diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'europe')
| -rw-r--r-- | europe | 186 |
1 files changed, 132 insertions, 54 deletions
@@ -821,11 +821,16 @@ Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 # Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, # and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. +# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22): +# In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. +# Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. + # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S -Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - +Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - +Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S @@ -875,15 +880,35 @@ Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 # Belgium # -# From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): +# From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): +# The exposition in the web page +# https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique +# gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that +# the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. +# +# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): +# This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: +# In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central +# Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks +# sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and +# continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of +# resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... +# The song ended: +# Putting your clock forward +# Will but hasten the happy hour +# When we kick out the Boches! +# See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - +# Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. +# https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm +# +# Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" +# <https://www.astro.oma.be/GENERAL/INFO/nli001a.html>. # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), # pp 8-9. -# LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: -# Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. -# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. +# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. # The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. # Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. # @@ -928,7 +953,7 @@ Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 - 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT + 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u @@ -1627,6 +1652,13 @@ Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # +# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02): +# I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, +# for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 +# am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between +# today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it +# clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. +# # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. @@ -1774,15 +1806,10 @@ Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:34 - LMT 1880 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. -# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): -# http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf -# ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. -# I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: -# ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein -# introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on -# central European time was in force throughout the year. -# From a report of the duke's government to the high council, -# regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. +# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04): +# I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ... +# I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow +# the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz @@ -2490,6 +2517,12 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # Europe/Kaliningrad covers... # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast +# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): +# Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from +# +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that +# the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when +# Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.) + # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). @@ -2506,8 +2539,8 @@ Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr - 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 - 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 + 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 + 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s @@ -3650,20 +3683,75 @@ Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. # Turkey +# From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): +# http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone +# history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. +# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): +# That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") +# is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other +# sources. + +# From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 +# 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 +# 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 +# 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 +# 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 +# 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, +# 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) +# 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) +# 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) +# 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 +# This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. +# 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 +# (not applied due to standard TZ change below) +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 +# This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 +# degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 +# to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was +# already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an +# "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 +# 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) +# 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) +# At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early +# 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares +# the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the +# standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when +# that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this +# as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". +# +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 +# 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 + # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 -# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 +# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): @@ -3747,46 +3835,36 @@ Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S -# Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; -# go with Shanks & Pottenger. -Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +# DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - -Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S -Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - +Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S +Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S @@ -3795,8 +3873,8 @@ Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? - 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 - 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 + 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 + 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u |