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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<title>mod_remoteip - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.3</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.3</a> > <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
<div id="page-content">
<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_remoteip</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_remoteip.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
</div>
<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Replaces the apparent client remote IP address and hostname
for the request with the IP address list presented by a proxies or a load
balancer via the request headers.
</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>remoteip_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip.c</td></tr></table>
<h3>Summary</h3>
<p>This module is used to treat the remote host which initiated the
request as the originating remote host as identified by httpd for the
purposes of authorization and logging, even where that remote host is
behind a load balancer, front end server, or proxy server.</p>
<p>The module replaces the apparent remote (client) IP/hostname for
the request with the IP address reported in the request header
configured with the <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive.</p>
<p>Once replaced as instructed, this apparent IP address is then used
for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code> features
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#require host"><Require host></a></code>
and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html#require ip"><Require ip></a></code>,
is reported by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>, and is recorded by
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code> <code>%a</code> and <code>%h</code>
directives. It also determines the machine probed for an inetd
identity by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html">mod_ident</a></code> based on the
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code> configuration.</p>
<div class="warning">It is critical to only enable this behavior from
intermediate hosts (proxies, etc) which are trusted by this server, since
it is trivial for the remote client to impersonate another client.</div>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
<ul id="toc">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipheader">RemoteIPHeader</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipinternalproxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipinternalproxylist">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteipproxiesheader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#remoteiptrustedproxylist">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Topics</h3>
<ul id="topics">
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#processing">Remote IP Processing</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3>
<ul class="seealso">
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_authz_host.html">mod_authz_host</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code></li>
<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html">mod_ident</a></code></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="processing" id="processing">Remote IP Processing</a></h2>
<p>Apache identifies the client with the connection's remote_ip value,
and the connection remote_host and remote_logname are derived from this
value. These fields play a role in authentication, authorization and
logging and other purposes by other loadable modules.</p>
<p>mod_remoteip replaces the true remote_ip with the advertised remote_ip as
provided by a proxy, for every evaluation of the client that occurs in the
server, and resets the remote_host and remote_logname values to trigger a
fresh dns or ident query of the remote IP address.</p>
<p>When multiple, comma delimited remote IP addresses are listed in the
header value, they are processed in Right-to-Left order. Processing
halts when a given remote IP address is not trusted to present the
preceeding IP address. The header field is updated to this remaining
list of unconfirmed IP addresses, or if all IP addresses were trusted,
this header is removed from the request altogether.</p>
<p>In replacing the remote_ip, the module stores the list of intermediate
hosts in a remoteip-proxy-ip-list note, which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html">mod_log_config</a></code>
can record using the <code>%{remoteip-proxy-ip-list}n</code> format token.
If the administrator needs to store this as an additional header, this
same value can also be recording as a header using the directive
<code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code>.</p>
<div class="note"><h3>IPv4-over-IPv6 Mapped Addresses</h3>
As with httpd in general, any IPv4-over-IPv6 mapped addresses are recorded
in their IPv4 representation.</div>
<div class="note"><h3>Internal (Private) Addresses</h3>
All internal addresses 10/8, 172.16/12, 192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8
blocks (and IPv6 addresses outside of the public 2000::/3 block) are only
evaluated by mod_remoteip when <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code>
internal (intranet) proxies are registered.</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPHeader" id="RemoteIPHeader">RemoteIPHeader</a> <a name="remoteipheader" id="remoteipheader">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which should be parsed for client IP addresses</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPHeader <var>header-field</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> directive triggers
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> to treat the value of the specified
<var>header-field</var> header as the client IP address, or list
of intermediate client IP addresses, subject to further configuration
of the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> and
<code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directives. Unless these
other directives are used, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will trust all
hosts presenting a <code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> IP value.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP
</code></p></div>
<div class="example"><h3>Proxy Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For
</code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPInternalProxy" id="RemoteIPInternalProxy">RemoteIPInternalProxy</a> <a name="remoteipinternalproxy" id="remoteipinternalproxy">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPInternalProxy <var>proxy-ip</var>|<var>proxy-ip/subnet</var>|<var>hostname</var> ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive adds one
or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
<code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive, any IP address
presented in this header, including private intranet addresses, are
trusted when passed from these proxies.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.0/24<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxy gateway.localdomain
</code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPInternalProxyList" id="RemoteIPInternalProxyList">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</a> <a name="remoteipinternalproxylist" id="remoteipinternalproxylist">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPInternalProxyList <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxyList</code> directive specifies
a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
each whitespace or newline separated entry is processed identically to
the <code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Internal (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Client-IP<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
</code></p></div>
<div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
# Our internally trusted proxies;<br />
10.0.2.0/24 #Everyone in the testing group<br />
gateway.localdomain #The front end balancer
</code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPProxiesHeader" id="RemoteIPProxiesHeader">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</a> <a name="remoteipproxiesheader" id="remoteipproxiesheader">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare the header field which will record all intermediate IP addresses</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPProxiesHeader <var>HeaderFieldName</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPProxiesHeader</code> directive specifies
a header into which <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_remoteip.html">mod_remoteip</a></code> will collect a list of
all of the intermediate client IP addresses trusted to resolve the actual
remote IP. Note that intermediate <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code>
addresses are recorded in this header, while any intermediate
<code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> addresses are discarded.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
RemoteIPProxiesHeader X-Forwarded-By
</code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxy" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxy">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxy" id="remoteiptrustedproxy">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxy <var>proxy-ip</var>|<var>proxy-ip/subnet</var>|<var>hostname</var> ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive adds one
or more addresses (or address blocks) to trust as presenting a valid
RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP. Unlike the
<code class="directive">RemoteIPInternalProxy</code> directive, any intranet
or private IP address reported by such proxies, including the 10/8, 172.16/12,
192.168/16, 169.254/16 and 127/8 blocks (or outside of the IPv6 public
2000::/3 block) are not trusted as the remote IP, and are left in the
<code class="directive">RemoteIPHeader</code> header's value.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxy 10.0.2.16/28<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxy proxy.example.com
</code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList" id="RemoteIPTrustedProxyList">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</a> <a name="remoteiptrustedproxylist" id="remoteiptrustedproxylist">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Declare client intranet IP addresses trusted to present the RemoteIPHeader value</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>RemoteIPTrustedProxyList <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_remoteip</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxyList</code> directive specifies
a file parsed at startup, and builds a list of addresses (or address blocks)
to trust as presenting a valid RemoteIPHeader value of the client IP.</p>
<p>The '<code>#</code>' hash character designates a comment line, otherwise
each whitespace or newline seperated entry is processed identically to
the <code class="directive">RemoteIPTrustedProxy</code> directive.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Trusted (Load Balancer) Example</h3><p><code>
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For<br />
RemoteIPTrustedProxyList conf/trusted-proxies.lst
</code></p></div>
<div class="example"><h3>conf/trusted-proxies.lst contents</h3><p><code>
# Identified external proxies;<br />
192.0.2.16/28 #wap phone group of proxies<br />
proxy.isp.example.com #some well known ISP
</code></p></div>
</div>
</div>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_remoteip.html" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="../fr/mod/mod_remoteip.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p>
</div><div id="footer">
<p class="apache">Copyright 2011 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
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