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|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
sphinx.builders.epub
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Build epub files.
Originally derived from qthelp.py.
:copyright: Copyright 2007-2014 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
:license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
"""
import os
import re
import time
import codecs
import zipfile
from os import path
try:
from PIL import Image
except ImportError:
try:
import Image
except ImportError:
Image = None
from docutils import nodes
from sphinx import addnodes
from sphinx.builders.html import StandaloneHTMLBuilder
from sphinx.util.osutil import ensuredir, copyfile, EEXIST
from sphinx.util.smartypants import sphinx_smarty_pants as ssp
from sphinx.util.console import brown
# (Fragment) templates from which the metainfo files content.opf, toc.ncx,
# mimetype, and META-INF/container.xml are created.
# This template section also defines strings that are embedded in the html
# output but that may be customized by (re-)setting module attributes,
# e.g. from conf.py.
_mimetype_template = 'application/epub+zip' # no EOL!
_container_template = u'''\
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<container version="1.0"
xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container">
<rootfiles>
<rootfile full-path="content.opf"
media-type="application/oebps-package+xml"/>
</rootfiles>
</container>
'''
_toc_template = u'''\
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ncx version="2005-1" xmlns="http://www.daisy.org/z3986/2005/ncx/">
<head>
<meta name="dtb:uid" content="%(uid)s"/>
<meta name="dtb:depth" content="%(level)d"/>
<meta name="dtb:totalPageCount" content="0"/>
<meta name="dtb:maxPageNumber" content="0"/>
</head>
<docTitle>
<text>%(title)s</text>
</docTitle>
<navMap>
%(navpoints)s
</navMap>
</ncx>
'''
_navpoint_template = u'''\
%(indent)s <navPoint id="%(navpoint)s" playOrder="%(playorder)d">
%(indent)s <navLabel>
%(indent)s <text>%(text)s</text>
%(indent)s </navLabel>
%(indent)s <content src="%(refuri)s" />
%(indent)s </navPoint>'''
_navpoint_indent = ' '
_navPoint_template = 'navPoint%d'
_content_template = u'''\
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<package xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf" version="2.0"
unique-identifier="%(uid)s">
<metadata xmlns:opf="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
<dc:language>%(lang)s</dc:language>
<dc:title>%(title)s</dc:title>
<dc:creator opf:role="aut">%(author)s</dc:creator>
<dc:publisher>%(publisher)s</dc:publisher>
<dc:rights>%(copyright)s</dc:rights>
<dc:identifier id="%(uid)s" opf:scheme="%(scheme)s">%(id)s</dc:identifier>
<dc:date>%(date)s</dc:date>
</metadata>
<manifest>
<item id="ncx" href="toc.ncx" media-type="application/x-dtbncx+xml" />
%(files)s
</manifest>
<spine toc="ncx">
%(spine)s
</spine>
<guide>
%(guide)s
</guide>
</package>
'''
_cover_template = u'''\
<meta name="cover" content="%(cover)s"/>
'''
_coverpage_name = u'epub-cover.html'
_file_template = u'''\
<item id="%(id)s"
href="%(href)s"
media-type="%(media_type)s" />'''
_spine_template = u'''\
<itemref idref="%(idref)s" />'''
_guide_template = u'''\
<reference type="%(type)s" title="%(title)s" href="%(uri)s" />'''
_toctree_template = u'toctree-l%d'
_link_target_template = u' [%(uri)s]'
_footnote_label_template = u'#%d'
_footnotes_rubric_name = u'Footnotes'
_css_link_target_class = u'link-target'
# XXX These strings should be localized according to epub_language
_guide_titles = {
'toc': u'Table of Contents',
'cover': u'Cover'
}
_media_types = {
'.html': 'application/xhtml+xml',
'.css': 'text/css',
'.png': 'image/png',
'.gif': 'image/gif',
'.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
'.jpg': 'image/jpeg',
'.jpeg': 'image/jpeg',
'.otf': 'application/x-font-otf',
'.ttf': 'application/x-font-ttf',
}
_vector_graphics_extensions = ('.svg',)
# Regular expression to match colons only in local fragment identifiers.
# If the URI contains a colon before the #,
# it is an external link that should not change.
_refuri_re = re.compile("([^#:]*#)(.*)")
# The epub publisher
class EpubBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
"""
Builder that outputs epub files.
