path: root/passlib/handlers/windows.py

"""passlib.handlers.nthash - Microsoft Windows -related hashes"""
#=============================================================================
# imports
#=============================================================================
# core
from binascii import hexlify
import re
import logging; log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
from warnings import warn
# site
# pkg
from passlib.utils import to_unicode, right_pad_string
from passlib.utils.compat import b, bytes, str_to_uascii, u, unicode, uascii_to_str
from passlib.utils.md4 import md4
import passlib.utils.handlers as uh
# local
__all__ = [
    "lmhash",
    "nthash",
    "bsd_nthash",
    "msdcc",
    "msdcc2",
]

#=============================================================================
# lanman hash
#=============================================================================
class lmhash(uh.HasEncodingContext, uh.StaticHandler):
    """This class implements the Lan Manager Password hash, and follows the :ref:`password-hash-api`.

    It has no salt and a single fixed round.

    The :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.encrypt` and :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.verify` methods accept a single
    optional keyword:

    :type encoding: str
    :param encoding:

        This specifies what character encoding LMHASH should use when
        calculating digest. It defaults to ``cp437``, the most
        common encoding encountered.

    Note that while this class outputs digests in lower-case hexidecimal,
    it will accept upper-case as well.
    """
    #===================================================================
    # class attrs
    #===================================================================
    name = "lmhash"
    checksum_chars = uh.HEX_CHARS
    checksum_size = 32
    default_encoding = "cp437"

    #===================================================================
    # methods
    #===================================================================
    @classmethod
    def _norm_hash(cls, hash):
        return hash.lower()

    def _calc_checksum(self, secret):
        return hexlify(self.raw(secret, self.encoding)).decode("ascii")

    # magic constant used by LMHASH
    _magic = b("KGS!@#$%")

    @classmethod
    def raw(cls, secret, encoding=None):
        """encode password using LANMAN hash algorithm.

        :type secret: unicode or utf-8 encoded bytes
        :arg secret: secret to hash
        :type encoding: str
        :arg encoding:
            optional encoding to use for unicode inputs.
            this defaults to ``cp437``, which is the
            common case for most situations.

        :returns: returns string of raw bytes
        """
        if not encoding:
            encoding = cls.default_encoding
        # some nice empircal data re: different encodings is at...
        # http://www.openwall.com/lists/john-dev/2011/08/01/2
        # http://www.freerainbowtables.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=387&p=12163
        from passlib.utils.des import des_encrypt_block
        MAGIC = cls._magic
        if isinstance(secret, unicode):
            # perform uppercasing while we're still unicode,
            # to give a better shot at getting non-ascii chars right.
            # (though some codepages do NOT upper-case the same as unicode).
            secret = secret.upper().encode(encoding)
        elif isinstance(secret, bytes):
            # FIXME: just trusting ascii upper will work?
            # and if not, how to do codepage specific case conversion?
            # we could decode first using <encoding>,
            # but *that* might not always be right.
            secret = secret.upper()
        else:
            raise TypeError("secret must be unicode or bytes")
        secret = right_pad_string(secret, 14)
        return des_encrypt_block(secret[0:7], MAGIC) + \
               des_encrypt_block(secret[7:14], MAGIC)

    #===================================================================
    # eoc
    #===================================================================

#=============================================================================
# ntlm hash
#=============================================================================
class nthash(uh.StaticHandler):
    """This class implements the NT Password hash, and follows the :ref:`password-hash-api`.

    It has no salt and a single fixed round.

    The :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.encrypt` and :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.genconfig` methods accept no optional keywords.

    Note that while this class outputs lower-case hexidecimal digests,
    it will accept upper-case digests as well.
    """
    #===================================================================
    # class attrs
    #===================================================================
    name = "nthash"
    checksum_chars = uh.HEX_CHARS
    checksum_size = 32

    #===================================================================
    # methods
    #===================================================================
    @classmethod
    def _norm_hash(cls, hash):
        return hash.lower()

    def _calc_checksum(self, secret):
        return hexlify(self.raw(secret)).decode("ascii")

    @classmethod
    def raw(cls, secret):
        """encode password using MD4-based NTHASH algorithm

        :arg secret: secret as unicode or utf-8 encoded bytes

        :returns: returns string of raw bytes
        """
        secret = to_unicode(secret, "utf-8", param="secret")
        # XXX: found refs that say only first 128 chars are used.
        return md4(secret.encode("utf-16-le")).digest()

    @classmethod
    def raw_nthash(cls, secret, hex=False):
        warn("nthash.raw_nthash() is deprecated, and will be removed "
             "in Passlib 1.8, please use nthash.raw() instead",
             DeprecationWarning)
        ret = nthash.raw(secret)
        return hexlify(ret).decode("ascii") if hex else ret

    #===================================================================
    # eoc
    #===================================================================

bsd_nthash = uh.PrefixWrapper("bsd_nthash", nthash, prefix="$3$$", ident="$3$$",
    doc="""The class support FreeBSD's representation of NTHASH
    (which is compatible with the :ref:`modular-crypt-format`),
    and follows the :ref:`password-hash-api`.

