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"""
42. Storing files according to a custom storage system
``FileField`` and its variations can take a ``storage`` argument to specify how
and where files should be stored.
"""
import random
import tempfile
from django.db import models
from django.core.files.base import ContentFile
from django.core.files.storage import FileSystemStorage
temp_storage_location = tempfile.mkdtemp()
temp_storage = FileSystemStorage(location=temp_storage_location)
# Write out a file to be used as default content
temp_storage.save('tests/default.txt', ContentFile('default content'))
class Storage(models.Model):
def custom_upload_to(self, filename):
return 'foo'
def random_upload_to(self, filename):
# This returns a different result each time,
# to make sure it only gets called once.
return '%s/%s' % (random.randint(100, 999), filename)
normal = models.FileField(storage=temp_storage, upload_to='tests')
custom = models.FileField(storage=temp_storage, upload_to=custom_upload_to)
random = models.FileField(storage=temp_storage, upload_to=random_upload_to)
default = models.FileField(storage=temp_storage, upload_to='tests', default='tests/default.txt')
__test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
# Attempting to access a FileField from the class raises a descriptive error
>>> Storage.normal
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
AttributeError: The 'normal' attribute can only be accessed from Storage instances.
# An object without a file has limited functionality.
>>> obj1 = Storage()
>>> obj1.normal
<FieldFile: None>
>>> obj1.normal.size
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: The 'normal' attribute has no file associated with it.
# Saving a file enables full functionality.
>>> obj1.normal.save('django_test.txt', ContentFile('content'))
>>> obj1.normal
<FieldFile: tests/django_test.txt>
>>> obj1.normal.size
7
>>> obj1.normal.read()
'content'
# File objects can be assigned to FileField attributes, but shouldn't get
# committed until the model it's attached to is saved.
>>> from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile
>>> obj1.normal = SimpleUploadedFile('assignment.txt', 'content')
>>> dirs, files = temp_storage.listdir('tests')
>>> dirs
[]
>>> files.sort()
>>> files == ['default.txt', 'django_test.txt']
True
>>> obj1.save()
>>> dirs, files = temp_storage.listdir('tests')
>>> files.sort()
>>> files == ['assignment.txt', 'default.txt', 'django_test.txt']
True
# Files can be read in a little at a time, if necessary.
>>> obj1.normal.open()
>>> obj1.normal.read(3)
'con'
>>> obj1.normal.read()
'tent'
>>> '-'.join(obj1.normal.chunks(chunk_size=2))
'co-nt-en-t'
# Save another file with the same name.
>>> obj2 = Storage()
>>> obj2.normal.save('django_test.txt', ContentFile('more content'))
>>> obj2.normal
<FieldFile: tests/django_test_1.txt>
>>> obj2.normal.size
12
# Push the objects into the cache to make sure they pickle properly
>>> from django.core.cache import cache
>>> cache.set('obj1', obj1)
>>> cache.set('obj2', obj2)
>>> cache.get('obj2').normal
<FieldFile: tests/django_test_1.txt>
# Deleting an object deletes the file it uses, if there are no other objects
# still using that file.
>>> obj2.delete()
>>> obj2.normal.save('django_test.txt', ContentFile('more content'))
>>> obj2.normal
<FieldFile: tests/django_test_1.txt>
# Multiple files with the same name get _N appended to them.
>>> objs = [Storage() for i in range(3)]
>>> for o in objs:
... o.normal.save('multiple_files.txt', ContentFile('Same Content'))
>>> [o.normal for o in objs]
[<FieldFile: tests/multiple_files.txt>, <FieldFile: tests/multiple_files_1.txt>, <FieldFile: tests/multiple_files_2.txt>]
>>> for o in objs:
... o.delete()
# Default values allow an object to access a single file.
>>> obj3 = Storage.objects.create()
>>> obj3.default
<FieldFile: tests/default.txt>
>>> obj3.default.read()
'default content'
# But it shouldn't be deleted, even if there are no more objects using it.
>>> obj3.delete()
>>> obj3 = Storage()
>>> obj3.default.read()
'default content'
# Verify the fix for #5655, making sure the directory is only determined once.
>>> obj4 = Storage()
>>> obj4.random.save('random_file', ContentFile('random content'))
>>> obj4.random
<FieldFile: .../random_file>
# Clean up the temporary files and dir.
>>> obj1.normal.delete()
>>> obj2.normal.delete()
>>> obj3.default.delete()
>>> obj4.random.delete()
>>> import shutil
>>> shutil.rmtree(temp_storage_location)
"""}
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