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-rw-r--r--Doc/reference/expressions.rst45
1 files changed, 41 insertions, 4 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/reference/expressions.rst b/Doc/reference/expressions.rst
index 68de3c85cd..f88709efe4 100644
--- a/Doc/reference/expressions.rst
+++ b/Doc/reference/expressions.rst
@@ -318,9 +318,10 @@ Yield expressions
.. productionlist::
yield_atom: "(" `yield_expression` ")"
- yield_expression: "yield" [`expression_list`]
+ yield_expression: "yield" [`expression_list` | "from" `expression`]
-The :keyword:`yield` expression is only used when defining a generator function,
+The :keyword:`yield` expression is only used when defining a :term:`generator`
+function,
and can only be used in the body of a function definition. Using a
:keyword:`yield` expression in a function definition is sufficient to cause that
definition to create a generator function instead of a normal function.
@@ -336,7 +337,10 @@ the internal evaluation stack. When the execution is resumed by calling one of
the generator's methods, the function can proceed exactly as if the
:keyword:`yield` expression was just another external call. The value of the
:keyword:`yield` expression after resuming depends on the method which resumed
-the execution.
+the execution. If :meth:`__next__` is used (typically via either a
+:keyword:`for` or the :func:`next` builtin) then the result is :const:`None`,
+otherwise, if :meth:`send` is used, then the result will be the value passed
+in to that method.
.. index:: single: coroutine
@@ -346,12 +350,32 @@ suspended. The only difference is that a generator function cannot control
where should the execution continue after it yields; the control is always
transferred to the generator's caller.
-The :keyword:`yield` statement is allowed in the :keyword:`try` clause of a
+:keyword:`yield` expressions are allowed in the :keyword:`try` clause of a
:keyword:`try` ... :keyword:`finally` construct. If the generator is not
resumed before it is finalized (by reaching a zero reference count or by being
garbage collected), the generator-iterator's :meth:`close` method will be
called, allowing any pending :keyword:`finally` clauses to execute.
+When ``yield from <expr>`` is used, it treats the supplied expression as
+a subiterator. All values produced by that subiterator are passed directly
+to the caller of the current generator's methods. Any values passed in with
+:meth:`send` and any exceptions passed in with :meth:`throw` are passed to
+the underlying iterator if it has the appropriate methods. If this is not the
+case, then :meth:`send` will raise :exc:`AttributeError` or :exc:`TypeError`,
+while :meth:`throw` will just raise the passed in exception immediately.
+
+When the underlying iterator is complete, the :attr:`~StopIteration.value`
+attribute of the raised :exc:`StopIteration` instance becomes the value of
+the yield expression. It can be either set explicitly when raising
+:exc:`StopIteration`, or automatically when the sub-iterator is a generator
+(by returning a value from the sub-generator).
+
+ .. versionchanged:: 3.3
+ Added ``yield from <expr>`` to delegate control flow to a subiterator
+
+The parentheses can be omitted when the :keyword:`yield` expression is the
+sole expression on the right hand side of an assignment statement.
+
.. index:: object: generator
@@ -415,6 +439,12 @@ is already executing raises a :exc:`ValueError` exception.
other exception, it is propagated to the caller. :meth:`close` does nothing
if the generator has already exited due to an exception or normal exit.
+
+.. index:: single: yield; examples
+
+Examples
+^^^^^^^^
+
Here is a simple example that demonstrates the behavior of generators and
generator functions::
@@ -442,6 +472,9 @@ generator functions::
>>> generator.close()
Don't forget to clean up when 'close()' is called.
+For examples using ``yield from``, see :ref:`pep-380` in "What's New in
+Python."
+
.. seealso::
@@ -452,6 +485,10 @@ generator functions::
The proposal to enhance the API and syntax of generators, making them
usable as simple coroutines.
+ :pep:`0380` - Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator
+ The proposal to introduce the :token:`yield_from` syntax, making delegation
+ to sub-generators easy.
+
.. _primaries: