Import 2013b release

16 files changed, 423 insertions, 106 deletions

diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/Makefile b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/Makefile
index d76a81e..3b6ad02 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/Makefile
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/Makefile
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@
 PACKAGE=	tzcode
 
 # Version numbers of the code and data distributions.
-VERSION=	2012j
+VERSION=	2013b
+
+# Email address for bug reports.
+BUGEMAIL=	tz@iana.org
 
 # Change the line below for your time zone (after finding the zone you want in
 # the time zone files, or adding it to a time zone file).
@@ -243,9 +246,10 @@ AWK=		awk
 KSHELL=		/bin/bash
 
 # The path where SGML DTDs are kept.
-# The default is appropriate for Ubuntu.
+# The default is appropriate for Ubuntu 12.10.
 SGML_TOPDIR= /usr
-SGML_SEARCH_PATH= $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/xml/xhtml/schema/dtd/REC-html401-19991224
+SGML_DTDDIR= $(SGML_TOPDIR)/share/xml/w3c-sgml-lib/schema/dtd
+SGML_SEARCH_PATH= $(SGML_DTDDIR)/REC-html401-19991224
 
 # The catalog file(s) to use when validating.
 SGML_CATALOG_FILES= HTML4.cat
@@ -261,6 +265,17 @@ VALIDATE_ENV = \
   SP_CHARSET_FIXED=YES \
   SP_ENCODING=UTF-8
 
+# INVALID_CHAR is a regular expression that matches invalid characters in
+# distributed files.  For now, stick to a safe subset of ASCII.
+# The caller must set the shell variable 'sharp' to the character '#',
+# since Makefile macros cannot contain '#'.
+# TAB_CHAR is a single tab character, in single quotes.
+TAB_CHAR=	'	'
+INVALID_CHAR1=	$(TAB_CHAR)' !\"'$$sharp'$$%&'\''()*+,./0123456789:;<=>?@'
+INVALID_CHAR2=	'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\^_`'
+INVALID_CHAR3=	'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~'
+INVALID_CHAR=	'[^]'$(INVALID_CHAR1)$(INVALID_CHAR2)$(INVALID_CHAR3)'-]'
+
 # Flags to give 'tar' when making a distribution.
 # Try to use flags appropriate for GNU tar.
 GNUTARFLAGS=	--numeric-owner --owner=0 --group=0 --mode=go+u,go-w
@@ -344,7 +359,8 @@ INSTALL:	ALL install date.1
 
 version.h:
 		(echo 'static char const PKGVERSION[]="($(PACKAGE)) ";' && \
-		 echo 'static char const TZVERSION[]="$(VERSION)";') >$@
+		 echo 'static char const TZVERSION[]="$(VERSION)";' && \
+		 echo 'static char const REPORT_BUGS_TO[]="$(BUGEMAIL)";') >$@
 
 zdump:		$(TZDOBJS)
 		$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(TZDOBJS) $(LDLIBS)
@@ -396,12 +412,16 @@ tzselect:	tzselect.ksh
 			-e 's|#!/bin/bash|#!$(KSHELL)|g' \
 			-e 's|AWK=[^}]*|AWK=$(AWK)|g' \
 			-e 's|\(PKGVERSION\)=.*|\1='\''($(PACKAGE)) '\''|' \
+			-e 's|\(REPORT_BUGS_TO\)=.*|\1=$(BUGEMAIL)|' \
 			-e 's|TZDIR=[^}]*|TZDIR=$(TZDIR)|' \
 			-e 's|\(TZVERSION\)=.*|\1=$(VERSION)|' \
 			<$? >$@
 		chmod +x $@
 
-check:		check_tables check_web
+check:		check_character_set check_tables check_web
+
+check_character_set: $(ENCHILADA)
+		sharp='#'; ! grep -n $(INVALID_CHAR) $(ENCHILADA)
 
 check_tables:	checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA)
 		$(AWK) -f checktab.awk $(PRIMARY_YDATA)
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/africa b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/africa
index 54c7a1e..5f4f8eb 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/africa
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/africa
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 #
 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
 # I found in the UCLA library.
 #
+# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
+# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
@@ -116,8 +120,12 @@ Zone Africa/Porto-Novo	0:10:28	-	LMT	1912
 			1:00	-	WAT
 
 # Botswana
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899;
+# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Africa/Gaborone	1:43:40 -	LMT	1885
+			1:30	-	SAST	1903 Mar
 			2:00	-	CAT	1943 Sep 19 2:00
 			2:00	1:00	CAST	1944 Mar 19 2:00
 			2:00	-	CAT
@@ -189,6 +197,11 @@ Zone	Africa/Djibouti	2:52:36 -	LMT	1911 Jul
 
 # Egypt
 
+# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh
+# observatory; round to nearest.  Milne also says that the official time for
+# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this
+# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Jul	15	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Egypt	1940	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
@@ -329,7 +342,7 @@ Rule	Egypt	2010	only	-	Sep	10	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Egypt	2010	only	-	Sep	lastThu	23:00s	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:00 -	LMT	1900 Oct
+Zone	Africa/Cairo	2:05:09 -	LMT	1900 Oct
 			2:00	Egypt	EE%sT
 
 # Equatorial Guinea
@@ -833,6 +846,41 @@ Zone	Indian/Mayotte	3:00:56 -	LMT	1911 Jul	# Mamoutzou
 # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes
 # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06):
+# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be
+# announced a bit in advance.  On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government
+# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be
+# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see
+# <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>.
+#
+# To estimate what the Moroccan government will do in future years,
+# transition dates for 2013 through 2021 were determined by running
+# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3:
+#
+# (let ((islamic-year 1434))
+#   (while (< islamic-year 1444)
+#     (let ((a
+#	     (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
+#	      (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))))
+#	    (b
+#	     (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
+#	      (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))))
+#	(insert
+#	 (format
+#	  (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
+#		  "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
+#	  (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
+#	  (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
+#     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
+#
+# with the results hand-edited for 2020-2022, when the normal spring-forward
+# date falls during the estimated Ramadan.
+#
+# From 2023 through 2038 Ramadan is not predicted to overlap with
+# daylight saving time.  Starting in 2039 there will be overlap again,
+# but 32-bit time_t values roll around in 2038 so for now do not worry
+# about dates after 2038.
+
 # RULE	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 
 Rule	Morocco	1939	only	-	Sep	12	 0:00	1:00	S
@@ -858,10 +906,28 @@ Rule	Morocco	2010	only	-	May	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2010	only	-	Aug	 8	 0:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2011	only	-	Apr	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2011	only	-	Jul	 31	 0	0	-
-Rule	Morocco	2012	max	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2012	2019	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Morocco	2012	max	-	Sep	 lastSun 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2012	only	-	Jul	 20	 3:00	0	-
 Rule	Morocco	2012	only	-	Aug	 20	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2013	only	-	Jul	  9	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2013	only	-	Aug	  8	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2014	only	-	Jun	 29	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2014	only	-	Jul	 29	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2015	only	-	Jun	 18	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2015	only	-	Jul	 18	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2016	only	-	Jun	  7	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2016	only	-	Jul	  7	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2017	only	-	May	 27	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2017	only	-	Jun	 26	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2018	only	-	May	 16	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2018	only	-	Jun	 15	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2019	only	-	May	  6	 3:00	0	-
+Rule	Morocco	2019	only	-	Jun	  5	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2020	only	-	May	 24	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2021	only	-	May	 13	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2022	only	-	May	  3	 2:00	1:00	S
+Rule	Morocco	2023	max	-	Apr	 lastSun 2:00	1:00	S
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone Africa/Casablanca	-0:30:20 -	LMT	1913 Oct 26
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/antarctica b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/antarctica
index f55cbde..d55924b 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/antarctica
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/antarctica
@@ -50,10 +50,8 @@ Rule	ChileAQ	2009	only	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	ChileAQ	2010	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	ChileAQ	2011	only	-	May	Sun>=2	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	ChileAQ	2011	only	-	Aug	Sun>=16	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	ChileAQ	2012	only	-	Apr	Sun>=23	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	ChileAQ	2012	only	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	ChileAQ	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	ChileAQ	2013	max	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	ChileAQ	2012	max	-	Apr	Sun>=23	3:00u	0	-
+Rule	ChileAQ	2012	max	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	S
 
 # These rules are stolen from the `australasia' file.
 Rule	AusAQ	1917	only	-	Jan	 1	0:01	1:00	-
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/asia b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/asia
index d5562c8..1f09fa3 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/asia
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/asia
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 #
 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
 # I found in the UCLA library.
 #
+# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
+# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
@@ -279,9 +283,12 @@ Zone	Asia/Brunei	7:39:40 -	LMT	1926 Mar   # Bandar Seri Begawan
 			8:00	-	BNT
 
 # Burma / Myanmar
+
+# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone	Asia/Rangoon	6:24:40 -	LMT	1880		# or Yangon
-			6:24:36	-	RMT	1920	   # Rangoon Mean Time?
+			6:24:40	-	RMT	1920	   # Rangoon Mean Time?
 			6:30	-	BURT	1942 May   # Burma Time
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 May 3
 			6:30	-	MMT		   # Myanmar Time
@@ -384,7 +391,8 @@ Zone	Asia/Harbin	8:26:44	-	LMT	1928 # or Haerbin
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
 # most of China
-Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:52	-	LMT	1928
+# Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest.
+Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:57	-	LMT	1928
 			8:00	Shang	C%sT	1949
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
@@ -481,6 +489,10 @@ Zone	Asia/Kashgar	5:03:56	-	LMT	1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
 			8:00	PRC	C%sT
 
 
+# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
+
+# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
+
 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
@@ -547,7 +559,6 @@ Zone	Asia/Kashgar	5:03:56	-	LMT	1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15.
 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times.
 
-# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	HK	1941	only	-	Apr	1	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1941	only	-	Sep	30	3:30	0	-
@@ -569,7 +580,7 @@ Rule	HK	1973	only	-	Dec	30	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	May	Sun>=8	3:30	1:00	S
 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	Oct	Sun>=16	3:30	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:36 -	LMT	1904 Oct 30
+Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:42 -	LMT	1904 Oct 30
 			8:00	HK	HK%sT	1941 Dec 25
 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 15
 			8:00	HK	HK%sT
@@ -646,6 +657,9 @@ Zone	Asia/Macau	7:34:20 -	LMT	1912
 ###############################################################################
 
 # Cyprus
+#
+# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00.  Stick with LMT.
+#
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Apr	13	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Oct	12	0:00	0	-
@@ -1804,8 +1818,11 @@ Zone	Asia/Kathmandu	5:41:16 -	LMT	1920
 			5:45	-	NPT	# Nepal Time
 
 # Oman
+
+# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Muscat	3:54:20 -	LMT	1920
+Zone	Asia/Muscat	3:54:24 -	LMT	1920
 			4:00	-	GST
 
 # Pakistan
@@ -2400,6 +2417,13 @@ Zone	Asia/Singapore	6:55:25 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
 # no information
 
 # Sri Lanka
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898.  Prior to this Colombo
+# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used."  But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably
+# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
+# Shanks and Pottenger.
+
 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
@@ -2699,6 +2723,12 @@ Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 
 # Vietnam
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being
+# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam.  But this is quite a ways
+# from Saigon's location.  For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
+# and Pottenger.
+
 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City";
 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
@@ -2712,6 +2742,10 @@ Zone	Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	7:06:40 -	LMT	1906 Jun  9
 			7:00	-	ICT
 
 # Yemen
+
+# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
+# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Asia/Aden	3:00:48	-	LMT	1950
+Zone	Asia/Aden	2:59:54	-	LMT	1950
 			3:00	-	AST
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/australasia b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/australasia
index bef6f20..58df73d 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/australasia
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/australasia
@@ -246,6 +246,9 @@ Zone	Indian/Cocos	6:27:40	-	LMT	1900
 			6:30	-	CCT	# Cocos Islands Time
 
 # Fiji
+
+# Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva.
+
 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10):
 # According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation,  Fiji plans to re-introduce DST
 # from November 29th 2009  to April 25th 2010.
@@ -339,7 +342,7 @@ Rule	Fiji	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=18	2:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Fiji	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=1	3:00	0	-
 Rule	Fiji	2012	max	-	Jan	Sun>=18	3:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Pacific/Fiji	11:53:40 -	LMT	1915 Oct 26	# Suva
+Zone	Pacific/Fiji	11:55:44 -	LMT	1915 Oct 26	# Suva
 			12:00	Fiji	FJ%sT	# Fiji Time
 
 # French Polynesia
@@ -782,7 +785,7 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
 
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
@@ -800,6 +803,10 @@ Zone	Pacific/Wallis	12:15:20 -	LMT	1901
 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
 # I found in the UCLA library.
 #
+# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
+# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#
 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
 #
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/europe b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/europe
index ad9816c..5081a52 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/europe
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/europe
@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@
 #	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
 #	</a> (1914-03)
 #
+#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+#	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.  He writes:
+#	"It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables
+#	may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society,
+#	Savile Row, London."  Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org.
+#
 #	Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH),
 #	<a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
 #	History of Summer Time
@@ -666,6 +672,8 @@ Zone	Europe/Andorra	0:06:04 -	LMT	1901
 
 # Austria
 
+# Milne says Vienna time was 1:05:21.
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and
 # 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and
 # Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged"
@@ -683,7 +691,7 @@ Rule	Austria	1948	only	-	Apr	18	2:00s	1:00	S
 Rule	Austria	1980	only	-	Apr	 6	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Austria	1980	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	Europe/Vienna	1:05:20 -	LMT	1893 Apr
+Zone	Europe/Vienna	1:05:21 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1920
 			1:00	Austria	CE%sT	1940 Apr  1 2:00s
 			1:00	C-Eur	CE%sT	1945 Apr  2 2:00s
@@ -1239,6 +1247,21 @@ Zone	Europe/Berlin	0:53:28 -	LMT	1893 Apr
 			1:00	Germany	CE%sT	1980
 			1:00	EU	CE%sT
 
+# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12):
+# Busingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton
+# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE
+# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did.
+# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1,
+# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin.
+#
+# Source for the time in Busingen 1980:
+# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03):
+# Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970.
+
+Link	Europe/Zurich	Europe/Busingen
+
 # Georgia
 # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi.
 # Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni)
@@ -2043,6 +2066,70 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest	1:44:24 -	LMT	1891 Oct
 
 # Russia
 
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15):
+# Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011
+# (Government document
+# <a href="http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/">
+# http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/
+# </a>
+# in Russian)
+# there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones...
+# All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English
+# by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below:
+# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm">
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm
+# </a>
+
+# From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27):
+# Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at:
+# <a href="http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966">
+# http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966
+# They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian).
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
+# Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia
+# changed in September 2011:
+#
+# One source is
+# < a href="http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/>
+# http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/
+# </a>
+# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31,
+# 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information.
+#
+# Another source is
+# <a href="http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html">
+# http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html
+# </a>
+# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the
+# Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also
+# contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on:
+# in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which
+# does not contain any "effective date" information.
+#
+# Another source is
+# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7">
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7
+# </a>
+# which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011...
+# Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication"
+# but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011.
+#
+# The Wikipedia article refers to
+# <a href="http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896">
+# http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896
+# </a>
+# which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page.
+#
+# Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's
+# "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication"
+# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to get
+# September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias Conradi notes).
+#
+# None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks.
+#
+# Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s.
+
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
 # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
@@ -2270,14 +2357,32 @@ Zone Asia/Yakutsk	 8:38:40 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
 # [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
 
 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
-# The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, Tomponskij, Ust'-Majskij,
-# Ust'-Yanskij.
+# The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij.
 Zone Asia/Vladivostok	 8:47:44 -	LMT	1922 Nov 15
 			 9:00	-	VLAT	1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
 			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
 			 9:00	Russia	VLA%sST	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
 			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
 			11:00	-	VLAT
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
+# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
+# in 2011.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25):
+# Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time.
+# Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004.
+# This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
+#
+Zone Asia/Khandyga	 9:02:13 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
+			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
+			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+			 8:00	Russia	YAK%sT	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+			 9:00	Russia	YAK%sT	2004
+			10:00	Russia	VLA%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+			11:00	-	VLAT	2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
+			10:00	-	YAKT
+
 #
 # Sakhalinskaya oblast'.
 # The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
@@ -2296,14 +2401,26 @@ Zone Asia/Sakhalin	 9:30:48 -	LMT	1905 Aug 23
 
 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
 # The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Verkhhhnekolymskij, Momskij,
-# Nizhnekolymskij, Ojmyakonskij, Srednekolymskij.
+# Nizhnekolymskij, ... Srednekolymskij.
 Zone Asia/Magadan	10:03:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
 			10:00	-	MAGT	1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
 			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
 			10:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
 			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
 			12:00	-	MAGT
-#
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
+# Ojmyakonskij and the Kuril Islands switched from
+# Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011.
+Zone Asia/Ust-Nera	 9:32:54 -	LMT	1919 Dec 15
+			 8:00	-	YAKT	1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
+			 9:00	Russia	YAKT	1981 Apr  1
+			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1991 Mar 31 2:00s
+			10:00	Russia	MAG%sT	1992 Jan 19 2:00s
+			11:00	Russia	MAG%sT	2011 Mar 27 2:00s
+			12:00	-	MAGT	2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
+			11:00	-	VLAT
+
 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
 # Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug.
 #
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/localtime.c b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/localtime.c
index e074c54..47b2323 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/localtime.c
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/localtime.c
@@ -271,6 +271,11 @@ settzname(void)
 	/*
 	** And to get the latest zone names into tzname. . .
 	*/
+	for (i = 0; i < sp->typecnt; ++i) {
+		register const struct ttinfo * const	ttisp = &sp->ttis[i];
+
+		tzname[ttisp->tt_isdst] = &sp->chars[ttisp->tt_abbrind];
+	}	
 	for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i) {
 		register const struct ttinfo * const	ttisp =
 							&sp->ttis[
@@ -479,20 +484,31 @@ tzload(register const char *name, register struct state *const sp,
 		** signed time_t system but using a data file with
 		** unsigned values (or vice versa).
 		*/
-		for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt - 2; ++i)
-			if (sp->ats[i] > sp->ats[i + 1]) {
-				++i;
+		for (i = 0; i < sp->timecnt; ++i)
+			if ((i < sp->timecnt - 1 &&
+			    sp->ats[i] > sp->ats[i + 1]) ||
+			    (i == sp->timecnt - 1 && !TYPE_SIGNED(time_t) &&
+			    sp->ats[i] >
+			    ((stored == 4) ? INT32_MAX : INT64_MAX))) {
 				if (TYPE_SIGNED(time_t)) {
 					/*
 					** Ignore the end (easy).
 					*/
-					sp->timecnt = i;
+					sp->timecnt = i + 1;
 				} else {
 					/*
 					** Ignore the beginning (harder).
 					*/
 					register int	j;
 
