[core] move ProgramMap to within the gl::Program object

53 files changed, 819 insertions, 327 deletions

diff --git a/scripts/generate-shaders.js b/scripts/generate-shaders.js
index 4f58608e20..fc9088fd21 100755
--- a/scripts/generate-shaders.js
+++ b/scripts/generate-shaders.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ require('flow-remove-types/register');
 const path = require('path');
 const outputPath = 'src/mbgl/programs/gl';
 const zlib = require('zlib');
+const crypto = require('crypto');
 
 var shaders = require('../mapbox-gl-js/src/shaders');
 
@@ -28,18 +29,23 @@ for (const key in shaders) {
     // https://github.com/mapbox/mapbox-gl-native/issues/13984
     shaders[key].vertexSource = shaders[key].vertexSource.replace(/\ba_(\w+)_t\b/mg, 'u_$1_t');
 
+    const hash = crypto.createHash('sha1');
+
     const vertex = concatenated.length;
-    concatenated += basicMinify(shaders[key].vertexSource);
-    concatenated += '\n\0';
+    const vertexSource = basicMinify(shaders[key].vertexSource) + '\n\0';
+    hash.update(vertexSource);
+    concatenated += vertexSource;
 
     const fragment = concatenated.length;
-    concatenated += basicMinify(shaders[key].fragmentSource);
-    concatenated += '\n\0';
+    const fragmentSource = basicMinify(shaders[key].fragmentSource) + '\n\0';
+    hash.update(fragmentSource);
+    concatenated += fragmentSource;
 
     offsets[key] = {
         vertex,
         fragment,
         originalKey: key,
+        hash: hash.digest('hex').substring(0, 16).match(/.{1,2}/g).map(n => `0x${n}`).join(', '),
         shaderName: key.replace(/[A-Z]+/g, (match) => `_${match.toLowerCase()}`),
         ShaderName: key.replace(/^[a-z]/g, (match) => match.toUpperCase())
     };
@@ -49,6 +55,7 @@ for (const key in shaders) {
 offsets.symbolSDFIcon = {
     vertex: offsets.symbolSDF.vertex,
     fragment: offsets.symbolSDF.fragment,
+    hash: offsets.symbolSDF.hash,
     originalKey: 'symbolSDF',
     shaderName: 'symbol_sdf_icon',
     ShaderName: 'SymbolSDFIcon',
@@ -57,6 +64,7 @@ offsets.symbolSDFIcon = {
 offsets.symbolSDFText = {
     vertex: offsets.symbolSDF.vertex,
     fragment: offsets.symbolSDF.fragment,
+    hash: offsets.symbolSDF.hash,
     originalKey: 'symbolSDF',
     shaderName: 'symbol_sdf_text',
     ShaderName: 'SymbolSDFText',
@@ -71,10 +79,6 @@ const compressed = zlib.deflateSync(concatenated, {level: zlib.Z_BEST_COMPRESSIO
     .join(',\n    ')
     .trim();
 
-function sourceOffset(key, type) {
-    return `programs::gl::shaderSource() + ${offsets[key][type]}`
-}
-
 writeIfModified(path.join(outputPath, 'shader_source.hpp'), `// NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #pragma once
@@ -85,6 +89,9 @@ namespace gl {
 
 const char* shaderSource();
 
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace programs
 } // namespace mbgl
@@ -119,29 +126,15 @@ writeIfModified(path.join(outputPath, 'preludes.hpp'), `// NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE T
 
 #pragma once
 
-namespace mbgl {
-namespace programs {
-namespace gl {
-
-extern const char* vertexShaderPrelude;
-extern const char* fragmentShaderPrelude;
-
-} // namespace gl
-} // namespace programs
-} // namespace mbgl
-`);
-
-writeIfModified(path.join(outputPath, 'preludes.cpp'), `// NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
-
-#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
-#include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 namespace mbgl {
 namespace programs {
 namespace gl {
 
-const char* vertexShaderPrelude = ${sourceOffset('prelude', 'vertex')};
-const char* fragmentShaderPrelude = ${sourceOffset('prelude', 'fragment')};
+constexpr const uint8_t preludeHash[8] = { ${offsets['prelude'].hash} };
+constexpr const auto vertexPreludeOffset = ${offsets['prelude'].vertex};
+constexpr const auto fragmentPreludeOffset = ${offsets['prelude'].fragment};
 
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace programs
@@ -157,18 +150,37 @@ for (const key in offsets) {
     writeIfModified(path.join(outputPath, `${shaderName}.cpp`), `// NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/${shaderName}_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<${ShaderName}Program> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "${shaderName}";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { ${offsets[key].hash} };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = ${offsets[key].vertex};
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = ${offsets[key].fragment};
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<${ShaderName}Program>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<${ShaderName}Program>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<${ShaderName}Program>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<${ShaderName}Program>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "${shaderName}",
-        ${sourceOffset(key, 'vertex')}, ${sourceOffset(key, 'fragment')});
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<${ShaderName}Program>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/core-files.json b/src/core-files.json
index 153a965567..e78f6232c3 100644
--- a/src/core-files.json
+++ b/src/core-files.json
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_gradient.cpp",
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_pattern.cpp",
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_sdf.cpp",
-        "src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.cpp",
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/raster.cpp",
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.cpp",
         "src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.cpp",
diff --git a/src/mbgl/gl/attribute.hpp b/src/mbgl/gl/attribute.hpp
index 62c89178cd..c7f9ba3fd4 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/gl/attribute.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/gl/attribute.hpp
@@ -95,5 +95,36 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
+template <class>
+class AttributeKey;
+
+constexpr auto attributeDefinePrefix() {
+    return "#define HAS_UNIFORM_u_";
+}
+
+template <class... As>
+class AttributeKey<TypeList<As...>> final {
+public:
+    static_assert(sizeof...(As) <= 32, "attribute count exceeds 32");
+
+    static uint32_t compute(const gfx::AttributeBindings<TypeList<As...>>& bindings) {
+        uint32_t value = 0;
+        util::ignore(
+            { (bindings.template get<As>() ? (void)(value |= 1 << TypeIndex<As, As...>::value)
+                                           : (void)0,
+               0)... });
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    static std::string defines(const gfx::AttributeBindings<TypeList<As...>>& bindings) {
+        std::string result;
+        util::ignore({ (!bindings.template get<As>()
+                            ? (void)(result += concat_literals<&attributeDefinePrefix, &As::name, &string_literal<'\n'>::value>::value())
+                            : (void)0,
+                        0)... });
+        return result;
+    }
+};
+
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/gl/context.cpp b/src/mbgl/gl/context.cpp
index 1f780331c2..eff3c2160c 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/gl/context.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/gl/context.cpp
@@ -160,12 +160,10 @@ void Context::enableDebugging() {
     MBGL_CHECK_ERROR(debugging->debugMessageCallback(extension::Debugging::DebugCallback, nullptr));
 }
 
