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:mod:`http` --- HTTP modules
============================
.. module:: http
:synopsis: HTTP status codes and messages
**Source code:** :source:`Lib/http/__init__.py`
.. index::
pair: HTTP; protocol
single: HTTP; http (standard module)
--------------
:mod:`http` is a package that collects several modules for working with the
HyperText Transfer Protocol:
* :mod:`http.client` is a low-level HTTP protocol client; for high-level URL
opening use :mod:`urllib.request`
* :mod:`http.server` contains basic HTTP server classes based on :mod:`socketserver`
* :mod:`http.cookies` has utilities for implementing state management with cookies
* :mod:`http.cookiejar` provides persistence of cookies
:mod:`http` is also a module that defines a number of HTTP status codes and
associated messages through the :class:`http.HTTPStatus` enum:
.. class:: HTTPStatus
.. versionadded:: 3.5
A subclass of :class:`enum.IntEnum` that defines a set of HTTP status codes,
reason phrases and long descriptions written in English.
Usage::
>>> from http import HTTPStatus
>>> HTTPStatus.OK
<HTTPStatus.OK: 200>
>>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200
True
>>> http.HTTPStatus.OK.value
200
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase
'OK'
>>> HTTPStatus.OK.description
'Request fulfilled, document follows'
>>> list(HTTPStatus)
[<HTTPStatus.CONTINUE: 100>, <HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: 101>, ...]
.. _http-status-codes:
HTTP status codes
-----------------
Supported,
`IANA-registered <https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml>`_
status codes available in :class:`http.HTTPStatus` are:
======= =================================== ==================================================================
Code Enum Name Details
======= =================================== ==================================================================
``100`` ``CONTINUE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.2.1
``101`` ``SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.2.2
``102`` ``PROCESSING`` WebDAV :rfc:`2518`, Section 10.1
``200`` ``OK`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.1
``201`` ``CREATED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.2
``202`` ``ACCEPTED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.3
``203`` ``NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.4
``204`` ``NO_CONTENT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.5
``205`` ``RESET_CONTENT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.3.6
``206`` ``PARTIAL_CONTENT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7233`, Section 4.1
``207`` ``MULTI_STATUS`` WebDAV :rfc:`4918`, Section 11.1
``208`` ``ALREADY_REPORTED`` WebDAV Binding Extensions :rfc:`5842`, Section 7.1 (Experimental)
``226`` ``IM_USED`` Delta Encoding in HTTP :rfc:`3229`, Section 10.4.1
``300`` ``MULTIPLE_CHOICES`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.1
``301`` ``MOVED_PERMANENTLY`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.2
``302`` ``FOUND`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.3
``303`` ``SEE_OTHER`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.4
``304`` ``NOT_MODIFIED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7232`, Section 4.1
``305`` ``USE_PROXY`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.5
``307`` ``TEMPORARY_REDIRECT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.4.7
``308`` ``PERMANENT_REDIRECT`` Permanent Redirect :rfc:`7238`, Section 3 (Experimental)
``400`` ``BAD_REQUEST`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.1
``401`` ``UNAUTHORIZED`` HTTP/1.1 Authentication :rfc:`7235`, Section 3.1
``402`` ``PAYMENT_REQUIRED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.2
``403`` ``FORBIDDEN`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.3
``404`` ``NOT_FOUND`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.4
``405`` ``METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.5
``406`` ``NOT_ACCEPTABLE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.6
``407`` ``PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`` HTTP/1.1 Authentication :rfc:`7235`, Section 3.2
``408`` ``REQUEST_TIMEOUT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.7
``409`` ``CONFLICT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.8
``410`` ``GONE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.9
``411`` ``LENGTH_REQUIRED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.10
``412`` ``PRECONDITION_FAILED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7232`, Section 4.2
``413`` ``REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.11
``414`` ``REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.12
``415`` ``UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.13
``416`` ``REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE`` HTTP/1.1 Range Requests :rfc:`7233`, Section 4.4
``417`` ``EXPECTATION_FAILED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.14
``421`` ``MISDIRECTED_REQUEST`` HTTP/2 :rfc:`7540`, Section 9.1.2
``422`` ``UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY`` WebDAV :rfc:`4918`, Section 11.2
``423`` ``LOCKED`` WebDAV :rfc:`4918`, Section 11.3
``424`` ``FAILED_DEPENDENCY`` WebDAV :rfc:`4918`, Section 11.4
``426`` ``UPGRADE_REQUIRED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.5.15
``428`` ``PRECONDITION_REQUIRED`` Additional HTTP Status Codes :rfc:`6585`
``429`` ``TOO_MANY_REQUESTS`` Additional HTTP Status Codes :rfc:`6585`
``431`` ``REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE`` Additional HTTP Status Codes :rfc:`6585`
``451`` ``UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS`` An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles :rfc:`7725`
``500`` ``INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.1
``501`` ``NOT_IMPLEMENTED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.2
``502`` ``BAD_GATEWAY`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.3
``503`` ``SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.4
``504`` ``GATEWAY_TIMEOUT`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.5
``505`` ``HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED`` HTTP/1.1 :rfc:`7231`, Section 6.6.6
``506`` ``VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES`` Transparent Content Negotiation in HTTP :rfc:`2295`, Section 8.1 (Experimental)
``507`` ``INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE`` WebDAV :rfc:`4918`, Section 11.5
``508`` ``LOOP_DETECTED`` WebDAV Binding Extensions :rfc:`5842`, Section 7.2 (Experimental)
``510`` ``NOT_EXTENDED`` An HTTP Extension Framework :rfc:`2774`, Section 7 (Experimental)
``511`` ``NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED`` Additional HTTP Status Codes :rfc:`6585`, Section 6
======= =================================== ==================================================================
In order to preserve backwards compatibility, enum values are also present
in the :mod:`http.client` module in the form of constants. The enum name is
equal to the constant name (i.e. ``http.HTTPStatus.OK`` is also available as
``http.client.OK``).
.. versionchanged:: 3.7
Added ``421 MISDIRECTED_REQUEST`` status code.
.. versionadded:: 3.8
Added ``451 UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS`` status code.
|
