Fixed #21977 -- Deprecated SimpleTestCase.urls

49 files changed, 275 insertions, 257 deletions

diff --git a/tests/admin_changelist/tests.py b/tests/admin_changelist/tests.py
index 431999d6d0..d89b0857ec 100644
--- a/tests/admin_changelist/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_changelist/tests.py
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ from .models import (Event, Child, Parent, Genre, Band, Musician, Group,
     UnorderedObject, OrderedObject, CustomIdUser)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="admin_changelist.urls")
 class ChangeListTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_changelist.urls"
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.factory = RequestFactory()
@@ -664,12 +664,12 @@ class AdminLogNodeTestCase(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(template.render(context), '')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_changelist.urls")
 class SeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['admin_changelist'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['users.json']
-    urls = "admin_changelist.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_add_row_selection(self):
diff --git a/tests/admin_custom_urls/tests.py b/tests/admin_custom_urls/tests.py
index 7f098b049b..f804036158 100644
--- a/tests/admin_custom_urls/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_custom_urls/tests.py
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 from .models import Action, Person, Car
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='admin_custom_urls.urls',)
 class AdminCustomUrlsTest(TestCase):
     """
     Remember that:
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ class AdminCustomUrlsTest(TestCase):
     * The ModelAdmin for Action customizes the add_view URL, it's
       '<app name>/<model name>/!add/'
     """
-    urls = 'admin_custom_urls.urls'
     fixtures = ['users.json', 'actions.json']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ class AdminCustomUrlsTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, 'value="path/to/html/document.html"')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='admin_custom_urls.urls',)
 class CustomRedirects(TestCase):
-    urls = 'admin_custom_urls.urls'
     fixtures = ['users.json', 'actions.json']
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/admin_docs/tests.py b/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
index 0f73e8dede..6eecb6af62 100644
--- a/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_docs/tests.py
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ from django.test import TestCase, modify_settings, override_settings
 from .models import Person, Company
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_docs.urls')
 class MiscTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'admin_docs.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         User.objects.create_superuser('super', None, 'secret')
@@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ class MiscTests(TestCase):
         self.client.get('/admindocs/views/')  # should not raise
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='admin_docs.urls')
 @unittest.skipUnless(utils.docutils_is_available, "no docutils installed.")
 class AdminDocViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['data.xml']
-    urls = 'admin_docs.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username='super', password='secret')
@@ -104,10 +104,10 @@ class AdminDocViewTests(TestCase):
             utils.docutils_is_available = True
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_docs.urls')
 class XViewMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['data.xml']
-    urls = 'admin_docs.urls'
 
     def test_xview_func(self):
         user = User.objects.get(username='super')
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ class XViewMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
 
 
 @unittest.skipUnless(utils.docutils_is_available, "no docutils installed.")
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_docs.urls')
 class DefaultRoleTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'admin_docs.urls'
 
     def test_parse_rst(self):
         """
@@ -183,7 +183,8 @@ class DefaultRoleTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(parts['fragment'], markup)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_docs.urls')
 @unittest.skipUnless(utils.docutils_is_available, "no docutils installed.")
 class TestModelDetailView(TestCase):
     """
@@ -191,7 +192,6 @@ class TestModelDetailView(TestCase):
     """
 
     fixtures = ['data.xml']
-    urls = 'admin_docs.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username='super', password='secret')
diff --git a/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py b/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
index 2f3fdfdf6c..4b654c9f95 100644
--- a/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_inlines/tests.py
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ from .models import (Holder, Inner, Holder2, Inner2, Holder3, Inner3, Person,
     SomeChildModel)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class TestInline(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ class TestInline(TestCase):
         )
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class TestInlineMedia(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -294,8 +294,8 @@ class TestInlineMedia(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, 'my_awesome_inline_scripts.js')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class TestInlineAdminForm(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
 
     def test_immutable_content_type(self):
         """Regression for #9362
@@ -313,9 +313,9 @@ class TestInlineAdminForm(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(iaf.original.content_type, parent_ct)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class TestInlineProtectedOnDelete(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -350,13 +350,13 @@ class TestInlineProtectedOnDelete(TestCase):
                             % (chapter, foot_note))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class TestInlinePermissions(TestCase):
     """
     Make sure the admin respects permissions for objects that are edited
     inline. Refs #8060.
 
     """
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.user = User(username='admin')
@@ -546,12 +546,12 @@ class TestInlinePermissions(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, 'id="id_inner2_set-0-DELETE"')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_inlines.urls")
 class SeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['admin_inlines'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_inlines.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_add_stackeds(self):
diff --git a/tests/admin_scripts/tests.py b/tests/admin_scripts/tests.py
index 90fd3520e2..43a1227ad8 100644
--- a/tests/admin_scripts/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_scripts/tests.py
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ from django.db import connection
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils._os import npath, upath
 from django.utils.six import StringIO
-from django.test import LiveServerTestCase, TestCase
+from django.test import LiveServerTestCase, TestCase, override_settings
 from django.test.runner import DiscoverRunner
 from django.test.utils import str_prefix
 
@@ -1631,9 +1631,9 @@ class ArgumentOrder(AdminScriptTestCase):
         self.assertOutput(out, str_prefix("EXECUTE:BaseCommand labels=('testlabel',), options=[('no_color', False), ('option_a', 'x'), ('option_b', %%s), ('option_c', '3'), ('pythonpath', None), ('settings', 'alternate_settings'), ('traceback', None), ('verbosity', %(_)s'1')]") % option_b)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_scripts.urls')
 class StartProject(LiveServerTestCase, AdminScriptTestCase):
 
-    urls = 'admin_scripts.urls'
     available_apps = [
         'admin_scripts',
         'django.contrib.auth',
diff --git a/tests/admin_views/tests.py b/tests/admin_views/tests.py
index bd20afa92f..11463b6714 100644
--- a/tests/admin_views/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_views/tests.py
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ ADMIN_VIEW_TEMPLATES_DIR = settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS + (os.path.join(os.path.dirnam
 
 
 @override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls",
                    USE_I18N=True, USE_L10N=False, LANGUAGE_CODE='en')
 class AdminViewBasicTestCase(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-colors.xml',
@@ -74,8 +75,6 @@ class AdminViewBasicTestCase(TestCase):
     # this test case and changing urlbit.
     urlbit = 'admin'
 
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
-
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username='super', password='secret')
 
@@ -747,9 +746,9 @@ class AdminCustomTemplateTests(AdminViewBasicTestCase):
         self.assertTemplateUsed(response, 'custom_filter_template.html')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewFormUrlTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ["admin-views-users.xml"]
     urlbit = "admin3"
 
@@ -781,12 +780,11 @@ class AdminViewFormUrlTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, 'value="overridden_value"')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminJavaScriptTest(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
-
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username='super', password='secret')
 
@@ -827,9 +825,9 @@ class AdminJavaScriptTest(TestCase):
             self.assertNotContains(response, 'inlines.min.js')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class SaveAsTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-person.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -858,8 +856,8 @@ class SaveAsTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context['form_url'], '/test_admin/admin/admin_views/person/add/')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class CustomModelAdminTest(AdminViewBasicTestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     urlbit = "admin2"
 
     def testCustomAdminSiteLoginForm(self):
@@ -937,11 +935,11 @@ def get_perm(Model, perm):
     return Permission.objects.get(content_type=ct, codename=perm)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewPermissionsTest(TestCase):
     """Tests for Admin Views Permissions."""
 
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1465,11 +1463,11 @@ class AdminViewPermissionsTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.url, 'http://example.com/dummy/foo/')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewsNoUrlTest(TestCase):
     """Regression test for #17333"""
 
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1496,9 +1494,9 @@ class AdminViewsNoUrlTest(TestCase):
         self.client.get('/test_admin/admin/logout/')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewDeletedObjectsTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'deleted-objects.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1614,9 +1612,9 @@ class AdminViewDeletedObjectsTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, should_contain)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewStringPrimaryKeyTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'string-primary-key.xml']
 
     def __init__(self, *args):
@@ -1748,12 +1746,12 @@ class AdminViewStringPrimaryKeyTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '<a href="%s" class="historylink"' % expected_link)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class SecureViewTests(TestCase):
     """
     Test behavior of a view protected by the staff_member_required decorator.
     """
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def tearDown(self):
@@ -1771,9 +1769,9 @@ class SecureViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context[REDIRECT_FIELD_NAME], secure_url)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewUnicodeTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-unicode.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1826,9 +1824,9 @@ class AdminViewUnicodeTest(TestCase):
         self.assertRedirects(response, '/test_admin/admin/admin_views/book/')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewListEditable(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-person.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -2203,9 +2201,9 @@ class AdminViewListEditable(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '<th class="field-id"><a href="%s">%d</a></th>' % (link2, story2.id), 1)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminSearchTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users', 'multiple-child-classes',
                 'admin-views-person']
 
@@ -2274,9 +2272,9 @@ class AdminSearchTest(TestCase):
             html=True)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminInheritedInlinesTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -2362,9 +2360,9 @@ class AdminInheritedInlinesTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(Persona.objects.all()[0].accounts.count(), 2)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminActionsTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-actions.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -2631,9 +2629,9 @@ action)</option>
         self.assertEqual(response.template_name, 'admin/popup_response.html')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class TestCustomChangeList(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
     urlbit = 'admin'
 
@@ -2660,9 +2658,9 @@ class TestCustomChangeList(TestCase):
         self.assertNotContains(response, 'First Gadget')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class TestInlineNotEditable(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -2680,9 +2678,9 @@ class TestInlineNotEditable(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminCustomQuerysetTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -2925,9 +2923,9 @@ class AdminCustomQuerysetTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.client.get('/test_admin/admin/admin_views/filteredmanager/2/history/').status_code, 200)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminInlineFileUploadTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-actions.xml']
     urlbit = 'admin'
 
@@ -2972,9 +2970,9 @@ class AdminInlineFileUploadTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, b"Currently")
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminInlineTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3291,9 +3289,9 @@ class AdminInlineTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(Category.objects.get(id=4).order, 0)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class NeverCacheTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-colors.xml', 'admin-views-fabrics.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3365,9 +3363,9 @@ class NeverCacheTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(get_max_age(response), None)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class PrePopulatedTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3401,12 +3399,12 @@ class PrePopulatedTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, "maxLength: 1000")  # instead of 1,000
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class SeleniumAdminViewsFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['admin_views'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_prepopulated_fields(self):
@@ -3597,9 +3595,9 @@ class SeleniumAdminViewsIETests(SeleniumAdminViewsFirefoxTests):
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.ie.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class ReadonlyTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3708,9 +3706,9 @@ class ReadonlyTest(TestCase):
         self.assertNotContains(response, "Some help text for the date (with unicode ŠĐĆŽćžšđ)")
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class LimitChoicesToInAdminTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3735,9 +3733,9 @@ class LimitChoicesToInAdminTest(TestCase):
         self.assertNotContains(response, marley.username)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class RawIdFieldsTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3815,12 +3813,12 @@ class RawIdFieldsTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response2, "Palin")
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class UserAdminTest(TestCase):
     """
     Tests user CRUD functionality.
     """
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3922,12 +3920,12 @@ class UserAdminTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context['form_url'], 'pony')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class GroupAdminTest(TestCase):
     """
     Tests group CRUD functionality.
     """
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -3959,9 +3957,9 @@ class GroupAdminTest(TestCase):
             self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class CSSTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4084,9 +4082,9 @@ except ImportError:
 
 
 @unittest.skipUnless(docutils, "no docutils installed.")
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminDocsTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4127,9 +4125,9 @@ class AdminDocsTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '<li><a href="#built_in-add">add</a></li>', html=True)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class ValidXHTMLTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
     urlbit = 'admin'
 
@@ -4152,9 +4150,9 @@ class ValidXHTMLTests(TestCase):
 
 
 @override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls",
                    USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR=True, USE_L10N=True)
 class DateHierarchyTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4274,13 +4272,13 @@ class DateHierarchyTests(TestCase):
             self.assert_non_localized_year(response, 2005)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminCustomSaveRelatedTests(TestCase):
     """
     Ensure that one can easily customize the way related objects are saved.
     Refs #16115.
     """
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4343,9 +4341,9 @@ class AdminCustomSaveRelatedTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(['Catherine Stone', 'Paul Stone'], children_names)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewLogoutTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4372,9 +4370,9 @@ class AdminViewLogoutTest(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '<input type="hidden" name="next" value="/test_admin/admin/" />')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminUserMessageTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4430,9 +4428,9 @@ class AdminUserMessageTest(TestCase):
                             html=True)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminKeepChangeListFiltersTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
     admin_site = site
 
@@ -4716,11 +4714,11 @@ class NamespacedAdminKeepChangeListFiltersTests(AdminKeepChangeListFiltersTests)
     admin_site = site2
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class TestLabelVisibility(TestCase):
     """ #11277 -Labels of hidden fields in admin were not hidden. """
 
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4757,9 +4755,9 @@ class TestLabelVisibility(TestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '<div class="form-row hidden')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class AdminViewOnSiteTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-restaurants.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -4878,9 +4876,9 @@ class AdminViewOnSiteTests(TestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(model_admin.get_view_on_site_url(Worker()))
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class InlineAdminViewOnSiteTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
     fixtures = ['admin-views-users.xml', 'admin-views-restaurants.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py b/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
index 86fb611f00..5a912e2fa3 100644
--- a/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
+++ b/tests/admin_widgets/tests.py
@@ -181,10 +181,10 @@ class AdminFormfieldForDBFieldTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(six.text_type(f.help_text), 'Hold down "Control", or "Command" on a Mac, to select more than one.')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class AdminFormfieldForDBFieldWithRequestTests(DjangoTestCase):
     fixtures = ["admin-widgets-users.xml"]
-    urls = 'admin_widgets.urls'
 
     def testFilterChoicesByRequestUser(self):
         """
@@ -196,10 +196,10 @@ class AdminFormfieldForDBFieldWithRequestTests(DjangoTestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, "Volkswagon Passat")
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class AdminForeignKeyWidgetChangeList(DjangoTestCase):
     fixtures = ["admin-widgets-users.xml"]
-    urls = 'admin_widgets.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username="super", password="secret")
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ class AdminForeignKeyWidgetChangeList(DjangoTestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, '/auth/user/add/')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class AdminForeignKeyRawIdWidget(DjangoTestCase):
     fixtures = ["admin-widgets-users.xml"]
-    urls = 'admin_widgets.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.client.login(username="super", password="secret")
@@ -391,8 +391,8 @@ class AdminFileWidgetTest(DjangoTestCase):
         )
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class ForeignKeyRawIdWidgetTest(DjangoTestCase):
-    urls = 'admin_widgets.urls'
 
     def test_render(self):
         band = models.Band.objects.create(name='Linkin Park')
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@ class ForeignKeyRawIdWidgetTest(DjangoTestCase):
         )
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class ManyToManyRawIdWidgetTest(DjangoTestCase):
-    urls = 'admin_widgets.urls'
 
     def test_render(self):
         band = models.Band.objects.create(name='Linkin Park')
@@ -518,12 +518,12 @@ class RelatedFieldWidgetWrapperTests(DjangoTestCase):
         self.assertFalse(w.can_add_related)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class DateTimePickerSeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['admin_widgets'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-widgets-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_widgets.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_show_hide_date_time_picker_widgets(self):
@@ -652,11 +652,11 @@ class DateTimePickerSeleniumIETests(DateTimePickerSeleniumFirefoxTests):
 
 @skipIf(pytz is None, "this test requires pytz")
 @override_settings(TIME_ZONE='Asia/Singapore')
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class DateTimePickerShortcutsSeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
     available_apps = ['admin_widgets'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-widgets-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_widgets.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_date_time_picker_shortcuts(self):
@@ -720,12 +720,12 @@ class DateTimePickerShortcutsSeleniumIETests(DateTimePickerShortcutsSeleniumFire
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.ie.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class HorizontalVerticalFilterSeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['admin_widgets'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-widgets-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_widgets.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -964,11 +964,11 @@ class HorizontalVerticalFilterSeleniumIETests(HorizontalVerticalFilterSeleniumFi
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.ie.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class AdminRawIdWidgetSeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
     available_apps = ['admin_widgets'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-widgets-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_widgets.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1055,11 +1055,11 @@ class AdminRawIdWidgetSeleniumIETests(AdminRawIdWidgetSeleniumFirefoxTests):
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.ie.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='admin_widgets.urls')
 class RelatedFieldWidgetSeleniumFirefoxTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
     available_apps = ['admin_widgets'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
     fixtures = ['admin-widgets-users.xml']
-    urls = "admin_widgets.urls"
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     def test_foreign_key_using_to_field(self):
diff --git a/tests/cache/tests.py b/tests/cache/tests.py
index e6bde06842..c3aea981fc 100644
--- a/tests/cache/tests.py
+++ b/tests/cache/tests.py
@@ -2007,9 +2007,9 @@ class TestWithTemplateResponse(TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(response.has_header('ETag'))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="admin_views.urls")
 class TestEtagWithAdmin(TestCase):
     # See https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/16003
-    urls = "admin_views.urls"
 
     def test_admin(self):
         with self.settings(USE_ETAGS=False):
diff --git a/tests/conditional_processing/tests.py b/tests/conditional_processing/tests.py
index 2c832e527c..162a405d91 100644
--- a/tests/conditional_processing/tests.py
+++ b/tests/conditional_processing/tests.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 
 FULL_RESPONSE = 'Test conditional get response'
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ ETAG = 'b4246ffc4f62314ca13147c9d4f76974'
 EXPIRED_ETAG = '7fae4cd4b0f81e7d2914700043aa8ed6'
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='conditional_processing.urls')
 class ConditionalGet(TestCase):
-    urls = 'conditional_processing.urls'
 
     def assertFullResponse(self, response, check_last_modified=True, check_etag=True):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
diff --git a/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py b/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
index 085ad2ec89..0f260a0b9b 100644
--- a/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/contenttypes_tests/tests.py
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from .models import Author, Article, SchemeIncludedURL
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='contenttypes_tests.urls')
 class ContentTypesViewsTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
-    urls = 'contenttypes_tests.urls'
 
     def test_shortcut_with_absolute_url(self):
         "Can view a shortcut for an Author object that has a get_absolute_url method"
diff --git a/tests/context_processors/tests.py b/tests/context_processors/tests.py
index cfac38bfdc..98342f28c2 100644
--- a/tests/context_processors/tests.py
+++ b/tests/context_processors/tests.py
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 """
 Tests for Django's bundled context processors.
 """
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='context_processors.urls')
 class RequestContextProcessorTests(TestCase):
     """
     Tests for the ``django.core.context_processors.request`` processor.
     """
 
-    urls = 'context_processors.urls'
-
     def test_request_attributes(self):
         """
         Test that the request object is available in the template and that its
diff --git a/tests/deprecation/tests.py b/tests/deprecation/tests.py
index 4d69963cfc..185971dffa 100644
--- a/tests/deprecation/tests.py
+++ b/tests/deprecation/tests.py
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
+import os
+import unittest
 import warnings
 
 from django.test import SimpleTestCase, RequestFactory, override_settings
 from django.utils import six, translation
 from django.utils.deprecation import RenameMethodsBase
+from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 from django.utils.functional import memoize
 
 
@@ -220,3 +223,26 @@ class DeprecatingMemoizeTest(SimpleTestCase):
             self.assertEqual(msg,
                 'memoize wrapper is deprecated and will be removed in Django '
                 '1.9. Use django.utils.lru_cache instead.')
+
+
+class DeprecatingSimpleTestCaseUrls(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def test_deprecation(self):
+        """
+        Ensure the correct warning is raised when SimpleTestCase.urls is used.
+        """
+        class TempTestCase(SimpleTestCase):
+            urls = 'tests.urls'
+
+            def test(self):
+                pass
+
+        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as recorded:
+            suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TempTestCase)
+            with open(os.devnull, 'w') as devnull:
+                unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=devnull, verbosity=2).run(suite)
+                msg = force_text(recorded.pop().message)
+                self.assertEqual(msg,
+                    "SimpleTestCase.urls is deprecated and will be removed in "
+                    "Django 2.0. Use @override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF=...) "
+                    "in TempTestCase instead.")
diff --git a/tests/file_storage/tests.py b/tests/file_storage/tests.py
index 4ffba851eb..e4c8622d0b 100644
--- a/tests/file_storage/tests.py
+++ b/tests/file_storage/tests.py
@@ -641,13 +641,13 @@ class ContentFileStorageTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.storage.save('unicode.txt', ContentFile("español"))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='file_storage.urls')
 class FileLikeObjectTestCase(LiveServerTestCase):
     """
     Test file-like objects (#15644).
     """
 
     available_apps = []
-    urls = 'file_storage.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
diff --git a/tests/file_uploads/tests.py b/tests/file_uploads/tests.py
index e86883fc25..35adb7c1ab 100644
--- a/tests/file_uploads/tests.py
+++ b/tests/file_uploads/tests.py
@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ MEDIA_ROOT = sys_tempfile.mkdtemp()
 UPLOAD_TO = os.path.join(MEDIA_ROOT, 'test_upload')
 
 
-@override_settings(MEDIA_ROOT=MEDIA_ROOT)
+@override_settings(MEDIA_ROOT=MEDIA_ROOT, ROOT_URLCONF='file_uploads.urls')
 class FileUploadTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'file_uploads.urls'
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpClass(cls):
diff --git a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_widgets.py b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_widgets.py
index 8f21523a98..b5c091a8e6 100644
--- a/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_widgets.py
+++ b/tests/forms_tests/tests/test_widgets.py
@@ -1112,10 +1112,10 @@ class WidgetTests(TestCase):
             self.assertFalse(form.is_valid())
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='forms_tests.urls')
 class LiveWidgetTests(AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase):
 
     available_apps = ['forms_tests'] + AdminSeleniumWebDriverTestCase.available_apps
-    urls = 'forms_tests.urls'
 
     def test_textarea_trailing_newlines(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
index 3dcc4db768..30513041d6 100644
--- a/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
+++ b/tests/generic_inline_admin/tests.py
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ from .models import (Episode, EpisodeExtra, EpisodeMaxNum, Media,
 
 
 @override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
-                   TEMPLATE_DEBUG=True)
+                   TEMPLATE_DEBUG=True,
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="generic_inline_admin.urls")
 class GenericAdminViewTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "generic_inline_admin.urls"
     fixtures = ['users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ class GenericAdminViewTest(TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(formset.get_queryset().ordered)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="generic_inline_admin.urls")
 class GenericInlineAdminParametersTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "generic_inline_admin.urls"
     fixtures = ['users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ class GenericInlineAdminParametersTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(formset.initial_form_count(), 1)
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="generic_inline_admin.urls")
 class GenericInlineAdminWithUniqueTogetherTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "generic_inline_admin.urls"
     fixtures = ['users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ class GenericInlineAdminWithUniqueTogetherTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)  # redirect somewhere
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="generic_inline_admin.urls")
 class NoInlineDeletionTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "generic_inline_admin.urls"
 
     def test_no_deletion(self):
         fake_site = object()
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@ request = MockRequest()
 request.user = MockSuperUser()
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="generic_inline_admin.urls")
 class GenericInlineModelAdminTest(TestCase):
-    urls = "generic_inline_admin.urls"
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.site = AdminSite()
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_base.py b/tests/generic_views/test_base.py
index 311ecf29af..b23c4582e5 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_base.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_base.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import unittest
 
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 from django.http import HttpResponse
-from django.test import TestCase, RequestFactory
+from django.test import TestCase, RequestFactory, override_settings
 from django.views.generic import View, TemplateView, RedirectView
 
 from . import views
@@ -238,8 +238,8 @@ class ViewTest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 405)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class TemplateViewTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     rf = RequestFactory()
 
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ class TemplateViewTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response['Content-Type'], 'text/plain')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class RedirectViewTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     rf = RequestFactory()
 
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py b/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
index 07cb13a3ca..a293483893 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_dates.py
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ def _make_books(n, base_date):
             pubdate=base_date - datetime.timedelta(days=i))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class ArchiveIndexViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_archive_view(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/')
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ class ArchiveIndexViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(list(res.context['date_list']), list(reversed(sorted(res.context['date_list']))))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class YearArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_year_view(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/2008/')
@@ -206,9 +206,9 @@ class YearArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(list(res.context['date_list']), list(sorted(res.context['date_list'])))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class MonthArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_month_view(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/2008/oct/')
@@ -333,9 +333,9 @@ class MonthArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(list(res.context['date_list']), list(sorted(res.context['date_list'])))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class WeekArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_week_view(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/2008/week/39/')
@@ -430,9 +430,9 @@ class WeekArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res.status_code, 200)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class DayArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_day_view(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/2008/oct/01/')
@@ -548,9 +548,9 @@ class DayArchiveViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(res.status_code, 404)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class DateDetailViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_date_detail_by_pk(self):
         res = self.client.get('/dates/books/2008/oct/01/1/')
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_detail.py b/tests/generic_views/test_detail.py
index 7fdbd76ce0..3f535e6f91 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_detail.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_detail.py
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured, ObjectDoesNotExist
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 from django.views.generic.base import View
 
 from .models import Artist, Author, Page
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class DetailViewTest(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_simple_object(self):
         res = self.client.get('/detail/obj/')
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_edit.py b/tests/generic_views/test_edit.py
index 86a02603f6..f58b82b88a 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_edit.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_edit.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from unittest import expectedFailure
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
 from django import forms
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 from django.test.client import RequestFactory
 from django.views.generic.base import View
 from django.views.generic.edit import FormMixin, ModelFormMixin, CreateView
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ class FormMixinTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(test_string, set_kwargs.get('prefix'))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class BasicFormTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_post_data(self):
         res = self.client.post('/contact/', {'name': "Me", 'message': "Hello"})
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ class ModelFormMixinTests(TestCase):
                          mixin.get_form_kwargs())
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class CreateViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_create(self):
         res = self.client.get('/edit/authors/create/')
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ class CreateViewTests(TestCase):
             MyCreateView().get_form_class()
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class UpdateViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_update_post(self):
         a = Author.objects.create(
@@ -305,8 +305,8 @@ class UpdateViewTests(TestCase):
         self.assertQuerysetEqual(Author.objects.all(), ['<Author: Randall Munroe (xkcd)>'])
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class DeleteViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_delete_by_post(self):
         a = Author.objects.create(**{'name': 'Randall Munroe', 'slug': 'randall-munroe'})
diff --git a/tests/generic_views/test_list.py b/tests/generic_views/test_list.py
index a6a5c76ff8..8c5c023e4c 100644
--- a/tests/generic_views/test_list.py
+++ b/tests/generic_views/test_list.py
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from .models import Author, Artist
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='generic_views.urls')
 class ListViewTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['generic-views-test-data.json']
-    urls = 'generic_views.urls'
 
     def test_items(self):
         res = self.client.get('/list/dict/')
diff --git a/tests/handlers/tests.py b/tests/handlers/tests.py
index ae8b9529f5..b36d8dbfdd 100644
--- a/tests/handlers/tests.py
+++ b/tests/handlers/tests.py
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ class HandlerTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(request.COOKIES['want'], force_str("café"))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='handlers.urls')
 class TransactionsPerRequestTests(TransactionTestCase):
 
     available_apps = []
-    urls = 'handlers.urls'
 
     def test_no_transaction(self):
         response = self.client.get('/in_transaction/')
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ class TransactionsPerRequestTests(TransactionTestCase):
         self.assertContains(response, 'False')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='handlers.urls')
 class SignalsTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'handlers.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.signals = []
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@ class SignalsTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.signals, ['started', 'finished'])
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='handlers.urls')
 class HandlerSuspiciousOpsTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'handlers.urls'
 
     def test_suspiciousop_in_view_returns_400(self):
         response = self.client.get('/suspicious/')
diff --git a/tests/i18n/patterns/tests.py b/tests/i18n/patterns/tests.py
index a96fe1f54f..93284578b0 100644
--- a/tests/i18n/patterns/tests.py
+++ b/tests/i18n/patterns/tests.py
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ class PermanentRedirectLocaleMiddleWare(LocaleMiddleware):
         'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
         'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     ),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='i18n.patterns.urls.default',
 )
 class URLTestCaseBase(TestCase):
     """
     TestCase base-class for the URL tests.
     """
-    urls = 'i18n.patterns.urls.default'
 
     def setUp(self):
         # Make sure the cache is empty before we are doing our tests.
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ class URLPrefixTests(URLTestCaseBase):
         self.assertRaises(ImproperlyConfigured, lambda: reverse('account:register'))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='i18n.patterns.urls.disabled')
 class URLDisabledTests(URLTestCaseBase):
-    urls = 'i18n.patterns.urls.disabled'
 
     @override_settings(USE_I18N=False)
     def test_prefixed_i18n_disabled(self):
@@ -84,12 +84,12 @@ class URLDisabledTests(URLTestCaseBase):
             self.assertEqual(reverse('prefixed'), '/prefixed/')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='i18n.patterns.urls.path_unused')
 class PathUnusedTests(URLTestCaseBase):
     """
     Check that if no i18n_patterns is used in root urlconfs, then no
     language activation happens based on url prefix.
     """
-    urls = 'i18n.patterns.urls.path_unused'
 
     def test_no_lang_activate(self):
         response = self.client.get('/nl/foo/')
diff --git a/tests/i18n/tests.py b/tests/i18n/tests.py
index 9501849e09..eee9896266 100644
--- a/tests/i18n/tests.py
+++ b/tests/i18n/tests.py
@@ -1261,11 +1261,10 @@ class MultipleLocaleActivationTests(TestCase):
         'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
         'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     ),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='i18n.urls',
 )
 class LocaleMiddlewareTests(TestCase):
 
-    urls = 'i18n.urls'
-
     def test_streaming_response(self):
         # Regression test for #5241
         response = self.client.get('/fr/streaming/')
@@ -1299,11 +1298,10 @@ class LocaleMiddlewareTests(TestCase):
         'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
         'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     ),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='i18n.urls'
 )
 class CountrySpecificLanguageTests(TestCase):
 
-    urls = 'i18n.urls'
-
     def setUp(self):
         super(CountrySpecificLanguageTests, self).setUp()
         self.rf = RequestFactory()
diff --git a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
index 34ed24dc6a..a213b591fb 100644
--- a/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/logging_tests/tests.py
@@ -363,11 +363,9 @@ class SetupConfigureLogging(TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(dictConfig.called)
 
 
-@override_settings(DEBUG=True)
+@override_settings(DEBUG=True, ROOT_URLCONF='logging_tests.urls')
 class SecurityLoggerTest(TestCase):
 
-    urls = 'logging_tests.urls'
-
     def test_suspicious_operation_creates_log_message(self):
         with patch_logger('django.security.SuspiciousOperation', 'error') as calls:
             self.client.get('/suspicious/')
diff --git a/tests/middleware/tests.py b/tests/middleware/tests.py
index 6974cd9ad7..98420501a6 100644
--- a/tests/middleware/tests.py
+++ b/tests/middleware/tests.py
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ from django.utils.encoding import force_str
 from django.utils.six.moves import xrange
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='middleware.urls')
 class CommonMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'middleware.urls'
 
     def _get_request(self, path):
         request = HttpRequest()
@@ -303,8 +303,8 @@ class BrokenLinkEmailsMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(mail.outbox), 1)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='middleware.cond_get_urls')
 class ConditionalGetMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'middleware.cond_get_urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.req = HttpRequest()
diff --git a/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py b/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
index 406f0f8fea..63f4fa7b70 100644
--- a/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
+++ b/tests/middleware_exceptions/tests.py
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ class BadExceptionMiddleware(TestMiddleware):
         raise TestException('Test Exception Exception')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='middleware_exceptions.urls')
 class BaseMiddlewareExceptionTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'middleware_exceptions.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.exceptions = []
@@ -779,8 +779,8 @@ class BadMiddlewareTests(BaseMiddlewareExceptionTest):
 _missing = object()
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='middleware_exceptions.urls')
 class RootUrlconfTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'middleware_exceptions.urls'
 
     @override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF=None)
     def test_missing_root_urlconf(self):
diff --git a/tests/model_permalink/tests.py b/tests/model_permalink/tests.py
index ef682ed0e8..6d508c282e 100644
--- a/tests/model_permalink/tests.py
+++ b/tests/model_permalink/tests.py
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 from .models import Guitarist
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='model_permalink.urls')
 class PermalinkTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'model_permalink.urls'
 
     def test_permalink(self):
         g = Guitarist(name='Adrien Moignard', slug='adrienmoignard')
diff --git a/tests/proxy_models/tests.py b/tests/proxy_models/tests.py
index 0f2b5349be..0052ff4630 100644
--- a/tests/proxy_models/tests.py
+++ b/tests/proxy_models/tests.py
@@ -368,10 +368,10 @@ class ProxyModelTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(MyPerson(id=100), Person(id=100))
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='proxy_models.urls',)
 class ProxyModelAdminTests(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['myhorses']
-    urls = 'proxy_models.urls'
 
     def test_cascade_delete_proxy_model_admin_warning(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/resolve_url/tests.py b/tests/resolve_url/tests.py
index 4fdf2a9fe1..542d325e8e 100644
--- a/tests/resolve_url/tests.py
+++ b/tests/resolve_url/tests.py
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 from django.core.urlresolvers import NoReverseMatch
 from django.contrib.auth.views import logout
 from django.shortcuts import resolve_url
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 from .models import UnimportantThing
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='resolve_url.urls')
 class ResolveUrlTests(TestCase):
     """
     Tests for the ``resolve_url`` function.
     """
-    urls = 'resolve_url.urls'
 
     def test_url_path(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/servers/tests.py b/tests/servers/tests.py
index 6e31da340a..2331a0ddce 100644
--- a/tests/servers/tests.py
+++ b/tests/servers/tests.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ TEST_SETTINGS = {
 }
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='servers.urls')
 class LiveServerBase(LiveServerTestCase):
 
     available_apps = [
@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@ class LiveServerBase(LiveServerTestCase):
         'django.contrib.sessions',
     ]
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
-    urls = 'servers.urls'
 
     @classmethod
     def setUpClass(cls):
diff --git a/tests/staticfiles_tests/tests.py b/tests/staticfiles_tests/tests.py
index 4d2ba30c8c..996e86e130 100644
--- a/tests/staticfiles_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/staticfiles_tests/tests.py
@@ -735,11 +735,11 @@ class TestCollectionLinks(CollectionTestCase, TestDefaults):
         self.assertTrue(os.path.islink(path))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='staticfiles_tests.urls.default')
 class TestServeStatic(StaticFilesTestCase):
     """
     Test static asset serving view.
     """
-    urls = 'staticfiles_tests.urls.default'
 
     def _response(self, filepath):
         return self.client.get(
@@ -771,11 +771,11 @@ class TestServeStaticWithDefaultURL(TestServeStatic, TestDefaults):
     pass
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='staticfiles_tests.urls.helper')
 class TestServeStaticWithURLHelper(TestServeStatic, TestDefaults):
     """
     Test static asset serving view with staticfiles_urlpatterns helper.
     """
-    urls = 'staticfiles_tests.urls.helper'
 
 
 class TestServeAdminMedia(TestServeStatic):
diff --git a/tests/syndication_tests/tests.py b/tests/syndication_tests/tests.py
index b5d1ec4bfc..ce70b038cd 100644
--- a/tests/syndication_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/syndication_tests/tests.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ except ImportError:
 
 from django.contrib.syndication import views
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 from django.test.utils import requires_tz_support
 from django.utils.feedgenerator import rfc2822_date, rfc3339_date
 from django.utils import timezone
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ class FeedTestCase(TestCase):
 ######################################
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='syndication_tests.urls')
 class SyndicationFeedTest(FeedTestCase):
     """
     Tests for the high-level syndication feed framework.
     """
-    urls = 'syndication_tests.urls'
 
     def test_rss2_feed(self):
         """
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/test_response.py b/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
index 48a7b89029..ce2cc4a2c8 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/test_response.py
@@ -302,10 +302,10 @@ class TemplateResponseTest(TestCase):
 @override_settings(
     MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES=list(settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES) + [
         'template_tests.test_response.CustomURLConfMiddleware'
-    ]
+    ],
+    ROOT_URLCONF='template_tests.urls',
 )
 class CustomURLConfTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'template_tests.urls'
 
     def test_custom_urlconf(self):
         response = self.client.get('/template_response_view/')
@@ -318,10 +318,10 @@ class CustomURLConfTest(TestCase):
     MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES=list(settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES) + [
         'django.middleware.cache.FetchFromCacheMiddleware',
         'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware',
-    ]
+    ],
+    ROOT_URLCONF='template_tests.alternate_urls',
 )
 class CacheMiddlewareTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'template_tests.alternate_urls'
 
     def test_middleware_caching(self):
         response = self.client.get('/template_response_view/')
diff --git a/tests/template_tests/tests.py b/tests/template_tests/tests.py
index 00ef9f41cf..cd4a6b783a 100644
--- a/tests/template_tests/tests.py
+++ b/tests/template_tests/tests.py
@@ -529,9 +529,9 @@ class TemplateRegressionTests(TestCase):
 @override_settings(MEDIA_URL="/media/", STATIC_URL="/static/",
                    TEMPLATE_DEBUG=False, ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS=(
                        os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(upath(__file__))),),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='template_tests.urls',
                    )
 class TemplateTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'template_tests.urls'
 
     def test_templates(self):
         template_tests = self.get_template_tests()
diff --git a/tests/test_client/tests.py b/tests/test_client/tests.py
index a29d627000..5f4d7c11db 100644
--- a/tests/test_client/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_client/tests.py
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ from django.test import override_settings
 from .views import get_view
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client.urls',)
 class ClientTest(TestCase):
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
-    urls = 'test_client.urls'
 
     def test_get_view(self):
         "GET a view"
@@ -499,10 +499,10 @@ class ClientTest(TestCase):
 
 
 @override_settings(
-    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES=('django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',)
+    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES=('django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='test_client.urls',
 )
 class CSRFEnabledClientTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client.urls'
 
     def test_csrf_enabled_client(self):
         "A client can be instantiated with CSRF checks enabled"
@@ -529,8 +529,8 @@ class CustomTestClientTest(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(hasattr(self.client, "i_am_customized"), True)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client.urls')
 class RequestFactoryTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client.urls'
 
     def test_request_factory(self):
         factory = RequestFactory()
diff --git a/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py b/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
index d25d36b09f..59cc46b567 100644
--- a/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_client_regress/tests.py
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ from .views import CustomTestException
 
 
 @override_settings(
-    TEMPLATE_DIRS=(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(upath(__file__)), 'templates'),)
+    TEMPLATE_DIRS=(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(upath(__file__)), 'templates'),),
+    ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',
 )
 class AssertContainsTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_contains(self):
         "Responses can be inspected for content, including counting repeated substrings"
@@ -191,9 +191,9 @@ class AssertContainsTests(TestCase):
         self.assertNotContains(response, 'Bye')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class AssertTemplateUsedTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
 
     def test_no_context(self):
@@ -264,8 +264,8 @@ class AssertTemplateUsedTests(TestCase):
             self.assertIn("Template 'Valid POST Template' was not a template used to render the response. Actual template(s) used: form_view.html, base.html", str(e))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class AssertRedirectsTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_redirect_page(self):
         "An assertion is raised if the original page couldn't be retrieved as expected"
@@ -459,8 +459,8 @@ class AssertRedirectsTests(TestCase):
                 self.assertRedirects(response, 'http://testserver/secure_view/', status_code=301)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class AssertFormErrorTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_unknown_form(self):
         "An assertion is raised if the form name is unknown"
@@ -576,8 +576,8 @@ class AssertFormErrorTests(TestCase):
             self.assertIn("abc: The form 'form' in context 0 does not contain the non-field error 'Some error.' (actual errors: )", str(e))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class AssertFormsetErrorTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     msg_prefixes = [("", {}), ("abc: ", {"msg_prefix": "abc"})]
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -775,9 +775,9 @@ class ProcessedMiddleware(object):
         request.has_been_processed = True
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class LoginTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata']
 
     def test_login_different_client(self):
@@ -817,10 +817,10 @@ class LoginTests(TestCase):
 
 @override_settings(
     PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
-    SESSION_ENGINE='test_client_regress.session'
+    SESSION_ENGINE='test_client_regress.session',
+    ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',
 )
 class SessionEngineTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata']
 
     def test_login(self):
@@ -834,8 +834,8 @@ class SessionEngineTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context['user'].username, 'testclient')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class URLEscapingTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_simple_argument_get(self):
         "Get a view that has a simple string argument"
@@ -862,9 +862,9 @@ class URLEscapingTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.content, b'Hi, Arthur')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class ExceptionTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
 
     def test_exception_cleared(self):
@@ -889,8 +889,8 @@ class ExceptionTests(TestCase):
             self.fail("Staff should be able to visit this page")
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class TemplateExceptionTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         # Reset the loaders so they don't try to render cached templates.
@@ -914,8 +914,8 @@ class TemplateExceptionTests(TestCase):
 # We need two different tests to check URLconf substitution -  one to check
 # it was changed, and another one (without self.urls) to check it was reverted on
 # teardown. This pair of tests relies upon the alphabetical ordering of test execution.
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class UrlconfSubstitutionTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_urlconf_was_changed(self):
         "TestCase can enforce a custom URLconf on a per-test basis"
@@ -936,9 +936,9 @@ class zzUrlconfSubstitutionTests(TestCase):
             reverse('arg_view', args=['somename'])
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class ContextTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata']
 
     def test_single_context(self):
@@ -1007,9 +1007,9 @@ class ContextTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context['nested'], 'yes')
 
