Merged revisions 4186 to 4454 from trunk.

git-svn-id: http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/sqlalchemy@4455 bcc190cf-cafb-0310-a4f2-bffc1f526a37

120 files changed, 5900 insertions, 1899 deletions

diff --git a/AUTHORS b/AUTHORS
index dbbf6e7bad..c7aba07430 100644
--- a/AUTHORS
+++ b/AUTHORS
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     Clint Ecker
     Enrico <rico.bl@gmail.com>
     favo@exoweb.net
+    Eric Floehr <eric@intellovations.com>
     gandalf@owca.info
     Baishampayan Ghose
     martin.glueck@gmail.com
@@ -118,13 +119,16 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     Manuzhai
     Petar Marić
     mark@junklight.com
+    Yasushi Masuda <whosaysni@gmail.com>
     mattycakes@gmail.com
     Jason McBrayer <http://www.carcosa.net/jason/>
     mccutchen@gmail.com
     michael.mcewan@gmail.com
+    mitakummaa@gmail.com
     mmarshall
     Eric Moritz <http://eric.themoritzfamily.com/>
     Robin Munn <http://www.geekforgod.com/>
+    Robert Myers <myer0052@gmail.com>
     Nebojša Dorđević
     Fraser Nevett <mail@nevett.org>
     Sam Newman <http://www.magpiebrain.com/>
@@ -149,6 +153,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     serbaut@gmail.com
     Pete Shinners <pete@shinners.org>
     SmileyChris <smileychris@gmail.com>
+    smurf@smurf.noris.de
     sopel
     Thomas Steinacher <tom@eggdrop.ch>
     nowell strite
@@ -160,6 +165,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     Tom Insam
     Joe Topjian <http://joe.terrarum.net/geek/code/python/django/>
     Karen Tracey <graybark@bellsouth.net>
+    Makoto Tsuyuki <mtsuyuki@gmail.com>
     Amit Upadhyay
     Geert Vanderkelen
     Milton Waddams
diff --git a/django/bin/daily_cleanup.py b/django/bin/daily_cleanup.py
index 667e0f16c6..3b83583d73 100644
--- a/django/bin/daily_cleanup.py
+++ b/django/bin/daily_cleanup.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
 """
 Daily cleanup job.
 
diff --git a/django/conf/global_settings.py b/django/conf/global_settings.py
index 36fee9ec6d..245096590d 100644
--- a/django/conf/global_settings.py
+++ b/django/conf/global_settings.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ADMINS = ()
 INTERNAL_IPS = ()
 
 # Local time zone for this installation. All choices can be found here:
-# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
 TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
 
 # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
diff --git a/django/conf/project_template/settings.py b/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
index d6f34a28db..a44bc172f0 100644
--- a/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
+++ b/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used wit
 DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
 
 # Local time zone for this installation. All choices can be found here:
-# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
 TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
 
 # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/auth/user/change_password.html b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/auth/user/change_password.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d359ecf8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/auth/user/change_password.html
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
+{% load i18n admin_modify adminmedia %}
+{% block extrahead %}{{ block.super }}
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../../../../jsi18n/"></script>
+{% for js in javascript_imports %}{% include_admin_script js %}{% endfor %}
+{% endblock %}
+{% block stylesheet %}{% admin_media_prefix %}css/forms.css{% endblock %}
+{% block bodyclass %}{{ opts.app_label }}-{{ opts.object_name.lower }} change-form{% endblock %}
+{% block userlinks %}<a href="../../../../doc/">{% trans 'Documentation' %}</a> / <a href="../../../password_change/">{% trans 'Change password' %}</a> / <a href="../../../logout/">{% trans 'Log out' %}</a>{% endblock %}
+{% block breadcrumbs %}{% if not is_popup %}
+<div class="breadcrumbs">
+     <a href="../../../../">{% trans "Home" %}</a> &rsaquo;
+     <a href="../../">{{ opts.verbose_name_plural|capfirst|escape }}</a> &rsaquo;
+     <a href="../">{{ original|truncatewords:"18"|escape }}</a> &rsaquo;
+     {% trans 'Change password' %}
+</div>
+{% endif %}{% endblock %}
+{% block content %}<div id="content-main">
+<form action="{{ form_url }}" method="post" id="{{ opts.module_name }}_form">{% block form_top %}{% endblock %}
+<div>
+{% if is_popup %}<input type="hidden" name="_popup" value="1" />{% endif %}
+{% if form.error_dict %}
+    <p class="errornote">
+    {% blocktrans count form.error_dict.items|length as counter %}Please correct the error below.{% plural %}Please correct the errors below.{% endblocktrans %}
+    </p>
+{% endif %}
+
+<p>{% blocktrans with original.username|escape as username %}Enter a new password for the user <strong>{{ username }}</strong>.{% endblocktrans %}</p>
+
+<fieldset class="module aligned">
+
+<div class="form-row">
+  {{ form.password1.html_error_list }}
+  <label for="id_password1" class="required">{% trans 'Password' %}:</label> {{ form.password1 }}
+</div>
+
+<div class="form-row">
+  {{ form.password2.html_error_list }}
+  <label for="id_password2" class="required">{% trans 'Password (again)' %}:</label> {{ form.password2 }}
+  <p class="help">{% trans 'Enter the same password as above, for verification.' %}</p>
+</div>
+
+</fieldset>
+
+<div class="submit-row">
+<input type="submit" value="{% trans 'Change password' %}" class="default" />
+</div>
+
+<script type="text/javascript">document.getElementById("{{ first_form_field_id }}").focus();</script>
+</div>
+</form></div>
+{% endblock %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/base.html b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/base.html
index b63604b268..d3e8c96b91 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/base.html
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/base.html
@@ -38,7 +38,10 @@
     <div id="content" class="{% block coltype %}colM{% endblock %}">
         {% block pretitle %}{% endblock %}
         {% block content_title %}{% if title %}<h1>{{ title|escape }}</h1>{% endif %}{% endblock %}
-        {% block content %}{{ content }}{% endblock %}
+        {% block content %}
+        {% block object-tools %}{% endblock %}
+        {{ content }}
+        {% endblock %}
         {% block sidebar %}{% endblock %}
         <br class="clear" />
     </div>
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_form.html b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_form.html
index b1fdc5ebdb..7e7b639139 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_form.html
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_form.html
@@ -16,11 +16,13 @@
 </div>
 {% endif %}{% endblock %}
 {% block content %}<div id="content-main">
+{% block object-tools %}
 {% if change %}{% if not is_popup %}
   <ul class="object-tools"><li><a href="history/" class="historylink">{% trans "History" %}</a></li>
   {% if has_absolute_url %}<li><a href="../../../r/{{ content_type_id }}/{{ object_id }}/" class="viewsitelink">{% trans "View on site" %}</a></li>{% endif%}
   </ul>
 {% endif %}{% endif %}
+{% endblock %}
 <form {% if has_file_field %}enctype="multipart/form-data" {% endif %}action="{{ form_url }}" method="post" id="{{ opts.module_name }}_form">{% block form_top %}{% endblock %}
 <div>
 {% if is_popup %}<input type="hidden" name="_popup" value="1" />{% endif %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_list.html b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_list.html
index bd2304bd52..f50a73c934 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_list.html
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/change_list.html
@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@
 {% block coltype %}flex{% endblock %}
 {% block content %}
 <div id="content-main">
+{% block object-tools %}
 {% if has_add_permission %}
 <ul class="object-tools"><li><a href="add/{% if is_popup %}?_popup=1{% endif %}" class="addlink">{% blocktrans with cl.opts.verbose_name|escape as name %}Add {{ name }}{% endblocktrans %}</a></li></ul>
 {% endif %}
+{% endblock %}
 <div class="module{% if cl.has_filters %} filtered{% endif %}" id="changelist">
 {% block search %}{% search_form cl %}{% endblock %}
 {% block date_hierarchy %}{% date_hierarchy cl %}{% endblock %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templatetags/admin_list.py b/django/contrib/admin/templatetags/admin_list.py
index 832b3562cd..3c0c6f0ac2 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/templatetags/admin_list.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templatetags/admin_list.py
@@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ def result_headers(cl):
                        "url": cl.get_query_string({ORDER_VAR: i, ORDER_TYPE_VAR: new_order_type}),
                        "class_attrib": (th_classes and ' class="%s"' % ' '.join(th_classes) or '')}
 
+def _boolean_icon(field_val):
+    BOOLEAN_MAPPING = {True: 'yes', False: 'no', None: 'unknown'}
+    return '<img src="%simg/admin/icon-%s.gif" alt="%s" />' % (settings.ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX, BOOLEAN_MAPPING[field_val], field_val)
+
 def items_for_result(cl, result):
     first = True
     pk = cl.lookup_opts.pk.attname
@@ -114,9 +118,14 @@ def items_for_result(cl, result):
             try:
                 attr = getattr(result, field_name)
                 allow_tags = getattr(attr, 'allow_tags', False)
+                boolean = getattr(attr, 'boolean', False)
                 if callable(attr):
                     attr = attr()
-                result_repr = str(attr)
+                if boolean:
+                    allow_tags = True
+                    result_repr = _boolean_icon(attr)
+                else:
+                    result_repr = str(attr)
             except (AttributeError, ObjectDoesNotExist):
                 result_repr = EMPTY_CHANGELIST_VALUE
             else:
@@ -147,8 +156,7 @@ def items_for_result(cl, result):
                 row_class = ' class="nowrap"'
             # Booleans are special: We use images.
             elif isinstance(f, models.BooleanField) or isinstance(f, models.NullBooleanField):
-                BOOLEAN_MAPPING = {True: 'yes', False: 'no', None: 'unknown'}
-                result_repr = '<img src="%simg/admin/icon-%s.gif" alt="%s" />' % (settings.ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX, BOOLEAN_MAPPING[field_val], field_val)
+                result_repr = _boolean_icon(field_val)
             # FloatFields are special: Zero-pad the decimals.
             elif isinstance(f, models.FloatField):
                 if field_val is not None:
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/urls.py b/django/contrib/admin/urls.py
index aaf9841e45..508bb3a1ca 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/urls.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/urls.py
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ urlpatterns = patterns('',
 
     # "Add user" -- a special-case view
     ('^auth/user/add/$', 'django.contrib.admin.views.auth.user_add_stage'),
+    # "Change user password" -- another special-case view
+    ('^auth/user/(\d+)/password/$', 'django.contrib.admin.views.auth.user_change_password'),
 
     # Add/change/delete/history
     ('^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/$', 'django.contrib.admin.views.main.change_list'),
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
index 03876bb4ac..bea1f8533c 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
-from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
+from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm, AdminPasswordChangeForm
 from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
-from django import forms, template
-from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
+from django import oldforms, template
+from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404
 from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
+from django.utils.html import escape
 
 def user_add_stage(request):
     if not request.user.has_perm('auth.change_user'):
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ def user_add_stage(request):
                 return HttpResponseRedirect('../%s/' % new_user.id)
     else:
         errors = new_data = {}
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     return render_to_response('admin/auth/user/add_form.html', {
         'title': _('Add user'),
         'form': form,
@@ -42,3 +43,35 @@ def user_add_stage(request):
         'username_help_text': User._meta.get_field('username').help_text,
     }, context_instance=template.RequestContext(request))
 user_add_stage = staff_member_required(user_add_stage)
+
+def user_change_password(request, id):
+    if not request.user.has_perm('auth.change_user'):
+        raise PermissionDenied
+    user = get_object_or_404(User, pk=id)
+    manipulator = AdminPasswordChangeForm(user)
+    if request.method == 'POST':
+        new_data = request.POST.copy()
+        errors = manipulator.get_validation_errors(new_data)
+        if not errors:
+            new_user = manipulator.save(new_data)
+            msg = _('Password changed successfully.')
+            request.user.message_set.create(message=msg)
+            return HttpResponseRedirect('..')
+    else:
+        errors = new_data = {}
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    return render_to_response('admin/auth/user/change_password.html', {
+        'title': _('Change password: %s') % escape(user.username),
+        'form': form,
+        'is_popup': request.REQUEST.has_key('_popup'),
+        'add': True,
+        'change': False,
+        'has_delete_permission': False,
+        'has_change_permission': True,
+        'has_absolute_url': False,
+        'first_form_field_id': 'id_password1',
+        'opts': User._meta,
+        'original': user,
+        'show_save': True,
+    }, context_instance=template.RequestContext(request))
+user_change_password = staff_member_required(user_change_password)
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
index c9cff0e374..282038e205 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from django import forms, template
+from django import oldforms, template
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.admin.filterspecs import FilterSpec
 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ def quote(s):
     """
     Ensure that primary key values do not confuse the admin URLs by escaping
     any '/', '_' and ':' characters. Similar to urllib.quote, except that the
-    quoting is slightly different so that it doesn't get autoamtically
-    unquoted by the web browser.
+    quoting is slightly different so that it doesn't get automatically
+    unquoted by the Web browser.
     """
     if type(s) != type(''):
         return s
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ def add_stage(request, app_label, model_name, show_delete=False, form_url='', po
         errors = {}
 
     # Populate the FormWrapper.
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
 
     c = template.RequestContext(request, {
         'title': _('Add %s') % opts.verbose_name,
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ def change_stage(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
         errors = {}
 
     # Populate the FormWrapper.
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     form.original = manipulator.original_object
     form.order_objects = []
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
index 93d110b045..a3b4538b10 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
 from django.core import validators
-from django import template, forms
+from django import template, oldforms
 from django.template import loader
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ def template_validator(request):
             request.user.message_set.create(message='The template is valid.')
     return render_to_response('admin/template_validator.html', {
         'title': 'Template validator',
-        'form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
+        'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
     }, context_instance=template.RequestContext(request))
 template_validator = staff_member_required(template_validator)
 
-class TemplateValidator(forms.Manipulator):
+class TemplateValidator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     def __init__(self, settings_modules):
         self.settings_modules = settings_modules
         site_list = Site.objects.in_bulk(settings_modules.keys()).values()
         self.fields = (
-            forms.SelectField('site', is_required=True, choices=[(s.id, s.name) for s in site_list]),
-            forms.LargeTextField('template', is_required=True, rows=25, validator_list=[self.isValidTemplate]),
+            oldforms.SelectField('site', is_required=True, choices=[(s.id, s.name) for s in site_list]),
+            oldforms.LargeTextField('template', is_required=True, rows=25, validator_list=[self.isValidTemplate]),
         )
 
     def isValidTemplate(self, field_data, all_data):
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/forms.py b/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
index 24c69cb73e..7700ec7d7a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
 from django.template import Context, loader
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 
-class UserCreationForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class UserCreationForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that creates a user, with no privileges, from the given username and password."
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.TextField(field_name='username', length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name='username', length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.isAlphaNumeric, self.isValidUsername]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name='password1', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name='password2', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password1', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password2', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.AlwaysMatchesOtherField('password1', _("The two password fields didn't match."))]),
         )
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class UserCreationForm(forms.Manipulator):
         "Creates the user."
         return User.objects.create_user(new_data['username'], '', new_data['password1'])
 
-class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class AuthenticationForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     """
     Base class for authenticating users. Extend this to get a form that accepts
     username/password logins.
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
         """
         self.request = request
         self.fields = [
-            forms.TextField(field_name="username", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name="username", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidUser, self.hasCookiesEnabled]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="password", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="password", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
         ]
         self.user_cache = None
 
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
     def get_user(self):
         return self.user_cache
 
-class PasswordResetForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class PasswordResetForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that lets a user request a password reset"
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.EmailField(field_name="email", length=40, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.EmailField(field_name="email", length=40, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidUserEmail]),
         )
 
@@ -105,16 +105,16 @@ class PasswordResetForm(forms.Manipulator):
         }
         send_mail('Password reset on %s' % site_name, t.render(Context(c)), None, [self.user_cache.email])
 