-UniqueShader Context::createShader(ShaderType type, const std::string& source) {
+UniqueShader Context::createShader(ShaderType type, const std::initializer_list<const char*>& sources) {
     UniqueShader result { MBGL_CHECK_ERROR(glCreateShader(static_cast<GLenum>(type))), { this } };
 
-    const GLchar* sources = source.data();
-    const auto lengths = static_cast<GLsizei>(source.length());
-    MBGL_CHECK_ERROR(glShaderSource(result, 1, &sources, &lengths));
+    MBGL_CHECK_ERROR(glShaderSource(result, static_cast<GLsizei>(sources.size()), sources.begin(), nullptr));
     MBGL_CHECK_ERROR(glCompileShader(result));
 
     GLint status = 0;
diff --git a/src/mbgl/gl/context.hpp b/src/mbgl/gl/context.hpp
index 754b29c03e..8a67213628 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/gl/context.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/gl/context.hpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public:
 
     void enableDebugging();
 
-    UniqueShader createShader(ShaderType type, const std::string& source);
+    UniqueShader createShader(ShaderType type, const std::initializer_list<const char*>& sources);
     UniqueProgram createProgram(ShaderID vertexShader, ShaderID fragmentShader);
     UniqueProgram createProgram(BinaryProgramFormat binaryFormat, const std::string& binaryProgram);
     void verifyProgramLinkage(ProgramID);
diff --git a/src/mbgl/gl/program.hpp b/src/mbgl/gl/program.hpp
index 9028ffdf53..1cec7671a1 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/gl/program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/gl/program.hpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <mbgl/util/logging.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp>
 
 #include <string>
@@ -31,93 +32,128 @@ public:
     using AttributeList = typename Name::AttributeList;
     using UniformList = typename Name::UniformList;
     using TextureList = typename Name::TextureList;
-  
-    Program(Context& context, const std::string& vertexSource, const std::string& fragmentSource)
-        : program(
-              context.createProgram(context.createShader(ShaderType::Vertex, vertexSource),
-                                    context.createShader(ShaderType::Fragment, fragmentSource))),
-          attributeLocations(context, program) {
-        // Re-link program after manually binding only active attributes in Attributes::queryLocations
-        context.linkProgram(program);
-
-        // We have to re-initialize the uniforms state from the bindings as the uniform locations
-        // get shifted on some implementations
-        uniformStates.queryLocations(program);
-
-        // Texture units are specified via uniforms as well, so we need query their locations
-        textureStates.queryLocations(program);
-    }
 
-    template <class BinaryProgram>
-    Program(Context& context, const BinaryProgram& binaryProgram)
-        : program(context.createProgram(binaryProgram.format(), binaryProgram.code())),
-          attributeLocations(binaryProgram) {
-        uniformStates.loadNamedLocations(binaryProgram);
-        textureStates.loadNamedLocations(binaryProgram);
+    Program(ProgramParameters programParameters_)
+        : programParameters(std::move(programParameters_)) {
     }
 
-    static std::unique_ptr<Program> createProgram(gl::Context& context,
-                                                  const ProgramParameters& programParameters,
-                                                  const char* name,
-                                                  const char* vertexSource_,
-                                                  const char* fragmentSource_) {
-        const std::string vertexSource = programs::gl::vertexSource(programParameters, vertexSource_);
-        const std::string fragmentSource = programs::gl::fragmentSource(programParameters, fragmentSource_);
+    const ProgramParameters programParameters;
+
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = programs::gl::ShaderSource<Name>::vertexOffset;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = programs::gl::ShaderSource<Name>::fragmentOffset;
+
+    class Instance {
+    public:
+        Instance(Context& context,
+                 const std::initializer_list<const char*>& vertexSource,
+                 const std::initializer_list<const char*>& fragmentSource)
+            : program(context.createProgram(
+                  context.createShader(ShaderType::Vertex, vertexSource),
+                  context.createShader(ShaderType::Fragment, fragmentSource))),
+              attributeLocations(context, program) {
+            // Re-link program after manually binding only active attributes in Attributes::queryLocations
+            context.linkProgram(program);
+
+            // We have to re-initialize the uniforms state from the bindings as the uniform locations
+            // get shifted on some implementations
+            uniformStates.queryLocations(program);
+
+            // Texture units are specified via uniforms as well, so we need query their locations
+            textureStates.queryLocations(program);
+        }
+
+        template <class BinaryProgram>
+        Instance(Context& context, const BinaryProgram& binaryProgram)
+            : program(context.createProgram(binaryProgram.format(), binaryProgram.code())),
+              attributeLocations(binaryProgram) {
+            uniformStates.loadNamedLocations(binaryProgram);
+            textureStates.loadNamedLocations(binaryProgram);
+        }
+
+        static std::unique_ptr<Instance>
+        createInstance(gl::Context& context,
+                       const ProgramParameters& programParameters,
+                       const std::string& additionalDefines) {
+
+            
 
