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<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_substitute</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_substitute.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
</div>
<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Perform search and replace operations on response bodies</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>substitute_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_substitute.c</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in Apache HTTP Server 2.2.7 and later</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_substitute.html">mod_substitute</a></code> provides a mechanism to perform
both regular expression and fixed string substitutions on
response bodies.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#substitute">Substitute</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Substitute" id="Substitute">Substitute</a> <a name="substitute" id="substitute">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Pattern to filter the response content</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Substitute <var>s/pattern/substitution/[infq]</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_substitute</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">Substitute</code> directive specifies a
search and replace pattern to apply to the response body.</p>
<p>The meaning of the pattern can be modified by using any
combination of these flags:</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>i</code></dt>
<dd>Perform a case-insensitive match.</dd>
<dt><code>n</code></dt>
<dd>By default the pattern is treated as a regular expression.
Using the <code>n</code> flag forces the pattern to be treated
as a fixed string.</dd>
<dt><code>f</code></dt>
<dd>The <code>f</code> flag causes mod_substitute to flatten the
result of a substitution allowing for later substitutions to
take place on the boundary of this one. This is the default.</dd>
<dt><code>q</code></dt>
<dd>The <code>q</code> flag causes mod_substitute to not
flatten the buckets after each substitution. This can
result in much faster response and a decrease in memory
utilization, but should only be used if there is no possibility
that the result of one substitution will ever match a pattern
or regex of a subsequent one.</dd>
</dl>
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute s/foo/bar/ni
</Location>
</pre>
</div>
<p>If either the pattern or the substitution contain a slash
character then an alternative delimiter should be used:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example of using an alternate delimiter</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
Substitute "s|<BR */?>|<br />|i"
</Location>
</pre>
</div>
<p>Backreferences can be used in the comparison and in the substitution,
when regular expressions are used, as illustrated in the following example: </p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example of using backreferences and captures</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
<Location />
AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE text/html
# "foo=k,bar=k" -> "foo/bar=k"
Substitute "s|foo=(\w+),bar=\1|foo/bar=$1"
</Location>
</pre>
</div>
<p>A common use scenario for <code>mod_substitute</code> is the
situation in which a front-end server proxies requests to a back-end
server which returns HTML with hard-coded embedded URLs that refer
to the back-end server. These URLs don't work for the end-user,
since the back-end server is unreachable.</p>
<p>In this case, <code>mod_substutite</code> can be used to rewrite
those URLs into something that will work from the front end:</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Rewriting URLs embedded in proxied content</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">
ProxyPass /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com
ProxyPassReverse /blog/ http://internal.blog.example.com/
Substitute "s|http://internal.blog.example.com/|http://www.example.com/blog/|i"
</pre>
</div>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypassreverse">ProxyPassReverse</a></code>
modifies any <code>Location</code> (redirect) headers that are sent
by the back-end server, and, in this example,
<code>Substitute</code> takes care of the rest of the problem by
fixing up the HTML response as well.</p>
</div>
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