-class PasswordChangeForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class PasswordChangeForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that lets a user change his password."
     def __init__(self, user):
         self.user = user
         self.fields = (
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="old_password", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="old_password", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidOldPassword]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password1", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password1", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.AlwaysMatchesOtherField('new_password2', _("The two 'new password' fields didn't match."))]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password2", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password2", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
         )
 
     def isValidOldPassword(self, new_data, all_data):
@@ -126,3 +126,18 @@ class PasswordChangeForm(forms.Manipulator):
         "Saves the new password."
         self.user.set_password(new_data['new_password1'])
         self.user.save()
+
+class AdminPasswordChangeForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
+    "A form used to change the password of a user in the admin interface."
+    def __init__(self, user):
+        self.user = user
+        self.fields = (
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password1', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password2', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True,
+                validator_list=[validators.AlwaysMatchesOtherField('password1', _("The two password fields didn't match."))]),
+        )
+
+    def save(self, new_data):
+        "Saves the new password."
+        self.user.set_password(new_data['password1'])
+        self.user.save()
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/models.py b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
index 58cc07efa9..4f4f0b7538 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/models.py
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class User(models.Model):
     first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), maxlength=30, blank=True)
     last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), maxlength=30, blank=True)
     email = models.EmailField(_('e-mail address'), blank=True)
-    password = models.CharField(_('password'), maxlength=128, help_text=_("Use '[algo]$[salt]$[hexdigest]'"))
+    password = models.CharField(_('password'), maxlength=128, help_text=_("Use '[algo]$[salt]$[hexdigest]' or use the <a href=\"password/\">change password form</a>."))
     is_staff = models.BooleanField(_('staff status'), default=False, help_text=_("Designates whether the user can log into this admin site."))
     is_active = models.BooleanField(_('active'), default=True, help_text=_("Designates whether this user can log into the Django admin. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts."))
     is_superuser = models.BooleanField(_('superuser status'), default=False, help_text=_("Designates that this user has all permissions without explicitly assigning them."))
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/views.py b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
index 6882755787..fda17b91fb 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
 from django.contrib.auth.forms import PasswordResetForm, PasswordChangeForm
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
 from django.template import RequestContext
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def login(request, template_name='registration/login.html'):
         errors = {}
     request.session.set_test_cookie()
     return render_to_response(template_name, {
-        'form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, request.POST, errors),
+        'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, request.POST, errors),
         REDIRECT_FIELD_NAME: redirect_to,
         'site_name': Site.objects.get_current().name,
     }, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def password_reset(request, is_admin_site=False, template_name='registration/pas
             else:
                 form.save(email_template_name=email_template_name)
             return HttpResponseRedirect('%sdone/' % request.path)
-    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': forms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
+    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
         context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 
 def password_reset_done(request, template_name='registration/password_reset_done.html'):
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def password_change(request, template_name='registration/password_change_form.ht
         if not errors:
             form.save(new_data)
             return HttpResponseRedirect('%sdone/' % request.path)
-    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': forms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
+    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
         context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 password_change = login_required(password_change)
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py b/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
index 3640da90fe..12330afe41 100644
--- a/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
+++ b/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core.mail import mail_admins, mail_managers
 from django.http import Http404
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
@@ -28,37 +28,37 @@ class PublicCommentManipulator(AuthenticationForm):
             else:
                 return []
         self.fields.extend([
-            forms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating1", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating1", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 0,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(1),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating2", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating2", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 1,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(2),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating3", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating3", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 2,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(3),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating4", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating4", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 3,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(4),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating5", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating5", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 4,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(5),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating6", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating6", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 5,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(6),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating7", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating7", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 6,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(7),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating8", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating8", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 7,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(8),
             ),
@@ -117,13 +117,13 @@ class PublicCommentManipulator(AuthenticationForm):
             mail_managers("Comment posted by sketchy user (%s)" % self.user_cache.username, c.get_as_text())
         return c
 
-class PublicFreeCommentManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
+class PublicFreeCommentManipulator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "Manipulator that handles public free (unregistered) comments"
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.TextField(field_name="person_name", maxlength=50, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name="person_name", maxlength=50, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
-            forms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
         )
 
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ def post_comment(request):
         from django.contrib.auth import login
         login(request, manipulator.get_user())
     if errors or request.POST.has_key('preview'):
-        class CommentFormWrapper(forms.FormWrapper):
+        class CommentFormWrapper(oldforms.FormWrapper):
             def __init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors, rating_choices):
-                forms.FormWrapper.__init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors)
+                oldforms.FormWrapper.__init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors)
                 self.rating_choices = rating_choices
             def ratings(self):
                 field_list = [self['rating%d' % (i+1)] for i in range(len(rating_choices))]
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def post_free_comment(request):
         comment = errors and '' or manipulator.get_comment(new_data)
         return render_to_response('comments/free_preview.html', {
             'comment': comment,
-            'comment_form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
+            'comment_form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
             'options': options,
             'target': target,
             'hash': security_hash,
diff --git a/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py b/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py
index a95748a9a1..3384134cb2 100644
--- a/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py
+++ b/django/contrib/contenttypes/models.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from django.db import models
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
 
+CONTENT_TYPE_CACHE = {}
 class ContentTypeManager(models.Manager):
     def get_for_model(self, model):
         """
@@ -8,10 +9,15 @@ class ContentTypeManager(models.Manager):
         ContentType if necessary.
         """
         opts = model._meta
-        # The str() is needed around opts.verbose_name because it's a
-        # django.utils.functional.__proxy__ object.
-        ct, created = self.model._default_manager.get_or_create(app_label=opts.app_label,
-            model=opts.object_name.lower(), defaults={'name': str(opts.verbose_name)})
+        key = (opts.app_label, opts.object_name.lower())
+        try:
+            ct = CONTENT_TYPE_CACHE[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            # The str() is needed around opts.verbose_name because it's a
+            # django.utils.functional.__proxy__ object.
+            ct, created = self.model._default_manager.get_or_create(app_label=key[0],
+                model=key[1], defaults={'name': str(opts.verbose_name)})
+            CONTENT_TYPE_CACHE[key] = ct
         return ct
 
 class ContentType(models.Model):
diff --git a/django/contrib/csrf/middleware.py b/django/contrib/csrf/middleware.py
index f6f78867dc..93a9484ca6 100644
--- a/django/contrib/csrf/middleware.py
+++ b/django/contrib/csrf/middleware.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import md5
 import re
 import itertools
 
-_ERROR_MSG = "<h1>403 Forbidden</h1><p>Cross Site Request Forgery detected.  Request aborted.</p>"
+_ERROR_MSG = '<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"><body><h1>403 Forbidden</h1><p>Cross Site Request Forgery detected. Request aborted.</p></body></html>'
 
 _POST_FORM_RE = \
     re.compile(r'(<form\W[^>]*\bmethod=(\'|"|)POST(\'|"|)\b[^>]*>)', re.IGNORECASE)
diff --git a/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py b/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py
index 9a9371b5f8..daecba7928 100644
--- a/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py
+++ b/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ from django.conf import settings
 from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
 from django.http import Http404
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
+from django.template.context import RequestContext
 import cPickle as pickle
 import md5
 
@@ -91,7 +92,9 @@ class FormPreview(object):
     def preview_get(self, request):
         "Displays the form"
         f = self.form(auto_id=AUTO_ID)
-        return render_to_response(self.form_template, {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state})
+        return render_to_response(self.form_template,
+            {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state},
+            context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 
     def preview_post(self, request):
         "Validates the POST data. If valid, displays the preview page. Else, redisplays form."
@@ -100,9 +103,9 @@ class FormPreview(object):
         if f.is_valid():
             context['hash_field'] = self.unused_name('hash')
             context['hash_value'] = self.security_hash(request, f)
-            return render_to_response(self.preview_template, context)
+            return render_to_response(self.preview_template, context, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
         else:
-            return render_to_response(self.form_template, context)
+            return render_to_response(self.form_template, context, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 
     def post_post(self, request):
         "Validates the POST data. If valid, calls done(). Else, redisplays form."
@@ -112,7 +115,9 @@ class FormPreview(object):
                 return self.failed_hash(request) # Security hash failed.
             return self.done(request, f.clean_data)
         else:
-            return render_to_response(self.form_template, {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state})
+            return render_to_response(self.form_template,
+                {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state},
+                context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 
     # METHODS SUBCLASSES MIGHT OVERRIDE IF APPROPRIATE ########################
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py b/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py
index 2337ad8a61..728caa7e19 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.sessions.models import Session
+from django.core.exceptions import SuspiciousOperation
 from django.utils.cache import patch_vary_headers
 import datetime
 
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class SessionWrapper(object):
                     s = Session.objects.get(session_key=self.session_key,
                         expire_date__gt=datetime.datetime.now())
                     self._session_cache = s.get_decoded()
-                except Session.DoesNotExist:
+                except (Session.DoesNotExist, SuspiciousOperation):
                     self._session_cache = {}
                     # Set the session_key to None to force creation of a new
                     # key, for extra security.
diff --git a/django/core/cache/backends/dummy.py b/django/core/cache/backends/dummy.py
index c68f33616c..4c64161538 100644
--- a/django/core/cache/backends/dummy.py
+++ b/django/core/cache/backends/dummy.py
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ class CacheClass(BaseCache):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
 
-    def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        pass
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        return default
 
     def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
         pass
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class CacheClass(BaseCache):
         pass
 
     def get_many(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        pass
+        return {}
 
     def has_key(self, *args, **kwargs):
         return False
diff --git a/django/core/handlers/base.py b/django/core/handlers/base.py
index 85473a6353..ca48b301d4 100644
--- a/django/core/handlers/base.py
+++ b/django/core/handlers/base.py
@@ -60,7 +60,10 @@ class BaseHandler(object):
             if response:
                 return response
 
-        resolver = urlresolvers.RegexURLResolver(r'^/', settings.ROOT_URLCONF)
+        # Get urlconf from request object, if available.  Otherwise use default.
+        urlconf = getattr(request, "urlconf", settings.ROOT_URLCONF)
+
+        resolver = urlresolvers.RegexURLResolver(r'^/', urlconf)
         try:
             callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs = resolver.resolve(request.path)
 
diff --git a/django/core/management.py b/django/core/management.py
index d1a97c4a53..5e7ae0875b 100644
--- a/django/core/management.py
+++ b/django/core/management.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ APP_ARGS = '[appname ...]'
 # which has been installed.
 PROJECT_TEMPLATE_DIR = os.path.join(django.__path__[0], 'conf', '%s_template')
 
-INVALID_PROJECT_NAMES = ('django', 'test')
+INVALID_PROJECT_NAMES = ('django', 'site', 'test')
 
 # Set up the terminal color scheme.
 class dummy: pass
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ def startproject(project_name, directory):
     "Creates a Django project for the given project_name in the given directory."
     from random import choice
     if project_name in INVALID_PROJECT_NAMES:
-        sys.stderr.write(style.ERROR("Error: %r isn't a valid project name. Please try another.\n" % project_name))
+        sys.stderr.write(style.ERROR("Error: '%r' conflicts with the name of an existing Python module and cannot be used as a project name. Please try another name.\n" % project_name))
         sys.exit(1)
     _start_helper('project', project_name, directory)
     # Create a random SECRET_KEY hash, and put it in the main settings.
diff --git a/django/core/serializers/python.py b/django/core/serializers/python.py
index 859816c226..1e1e6f4bec 100644
--- a/django/core/serializers/python.py
+++ b/django/core/serializers/python.py
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def Deserializer(object_list, **options):
     for d in object_list:
         # Look up the model and starting build a dict of data for it.
         Model = _get_model(d["model"])
-        data = {Model._meta.pk.name : d["pk"]}
+        data = {Model._meta.pk.attname : d["pk"]}
         m2m_data = {}
         
         # Handle each field
diff --git a/django/db/backends/ado_mssql/creation.py b/django/db/backends/ado_mssql/creation.py
index 4d85d27ea5..5158ba02f9 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/ado_mssql/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/ado_mssql/creation.py
@@ -21,6 +21,5 @@ DATA_TYPES = {
     'SmallIntegerField': 'smallint',
     'TextField':         'text',
     'TimeField':         'time',
-    'URLField':          'varchar(200)',
     'USStateField':      'varchar(2)',
 }
diff --git a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
index e7e060e6c2..28c5b1c683 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
@@ -98,9 +98,11 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
                 kwargs['port'] = int(settings.DATABASE_PORT)
             kwargs.update(self.options)
             self.connection = Database.connect(**kwargs)
-        cursor = self.connection.cursor()
-        if self.connection.get_server_info() >= '4.1':
-            cursor.execute("SET NAMES 'utf8'")
+            cursor = self.connection.cursor()
+            if self.connection.get_server_info() >= '4.1':
+                cursor.execute("SET NAMES 'utf8'")
+        else:
+            cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         if settings.DEBUG:
             return util.CursorDebugWrapper(MysqlDebugWrapper(cursor), self)
         return cursor
diff --git a/django/db/backends/mysql/creation.py b/django/db/backends/mysql/creation.py
index 116b490124..22ed901653 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/mysql/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/mysql/creation.py
@@ -25,6 +25,5 @@ DATA_TYPES = {
     'SmallIntegerField': 'smallint',
     'TextField':         'longtext',
     'TimeField':         'time',
-    'URLField':          'varchar(200)',
     'USStateField':      'varchar(2)',
 }
diff --git a/django/db/backends/oracle/creation.py b/django/db/backends/oracle/creation.py
index d45ceb64f5..da65df172e 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/oracle/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/oracle/creation.py
@@ -21,6 +21,5 @@ DATA_TYPES = {
     'SmallIntegerField': 'smallint',
     'TextField':         'long',
     'TimeField':         'timestamp',
-    'URLField':          'varchar(200)',
     'USStateField':      'varchar(2)',
 }
diff --git a/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py b/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
index 1e48e9c3fa..054f74a0d3 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py
@@ -20,6 +20,38 @@ except ImportError:
     # Import copy of _thread_local.py from Python 2.4
     from django.utils._threading_local import local
 
+def smart_basestring(s, charset):
+    if isinstance(s, unicode):
+        return s.encode(charset)
+    return s
+
+class UnicodeCursorWrapper(object):
+    """
+    A thin wrapper around psycopg cursors that allows them to accept Unicode
+    strings as params.
+
+    This is necessary because psycopg doesn't apply any DB quoting to
+    parameters that are Unicode strings. If a param is Unicode, this will
+    convert it to a bytestring using DEFAULT_CHARSET before passing it to
+    psycopg.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, cursor, charset):
+        self.cursor = cursor
+        self.charset = charset
+
+    def execute(self, sql, params=()):
+        return self.cursor.execute(sql, [smart_basestring(p, self.charset) for p in params])
+
+    def executemany(self, sql, param_list):
+        new_param_list = [tuple([smart_basestring(p, self.charset) for p in params]) for params in param_list]
+        return self.cursor.executemany(sql, new_param_list)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        if self.__dict__.has_key(attr):
+            return self.__dict__[attr]
+        else:
+            return getattr(self.cursor, attr)
+
 class DatabaseWrapper(local):
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.connection = None
@@ -45,6 +77,7 @@ class DatabaseWrapper(local):
             self.connection.set_isolation_level(1) # make transactions transparent to all cursors
         cursor = self.connection.cursor()
         cursor.execute("SET TIME ZONE %s", [settings.TIME_ZONE])
+        cursor = UnicodeCursorWrapper(cursor, settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
         if settings.DEBUG:
             return util.CursorDebugWrapper(cursor, self)
         return cursor
@@ -118,7 +151,7 @@ def get_pk_default_value():
 try:
     Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1082,), "DATE", util.typecast_date))
 except AttributeError:
-    raise Exception, "You appear to be using psycopg version 2, which isn't supported yet, because it's still in beta. Use psycopg version 1 instead: http://initd.org/projects/psycopg1"
+    raise Exception, "You appear to be using psycopg version 2. Set your DATABASE_ENGINE to 'postgresql_psycopg2' instead of 'postgresql'."
 Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1083,1266), "TIME", util.typecast_time))
 Database.register_type(Database.new_type((1114,1184), "TIMESTAMP", util.typecast_timestamp))
 Database.register_type(Database.new_type((16,), "BOOLEAN", util.typecast_boolean))
diff --git a/django/db/backends/postgresql/creation.py b/django/db/backends/postgresql/creation.py
index 65a804ec40..6c130f368e 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/postgresql/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/postgresql/creation.py
@@ -25,6 +25,5 @@ DATA_TYPES = {
     'SmallIntegerField': 'smallint',
     'TextField':         'text',
     'TimeField':         'time',
-    'URLField':          'varchar(200)',
     'USStateField':      'varchar(2)',
 }
diff --git a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/creation.py b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/creation.py
index e845179e64..77f570b2e8 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/sqlite3/creation.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/sqlite3/creation.py
@@ -24,6 +24,5 @@ DATA_TYPES = {
     'SmallIntegerField':            'smallint',
     'TextField':                    'text',
     'TimeField':                    'time',
-    'URLField':                     'varchar(200)',
     'USStateField':                 'varchar(2)',
 }
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
index 8e8d68aad5..024fa95b8e 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ from django.db.models import signals
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
+from django import newforms as forms
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
 from django.utils.functional import curry
 from django.utils.itercompat import tee
@@ -206,10 +207,10 @@ class Field(object):
 
         if self.choices:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
-                field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
 
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         else:
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ class Field(object):
 
     def get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix='', rel=False, follow=True):
         """
-        Returns a list of forms.FormField instances for this field. It
+        Returns a list of oldforms.FormField instances for this field. It
         calculates the choices at runtime, not at compile time.
 
