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/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2013 Digia Plc and/or its subsidiary(-ies).
** Contact: http://www.qt-project.org/legal
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/*!
\example xmlpatterns/schema
\title XML Schema Validation Example
\ingroup xmlpattern_examples
The XML Schema Validation example shows how to use Qt XML Patterns to
validate XML with a W3C XML Schema.
\tableofcontents
\section1 Introduction
The example application shows different XML schema definitions and
for every definition two XML instance documents, one that is valid
according to the schema and one that is not.
The user can select the valid or invalid instance document, change
it and validate it again.
\section2 The User Interface
The UI for this example was created using \l{Qt Designer Manual} {Qt
Designer}:
\image schema-example.png
The UI consists of three parts, at the top the XML schema \l{QComboBox} {selection}
and the schema \l{QTextBrowser} {viewer}, below the XML instance \l{QComboBox} {selection}
and the instance \l{QTextEdit} {editor} and at the bottom the validation status \l{QLabel} {label}
next to the validation \l{QPushButton} {button}.
\section2 Validating XML Instance Documents
You can select one of the three predefined XML schemas and for each schema
an valid or invalid instance document. A click on the 'Validate' button will
validate the content of the XML instance editor against the schema from the
XML schema viewer. As you can modify the content of the instance editor, different
instances can be tested and validation error messages analysed.
\section1 Code Walk-Through
The example's main() function creates the standard instance of
QApplication. Then it creates an instance of the mainwindow class, shows it,
and starts the Qt event loop:
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/main.cpp 0
\section2 The UI Class: MainWindow
The example's UI is a conventional Qt GUI application inheriting
QMainWindow and the class generated by \l{Qt Designer Manual} {Qt
Designer}:
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.h 0
The constructor fills the schema and instance \l{QComboBox} selections with the predefined
schemas and instances and connects their \l{QComboBox::currentIndexChanged()} {currentIndexChanged()}
signals to the window's \c{schemaSelected()} resp. \c{instanceSelected()} slot.
Furthermore the signal-slot connections for the validation \l{QPushButton} {button}
and the instance \l{QTextEdit} {editor} are set up.
The call to \c{schemaSelected(0)} and \c{instanceSelected(0)} will trigger the validation
of the initial Contact Schema example.
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.cpp 0
In the \c{schemaSelected()} slot the content of the instance \l{QComboBox} {selection}
is adapted to the selected schema and the corresponding schema is loaded from the
\l{The Qt Resource System} {resource file} and displayed in the schema \l{QTextBrowser} {viewer}.
At the end of the method a revalidation is triggered.
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.cpp 1
In the \c{instanceSelected()} slot the selected instance is loaded from the
\l{The Qt Resource System} {resource file} and loaded into the instance \l{QTextEdit} {editor}
an the revalidation is triggered again.
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.cpp 2
The \c{validate()} slot does the actual work in this example.
At first it stores the content of the schema \l{QTextBrowser} {viewer} and the
\l{QTextEdit} {editor} into temporary \l{QByteArray} {variables}.
Then it instanciates a \c{MessageHandler} object which inherits from
\l{QAbstractMessageHandler} {QAbstractMessageHandler} and is a convenience
class to store error messages from the XmlPatterns system.
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.cpp 4
After the \l{QXmlSchema} {QXmlSchema} is instanciated and the message handler set
on it, the \l{QXmlSchema::load()} {load()} method is called with the schema data as argument.
If the schema is invalid or a parsing error has occurred, \l{QXmlSchema::isValid()} {isValid()}
returns \c{false} and the error is flagged in \c{errorOccurred}.
If the loading was successful, a \l{QXmlSchemaValidator} {QXmlSchemaValidator} is
instanciated and the schema passed in the constructor.
A call to \l{QXmlSchemaValidator::validate()} {validate()} will validate the passed
XML instance data against the XML schema. The return value of that method signals
whether the validation was successful.
Depending on the success the status \l{QLabel} {label} is set to 'validation successful'
or the error message stored in the \c{MessageHandler}
The rest of the code does only some fancy coloring and eyecandy.
\snippet xmlpatterns/schema/mainwindow.cpp 3
*/
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