It creates the metainfo files container.opf, toc.ncx, mimetype, and
META-INF/container.xml. Afterwards, all necessary files are zipped to an
epub file.
"""
name = 'epub'
# don't copy the reST source
copysource = False
supported_image_types = ['image/svg+xml', 'image/png', 'image/gif',
'image/jpeg']
# don't add links
add_permalinks = False
# don't add sidebar etc.
embedded = True
def init(self):
StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init(self)
# the output files for epub must be .html only
self.out_suffix = '.html'
self.playorder = 0
self.tocid = 0
def get_theme_config(self):
return self.config.epub_theme, self.config.epub_theme_options
# generic support functions
def make_id(self, name, id_cache={}):
# id_cache is intentionally mutable
"""Return a unique id for name."""
id = id_cache.get(name)
if not id:
id = 'epub-%d' % self.env.new_serialno('epub')
id_cache[name] = id
return id
def esc(self, name):
"""Replace all characters not allowed in text an attribute values."""
# Like cgi.escape, but also replace apostrophe
name = name.replace('&', '&')
name = name.replace('<', '<')
name = name.replace('>', '>')
name = name.replace('"', '"')
name = name.replace('\'', ''')
return name
def get_refnodes(self, doctree, result):
"""Collect section titles, their depth in the toc and the refuri."""
# XXX: is there a better way than checking the attribute
# toctree-l[1-8] on the parent node?
if isinstance(doctree, nodes.reference) and 'refuri' in doctree:
refuri = doctree['refuri']
if refuri.startswith('http://') or refuri.startswith('https://') \
or refuri.startswith('irc:') or refuri.startswith('mailto:'):
return result
classes = doctree.parent.attributes['classes']
for level in range(8, 0, -1): # or range(1, 8)?
if (_toctree_template % level) in classes:
result.append({
'level': level,
'refuri': self.esc(refuri),
'text': ssp(self.esc(doctree.astext()))
})
break
else:
for elem in doctree.children:
result = self.get_refnodes(elem, result)
return result
def get_toc(self):
"""Get the total table of contents, containing the master_doc
and pre and post files not managed by sphinx.
"""
doctree = self.env.get_and_resolve_doctree(self.config.master_doc,
self, prune_toctrees=False, includehidden=True)
self.refnodes = self.get_refnodes(doctree, [])
master_dir = path.dirname(self.config.master_doc)
if master_dir:
master_dir += '/' # XXX or os.sep?
for item in self.refnodes:
item['refuri'] = master_dir + item['refuri']
self.toc_add_files(self.refnodes)
def toc_add_files(self, refnodes):
"""Add the master_doc, pre and post files to a list of refnodes.
"""
refnodes.insert(0, {
'level': 1,
'refuri': self.esc(self.config.master_doc + '.html'),
'text': ssp(self.esc(
self.env.titles[self.config.master_doc].astext()))
})
for file, text in reversed(self.config.epub_pre_files):
refnodes.insert(0, {
'level': 1,
'refuri': self.esc(file),
'text': ssp(self.esc(text))
})
for file, text in self.config.epub_post_files:
refnodes.append({
'level': 1,
'refuri': self.esc(file),
'text': ssp(self.esc(text))
})
def fix_fragment(self, prefix, fragment):
"""Return a href/id attribute with colons replaced by hyphens."""
return prefix + fragment.replace(':', '-')
def fix_ids(self, tree):
"""Replace colons with hyphens in href and id attributes.
Some readers crash because they interpret the part as a
transport protocol specification.
"""
for node in tree.traverse(nodes.reference):
if 'refuri' in node:
m = _refuri_re.match(node['refuri'])
if m:
node['refuri'] = self.fix_fragment(m.group(1), m.group(2))
if 'refid' in node:
node['refid'] = self.fix_fragment('', node['refid'])
for node in tree.traverse(addnodes.desc_signature):
ids = node.attributes['ids']
newids = []
for id in ids:
newids.append(self.fix_fragment('', id))
node.attributes['ids'] = newids
def add_visible_links(self, tree, show_urls='inline'):
"""Add visible link targets for external links"""
def make_footnote_ref(doc, label):
"""Create a footnote_reference node with children"""
footnote_ref = nodes.footnote_reference('[#]_')
footnote_ref.append(nodes.Text(label))
doc.note_autofootnote_ref(footnote_ref)
return footnote_ref
def make_footnote(doc, label, uri):
"""Create a footnote node with children"""
footnote = nodes.footnote(uri)
para = nodes.paragraph()
para.append(nodes.Text(uri))
footnote.append(para)
footnote.insert(0, nodes.label('', label))
doc.note_autofootnote(footnote)
return footnote
def footnote_spot(tree):
"""Find or create a spot to place footnotes.
The function returns the tuple (parent, index)."""
# The code uses the following heuristic:
# a) place them after the last existing footnote
# b) place them after an (empty) Footnotes rubric
# c) create an empty Footnotes rubric at the end of the document
fns = tree.traverse(nodes.footnote)
if fns:
fn = fns[-1]
return fn.parent, fn.parent.index(fn) + 1
for node in tree.traverse(nodes.rubric):
if len(node.children) == 1 and \
node.children[0].astext() == _footnotes_rubric_name:
return node.parent, node.parent.index(node) + 1
doc = tree.traverse(nodes.document)[0]
rub = nodes.rubric()
rub.append(nodes.Text(_footnotes_rubric_name))
doc.append(rub)
return doc, doc.index(rub) + 1
if show_urls == 'no':
return
if show_urls == 'footnote':
doc = tree.traverse(nodes.document)[0]
fn_spot, fn_idx = footnote_spot(tree)
nr = 1
for node in tree.traverse(nodes.reference):
uri = node.get('refuri', '')
if (uri.startswith('http:') or uri.startswith('https:') or
uri.startswith('ftp:')) and uri not in node.astext():
idx = node.parent.index(node) + 1
if show_urls == 'inline':
uri = _link_target_template % {'uri': uri}
link = nodes.inline(uri, uri)
link['classes'].append(_css_link_target_class)
node.parent.insert(idx, link)
elif show_urls == 'footnote':
label = _footnote_label_template % nr
nr += 1
footnote_ref = make_footnote_ref(doc, label)
node.parent.insert(idx, footnote_ref)
footnote = make_footnote(doc, label, uri)
fn_spot.insert(fn_idx, footnote)
footnote_ref['refid'] = footnote['ids'][0]
footnote.add_backref(footnote_ref['ids'][0])
fn_idx += 1
def write_doc(self, docname, doctree):
"""Write one document file.
This method is overwritten in order to fix fragment identifiers
and to add visible external links.
"""
self.fix_ids(doctree)
self.add_visible_links(doctree, self.config.epub_show_urls)
return StandaloneHTMLBuilder.write_doc(self, docname, doctree)
def fix_genindex(self, tree):
"""Fix href attributes for genindex pages."""