+					/*
+					** Keep the record right before the
+					** epoch boundary,
+					** but tweak it so that it starts
+					** right with the epoch
+					** (thanks to Doug Bailey).
+					*/
+					sp->ats[i] = 0;
 					for (j = 0; j + i < sp->timecnt; ++j) {
 						sp->ats[j] = sp->ats[j + i];
 						sp->types[j] = sp->types[j + i];
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/northamerica b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/northamerica
index 772d7a4..1964903 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/northamerica
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/northamerica
@@ -1019,6 +1019,9 @@ Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
 #	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
 #	</a> (1914-03)
 #
+#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+#	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#
 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
 
 # Canada
@@ -2554,6 +2557,8 @@ Zone	America/Antigua	-4:07:12 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 
 # Bahamas
 #
+# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
+#
 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
@@ -2563,11 +2568,14 @@ Zone	America/Antigua	-4:07:12 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
 Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:24 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
+Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
 			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976
 			-5:00	US	E%sT
 
 # Barbados
+
+# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
@@ -2575,8 +2583,8 @@ Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
 Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:28 -	LMT	1924		# Bridgetown
-			-3:58:28 -	BMT	1932	  # Bridgetown Mean Time
+Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1924		# Bridgetown
+			-3:58:29 -	BMT	1932	  # Bridgetown Mean Time
 			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
 
 # Belize
@@ -2594,6 +2602,9 @@ Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
 
 # Bermuda
 
+# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
+# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
+
 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
 
 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
@@ -2603,7 +2614,7 @@ Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:04 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1 2:00    # Hamilton
+Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1 2:00    # Hamilton
 			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28 2:00
 			-4:00	Bahamas	A%sT	1976
 			-4:00	US	A%sT
@@ -2615,6 +2626,9 @@ Zone	America/Cayman	-5:25:32 -	LMT	1890		# Georgetown
 			-5:00	-	EST
 
 # Costa Rica
+
+# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San Jose mean time; round to nearest.
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
@@ -2625,14 +2639,19 @@ Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
 Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:20 -	LMT	1890		# San Jose
-			-5:36:20 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
+Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890		# San Jose
+			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
 			-6:00	CR	C%sT
 # Coco
 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
 
 # Cuba
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
+# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
+# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
+
 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
@@ -2981,24 +3000,21 @@ Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
 # So this means they have already changed their time.
 #
-# (Sources in French):
-# <a href="http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510">
 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
-# </a>
-# <a href="http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253">
 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
-# </a>
 #
-# Our coverage:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/haiti-dst-2012.html">
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/haiti-dst-2012.html
-# </a>
-
 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
-# Assume a US-style fall back as well XXX.
-# Do not yet assume that the change carries forward past 2012 XXX.
+# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
+# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
+# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
+# are going to observe DST every year now...
+#
+# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
+# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
 
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
@@ -3010,8 +3026,8 @@ Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
 Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
 Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
 Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
-Rule	Haiti	2012	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
-Rule	Haiti	2012	only	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
+Rule	Haiti	2012	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
+Rule	Haiti	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
 			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/southamerica b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/southamerica
index 3301a43..9ef8b82 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/southamerica
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/southamerica
@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@
 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
 #
+# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
+# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
+# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
+#
 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
@@ -381,21 +385,11 @@ Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
 # <a/>
 # is the official page for the Province Government).
 #
-# There's also a note in only one of the major national papers (La Nación) at
-# <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912">
+# There's also a note in only one of the major national papers ...
 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912
-# </a>
-#
-# The press release says:
-#  (...) anunció que el próximo domingo a las 00:00 los puntanos deberán
-# atrasar una hora sus relojes.
 #
-# A partir de entonces, San Luis establecerá el huso horario propio de
-# la Provincia. De esta manera, durante el periodo del calendario anual
-# 2009, el cambio horario quedará comprendido entre las 00:00 del tercer
-# domingo de marzo y las 24:00 del segundo sábado de octubre.
-# Quick&dirty translation
-# (...) announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis
+# The press release says [quick and dirty translation]:
+# ... announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis
 # inhabitants) will have to turn back one hour their clocks
 #
 # Since then, San Luis will establish its own Province timezone. Thus,
@@ -457,6 +451,9 @@ Rule	Arg	2008	only	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
 
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
+# Milne says Cordoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.
+
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 #
 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
@@ -812,9 +809,9 @@ Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
 
 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07):
 # There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it.
-# I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandão at
+# I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandao at
 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/">http://pcdsh01.on.br/</a> the
-# oficial agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is
+# official agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is
 # still in force.
 
