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==================================
Use snapshots to migrate instances
==================================
This guide can be used to migrate an instance between different clouds.
To use snapshots to migrate instances from OpenStack projects to clouds,
complete these steps.
In the source project:
#. :ref:`Create_a_snapshot_of_the_instance`
#. :ref:`Download_the_snapshot_as_an_image`
In the destination project:
#. :ref:`Import_the_snapshot_to_the_new_environment`
#. :ref:`Boot_a_new_instance_from_the_snapshot`
.. note::
Some cloud providers allow only administrators to perform this task.
.. _Create_a_snapshot_of_the_instance:
Create a snapshot of the instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#. Shut down the source VM before you take the snapshot to ensure that all
data is flushed to disk. If necessary, list the instances to view the
instance name:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| d0d1b7d9-a6a5-41d3-96ab-07975aadd7fb | myInstance | ACTIVE | private=10.0.0.3 | ubuntu-16.04-amd64 | general.micro.tmp.linux |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
#. Use the :command:`openstack server stop` command to shut down the instance:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack server stop myInstance
#. Use the :command:`openstack server list` command to confirm that the instance shows a
``SHUTOFF`` status:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| d0d1b7d9-a6a5-41d3-96ab-07975aadd7fb | myInstance | SHUTOFF | private=10.0.0.3 | ubuntu-16.04-amd64 | general.micro.tmp.linux |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
#. Use the :command:`openstack server image create` command to take a snapshot:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack server image create --name myInstanceSnapshot myInstance
If snapshot operations routinely fail because the user token times out
while uploading a large disk image, consider configuring nova to use
:ref:`service user tokens <user_token_timeout>`.
#. Use the :command:`openstack image list` command to check the status
until the status is ``ACTIVE``:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
| ab567a44-b670-4d22-8ead-80050dfcd280 | myInstanceSnapshot | active |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
.. _Download_the_snapshot_as_an_image:
Download the snapshot as an image
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#. Get the image ID:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
| ab567a44-b670-4d22-8ead-80050dfcd280 | myInstanceSnapshot | active |
+--------------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+
#. Download the snapshot by using the image ID that was returned in the
previous step:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack image save --file snapshot.raw ab567a44-b670-4d22-8ead-80050dfcd280
.. note::
The :command:`openstack image save` command requires the image ID and
cannot use the image name.
Check there is sufficient space on the destination file system for
the image file.
#. Make the image available to the new environment, either through HTTP or
direct upload to a machine (``scp``).
.. _Import_the_snapshot_to_the_new_environment:
Import the snapshot to the new environment
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In the new project or cloud environment, import the snapshot:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack image create --container-format bare --disk-format qcow2 \
--file snapshot.raw myInstanceSnapshot
.. _Boot_a_new_instance_from_the_snapshot:
Boot a new instance from the snapshot
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In the new project or cloud environment, use the snapshot to create the
new instance:
.. code-block:: console
$ openstack server create --flavor m1.tiny --image myInstanceSnapshot myNewInstance
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