 
-@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+@override_settings(PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                   ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class SessionTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
 
     def test_session(self):
@@ -1116,8 +1116,8 @@ class SessionTests(TestCase):
         self.assertFalse(listener.executed)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class RequestMethodTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_get(self):
         "Request a view via request method GET"
@@ -1164,8 +1164,8 @@ class RequestMethodTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.content, b'request method: PATCH')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class RequestMethodStringDataTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_post(self):
         "Request a view with string data via request method POST"
@@ -1192,8 +1192,8 @@ class RequestMethodStringDataTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.content, b'request method: PATCH')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class QueryStringTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_get_like_requests(self):
         # See: https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/10571.
@@ -1247,8 +1247,8 @@ class QueryStringTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(response.context['request-bar'], 'bang')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class UnicodePayloadTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_simple_unicode_payload(self):
         "A simple ASCII-only unicode JSON document can be POSTed"
@@ -1312,8 +1312,8 @@ class UploadedFileEncodingTest(TestCase):
                          encode_file('IGNORE', 'IGNORE', DummyFile("file.unknown"))[2])
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls',)
 class RequestHeadersTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata']
 
     def test_client_headers(self):
@@ -1348,6 +1348,7 @@ class RequestHeadersTest(TestCase):
             status_code=301, target_status_code=200)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class ReadLimitedStreamTest(TestCase):
     """
     Tests that ensure that HttpRequest.body, HttpRequest.read() and
@@ -1355,7 +1356,6 @@ class ReadLimitedStreamTest(TestCase):
 
     Refs #14753, #15785
     """
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_body_from_empty_request(self):
         """HttpRequest.body on a test client GET request should return
@@ -1391,6 +1391,7 @@ class ReadLimitedStreamTest(TestCase):
             content_type='text/plain').content, payload)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class RequestFactoryStateTest(TestCase):
     """Regression tests for #15929."""
     # These tests are checking that certain middleware don't change certain
@@ -1398,7 +1399,6 @@ class RequestFactoryStateTest(TestCase):
     # ensuring test isolation behavior. So, unusually, it doesn't make sense to
     # run the tests individually, and if any are failing it is confusing to run
     # them with any other set of tests.
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def common_test_that_should_always_pass(self):
         request = RequestFactory().get('/')
@@ -1418,12 +1418,12 @@ class RequestFactoryStateTest(TestCase):
         self.common_test_that_should_always_pass()
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_client_regress.urls')
 class RequestFactoryEnvironmentTests(TestCase):
     """
     Regression tests for #8551 and #17067: ensure that environment variables
     are set correctly in RequestFactory.
     """
-    urls = 'test_client_regress.urls'
 
     def test_should_set_correct_env_variables(self):
         request = RequestFactory().get('/path/')
diff --git a/tests/test_utils/tests.py b/tests/test_utils/tests.py
index f41c06e647..e9f6da7279 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils/tests.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils/tests.py
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ class SkippingClassTestCase(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(len(result.skipped), 1)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_utils.urls')
 class AssertNumQueriesTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_utils.urls'
 
     def test_assert_num_queries(self):
         def test_func():
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ class AssertQuerysetEqualTests(TestCase):
         )
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_utils.urls')
 class CaptureQueriesContextManagerTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_utils.urls'
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.person_pk = six.text_type(Person.objects.create(name='test').pk)
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ class CaptureQueriesContextManagerTests(TestCase):
         self.assertIn(self.person_pk, captured_queries[1]['sql'])
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_utils.urls')
 class AssertNumQueriesContextManagerTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_utils.urls'
 
     def test_simple(self):
         with self.assertNumQueries(0):
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ class AssertNumQueriesContextManagerTests(TestCase):
             self.client.get("/test_utils/get_person/%s/" % person.pk)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='test_utils.urls')
 class AssertTemplateUsedContextManagerTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'test_utils.urls'
 
     def test_usage(self):
         with self.assertTemplateUsed('template_used/base.html'):
diff --git a/tests/timezones/tests.py b/tests/timezones/tests.py
index 51260fc0f5..d16c7f7fd2 100644
--- a/tests/timezones/tests.py
+++ b/tests/timezones/tests.py
@@ -1070,10 +1070,10 @@ class NewFormsTests(TestCase):
 
 
 @override_settings(DATETIME_FORMAT='c', TIME_ZONE='Africa/Nairobi', USE_L10N=False, USE_TZ=True,
-                  PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',))
+                  PASSWORD_HASHERS=('django.contrib.auth.hashers.SHA1PasswordHasher',),
+                  ROOT_URLCONF='timezones.urls')
 class AdminTests(TestCase):
 
-    urls = 'timezones.urls'
     fixtures = ['tz_users.xml']
 
     def setUp(self):
diff --git a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
index a57b7e2a17..d2c4079fda 100644
--- a/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
+++ b/tests/urlpatterns_reverse/tests.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 import unittest
 
 from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+from django.conf import settings
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured, ViewDoesNotExist
 from django.core.urlresolvers import (reverse, reverse_lazy, resolve, get_callable,
     get_resolver, NoReverseMatch, Resolver404, ResolverMatch, RegexURLResolver,
@@ -152,14 +153,14 @@ test_data = (
 )
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.no_urls')
 class NoURLPatternsTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.no_urls'
 
     def test_no_urls_exception(self):
         """
         RegexURLResolver should raise an exception when no urlpatterns exist.
         """
-        resolver = RegexURLResolver(r'^$', self.urls)
+        resolver = RegexURLResolver(r'^$', settings.ROOT_URLCONF)
 
         self.assertRaisesMessage(ImproperlyConfigured,
             "The included urlconf 'urlpatterns_reverse.no_urls' does not "
@@ -168,8 +169,8 @@ class NoURLPatternsTests(TestCase):
             getattr, resolver, 'url_patterns')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.urls')
 class URLPatternReverse(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.urls'
 
     def test_urlpattern_reverse(self):
         for name, expected, args, kwargs in test_data:
@@ -290,8 +291,8 @@ class ResolverTests(unittest.TestCase):
                             self.assertEqual(t.name, e['name'], 'Wrong URL name.  Expected "%s", got "%s".' % (e['name'], t.name))
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.reverse_lazy_urls')
 class ReverseLazyTest(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.reverse_lazy_urls'
 
     def test_redirect_with_lazy_reverse(self):
         response = self.client.get('/redirect/')
@@ -324,8 +325,8 @@ LOGIN_URL = reverse_lazy('login')""")
         self.assertNoOutput(err)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.urls')
 class ReverseShortcutTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.urls'
 