 #if MBGL_HAS_BINARY_PROGRAMS
-        optional<std::string> cachePath = programParameters.cachePath(name);
-        if (cachePath && context.supportsProgramBinaries()) {
-            const std::string identifier = programs::gl::programIdentifier(vertexSource, fragmentSource);
-
-            try {
-                if (auto cachedBinaryProgram = util::readFile(*cachePath)) {
-                    const BinaryProgram binaryProgram(std::move(*cachedBinaryProgram));
-                    if (binaryProgram.identifier() == identifier) {
-                        return std::make_unique<Program>(context, binaryProgram);
-                    } else {
-                        Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL,
-                                     "Cached program %s changed. Recompilation required.",
-                                     name);
+            optional<std::string> cachePath =
+                programParameters.cachePath(programs::gl::ShaderSource<Name>::name);
+            std::string programIdentifier;
+            if (cachePath && context.supportsProgramBinaries()) {
+                programIdentifier = programs::gl::programIdentifier(
+                    programParameters.getDefines(), additionalDefines, programs::gl::preludeHash,
+                    programs::gl::ShaderSource<Name>::hash);
+
+                try {
+                    if (auto cachedBinaryProgram = util::readFile(*cachePath)) {
+                        const BinaryProgram binaryProgram(std::move(*cachedBinaryProgram));
+                        if (binaryProgram.identifier() == programIdentifier) {
+                            return std::make_unique<Instance>(context, binaryProgram);
+                        } else {
+                            Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL,
+                                         "Cached program %s changed. Recompilation required.",
+                                         programs::gl::ShaderSource<Name>::name);
+                        }
                     }
+                } catch (std::runtime_error& error) {
+                    Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Could not load cached program: %s",
+                                 error.what());
                 }
-            } catch (std::runtime_error& error) {
-                Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Could not load cached program: %s",
-                             error.what());
             }
+#endif
 
             // Compile the shader
-            auto result = std::make_unique<Program>(context, vertexSource, fragmentSource);
+            const std::initializer_list<const char*> vertexSource = {
+                programParameters.getDefines().c_str(),
+                additionalDefines.c_str(),
+                (programs::gl::shaderSource() + programs::gl::vertexPreludeOffset),
+                (programs::gl::shaderSource() + vertexOffset)
+            };
+            const std::initializer_list<const char*> fragmentSource = {
+                programParameters.getDefines().c_str(),
+                additionalDefines.c_str(),
+                (programs::gl::shaderSource() + programs::gl::fragmentPreludeOffset),
+                (programs::gl::shaderSource() + fragmentOffset)
+            };
+            auto result = std::make_unique<Instance>(context, vertexSource, fragmentSource);
 
-            try {
-                if (const auto binaryProgram =
-                        result->template get<BinaryProgram>(context, identifier)) {
-                    util::write_file(*cachePath, binaryProgram->serialize());
-                    Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Caching program in: %s", (*cachePath).c_str());
+#if MBGL_HAS_BINARY_PROGRAMS
+            if (cachePath && context.supportsProgramBinaries()) {
+                try {
+                    if (const auto binaryProgram =
+                            result->template get<BinaryProgram>(context, programIdentifier)) {
+                        util::write_file(*cachePath, binaryProgram->serialize());
+                        Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Caching program in: %s", (*cachePath).c_str());
+                    }
+                } catch (std::runtime_error& error) {
+                    Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Failed to cache program: %s", error.what());
                 }
-            } catch (std::runtime_error& error) {
-                Log::Warning(Event::OpenGL, "Failed to cache program: %s", error.what());
             }
-
+#endif
+ 
             return std::move(result);
         }
-#endif
 
-        (void)name;
-        return std::make_unique<Program>(context, vertexSource, fragmentSource);
-    }
-
-    template <class BinaryProgram>
-    optional<BinaryProgram> get(Context& context, const std::string& identifier) const {
-        if (auto binaryProgram = context.getBinaryProgram(program)) {
-            return BinaryProgram{ binaryProgram->first,
-                                  std::move(binaryProgram->second),
-                                  identifier,
-                                  attributeLocations.getNamedLocations(),
-                                  uniformStates.getNamedLocations(),
-                                  textureStates.getNamedLocations() };
+        template <class BinaryProgram>
+        optional<BinaryProgram> get(Context& context, const std::string& identifier) const {
+            if (auto binaryProgram = context.getBinaryProgram(program)) {
+                return BinaryProgram{ binaryProgram->first,
+                                      std::move(binaryProgram->second),
+                                      identifier,
+                                      attributeLocations.getNamedLocations(),
+                                      uniformStates.getNamedLocations(),
+                                      textureStates.getNamedLocations() };
+            }
+            return {};
         }
-        return {};
-    }
+
+        UniqueProgram program;
+        gl::AttributeLocations<AttributeList> attributeLocations;
+        gl::UniformStates<UniformList> uniformStates;
+        gl::TextureStates<TextureList> textureStates;
+    };
 
     void draw(gfx::Context& genericContext,
               const gfx::DrawMode& drawMode,
@@ -139,16 +175,29 @@ public:
         context.setColorMode(colorMode);
         context.setCullFaceMode(cullFaceMode);
 
-        context.program = program;
+        const uint32_t key = gl::AttributeKey<AttributeList>::compute(attributeBindings);
+        auto it = instances.find(key);
+        if (it == instances.end()) {
+            it = instances
+                     .emplace(key,
+                              Instance::createInstance(
+                                  context,
+                                  programParameters,
+                                  gl::AttributeKey<AttributeList>::defines(attributeBindings)))
+                     .first;
+        }
 
-        uniformStates.bind(uniformValues);
+        auto& instance = *it->second;
+        context.program = instance.program;
 