         name_prefix is a prefix to prepend to the "field_name" argument.
@@ -333,6 +334,16 @@ class Field(object):
             return self._choices
     choices = property(_get_choices)
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        "Returns a django.newforms.Field instance for this database Field."
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.CharField(**defaults)
+
+    def value_from_object(self, obj):
+        "Returns the value of this field in the given model instance."
+        return getattr(obj, self.attname)
+
 class AutoField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -354,7 +365,7 @@ class AutoField(Field):
         return Field.get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix, rel, follow)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def get_manipulator_new_data(self, new_data, rel=False):
         # Never going to be called
@@ -369,6 +380,9 @@ class AutoField(Field):
         super(AutoField, self).contribute_to_class(cls, name)
         cls._meta.has_auto_field = True
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        return None
+
 class BooleanField(Field):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         kwargs['blank'] = True
@@ -381,11 +395,16 @@ class BooleanField(Field):
         raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("This value must be either True or False.")
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.CheckboxField]
+        return [oldforms.CheckboxField]
+
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.BooleanField(**defaults)
 
 class CharField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TextField]
+        return [oldforms.TextField]
 
     def to_python(self, value):
         if isinstance(value, basestring):
@@ -397,10 +416,15 @@ class CharField(Field):
                 raise validators.ValidationError, gettext_lazy("This field cannot be null.")
         return str(value)
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'max_length': self.maxlength, 'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.CharField(**defaults)
+
 # TODO: Maybe move this into contrib, because it's specialized.
 class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(CharField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField]
 
 class DateField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -462,12 +486,17 @@ class DateField(Field):
         return Field.get_db_prep_save(self, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.DateField]
+        return [oldforms.DateField]
 
-    def flatten_data(self, follow, obj = None):
+    def flatten_data(self, follow, obj=None):
         val = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
         return {self.attname: (val is not None and val.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") or '')}
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.DateField(**defaults)
+
 class DateTimeField(DateField):
     def to_python(self, value):
         if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
@@ -503,7 +532,7 @@ class DateTimeField(DateField):
         return Field.get_db_prep_lookup(self, lookup_type, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.DateField, forms.TimeField]
+        return [oldforms.DateField, oldforms.TimeField]
 
     def get_manipulator_field_names(self, name_prefix):
         return [name_prefix + self.name + '_date', name_prefix + self.name + '_time']
@@ -526,6 +555,11 @@ class DateTimeField(DateField):
         return {date_field: (val is not None and val.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") or ''),
                 time_field: (val is not None and val.strftime("%H:%M:%S") or '')}
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.DateTimeField(**defaults)
+
 class EmailField(CharField):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         kwargs['maxlength'] = 75
@@ -535,11 +569,16 @@ class EmailField(CharField):
         return "CharField"
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.EmailField]
+        return [oldforms.EmailField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidEmail(field_data, all_data)
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.EmailField(**defaults)
+
 class FileField(Field):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, upload_to='', **kwargs):
         self.upload_to = upload_to
@@ -599,7 +638,7 @@ class FileField(Field):
                 os.remove(file_name)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.FileUploadField, forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.FileUploadField, oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def get_manipulator_field_names(self, name_prefix):
         return [name_prefix + self.name + '_file', name_prefix + self.name]
@@ -627,7 +666,7 @@ class FilePathField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.FilePathField, path=self.path, match=self.match, recursive=self.recursive)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.FilePathField, path=self.path, match=self.match, recursive=self.recursive)]
 
 class FloatField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -636,7 +675,7 @@ class FloatField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.FloatField, max_digits=self.max_digits, decimal_places=self.decimal_places)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.FloatField, max_digits=self.max_digits, decimal_places=self.decimal_places)]
 
 class ImageField(FileField):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, width_field=None, height_field=None, **kwargs):
@@ -644,7 +683,7 @@ class ImageField(FileField):
         FileField.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.ImageUploadField, forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.ImageUploadField, oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def contribute_to_class(self, cls, name):
         super(ImageField, self).contribute_to_class(cls, name)
@@ -670,7 +709,12 @@ class ImageField(FileField):
 class IntegerField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.IntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.IntegerField]
+
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.IntegerField(**defaults)
 
 class IPAddressField(Field):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -678,7 +722,7 @@ class IPAddressField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.IPAddressField]
+        return [oldforms.IPAddressField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidIPAddress4(field_data, None)
@@ -689,22 +733,22 @@ class NullBooleanField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.NullBooleanField]
+        return [oldforms.NullBooleanField]
 
 class PhoneNumberField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PhoneNumberField]
+        return [oldforms.PhoneNumberField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidPhone(field_data, all_data)
 
 class PositiveIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PositiveIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.PositiveIntegerField]
 
 class PositiveSmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PositiveSmallIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.PositiveSmallIntegerField]
 
 class SlugField(Field):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -716,15 +760,20 @@ class SlugField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TextField]
+        return [oldforms.TextField]
 
 class SmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.SmallIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.SmallIntegerField]
 
 class TextField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.LargeTextField]
+        return [oldforms.LargeTextField]
+
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'widget': forms.Textarea, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.CharField(**defaults)
 
 class TimeField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -760,24 +809,39 @@ class TimeField(Field):
         return Field.get_db_prep_save(self, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TimeField]
+        return [oldforms.TimeField]
 
     def flatten_data(self,follow, obj = None):
         val = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
         return {self.attname: (val is not None and val.strftime("%H:%M:%S") or '')}
 
-class URLField(Field):
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.TimeField(**defaults)
+
+class URLField(CharField):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, verify_exists=True, **kwargs):
+        kwargs['maxlength'] = kwargs.get('maxlength', 200)
         if verify_exists:
             kwargs.setdefault('validator_list', []).append(validators.isExistingURL)
-        Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
+        self.verify_exists = verify_exists
+        CharField.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.URLField]
+        return [oldforms.URLField]
+
+    def get_internal_type(self):
+        return "CharField"
+
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'required': not self.blank, 'verify_exists': self.verify_exists, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.URLField(**defaults)
 
 class USStateField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.USStateField]
+        return [oldforms.USStateField]
 
 class XMLField(TextField):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, schema_path=None, **kwargs):
@@ -788,7 +852,7 @@ class XMLField(TextField):
         return "TextField"
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.XMLLargeTextField, schema_path=self.schema_path)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.XMLLargeTextField, schema_path=self.schema_path)]
 
 class OrderingField(IntegerField):
     empty_strings_allowed=False
@@ -801,4 +865,4 @@ class OrderingField(IntegerField):
         return "IntegerField"
 
     def get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix='', rel=False, follow=True):
-        return [forms.HiddenField(name_prefix + self.name)]
+        return [oldforms.HiddenField(name_prefix + self.name)]
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/generic.py b/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
index 7d7651029c..1ad8346e42 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Classes allowing "generic" relations through ContentType and object-id fields.
 """
 
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
 from django.db import backend
 from django.db.models import signals
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class GenericRelation(RelatedField, Field):
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
         choices = self.get_choices_default()
-        return [curry(forms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
 
     def get_choices_default(self):
         return Field.get_choices(self, include_blank=False)
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related.py b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
index bd9262d55a..b517747735 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ from django.db import backend, transaction
 from django.db.models import signals, get_model
 from django.db.models.fields import AutoField, Field, IntegerField, get_ul_class
 from django.db.models.related import RelatedObject
+from django.utils.text import capfirst
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy, string_concat, ngettext
 from django.utils.functional import curry
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
+from django import newforms as forms
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 
 # For Python 2.3
@@ -256,8 +258,7 @@ class ForeignRelatedObjectsDescriptor(object):
         # Otherwise, just move the named objects into the set.
         if self.related.field.null:
             manager.clear()
-        for obj in value:
-            manager.add(obj)
+        manager.add(*value)
 
 def create_many_related_manager(superclass):
     """Creates a manager that subclasses 'superclass' (which is a Manager)
@@ -315,28 +316,36 @@ def create_many_related_manager(superclass):
             # join_table: name of the m2m link table
             # source_col_name: the PK colname in join_table for the source object
             # target_col_name: the PK colname in join_table for the target object
-            # *objs - objects to add
+            # *objs - objects to add. Either object instances, or primary keys of object instances.
             from django.db import connection
 
-            # Add the newly created or already existing objects to the join table.
-            # First find out which items are already added, to avoid adding them twice
-            new_ids = set([obj._get_pk_val() for obj in objs])
-            cursor = connection.cursor()
-            cursor.execute("SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s AND %s IN (%s)" % \
-                (target_col_name, self.join_table, source_col_name,
-                target_col_name, ",".join(['%s'] * len(new_ids))),
-                [self._pk_val] + list(new_ids))
-            if cursor.rowcount is not None and cursor.rowcount != 0:
-                existing_ids = set([row[0] for row in cursor.fetchmany(cursor.rowcount)])
-            else:
-                existing_ids = set()
+            # If there aren't any objects, there is nothing to do.
+            if objs:
+                # Check that all the objects are of the right type
+                new_ids = set()
+                for obj in objs:
+                    if isinstance(obj, self.model):
+                        new_ids.add(obj._get_pk_val())
+                    else:
+                        new_ids.add(obj)
+                # Add the newly created or already existing objects to the join table.
+                # First find out which items are already added, to avoid adding them twice
+                cursor = connection.cursor()
+                cursor.execute("SELECT %s FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s AND %s IN (%s)" % \
+                    (target_col_name, self.join_table, source_col_name,
+                    target_col_name, ",".join(['%s'] * len(new_ids))),
+                    [self._pk_val] + list(new_ids))
+                if cursor.rowcount is not None and cursor.rowcount != 0:
+                    existing_ids = set([row[0] for row in cursor.fetchmany(cursor.rowcount)])
+                else:
+                    existing_ids = set()
 
-            # Add the ones that aren't there already
-            for obj_id in (new_ids - existing_ids):
-                cursor.execute("INSERT INTO %s (%s, %s) VALUES (%%s, %%s)" % \
-                    (self.join_table, source_col_name, target_col_name),
-                    [self._pk_val, obj_id])
-            transaction.commit_unless_managed()
+                # Add the ones that aren't there already
+                for obj_id in (new_ids - existing_ids):
+                    cursor.execute("INSERT INTO %s (%s, %s) VALUES (%%s, %%s)" % \
+                        (self.join_table, source_col_name, target_col_name),
+                        [self._pk_val, obj_id])
+                transaction.commit_unless_managed()
 
         def _remove_items(self, source_col_name, target_col_name, *objs):
             # source_col_name: the PK colname in join_table for the source object
@@ -344,16 +353,22 @@ def create_many_related_manager(superclass):
             # *objs - objects to remove
             from django.db import connection
 
-            for obj in objs:
-                if not isinstance(obj, self.model):
-                    raise ValueError, "objects to remove() must be %s instances" % self.model._meta.object_name
-            # Remove the specified objects from the join table
-            cursor = connection.cursor()
-            for obj in objs:
-                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s AND %s = %%s" % \
-                    (self.join_table, source_col_name, target_col_name),
-                    [self._pk_val, obj._get_pk_val()])
-            transaction.commit_unless_managed()
+            # If there aren't any objects, there is nothing to do.
+            if objs:
+                # Check that all the objects are of the right type
+                old_ids = set()
+                for obj in objs:
+                    if isinstance(obj, self.model):
+                        old_ids.add(obj._get_pk_val())
+                    else:
+                        old_ids.add(obj)
+                # Remove the specified objects from the join table
+                cursor = connection.cursor()
+                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s = %%s AND %s IN (%s)" % \
+                    (self.join_table, source_col_name,
+                    target_col_name, ",".join(['%s'] * len(old_ids))),
+                    [self._pk_val] + list(old_ids))
+                transaction.commit_unless_managed()
 
         def _clear_items(self, source_col_name):
             # source_col_name: the PK colname in join_table for the source object
@@ -405,8 +420,7 @@ class ManyRelatedObjectsDescriptor(object):
 
         manager = self.__get__(instance)
         manager.clear()
-        for obj in value:
-            manager.add(obj)
+        manager.add(*value)
 
 class ReverseManyRelatedObjectsDescriptor(object):
     # This class provides the functionality that makes the related-object
@@ -447,8 +461,7 @@ class ReverseManyRelatedObjectsDescriptor(object):
 
         manager = self.__get__(instance)
         manager.clear()
-        for obj in value:
-            manager.add(obj)
+        manager.add(*value)
 
 class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -493,13 +506,13 @@ class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
             params['validator_list'].append(curry(manipulator_valid_rel_key, self, manipulator))
         else:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
                 if self.null:
-                    field_objs = [forms.NullSelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.NullSelectField]
                 else:
-                    field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         return field_objs, params
 
@@ -508,7 +521,7 @@ class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
         if self.rel.raw_id_admin and not isinstance(rel_field, AutoField):
             return rel_field.get_manipulator_field_objs()
         else:
-            return [forms.IntegerField]
+            return [oldforms.IntegerField]
 
     def get_db_prep_save(self, value):
         if value == '' or value == None:
@@ -539,6 +552,11 @@ class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
     def contribute_to_related_class(self, cls, related):
         setattr(cls, related.get_accessor_name(), ForeignRelatedObjectsDescriptor(related))
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'choices': self.get_choices_default(), 'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.ChoiceField(**defaults)
+
 class OneToOneField(RelatedField, IntegerField):
     def __init__(self, to, to_field=None, **kwargs):
         try:
@@ -581,13 +599,13 @@ class OneToOneField(RelatedField, IntegerField):
             params['validator_list'].append(curry(manipulator_valid_rel_key, self, manipulator))
         else:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
                 if self.null:
-                    field_objs = [forms.NullSelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.NullSelectField]
                 else:
-                    field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         return field_objs, params
 
@@ -600,6 +618,11 @@ class OneToOneField(RelatedField, IntegerField):
         if not cls._meta.one_to_one_field:
             cls._meta.one_to_one_field = self
 
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {'choices': self.get_choices_default(), 'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.ChoiceField(**kwargs)
+
 class ManyToManyField(RelatedField, Field):
     def __init__(self, to, **kwargs):
         kwargs['verbose_name'] = kwargs.get('verbose_name', None)
@@ -610,6 +633,7 @@ class ManyToManyField(RelatedField, Field):
             limit_choices_to=kwargs.pop('limit_choices_to', None),
             raw_id_admin=kwargs.pop('raw_id_admin', False),
             symmetrical=kwargs.pop('symmetrical', True))
+        self.db_table = kwargs.pop('db_table', None)
         if kwargs["rel"].raw_id_admin:
             kwargs.setdefault("validator_list", []).append(self.isValidIDList)
         Field.__init__(self, **kwargs)
@@ -622,17 +646,20 @@ class ManyToManyField(RelatedField, Field):
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
         if self.rel.raw_id_admin:
-            return [forms.RawIdAdminField]
+            return [oldforms.RawIdAdminField]
         else:
             choices = self.get_choices_default()
-            return [curry(forms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
+            return [curry(oldforms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
 
     def get_choices_default(self):
         return Field.get_choices(self, include_blank=False)
 
     def _get_m2m_db_table(self, opts):
         "Function that can be curried to provide the m2m table name for this relation"
-        return '%s_%s' % (opts.db_table, self.name)
+        if self.db_table:
+            return self.db_table
+        else:
+            return '%s_%s' % (opts.db_table, self.name)
 
     def _get_m2m_column_name(self, related):
         "Function that can be curried to provide the source column name for the m2m table"
@@ -706,6 +733,19 @@ class ManyToManyField(RelatedField, Field):
     def set_attributes_from_rel(self):
         pass
 
+    def value_from_object(self, obj):
+        "Returns the value of this field in the given model instance."
+        return getattr(obj, self.attname).all()
+
+    def formfield(self, **kwargs):
+        # If initial is passed in, it's a list of related objects, but the
+        # MultipleChoiceField takes a list of IDs.
+        if kwargs.get('initial') is not None:
+            kwargs['initial'] = [i._get_pk_val() for i in kwargs['initial']]
+        defaults = {'choices': self.get_choices_default(), 'required': not self.blank, 'label': capfirst(self.verbose_name), 'help_text': self.help_text}
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return forms.MultipleChoiceField(**defaults)
+
 class ManyToOneRel(object):
     def __init__(self, to, field_name, num_in_admin=3, min_num_in_admin=None,
         max_num_in_admin=None, num_extra_on_change=1, edit_inline=False,
diff --git a/django/db/models/manager.py b/django/db/models/manager.py
index 6005874516..b60eed262a 100644
--- a/django/db/models/manager.py
+++ b/django/db/models/manager.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from django.db.models.query import QuerySet
+from django.db.models.query import QuerySet, EmptyQuerySet
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 from django.db.models import signals
 from django.db.models.fields import FieldDoesNotExist
@@ -41,12 +41,18 @@ class Manager(object):
     #######################
     # PROXIES TO QUERYSET #
     #######################
+    
+    def get_empty_query_set(self):
+        return EmptyQuerySet(self.model)
 
     def get_query_set(self):
         """Returns a new QuerySet object.  Subclasses can override this method
         to easily customise the behaviour of the Manager.
         """
         return QuerySet(self.model)
+    
+    def none(self):
+        return self.get_empty_query_set()
 
     def all(self):
         return self.get_query_set()
diff --git a/django/db/models/manipulators.py b/django/db/models/manipulators.py
index c61e82f813..aea3aa70a7 100644
--- a/django/db/models/manipulators.py
+++ b/django/db/models/manipulators.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core import validators
 from django.db.models.fields import FileField, AutoField
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class ManipulatorDescriptor(object):
                 self.man._prepare(model)
             return self.man
 
-class AutomaticManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
+class AutomaticManipulator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     def _prepare(cls, model):
         cls.model = model
         cls.manager = model._default_manager
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class AutomaticManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
 