 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-14)
@@ -1243,9 +1240,13 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
 # b. Saturday, September 1, 2012, clocks should go forward 60 minutes; that is,
 # at 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be
 # 01:00 on September 2.
-#
-# Note that...this is yet another "temporary" change that will be reevaluated
-# AGAIN in 2013.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-02-15):
+# According to several news sources, Chile has extended DST this year,
+# they will end DST later and start DST earlier than planned.  They
+# hope to save energy.  The new end date is 2013-04-28 00:00 and new
+# start date is 2013-09-08 00:00....
+# http://www.gob.cl/informa/2013/02/15/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de-hora-para-el-ano-2013.htm
 
 # NOTE: ChileAQ rules for Antarctic bases are stored separately in the
 # 'antarctica' file.
@@ -1288,10 +1289,8 @@ Rule	Chile	2009	only	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2010	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2011	only	-	May	Sun>=2	3:00u	0	-
 Rule	Chile	2011	only	-	Aug	Sun>=16	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	Chile	2012	only	-	Apr	Sun>=23	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2012	only	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	S
-Rule	Chile	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
-Rule	Chile	2013	max	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
+Rule	Chile	2012	max	-	Apr	Sun>=23	3:00u	0	-
+Rule	Chile	2012	max	-	Sep	Sun>=2	4:00u	1:00	S
 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
@@ -1313,17 +1312,23 @@ Zone Pacific/Easter	-7:17:44 -	LMT	1890
 # San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
 
 # Colombia
+
+# Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogota time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
+# "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
+
 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
 Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	CO	1993	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	0	-
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:20 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
-			-4:56:20 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
+Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:16 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
+			-4:56:16 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
 			-5:00	CO	CO%sT	# Colombia Time
 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
 
 # Curacao
+
+# Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curacao mean time; round to nearest.
 #
 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
@@ -1340,7 +1345,7 @@ Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:20 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
 # though, as far as we know.
 #
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
-Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:44 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Willemstad
+Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:47 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Willemstad
 			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
 			-4:00	-	AST
 
@@ -1354,6 +1359,8 @@ Link	America/Curacao	America/Kralendijk # Bonaire, Sint Estatius and Saba
 
 # Ecuador
 #
+# Milne says the Sentral and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
+#
 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
 # Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
 # <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
@@ -1560,6 +1567,15 @@ Rule	Para	2005	2009	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
 # ...
 Rule	Para	2010	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
 Rule	Para	2010	max	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
+# Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00....
+# They do not tell if this will be a permanent change or just this year....
+# http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-07):
+# For now, assume it's just this year.
+Rule	Para	2013	only	-	Mar	24	0:00	0	-
 
 # Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
 Zone America/Asuncion	-3:50:40 -	LMT	1890
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/strftime.c b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/strftime.c
index 4950f74..2c3cef8 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/strftime.c
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/strftime.c
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+/*
+** Based on the UCB version with the copyright notice and sccsid
+** appearing below.
+**
+** This is ANSIish only when "multibyte character == plain character".
+*/
+
 #include "private.h"
 
