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author | Adam Chainz <adam@adamj.eu> | 2015-08-21 15:05:06 +0100 |
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committer | Adam Chainz <adam@adamj.eu> | 2015-08-21 15:16:34 +0100 |
commit | 5f186ad7fea780aeae97406f0d96fd0a8eff3bea (patch) | |
tree | 039a47de9529b5746e9102358acf4ece7fc7c405 /README.md | |
parent | 8f7879bafd3ba786f4480368eaee2ec27f25ddf6 (diff) | |
download | isort-5f186ad7fea780aeae97406f0d96fd0a8eff3bea.tar.gz |
Convert README to rst
Diffstat (limited to 'README.md')
-rw-r--r-- | README.md | 487 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 487 deletions
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4cc6c560..00000000 --- a/README.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,487 +0,0 @@ -![isort](https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/logo.png) -===== - -[![PyPI version](https://badge.fury.io/py/isort.png)](http://badge.fury.io/py/isort) -[![PyPi downloads](https://pypip.in/d/isort/badge.png)](https://crate.io/packages/isort/) -[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/timothycrosley/isort.png?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/timothycrosley/isort) -[![License](https://pypip.in/license/isort/badge.png)](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/isort/) -[![Bitdeli Badge](https://d2weczhvl823v0.cloudfront.net/timothycrosley/isort/trend.png)](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge") - -isort your python imports for you so you don't have to. - -isort is a Python utility / library to sort imports alphabetically, and automatically separated into sections. -It provides a command line utility, Python library and [plugins for various editors](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Plugins) to quickly sort all your imports. -It currently cleanly supports Python 2.6 - 3.5 using pies (https://github.com/timothycrosley/pies) to achieve this without ugly hacks and/or py2to3. - -Before isort: - - from my_lib import Object - - print("Hey") - - import os - - from my_lib import Object3 - - from my_lib import Object2 - - import sys - - from third_party import lib15, lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, lib5, lib6, lib7, lib8, lib9, lib10, lib11, lib12, lib13, lib14 - - import sys - - from __future__ import absolute_import - - from third_party import lib3 - - print("yo") - -After isort: - - from __future__ import absolute_import - - import os - import sys - - from third_party import (lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, lib5, lib6, lib7, lib8, - lib9, lib10, lib11, lib12, lib13, lib14, lib15) - - from my_lib import Object, Object2, Object3 - - print("Hey") - print("yo") - -Installing isort -=================== - -Installing isort is as simple as: - - pip install isort - -or if you prefer - - easy_install isort - -Using isort -=================== - -**from the command line**: - - isort mypythonfile.py mypythonfile2.py - -or recursively: - - isort -rc . - - *which is equivalent to* - - isort **/*.py - -or to see the proposed changes without applying them - - isort mypythonfile.py --diff - -finally, to atomically run isort against a project, only applying changes if they don't introduce syntax errors do: - - isort -rc --atomic . - -(Note: this is disabled by default as it keeps isort from being able to run against code written using a different version of Python) - -**from within Python**: - - from isort import SortImports - - SortImports("pythonfile.py") - -or - - from isort import SortImports - - new_contents = SortImports(file_contents=old_contents).output - -**from within Kate**: - - ctrl+[ - -or - - menu > Python > Sort Imports - -Installing isort's Kate plugin -=================== - -For KDE 4.13+ / Pate 2.0+: - - wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin.py --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin.py - wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin_ui.rc --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin_ui.rc - wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/katepart_isort.desktop --output-document ~/.kde/share/kde4/services/katepart_isort.desktop - -For all older versions: - - wget https://raw.github.com/timothycrosley/isort/master/kate_plugin/isort_plugin_old.py --output-document ~/.kde/share/apps/kate/pate/isort_plugin.py - -You will then need to restart kate and enable Python Plugins as well as the isort plugin itself. - -Installing isort's for your preferred text editor -=================== - -Several plugins have been written that enable to use isort from within a variety of text-editors. -You can find a full list of them [on the isort wiki](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Plugins). -Additionally, I will enthusiastically accept pull requests that include plugins for other text editors -and add documentation for them as I am notified. - -How does isort work? -==================== - -isort parses specified files for global level import lines (imports outside of try / excepts blocks, functions, etc..) -and puts them all at the top of the file grouped together by the type of import: - -- Future -- Python Standard Library -- Third Party -- Current Python Project -- Explicitly Local (. before import, as in: from . import x) -- Custom Separate Sections (Defined by forced_separate list in configuration file) -- Custom Sections (Defined by sections list in configuration file) - -Inside of each section the imports are sorted alphabetically. isort automatically removes duplicate python imports, -and wraps long from imports to the specified line length (defaults to 80). - -When will isort not work? -====================== - -If you ever have the situation where you need to have a try / except block in the middle of top-level imports or if -your import order is directly linked to precedence. - -For example: a common practice in Django settings files is importing * from various settings files to form -a new settings file. In this case if any of the imports change order you are changing the settings definition itself. - -However, you can configure isort to skip over just these files - or even to force certain imports to the top. - -Configuring isort -====================== - -If you find the default isort settings do not work well for your project, isort provides several ways to adjust -the behavior. - -To configure isort for a single user create a ~/.isort.cfg file: - - [settings] - line_length=120 - force_to_top=file1.py,file2.py - skip=file3.py,file4.py - known_future_library=future,pies - known_standard_library=std,std2 - known_third_party=randomthirdparty - known_first_party=mylib1,mylib2 - indent=' ' - multi_line_output=3 - length_sort=1 - forced_separate=django.contrib,django.utils - default_section=FIRSTPARTY - -Additionally, you can specify project level configuration simply by placing a .isort.cfg file at the root of your -project. isort will look up to 25 directories up, from the the file it is ran against, to find a project specific configuration. - -Or, if you prefer, you can add an isort section to your project's setup.cfg with any desired settings. - -You can then override any of these settings by using command line arguments, or by passing in override values to the -SortImports class. - -Finally, as of version 3.0 isort supports editorconfig files using the standard syntax defined here: -http://editorconfig.org/ - -Meaning you place any standard isort configuration parameters within a .editorconfig file under the *.py section -and they will be honored. - -For a full list of isort settings and their meanings [take a look at the isort wiki](https://github.com/timothycrosley/isort/wiki/isort-Settings). - -Multi line output modes -====================== - -You will notice above the "multi_line_output" setting. This setting defines how from imports wrap when they extend -past the line_length limit and has 6 possible settings: - -0 - Grid - - from third_party import (lib1, lib2, lib3, - lib4, lib5, ...) - -1 - Vertical - - from third_party import (lib1, - lib2, - lib3 - lib4, - lib5, - ...) - -2 - Hanging Indent - - from third_party import \ - lib1, lib2, lib3, \ - lib4, lib5, lib6 - -3 - Vertical Hanging Indent - - from third_party import ( - lib1, - lib2, - lib3, - lib4, - ) - -4 - Hanging Grid - - from third_party import ( - lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, - lib5, ...) - -5 - Hanging Grid Grouped - - from third_party import ( - lib1, lib2, lib3, lib4, - lib5, ... - ) - -Alternatively, you can set force_single_line to True (-sl on the command line) and every import will appear on its -own line - - from third_party import lib1 - from third_party import lib2 - from third_party import lib3 - ... - -Note: to change the how constant indents appear - simply change the indent property with the following accepted formats: -* Number of spaces you would like. For example: 4 would cause standard 4 space indentation. -* Tab -* A verbatim string with quotes around it. - -For example: - - " " - -is equivalent to 4 - -For the import styles that use parentheses, you can control whether or not to -include a trailing comma after the last import with the include_trailing_comma -option (defaults to false). - -Intelligently Balanced Multi-line Imports -====================== - -As of isort 3.1.0 support for balanced multi-line imports has been added. -With this enabled isort will dynamically change the import length to the one that produces the most balanced grid, -while staying below the maximum import length defined. - -Example: - - from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, - print_function, unicode_literals) - -Will be produced instead of: - - from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function, - unicode_literals) - -To enable this set 'balanced_wrapping' to True in your config or pass the -e option into the command line utility. - -Custom Sections and Ordering -============================ - -You can change the section order with `sections` option from the default of: - - FUTURE,STDLIB,THIRDPARTY,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER - -to your preference: - - sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,FIRSTPARTY,THIRDPARTY,LOCALFOLDER - -You also can define your own sections and thier order. - -Example: - - known_django=django - known_pandas=pandas,numpy - sections=FUTURE,STDLIB,DJANGO,THIRDPARTY,PANDAS,FIRSTPARTY,LOCALFOLDER - -would create two new sections with the specified known modules. - -Auto-comment import sections -====================== - -Some projects prefer to have import sections uniquely titled to aid in identifying the sections quickly -when visually scanning. isort can automate this as well. To do this simply set the import_heading_{section_name} -setting for each section you wish to have auto commented - to the desired comment. - -For Example: - - import_heading_stdlib=Standard Library - import_heading_firstparty=My Stuff - -Would lead to output looking like the following: - - # Standard Library - import os - import sys - - import django.settings - - # My Stuff - import myproject.test - -Ordering by import length -====================== - -isort also makes it easy to sort your imports by length, simply by setting the length_sort option to True. -This will result in the following output style: - - from evn.util import ( - Pool, - Dict, - Options, - Constant, - DecayDict, - UnexpectedCodePath, - ) - -Skip processing of imports (outside of configuration) -====================== - -To make isort ignore a single import simply add a comment at the end of the import line containing the text 'isort:skip' - - import module # isort:skip - -or - - from xyz import (abc, # isort:skip - yo, - hey) - -To make isort skip an entire file simply add the following to the modules doc string: 'isort:skip_file' - - """ my_module.py - Best module ever - - isort:skip_file - """ - - import b - import a - -Adding an import to multiple files -====================== - -isort makes it easy to add an import statement across multiple files, while being assured it's correctly placed. - -from the command line: - - isort -a "from __future__ import print_function" *.py - -from within Kate: - - ctrl+] - -or: - - menu > Python > Add Import - -Removing an import from multiple files -====================== - -isort makes it easy to remove an import from multiple files, without having to be concerned with how it was originally -formatted - -from the command line: - - isort -r "os.system" *.py - -from within Kate: - - ctrl+shift+] - -or: - - menu > Python > Remove Import - -Using isort to verify code -========================== - -The ```--check-only``` option ------------------------------ - -isort can also be used to used to verify that code is correctly formatted by running it with -c. -Any files that contain incorrectly sorted imports will be outputted to stderr. - - isort **/*.py -c -vb - - SUCCESS: /home/timothy/Projects/Open_Source/isort/isort_kate_plugin.py Everything Looks Good! - ERROR: /home/timothy/Projects/Open_Source/isort/isort/isort.py Imports are incorrectly sorted. - -One great place this can be used is with a pre-commit git hook, such as this one by @acdha: - -https://gist.github.com/acdha/8717683 - -Which can help to ensure a certain level of code quality throughout a project. - - -Git hook --------- - -isort provides a hook function that can be integrated into your Git pre-commit script to check -Python code before committing. - -To cause the commit to fail if there are isort errors (strict mode), include the following in -`.git/hooks/pre-commit`: - - from isort.hooks import git_hook - - if __name__ == '__main__': - sys.exit(git_hook(strict=True)) - -If you just want to display warnings, but allow the commit to happen anyway, call git_hook without -the `strict` parameter. - -Setuptools integration ----------------------- - -Upon installation, isort enables a setuptools command that checks Python files -declared by your project. - -Running ``python setup.py isort`` on the command line will check the files -listed in your ``py_modules`` and ``packages``. If any warning is found, -the command will exit with an error code:: - - $ python setup.py isort - -Also, to allow users to be able to use the command without having to install -isort themselves, add isort to the setup_requires of your setup() like so:: - - setup( - name="project", - packages=["project"], - - setup_requires=[ - "isort" - ] - ) - - - -Why isort? -====================== - -isort simply stands for import sort. It was originally called "sortImports" however I got tired of typing the extra -characters and came to the realization camelCase is not pythonic. - -I wrote isort because in an organization I used to work in the manager came in one day and decided all code must -have alphabetically sorted imports. The code base was huge - and he meant for us to do it by hand. However, being a -programmer - I'm too lazy to spend 8 hours mindlessly performing a function, but not too lazy to spend 16 -hours automating it. I was given permission to open source sortImports and here we are :) - --------------------------------------------- - -Thanks and I hope you find isort useful! - -~Timothy Crosley |