         # Add field for ordering.
         if self.change and self.opts.get_ordered_objects():
-            self.fields.append(forms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField(field_name="order_"))
+            self.fields.append(oldforms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField(field_name="order_"))
 
     def save(self, new_data):
         # TODO: big cleanup when core fields go -> use recursive manipulators.
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ def manipulator_validator_unique_together(field_name_list, opts, self, field_dat
 def manipulator_validator_unique_for_date(from_field, date_field, opts, lookup_type, self, field_data, all_data):
     from django.db.models.fields.related import ManyToOneRel
     date_str = all_data.get(date_field.get_manipulator_field_names('')[0], None)
-    date_val = forms.DateField.html2python(date_str)
+    date_val = oldforms.DateField.html2python(date_str)
     if date_val is None:
         return # Date was invalid. This will be caught by another validator.
     lookup_kwargs = {'%s__year' % date_field.name: date_val.year}
diff --git a/django/db/models/query.py b/django/db/models/query.py
index 53ed63ae5b..51fa334e63 100644
--- a/django/db/models/query.py
+++ b/django/db/models/query.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from django.db import backend, connection, transaction
 from django.db.models.fields import DateField, FieldDoesNotExist
+from django.db.models.fields.generic import GenericRelation
 from django.db.models import signals
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@ QUERY_TERMS = (
 # Larger values are slightly faster at the expense of more storage space.
 GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE = 100
 
+class EmptyResultSet(Exception):
+    pass
+
 ####################
 # HELPER FUNCTIONS #
 ####################
@@ -168,7 +172,12 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         extra_select = self._select.items()
 
         cursor = connection.cursor()
-        select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+        
+        try:
+            select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+        except EmptyResultSet:
+            raise StopIteration
+            
         cursor.execute("SELECT " + (self._distinct and "DISTINCT " or "") + ",".join(select) + sql, params)
         fill_cache = self._select_related
         index_end = len(self.model._meta.fields)
@@ -192,7 +201,12 @@ class QuerySet(object):
         counter._offset = None
         counter._limit = None
         counter._select_related = False
-        select, sql, params = counter._get_sql_clause()
+        
+        try:
+            select, sql, params = counter._get_sql_clause()
+        except EmptyResultSet:
+            return 0
+            
         cursor = connection.cursor()
         if self._distinct:
             id_col = "%s.%s" % (backend.quote_name(self.model._meta.db_table),
@@ -523,7 +537,12 @@ class ValuesQuerySet(QuerySet):
             field_names = [f.attname for f in self.model._meta.fields]
 
         cursor = connection.cursor()
-        select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+        
+        try:
+            select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+        except EmptyResultSet:
+            raise StopIteration
+        
         select = ['%s.%s' % (backend.quote_name(self.model._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(c)) for c in columns]
         cursor.execute("SELECT " + (self._distinct and "DISTINCT " or "") + ",".join(select) + sql, params)
         while 1:
@@ -545,7 +564,12 @@ class DateQuerySet(QuerySet):
         if self._field.null:
             self._where.append('%s.%s IS NOT NULL' % \
                 (backend.quote_name(self.model._meta.db_table), backend.quote_name(self._field.column)))
-        select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+                
+        try:
+            select, sql, params = self._get_sql_clause()
+        except EmptyResultSet:
+            raise StopIteration
+        
         sql = 'SELECT %s %s GROUP BY 1 ORDER BY 1 %s' % \
             (backend.get_date_trunc_sql(self._kind, '%s.%s' % (backend.quote_name(self.model._meta.db_table),
             backend.quote_name(self._field.column))), sql, self._order)
@@ -562,6 +586,25 @@ class DateQuerySet(QuerySet):
         c._kind = self._kind
         c._order = self._order
         return c
+    
+class EmptyQuerySet(QuerySet):
+    def __init__(self, model=None):
+        super(EmptyQuerySet, self).__init__(model)
+        self._result_cache = []
+        
+    def iterator(self):
+        raise StopIteration
+        
+    def count(self):
+        return 0
+        
+    def delete(self):
+        pass
+
+    def _clone(self, klass=None, **kwargs):
+        c = super(EmptyQuerySet, self)._clone(klass, **kwargs)
+        c._result_cache = []
+        return c
 
 class QOperator(object):
     "Base class for QAnd and QOr"
@@ -571,10 +614,14 @@ class QOperator(object):
     def get_sql(self, opts):
         joins, where, params = SortedDict(), [], []
         for val in self.args:
-            joins2, where2, params2 = val.get_sql(opts)
-            joins.update(joins2)
-            where.extend(where2)
-            params.extend(params2)
+            try:
+                joins2, where2, params2 = val.get_sql(opts)
+                joins.update(joins2)
+                where.extend(where2)
+                params.extend(params2)
+            except EmptyResultSet:
+                if not isinstance(self, QOr):
+                    raise EmptyResultSet
         if where:
             return joins, ['(%s)' % self.operator.join(where)], params
         return joins, [], params
@@ -628,8 +675,11 @@ class QNot(Q):
         self.q = q
 
     def get_sql(self, opts):
-        joins, where, params = self.q.get_sql(opts)
-        where2 = ['(NOT (%s))' % " AND ".join(where)]
+        try:
+            joins, where, params = self.q.get_sql(opts)
+            where2 = ['(NOT (%s))' % " AND ".join(where)]
+        except EmptyResultSet:
+            return SortedDict(), [], []
         return joins, where2, params
 
 def get_where_clause(lookup_type, table_prefix, field_name, value):
@@ -641,7 +691,11 @@ def get_where_clause(lookup_type, table_prefix, field_name, value):
     except KeyError:
         pass
     if lookup_type == 'in':
-        return '%s%s IN (%s)' % (table_prefix, field_name, ','.join(['%s' for v in value]))
+        in_string = ','.join(['%s' for id in value])
+        if in_string:
+            return '%s%s IN (%s)' % (table_prefix, field_name, in_string)
+        else:
+            raise EmptyResultSet
     elif lookup_type == 'range':
         return '%s%s BETWEEN %%s AND %%s' % (table_prefix, field_name)
     elif lookup_type in ('year', 'month', 'day'):
@@ -926,18 +980,26 @@ def delete_objects(seen_objs):
 