 /*
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-art.htm b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-art.htm
index 7e57b6d..046b6ee 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-art.htm
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-art.htm
@@ -415,6 +415,13 @@ http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0137494/
 </a>. (Mark Brader, 2009-10-02)
 </li>
 <li>
+In the "Run by the Monkeys" episode of "Da Vinci's Inquest"
+(first broadcast 2002-11-17),
+a witness in a five-year-old fire case realizes they may not have set
+their clock back when daylight saving ended on the day of the fire,
+introducing the possibility of an hour when arson might have occurred.
+</li>
+<li>
 In "The Todd Couple" episode of "Outsourced" (first aired 2011-02-10),
 Manmeet sets up teledates for 6:00 and 9:00;
 since one is with a New Yorker and the other with a San Franciscan,
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-link.htm b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-link.htm
index 70e6521..5e24fed 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-link.htm
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tz-link.htm
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"'>
 <meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul">
 <meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David">
-<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-11-13">
+<meta name="DC.Date" content="2013-03-11">
 <meta name="DC.Description"
  content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time">
 <meta name="DC.Identifier"
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ is used by several implementations,
 including
 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the
 <abbr title="GNU's Not Unix">GNU</abbr>
-C Library</a> used in
-<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>,
+C Library</a> (used in
+<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>),
 <a href="http://www.android.com/">Android</a>,
 <a href="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</a>,
 <a href="http://netbsd.org/">NetBSD</a>,
@@ -46,11 +46,14 @@ C Library</a> used in
 <a href="http://cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a>,
 <a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/"><abbr
 title="DJ's GNU Programming Platform">DJGPP</abbr></a>,
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebOS">webOS</a>,
 <a href="http://ibm.com/aix">AIX</a>,
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_10">BlackBerry 10</a>,
+<a href="http://www.apple.com/ios/">iOS</a>,
 <a href="http://h71000.www7.hp.com/">OpenVMS</a>,
 <a href="http://oracle.com/database">Oracle Database</a>,
 <a href="http://www.apple.com/osx/">OS X</a>,
-<a href="http://sun.com/software/solaris">Solaris</a>,
+<a href="http://oracle.com/solaris">Solaris</a>,
 <a href="http://h30097.www3.hp.com/">Tru64</a>, and
 <a href="http://sco.com/products/unixware">UnixWare</a>.</p>
 <p>
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ gzip -dc tzdata-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf -
 </code></pre>
 <p>
 The code and data files can also be obtained from the
-<a href="http://www.iana.org/time-zones">timezone web page</a>
+<a href="http://www.iana.org/time-zones">Time Zone Database website</a>
 of the <a href="http://www.iana.org">Internet Assigned Numbers
 Authority (IANA)</a>.
 An <a href="https://github.com/eggert/tz">unofficial development
@@ -123,12 +126,15 @@ messages</a> sent to the mailing list, <a
 href="https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/tz">subscribe</a> to it,
 and browse the <a
 href="http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/">archive of old
-messages</a>.</p>
+messages</a>. For further information about updates, please see
+<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6557">Procedures for
+Maintaining the Time Zone Database</a> (Internet <abbr title="Request
+For Comments">RFC</abbr> 6557).</p>
 <p>
 The Web has several other sources for time zone and daylight saving time data.
 Here are some links that may be of interest.
 </p>
-<h2>Web pages using recent versions of the <code>tz</code> database</h2>
+<h2>Web sites using recent versions of the <code>tz</code> database</h2>
 <p>
 These are listed roughly in ascending order of complexity and fanciness.
 </p>
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ lets you see the <code>TZ</code> values directly.</li>
 <li><a
 href="http://convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current
 Time in 1000 Places</a> uses descriptions of the values.</li>
-<li><a href="http://www.timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</a>
+<li><a href="http://www.timezoneconverter.com/cgi-bin/tzc.tzc">Time Zone Converter</a>
 uses a pulldown menu.</li>
 <li><a href="http://home.tiscali.nl/~t876506/TZworld.html">Complete
 timezone information for all countries</a> displays tables of DST rules.
@@ -159,14 +165,9 @@ tz data files.</li>
 </ul>
 <h2>Other time zone database formats</h2>
 <ul>
-<li>The <a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2445.txt">
+<li>The <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5545">
 Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification
-(iCalendar)</a>, Internet <abbr title="Request For
-Comments">RFC</abbr> 2445, published by the (now-concluded) <a
-href="http://ietf.org/html.charters/OLD/calsch-charter.html"><abbr
-title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr>
-Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (<abbr
-title="Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group">calsch</abbr>)</a>
+(iCalendar)</a>, Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 5445
 covers time zone
 data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component.
 <a href="http://calconnect.org/">CalConnect, The Calendaring and Scheduling
@@ -278,6 +279,12 @@ DateTime::TimeZone::Tzfile</a>
 is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Perl.
 It is freely available under the same terms as Perl
 (dual <abbr>GPL</abbr> and Artistic license).</li>
+<li>The
+public-domain <a href="https://github.com/dbaron/tz.js">tz.js</a>
+library contains a Python tool that converts <code>tz</code> binary data into
+<a href="http://www.json.org/">JSON</a>-format data suitable for use
+in its <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript">JavaScript</a> library for time zone conversion. Dates before 1970
+are not supported.</li>
 </ul>
 <h2>Other <code>tz</code>-based time zone software</h2>
 <ul>
@@ -338,7 +345,7 @@ is another time zone database.</li>
 contains data from the Time Service Department of the
 <abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory, used as the source
 for the <code>usno*</code> files in the <code>tz</code> distribution.</li>
-<li>The <a href="http://iata.org/ps/publications/SSIM.htm">Standard
+<li>The <a href="http://www.iata.org/publications/Pages/ssim.aspx">Standard
 Schedules Information Manual</a> of the
 <a href="http://iata.org/index.htm">International Air Transport
 Association</a>
@@ -467,7 +474,7 @@ hreflang="he">announcements (in Hebrew)</a>.</dd>
 <dt>Mexico</dt>
 <dd>The Investigation and Analysis Service of the Mexican Library of
 Congress has published a <a
-href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/"
+href="http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/"
 hreflang="es">history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)</a>.</dd>
 <dt>Malaysia</dt>
 <dd>See Singapore below.</dd>
@@ -507,7 +514,7 @@ Time Protocol</a>
 discusses how to synchronize clocks of
 Internet hosts.</li>
 <li><a
-href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4833.txt">Timezone
+href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4833">Timezone
 Options for <abbr title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</abbr></a>
 (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 4833)
 specifies a <a
@@ -530,7 +537,7 @@ Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like
 Scales</a> goes into more detail, particularly for historical variants.</li>
 <li>The <a href="http://iau.org/"><abbr
 title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</abbr></a>'s <a
-href="http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/"><abbr
+href="http://www.iausofa.org/"><abbr
 title="Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy">SOFA</abbr></a>
 initiative publishes Fortran
 code for converting among time scales like
@@ -584,13 +591,13 @@ interchange -- Representation of dates and times</a>.</li>
 Schema: Datatypes - dateTime</a> specifies a format inspired by
 <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 that is in common use in XML data.</li>
 <li>
-<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet
-Message Format</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 2822) &sect;3.3
+<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">Internet
+Message Format</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 5322) &sect;3.3
 specifies the time notation used in email and <a
-href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2616.txt"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a>
+href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a>
 headers.</li>
 <li>
-<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3339.txt">Date and Time
+<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339">Date and Time
 on the Internet: Timestamps</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 3339)
 specifies an <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601
 profile for use in new Internet
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tzselect.ksh b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tzselect.ksh
index 51bafc1..8e66b44 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tzselect.ksh
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/tzselect.ksh
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 PKGVERSION='(tzcode) '
 TZVERSION=see_Makefile
+REPORT_BUGS_TO=tz@iana.org
 