# XXX: modifies tree inline
# Logic modeled from themes/basic/genindex.html
for key, columns in tree:
for entryname, (links, subitems) in columns:
for (i, (ismain, link)) in enumerate(links):
m = _refuri_re.match(link)
if m:
links[i] = (ismain,
self.fix_fragment(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
for subentryname, subentrylinks in subitems:
for (i, (ismain, link)) in enumerate(subentrylinks):
m = _refuri_re.match(link)
if m:
subentrylinks[i] = (ismain,
self.fix_fragment(m.group(1), m.group(2)))
def is_vector_graphics(self, filename):
"""Does the filename extension indicate a vector graphic format?"""
ext = path.splitext(filename)[-1]
return ext in _vector_graphics_extensions
def copy_image_files_pil(self):
"""Copy images using the PIL.
The method tries to read and write the files with the PIL,
converting the format and resizing the image if necessary/possible.
"""
ensuredir(path.join(self.outdir, '_images'))
for src in self.status_iterator(self.images, 'copying images... ',
brown, len(self.images)):
dest = self.images[src]
try:
img = Image.open(path.join(self.srcdir, src))
except IOError:
if not self.is_vector_graphics(src):
self.warn('cannot read image file %r: copying it instead' %
(path.join(self.srcdir, src), ))
try:
copyfile(path.join(self.srcdir, src),
path.join(self.outdir, '_images', dest))
except (IOError, OSError) as err:
self.warn('cannot copy image file %r: %s' %
(path.join(self.srcdir, src), err))
continue
if self.config.epub_fix_images:
if img.mode in ('P',):
# See PIL documentation for Image.convert()
img = img.convert()
if self.config.epub_max_image_width > 0:
(width, height) = img.size
nw = self.config.epub_max_image_width
if width > nw:
nh = (height * nw) / width
img = img.resize((nw, nh), Image.BICUBIC)
try:
img.save(path.join(self.outdir, '_images', dest))
except (IOError, OSError) as err:
self.warn('cannot write image file %r: %s' %
(path.join(self.srcdir, src), err))
def copy_image_files(self):
"""Copy image files to destination directory.
This overwritten method can use the PIL to convert image files.
"""
if self.images:
if self.config.epub_fix_images or self.config.epub_max_image_width:
if not Image:
self.warn('PIL not found - copying image files')
super(EpubBuilder, self).copy_image_files()
else:
self.copy_image_files_pil()
else:
super(EpubBuilder, self).copy_image_files()
def handle_page(self, pagename, addctx, templatename='page.html',
outfilename=None, event_arg=None):
"""Create a rendered page.
This method is overwritten for genindex pages in order to fix href link
attributes.
"""
if pagename.startswith('genindex'):
self.fix_genindex(addctx['genindexentries'])
StandaloneHTMLBuilder.handle_page(self, pagename, addctx, templatename,
outfilename, event_arg)
# Finish by building the epub file
def handle_finish(self):
"""Create the metainfo files and finally the epub."""
self.get_toc()
self.build_mimetype(self.outdir, 'mimetype')
self.build_container(self.outdir, 'META-INF/container.xml')
self.build_content(self.outdir, 'content.opf')
self.build_toc(self.outdir, 'toc.ncx')
self.build_epub(self.outdir, self.config.epub_basename + '.epub')
def build_mimetype(self, outdir, outname):
"""Write the metainfo file mimetype."""
self.info('writing %s file...' % outname)
f = codecs.open(path.join(outdir, outname), 'w', 'utf-8')
try:
f.write(_mimetype_template)
finally:
f.close()
def build_container(self, outdir, outname):
"""Write the metainfo file META-INF/cointainer.xml."""
self.info('writing %s file...' % outname)
fn = path.join(outdir, outname)
try:
os.mkdir(path.dirname(fn))
except OSError as err:
if err.errno != EEXIST:
raise
f = codecs.open(path.join(outdir, outname), 'w', 'utf-8')
try:
f.write(_container_template)
finally:
f.close()
def content_metadata(self, files, spine, guide):
"""Create a dictionary with all metadata for the content.opf
file properly escaped.
