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diff --git a/docs/faq/Samba-Server-FAQ-2.html b/docs/faq/Samba-Server-FAQ-2.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..731391a9987 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/faq/Samba-Server-FAQ-2.html @@ -0,0 +1,500 @@ +<HTML> +<HEAD> +<TITLE> Samba Server FAQ: How do I get the CIFS, SMB and NetBIOS protocols?</TITLE> +</HEAD> +<BODY> +<A HREF="Samba-Server-FAQ-1.html">Previous</A> +Next +<A HREF="Samba-Server-FAQ.html#toc2">Table of Contents</A> +<HR> +<H2><A NAME="s2">2. How do I get the CIFS, SMB and NetBIOS protocols?</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="ServerProtocols"></A> +</P> +<P>See the +<A HREF="Samba-meta-FAQ.html#CifsSmb">meta FAQ on CIFS and SMB</A> if you don't have any idea what these protocols are.</P> +<P>CIFS and SMB are implemented by the main Samba fileserving daemon, smbd. +<F>.....</F></P> +<P>nmbd speaks a limited amount of CIFS (...) but is mostly concerned with +NetBIOS. NetBIOS is <F>....</F></P> +<P>RFC1001, RFC1002 <F>...</F></P> +<P>So, provided you have got Samba correctly installed and running you have +all three of these protocols. Some operating systems already come with +stacks for all or some of these, such as SCO Unix, OS/2 and <F>...</F> In this +case you must <F>...</F></P> + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.1">2.1 What server operating systems are supported?</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="PortInfo"></A> +</P> +<P>At the last count, Samba runs on about 40 operating systems! This +section looks at general questions about running Samba on the different +platforms. Issues specific to particular operating systems are dealt +with in elsewhere in this document.</P> +<P>Many of the ports have been done by people outside the Samba team keen +to get the advantages of Samba. The Samba team is currently trying to +bring as many of these ports as possible into the main source tree and +integrate the documentation. Samba is an integration tool, and so it has +been made as easy as possible to port. The platforms most widely used +and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.</P> +<P>This migration has not been completed yet. This means that some +documentation is on web sites <F>...</F></P> +<P>There are two main families of Samba ports, Unix and other. The Unix +ports cover anything that remotely resembles Unix and includes some +extremely old products as well as best-sellers, tiny PCs to massive +multiprocessor machines supporting hundreds of thousands of users. Samba +has been run on more than 30 Unix and Unix-like operating systems.</P> + +<H3>Running Samba on a Unix or Unix-like system</H3> + +<P> +<A NAME="OnUnix"></A> +</P> +<P> +<A HREF="../UNIX-SMB.txt">../UNIX-SMB.txt</A> describes some of the issues that confront a +SMB implementation on unix, and how Samba copes with them. They may help +people who are looking at unix<->PC interoperability.</P> +<P>There is great variation between Unix implementations, especially those +not adhering to the Common Unix Specification agreed to in 1996. Things +that can be quite tricky are <F>.....</F></P> +<P>There are also some considerable advantages conferred on Samba running +under Unix compared to, say, Windows NT or LAN Server. Unix has <F>...</F></P> +<P>At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for: +<UL> +<LI> A/UX 3.0</LI> +<LI> AIX</LI> +<LI> Altos Series 386/1000</LI> +<LI> Amiga</LI> +<LI> Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3</LI> +<LI> BSDI </LI> +<LI> B.O.S. (Bull Operating System)</LI> +<LI> Cray, Unicos 8.0</LI> +<LI> Convex</LI> +<LI> DGUX. </LI> +<LI> DNIX.</LI> +<LI> FreeBSD</LI> +<LI> HP-UX</LI> +<LI> Intergraph. </LI> +<LI> Linux with/without shadow passwords and quota</LI> +<LI> LYNX 2.3.0</LI> +<LI> MachTen (a unix like system for Macintoshes)</LI> +<LI> Motorola 88xxx/9xx range of machines</LI> +<LI> NetBSD</LI> +<LI> NEXTSTEP Release 2.X, 3.0 and greater (including OPENSTEP for Mach).</LI> +<LI> OS/2 using EMX 0.9b</LI> +<LI> OSF1</LI> +<LI> QNX 4.22</LI> +<LI> RiscIX. </LI> +<LI> RISCOs 5.0B</LI> +<LI> SEQUENT. </LI> +<LI> SCO (including: 3.2v2, European dist., OpenServer 5)</LI> +<LI> SGI.</LI> +<LI> SMP_DC.OSx v1.1-94c079 on Pyramid S series</LI> +<LI> SONY NEWS, NEWS-OS (4.2.x and 6.1.x)</LI> +<LI> SUNOS 4</LI> +<LI> SUNOS 5.2, 5.3, and 5.4 (Solaris 2.2, 2.3, and '2.4 and later')</LI> +<LI> Sunsoft ISC SVR3V4</LI> +<LI> SVR4</LI> +<LI> System V with some berkely extensions (Motorola 88k R32V3.2).</LI> +<LI> ULTRIX.</LI> +<LI> UNIXWARE</LI> +<LI> UXP/DS</LI> +</UL> +</P> + + +<H3>Running Samba on systems unlike Unix</H3> + +<P> +<A NAME="OnUnlikeUnix"></A> +</P> +<P>More recently Samba has been ported to a number of operating systems +which can provide a BSD Unix-like implementation of TCP/IP sockets. +These include OS/2, Netware, VMS, StratOS, Amiga and MVS. BeOS, +Windows NT and several others are being worked on but not yet available +for use.</P> +<P>Home pages for these ports are:</P> +<P><F>... </F></P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.2">2.2 Exporting server resources with Samba</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="Exporting"></A> +</P> +<P>Files, printers, CD ROMs and other local devices. Network devices, +including networked filesystems and remote printer queues. Other devices +such as <F>....</F></P> +<P>1.4) Configuring SHARES +1.4.1) Homes service +1.4.2) Public services +1.4.3) Application serving +1.4.4) Team sharing a Samba resource</P> +<P>1.5) Printer configuration +1.5.1) Berkeley LPR/LPD systems +1.5.2) ATT SysV lp systems +1.5.3) Using a private printcap file +1.5.4) Use of the smbprint utility +1.5.5) Printing from Windows to Unix +1.5.6) Printing from Unix to Windows</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.3">2.3 Name Resolution and Browsing</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="NameBrowsing"></A> +</P> +<P>See also +<A HREF="../BROWSING.txt">../BROWSING.txt</A></P> +<P>1.6) Name resolution issues +1.6.1) LMHOSTS file and when to use it +1.6.2) configuring WINS (support, server, proxy) +1.6.3) configuring DNS proxy</P> +<P>1.7) Problem Diagnosis +1.8) What NOT to do!!!!</P> +<P>3.2) Browse list managment +3.3) Name resolution mangement</P> + + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.4">2.4 Handling SMB Encryption</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="SMBEncryptionSteps"></A> +</P> +<P>SMB encryption is ...</P> +<P>...in +<A HREF="../ENCRYPTION.txt">../ENCRYPTION.txt</A> there is...