[core] replace encodePNG() with a version that doesn't use libpng

rationale: encodePNG is only used in tests + sample apps, but shouldn't actually be part of the core library. In #7828, we're removing the libpng dependency for Android, and using a libpng-free version of encodePNG allows us to run the core unit tests on Android without pulling in libpng just for the test suite. In a next step, we should remove encodePNG() from the image.hpp header, which is a public header.

5 files changed, 104 insertions, 70 deletions

diff --git a/platform/android/config.cmake b/platform/android/config.cmake
index c3c461ffa1..7d522a1212 100644
--- a/platform/android/config.cmake
+++ b/platform/android/config.cmake
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ macro(mbgl_platform_core)
 
         # Image handling
         PRIVATE platform/default/image.cpp
+        PRIVATE platform/default/png_writer.cpp
         PRIVATE platform/default/png_reader.cpp
         PRIVATE platform/default/jpeg_reader.cpp
 
diff --git a/platform/default/image.cpp b/platform/default/image.cpp
index 84db1e9c71..ad9d83a08d 100644
--- a/platform/default/image.cpp
+++ b/platform/default/image.cpp
@@ -2,78 +2,8 @@
 #include <mbgl/util/string.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/util/premultiply.hpp>
 
-#include <png.h>
-
-template<size_t max, typename... Args>
-static std::string sprintf(const char *msg, Args... args) {
-    char res[max];
-    int len = snprintf(res, sizeof(res), msg, args...);
-    return std::string(res, len);
-}
-
-const static bool png_version_check __attribute__((unused)) = []() {
-    const png_uint_32 version = png_access_version_number();
-    if (version != PNG_LIBPNG_VER) {
-        throw std::runtime_error(sprintf<96>(
-            "libpng version mismatch: headers report %d.%d.%d, but library reports %d.%d.%d",
-            PNG_LIBPNG_VER / 10000, (PNG_LIBPNG_VER / 100) % 100, PNG_LIBPNG_VER % 100,
-            version / 10000, (version / 100) % 100, version % 100));
-    }
-    return true;
-}();
-
 namespace mbgl {
 
-std::string encodePNG(const PremultipliedImage& pre) {
-    PremultipliedImage copy(pre.size);
-    std::copy(pre.data.get(), pre.data.get() + pre.bytes(), copy.data.get());
-
-    UnassociatedImage src = util::unpremultiply(std::move(copy));
-
-    png_voidp error_ptr = nullptr;
-    png_structp png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, error_ptr, nullptr, nullptr);
-    if (!png_ptr) {
-        throw std::runtime_error("couldn't create png_ptr");
-    }
-
-    png_infop info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
-    if (!png_ptr) {
-        png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)nullptr);
-        throw std::runtime_error("couldn't create info_ptr");
-    }
-
-    png_set_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, src.size.width, src.size.height, 8, PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA,
-                 PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
-
-    jmp_buf *jmp_context = (jmp_buf *)png_get_error_ptr(png_ptr);
-    if (jmp_context) {
-        png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
-        throw std::runtime_error("png error");
-    }
-
-    std::string result;
-    png_set_write_fn(png_ptr, &result, [](png_structp png_ptr_, png_bytep data, png_size_t length) {
-        std::string *out = static_cast<std::string *>(png_get_io_ptr(png_ptr_));
-        out->append(reinterpret_cast<char *>(data), length);
-    }, nullptr);
-
-    struct ptrs {
-        ptrs(size_t count) : rows(new png_bytep[count]) {}
-        ~ptrs() { delete[] rows; }
-        png_bytep *rows = nullptr;
-    } pointers(src.size.height);
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < src.size.height; i++) {
-        pointers.rows[i] = src.data.get() + src.stride() * i;
-    }
-
-    png_set_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr, pointers.rows);
-    png_write_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY, nullptr);
-    png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
-
-    return result;
-}
-
 #if !defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
 PremultipliedImage decodeWebP(const uint8_t*, size_t);
 #endif // !defined(__ANDROID__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
diff --git a/platform/default/png_reader.cpp b/platform/default/png_reader.cpp
index 5ae74d74db..d694f43405 100644
--- a/platform/default/png_reader.cpp
+++ b/platform/default/png_reader.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,24 @@ extern "C"
 #include <png.h>
 }
 