         pk_list = [pk for pk,instance in seen_objs[cls]]
         for related in cls._meta.get_all_related_many_to_many_objects():
-            for offset in range(0, len(pk_list), GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE):
-                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s IN (%s)" % \
-                    (qn(related.field.m2m_db_table()),
-                        qn(related.field.m2m_reverse_name()),
-                        ','.join(['%s' for pk in pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE]])),
-                    pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE])
+            if not isinstance(related.field, GenericRelation):
+                for offset in range(0, len(pk_list), GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE):
+                    cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s IN (%s)" % \
+                        (qn(related.field.m2m_db_table()),
+                            qn(related.field.m2m_reverse_name()),
+                            ','.join(['%s' for pk in pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE]])),
+                        pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE])
         for f in cls._meta.many_to_many:
+            if isinstance(f, GenericRelation):
+                from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType 
+                query_extra = 'AND %s=%%s' % f.rel.to._meta.get_field(f.content_type_field_name).column
+                args_extra = [ContentType.objects.get_for_model(cls).id]
+            else:
+                query_extra = ''
+                args_extra = []
             for offset in range(0, len(pk_list), GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE):
-                cursor.execute("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s IN (%s)" % \
+                cursor.execute(("DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s IN (%s)" % \
                     (qn(f.m2m_db_table()), qn(f.m2m_column_name()),
-                    ','.join(['%s' for pk in pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE]])),
-                    pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE])
+                    ','.join(['%s' for pk in pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE]]))) + query_extra,
+                    pk_list[offset:offset+GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE] + args_extra)
         for field in cls._meta.fields:
             if field.rel and field.null and field.rel.to in seen_objs:
                 for offset in range(0, len(pk_list), GET_ITERATOR_CHUNK_SIZE):
diff --git a/django/forms/__init__.py b/django/forms/__init__.py
index 0b9ac05edb..68d3d245a2 100644
--- a/django/forms/__init__.py
+++ b/django/forms/__init__.py
@@ -1,1008 +1 @@
-from django.core import validators
-from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
-from django.utils.html import escape
-from django.conf import settings
-from django.utils.translation import gettext, ngettext
-
-FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX = 'id_'
-
-class EmptyValue(Exception):
-    "This is raised when empty data is provided"
-    pass
-
-class Manipulator(object):
-    # List of permission strings. User must have at least one to manipulate.
-    # None means everybody has permission.
-    required_permission = ''
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        # List of FormField objects
-        self.fields = []
-
-    def __getitem__(self, field_name):
-        "Looks up field by field name; raises KeyError on failure"
-        for field in self.fields:
-            if field.field_name == field_name:
-                return field
-        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found\n%s" % (field_name, repr(self.fields))
-
-    def __delitem__(self, field_name):
-        "Deletes the field with the given field name; raises KeyError on failure"
-        for i, field in enumerate(self.fields):
-            if field.field_name == field_name:
-                del self.fields[i]
-                return
-        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found" % field_name
-
-    def check_permissions(self, user):
-        """Confirms user has required permissions to use this manipulator; raises
-        PermissionDenied on failure."""
-        if self.required_permission is None:
-            return
-        if user.has_perm(self.required_permission):
-            return
-        raise PermissionDenied
-
-    def prepare(self, new_data):
-        """
-        Makes any necessary preparations to new_data, in place, before data has
-        been validated.
-        """
-        for field in self.fields:
-            field.prepare(new_data)
-
-    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
-        "Returns dictionary mapping field_names to error-message lists"
-        errors = {}
-        self.prepare(new_data)
-        for field in self.fields:
-            errors.update(field.get_validation_errors(new_data))
-            val_name = 'validate_%s' % field.field_name
-            if hasattr(self, val_name):
-                val = getattr(self, val_name)
-                try:
-                    field.run_validator(new_data, val)
-                except (validators.ValidationError, validators.CriticalValidationError), e:
-                    errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
-
-#            if field.is_required and not new_data.get(field.field_name, False):
-#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).append(gettext_lazy('This field is required.'))
-#                continue
-#            try:
-#                validator_list = field.validator_list
-#                if hasattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name):
-#                    validator_list.append(getattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name))
-#                for validator in validator_list:
-#                    if field.is_required or new_data.get(field.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
-#                        try:
-#                            if hasattr(field, 'requires_data_list'):
-#                                validator(new_data.getlist(field.field_name), new_data)
-#                            else:
-#                                validator(new_data.get(field.field_name, ''), new_data)
-#                        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-#                            errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
-#            # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
-#            # for this particular field
-#            except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
-#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
-        return errors
-
-    def save(self, new_data):
-        "Saves the changes and returns the new object"
-        # changes is a dictionary-like object keyed by field_name
-        raise NotImplementedError
-
-    def do_html2python(self, new_data):
-        """
-        Convert the data from HTML data types to Python datatypes, changing the
-        object in place. This happens after validation but before storage. This
-        must happen after validation because html2python functions aren't
-        expected to deal with invalid input.
-        """
-        for field in self.fields:
-            field.convert_post_data(new_data)
-
-class FormWrapper(object):
-    """
-    A wrapper linking a Manipulator to the template system.
-    This allows dictionary-style lookups of formfields. It also handles feeding
-    prepopulated data and validation error messages to the formfield objects.
-    """
-    def __init__(self, manipulator, data=None, error_dict=None, edit_inline=True):
-        self.manipulator = manipulator
-        if data is None:
-            data = {}
-        if error_dict is None:
-            error_dict = {}
-        self.data = data
-        self.error_dict = error_dict
-        self._inline_collections = None
-        self.edit_inline = edit_inline
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return repr(self.__dict__)
-
-    def __getitem__(self, key):
-        for field in self.manipulator.fields:
-            if field.field_name == key:
-                data = field.extract_data(self.data)
-                return FormFieldWrapper(field, data, self.error_dict.get(field.field_name, []))
-        if self.edit_inline:
-            self.fill_inline_collections()
-            for inline_collection in self._inline_collections:
-                if inline_collection.name == key:
-                    return inline_collection
-        raise KeyError, "Could not find Formfield or InlineObjectCollection named %r" % key
-
-    def fill_inline_collections(self):
-        if not self._inline_collections:
-            ic = []
-            related_objects = self.manipulator.get_related_objects()
-            for rel_obj in related_objects:
-                data = rel_obj.extract_data(self.data)
-                inline_collection = InlineObjectCollection(self.manipulator, rel_obj, data, self.error_dict)
-                ic.append(inline_collection)
-            self._inline_collections = ic
-
-    def has_errors(self):
-        return self.error_dict != {}
-
-    def _get_fields(self):
-        try:
-            return self._fields
-        except AttributeError:
-            self._fields = [self.__getitem__(field.field_name) for field in self.manipulator.fields]
-            return self._fields
-
-    fields = property(_get_fields)
-
-class FormFieldWrapper(object):
-    "A bridge between the template system and an individual form field. Used by FormWrapper."
-    def __init__(self, formfield, data, error_list):
-        self.formfield, self.data, self.error_list = formfield, data, error_list
-        self.field_name = self.formfield.field_name # for convenience in templates
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        "Renders the field"
-        return str(self.formfield.render(self.data))
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return '<FormFieldWrapper for "%s">' % self.formfield.field_name
-
-    def field_list(self):
-        """
-        Like __str__(), but returns a list. Use this when the field's render()
-        method returns a list.
-        """
-        return self.formfield.render(self.data)
-
-    def errors(self):
-        return self.error_list
-
-    def html_error_list(self):
-        if self.errors():
-            return '<ul class="errorlist"><li>%s</li></ul>' % '</li><li>'.join([escape(e) for e in self.errors()])
-        else:
-            return ''
-
-    def get_id(self):
-        return self.formfield.get_id()
-
-class FormFieldCollection(FormFieldWrapper):
-    "A utility class that gives the template access to a dict of FormFieldWrappers"
-    def __init__(self, formfield_dict):
-        self.formfield_dict = formfield_dict
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return str(self.formfield_dict)
-
-    def __getitem__(self, template_key):
-        "Look up field by template key; raise KeyError on failure"
-        return self.formfield_dict[template_key]
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<FormFieldCollection: %s>" % self.formfield_dict
-
-    def errors(self):
-        "Returns list of all errors in this collection's formfields"
-        errors = []
-        for field in self.formfield_dict.values():
-            if hasattr(field, 'errors'):
-                errors.extend(field.errors())
-        return errors
-
-    def has_errors(self):
-        return bool(len(self.errors()))
-
-    def html_combined_error_list(self):
-        return ''.join([field.html_error_list() for field in self.formfield_dict.values() if hasattr(field, 'errors')])
-
-class InlineObjectCollection(object):
-    "An object that acts like a sparse list of form field collections."
-    def __init__(self, parent_manipulator, rel_obj, data, errors):
-        self.parent_manipulator = parent_manipulator
-        self.rel_obj = rel_obj
-        self.data = data
-        self.errors = errors
-        self._collections = None
-        self.name = rel_obj.name
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        self.fill()
-        return self._collections.__len__()
-
-    def __getitem__(self, k):
-        self.fill()
-        return self._collections.__getitem__(k)
-
-    def __setitem__(self, k, v):
-        self.fill()
-        return self._collections.__setitem__(k,v)
-
-    def __delitem__(self, k):
-        self.fill()
-        return self._collections.__delitem__(k)
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        self.fill()
-        return iter(self._collections.values())
-
-    def items(self):
-        self.fill()
-        return self._collections.items()
-
-    def fill(self):
-        if self._collections:
-            return
-        else:
-            var_name = self.rel_obj.opts.object_name.lower()
-            collections = {}
-            orig = None
-            if hasattr(self.parent_manipulator, 'original_object'):
-                orig = self.parent_manipulator.original_object
-            orig_list = self.rel_obj.get_list(orig)
-
-            for i, instance in enumerate(orig_list):
-                collection = {'original': instance}
-                for f in self.rel_obj.editable_fields():
-                    for field_name in f.get_manipulator_field_names(''):
-                        full_field_name = '%s.%d.%s' % (var_name, i, field_name)
-                        field = self.parent_manipulator[full_field_name]
-                        data = field.extract_data(self.data)
-                        errors = self.errors.get(full_field_name, [])
-                        collection[field_name] = FormFieldWrapper(field, data, errors)
-                collections[i] = FormFieldCollection(collection)
-            self._collections = collections
-
-
-class FormField(object):
-    """Abstract class representing a form field.
-
-    Classes that extend FormField should define the following attributes:
-        field_name
-            The field's name for use by programs.
-        validator_list
-            A list of validation tests (callback functions) that the data for
-            this field must pass in order to be added or changed.
-        is_required
-            A Boolean. Is it a required field?
-    Subclasses should also implement a render(data) method, which is responsible
-    for rending the form field in XHTML.
-    """
-    def __str__(self):
-        return self.render('')
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return 'FormField "%s"' % self.field_name
-
-    def prepare(self, new_data):
-        "Hook for doing something to new_data (in place) before validation."
-        pass
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        "Hook for converting an HTML datatype (e.g. 'on' for checkboxes) to a Python type"
-        return data
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        raise NotImplementedError
-
-    def get_member_name(self):
-        if hasattr(self, 'member_name'):
-            return self.member_name
-        else:
-            return self.field_name
-
-    def extract_data(self, data_dict):
-        if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list') and hasattr(data_dict, 'getlist'):
-            data = data_dict.getlist(self.get_member_name())
-        else:
-            data = data_dict.get(self.get_member_name(), None)
-        if data is None:
-            data = ''
-        return data
-
-    def convert_post_data(self, new_data):
-        name = self.get_member_name()
-        if new_data.has_key(self.field_name):
-            d = new_data.getlist(self.field_name)
-            try:
-                converted_data = [self.__class__.html2python(data) for data in d]
-            except ValueError:
-                converted_data = d
-            new_data.setlist(name, converted_data)
-        else:
-            try:
-                #individual fields deal with None values themselves
-                new_data.setlist(name, [self.__class__.html2python(None)])
-            except EmptyValue:
-                new_data.setlist(name, [])
-
-
-    def run_validator(self, new_data, validator):
-        if self.is_required or new_data.get(self.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
-            if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list'):
-                validator(new_data.getlist(self.field_name), new_data)
-            else:
-                validator(new_data.get(self.field_name, ''), new_data)
-
-    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
-        errors = {}
-        if self.is_required and not new_data.get(self.field_name, False):
-            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).append(gettext('This field is required.'))
-            return errors
-        try:
-            for validator in self.validator_list:
-                try:
-                    self.run_validator(new_data, validator)
-                except validators.ValidationError, e:
-                    errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
-        # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
-        # for this particular field
-        except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
-            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
-        return errors
-
-    def get_id(self):
-        "Returns the HTML 'id' attribute for this form field."
-        return FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX + self.field_name
-
-####################
-# GENERIC WIDGETS  #
-####################
-
-class TextField(FormField):
-    input_type = "text"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
-        self.is_required = is_required
-        self.validator_list = [self.isValidLength, self.hasNoNewlines] + validator_list
-        if member_name != None:
-            self.member_name = member_name
-
-    def isValidLength(self, data, form):
-        if data and self.maxlength and len(data.decode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)) > self.maxlength:
-            raise validators.ValidationError, ngettext("Ensure your text is less than %s character.",
-                "Ensure your text is less than %s characters.", self.maxlength) % self.maxlength
-
-    def hasNoNewlines(self, data, form):
-        if data and '\n' in data:
-            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Line breaks are not allowed here.")
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        if data is None:
-            data = ''
-        maxlength = ''
-        if self.maxlength:
-            maxlength = 'maxlength="%s" ' % self.maxlength
-        if isinstance(data, unicode):
-            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
-        return '<input type="%s" id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" value="%s" %s/>' % \
-            (self.input_type, self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
-            self.field_name, self.length, escape(data), maxlength)
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        return data
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class PasswordField(TextField):
-    input_type = "password"
-
-class LargeTextField(TextField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, rows=10, cols=40, is_required=False, validator_list=None, maxlength=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        self.rows, self.cols, self.is_required = rows, cols, is_required
-        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
-        if maxlength:
-            self.validator_list.append(self.isValidLength)
-            self.maxlength = maxlength
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        if data is None:
-            data = ''
-        if isinstance(data, unicode):
-            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
-        return '<textarea id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" rows="%s" cols="%s">%s</textarea>' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
-            self.field_name, self.rows, self.cols, escape(data))
-
-class HiddenField(FormField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
-        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        return '<input type="hidden" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s" />' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.field_name, escape(data))
-
-class CheckboxField(FormField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, checked_by_default=False, validator_list=None, is_required=False):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        self.checked_by_default = checked_by_default
-        self.is_required = is_required
-        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        checked_html = ''
-        if data or (data is '' and self.checked_by_default):
-            checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
-        return '<input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s />' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
-            self.field_name, checked_html)
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        "Convert value from browser ('on' or '') to a Python boolean"
-        if data == 'on':
-            return True
-        return False
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class SelectField(FormField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        if choices is None: choices = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
-        self.choices, self.size, self.is_required = choices, size, is_required
-        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
-        if member_name != None:
-            self.member_name = member_name
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s">' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
-             self.is_required and ' required' or '', self.field_name, self.size)]
-        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
-        for value, display_name in self.choices:
-            selected_html = ''
-            if str(value) == str_data:
-                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
-            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(display_name)))
-        output.append('  </select>')
-        return '\n'.join(output)
-
-    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
-        str_data = str(data)
-        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
-        if str_data not in str_choices:
-            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data': str_data, 'choices': str_choices}
-
-class NullSelectField(SelectField):
-    "This SelectField converts blank fields to None"
-    def html2python(data):
-        if not data:
-            return None
-        return data
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class RadioSelectField(FormField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        if choices is None: choices = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
-        self.choices, self.is_required = choices, is_required
-        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
-        self.ul_class = ul_class
-        if member_name != None:
-            self.member_name = member_name
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        """
-        Returns a special object, RadioFieldRenderer, that is iterable *and*
-        has a default str() rendered output.
-
-        This allows for flexible use in templates. You can just use the default
-        rendering:
-
-            {{ field_name }}
-
-        ...which will output the radio buttons in an unordered list.
-        Or, you can manually traverse each radio option for special layout:
-
-            {% for option in field_name.field_list %}
-                {{ option.field }} {{ option.label }}<br />
-            {% endfor %}
-        """
-        class RadioFieldRenderer:
-            def __init__(self, datalist, ul_class):
-                self.datalist, self.ul_class = datalist, ul_class
-            def __str__(self):
-                "Default str() output for this radio field -- a <ul>"
-                output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
-                output.extend(['<li>%s %s</li>' % (d['field'], d['label']) for d in self.datalist])
-                output.append('</ul>')
-                return ''.join(output)
-            def __iter__(self):
-                for d in self.datalist:
-                    yield d
-            def __len__(self):
-                return len(self.datalist)
-        datalist = []
-        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
-        for i, (value, display_name) in enumerate(self.choices):
-            selected_html = ''
-            if str(value) == str_data:
-                selected_html = ' checked="checked"'
-            datalist.append({
-                'value': value,
-                'name': display_name,
-                'field': '<input type="radio" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s"%s/>' % \
-                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), self.field_name, value, selected_html),
-                'label': '<label for="%s">%s</label>' % \
-                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), display_name),
-            })
-        return RadioFieldRenderer(datalist, self.ul_class)
-
-    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
-        str_data = str(data)
-        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
-        if str_data not in str_choices:
-            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':str_data, 'choices':str_choices}
-
-class NullBooleanField(SelectField):
-    "This SelectField provides 'Yes', 'No' and 'Unknown', mapping results to True, False or None"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices=[('1', 'Unknown'), ('2', 'Yes'), ('3', 'No')],
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        if data is None: data = '1'
-        elif data == True: data = '2'
-        elif data == False: data = '3'
-        return SelectField.render(self, data)
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        return {None: None, '1': None, '2': True, '3': False}[data]
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class SelectMultipleField(SelectField):
-    requires_data_list = True
-    def render(self, data):
-        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" multiple="multiple">' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
-            self.field_name, self.size)]
-        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
-        for value, choice in self.choices:
-            selected_html = ''
-            if str(value) in str_data_list:
-                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
-            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(choice)))
-        output.append('  </select>')
-        return '\n'.join(output)
-
-    def isValidChoice(self, field_data, all_data):
-        # data is something like ['1', '2', '3']
-        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
-        for val in map(str, field_data):
-            if val not in str_choices:
-                raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':val, 'choices':str_choices}
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        if data is None:
-            raise EmptyValue
-        return data
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class CheckboxSelectMultipleField(SelectMultipleField):
-    """
-    This has an identical interface to SelectMultipleField, except the rendered
-    widget is different. Instead of a <select multiple>, this widget outputs a
-    <ul> of <input type="checkbox">es.
-
-    Of course, that results in multiple form elements for the same "single"
-    field, so this class's prepare() method flattens the split data elements
-    back into the single list that validators, renderers and save() expect.
-    """
-    requires_data_list = True
-    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        if choices is None: choices = []
-        self.ul_class = ul_class
-        SelectMultipleField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def prepare(self, new_data):
-        # new_data has "split" this field into several fields, so flatten it
-        # back into a single list.
-        data_list = []
-        for value, readable_value in self.choices:
-            if new_data.get('%s%s' % (self.field_name, value), '') == 'on':
-                data_list.append(value)
-        new_data.setlist(self.field_name, data_list)
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
-        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
-        for value, choice in self.choices:
-            checked_html = ''
-            if str(value) in str_data_list:
-                checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
-            field_name = '%s%s' % (self.field_name, value)
-            output.append('<li><input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s value="on" /> <label for="%s">%s</label></li>' % \
-                (self.get_id() + escape(value), self.__class__.__name__, field_name, checked_html,
-                self.get_id() + escape(value), choice))
-        output.append('</ul>')
-        return '\n'.join(output)
-
-####################
-# FILE UPLOADS     #
-####################
-
-class FileUploadField(FormField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
-        self.validator_list = [self.isNonEmptyFile] + validator_list
-
-    def isNonEmptyFile(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            content = field_data['content']
-        except TypeError:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("No file was submitted. Check the encoding type on the form.")
-        if not content:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("The submitted file is empty.")
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        return '<input type="file" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s" />' % \
-            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.field_name)
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        if data is None:
-            raise EmptyValue
-        return data
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class ImageUploadField(FileUploadField):
-    "A FileUploadField that raises CriticalValidationError if the uploaded file isn't an image."
-    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
-        FileUploadField.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
-        self.validator_list.insert(0, self.isValidImage)
-
-    def isValidImage(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidImage(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-####################
-# INTEGERS/FLOATS  #
-####################
-
-class IntegerField(TextField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isInteger] + validator_list
-        if member_name is not None:
-            self.member_name = member_name
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
-
-    def isInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isInteger(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        if data == '' or data is None:
-            return None
-        return int(data)
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class SmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=5, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isSmallInteger] + validator_list
-        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
-
-    def isSmallInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
-        if not -32768 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between -32,768 and 32,767.")
-
-class PositiveIntegerField(IntegerField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isPositive] + validator_list
-        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
-
-    def isPositive(self, field_data, all_data):
-        if int(field_data) < 0:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a positive number.")
-
-class PositiveSmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isPositiveSmall] + validator_list
-        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
-
-    def isPositiveSmall(self, field_data, all_data):
-        if not 0 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between 0 and 32,767.")
-
-class FloatField(TextField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, max_digits, decimal_places, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.max_digits, self.decimal_places = max_digits, decimal_places
-        validator_list = [self.isValidFloat] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, max_digits+2, max_digits+2, is_required, validator_list)
-
-    def isValidFloat(self, field_data, all_data):
-        v = validators.IsValidFloat(self.max_digits, self.decimal_places)
-        try:
-            v(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        if data == '' or data is None:
-            return None
-        return float(data)
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-####################
-# DATES AND TIMES  #
-####################
-
-class DatetimeField(TextField):
-    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.datetime object.
-    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS."""
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        self.field_name = field_name
-        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
-        self.is_required = is_required
-        self.validator_list = [validators.isValidANSIDatetime] + validator_list
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        "Converts the field into a datetime.datetime object"
-        import datetime
-        try:
-            date, time = data.split()
-            y, m, d = date.split('-')
-            timebits = time.split(':')
-            h, mn = timebits[:2]
-            if len(timebits) > 2:
-                s = int(timebits[2])
-            else:
-                s = 0
-            return datetime.datetime(int(y), int(m), int(d), int(h), int(mn), s)
-        except ValueError:
-            return None
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class DateField(TextField):
-    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.date object.
-    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD."""
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidDate] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=10,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidDate(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidANSIDate(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        "Converts the field into a datetime.date object"
-        import time, datetime
-        try:
-            time_tuple = time.strptime(data, '%Y-%m-%d')
-            return datetime.date(*time_tuple[0:3])
-        except (ValueError, TypeError):
-            return None
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class TimeField(TextField):
-    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.time object.
-    The data should be in the format HH:MM:SS or HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm."""
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidTime] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=8, maxlength=8,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidTime(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidANSITime(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        "Converts the field into a datetime.time object"
-        import time, datetime
-        try:
-            part_list = data.split('.')
-            try:
-                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M:%S')
-            except ValueError: # seconds weren't provided
-                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M')
-            t = datetime.time(*time_tuple[3:6])
-            if (len(part_list) == 2):
-                t = t.replace(microsecond=int(part_list[1]))
-            return t
-        except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError):
-            return None
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-####################
-# INTERNET-RELATED #
-####################
-
-class EmailField(TextField):
-    "A convenience FormField for validating e-mail addresses"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=75, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidEmail] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength=maxlength,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidEmail(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidEmail(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-class URLField(TextField):
-    "A convenience FormField for validating URLs"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=200, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidURL] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidURL(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidURL(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-class IPAddressField(TextField):
-    def __init__(self, field_name, length=15, maxlength=15, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidIPAddress] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidIPAddress(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidIPAddress4(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        return data or None
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-####################
-# MISCELLANEOUS    #
-####################
-
-class FilePathField(SelectField):
-    "A SelectField whose choices are the files in a given directory."
-    def __init__(self, field_name, path, match=None, recursive=False, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        import os
-        from django.db.models import BLANK_CHOICE_DASH
-        if match is not None:
-            import re
-            match_re = re.compile(match)
-        choices = not is_required and BLANK_CHOICE_DASH[:] or []
-        if recursive:
-            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
-                for f in files:
-                    if match is None or match_re.search(f):
-                        choices.append((os.path.join(root, f), f))
-        else:
-            try:
-                for f in os.listdir(path):
-                    full_file = os.path.join(path, f)
-                    if os.path.isfile(full_file) and (match is None or match_re.search(f)):
-                        choices.append((full_file, f))
-            except OSError:
-                pass
-        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, 1, is_required, validator_list)
-
-class PhoneNumberField(TextField):
-    "A convenience FormField for validating phone numbers (e.g. '630-555-1234')"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidPhone] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=12, maxlength=12,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidPhone(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidPhone(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-class USStateField(TextField):
-    "A convenience FormField for validating U.S. states (e.g. 'IL')"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isValidUSState] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=2, maxlength=2,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isValidUSState(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isValidUSState(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def html2python(data):
-        return data.upper() # Should always be stored in upper case
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(TextField):
-    "A convenience FormField for validating comma-separated integer fields"
-    def __init__(self, field_name, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
-        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
-        validator_list = [self.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList] + validator_list
-        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=20, maxlength=maxlength,
-            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
-
-    def isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(self, field_data, all_data):
-        try:
-            validators.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
-
-    def render(self, data):
-        if data is None:
-            data = ''
-        elif isinstance(data, (list, tuple)):
-            data = ','.join(data)
-        return super(CommaSeparatedIntegerField, self).render(data)
-
-class RawIdAdminField(CommaSeparatedIntegerField):
-    def html2python(data):
-        if data:
-            return data.split(',')
-        else:
-            return []
-    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
-
-class XMLLargeTextField(LargeTextField):
-    """
-    A LargeTextField with an XML validator. The schema_path argument is the
-    full path to a Relax NG compact schema to validate against.
-    """
-    def __init__(self, field_name, schema_path, **kwargs):
-        self.schema_path = schema_path
-        kwargs.setdefault('validator_list', []).insert(0, self.isValidXML)
-        LargeTextField.__init__(self, field_name, **kwargs)
-
-    def isValidXML(self, field_data, all_data):
-        v = validators.RelaxNGCompact(self.schema_path)
-        try:
-            v(field_data, all_data)
-        except validators.ValidationError, e:
-            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+from django.oldforms import *
diff --git a/django/newforms/__init__.py b/django/newforms/__init__.py
index a445a21bfb..0d9c68f9e0 100644
--- a/django/newforms/__init__.py
+++ b/django/newforms/__init__.py
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ TODO:
 from util import ValidationError
 from widgets import *
 from fields import *
-from forms import Form
+from forms import *
 from models import *
diff --git a/django/newforms/extras/__init__.py b/django/newforms/extras/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7f6a9b3f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/newforms/extras/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from widgets import *
diff --git a/django/newforms/extras/widgets.py b/django/newforms/extras/widgets.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1011934fb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/newforms/extras/widgets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""
+Extra HTML Widget classes
+"""
+
+from django.newforms.widgets import Widget, Select
+from django.utils.dates import MONTHS
+import datetime
+
+__all__ = ('SelectDateWidget',)
+
+class SelectDateWidget(Widget):
+    """
+    A Widget that splits date input into three <select> boxes.
+
+    This also serves as an example of a Widget that has more than one HTML
+    element and hence implements value_from_datadict.
+    """
+    month_field = '%s_month'
+    day_field = '%s_day'
+    year_field = '%s_year'
+
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None, years=None):
+        # years is an optional list/tuple of years to use in the "year" select box.
+        self.attrs = attrs or {}
+        if years:
+            self.years = years
+        else:
+            this_year = datetime.date.today().year
+            self.years = range(this_year, this_year+10)
+
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
+        try:
+            value = datetime.date(*map(int, value.split('-')))
+            year_val, month_val, day_val = value.year, value.month, value.day
+        except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
+            year_val = month_val = day_val = None
+
+        output = []
+
+        month_choices = MONTHS.items()
+        month_choices.sort()
+        select_html = Select(choices=month_choices).render(self.month_field % name, month_val)
+        output.append(select_html)
+
+        day_choices = [(i, i) for i in range(1, 32)]
+        select_html = Select(choices=day_choices).render(self.day_field % name, day_val)
+        output.append(select_html)
+
+        year_choices = [(i, i) for i in self.years]
+        select_html = Select(choices=year_choices).render(self.year_field % name, year_val)
+        output.append(select_html)
+
+        return u'\n'.join(output)
+
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        y, m, d = data.get(self.year_field % name), data.get(self.month_field % name), data.get(self.day_field % name)
+        if y and m and d:
+            return '%s-%s-%s' % (y, m, d)
+        return None
diff --git a/django/newforms/fields.py b/django/newforms/fields.py
index fada75fe5d..e9e1fb7746 100644
--- a/django/newforms/fields.py
+++ b/django/newforms/fields.py
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ Field classes
 """
 
 from django.utils.translation import gettext
-from util import ValidationError, smart_unicode
-from widgets import TextInput, CheckboxInput, Select, SelectMultiple
+from util import ErrorList, ValidationError, smart_unicode
+from widgets import TextInput, PasswordInput, HiddenInput, MultipleHiddenInput, CheckboxInput, Select, NullBooleanSelect, SelectMultiple
 import datetime
 import re
 import time
@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@ import time
 __all__ = (
     'Field', 'CharField', 'IntegerField',
     'DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS', 'DateField',
+    'DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS', 'TimeField',
     'DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS', 'DateTimeField',
     'RegexField', 'EmailField', 'URLField', 'BooleanField',
-    'ChoiceField', 'MultipleChoiceField',
-    'ComboField',
+    'ChoiceField', 'NullBooleanField', 'MultipleChoiceField',
+    'ComboField', 'MultiValueField',
+    'SplitDateTimeField',
 )
 
 # These values, if given to to_python(), will trigger the self.required check.
@@ -28,15 +30,37 @@ except NameError:
 
 class Field(object):
     widget = TextInput # Default widget to use when rendering this type of Field.
+    hidden_widget = HiddenInput # Default widget to use when rendering this as "hidden".
 
     # Tracks each time a Field instance is created. Used to retain order.
     creation_counter = 0
 
-    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None):
-        self.required = required
+    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None):
+        # required -- Boolean that specifies whether the field is required.
+        #             True by default.
+        # widget -- A Widget class, or instance of a Widget class, that should be
+        #         used for this Field when displaying it. Each Field has a default
+        #         Widget that it'll use if you don't specify this. In most cases,
+        #         the default widget is TextInput.
+        # label -- A verbose name for this field, for use in displaying this field in
+        #         a form. By default, Django will use a "pretty" version of the form
+        #         field name, if the Field is part of a Form.
+        # initial -- A value to use in this Field's initial display. This value is
+        #            *not* used as a fallback if data isn't given.
+        # help_text -- An optional string to use as "help text" for this Field.
+        if label is not None:
+            label = smart_unicode(label)
+        self.required, self.label, self.initial = required, label, initial
+        self.help_text = help_text
         widget = widget or self.widget
         if isinstance(widget, type):
             widget = widget()
+
+        # Hook into self.widget_attrs() for any Field-specific HTML attributes.
+        extra_attrs = self.widget_attrs(widget)
+        if extra_attrs:
+            widget.attrs.update(extra_attrs)
+
         self.widget = widget
 
         # Increase the creation counter, and save our local copy.
@@ -54,15 +78,24 @@ class Field(object):
             raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This field is required.'))
         return value
 
+    def widget_attrs(self, widget):
+        """
+        Given a Widget instance (*not* a Widget class), returns a dictionary of
+        any HTML attributes that should be added to the Widget, based on this
+        Field.
+        """
+        return {}
+
 class CharField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, *args, **kwargs):
         self.max_length, self.min_length = max_length, min_length
+        super(CharField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def clean(self, value):
         "Validates max_length and min_length. Returns a Unicode object."
-        Field.clean(self, value)
-        if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
+        super(CharField, self).clean(value)
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            return u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
         if self.max_length is not None and len(value) > self.max_length:
             raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at most %d characters.') % self.max_length)
@@ -70,19 +103,32 @@ class CharField(Field):
             raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at least %d characters.') % self.min_length)
         return value
 
+    def widget_attrs(self, widget):
+        if self.max_length is not None and isinstance(widget, (TextInput, PasswordInput)):
+            return {'maxlength': str(self.max_length)}
+
 class IntegerField(Field):
+    def __init__(self, max_value=None, min_value=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.max_value, self.min_value = max_value, min_value
+        super(IntegerField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
     def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that int() can be called on the input. Returns the result
-        of int().
+        of int(). Returns None for empty values.
         """
         super(IntegerField, self).clean(value)
-        if not self.required and value in EMPTY_VALUES:
-            return u''
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            return None
         try:
-            return int(value)
+            value = int(value)
         except (ValueError, TypeError):
             raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a whole number.'))
+        if self.max_value is not None and value > self.max_value:
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value is less than or equal to %s.') % self.max_value)
+        if self.min_value is not None and value < self.min_value:
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value is greater than or equal to %s.') % self.min_value)
+        return value
 
 DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = (
     '%Y-%m-%d', '%m/%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y', # '2006-10-25', '10/25/2006', '10/25/06'
@@ -93,8 +139,8 @@ DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = (
 )
 
 class DateField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(DateField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -102,7 +148,7 @@ class DateField(Field):
         Validates that the input can be converted to a date. Returns a Python
         datetime.date object.
         """
-        Field.clean(self, value)
+        super(DateField, self).clean(value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
@@ -116,6 +162,33 @@ class DateField(Field):
                 continue
         raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid date.'))
 
+DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
+    '%H:%M:%S',     # '14:30:59'
+    '%H:%M',        # '14:30'
+)
+
+class TimeField(Field):
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(TimeField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS
+
+    def clean(self, value):
+        """
+        Validates that the input can be converted to a time. Returns a Python
+        datetime.time object.
+        """
+        super(TimeField, self).clean(value)
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            return None
+        if isinstance(value, datetime.time):
+            return value
+        for format in self.input_formats:
+            try:
+                return datetime.time(*time.strptime(value, format)[3:6])
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+        raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid time.'))
+
 DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',     # '2006-10-25 14:30:59'
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M',        # '2006-10-25 14:30'
@@ -129,8 +202,8 @@ DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
 )
 
 class DateTimeField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(DateTimeField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -138,7 +211,7 @@ class DateTimeField(Field):
         Validates that the input can be converted to a datetime. Returns a
         Python datetime.datetime object.
         """
-        Field.clean(self, value)
+        super(DateTimeField, self).clean(value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
@@ -153,16 +226,17 @@ class DateTimeField(Field):
         raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid date/time.'))
 
 class RegexField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, regex, error_message=None, required=True, widget=None):
+    def __init__(self, regex, max_length=None, min_length=None, error_message=None, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         regex can be either a string or a compiled regular expression object.
         error_message is an optional error message to use, if
         'Enter a valid value' is too generic for you.
         """
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+        super(RegexField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         if isinstance(regex, basestring):
             regex = re.compile(regex)
         self.regex = regex
+        self.max_length, self.min_length = max_length, min_length
         self.error_message = error_message or gettext(u'Enter a valid value.')
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -170,11 +244,16 @@ class RegexField(Field):
         Validates that the input matches the regular expression. Returns a
         Unicode object.
         """
-        Field.clean(self, value)
-        if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
+        super(RegexField, self).clean(value)
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            value = u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
-        if not self.required and value == u'':
+        if value == u'':
             return value
+        if self.max_length is not None and len(value) > self.max_length:
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at most %d characters.') % self.max_length)
+        if self.min_length is not None and len(value) < self.min_length:
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at least %d characters.') % self.min_length)
         if not self.regex.search(value):
             raise ValidationError(self.error_message)
         return value
@@ -185,8 +264,9 @@ email_re = re.compile(
     r')@(?:[A-Z0-9-]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}$', re.IGNORECASE)  # domain
 
 class EmailField(RegexField):
-    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None):
-        RegexField.__init__(self, email_re, gettext(u'Enter a valid e-mail address.'), required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        RegexField.__init__(self, email_re, max_length, min_length,
+            gettext(u'Enter a valid e-mail address.'), *args, **kwargs)
 
 url_re = re.compile(
     r'^https?://' # http:// or https://
@@ -202,14 +282,16 @@ except ImportError:
     URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT = 'Django (http://www.djangoproject.com/)'
 
 class URLField(RegexField):
-    def __init__(self, required=True, verify_exists=False, widget=None,
-            validator_user_agent=URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT):
-        RegexField.__init__(self, url_re, gettext(u'Enter a valid URL.'), required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, verify_exists=False,
+            validator_user_agent=URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(URLField, self).__init__(url_re, max_length, min_length, gettext(u'Enter a valid URL.'), *args, **kwargs)
         self.verify_exists = verify_exists
         self.user_agent = validator_user_agent
 
     def clean(self, value):
-        value = RegexField.clean(self, value)
+        value = super(URLField, self).clean(value)
+        if value == u'':
+            return value
         if self.verify_exists:
             import urllib2
             from django.conf import settings
@@ -234,24 +316,43 @@ class BooleanField(Field):
 
     def clean(self, value):
         "Returns a Python boolean object."
-        Field.clean(self, value)
+        super(BooleanField, self).clean(value)
         return bool(value)
 
+class NullBooleanField(BooleanField):
+    """
+    A field whose valid values are None, True and False. Invalid values are
+    cleaned to None.
+    """
+    widget = NullBooleanSelect
+
+    def clean(self, value):
+        return {True: True, False: False}.get(value, None)
+
 class ChoiceField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=Select):
-        if isinstance(widget, type):
-            widget = widget(choices=choices)
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=Select, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None):
+        super(ChoiceField, self).__init__(required, widget, label, initial, help_text)
         self.choices = choices
 
+    def _get_choices(self):
+        return self._choices
+
+    def _set_choices(self, value):
+        # Setting choices also sets the choices on the widget.
+        self._choices = value
+        self.widget.choices = value
+
+    choices = property(_get_choices, _set_choices)
+
     def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input is in self.choices.
         """
-        value = Field.clean(self, value)
-        if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
+        value = super(ChoiceField, self).clean(value)
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            value = u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
-        if not self.required and value == u'':
+        if value == u'':
             return value
         valid_values = set([str(k) for k, v in self.choices])
         if value not in valid_values:
@@ -259,8 +360,10 @@ class ChoiceField(Field):
         return value
 
 class MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField):
-    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=SelectMultiple):
-        ChoiceField.__init__(self, choices, required, widget)
+    hidden_widget = MultipleHiddenInput
+
+    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=SelectMultiple, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None):
+        super(MultipleChoiceField, self).__init__(choices, required, widget, label, initial, help_text)
 
     def clean(self, value):
         """
@@ -284,8 +387,11 @@ class MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField):
         return new_value
 
 class ComboField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, fields=(), required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    """
+    A Field whose clean() method calls multiple Field clean() methods.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, fields=(), *args, **kwargs):
+        super(ComboField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
         # Set 'required' to False on the individual fields, because the
         # required validation will be handled by ComboField, not by those
         # individual fields.
@@ -298,7 +404,88 @@ class ComboField(Field):
         Validates the given value against all of self.fields, which is a
         list of Field instances.
         """
-        Field.clean(self, value)
+        super(ComboField, self).clean(value)
         for field in self.fields:
             value = field.clean(value)
         return value
+
+class MultiValueField(Field):
+    """
+    A Field that is composed of multiple Fields.
+
+    Its clean() method takes a "decompressed" list of values. Each value in
+    this list is cleaned by the corresponding field -- the first value is
+    cleaned by the first field, the second value is cleaned by the second
+    field, etc. Once all fields are cleaned, the list of clean values is
+    "compressed" into a single value.
+
+    Subclasses should implement compress(), which specifies how a list of
+    valid values should be converted to a single value. Subclasses should not
+    have to implement clean().
+
+    You'll probably want to use this with MultiWidget.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, fields=(), *args, **kwargs):
+        super(MultiValueField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        # Set 'required' to False on the individual fields, because the
+        # required validation will be handled by MultiValueField, not by those
+        # individual fields.
+        for f in fields:
+            f.required = False
+        self.fields = fields
+
+    def clean(self, value):
+        """
+        Validates every value in the given list. A value is validated against
+        the corresponding Field in self.fields.
+
+        For example, if this MultiValueField was instantiated with
+        fields=(DateField(), TimeField()), clean() would call
+        DateField.clean(value[0]) and TimeField.clean(value[1]).
+        """
+        clean_data = []
+        errors = ErrorList()
+        if self.required and not value:
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This field is required.'))
+        elif not self.required and not value:
+            return self.compress([])
+        if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a list of values.'))
+        for i, field in enumerate(self.fields):
+            try:
+                field_value = value[i]
+            except KeyError:
+                field_value = None
+            if self.required and field_value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+                raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This field is required.'))
+            try:
+                clean_data.append(field.clean(field_value))
+            except ValidationError, e:
+                # Collect all validation errors in a single list, which we'll
+                # raise at the end of clean(), rather than raising a single
+                # exception for the first error we encounter.
+                errors.extend(e.messages)
+        if errors:
+            raise ValidationError(errors)
+        return self.compress(clean_data)
+
+    def compress(self, data_list):
+        """
+        Returns a single value for the given list of values. The values can be
+        assumed to be valid.
+
+        For example, if this MultiValueField was instantiated with
+        fields=(DateField(), TimeField()), this might return a datetime
+        object created by combining the date and time in data_list.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Subclasses must implement this method.')
+
+class SplitDateTimeField(MultiValueField):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        fields = (DateField(), TimeField())
+        super(SplitDateTimeField, self).__init__(fields, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def compress(self, data_list):
+        if data_list:
+            return datetime.datetime.combine(*data_list)
+        return None
diff --git a/django/newforms/forms.py b/django/newforms/forms.py
index e0b3d500b5..7e29941bef 100644
--- a/django/newforms/forms.py
+++ b/django/newforms/forms.py
@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@
 Form classes
 """
 
-from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict
+from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict, MultiValueDict
 from django.utils.html import escape
 from fields import Field
-from widgets import TextInput, Textarea, HiddenInput
-from util import StrAndUnicode, ErrorDict, ErrorList, ValidationError
+from widgets import TextInput, Textarea, HiddenInput, MultipleHiddenInput
+from util import flatatt, StrAndUnicode, ErrorDict, ErrorList, ValidationError
+
+__all__ = ('BaseForm', 'Form')
 
 NON_FIELD_ERRORS = '__all__'
 
@@ -24,24 +26,35 @@ class SortedDictFromList(SortedDict):
         self.keyOrder = [d[0] for d in data]
         dict.__init__(self, dict(data))
 
+    def copy(self):
+        return SortedDictFromList(self.items())
+
 class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(type):
-    "Metaclass that converts Field attributes to a dictionary called 'fields'."
+    "Metaclass that converts Field attributes to a dictionary called 'base_fields'."
     def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
-        fields = [(name, attrs.pop(name)) for name, obj in attrs.items() if isinstance(obj, Field)]
+        fields = [(field_name, attrs.pop(field_name)) for field_name, obj in attrs.items() if isinstance(obj, Field)]
         fields.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(x[1].creation_counter, y[1].creation_counter))
-        attrs['fields'] = SortedDictFromList(fields)
+        attrs['base_fields'] = SortedDictFromList(fields)
         return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
 
-class Form(StrAndUnicode):
-    "A collection of Fields, plus their associated data."
-    __metaclass__ = DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass
-
-    def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id=False): # TODO: prefix stuff
-        self.ignore_errors = data is None
+class BaseForm(StrAndUnicode):
+    # This is the main implementation of all the Form logic. Note that this
+    # class is different than Form. See the comments by the Form class for more
+    # information. Any improvements to the form API should be made to *this*
+    # class, not to the Form class.
+    def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id='id_%s', prefix=None, initial=None):
+        self.is_bound = data is not None
         self.data = data or {}
         self.auto_id = auto_id
-        self.clean_data = None # Stores the data after clean() has been called.
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.initial = initial or {}
         self.__errors = None # Stores the errors after clean() has been called.
+        # The base_fields class attribute is the *class-wide* definition of
+        # fields. Because a particular *instance* of the class might want to
+        # alter self.fields, we create self.fields here by copying base_fields.
+        # Instances should always modify self.fields; they should not modify
+        # self.base_fields.
+        self.fields = self.base_fields.copy()
 
     def __unicode__(self):
         return self.as_table()
@@ -70,9 +83,18 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
         Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. If errors are
         being ignored, returns False.
         """
-        return not self.ignore_errors and not bool(self.errors)
+        return self.is_bound and not bool(self.errors)
+
+    def add_prefix(self, field_name):
+        """
+        Returns the field name with a prefix appended, if this Form has a
+        prefix set.
+
+        Subclasses may wish to override.
+        """
+        return self.prefix and ('%s-%s' % (self.prefix, field_name)) or field_name
 
