Add lexer for colon-separated value config files like /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow and /etc/group (#2112)

* add PasswdLexer and ShadowLexer for lexing /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow

* fix regex

* Update pygments/lexers/configs.py

Co-authored-by: Jean Abou-Samra <jean@abou-samra.fr>

* address review comments

* update _mapping.py

* Create united lexer UnixConfigLexer for config files using colon-separated values, typically used in Unix/Linux system config files.

* format docstring

* UnixConfigLexer: add whitespace detection

* add test snippets for UnixConfigLexer

* address review comment

Co-authored-by: Jean Abou-Samra <jean@abou-samra.fr>
Co-authored-by: Leistungsabfall <–Leistungsabfall@users.noreply.github.com>

6 files changed, 236 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py b/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py
index 711ac32a..c23738fd 100644
--- a/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py
+++ b/pygments/lexers/_mapping.py
@@ -504,6 +504,7 @@ LEXERS = {
     'UL4Lexer': ('pygments.lexers.ul4', 'UL4', ('ul4',), ('*.ul4',), ()),
     'UcodeLexer': ('pygments.lexers.unicon', 'ucode', ('ucode',), ('*.u', '*.u1', '*.u2'), ()),
     'UniconLexer': ('pygments.lexers.unicon', 'Unicon', ('unicon',), ('*.icn',), ('text/unicon',)),
+    'UnixConfigLexer': ('pygments.lexers.configs', 'Unix/Linux config files', ('unixconfig', 'linuxconfig'), (), ()),
     'UrbiscriptLexer': ('pygments.lexers.urbi', 'UrbiScript', ('urbiscript',), ('*.u',), ('application/x-urbiscript',)),
     'UsdLexer': ('pygments.lexers.usd', 'USD', ('usd', 'usda'), ('*.usd', '*.usda'), ()),
     'VBScriptLexer': ('pygments.lexers.basic', 'VBScript', ('vbscript',), ('*.vbs', '*.VBS'), ()),
diff --git a/pygments/lexers/configs.py b/pygments/lexers/configs.py
index 22132401..51aefd77 100644
--- a/pygments/lexers/configs.py
+++ b/pygments/lexers/configs.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ __all__ = ['IniLexer', 'RegeditLexer', 'PropertiesLexer', 'KconfigLexer',
            'NginxConfLexer', 'LighttpdConfLexer', 'DockerLexer',
            'TerraformLexer', 'TermcapLexer', 'TerminfoLexer',
            'PkgConfigLexer', 'PacmanConfLexer', 'AugeasLexer', 'TOMLLexer',
-           'NestedTextLexer', 'SingularityLexer']
+           'NestedTextLexer', 'SingularityLexer', 'UnixConfigLexer']
 
 
 class IniLexer(RegexLexer):
@@ -1127,3 +1127,30 @@ class SingularityLexer(RegexLexer):
             result += 0.49
 
         return result
+
+
+class UnixConfigLexer(RegexLexer):
+    """
+    Lexer for Unix/Linux config files using colon-separated values, e.g.
+
+    * ``/etc/group``
+    * ``/etc/passwd``
+    * ``/etc/shadow``
+    
+    .. versionadded:: 2.12
+    """
+
+    name = 'Unix/Linux config files'
+    aliases = ['unixconfig', 'linuxconfig']
+    filenames = []
+
+    tokens = {
+        'root': [
+            (r'^#.*', Comment),
+            (r'\n', Whitespace),
+            (r':', Punctuation),
+            (r'[0-9]+', Number),
+            (r'((?!\n)[a-zA-Z0-9\_\-\s\(\),]){2,}', Text),
+            (r'[^:\n]+', String),
+        ],
+    }
diff --git a/pygments/lexers/text.py b/pygments/lexers/text.py
index 1a78190a..d9bf03dc 100644
--- a/pygments/lexers/text.py
+++ b/pygments/lexers/text.py
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 """
 
 from pygments.lexers.configs import ApacheConfLexer, NginxConfLexer, \
-    SquidConfLexer, LighttpdConfLexer, IniLexer, RegeditLexer, PropertiesLexer
+    SquidConfLexer, LighttpdConfLexer, IniLexer, RegeditLexer, PropertiesLexer, \
+    UnixConfigLexer
 from pygments.lexers.console import PyPyLogLexer
 from pygments.lexers.textedit import VimLexer
 from pygments.lexers.markup import BBCodeLexer, MoinWikiLexer, RstLexer, \
diff --git a/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_group.txt b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_group.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3294ed5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_group.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---input---
+root:x:0:
+sudo:x:1:syslog,user
+syslog:x:2:
+#adm:x:3:
+
+user:x:1000
+
+---tokens---
+'root'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'sudo'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'1'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'syslog,user' Text
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'syslog'      Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'2'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'#adm:x:3:'   Comment
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'user'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'1000'        Literal.Number
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
diff --git a/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_passwd.txt b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_passwd.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..540e41fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_passwd.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+---input---
+root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
+daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
+#irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
+gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
+nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
+systemd-network:x:100:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd:/usr/sbin/nologin
+
+---tokens---
+'root'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'root'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'/root'       Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'/bin/bash'   Literal.String
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'daemon'      Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'1'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'1'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'daemon'      Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'/usr/sbin'   Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'/usr/sbin/nologin' Literal.String
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'#irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin' Comment
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'gnats'       Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'41'          Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'41'          Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin)' Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'/var/lib/gnats' Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'/usr/sbin/nologin' Literal.String
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'nobody'      Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'65534'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'65534'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'nobody'      Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'/nonexistent' Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'/usr/sbin/nologin' Literal.String
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'systemd-network' Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'x'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'100'         Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'102'         Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'systemd Network Management,,,' Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'/run/systemd' Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'/usr/sbin/nologin' Literal.String
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
diff --git a/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_shadow.txt b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_shadow.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6b1d92a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/snippets/unixconfig/etc_shadow.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+---input---
+root:$6$L95fNbtS$IZ8affe7h2B.DF81HZ:17262:0:14600:14:::
+#nobody:*:18375:0:99999:7:::
+bin:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
+user:$6$KmghZnvbZs7f3SQ9$H6f0M61q5Cf8JLrS0kR3M97/o6GzD6FH3MbLs92CM/l9mHZ7FngBzRfa8D5NrWl.K8nM64affeWrY/L0U7nBt/:19097:0:99999:7:::
+linoadmin:!!:17289:0:99999:7:::
+
+---tokens---
+'root'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'$6$L95fNbtS$IZ8affe7h2B.DF81HZ' Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'17262'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'14600'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'14'          Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'#nobody:*:18375:0:99999:7:::' Comment
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'bin'         Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'*'           Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'17110'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'99999'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'7'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'user'        Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'$6$KmghZnvbZs7f3SQ9$H6f0M61q5Cf8JLrS0kR3M97/o6GzD6FH3MbLs92CM/l9mHZ7FngBzRfa8D5NrWl.K8nM64affeWrY/L0U7nBt/' Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'19097'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'99999'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'7'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace
+
+'linoadmin'   Text
+':'           Punctuation
+'!!'          Literal.String
+':'           Punctuation
+'17289'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'0'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'99999'       Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+'7'           Literal.Number
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+':'           Punctuation
+'\n'          Text.Whitespace