""):
+    if "--verbose" not in flags.split():
+        flags += " --verbose"
     runner = "python"
     if coverage:
         runner = "coverage run --source=paramiko"
-    flags = "--verbose"
     ctx.run("{0} test.py {1}".format(runner, flags), pty=True)
 
 
+@task
+def coverage(ctx):
+    ctx.run("coverage run --source=paramiko test.py --verbose")
+
+
 # Until we stop bundling docs w/ releases. Need to discover use cases first.
 @task
 def release(ctx):
@@ -43,11 +31,12 @@ def release(ctx):
     # Move the built docs into where Epydocs used to live
     target = 'docs'
     rmtree(target, ignore_errors=True)
-    copytree(docs_build, target)
+    # TODO: make it easier to yank out this config val from the docs coll
+    copytree('sites/docs/_build', target)
     # Publish
-    publish(ctx, wheel=True)
+    publish(ctx)
     # Remind
     print("\n\nDon't forget to update RTD's versions page for new minor releases!")
 
 
-ns = Collection(test, release, docs=docs, www=www)
+ns = Collection(test, coverage, release, docs, www, sites)
diff --git a/tests/test_client.py b/tests/test_client.py
index 3d2e75c9..04cab439 100644
--- a/tests/test_client.py
+++ b/tests/test_client.py
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class NullServer (paramiko.ServerInterface):
         return paramiko.OPEN_SUCCEEDED
 
     def check_channel_exec_request(self, channel, command):
-        if command != 'yes':
+        if command != b'yes':
             return False
         return True
 
diff --git a/tests/test_hostkeys.py b/tests/test_hostkeys.py
index 0ee1bbf0..2bdcad9c 100644
--- a/tests/test_hostkeys.py
+++ b/tests/test_hostkeys.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ test_hosts_file = """\
 secure.example.com ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEA1PD6U2/TVxET6lkpKhOk5r\
 9q/kAYG6sP9f5zuUYP8i7FOFp/6ncCEbbtg/lB+A3iidyxoSWl+9jtoyyDOOVX4UIDV9G11Ml8om3\
 D+jrpI9cycZHqilK0HmxDeCuxbwyMuaCygU9gS2qoRvNLWZk70OpIKSSpBo0Wl3/XUmz9uhc=
+broken.example.com ssh-rsa AAAA
 happy.example.com ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEA8bP1ZA7DCZDB9J0s50l31M\
 BGQ3GQ/Fc7SX6gkpXkwcZryoi4kNFhHu5LvHcZPdxXV1D+uTMfGS1eyd2Yz/DoNWXNAl8TI0cAsW\
 5ymME3bQ4J/k1IKxCtz/bAlAqFgKoc+EolMziDYqWIATtW0rYTJvzGAzTmMj80/QpsFH+Pc2M=
diff --git a/tests/test_kex.py b/tests/test_kex.py
index 56f1b7c7..19804fbf 100644
--- a/tests/test_kex.py
+++ b/tests/test_kex.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import unittest
 
 import paramiko.util
 from paramiko.kex_group1 import KexGroup1
-from paramiko.kex_gex import KexGex
+from paramiko.kex_gex import KexGex, KexGexSHA256
 from paramiko import Message
 from paramiko.common import byte_chr
 
