Remove slow paths from log

Remove the slow paths from log.  Like several other double precision math
functions, log is exactly rounded.  This is not required from math functions
and causes major overheads as it requires multiple fallbacks using higher
precision arithmetic if a result is close to 0.5ULP.  Ridiculous slowdowns
of up to 100000x have been reported when the highest precision path triggers.

Interestingly removing the slow paths makes hardly any difference in practice:
the worst case error is still ~0.502ULP, and exp(log(x)) shows identical results
before/after on many millions of random cases.  All GLIBC math tests pass on
AArch64 and x64 with no change in ULP error.  A simple test over a few hundred
million values shows log is now 18% faster on average.

	* manual/probes.texi (slowlog): Delete documentation of removed probe.
	(slowlog_inexact): Likewise
	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c (__ieee754_log): Remove slow paths.
	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h: Remove unused declarations.

4 files changed, 23 insertions, 222 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index 290d474218..d823e3ac3b 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+2018-02-07  Wilco Dijkstra  <wdijkstr@arm.com>
+
+	* manual/probes.texi (slowlog): Delete documentation of removed probe.
+	(slowlog_inexact): Likewise
+	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c (__ieee754_log): Remove slow paths.
+	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h: Remove unused declarations.
+
 2018-02-07  Igor Gnatenko  <ignatenko@redhat.com>
 
 	[BZ #22797]
diff --git a/manual/probes.texi b/manual/probes.texi
index 8ab67562d7..e99b7f3cb4 100644
--- a/manual/probes.texi
+++ b/manual/probes.texi
@@ -288,23 +288,6 @@ input that results in multiple precision computation with precision
 and @code{$arg4} is the final accurate value.
 @end deftp
 
-@deftp Probe slowlog (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3})
-This probe is triggered when the @code{log} function is called with an
-input that results in multiple precision computation.  Argument
-@var{$arg1} is the precision with which the computation succeeded.
-Argument @var{$arg2} is the input and @var{$arg3} is the computed
-output.
-@end deftp
-
-@deftp Probe slowlog_inexact (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3})
-This probe is triggered when the @code{log} function is called with an
-input that results in multiple precision computation and none of the
-multiple precision computations result in an accurate result.
-Argument @var{$arg1} is the maximum precision with which computations
-were performed.  Argument @var{$arg2} is the input and @var{$arg3} is
-the computed output.
-@end deftp
-
 @deftp Probe slowatan2 (int @var{$arg1}, double @var{$arg2}, double @var{$arg3}, double @var{$arg4})
 This probe is triggered when the @code{atan2} function is called with
 an input that results in multiple precision computation.  Argument
diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c
index 6a18ebb904..2483dd8551 100644
--- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c
+++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_log.c
@@ -23,11 +23,10 @@
 /*      FUNCTION:ulog                                                */
 /*                                                                   */
 /*      FILES NEEDED: dla.h endian.h mpa.h mydefs.h ulog.h           */
-/*                    mpexp.c mplog.c mpa.c                          */
 /*                    ulog.tbl                                       */
 /*                                                                   */
 /* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x    */
-/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x).   */
+/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x).	     */
 /* Assumption: Machine arithmetic operations are performed in        */
 /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard.                       */
 /*                                                                   */
@@ -40,34 +39,26 @@
 #include "MathLib.h"
 #include <math.h>
 #include <math_private.h>
-#include <stap-probe.h>
 
 #ifndef SECTION
 # define SECTION
 #endif
 
-void __mplog (mp_no *, mp_no *, int);
-
 /*********************************************************************/
-/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x     */
-/* it computes the correctly rounded (to nearest) value of log(x).   */
+/* An ultimate log routine. Given an IEEE double machine number x    */
+/* it computes the rounded (to nearest) value of log(x).	     */
 /*********************************************************************/
 double
 SECTION
 __ieee754_log (double x)
 {
-#define M 4
-  static const int pr[M] = { 8, 10, 18, 32 };
-  int i, j, n, ux, dx, p;
+  int i, j, n, ux, dx;
   double dbl_n, u, p0, q, r0, w, nln2a, luai, lubi, lvaj, lvbj,
-	 sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, y, y1, y2, polI, polII, sa, sb,
-	 t1, t2, t7, t8, t, ra, rb, ww,
-	 a0, aa0, s1, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, a1, aa1, a, aa, b, bb, c;
+	 sij, ssij, ttij, A, B, B0, polI, polII, t8, a, aa, b, bb, c;
 #ifndef DLA_FMS
-  double t3, t4, t5, t6;
+  double t1, t2, t3, t4, t5;
 #endif
   number num;
-  mp_no mpx, mpy, mpy1, mpy2, mperr;
 