+template<size_t max, typename... Args>
+static std::string sprintf(const char *msg, Args... args) {
+    char res[max];
+    int len = snprintf(res, sizeof(res), msg, args...);
+    return std::string(res, len);
+}
+
+const static bool png_version_check __attribute__((unused)) = []() {
+    const png_uint_32 version = png_access_version_number();
+    if (version != PNG_LIBPNG_VER) {
+        throw std::runtime_error(sprintf<96>(
+            "libpng version mismatch: headers report %d.%d.%d, but library reports %d.%d.%d",
+            PNG_LIBPNG_VER / 10000, (PNG_LIBPNG_VER / 100) % 100, PNG_LIBPNG_VER % 100,
+            version / 10000, (version / 100) % 100, version % 100));
+    }
+    return true;
+}();
+
 namespace mbgl {
 
 static void user_error_fn(png_structp, png_const_charp error_msg) {
diff --git a/platform/default/png_writer.cpp b/platform/default/png_writer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a620d8b986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/platform/default/png_writer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#include <mbgl/util/compression.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/util/image.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/util/premultiply.hpp>
+
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wshadow"
+#include <boost/crc.hpp>
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#define NETWORK_BYTE_UINT32(value)                                                                 \
+    char(value >> 24), char(value >> 16), char(value >> 8), char(value >> 0)
+
+namespace {
+
+void addChunk(std::string& png, const char* type, const char* data = "", const uint32_t size = 0) {
+    assert(strlen(type) == 4);
+
+    // Checksum encompasses type + data
+    boost::crc_32_type checksum;
+    checksum.process_bytes(type, 4);
+    checksum.process_bytes(data, size);
+
+    const char length[4] = { NETWORK_BYTE_UINT32(size) };
+    const char crc[4] = { NETWORK_BYTE_UINT32(checksum.checksum()) };
+
+    png.reserve(png.size() + 4 /* length */ + 4 /* type */ + size + 4 /* CRC */);
+    png.append(length, 4);
+    png.append(type, 4);
+    png.append(data, size);
+    png.append(crc, 4);
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+namespace mbgl {
+
+// Encode PNGs without libpng.
+std::string encodePNG(const PremultipliedImage& pre) {
+    const UnassociatedImage src = [&pre] {
+        // Make copy of the image so that we can unpremultiply it.
+        PremultipliedImage copy(pre.size);
+        std::copy(pre.data.get(), pre.data.get() + pre.bytes(), copy.data.get());
+        return util::unpremultiply(std::move(copy));
+    }();
+
+    // PNG magic bytes
+    const char preamble[8] = { char(0x89), 'P', 'N', 'G', '\r', '\n', 0x1a, '\n' };
+
+    // IHDR chunk for our RGBA image.
+    const char ihdr[13] = {
+        NETWORK_BYTE_UINT32(src.size.width),  // width
+        NETWORK_BYTE_UINT32(src.size.height), // height
+        8,                                    // bit depth == 8 bits
+        6,                                    // color type == RGBA
+        0,                                    // compression method == deflate
+        0,                                    // filter method == default
+        0,                                    // interlace method == none
+    };
+
+    // Prepare the (compressed) data chunk.
+    const auto stride = src.stride();
+    std::string idat;
+    for (uint32_t y = 0; y < src.size.height; y++) {
+        // Every scanline needs to be prefixed with one byte that indicates the filter type.
+        idat.append(1, 0); // filter type 0
+        idat.append((const char*)(src.data.get() + y * stride), stride);
+    }
+    idat = util::compress(idat);
+
+    // Assemble the PNG.
+    std::string png;
+    png.reserve((8 /* preamble */) + (12 + 13 /* IHDR */) +
+                (12 + idat.size() /* IDAT */) + (12 /* IEND */));
+    png.append(preamble, 8);
+    addChunk(png, "IHDR", ihdr, 13);
+    addChunk(png, "IDAT", idat.data(), idat.size());
+    addChunk(png, "IEND");
+    return png;
+}
+
+} // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/platform/linux/config.cmake b/platform/linux/config.cmake
index 13f3edb96f..caf91fdce2 100644
--- a/platform/linux/config.cmake
+++ b/platform/linux/config.cmake
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ macro(mbgl_platform_core)
         # Image handling
         PRIVATE platform/default/image.cpp
         PRIVATE platform/default/jpeg_reader.cpp
+        PRIVATE platform/default/png_writer.cpp
         PRIVATE platform/default/png_reader.cpp
         PRIVATE platform/default/webp_reader.cpp