     def test_redirect_to_object(self):
         # We don't really need a model; just something with a get_absolute_url
@@ -363,8 +364,8 @@ class ReverseShortcutTests(TestCase):
         self.assertRaises(NoReverseMatch, redirect, absolute_kwargs_view, wrong_argument=None)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.namespace_urls')
 class NamespaceTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.namespace_urls'
 
     def test_ambiguous_object(self):
         "Names deployed via dynamic URL objects that require namespaces can't be resolved"
@@ -600,8 +601,8 @@ class ErrorHandlerResolutionTests(TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(self.callable_resolver.resolve500(), handler)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.urls_without_full_import')
 class DefaultErrorHandlerTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.urls_without_full_import'
 
     def test_default_handler(self):
         "If the urls.py doesn't specify handlers, the defaults are used"
@@ -617,16 +618,16 @@ class DefaultErrorHandlerTests(TestCase):
             self.fail("Shouldn't get an AttributeError due to undefined 500 handler")
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF=None)
 class NoRootUrlConfTests(TestCase):
     """Tests for handler404 and handler500 if urlconf is None"""
-    urls = None
 
     def test_no_handler_exception(self):
         self.assertRaises(ImproperlyConfigured, self.client.get, '/test/me/')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.namespace_urls')
 class ResolverMatchTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.namespace_urls'
 
     def test_urlpattern_resolve(self):
         for path, name, app_name, namespace, func, args, kwargs in resolve_test_data:
@@ -661,8 +662,8 @@ class ResolverMatchTests(TestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(request.resolver_match)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='urlpatterns_reverse.erroneous_urls')
 class ErroneousViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'urlpatterns_reverse.erroneous_urls'
 
     def test_erroneous_resolve(self):
         self.assertRaises(ImportError, self.client.get, '/erroneous_inner/')
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_csrf.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_csrf.py
index 2a3f51125a..893a7e200b 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_csrf.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_csrf.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ from django.test import TestCase, override_settings, Client
 from django.utils.translation import override
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="view_tests.urls")
 class CsrfViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "view_tests.urls"
 
     def setUp(self):
         super(CsrfViewTests, self).setUp()
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
index b66bdac32d..75cc8a0b97 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_debug.py
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ from ..views import (sensitive_view, non_sensitive_view, paranoid_view,
     multivalue_dict_key_error)
 
 
-@override_settings(DEBUG=True, TEMPLATE_DEBUG=True)
+@override_settings(DEBUG=True, TEMPLATE_DEBUG=True,
+                   ROOT_URLCONF="view_tests.urls")
 class DebugViewTests(TestCase):
-    urls = "view_tests.urls"
 
     def test_files(self):
         response = self.client.get('/raises/')
@@ -521,12 +521,12 @@ class ExceptionReportTestMixin(object):
                 self.assertNotIn(v, body)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class ExceptionReporterFilterTests(TestCase, ExceptionReportTestMixin):
     """
     Ensure that sensitive information can be filtered out of error reports.
     Refs #14614.
     """
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
     rf = RequestFactory()
 
     def test_non_sensitive_request(self):
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_defaults.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_defaults.py
index 38a11dfcb1..4d08dbb579 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_defaults.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_defaults.py
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ from django.test.utils import (setup_test_template_loader,
 from ..models import UrlArticle
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class DefaultsTests(TestCase):
     """Test django views in django/views/defaults.py"""
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
     fixtures = ['testdata.json']
     non_existing_urls = ['/non_existing_url/',  # this is in urls.py
                          '/other_non_existing_url/']  # this NOT in urls.py
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_i18n.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_i18n.py
index fac1d7d331..8798c0d24f 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_i18n.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_i18n.py
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ from django.utils.translation import override, LANGUAGE_SESSION_KEY
 from ..urls import locale_dir
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class I18NTests(TestCase):
     """ Tests django views in django/views/i18n.py """
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
 
     def test_setlang(self):
         """
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ class I18NTests(TestCase):
                     self.assertContains(response, r'"month name\u0004May": "mai"', 1)
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class JsI18NTests(TestCase):
     """
     Tests django views in django/views/i18n.py that need to change
     settings.LANGUAGE_CODE.
     """
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
 
     def test_jsi18n_with_missing_en_files(self):
         """
@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ class JsI18NTests(TestCase):
             self.assertContains(response, '\\ud83d\\udca9')
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class JsI18NTestsMultiPackage(TestCase):
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
     """
     Tests for django views in django/views/i18n.py that need to change
     settings.LANGUAGE_CODE and merge JS translation from several packages.
@@ -207,11 +207,11 @@ skip_selenium = not os.environ.get('DJANGO_SELENIUM_TESTS', False)
 
 
 @unittest.skipIf(skip_selenium, 'Selenium tests not requested')
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class JavascriptI18nTests(LiveServerTestCase):
 
     # The test cases use translations from these apps.
     available_apps = ['django.contrib.admin', 'view_tests']
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
     webdriver_class = 'selenium.webdriver.firefox.webdriver.WebDriver'
 
     @classmethod
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_json.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_json.py
index b236e60c7d..505e7ad732 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_json.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_json.py
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
 import json
 
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.generic_urls')
 class JsonResponseTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'view_tests.generic_urls'
 
     def test_json_response(self):
         response = self.client.get('/json/response/')
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_shortcuts.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_shortcuts.py
index 7b14637143..d6a796aff4 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_shortcuts.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_shortcuts.py
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 @override_settings(
     TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS=('django.core.context_processors.static',),
     STATIC_URL='/path/to/static/media/',
+    ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.generic_urls',
 )
 class ShortcutTests(TestCase):
-    urls = 'view_tests.generic_urls'
 
     def test_render_to_response(self):
         response = self.client.get('/shortcuts/render_to_response/')
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_specials.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_specials.py
index 0b933ac0de..a26280da1e 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_specials.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_specials.py
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # coding: utf-8
 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 
-from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.generic_urls')
 class URLHandling(TestCase):
     """
     Tests for URL handling in views and responses.
     """
-    urls = 'view_tests.generic_urls'
     redirect_target = "/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87/target/"
 
     def test_combining_redirect(self):
diff --git a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_static.py b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_static.py
index 6b2d961c5e..fc9a1edb08 100644
--- a/tests/view_tests/tests/test_static.py
+++ b/tests/view_tests/tests/test_static.py
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@ from .. import urls
 from ..urls import media_dir
 
 
-@override_settings(DEBUG=True)
+@override_settings(DEBUG=True, ROOT_URLCONF='view_tests.urls')
 class StaticTests(SimpleTestCase):
     """Tests django views in django/views/static.py"""
 
-    urls = 'view_tests.urls'
     prefix = 'site_media'
 
     def test_serve(self):
diff --git a/tests/wsgi/tests.py b/tests/wsgi/tests.py
index 299beacf46..092d3a751e 100644
--- a/tests/wsgi/tests.py
+++ b/tests/wsgi/tests.py
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ from django.test.client import RequestFactory
 from django.utils import six
 
 
+@override_settings(ROOT_URLCONF="wsgi.urls")
 class WSGITest(TestCase):
-    urls = "wsgi.urls"
 
     def setUp(self):
         request_started.disconnect(close_old_connections)