-        textureStates.bind(context, textureBindings);
+        instance.uniformStates.bind(uniformValues);
+
+        instance.textureStates.bind(context, textureBindings);
 
         auto& vertexArray = reinterpret_cast<gl::DrawScopeResource&>(*drawScope.resource).vertexArray;
         vertexArray.bind(context,
                         indexBuffer,
-                        attributeLocations.toBindingArray(attributeBindings));
+                        instance.attributeLocations.toBindingArray(attributeBindings));
 
         context.draw(drawMode,
                      indexOffset,
@@ -156,11 +205,7 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
-    UniqueProgram program;
-
-    gl::AttributeLocations<AttributeList> attributeLocations;
-    gl::UniformStates<UniformList> uniformStates;
-    gl::TextureStates<TextureList> textureStates;
+    std::map<uint32_t, std::unique_ptr<Instance>> instances;
 };
 
 } // namespace gl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/circle_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/circle_program.hpp
index b108a43da3..2b218d1768 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/circle_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/circle_program.hpp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class CircleLayerPrograms final : public LayerTypePrograms  {
 public:
     CircleLayerPrograms(gfx::Context& context, const ProgramParameters& programParameters)
         : circle(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<CircleProgram> circle;
+    CircleProgram circle;
 };
 
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_program.hpp
index ca696230b4..85e2ff3caf 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_program.hpp
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ public:
         : fillExtrusion(context, programParameters),
           fillExtrusionPattern(context, programParameters),
           extrusionTexture(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<FillExtrusionProgram> fillExtrusion;
-    ProgramMap<FillExtrusionPatternProgram> fillExtrusionPattern;
+    FillExtrusionProgram fillExtrusion;
+    FillExtrusionPatternProgram fillExtrusionPattern;
     ExtrusionTextureProgram extrusionTexture;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/fill_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/fill_program.hpp
index 4684a84f54..99314c51b0 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/fill_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/fill_program.hpp
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ public:
           fillPattern(context, programParameters),
           fillOutline(context, programParameters),
           fillOutlinePattern(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<FillProgram> fill;
-    ProgramMap<FillPatternProgram> fillPattern;
-    ProgramMap<FillOutlineProgram> fillOutline;
-    ProgramMap<FillOutlinePatternProgram> fillOutlinePattern;
+    FillProgram fill;
+    FillPatternProgram fillPattern;
+    FillOutlineProgram fillOutline;
+    FillOutlinePatternProgram fillOutlinePattern;
 };
 
