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.. _postgresql_toplevel:
PostgreSQL
==========
.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.base
PostgreSQL Data Types
------------------------
As with all SQLAlchemy dialects, all UPPERCASE types that are known to be
valid with Postgresql are importable from the top level dialect, whether
they originate from :mod:`sqlalchemy.types` or from the local dialect::
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import \
ARRAY, BIGINT, BIT, BOOLEAN, BYTEA, CHAR, CIDR, DATE, \
DOUBLE_PRECISION, ENUM, FLOAT, HSTORE, INET, INTEGER, \
INTERVAL, JSON, MACADDR, NUMERIC, REAL, SMALLINT, TEXT, TIME, \
TIMESTAMP, UUID, VARCHAR, INT4RANGE, INT8RANGE, NUMRANGE, \
DATERANGE, TSRANGE, TSTZRANGE, TSVECTOR
Types which are specific to PostgreSQL, or have PostgreSQL-specific
construction arguments, are as follows:
.. currentmodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql
.. autoclass:: array
.. autoclass:: ARRAY
:members: __init__, Comparator
.. autoclass:: Any
.. autoclass:: All
.. autoclass:: BIT
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: BYTEA
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: CIDR
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: DOUBLE_PRECISION
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: ENUM
:members: __init__, create, drop
.. autoclass:: HSTORE
:members:
.. autoclass:: hstore
:members:
.. autoclass:: INET
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: INTERVAL
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: JSON
:members:
.. autoclass:: JSONElement
:members:
.. autoclass:: MACADDR
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: REAL
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: TSVECTOR
:members: __init__
.. autoclass:: UUID
:members: __init__
Range Types
~~~~~~~~~~~
The new range column types founds in PostgreSQL 9.2 onwards are
catered for by the following types:
.. autoclass:: INT4RANGE
.. autoclass:: INT8RANGE
.. autoclass:: NUMRANGE
.. autoclass:: DATERANGE
.. autoclass:: TSRANGE
.. autoclass:: TSTZRANGE
The types above get most of their functionality from the following
mixin:
.. autoclass:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.ranges.RangeOperators
:members:
.. warning::
The range type DDL support should work with any Postgres DBAPI
driver, however the data types returned may vary. If you are using
``psycopg2``, it's recommended to upgrade to version 2.5 or later
before using these column types.
PostgreSQL Constraint Types
---------------------------
SQLAlchemy supports Postgresql EXCLUDE constraints via the
:class:`ExcludeConstraint` class:
.. autoclass:: ExcludeConstraint
:members: __init__
For example::
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ExcludeConstraint, TSRANGE
class RoomBookings(Base):
room = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
during = Column(TSRANGE())
__table_args__ = (
ExcludeConstraint(('room', '='), ('during', '&&')),
)
psycopg2
--------------
.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.psycopg2
py-postgresql
--------------------
.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.pypostgresql
pg8000
--------------
.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.pg8000
zxjdbc
--------------
.. automodule:: sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql.zxjdbc
|