 # Ask the user about the time zone, and output the resulting TZ value to stdout.
 # Interact with the user via stderr and stdin.
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ if [ "$1" = "--help" ]; then
 Usage: tzselect
 Select a time zone interactively.
 
-Report bugs to tz@iana.org.
+Report bugs to $REPORT_BUGS_TO.
 EOF
     exit
 elif [ "$1" = "--version" ]; then
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zdump.c b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zdump.c
index 626b09d..9255aff 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zdump.c
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zdump.c
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ usage(FILE * const stream, const int status)
 	(void) fprintf(stream,
 _("%s: usage is %s [ --version ] [ --help ] [ -v ] [ -c [loyear,]hiyear ] zonename ...\n\
 \n\
-Report bugs to tz@iana.org.\n"),
-		       progname, progname);
+Report bugs to %s.\n"),
+		       progname, progname, REPORT_BUGS_TO);
 	exit(status);
 }
 
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zic.c b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zic.c
index 1964a89..91f0d20 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zic.c
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zic.c
@@ -426,8 +426,8 @@ usage(FILE *stream, int status)
 [ --version ] [ --help ] [ -v ] [ -l localtime ] [ -p posixrules ] \\\n\
 \t[ -d directory ] [ -L leapseconds ] [ -y yearistype ] [ filename ... ]\n\
 \n\
-Report bugs to tz@iana.org.\n"),
-		       progname, progname);
+Report bugs to %s.\n"),
+		       progname, progname, REPORT_BUGS_TO);
 	exit(status);
 }
 
@@ -1748,7 +1748,7 @@ stringoffset(char *result, long offset)
 	minutes = offset % MINSPERHOUR;
 	offset /= MINSPERHOUR;
 	hours = offset;
-	if (hours >= HOURSPERDAY) {
+	if (hours > HOURSPERDAY) {
 		result[0] = '\0';
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -1851,7 +1851,9 @@ stringzone(char *result, const struct zone *const zpfirst, const int zonecount)
 			rp = &zp->z_rules[i];
 			if (stdrp == NULL || rp->r_hiyear > stdrp->r_hiyear ||
 				(rp->r_hiyear == stdrp->r_hiyear &&
-				rp->r_month > stdrp->r_month))
+				(rp->r_month > stdrp->r_month ||
+				(rp->r_month == stdrp->r_month &&
+				rp->r_dayofmonth > stdrp->r_dayofmonth))))
 					stdrp = rp;
 		}
 		if (stdrp != NULL && stdrp->r_stdoff != 0)
diff --git a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zone.tab b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zone.tab
index 6bda826..c1cd95e 100644
--- a/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zone.tab
+++ b/elsie.nci.nih.gov/src/zone.tab
@@ -159,7 +159,8 @@ CW	+1211-06900	America/Curacao
 CX	-1025+10543	Indian/Christmas
 CY	+3510+03322	Asia/Nicosia
 CZ	+5005+01426	Europe/Prague
-DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin
+DE	+5230+01322	Europe/Berlin	most locations
+DE	+4742+00841	Europe/Busingen	Busingen
 DJ	+1136+04309	Africa/Djibouti
 DK	+5540+01235	Europe/Copenhagen
 DM	+1518-06124	America/Dominica
@@ -341,8 +342,10 @@ RU	+5345+08707	Asia/Novokuznetsk	Moscow+03 - Novokuznetsk
 RU	+5601+09250	Asia/Krasnoyarsk	Moscow+04 - Yenisei River
 RU	+5216+10420	Asia/Irkutsk	Moscow+05 - Lake Baikal
 RU	+6200+12940	Asia/Yakutsk	Moscow+06 - Lena River
+RU	+623923+1353314	Asia/Khandyga	Moscow+06 - Tomponsky, Ust-Maysky
 RU	+4310+13156	Asia/Vladivostok	Moscow+07 - Amur River
 RU	+4658+14242	Asia/Sakhalin	Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island
+RU	+643337+1431336	Asia/Ust-Nera	Moscow+07 - Oymyakonsky
 RU	+5934+15048	Asia/Magadan	Moscow+08 - Magadan
 RU	+5301+15839	Asia/Kamchatka	Moscow+08 - Kamchatka
 RU	+6445+17729	Asia/Anadyr	Moscow+08 - Bering Sea