 #include "ulog.tbl"
 #include "ulog.h"
@@ -101,7 +92,7 @@ __ieee754_log (double x)
   if (w == 0.0)
     return 0.0;
 
-  /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */
+  /*--- The case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */
 
   t8 = MHALF * w;
   EMULV (t8, w, a, aa, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5);
@@ -118,50 +109,12 @@ __ieee754_log (double x)
   polII *= w * w * w;
   c = (aa + bb) + polII;
 
-  /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */
-  if ((y = b + (c + b * E2)) == b + (c - b * E2))
-    return y;
-
-  /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */
-
-  a = d19.d + w * d20.d;
-  a = d18.d + w * a;
-  a = d17.d + w * a;
-  a = d16.d + w * a;
-  a = d15.d + w * a;
-  a = d14.d + w * a;
-  a = d13.d + w * a;
-  a = d12.d + w * a;
-  a = d11.d + w * a;
-
-  EMULV (w, a, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5);
-  ADD2 (d10.d, dd10.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d9.d, dd9.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d8.d, dd8.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d7.d, dd7.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d6.d, dd6.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d5.d, dd5.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d4.d, dd4.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d3.d, dd3.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (d2.d, dd2.d, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  MUL2 (w, 0, s2, ss2, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (w, 0, s3, ss3, b, bb, t1, t2);
+  /* Here b contains the high part of the result, and c the low part.
+     Maximum error is b * 2.334e-19, so accuracy is >61 bits.
+     Therefore max ULP error of b + c is ~0.502.  */
+  return b + c;
 
-  /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) < 0.03 */
-  if ((y = b + (bb + b * E4)) == b + (bb - b * E4))
-    return y;
-  goto stage_n;
-
-  /*--- Stage I, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */
+  /*--- The case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */
 case_03:
 
   /* Find n,u such that x = u*2**n,   1/sqrt(2) < u < sqrt(2)  */
@@ -203,58 +156,10 @@ case_03:
   B0 = (((lubi + lvbj) + ssij) + ttij) + dbl_n * LN2B;
   B = polI + B0;
 
-  /* End stage I, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */
-  if ((y = A + (B + E1)) == A + (B - E1))
-    return y;
-
-
-  /*--- Stage II, the case abs(x-1) > 0.03 */
-
-  /* Improve the accuracy of r0 */
-  EMULV (p0, r0, sa, sb, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5);
-  t = r0 * ((1 - sa) - sb);
-  EADD (r0, t, ra, rb);
-
-  /* Compute w */
-  MUL2 (q, 0, ra, rb, w, ww, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-
-  EADD (A, B0, a0, aa0);
-
-  /* Evaluate polynomial III */
-  s1 = (c3.d + (c4.d + c5.d * w) * w) * w;
-  EADD (c2.d, s1, s2, ss2);
-  MUL2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  MUL2 (s3, ss3, w, ww, s2, ss2, t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6, t7, t8);
-  ADD2 (s2, ss2, w, ww, s3, ss3, t1, t2);
-  ADD2 (s3, ss3, a0, aa0, a1, aa1, t1, t2);
-
-  /* End stage II, case abs(x-1) >= 0.03 */
-  if ((y = a1 + (aa1 + E3)) == a1 + (aa1 - E3))
-    return y;
-
-
-  /* Final stages. Use multi-precision arithmetic. */
-stage_n:
-
-  for (i = 0; i < M; i++)
-    {
-      p = pr[i];
-      __dbl_mp (x, &mpx, p);
-      __dbl_mp (y, &mpy, p);
-      __mplog (&mpx, &mpy, p);
-      __dbl_mp (e[i].d, &mperr, p);
-      __add (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy1, p);
-      __sub (&mpy, &mperr, &mpy2, p);
-      __mp_dbl (&mpy1, &y1, p);
-      __mp_dbl (&mpy2, &y2, p);
-      if (y1 == y2)
-	{
-	  LIBC_PROBE (slowlog, 3, &p, &x, &y1);
-	  return y1;
-	}
-    }
-  LIBC_PROBE (slowlog_inexact, 3, &p, &x, &y1);
-  return y1;
+  /* Here A contains the high part of the result, and B the low part.
+     Maximum abs error is 6.095e-21 and min log (x) is 0.0295 since x > 1.03.
+     Therefore max ULP error of A + B is ~0.502.  */
+  return A + B;
 }
 