-    def _html_output(self, normal_row, error_row, row_ender, errors_on_separate_row):
+    def _html_output(self, normal_row, error_row, row_ender, help_text_html, errors_on_separate_row):
         "Helper function for outputting HTML. Used by as_table(), as_ul(), as_p()."
         top_errors = self.non_field_errors() # Errors that should be displayed above all fields.
         output, hidden_fields = [], []
@@ -86,7 +108,12 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
             else:
                 if errors_on_separate_row and bf_errors:
                     output.append(error_row % bf_errors)
-                output.append(normal_row % {'errors': bf_errors, 'label': bf.label_tag(escape(bf.verbose_name+':')), 'field': bf})
+                label = bf.label and bf.label_tag(escape(bf.label + ':')) or ''
+                if field.help_text:
+                    help_text = help_text_html % field.help_text
+                else:
+                    help_text = u''
+                output.append(normal_row % {'errors': bf_errors, 'label': label, 'field': unicode(bf), 'help_text': help_text})
         if top_errors:
             output.insert(0, error_row % top_errors)
         if hidden_fields: # Insert any hidden fields in the last row.
@@ -101,15 +128,15 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
 
     def as_table(self):
         "Returns this form rendered as HTML <tr>s -- excluding the <table></table>."
-        return self._html_output(u'<tr><td>%(label)s</td><td>%(field)s</td></tr>', u'<tr><td colspan="2">%s</td></tr>', '</td></tr>', True)
+        return self._html_output(u'<tr><th>%(label)s</th><td>%(errors)s%(field)s%(help_text)s</td></tr>', u'<tr><td colspan="2">%s</td></tr>', '</td></tr>', u'<br />%s', False)
 
     def as_ul(self):
         "Returns this form rendered as HTML <li>s -- excluding the <ul></ul>."
-        return self._html_output(u'<li>%(errors)s%(label)s %(field)s</li>', u'<li>%s</li>', '</li>', False)
+        return self._html_output(u'<li>%(errors)s%(label)s %(field)s%(help_text)s</li>', u'<li>%s</li>', '</li>', u' %s', False)
 
     def as_p(self):
         "Returns this form rendered as HTML <p>s."
-        return self._html_output(u'<p>%(label)s %(field)s</p>', u'<p>%s</p>', '</p>', True)
+        return self._html_output(u'<p>%(label)s %(field)s%(help_text)s</p>', u'<p>%s</p>', '</p>', u' %s', True)
 
     def non_field_errors(self):
         """
@@ -123,16 +150,16 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
         """
         Cleans all of self.data and populates self.__errors and self.clean_data.
         """
-        self.clean_data = {}
         errors = ErrorDict()
-        if self.ignore_errors: # Stop further processing.
+        if not self.is_bound: # Stop further processing.
             self.__errors = errors
             return
+        self.clean_data = {}
         for name, field in self.fields.items():
             # value_from_datadict() gets the data from the dictionary.
             # Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some
             # widgets split data over several HTML fields.
-            value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, name)
+            value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.add_prefix(name))
             try:
                 value = field.clean(value)
                 self.clean_data[name] = value
@@ -146,7 +173,7 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
         except ValidationError, e:
             errors[NON_FIELD_ERRORS] = e.messages
         if errors:
-            self.clean_data = None
+            delattr(self, 'clean_data')
         self.__errors = errors
 
     def clean(self):
@@ -158,12 +185,26 @@ class Form(StrAndUnicode):
         """
         return self.clean_data
 
+class Form(BaseForm):
+    "A collection of Fields, plus their associated data."
+    # This is a separate class from BaseForm in order to abstract the way
+    # self.fields is specified. This class (Form) is the one that does the
+    # fancy metaclass stuff purely for the semantic sugar -- it allows one
+    # to define a form using declarative syntax.
+    # BaseForm itself has no way of designating self.fields.
+    __metaclass__ = DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass
+
 class BoundField(StrAndUnicode):
     "A Field plus data"
     def __init__(self, form, field, name):
         self.form = form
         self.field = field
         self.name = name
+        self.html_name = form.add_prefix(name)
+        if self.field.label is None:
+            self.label = pretty_name(name)
+        else:
+            self.label = self.field.label
 
     def __unicode__(self):
         "Renders this field as an HTML widget."
@@ -190,7 +231,11 @@ class BoundField(StrAndUnicode):
         auto_id = self.auto_id
         if auto_id and not attrs.has_key('id') and not widget.attrs.has_key('id'):
             attrs['id'] = auto_id
-        return widget.render(self.name, self.data, attrs=attrs)
+        if not self.form.is_bound:
+            data = self.form.initial.get(self.name, self.field.initial)
+        else:
+            data = self.data
+        return widget.render(self.html_name, data, attrs=attrs)
 
     def as_text(self, attrs=None):
         """
@@ -206,28 +251,29 @@ class BoundField(StrAndUnicode):
         """
         Returns a string of HTML for representing this as an <input type="hidden">.
         """
-        return self.as_widget(HiddenInput(), attrs)
+        return self.as_widget(self.field.hidden_widget(), attrs)
 
     def _data(self):
-        "Returns the data for this BoundField, or None if it wasn't given."
-        return self.form.data.get(self.name, None)
+        """
+        Returns the data for this BoundField, or None if it wasn't given.
+        """
+        return self.field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.form.data, self.html_name)
     data = property(_data)
 
-    def _verbose_name(self):
-        return pretty_name(self.name)
-    verbose_name = property(_verbose_name)
-
-    def label_tag(self, contents=None):
+    def label_tag(self, contents=None, attrs=None):
         """
         Wraps the given contents in a <label>, if the field has an ID attribute.
         Does not HTML-escape the contents. If contents aren't given, uses the
-        field's HTML-escaped verbose_name.
+        field's HTML-escaped label.
+
+        If attrs are given, they're used as HTML attributes on the <label> tag.
         """
-        contents = contents or escape(self.verbose_name)
+        contents = contents or escape(self.label)
         widget = self.field.widget
         id_ = widget.attrs.get('id') or self.auto_id
         if id_:
-            contents = '<label for="%s">%s</label>' % (widget.id_for_label(id_), contents)
+            attrs = attrs and flatatt(attrs) or ''
+            contents = '<label for="%s"%s>%s</label>' % (widget.id_for_label(id_), attrs, contents)
         return contents
 
     def _is_hidden(self):
@@ -242,8 +288,8 @@ class BoundField(StrAndUnicode):
         """
         auto_id = self.form.auto_id
         if auto_id and '%s' in str(auto_id):
-            return str(auto_id) % self.name
+            return str(auto_id) % self.html_name
         elif auto_id:
-            return self.name
+            return self.html_name
         return ''
     auto_id = property(_auto_id)
diff --git a/django/newforms/models.py b/django/newforms/models.py
index d99619c44a..a938b6350e 100644
--- a/django/newforms/models.py
+++ b/django/newforms/models.py
@@ -1,13 +1,98 @@
 """
-Helper functions for creating Forms from Django models and database field objects.
+Helper functions for creating Form classes from Django models
+and database field objects.
 """
 
-__all__ = ('form_for_model', 'form_for_fields')
+from forms import BaseForm, DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass, SortedDictFromList
 
-def form_for_model(model):
-    "Returns a Form instance for the given Django model class."
-    raise NotImplementedError
+__all__ = ('save_instance', 'form_for_model', 'form_for_instance', 'form_for_fields')
+
+def model_save(self, commit=True):
+    """
+    Creates and returns model instance according to self.clean_data.
+
+    This method is created for any form_for_model Form.
+    """
+    if self.errors:
+        raise ValueError("The %s could not be created because the data didn't validate." % self._model._meta.object_name)
+    return save_instance(self, self._model(), commit)
+
+def save_instance(form, instance, commit=True):
+    """
+    Saves bound Form ``form``'s clean_data into model instance ``instance``.
+
+    Assumes ``form`` has a field for every non-AutoField database field in
+    ``instance``. If commit=True, then the changes to ``instance`` will be
+    saved to the database. Returns ``instance``.
+    """
+    from django.db import models
+    opts = instance.__class__._meta
+    if form.errors:
+        raise ValueError("The %s could not be changed because the data didn't validate." % opts.object_name)
+    clean_data = form.clean_data
+    for f in opts.fields:
+        if isinstance(f, models.AutoField):
+            continue
+        setattr(instance, f.attname, clean_data[f.name])
+    if commit:
+        instance.save()
+        for f in opts.many_to_many:
+            setattr(instance, f.attname, clean_data[f.name])
+    # GOTCHA: If many-to-many data is given and commit=False, the many-to-many
+    # data will be lost. This happens because a many-to-many options cannot be
+    # set on an object until after it's saved. Maybe we should raise an
+    # exception in that case.
+    return instance
+
+def make_instance_save(instance):
+    "Returns the save() method for a form_for_instance Form."
+    def save(self, commit=True):
+        return save_instance(self, instance, commit)
+    return save
+
+def form_for_model(model, form=BaseForm, formfield_callback=lambda f: f.formfield()):
+    """
+    Returns a Form class for the given Django model class.
+
+    Provide ``form`` if you want to use a custom BaseForm subclass.
+
+    Provide ``formfield_callback`` if you want to define different logic for
+    determining the formfield for a given database field. It's a callable that
+    takes a database Field instance and returns a form Field instance.
+    """
+    opts = model._meta
+    field_list = []
+    for f in opts.fields + opts.many_to_many:
+        formfield = formfield_callback(f)
+        if formfield:
+            field_list.append((f.name, formfield))
+    fields = SortedDictFromList(field_list)
+    return type(opts.object_name + 'Form', (form,), {'base_fields': fields, '_model': model, 'save': model_save})
+
+def form_for_instance(instance, form=BaseForm, formfield_callback=lambda f, **kwargs: f.formfield(**kwargs)):
+    """
+    Returns a Form class for the given Django model instance.
+
+    Provide ``form`` if you want to use a custom BaseForm subclass.
+
+    Provide ``formfield_callback`` if you want to define different logic for
+    determining the formfield for a given database field. It's a callable that
+    takes a database Field instance, plus **kwargs, and returns a form Field
+    instance with the given kwargs (i.e. 'initial').
+    """
+    model = instance.__class__
+    opts = model._meta
+    field_list = []
+    for f in opts.fields + opts.many_to_many:
+        current_value = f.value_from_object(instance)
+        formfield = formfield_callback(f, initial=current_value)
+        if formfield:
+            field_list.append((f.name, formfield))
+    fields = SortedDictFromList(field_list)
+    return type(opts.object_name + 'InstanceForm', (form,),
+        {'base_fields': fields, '_model': model, 'save': make_instance_save(instance)})
 
 def form_for_fields(field_list):
-    "Returns a Form instance for the given list of Django database field instances."
-    raise NotImplementedError
+    "Returns a Form class for the given list of Django database field instances."
+    fields = SortedDictFromList([(f.name, f.formfield()) for f in field_list])
+    return type('FormForFields', (BaseForm,), {'base_fields': fields})
diff --git a/django/newforms/util.py b/django/newforms/util.py
index a78623a17b..2fec9e4e2e 100644
--- a/django/newforms/util.py
+++ b/django/newforms/util.py
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 from django.conf import settings
+from django.utils.html import escape
+
+# Converts a dictionary to a single string with key="value", XML-style with
+# a leading space. Assumes keys do not need to be XML-escaped.
+flatatt = lambda attrs: u''.join([u' %s="%s"' % (k, escape(v)) for k, v in attrs.items()])
 
 def smart_unicode(s):
     if not isinstance(s, basestring):
diff --git a/django/newforms/widgets.py b/django/newforms/widgets.py
index 1a2d7d67c9..585e12cc18 100644
--- a/django/newforms/widgets.py
+++ b/django/newforms/widgets.py
@@ -3,13 +3,16 @@ HTML Widget classes
 """
 
 __all__ = (
-    'Widget', 'TextInput', 'PasswordInput', 'HiddenInput', 'FileInput',
-    'Textarea', 'CheckboxInput',
-    'Select', 'SelectMultiple', 'RadioSelect', 'CheckboxSelectMultiple',
+    'Widget', 'TextInput', 'PasswordInput', 'HiddenInput', 'MultipleHiddenInput',
+    'FileInput', 'Textarea', 'CheckboxInput',
+    'Select', 'NullBooleanSelect', 'SelectMultiple', 'RadioSelect', 'CheckboxSelectMultiple',
+    'MultiWidget', 'SplitDateTimeWidget',
 )
 
-from util import StrAndUnicode, smart_unicode
+from util import flatatt, StrAndUnicode, smart_unicode
+from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
 from django.utils.html import escape
+from django.utils.translation import gettext
 from itertools import chain
 
 try:
@@ -17,18 +20,19 @@ try:
 except NameError:
     from sets import Set as set # Python 2.3 fallback
 
-# Converts a dictionary to a single string with key="value", XML-style with
-# a leading space. Assumes keys do not need to be XML-escaped.
-flatatt = lambda attrs: u''.join([u' %s="%s"' % (k, escape(v)) for k, v in attrs.items()])
-
 class Widget(object):
-    requires_data_list = False # Determines whether render()'s 'value' argument should be a list.
     is_hidden = False          # Determines whether this corresponds to an <input type="hidden">.
 
     def __init__(self, attrs=None):
         self.attrs = attrs or {}
 
-    def render(self, name, value):
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
+        """
+        Returns this Widget rendered as HTML, as a Unicode string.
+
+        The 'value' given is not guaranteed to be valid input, so subclass
+        implementations should program defensively.
+        """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
     def build_attrs(self, extra_attrs=None, **kwargs):
@@ -64,6 +68,7 @@ class Input(Widget):
     type='radio', which are special).
     """
     input_type = None # Subclasses must define this.
+
     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
         if value is None: value = ''
         final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, type=self.input_type, name=name)
@@ -80,6 +85,26 @@ class HiddenInput(Input):
     input_type = 'hidden'
     is_hidden = True
 
+class MultipleHiddenInput(HiddenInput):
+    """
+    A widget that handles <input type="hidden"> for fields that have a list
+    of values.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None, choices=()):
+        # choices can be any iterable
+        self.attrs = attrs or {}
+        self.choices = choices
+
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
+        if value is None: value = []
+        final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, type=self.input_type, name=name)
+        return u'\n'.join([(u'<input%s />' % flatatt(dict(value=smart_unicode(v), **final_attrs))) for v in value])
+
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        if isinstance(data, MultiValueDict):
+            return data.getlist(name)
+        return data.get(name, None)
+
 class FileInput(Input):
     input_type = 'file'
 
@@ -111,9 +136,11 @@ class CheckboxInput(Widget):
 
 class Select(Widget):
     def __init__(self, attrs=None, choices=()):
-        # choices can be any iterable
         self.attrs = attrs or {}
-        self.choices = choices
+        # choices can be any iterable, but we may need to render this widget
+        # multiple times. Thus, collapse it into a list so it can be consumed
+        # more than once.
+        self.choices = list(choices)
 
     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
         if value is None: value = ''
@@ -127,8 +154,26 @@ class Select(Widget):
         output.append(u'</select>')
         return u'\n'.join(output)
 
+class NullBooleanSelect(Select):
+    """
+    A Select Widget intended to be used with NullBooleanField.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None):
+        choices = ((u'1', gettext('Unknown')), (u'2', gettext('Yes')), (u'3', gettext('No')))
+        super(NullBooleanSelect, self).__init__(attrs, choices)
+
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
+        try:
+            value = {True: u'2', False: u'3', u'2': u'2', u'3': u'3'}[value]
+        except KeyError:
+            value = u'1'
+        return super(NullBooleanSelect, self).render(name, value, attrs, choices)
+
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        value = data.get(name, None)
+        return {u'2': True, u'3': False, True: True, False: False}.get(value, None)
+
 class SelectMultiple(Widget):
-    requires_data_list = True
     def __init__(self, attrs=None, choices=()):
         # choices can be any iterable
         self.attrs = attrs or {}
@@ -146,19 +191,25 @@ class SelectMultiple(Widget):
         output.append(u'</select>')
         return u'\n'.join(output)
 
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        if isinstance(data, MultiValueDict):
+            return data.getlist(name)
+        return data.get(name, None)
+
 class RadioInput(StrAndUnicode):
     "An object used by RadioFieldRenderer that represents a single <input type='radio'>."
     def __init__(self, name, value, attrs, choice, index):
         self.name, self.value = name, value
         self.attrs = attrs
-        self.choice_value, self.choice_label = choice
+        self.choice_value = smart_unicode(choice[0])
+        self.choice_label = smart_unicode(choice[1])
         self.index = index
 
     def __unicode__(self):
         return u'<label>%s %s</label>' % (self.tag(), self.choice_label)
 
     def is_checked(self):
-        return self.value == smart_unicode(self.choice_value)
+        return self.value == self.choice_value
 
     def tag(self):
         if self.attrs.has_key('id'):
@@ -178,6 +229,10 @@ class RadioFieldRenderer(StrAndUnicode):
         for i, choice in enumerate(self.choices):
             yield RadioInput(self.name, self.value, self.attrs.copy(), choice, i)
 