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background.cpp
index da5ea25410..78074d670f 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/background_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<BackgroundProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "background";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x2d, 0xef, 0x97, 0xa2, 0xec, 0xb5, 0x67, 0xef };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 1429;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 1525;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<BackgroundProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<BackgroundProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<BackgroundProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<BackgroundProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "background",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 1429, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 1525);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<BackgroundProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background_pattern.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background_pattern.cpp
index af5d87129e..04111c7abd 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background_pattern.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/background_pattern.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/background_pattern_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<BackgroundPatternProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "background_pattern";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x70, 0x13, 0xc8, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x18, 0xf5, 0x19 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 1675;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 2266;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<BackgroundPatternProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<BackgroundPatternProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<BackgroundPatternProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<BackgroundPatternProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "background_pattern",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 1675, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 2266);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<BackgroundPatternProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/circle.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/circle.cpp
index ae2b65c20f..d1f1e29d33 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/circle.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/circle.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/circle_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<CircleProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "circle";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xf0, 0x3e, 0x18, 0xb7, 0x75, 0xb2, 0xde, 0xa9 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 2927;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 6093;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<CircleProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<CircleProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<CircleProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<CircleProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "circle",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 2927, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 6093);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<CircleProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/clipping_mask.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/clipping_mask.cpp
index 311877f065..3179ab0c13 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/clipping_mask.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/clipping_mask.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/clipping_mask_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<ClippingMaskProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "clipping_mask";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x3e, 0x17, 0xc2, 0x3a, 0x1f, 0xf0, 0xa8, 0xa3 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 7848;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 7944;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<ClippingMaskProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<ClippingMaskProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<ClippingMaskProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<ClippingMaskProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "clipping_mask",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 7848, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 7944);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<ClippingMaskProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_box.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_box.cpp
index 9af67f7981..f7ac4d4d67 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_box.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_box.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/collision_box_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<CollisionBoxProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "collision_box";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xcb, 0x6a, 0x9b, 0xd1, 0x1f, 0x31, 0xf8, 0x5b };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 9956;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 10635;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<CollisionBoxProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<CollisionBoxProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<CollisionBoxProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<CollisionBoxProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "collision_box",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 9956, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 10635);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<CollisionBoxProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_circle.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_circle.cpp
index 843f9161bb..8f1b5726fe 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_circle.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/collision_circle.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/collision_circle_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<CollisionCircleProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "collision_circle";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x99, 0x2e, 0xad, 0x8c, 0xd3, 0x88, 0xae, 0x82 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 10858;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 11774;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<CollisionCircleProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<CollisionCircleProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<CollisionCircleProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<CollisionCircleProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "collision_circle",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 10858, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 11774);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<CollisionCircleProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/debug.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/debug.cpp
index 8b7aee5a0b..ad23f420ab 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/debug.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/debug.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/debug_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<DebugProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "debug";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xa8, 0x7d, 0x87, 0x6e, 0x36, 0xa8, 0x81, 0xe3 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 12450;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 12546;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<DebugProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<DebugProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<DebugProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<DebugProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "debug",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 12450, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 12546);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<DebugProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/extrusion_texture.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/extrusion_texture.cpp
index bd320d52cf..bca533a788 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/extrusion_texture.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/extrusion_texture.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/extrusion_texture_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<ExtrusionTextureProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "extrusion_texture";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xd9, 0x77, 0x11, 0xd2, 0x03, 0xc7, 0x27, 0xcb };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 27554;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 27734;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<ExtrusionTextureProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<ExtrusionTextureProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<ExtrusionTextureProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<ExtrusionTextureProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "extrusion_texture",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 27554, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 27734);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<ExtrusionTextureProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill.cpp
index 44ab40949c..a699f82609 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x87, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7f, 0x0c, 0x9b, 0x97, 0x5d };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 12610;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 13254;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 12610, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 13254);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion.cpp
index bd26d7afde..83a8eadee6 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillExtrusionProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill_extrusion";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x49, 0x8a, 0xa2, 0x8b, 0x21, 0x74, 0x27, 0x93 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 21238;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 23121;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillExtrusionProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillExtrusionProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillExtrusionProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillExtrusionProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill_extrusion",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 21238, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 23121);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillExtrusionProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion_pattern.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion_pattern.cpp
index 94a663947a..45068d84b8 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion_pattern.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_extrusion_pattern.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_extrusion_pattern_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillExtrusionPatternProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill_extrusion_pattern";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x93, 0x2b, 0xd1, 0xab, 0xa3, 0xf2, 0x24, 0x63 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 23237;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 26157;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillExtrusionPatternProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillExtrusionPatternProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillExtrusionPatternProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillExtrusionPatternProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill_extrusion_pattern",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 23237, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 26157);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillExtrusionPatternProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline.cpp
index 6186db4c9a..e7644468a5 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_outline_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillOutlineProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill_outline";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x56, 0x65, 0x69, 0x4b, 0x70, 0x2d, 0x3d, 0xc4 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 13678;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 14503;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillOutlineProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillOutlineProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillOutlineProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillOutlineProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill_outline",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 13678, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 14503);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillOutlineProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline_pattern.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline_pattern.cpp
index 9989c4076a..40aa5ea2de 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline_pattern.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_outline_pattern.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_outline_pattern_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillOutlinePatternProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill_outline_pattern";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x56, 0x9c, 0x2f, 0x58, 0x6b, 0x31, 0xff, 0x84 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 15092;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 16952;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillOutlinePatternProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillOutlinePatternProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillOutlinePatternProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillOutlinePatternProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill_outline_pattern",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 15092, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 16952);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillOutlinePatternProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_pattern.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_pattern.cpp
index 10d6c6ab85..fd16d8bfc9 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_pattern.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/fill_pattern.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/fill_pattern_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<FillPatternProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "fill_pattern";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x74, 0xa9, 0x97, 0x01, 0x96, 0xbd, 0x87, 0x36 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 18259;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 20038;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<FillPatternProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<FillPatternProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<FillPatternProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<FillPatternProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "fill_pattern",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 18259, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 20038);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<FillPatternProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap.cpp
index 836fd52b07..3b960f1bda 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/heatmap_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<HeatmapProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "heatmap";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xab, 0x97, 0x81, 0x5c, 0xa2, 0x88, 0xaa, 0x7e };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 7983;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 9030;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<HeatmapProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<HeatmapProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<HeatmapProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<HeatmapProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "heatmap",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 7983, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 9030);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<HeatmapProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap_texture.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap_texture.cpp
index 530e9fa18b..57b033d55c 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap_texture.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/heatmap_texture.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/heatmap_texture_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<HeatmapTextureProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "heatmap_texture";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x9f, 0xc7, 0x56, 0xb2, 0x9e, 0x8f, 0x15, 0xff };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 9491;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 9671;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<HeatmapTextureProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<HeatmapTextureProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<HeatmapTextureProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<HeatmapTextureProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "heatmap_texture",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 9491, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 9671);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<HeatmapTextureProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade.cpp
index dcf90f1149..a33ddb4326 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/hillshade_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<HillshadeProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "hillshade";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x8a, 0x11, 0x29, 0x18, 0x52, 0x7f, 0x3b, 0xbb };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 29340;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 29511;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<HillshadeProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<HillshadeProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<HillshadeProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<HillshadeProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "hillshade",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 29340, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 29511);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<HillshadeProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade_prepare.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade_prepare.cpp
index b445713530..a302db5feb 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade_prepare.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/hillshade_prepare.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/hillshade_prepare_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<HillshadePrepareProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "hillshade_prepare";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xe6, 0x01, 0xf2, 0xbb, 0xa0, 0x77, 0x1d, 0xeb };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 27925;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 28218;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<HillshadePrepareProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<HillshadePrepareProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<HillshadePrepareProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<HillshadePrepareProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "hillshade_prepare",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 27925, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 28218);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<HillshadePrepareProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line.cpp
index 1f96b74a9c..e59cb07cb9 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/line_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<LineProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "line";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x44, 0x46, 0x9e, 0x59, 0x02, 0xbb, 0xaa, 0xae };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 30585;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 33509;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<LineProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<LineProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<LineProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<LineProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "line",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 30585, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 33509);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<LineProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_gradient.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_gradient.cpp
index 493fc850d1..f5325f84ba 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_gradient.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_gradient.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/line_gradient_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<LineGradientProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "line_gradient";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0xee, 0xdd, 0x10, 0x3d, 0x1a, 0x21, 0x26, 0x25 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 34335;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 37054;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<LineGradientProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<LineGradientProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<LineGradientProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<LineGradientProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "line_gradient",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 34335, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 37054);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<LineGradientProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_pattern.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_pattern.cpp
index 747b2bd197..e323b16785 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_pattern.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_pattern.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/line_pattern_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<LinePatternProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "line_pattern";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x73, 0xa0, 0x59, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa5, 0x60, 0x25 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 37841;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 41162;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<LinePatternProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<LinePatternProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<LinePatternProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<LinePatternProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "line_pattern",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 37841, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 41162);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<LinePatternProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_sdf.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_sdf.cpp
index 12fb5b61fd..a7b4e7e3b7 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_sdf.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/line_sdf.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/line_sdf_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<LineSDFProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "line_sdf";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x66, 0x20, 0x75, 0x4e, 0xbe, 0x02, 0x9e, 0x67 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 43475;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 47089;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<LineSDFProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<LineSDFProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<LineSDFProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<LineSDFProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "line_sdf",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 43475, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 47089);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<LineSDFProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 6c895c0d36..0000000000
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-// NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
-
-#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
-#include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
-
-namespace mbgl {
-namespace programs {
-namespace gl {
-
-const char* vertexShaderPrelude = programs::gl::shaderSource() + 0;
-const char* fragmentShaderPrelude = programs::gl::shaderSource() + 1252;
-
-} // namespace gl
-} // namespace programs
-} // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp
index 6d86ee45c5..e796f1655b 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp
@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <cstdint>
+
 namespace mbgl {
 namespace programs {
 namespace gl {
 