"""
metadata = {}
metadata['title'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_title)
metadata['author'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_author)
metadata['uid'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_uid)
metadata['lang'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_language)
metadata['publisher'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_publisher)
metadata['copyright'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_copyright)
metadata['scheme'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_scheme)
metadata['id'] = self.esc(self.config.epub_identifier)
metadata['date'] = self.esc(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
metadata['files'] = files
metadata['spine'] = spine
metadata['guide'] = guide
return metadata
def build_content(self, outdir, outname):
"""Write the metainfo file content.opf It contains bibliographic data,
a file list and the spine (the reading order).
"""
self.info('writing %s file...' % outname)
# files
if not outdir.endswith(os.sep):
outdir += os.sep
olen = len(outdir)
projectfiles = []
self.files = []
self.ignored_files = ['.buildinfo',
'mimetype', 'content.opf', 'toc.ncx', 'META-INF/container.xml',
self.config.epub_basename + '.epub'] + \
self.config.epub_exclude_files
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(outdir):
for fn in files:
filename = path.join(root, fn)[olen:]
if filename in self.ignored_files:
continue
ext = path.splitext(filename)[-1]
if ext not in _media_types:
# we always have JS and potentially OpenSearch files, don't
# always warn about them
if ext not in ('.js', '.xml'):
self.warn('unknown mimetype for %s, ignoring' % filename)
continue
filename = filename.replace(os.sep, '/')
projectfiles.append(_file_template % {
'href': self.esc(filename),
'id': self.esc(self.make_id(filename)),
'media_type': self.esc(_media_types[ext])
})
self.files.append(filename)
# spine
spine = []
for item in self.refnodes:
if '#' in item['refuri']:
continue
if item['refuri'] in self.ignored_files:
continue
spine.append(_spine_template % {
'idref': self.esc(self.make_id(item['refuri']))
})
for info in self.domain_indices:
spine.append(_spine_template % {
'idref': self.esc(self.make_id(info[0] + self.out_suffix))
})
if self.get_builder_config('use_index', 'epub'):
spine.append(_spine_template % {
'idref': self.esc(self.make_id('genindex' + self.out_suffix))
})
# add the optional cover
content_tmpl = _content_template
html_tmpl = None
if self.config.epub_cover:
image, html_tmpl = self.config.epub_cover
image = image.replace(os.sep, '/')
mpos = content_tmpl.rfind('</metadata>')
cpos = content_tmpl.rfind('\n', 0 , mpos) + 1
content_tmpl = content_tmpl[:cpos] + \
_cover_template % {'cover': self.esc(self.make_id(image))} + \
content_tmpl[cpos:]
if html_tmpl:
spine.insert(0, _spine_template % {
'idref': self.esc(self.make_id(_coverpage_name))})
if _coverpage_name not in self.files:
ext = path.splitext(_coverpage_name)[-1]
self.files.append(_coverpage_name)
projectfiles.append(_file_template % {
'href': self.esc(_coverpage_name),
'id': self.esc(self.make_id(_coverpage_name)),
'media_type': self.esc(_media_types[ext])
})
ctx = {'image': self.esc(image), 'title': self.config.project}
self.handle_page(
path.splitext(_coverpage_name)[0], ctx, html_tmpl)
guide = []
auto_add_cover = True
auto_add_toc = True
if self.config.epub_guide:
for type, uri, title in self.config.epub_guide:
file = uri.split('#')[0]
if file not in self.files:
self.files.append(file)
if type == 'cover':
auto_add_cover = False
if type == 'toc':
auto_add_toc = False
guide.append(_guide_template % {
'type': self.esc(type),
'title': self.esc(title),
'uri': self.esc(uri)
})
if auto_add_cover and html_tmpl:
guide.append(_guide_template % {
'type': 'cover',
'title': _guide_titles['cover'],
'uri': self.esc(_coverpage_name)
})
if auto_add_toc and self.refnodes:
guide.append(_guide_template % {
'type': 'toc',
'title': _guide_titles['toc'],
'uri': self.esc(self.refnodes[0]['refuri'])
})
projectfiles = '\n'.join(projectfiles)
spine = '\n'.join(spine)
guide = '\n'.join(guide)
# write the project file
f = codecs.open(path.join(outdir, outname), 'w', 'utf-8')
try:
f.write(content_tmpl % \
self.content_metadata(projectfiles, spine, guide))
finally:
f.close()
def new_navpoint(self, node, level, incr=True):
"""Create a new entry in the toc from the node at given level."""