 #ifndef __ieee754_log
diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h
index 36a31137b7..087b76e2ab 100644
--- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h
+++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/ulog.h
@@ -42,43 +42,6 @@
 /**/ b6             = {{0x3fbc71c5, 0x25db58ac} }, /*  0.111... */
 /**/ b7             = {{0xbfb9a4ac, 0x11a2a61c} }, /* -0.100... */
 /**/ b8             = {{0x3fb75077, 0x0df2b591} }, /*  0.091... */
-  /* polynomial III */
-#if 0
-/**/ c1             = {{0x3ff00000, 0x00000000} }, /*  1        */
-#endif
-/**/ c2             = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2      */
-/**/ c3             = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /*  1/3      */
-/**/ c4             = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4      */
-/**/ c5             = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /*  1/5      */
-  /* polynomial IV */
-/**/ d2             = {{0xbfe00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2      */
-/**/ dd2            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2   */
-/**/ d3             = {{0x3fd55555, 0x55555555} }, /*  1/3      */
-/**/ dd3            = {{0x3c755555, 0x55555555} }, /*  1/3-d3   */
-/**/ d4             = {{0xbfd00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4      */
-/**/ dd4            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4   */
-/**/ d5             = {{0x3fc99999, 0x9999999a} }, /*  1/5      */
-/**/ dd5            = {{0xbc699999, 0x9999999a} }, /*  1/5-d5   */
-/**/ d6             = {{0xbfc55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6      */
-/**/ dd6            = {{0xbc655555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/6-d6   */
-/**/ d7             = {{0x3fc24924, 0x92492492} }, /*  1/7      */
-/**/ dd7            = {{0x3c624924, 0x92492492} }, /*  1/7-d7   */
-/**/ d8             = {{0xbfc00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8      */
-/**/ dd8            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8   */
-/**/ d9             = {{0x3fbc71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /*  1/9      */
-/**/ dd9            = {{0x3c5c71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /*  1/9-d9   */
-/**/ d10            = {{0xbfb99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10     */
-/**/ dd10           = {{0x3c599999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/10-d10 */
-/**/ d11            = {{0x3fb745d1, 0x745d1746} }, /*  1/11     */
-/**/ d12            = {{0xbfb55555, 0x55555555} }, /* -1/12     */
-/**/ d13            = {{0x3fb3b13b, 0x13b13b14} }, /*  1/13     */
-/**/ d14            = {{0xbfb24924, 0x92492492} }, /* -1/14     */
-/**/ d15            = {{0x3fb11111, 0x11111111} }, /*  1/15     */
-/**/ d16            = {{0xbfb00000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/16     */
-/**/ d17            = {{0x3fae1e1e, 0x1e1e1e1e} }, /*  1/17     */
-/**/ d18            = {{0xbfac71c7, 0x1c71c71c} }, /* -1/18     */
-/**/ d19            = {{0x3faaf286, 0xbca1af28} }, /*  1/19     */
-/**/ d20            = {{0xbfa99999, 0x9999999a} }, /* -1/20     */
   /* constants    */
 /**/ sqrt_2         = {{0x3ff6a09e, 0x667f3bcc} }, /* sqrt(2)   */
 /**/ h1             = {{0x3fd2e000, 0x00000000} }, /* 151/2**9  */
@@ -87,14 +50,6 @@
 /**/ delv           = {{0x3ef00000, 0x00000000} }, /* 1/2**16   */
 /**/ ln2a           = {{0x3fe62e42, 0xfefa3800} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */
 /**/ ln2b           = {{0x3d2ef357, 0x93c76730} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a    */
-/**/ e1             = {{0x3bbcc868, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.095e-21     */
-/**/ e2             = {{0x3c1138ce, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.334e-19     */
-/**/ e3             = {{0x3aa1565d, 0x00000000} }, /* 2.801e-26     */
-/**/ e4             = {{0x39809d88, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.024e-31     */
-/**/ e[M]           ={{{0x37da223a, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.2e-39       */
-/**/                  {{0x35c851c4, 0x00000000} }, /* 1.3e-49       */
-/**/                  {{0x2ab85e51, 0x00000000} }, /* 6.8e-103      */
-/**/                  {{0x17383827, 0x00000000} }},/* 8.1e-197      */
 /**/ two54          = {{0x43500000, 0x00000000} }, /* 2**54         */
 /**/ u03            = {{0x3f9eb851, 0xeb851eb8} }; /* 0.03          */
 