-extern const char* vertexShaderPrelude;
-extern const char* fragmentShaderPrelude;
+constexpr const uint8_t preludeHash[8] = { 0x24, 0x91, 0x82, 0x37, 0x02, 0xad, 0x98, 0x0a };
+constexpr const auto vertexPreludeOffset = 0;
+constexpr const auto fragmentPreludeOffset = 1252;
 
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace programs
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/raster.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/raster.cpp
index 512dc81a30..1867a48f1c 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/raster.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/raster.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/raster_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<RasterProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "raster";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x40, 0x3d, 0x6c, 0xf4, 0xd0, 0x41, 0x51, 0x0e };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 48592;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 48941;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<RasterProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<RasterProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<RasterProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<RasterProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "raster",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 48592, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 48941);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<RasterProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp
index f6de8a56cc..1a5fbddae3 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ namespace gl {
 
 const char* shaderSource();
 
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace programs
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.cpp
index 3cc33992de..6fb4d70db9 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.cpp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/util/string.hpp>
@@ -9,20 +10,17 @@ namespace mbgl {
 namespace programs {
 namespace gl {
 
-std::string fragmentSource(const ProgramParameters& parameters, const char* fragmentSource) {
-    return parameters.getDefines() + fragmentShaderPrelude + fragmentSource;
-}
-
-std::string vertexSource(const ProgramParameters& parameters, const char* vertexSource) {
-    return parameters.getDefines() + vertexShaderPrelude + vertexSource;
-}
-
-std::string programIdentifier(const std::string& vertexSource, const std::string& fragmentSource) {
+std::string programIdentifier(const std::string& defines1,
+                              const std::string& defines2,
+                              const uint8_t hash1[8],
+                              const uint8_t hash2[8]) {
     std::string result;
-    result.reserve((sizeof(size_t) * 2) * 2 + 2); // 2 size_t hex values + "v2"
-    result += util::toHex(std::hash<std::string>()(vertexSource));
-    result += util::toHex(std::hash<std::string>()(fragmentSource));
-    result += "v3";
+    result.reserve(8 + 8 + (sizeof(size_t) * 2) * 2 + 2);
+    result.append(util::toHex(std::hash<std::string>()(defines1)));
+    result.append(util::toHex(std::hash<std::string>()(defines2)));
+    result.append(hash1, hash2 + 8);
+    result.append(hash2, hash2 + 8);
+    result.append("v3");
     return result;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp
index 5278ea54da..46a87f4af8 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/shaders.hpp
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ class ProgramParameters;
 namespace programs {
 namespace gl {
 
-std::string fragmentSource(const ProgramParameters&, const char* fragmentSource);
-std::string vertexSource(const ProgramParameters&, const char* vertexSource);
-std::string programIdentifier(const std::string& vertexSource, const std::string& fragmentSource);
+std::string programIdentifier(const std::string& defines1,
+                              const std::string& defines2,
+                              const uint8_t hash1[8],
+                              const uint8_t hash2[8]);
 
 } // namespace gl
 } // namespace programs
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_icon.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_icon.cpp
index 1cf2090ba3..6cb2b88543 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_icon.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_icon.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/symbol_icon_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<SymbolIconProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "symbol_icon";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x96, 0x0c, 0xef, 0xec, 0x37, 0x23, 0xf9, 0xb1 };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 50000;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 52654;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<SymbolIconProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<SymbolIconProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<SymbolIconProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<SymbolIconProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "symbol_icon",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 50000, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 52654);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<SymbolIconProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_icon.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_icon.cpp
index ccb213bcfd..d98554099f 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_icon.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_icon.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/symbol_sdf_icon_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<SymbolSDFIconProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "symbol_sdf_icon";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x13, 0xfc, 0x05, 0x2a, 0xd1, 0x93, 0xfb, 0x7d };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 53059;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 57099;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<SymbolSDFIconProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<SymbolSDFIconProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<SymbolSDFIconProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<SymbolSDFIconProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "symbol_sdf_icon",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 53059, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 57099);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<SymbolSDFIconProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_text.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_text.cpp
index 0d08a64dee..81f3729d92 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_text.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/gl/symbol_sdf_text.cpp
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
 // NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE THIS FILE. IT IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED.
 