# XXX Modifies the node
if incr:
self.playorder += 1
self.tocid += 1
node['indent'] = _navpoint_indent * level
node['navpoint'] = self.esc(_navPoint_template % self.tocid)
node['playorder'] = self.playorder
return _navpoint_template % node
def insert_subnav(self, node, subnav):
"""Insert nested navpoints for given node.
The node and subnav are already rendered to text.
"""
nlist = node.rsplit('\n', 1)
nlist.insert(-1, subnav)
return '\n'.join(nlist)
def build_navpoints(self, nodes):
"""Create the toc navigation structure.
Subelements of a node are nested inside the navpoint. For nested nodes
the parent node is reinserted in the subnav.
"""
navstack = []
navlist = []
level = 1
lastnode = None
for node in nodes:
if not node['text']:
continue
file = node['refuri'].split('#')[0]
if file in self.ignored_files:
continue
if node['level'] > self.config.epub_tocdepth:
continue
if node['level'] == level:
navlist.append(self.new_navpoint(node, level))
elif node['level'] == level + 1:
navstack.append(navlist)
navlist = []
level += 1
if lastnode and self.config.epub_tocdup:
# Insert starting point in subtoc with same playOrder
navlist.append(self.new_navpoint(lastnode, level, False))
navlist.append(self.new_navpoint(node, level))
else:
while node['level'] < level:
subnav = '\n'.join(navlist)
navlist = navstack.pop()
navlist[-1] = self.insert_subnav(navlist[-1], subnav)
level -= 1
navlist.append(self.new_navpoint(node, level))
lastnode = node
while level != 1:
subnav = '\n'.join(navlist)
navlist = navstack.pop()
navlist[-1] = self.insert_subnav(navlist[-1], subnav)
level -= 1
return '\n'.join(navlist)
def toc_metadata(self, level, navpoints):
"""Create a dictionary with all metadata for the toc.ncx file
properly escaped.
"""
metadata = {}
metadata['uid'] = self.config.epub_uid
metadata['title'] = self.config.epub_title
metadata['level'] = level
metadata['navpoints'] = navpoints
return metadata
def build_toc(self, outdir, outname):
"""Write the metainfo file toc.ncx."""
self.info('writing %s file...' % outname)
if self.config.epub_tocscope == 'default':
doctree = self.env.get_and_resolve_doctree(self.config.master_doc,
self, prune_toctrees=False, includehidden=False)
refnodes = self.get_refnodes(doctree, [])
self.toc_add_files(refnodes)
else:
# 'includehidden'
refnodes = self.refnodes
navpoints = self.build_navpoints(refnodes)
level = max(item['level'] for item in self.refnodes)
level = min(level, self.config.epub_tocdepth)
f = codecs.open(path.join(outdir, outname), 'w', 'utf-8')
try:
f.write(_toc_template % self.toc_metadata(level, navpoints))
finally:
f.close()
def build_epub(self, outdir, outname):
"""Write the epub file.
It is a zip file with the mimetype file stored uncompressed as the first
entry.
"""
self.info('writing %s file...' % outname)
projectfiles = ['META-INF/container.xml', 'content.opf', 'toc.ncx'] \
+ self.files
epub = zipfile.ZipFile(path.join(outdir, outname), 'w', \
zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
epub.write(path.join(outdir, 'mimetype'), 'mimetype', \
zipfile.ZIP_STORED)
for file in projectfiles:
fp = path.join(outdir, file)
epub.write(fp, file, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
epub.close()
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