@@ -252,3 +252,121 @@ class KexTest (unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(H, hexlify(transport._H).upper())
         self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
         self.assertTrue(transport._activated)
+
+    def test_7_gex_sha256_client(self):
+        transport = FakeTransport()
+        transport.server_mode = False
+        kex = KexGexSHA256(transport)
+        kex.start_kex()
+        x = b'22000004000000080000002000'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_GROUP,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_mpint(FakeModulusPack.P)
+        msg.add_mpint(FakeModulusPack.G)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_GROUP, msg)
+        x = b'20000000807E2DDB1743F3487D6545F04F1C8476092FB912B013626AB5BCEB764257D88BBA64243B9F348DF7B41B8C814A995E00299913503456983FFB9178D3CD79EB6D55522418A8ABF65375872E55938AB99A84A0B5FC8A1ECC66A7C3766E7E0F80B7CE2C9225FC2DD683F4764244B72963BBB383F529DCF0C5D17740B8A2ADBE9208D4'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REPLY,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_string('fake-host-key')
+        msg.add_mpint(69)
+        msg.add_string('fake-sig')
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REPLY, msg)
+        H = b'AD1A9365A67B4496F05594AD1BF656E3CDA0851289A4C1AFF549FEAE50896DF4'
+        self.assertEqual(self.K, transport._K)
+        self.assertEqual(H, hexlify(transport._H).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((b'fake-host-key', b'fake-sig'), transport._verify)
+        self.assertTrue(transport._activated)
+
+    def test_8_gex_sha256_old_client(self):
+        transport = FakeTransport()
+        transport.server_mode = False
+        kex = KexGexSHA256(transport)
+        kex.start_kex(_test_old_style=True)
+        x = b'1E00000800'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_GROUP,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_mpint(FakeModulusPack.P)
+        msg.add_mpint(FakeModulusPack.G)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_GROUP, msg)
+        x = b'20000000807E2DDB1743F3487D6545F04F1C8476092FB912B013626AB5BCEB764257D88BBA64243B9F348DF7B41B8C814A995E00299913503456983FFB9178D3CD79EB6D55522418A8ABF65375872E55938AB99A84A0B5FC8A1ECC66A7C3766E7E0F80B7CE2C9225FC2DD683F4764244B72963BBB383F529DCF0C5D17740B8A2ADBE9208D4'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REPLY,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_string('fake-host-key')
+        msg.add_mpint(69)
+        msg.add_string('fake-sig')
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REPLY, msg)
+        H = b'518386608B15891AE5237DEE08DCADDE76A0BCEFCE7F6DB3AD66BC41D256DFE5'
+        self.assertEqual(self.K, transport._K)
+        self.assertEqual(H, hexlify(transport._H).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((b'fake-host-key', b'fake-sig'), transport._verify)
+        self.assertTrue(transport._activated)
+
+    def test_9_gex_sha256_server(self):
+        transport = FakeTransport()
+        transport.server_mode = True
+        kex = KexGexSHA256(transport)
+        kex.start_kex()
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST, paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST_OLD), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_int(1024)
+        msg.add_int(2048)
+        msg.add_int(4096)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST, msg)
+        x = b'1F0000008100FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD129024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DDEF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A637ED6B0BFF5CB6F406B7EDEE386BFB5A899FA5AE9F24117C4B1FE649286651ECE65381FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000000102'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_INIT,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_mpint(12345)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_INIT, msg)
+        K = 67592995013596137876033460028393339951879041140378510871612128162185209509220726296697886624612526735888348020498716482757677848959420073720160491114319163078862905400020959196386947926388406687288901564192071077389283980347784184487280885335302632305026248574716290537036069329724382811853044654824945750581
+        H = b'CCAC0497CF0ABA1DBF55E1A3995D17F4CC31824B0E8D95CDF8A06F169D050D80'
+        x = b'210000000866616B652D6B6579000000807E2DDB1743F3487D6545F04F1C8476092FB912B013626AB5BCEB764257D88BBA64243B9F348DF7B41B8C814A995E00299913503456983FFB9178D3CD79EB6D55522418A8ABF65375872E55938AB99A84A0B5FC8A1ECC66A7C3766E7E0F80B7CE2C9225FC2DD683F4764244B72963BBB383F529DCF0C5D17740B8A2ADBE9208D40000000866616B652D736967'
+        self.assertEqual(K, transport._K)
+        self.assertEqual(H, hexlify(transport._H).upper())
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertTrue(transport._activated)
+
+    def test_10_gex_sha256_server_with_old_client(self):
+        transport = FakeTransport()
+        transport.server_mode = True
+        kex = KexGexSHA256(transport)
+        kex.start_kex()
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST, paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST_OLD), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_int(2048)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_REQUEST_OLD, msg)
+        x = b'1F0000008100FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD129024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DDEF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A637ED6B0BFF5CB6F406B7EDEE386BFB5A899FA5AE9F24117C4B1FE649286651ECE65381FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000000102'
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertEqual((paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_INIT,), transport._expect)
+
+        msg = Message()
+        msg.add_mpint(12345)
+        msg.rewind()
+        kex.parse_next(paramiko.kex_gex._MSG_KEXDH_GEX_INIT, msg)
+        K = 67592995013596137876033460028393339951879041140378510871612128162185209509220726296697886624612526735888348020498716482757677848959420073720160491114319163078862905400020959196386947926388406687288901564192071077389283980347784184487280885335302632305026248574716290537036069329724382811853044654824945750581
+        H = b'3DDD2AD840AD095E397BA4D0573972DC60F6461FD38A187CACA6615A5BC8ADBB'
+        x = b'210000000866616B652D6B6579000000807E2DDB1743F3487D6545F04F1C8476092FB912B013626AB5BCEB764257D88BBA64243B9F348DF7B41B8C814A995E00299913503456983FFB9178D3CD79EB6D55522418A8ABF65375872E55938AB99A84A0B5FC8A1ECC66A7C3766E7E0F80B7CE2C9225FC2DD683F4764244B72963BBB383F529DCF0C5D17740B8A2ADBE9208D40000000866616B652D736967'
+        self.assertEqual(K, transport._K)
+        self.assertEqual(H, hexlify(transport._H).upper())
+        self.assertEqual(x, hexlify(transport._message.asbytes()).upper())
+        self.assertTrue(transport._activated)
+
+
diff --git a/tests/test_message.py b/tests/test_message.py
index f308c037..f18cae90 100644
--- a/tests/test_message.py
+++ b/tests/test_message.py
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ class MessageTest (unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_4_misc(self):
         msg = Message(self.__d)
-        self.assertEqual(msg.get_int(), 5)
-        self.assertEqual(msg.get_int(), 0x1122334455)
-        self.assertEqual(msg.get_int(), 0xf00000000000000000)
+        self.assertEqual(msg.get_adaptive_int(), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(msg.get_adaptive_int(), 0x1122334455)
+        self.assertEqual(msg.get_adaptive_int(), 0xf00000000000000000)
         self.assertEqual(msg.get_so_far(), self.__d[:29])
         self.assertEqual(msg.get_remainder(), self.__d[29:])
         msg.rewind()
-        self.assertEqual(msg.get_int(), 5)
+        self.assertEqual(msg.get_adaptive_int(), 5)
         self.assertEqual(msg.get_so_far(), self.__d[:4])
         self.assertEqual(msg.get_remainder(), self.__d[4:])
diff --git a/tests/test_sftp.py b/tests/test_sftp.py
index cb8f7f84..aa450f59 100755
--- a/tests/test_sftp.py
+++ b/tests/test_sftp.py
@@ -811,6 +811,11 @@ class SFTPTest (unittest.TestCase):
             sftp.remove('%s/nonutf8data' % FOLDER)
 