 #include <mbgl/programs/symbol_sdf_text_program.hpp>
+#include <mbgl/programs/gl/preludes.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/programs/gl/shader_source.hpp>
 #include <mbgl/gl/program.hpp>
 
 namespace mbgl {
+namespace programs {
+namespace gl {
+
+template <typename>
+struct ShaderSource;
+
+template <>
+struct ShaderSource<SymbolSDFTextProgram> {
+    static constexpr const char* name = "symbol_sdf_text";
+    static constexpr const uint8_t hash[8] = { 0x13, 0xfc, 0x05, 0x2a, 0xd1, 0x93, 0xfb, 0x7d };
+    static constexpr const auto vertexOffset = 53059;
+    static constexpr const auto fragmentOffset = 57099;
+};
+
+constexpr const char* ShaderSource<SymbolSDFTextProgram>::name;
+constexpr const uint8_t ShaderSource<SymbolSDFTextProgram>::hash[8];
+
+} // namespace gl
+} // namespace programs
+
 namespace gfx {
 
 template <>
 std::unique_ptr<Program<SymbolSDFTextProgram>>
 Context::createProgram<gl::Context>(const ProgramParameters& programParameters) {
-    return gl::Program<SymbolSDFTextProgram>::createProgram(
-        reinterpret_cast<gl::Context&>(*this), programParameters, "symbol_sdf_text",
-        programs::gl::shaderSource() + 53059, programs::gl::shaderSource() + 57099);
+    return std::make_unique<gl::Program<SymbolSDFTextProgram>>(programParameters);
 }
 
 } // namespace gfx
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/heatmap_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/heatmap_program.hpp
index 89ba655105..537a9e9565 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/heatmap_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/heatmap_program.hpp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public:
     HeatmapLayerPrograms(gfx::Context& context, const ProgramParameters& programParameters) 
         : heatmap(context, programParameters),
           heatmapTexture(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<HeatmapProgram> heatmap;
+    HeatmapProgram heatmap;
     HeatmapTextureProgram heatmapTexture;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/line_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/line_program.hpp
index 9ec01bd3ac..26f630a5eb 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/line_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/line_program.hpp
@@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ public:
           lineGradient(context, programParameters),
           lineSDF(context, programParameters),
           linePattern(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<LineProgram> line;
-    ProgramMap<LineGradientProgram> lineGradient;
-    ProgramMap<LineSDFProgram> lineSDF;
-    ProgramMap<LinePatternProgram> linePattern;
+    LineProgram line;
+    LineGradientProgram lineGradient;
+    LineSDFProgram lineSDF;
+    LinePatternProgram linePattern;
 };
 
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/program.hpp
index 240da22b4f..e4d2af95f8 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/program.hpp
@@ -109,36 +109,6 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-template <class Program>
-class ProgramMap {
-public:
-    using PaintProperties = typename Program::PaintProperties;
-    using Binders = typename Program::Binders;
-    using Bitset = typename Binders::Bitset;
-
-    ProgramMap(gfx::Context& context_, ProgramParameters parameters_)
-        : context(context_),
-          parameters(std::move(parameters_)) {
-    }
-
-    Program& get(const typename PaintProperties::PossiblyEvaluated& currentProperties) {
-        Bitset bits = Binders::constants(currentProperties);
-        auto it = programs.find(bits);
-        if (it != programs.end()) {
-            return it->second;
-        }
-        return programs.emplace(std::piecewise_construct,
-                                std::forward_as_tuple(bits),
-                                std::forward_as_tuple(context,
-                                    parameters.withAdditionalDefines(Binders::defines(currentProperties)))).first->second;
-    }
-
-private:
-    gfx::Context& context;
-    ProgramParameters parameters;
-    std::unordered_map<Bitset, Program> programs;
-};
-
 class LayerTypePrograms {
 public:
     virtual ~LayerTypePrograms() = default;
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.cpp b/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.cpp
index 6b6c2bb2fe..e692b74e0e 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.cpp
@@ -40,13 +40,4 @@ optional<std::string> ProgramParameters::cachePath(const char* name) const {
     }
 }
 
-ProgramParameters ProgramParameters::withAdditionalDefines(const std::vector<std::string>& additionalDefines) const {
-    ProgramParameters result(*this);
-    for (const auto& define : additionalDefines) {
-        result.defines += define;
-        result.defines += "\n";
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
 } // namespace mbgl
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp
index e94e61c217..71ad454399 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/program_parameters.hpp
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include <mbgl/util/optional.hpp>
 
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace mbgl {
 
@@ -14,8 +13,6 @@ public:
     const std::string& getDefines() const;
     optional<std::string> cachePath(const char* name) const;
 
-    ProgramParameters withAdditionalDefines(const std::vector<std::string>& defines) const;
-
 private:
     std::string defines;
     optional<std::string> cacheDir;
diff --git a/src/mbgl/programs/symbol_program.hpp b/src/mbgl/programs/symbol_program.hpp
index 66e53647ef..9c00caef84 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/programs/symbol_program.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/programs/symbol_program.hpp
@@ -468,9 +468,9 @@ public:
           symbolGlyph(context, programParameters),
           collisionBox(context, programParameters),
           collisionCircle(context, programParameters) {}
-    ProgramMap<SymbolIconProgram> symbolIcon;
-    ProgramMap<SymbolSDFIconProgram> symbolIconSDF;
-    ProgramMap<SymbolSDFTextProgram> symbolGlyph;
+    SymbolIconProgram symbolIcon;
+    SymbolSDFIconProgram symbolIconSDF;
+    SymbolSDFTextProgram symbolGlyph;
     CollisionBoxProgram collisionBox;
     CollisionCircleProgram collisionCircle;
 };
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_circle_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_circle_layer.cpp
index 9b463e6a6f..1c13a6152b 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_circle_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_circle_layer.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ void RenderCircleLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
 
         const auto& paintPropertyBinders = bucket.paintPropertyBinders.at(getID());
 