@@ -114,43 +69,6 @@
 /**/ b6             = {{0x25db58ac, 0x3fbc71c5} }, /*  0.111... */
 /**/ b7             = {{0x11a2a61c, 0xbfb9a4ac} }, /* -0.100... */
 /**/ b8             = {{0x0df2b591, 0x3fb75077} }, /*  0.091... */
-  /* polynomial III */
-#if 0
-/**/ c1             = {{0x00000000, 0x3ff00000} }, /*  1        */
-#endif
-/**/ c2             = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2      */
-/**/ c3             = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /*  1/3      */
-/**/ c4             = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4      */
-/**/ c5             = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /*  1/5      */
-  /* polynomial IV */
-/**/ d2             = {{0x00000000, 0xbfe00000} }, /* -1/2      */
-/**/ dd2            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/2-d2   */
-/**/ d3             = {{0x55555555, 0x3fd55555} }, /*  1/3      */
-/**/ dd3            = {{0x55555555, 0x3c755555} }, /*  1/3-d3   */
-/**/ d4             = {{0x00000000, 0xbfd00000} }, /* -1/4      */
-/**/ dd4            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/4-d4   */
-/**/ d5             = {{0x9999999a, 0x3fc99999} }, /*  1/5      */
-/**/ dd5            = {{0x9999999a, 0xbc699999} }, /*  1/5-d5   */
-/**/ d6             = {{0x55555555, 0xbfc55555} }, /* -1/6      */
-/**/ dd6            = {{0x55555555, 0xbc655555} }, /* -1/6-d6   */
-/**/ d7             = {{0x92492492, 0x3fc24924} }, /*  1/7      */
-/**/ dd7            = {{0x92492492, 0x3c624924} }, /*  1/7-d7   */
-/**/ d8             = {{0x00000000, 0xbfc00000} }, /* -1/8      */
-/**/ dd8            = {{0x00000000, 0x00000000} }, /* -1/8-d8   */
-/**/ d9             = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3fbc71c7} }, /*  1/9      */
-/**/ dd9            = {{0x1c71c71c, 0x3c5c71c7} }, /*  1/9-d9   */
-/**/ d10            = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfb99999} }, /* -1/10     */
-/**/ dd10           = {{0x9999999a, 0x3c599999} }, /* -1/10-d10 */
-/**/ d11            = {{0x745d1746, 0x3fb745d1} }, /*  1/11     */
-/**/ d12            = {{0x55555555, 0xbfb55555} }, /* -1/12     */
-/**/ d13            = {{0x13b13b14, 0x3fb3b13b} }, /*  1/13     */
-/**/ d14            = {{0x92492492, 0xbfb24924} }, /* -1/14     */
-/**/ d15            = {{0x11111111, 0x3fb11111} }, /*  1/15     */
-/**/ d16            = {{0x00000000, 0xbfb00000} }, /* -1/16     */
-/**/ d17            = {{0x1e1e1e1e, 0x3fae1e1e} }, /*  1/17     */
-/**/ d18            = {{0x1c71c71c, 0xbfac71c7} }, /* -1/18     */
-/**/ d19            = {{0xbca1af28, 0x3faaf286} }, /*  1/19     */
-/**/ d20            = {{0x9999999a, 0xbfa99999} }, /* -1/20     */
   /* constants    */
 /**/ sqrt_2         = {{0x667f3bcc, 0x3ff6a09e} }, /* sqrt(2)   */
 /**/ h1             = {{0x00000000, 0x3fd2e000} }, /* 151/2**9  */
@@ -159,14 +77,6 @@
 /**/ delv           = {{0x00000000, 0x3ef00000} }, /* 1/2**16   */
 /**/ ln2a           = {{0xfefa3800, 0x3fe62e42} }, /* ln(2) 43 bits */
 /**/ ln2b           = {{0x93c76730, 0x3d2ef357} }, /* ln(2)-ln2a    */
-/**/ e1             = {{0x00000000, 0x3bbcc868} }, /* 6.095e-21     */
-/**/ e2             = {{0x00000000, 0x3c1138ce} }, /* 2.334e-19     */
-/**/ e3             = {{0x00000000, 0x3aa1565d} }, /* 2.801e-26     */
-/**/ e4             = {{0x00000000, 0x39809d88} }, /* 1.024e-31     */
-/**/ e[M]           ={{{0x00000000, 0x37da223a} }, /* 1.2e-39       */
-/**/                  {{0x00000000, 0x35c851c4} }, /* 1.3e-49       */
-/**/                  {{0x00000000, 0x2ab85e51} }, /* 6.8e-103      */
-/**/                  {{0x00000000, 0x17383827} }},/* 8.1e-197      */
 /**/ two54          = {{0x00000000, 0x43500000} }, /* 2**54         */
 /**/ u03            = {{0xeb851eb8, 0x3f9eb851} }; /* 0.03          */
 
@@ -178,10 +88,6 @@
 #define  DEL_V     delv.d
 #define  LN2A      ln2a.d
 #define  LN2B      ln2b.d
-#define  E1        e1.d
-#define  E2        e2.d
-#define  E3        e3.d
-#define  E4        e4.d
 #define  U03       u03.d
 
 #endif