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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<!DOCTYPE manualpage SYSTEM "../style/manualpage.dtd">
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="../style/manual.en.xsl"?>
<!-- $LastChangedRevision$ -->
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this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
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<manualpage metafile="public_html.xml.meta">
<parentdocument href="./">How-To / Tutorials</parentdocument>
<title>Per-user web directories</title>
<summary>
<p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a
web site in their home directory using the <directive
module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive. Visitors
to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content
out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of
the subdirectory specified by the <directive
module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive.</p>
<p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong>
enabled. You can enable access when using <directive module="mod_userdir"
>UserDir</directive> by uncommenting the line</p>
<example>
#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf
</example>
<p>in the default config file <code>conf/httpd.conf</code>, and adapting the <code
>httpd-userdir.conf</code>
file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a
<code>Directory</code> block within the main config file.</p>
</summary>
<seealso><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></seealso>
<section id="related">
<title>Per-user web directories</title>
<related>
<modulelist>
<module>mod_userdir</module>
</modulelist>
<directivelist>
<directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive>
<directive module="core">DirectoryMatch</directive>
<directive module="core">AllowOverride</directive>
</directivelist>
</related>
</section>
<section id="userdir">
<title>Setting the file path with UserDir</title>
<p>The <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive>
directive specifies a directory out of which per-user
content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p>
<p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is
assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the
specified user. Given this configuration:</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir public_html</highlight>
<p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
translated to the file path
<code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p>
<p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be
constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this
configuration:</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir /var/html</highlight>
<p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
<p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used
in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this
configuration:</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir /var/www/*/docs</highlight>
<p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be
translated to the file path
<code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p>
<p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir public_html /var/html</highlight>
<p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>,
Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found,
Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If
found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path
<code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p>
</section>
<section id="redirect">
<title>Redirecting to external URLs</title>
<p>The <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive> directive can be
used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir http://example.org/users/*/</highlight>
<p>The above example will redirect a request for
<code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to
<code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="enable">
<title>Restricting what users are permitted to use this
feature</title>
<p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict
what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p>
<highlight language="config">UserDir disabled root jro fish</highlight>
<p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users
except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement.
You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by
using a configuration like the following:</p>
<highlight language="config">
UserDir disabled<br />
UserDir enabled rbowen krietz
</highlight>
<p>See <directive module="mod_userdir">UserDir</directive>
documentation for additional examples.</p>
</section>
<section id="cgi">
<title>Enabling a cgi directory for each user</title>
<p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use
a <directive module="core" type="section">Directory</directive>
directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory
cgi-enabled.</p>
<highlight language="config">
<Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/>
Options ExecCGI
SetHandler cgi-script
</Directory>
</highlight>
<p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to
<code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code>
could be loaded from that directory as:</p>
<example>
http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi
</example>
</section>
<section id="htaccess">
<title>Allowing users to alter configuration</title>
<p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in
their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to
make these changes. Ensure that you have set <directive
module="core">AllowOverride</directive> to a
value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users
to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for
additional details on how this works.</p>
</section>
</manualpage>
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