-        auto& programInstance = parameters.programs.getCircleLayerPrograms().circle.get(evaluated);
+        auto& programInstance = parameters.programs.getCircleLayerPrograms().circle;
    
         const auto allUniformValues = programInstance.computeAllUniformValues(
             CircleProgram::LayoutUniformValues {
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_extrusion_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_extrusion_layer.cpp
index 0d0c9034e1..13ef84f169 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_extrusion_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_extrusion_layer.cpp
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ void RenderFillExtrusionLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*
                 FillExtrusionBucket& bucket = *bucket_;
 
                 draw(
-                    parameters.programs.getFillExtrusionLayerPrograms().fillExtrusion.get(evaluated),
+                    parameters.programs.getFillExtrusionLayerPrograms().fillExtrusion,
                     bucket,
                     FillExtrusionProgram::layoutUniformValues(
                         tile.translatedClipMatrix(evaluated.get<FillExtrusionTranslate>(),
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void RenderFillExtrusionLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*
                 FillExtrusionBucket& bucket = *bucket_;
 
                 draw(
-                    parameters.programs.getFillExtrusionLayerPrograms().fillExtrusionPattern.get(evaluated),
+                    parameters.programs.getFillExtrusionLayerPrograms().fillExtrusionPattern,
                     bucket,
                     FillExtrusionPatternProgram::layoutUniformValues(
                         tile.translatedClipMatrix(evaluated.get<FillExtrusionTranslate>(),
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_layer.cpp
index 2c6f1127f2..205a38e380 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_fill_layer.cpp
@@ -74,14 +74,12 @@ void RenderFillLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
             }
             FillBucket& bucket = *bucket_;
 
-            auto draw = [&] (auto& program,
+            auto draw = [&] (auto& programInstance,
                              const auto& drawMode,
                              const auto& depthMode,
                              const auto& indexBuffer,
                              const auto& segments,
                              auto&& textureBindings) {
-                auto& programInstance = program.get(evaluated);
-
                 const auto& paintPropertyBinders = bucket.paintPropertyBinders.at(getID());
 
                 const auto allUniformValues = programInstance.computeAllUniformValues(
@@ -162,14 +160,12 @@ void RenderFillLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
             }
             FillBucket& bucket = *bucket_;
 
-            auto draw = [&] (auto& program,
+            auto draw = [&] (auto& programInstance,
                              const auto& drawMode,
                              const auto& depthMode,
                              const auto& indexBuffer,
                              const auto& segments,
                              auto&& textureBindings) {
-                auto& programInstance = program.get(evaluated);
-
                 const auto& paintPropertyBinders = bucket.paintPropertyBinders.at(getID());
                 paintPropertyBinders.setPatternParameters(patternPosA, patternPosB, crossfade);
 
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_heatmap_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_heatmap_layer.cpp
index a8d25df818..f8ba68965e 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_heatmap_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_heatmap_layer.cpp
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ void RenderHeatmapLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
 
             const auto& paintPropertyBinders = bucket.paintPropertyBinders.at(getID());
 
-            auto& programInstance = parameters.programs.getHeatmapLayerPrograms().heatmap.get(evaluated);
+            auto& programInstance = parameters.programs.getHeatmapLayerPrograms().heatmap;
        
             const auto allUniformValues = programInstance.computeAllUniformValues(
                 HeatmapProgram::LayoutUniformValues {
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_line_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_line_layer.cpp
index 60c487c205..a023bc6254 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_line_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_line_layer.cpp
@@ -65,11 +65,10 @@ void RenderLineLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
         }
         LineBucket& bucket = *bucket_;
 
-        auto draw = [&](auto& program, auto&& uniformValues,
+        auto draw = [&](auto& programInstance,
+                        auto&& uniformValues,
                         const optional<ImagePosition>& patternPositionA,
                         const optional<ImagePosition>& patternPositionB, auto&& textureBindings) {
-            auto& programInstance = program.get(evaluated);
-
             const auto& paintPropertyBinders = bucket.paintPropertyBinders.at(getID());
 
             paintPropertyBinders.setPatternParameters(patternPositionA, patternPositionB, crossfade);
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_symbol_layer.cpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_symbol_layer.cpp
index 5fbc81663c..72c641e95a 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_symbol_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/layers/render_symbol_layer.cpp
@@ -88,17 +88,14 @@ void RenderSymbolLayer::render(PaintParameters& parameters, RenderSource*) {
         const auto& evaluated_ = bucketPaintProperties.evaluated;
         const auto& layout = bucket.layout;
 
-        auto draw = [&] (auto& program,
+        auto draw = [&] (auto& programInstance,
                          auto&& uniformValues,
                          const auto& buffers,
                          const auto& symbolSizeBinder,
                          const SymbolPropertyValues& values_,
                          const auto& binders,
                          const auto& paintProperties,
-                         auto&& textureBindings)
-        {
-            auto& programInstance = program.get(paintProperties);
-
+                         auto&& textureBindings) {
             const auto allUniformValues = programInstance.computeAllUniformValues(
                 std::move(uniformValues),
                 *symbolSizeBinder,
diff --git a/src/mbgl/renderer/paint_property_binder.hpp b/src/mbgl/renderer/paint_property_binder.hpp
index d233e6f2e0..60866832c6 100644
--- a/src/mbgl/renderer/paint_property_binder.hpp
+++ b/src/mbgl/renderer/paint_property_binder.hpp
@@ -545,33 +545,6 @@ public:
         return result;
     }
 
-    template <class>
-    struct UniformDefines;
-
-    template <class... Us>
-    struct UniformDefines<TypeList<Us...>> {
-        static constexpr auto define() {
-            return "#define HAS_UNIFORM_u_";
-        }
-
-        static void appendDefines(std::vector<std::string>& defines) {
-            util::ignore({
-                (defines.push_back(concat_literals<&define, &Us::name, &string_literal<'\n'>::value>::value()), 0)...
-            });
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <class EvaluatedProperties>
-    static std::vector<std::string> defines(const EvaluatedProperties& currentProperties) {
-        std::vector<std::string> result;
-        util::ignore({
-            (currentProperties.template get<Ps>().isConstant()
-                ? UniformDefines<typename Ps::UniformList>::appendDefines(result)
-                : (void) 0, 0)...
-        });
-        return result;
-    }
-
 private:
     Binders binders;
 };