</P> +<P>Samba compiled with libdes - enabling encrypted passwords</P> + + +<H3>Laws in different countries affecting Samba</H3> + +<P> +<A NAME="CryptoLaws"></A> +</P> + +<H3>Relationship between encryption and Domain Authentication</H3> + + + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.5">2.5 Files and record locking</A> 3.1.1) Old DOS clients 3.1.2) Opportunistic locking and the consequences 3.1.3) Files caching under Windows for Workgroups, Win95 and NT Some of the foregoing links into Client-FAQ</H2> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.6">2.6 Managing Samba Log files</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="LogFiles"></A> +</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.7">2.7 I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="no_browse"></A> + +See +<A HREF="ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt">BROWSING.txt</A> +for more information on browsing. Browsing.txt can also be found +in the docs directory of the Samba source.</P> +<P>If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable +servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under +Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M: +thusly: +<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE> +<PRE> + net use M: \\mary\fred +</PRE> +</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE> + +The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from +client to client - check your client's documentation.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.8">2.8 Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I view the files from my client! </A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="missing_files"></A> + +See the next question.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.9">2.9 Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when I view the files from my client! </A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="strange_filenames"></A> + +If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they +are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not +DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).</P> +<P>The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files +completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you +are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been +configured to ignore them. Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for +details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is +"mangled names = yes".</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.10">2.10 My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="cant_see_server"></A> + +This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server +name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the +name you specified cannot be resolved.</P> +<P>After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you +should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting +to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it +is, the problem is most likely name resolution.</P> +<P>If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the +hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Man Manager +or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file +LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between +your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then +there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution +is beyond the scope of this document.</P> +<P>If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name +resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a +netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program), +the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section +Two of this FAQ for more ideas.</P> +<P>By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further +tests :-) </P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.11">2.11 My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or similar</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="cant_see_share"></A> + +This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified +server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of +the name you gave.</P> +<P>The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are +trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it +exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's doco on how +to specify a service name correctly), read on:</P> +<P> +<UL> +<LI> Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than eight characters.</LI> +<LI> Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing spaces.</LI> +<LI> Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service names.</LI> +<LI> Some clients force service names into upper case.</LI> +</UL> +</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.12">2.12 My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log on to the network" or similar </A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="cant_see_net"></A> + +Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name +controller stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the +whole concept of a primary domain controller and "logging in to a +network" doesn't fit well with clients possibly running on multiuser +machines (such as users of smbclient under Unix). Having said that, +several developers are working hard on building it in to the next +major version of Samba. If you can contribute, send a message to +<A HREF="mailto:samba-bugs@anu.edu.au">samba-bugs@anu.edu.au</A> !</P> +<P>Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected +disks and printers, which is really what all this is about.</P> +<P>For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager), +setting the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.13">2.13 Printing doesn't work :-(</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="no_printing"></A> + </P> +<P>Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are +connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg., +use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr", if you happen to be using +Unix).</P> +<P>Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is +writable by the user connected to the service. </P> +<P>Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use +the printer.</P> +<P>Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and +see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with +a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client +attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1 +protocol.</P> +<P>If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not +Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug.</P> +<P>If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to +coreplus. Also not that print status error messages don't mean +printing won't work. The print status is received by a different +mechanism.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.14">2.14 My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="programs_wont_run"></A> + +There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR +possibility is that your software uses locking. Make sure you are +using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It may also be possible to work around +the problem by setting "locking=no" in the Samba configuration file +for the service the software is installed on. This should be regarded +as a strictly temporary solution.</P> +<P>In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very +latest Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows +6. These should have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew +Tridgell know via email at +<A HREF="mailto:samba-bugs@anu.edu.au">samba-bugs@anu.edu.au</A>.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.15">2.15 My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="bad_server_string"></A> + +OR My client reports the default setting, eg. "Samba 1.9.15p4", instead +of what I have changed it to in the smb.conf file.</P> +<P>You need to use the -C option in nmbd. The "server string" affects +what smbd puts out and -C affects what nmbd puts out.</P> +<P>Current versions of Samba (1.9.16 +) have combined these options into +the "server string" field of smb.conf, -C for nmbd is now obsolete.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.16">2.16 My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources" </A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="cant_list_shares"></A> + +Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the +guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is +valid.</P> +<P>See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page.</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.17">2.17 Issues specific to Unix and Unix-like systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="UnixIssues"></A> +</P> + +<H3>Printing doesn't work with my Unix Samba server</H3> + +<P> +<A NAME="no_printing"></A> + </P> +<P>The user "nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked +with an earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other +than "nobody".</P> + +<H3>Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" </H3> + +<P> +<A NAME="trapdoor_uid"></A> + +This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid +or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security +hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no +user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many +broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535.</P> +<P>It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-)</P> +<P>This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to +another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on +being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back +again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid +system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less +things will break if you use user or server level security instead of +the default share level security, but you may still strike +problems.</P> +<P>The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic, +but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable. +In particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as +two different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a +"guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect +your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as +the guest user.</P> +<P>Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system.</P> +<P>Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that +it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with +no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run +as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good!</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.18">2.18 Issues specific to IBM OS/2 systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="OS2Issues"></A> +</P> +<P> +<A HREF="http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/samba/samba2.html">Samba for OS/2</A></P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.19">2.19 Issues specific to IBM MVS systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="MVSIssues"></A> +</P> +<P> +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.mks.com/pub/samba/">Samba for OS/390 MVS</A></P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.20">2.20 Issues specific to Digital VMS systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="VMSIssues"></A> +</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.21">2.21 Issues specific to Amiga systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="AmigaIssues"></A> +</P> +<P> +<A HREF="http://www.gbar.dtu.dk/~c948374/Amiga/Samba/">Samba for Amiga</A></P> +<P>There is a mailing list for Samba on the Amiga.</P> +<P>Subscribing.</P> +<P>Send an email to rask-samba-request@kampsax.dtu.dk with the word subscribe +in the message. The list server will use the address in the Reply-To: or +From: header field, in that order.</P> +<P>Unsubscribing.</P> +<P>Send an email to rask-samba-request@kampsax.dtu.dk with the word +unsubscribe in the message. The list server will use the address in the +Reply-To: or From: header field, in that order. If you are unsure which +address you are subscribed with, look at the headers. You should see a +"From " (no colon) or Return-Path: header looking something like</P> +<P>rask-samba-owner-myname=my.domain@kampsax.dtu.dk</P> +<P>where myname=my.domain gives you the address myname@my.domain. This also +means that I will always be able to find out which address is causing +bounces, for example. +List archive.</P> +<P>Messages sent to the list are archived in HTML. See the mailing list home +page at +<A HREF="http://www.gbar.dtu.dk/~c948374/Amiga/Samba/mailinglist/">http://www.gbar.dtu.dk/~c948374/Amiga/Samba/mailinglist/</A></P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.22">2.22 Issues specific to Novell IntraNetware systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="NetwareIssues"></A> +</P> + + +<H2><A NAME="ss2.23">2.23 Issues specific to Stratos VOS systems</A></H2> + +<P> +<A NAME="NetwareIssues"></A> +</P> +<P> +<A HREF="ftp://ftp.stratus.com/pub/vos/tools/">Samba for Stratus VOS</A></P> + + +<HR> +<A HREF="Samba-Server-FAQ-1.html">Previous</A> +Next +<A HREF="Samba-Server-FAQ.html#toc2">Table of Contents</A> +</BODY> +</HTML> |