 
+    def test_sftp_attributes_empty_str(self):
+        sftp_attributes = SFTPAttributes()
+        self.assertEqual(str(sftp_attributes), "?---------   1 0        0               0 (unknown date) ?")
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     SFTPTest.init_loopback()
     # logging is required by test_N_file_with_percent
diff --git a/tests/test_transport.py b/tests/test_transport.py
index 5cf9a867..a93d8b63 100644
--- a/tests/test_transport.py
+++ b/tests/test_transport.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import socket
 import time
 import threading
 import random
+from hashlib import sha1
 import unittest
 
 from paramiko import Transport, SecurityOptions, ServerInterface, RSAKey, DSSKey, \
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ class NullServer (ServerInterface):
         return OPEN_SUCCEEDED
 
     def check_channel_exec_request(self, channel, command):
-        if command != 'yes':
+        if command != b'yes':
             return False
         return True
 
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ class TransportTest(unittest.TestCase):
         chan = self.tc.open_session()
         schan = self.ts.accept(1.0)
         try:
-            chan.exec_command('no')
+            chan.exec_command(b'command contains \xfc and is not a valid UTF-8 string')
             self.assertTrue(False)
         except SSHException:
             pass
@@ -447,9 +448,11 @@ class TransportTest(unittest.TestCase):
         bytes = self.tc.packetizer._Packetizer__sent_bytes
         chan.send('x' * 1024)
         bytes2 = self.tc.packetizer._Packetizer__sent_bytes
+        block_size = self.tc._cipher_info[self.tc.local_cipher]['block-size']
+        mac_size = self.tc._mac_info[self.tc.local_mac]['size']
         # tests show this is actually compressed to *52 bytes*!  including packet overhead!  nice!! :)
         self.assertTrue(bytes2 - bytes < 1024)
-        self.assertEqual(52, bytes2 - bytes)
+        self.assertEqual(16 + block_size + mac_size, bytes2 - bytes)
 
         chan.close()
         schan.close()
@@ -792,3 +795,20 @@ class TransportTest(unittest.TestCase):
                              (None, DEFAULT_WINDOW_SIZE),
                              (2**32, MAX_WINDOW_SIZE)]:
             self.assertEqual(self.tc._sanitize_window_size(val), correct)
+
+    def test_L_handshake_timeout(self):
+        """
+        verify that we can get a hanshake timeout.
+        """
+        host_key = RSAKey.from_private_key_file(test_path('test_rsa.key'))
+        public_host_key = RSAKey(data=host_key.asbytes())
+        self.ts.add_server_key(host_key)
+        event = threading.Event()
+        server = NullServer()
+        self.assertTrue(not event.is_set())
+        self.tc.handshake_timeout = 0.000000000001
+        self.ts.start_server(event, server)
+        self.assertRaises(EOFError, self.tc.connect,
+                          hostkey=public_host_key,
+                          username='slowdive',
+                          password='pygmalion')