    It has no salt and a single fixed round.

    The :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.encrypt` and :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.genconfig` methods accept no optional keywords.
    """)

##class ntlm_pair(object):
##    "combined lmhash & nthash"
##    name = "ntlm_pair"
##    setting_kwds = ()
##    _hash_regex = re.compile(u"^(?P<lm>[0-9a-f]{32}):(?P<nt>[0-9][a-f]{32})$",
##                             re.I)
##
##    @classmethod
##    def identify(cls, hash):
##        hash = to_unicode(hash, "latin-1", "hash")
##        return len(hash) == 65 and cls._hash_regex.match(hash) is not None
##
##    @classmethod
##    def genconfig(cls):
##        return None
##
##    @classmethod
##    def genhash(cls, secret, config):
##        if config is not None and not cls.identify(config):
##            raise uh.exc.InvalidHashError(cls)
##        return cls.encrypt(secret)
##
##    @classmethod
##    def encrypt(cls, secret):
##        return lmhash.encrypt(secret) + ":" + nthash.encrypt(secret)
##
##    @classmethod
##    def verify(cls, secret, hash):
##        hash = to_unicode(hash, "ascii", "hash")
##        m = cls._hash_regex.match(hash)
##        if not m:
##            raise uh.exc.InvalidHashError(cls)
##        lm, nt = m.group("lm", "nt")
##        # NOTE: verify against both in case encoding issue
##        # causes one not to match.
##        return lmhash.verify(secret, lm) or nthash.verify(secret, nt)

#=============================================================================
# msdcc v1
#=============================================================================
class msdcc(uh.HasUserContext, uh.StaticHandler):
    """This class implements Microsoft's Domain Cached Credentials password hash,
    and follows the :ref:`password-hash-api`.

    It has a fixed number of rounds, and uses the associated
    username as the salt.

    The :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.encrypt`, :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.genhash`, and :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.verify` methods
    have the following optional keywords:

    :type user: str
    :param user:
        String containing name of user account this password is associated with.
        This is required to properly calculate the hash.

        This keyword is case-insensitive, and should contain just the username
        (e.g. ``Administrator``, not ``SOMEDOMAIN\\Administrator``).

    Note that while this class outputs lower-case hexidecimal digests,
    it will accept upper-case digests as well.
    """
    name = "msdcc"
    checksum_chars = uh.HEX_CHARS
    checksum_size = 32

    @classmethod
    def _norm_hash(cls, hash):
        return hash.lower()

    def _calc_checksum(self, secret):
        return hexlify(self.raw(secret, self.user)).decode("ascii")

    @classmethod
    def raw(cls, secret, user):
        """encode password using mscash v1 algorithm

        :arg secret: secret as unicode or utf-8 encoded bytes
        :arg user: username to use as salt

        :returns: returns string of raw bytes
        """
        secret = to_unicode(secret, "utf-8", param="secret").encode("utf-16-le")
        user = to_unicode(user, "utf-8", param="user").lower().encode("utf-16-le")
        return md4(md4(secret).digest() + user).digest()

#=============================================================================
# msdcc2 aka mscash2
#=============================================================================
class msdcc2(uh.HasUserContext, uh.StaticHandler):
    """This class implements version 2 of Microsoft's Domain Cached Credentials
    password hash, and follows the :ref:`password-hash-api`.

    It has a fixed number of rounds, and uses the associated
    username as the salt.

    The :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.encrypt`, :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.genhash`, and :meth:`~passlib.ifc.PasswordHash.verify` methods
    have the following extra keyword:

    :type user: str
    :param user:
        String containing name of user account this password is associated with.
        This is required to properly calculate the hash.

        This keyword is case-insensitive, and should contain just the username
        (e.g. ``Administrator``, not ``SOMEDOMAIN\\Administrator``).
    """
    name = "msdcc2"
    checksum_chars = uh.HEX_CHARS
    checksum_size = 32

    @classmethod
    def _norm_hash(cls, hash):
        return hash.lower()

    def _calc_checksum(self, secret):
        return hexlify(self.raw(secret, self.user)).decode("ascii")

    @classmethod
    def raw(cls, secret, user):
        """encode password using msdcc v2 algorithm

        :type secret: unicode or utf-8 bytes
        :arg secret: secret

        :type user: str
        :arg user: username to use as salt

        :returns: returns string of raw bytes
        """
        from passlib.utils.pbkdf2 import pbkdf2
        secret = to_unicode(secret, "utf-8", param="secret").encode("utf-16-le")
        user = to_unicode(user, "utf-8", param="user").lower().encode("utf-16-le")
        tmp = md4(md4(secret).digest() + user).digest()
        return pbkdf2(tmp, user, 10240, 16, 'hmac-sha1')

#=============================================================================
# eof
#=============================================================================