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        choice = self.choices[idx] # Let the IndexError propogate
+        return RadioInput(self.name, self.value, self.attrs.copy(), choice, idx)
+
     def __unicode__(self):
         "Outputs a <ul> for this set of radio fields."
         return u'<ul>\n%s\n</ul>' % u'\n'.join([u'<li>%s</li>' % w for w in self])
@@ -203,11 +258,16 @@ class RadioSelect(Select):
 class CheckboxSelectMultiple(SelectMultiple):
     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
         if value is None: value = []
+        has_id = attrs and attrs.has_key('id')
         final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
         output = [u'<ul>']
         str_values = set([smart_unicode(v) for v in value]) # Normalize to strings.
-        cb = CheckboxInput(final_attrs, check_test=lambda value: value in str_values)
-        for option_value, option_label in chain(self.choices, choices):
+        for i, (option_value, option_label) in enumerate(chain(self.choices, choices)):
+            # If an ID attribute was given, add a numeric index as a suffix,
+            # so that the checkboxes don't all have the same ID attribute.
+            if has_id:
+                final_attrs = dict(final_attrs, id='%s_%s' % (attrs['id'], i))
+            cb = CheckboxInput(final_attrs, check_test=lambda value: value in str_values)
             option_value = smart_unicode(option_value)
             rendered_cb = cb.render(name, option_value)
             output.append(u'<li><label>%s %s</label></li>' % (rendered_cb, escape(smart_unicode(option_label))))
@@ -220,3 +280,66 @@ class CheckboxSelectMultiple(SelectMultiple):
             id_ += '_0'
         return id_
     id_for_label = classmethod(id_for_label)
+
+class MultiWidget(Widget):
+    """
+    A widget that is composed of multiple widgets.
+
+    Its render() method takes a "decompressed" list of values, not a single
+    value. Each value in this list is rendered in the corresponding widget --
+    the first value is rendered in the first widget, the second value is
+    rendered in the second widget, etc.
+
+    Subclasses should implement decompress(), which specifies how a single
+    value should be converted to a list of values. Subclasses should not
+    have to implement clean().
+
+    Subclasses may implement format_output(), which takes the list of rendered
+    widgets and returns HTML that formats them any way you'd like.
+
+    You'll probably want to use this with MultiValueField.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, widgets, attrs=None):
+        self.widgets = [isinstance(w, type) and w() or w for w in widgets]
+        super(MultiWidget, self).__init__(attrs)
+
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
+        # value is a list of values, each corresponding to a widget
+        # in self.widgets.
+        if not isinstance(value, list):
+            value = self.decompress(value)
+        output = []
+        for i, widget in enumerate(self.widgets):
+            try:
+                widget_value = value[i]
+            except KeyError:
+                widget_value = None
+            output.append(widget.render(name + '_%s' % i, widget_value, attrs))
+        return self.format_output(output)
+
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        return [data.get(name + '_%s' % i) for i in range(len(self.widgets))]
+
+    def format_output(self, rendered_widgets):
+        return u''.join(rendered_widgets)
+
+    def decompress(self, value):
+        """
+        Returns a list of decompressed values for the given compressed value.
+        The given value can be assumed to be valid, but not necessarily
+        non-empty.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError('Subclasses must implement this method.')
+
+class SplitDateTimeWidget(MultiWidget):
+    """
+    A Widget that splits datetime input into two <input type="text"> boxes.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None):
+        widgets = (TextInput(attrs=attrs), TextInput(attrs=attrs))
+        super(SplitDateTimeWidget, self).__init__(widgets, attrs)
+
+    def decompress(self, value):
+        if value:
+            return [value.date(), value.time()]
+        return [None, None]
diff --git a/django/oldforms/__init__.py b/django/oldforms/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..decf0f7064
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/oldforms/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1010 @@
+from django.core import validators
+from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
+from django.utils.html import escape
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.utils.translation import gettext, ngettext
+
+FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX = 'id_'
+
+class EmptyValue(Exception):
+    "This is raised when empty data is provided"
+    pass
+
+class Manipulator(object):
+    # List of permission strings. User must have at least one to manipulate.
+    # None means everybody has permission.
+    required_permission = ''
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # List of FormField objects
+        self.fields = []
+
+    def __getitem__(self, field_name):
+        "Looks up field by field name; raises KeyError on failure"
+        for field in self.fields:
+            if field.field_name == field_name:
+                return field
+        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found\n%s" % (field_name, repr(self.fields))
+
+    def __delitem__(self, field_name):
+        "Deletes the field with the given field name; raises KeyError on failure"
+        for i, field in enumerate(self.fields):
+            if field.field_name == field_name:
+                del self.fields[i]
+                return
+        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found" % field_name
+
+    def check_permissions(self, user):
+        """Confirms user has required permissions to use this manipulator; raises
+        PermissionDenied on failure."""
+        if self.required_permission is None:
+            return
+        if user.has_perm(self.required_permission):
+            return
+        raise PermissionDenied
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        """
+        Makes any necessary preparations to new_data, in place, before data has
+        been validated.
+        """
+        for field in self.fields:
+            field.prepare(new_data)
+
+    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
+        "Returns dictionary mapping field_names to error-message lists"
+        errors = {}
+        self.prepare(new_data)
+        for field in self.fields:
+            errors.update(field.get_validation_errors(new_data))
+            val_name = 'validate_%s' % field.field_name
+            if hasattr(self, val_name):
+                val = getattr(self, val_name)
+                try:
+                    field.run_validator(new_data, val)
+                except (validators.ValidationError, validators.CriticalValidationError), e:
+                    errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+
+#            if field.is_required and not new_data.get(field.field_name, False):
+#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).append(gettext_lazy('This field is required.'))
+#                continue
+#            try:
+#                validator_list = field.validator_list
+#                if hasattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name):
+#                    validator_list.append(getattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name))
+#                for validator in validator_list:
+#                    if field.is_required or new_data.get(field.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
+#                        try:
+#                            if hasattr(field, 'requires_data_list'):
+#                                validator(new_data.getlist(field.field_name), new_data)
+#                            else:
+#                                validator(new_data.get(field.field_name, ''), new_data)
+#                        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+#                            errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+#            # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
+#            # for this particular field
+#            except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
+#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        return errors
+
+    def save(self, new_data):
+        "Saves the changes and returns the new object"
+        # changes is a dictionary-like object keyed by field_name
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def do_html2python(self, new_data):
+        """
+        Convert the data from HTML data types to Python datatypes, changing the
+        object in place. This happens after validation but before storage. This
+        must happen after validation because html2python functions aren't
+        expected to deal with invalid input.
+        """
+        for field in self.fields:
+            field.convert_post_data(new_data)
+
+class FormWrapper(object):
+    """
+    A wrapper linking a Manipulator to the template system.
+    This allows dictionary-style lookups of formfields. It also handles feeding
+    prepopulated data and validation error messages to the formfield objects.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, manipulator, data=None, error_dict=None, edit_inline=True):
+        self.manipulator = manipulator
+        if data is None:
+            data = {}
+        if error_dict is None:
+            error_dict = {}
+        self.data = data
+        self.error_dict = error_dict
+        self._inline_collections = None
+        self.edit_inline = edit_inline
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.__dict__)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        for field in self.manipulator.fields:
+            if field.field_name == key:
+                data = field.extract_data(self.data)
+                return FormFieldWrapper(field, data, self.error_dict.get(field.field_name, []))
+        if self.edit_inline:
+            self.fill_inline_collections()
+            for inline_collection in self._inline_collections:
+                if inline_collection.name == key:
+                    return inline_collection
+        raise KeyError, "Could not find Formfield or InlineObjectCollection named %r" % key
+
+    def fill_inline_collections(self):
+        if not self._inline_collections:
+            ic = []
+            related_objects = self.manipulator.get_related_objects()
+            for rel_obj in related_objects:
+                data = rel_obj.extract_data(self.data)
+                inline_collection = InlineObjectCollection(self.manipulator, rel_obj, data, self.error_dict)
+                ic.append(inline_collection)
+            self._inline_collections = ic
+
+    def has_errors(self):
+        return self.error_dict != {}
+
+    def _get_fields(self):
+        try:
+            return self._fields
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._fields = [self.__getitem__(field.field_name) for field in self.manipulator.fields]
+            return self._fields
+
+    fields = property(_get_fields)
+
+class FormFieldWrapper(object):
+    "A bridge between the template system and an individual form field. Used by FormWrapper."
+    def __init__(self, formfield, data, error_list):
+        self.formfield, self.data, self.error_list = formfield, data, error_list
+        self.field_name = self.formfield.field_name # for convenience in templates
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        "Renders the field"
+        return str(self.formfield.render(self.data))
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<FormFieldWrapper for "%s">' % self.formfield.field_name
+
+    def field_list(self):
+        """
+        Like __str__(), but returns a list. Use this when the field's render()
+        method returns a list.
+        """
+        return self.formfield.render(self.data)
+
+    def errors(self):
+        return self.error_list
+
+    def html_error_list(self):
+        if self.errors():
+            return '<ul class="errorlist"><li>%s</li></ul>' % '</li><li>'.join([escape(e) for e in self.errors()])
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+    def get_id(self):
+        return self.formfield.get_id()
+
+class FormFieldCollection(FormFieldWrapper):
+    "A utility class that gives the template access to a dict of FormFieldWrappers"
+    def __init__(self, formfield_dict):
+        self.formfield_dict = formfield_dict
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.formfield_dict)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, template_key):
+        "Look up field by template key; raise KeyError on failure"
+        return self.formfield_dict[template_key]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<FormFieldCollection: %s>" % self.formfield_dict
+
+    def errors(self):
+        "Returns list of all errors in this collection's formfields"
+        errors = []
+        for field in self.formfield_dict.values():
+            if hasattr(field, 'errors'):
+                errors.extend(field.errors())
+        return errors
+
+    def has_errors(self):
+        return bool(len(self.errors()))
+
+    def html_combined_error_list(self):
+        return ''.join([field.html_error_list() for field in self.formfield_dict.values() if hasattr(field, 'errors')])
+
+class InlineObjectCollection(object):
+    "An object that acts like a sparse list of form field collections."
+    def __init__(self, parent_manipulator, rel_obj, data, errors):
+        self.parent_manipulator = parent_manipulator
+        self.rel_obj = rel_obj
+        self.data = data
+        self.errors = errors
+        self._collections = None
+        self.name = rel_obj.name
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__len__()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, k):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__getitem__(k)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, k, v):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__setitem__(k,v)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, k):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__delitem__(k)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return iter(self._collections.values())
+
+    def items(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.items()
+
+    def fill(self):
+        if self._collections:
+            return
+        else:
+            var_name = self.rel_obj.opts.object_name.lower()
+            collections = {}
+            orig = None
+            if hasattr(self.parent_manipulator, 'original_object'):
+                orig = self.parent_manipulator.original_object
+            orig_list = self.rel_obj.get_list(orig)
+
+            for i, instance in enumerate(orig_list):
+                collection = {'original': instance}
+                for f in self.rel_obj.editable_fields():
+                    for field_name in f.get_manipulator_field_names(''):
+                        full_field_name = '%s.%d.%s' % (var_name, i, field_name)
+                        field = self.parent_manipulator[full_field_name]
+                        data = field.extract_data(self.data)
+                        errors = self.errors.get(full_field_name, [])
+                        collection[field_name] = FormFieldWrapper(field, data, errors)
+                collections[i] = FormFieldCollection(collection)
+            self._collections = collections
+
+
+class FormField(object):
+    """Abstract class representing a form field.
+
+    Classes that extend FormField should define the following attributes:
+        field_name
+            The field's name for use by programs.
+        validator_list
+            A list of validation tests (callback functions) that the data for
+            this field must pass in order to be added or changed.
+        is_required
+            A Boolean. Is it a required field?
+    Subclasses should also implement a render(data) method, which is responsible
+    for rending the form field in XHTML.
+    """
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.render('')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'FormField "%s"' % self.field_name
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        "Hook for doing something to new_data (in place) before validation."
+        pass
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Hook for converting an HTML datatype (e.g. 'on' for checkboxes) to a Python type"
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_member_name(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'member_name'):
+            return self.member_name
+        else:
+            return self.field_name
+
+    def extract_data(self, data_dict):
+        if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list') and hasattr(data_dict, 'getlist'):
+            data = data_dict.getlist(self.get_member_name())
+        else:
+            data = data_dict.get(self.get_member_name(), None)
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        return data
+
+    def convert_post_data(self, new_data):
+        name = self.get_member_name()
+        if new_data.has_key(self.field_name):
+            d = new_data.getlist(self.field_name)
+            try:
+                converted_data = [self.__class__.html2python(data) for data in d]
+            except ValueError:
+                converted_data = d
+            new_data.setlist(name, converted_data)
+        else:
+            try:
+                #individual fields deal with None values themselves
+                new_data.setlist(name, [self.__class__.html2python(None)])
+            except EmptyValue:
+                new_data.setlist(name, [])
+
+
+    def run_validator(self, new_data, validator):
+        if self.is_required or new_data.get(self.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
+            if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list'):
+                validator(new_data.getlist(self.field_name), new_data)
+            else:
+                validator(new_data.get(self.field_name, ''), new_data)
+
+    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
+        errors = {}
+        if self.is_required and not new_data.get(self.field_name, False):
+            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).append(gettext('This field is required.'))
+            return errors
+        try:
+            for validator in self.validator_list:
+                try:
+                    self.run_validator(new_data, validator)
+                except validators.ValidationError, e:
+                    errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
+        # for this particular field
+        except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
+            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        return errors
+
+    def get_id(self):
+        "Returns the HTML 'id' attribute for this form field."
+        return FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX + self.field_name
+
+####################
+# GENERIC WIDGETS  #
+####################
+
+class TextField(FormField):
+    input_type = "text"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidLength, self.hasNoNewlines] + validator_list
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def isValidLength(self, data, form):
+        if data and self.maxlength and len(data.decode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)) > self.maxlength:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, ngettext("Ensure your text is less than %s character.",
+                "Ensure your text is less than %s characters.", self.maxlength) % self.maxlength
+
+    def hasNoNewlines(self, data, form):
+        if data and '\n' in data:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Line breaks are not allowed here.")
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        maxlength = ''
+        if self.maxlength:
+            maxlength = 'maxlength="%s" ' % self.maxlength
+        if isinstance(data, unicode):
+            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
+        return '<input type="%s" id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" value="%s" %s/>' % \
+            (self.input_type, self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.length, escape(data), maxlength)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class PasswordField(TextField):
+    input_type = "password"
+
+class LargeTextField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, rows=10, cols=40, is_required=False, validator_list=None, maxlength=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.rows, self.cols, self.is_required = rows, cols, is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+        if maxlength:
+            self.validator_list.append(self.isValidLength)
+            self.maxlength = maxlength
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        if isinstance(data, unicode):
+            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
+        return '<textarea id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" rows="%s" cols="%s">%s</textarea>' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.rows, self.cols, escape(data))
+
+class HiddenField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        return '<input type="hidden" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s" />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.field_name, escape(data))
+
+class CheckboxField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, checked_by_default=False, validator_list=None, is_required=False):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.checked_by_default = checked_by_default
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        checked_html = ''
+        if data or (data is '' and self.checked_by_default):
+            checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
+        return '<input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.field_name, checked_html)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Convert value from browser ('on' or '') to a Python boolean"
+        if data == 'on':
+            return True
+        return False
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SelectField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
+        self.choices, self.size, self.is_required = choices, size, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s">' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
+             self.is_required and ' required' or '', self.field_name, self.size)]
+        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
+        for value, display_name in self.choices:
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) == str_data:
+                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
+            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(display_name)))
+        output.append('  </select>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
+        str_data = str(data)
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        if str_data not in str_choices:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data': str_data, 'choices': str_choices}
+
+class NullSelectField(SelectField):
+    "This SelectField converts blank fields to None"
+    def html2python(data):
+        if not data:
+            return None
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class RadioSelectField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
+        self.choices, self.is_required = choices, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
+        self.ul_class = ul_class
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        """
+        Returns a special object, RadioFieldRenderer, that is iterable *and*
+        has a default str() rendered output.
+
+        This allows for flexible use in templates. You can just use the default
+        rendering:
+
+            {{ field_name }}
+
+        ...which will output the radio buttons in an unordered list.
+        Or, you can manually traverse each radio option for special layout:
+
+            {% for option in field_name.field_list %}
+                {{ option.field }} {{ option.label }}<br />
+            {% endfor %}
+        """
+        class RadioFieldRenderer:
+            def __init__(self, datalist, ul_class):
+                self.datalist, self.ul_class = datalist, ul_class
+            def __str__(self):
+                "Default str() output for this radio field -- a <ul>"
+                output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
+                output.extend(['<li>%s %s</li>' % (d['field'], d['label']) for d in self.datalist])
+                output.append('</ul>')
+                return ''.join(output)
+            def __iter__(self):
+                for d in self.datalist:
+                    yield d
+            def __len__(self):
+                return len(self.datalist)
+        datalist = []
+        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
+        for i, (value, display_name) in enumerate(self.choices):
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) == str_data:
+                selected_html = ' checked="checked"'
+            datalist.append({
+                'value': value,
+                'name': display_name,
+                'field': '<input type="radio" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s"%s/>' % \
+                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), self.field_name, value, selected_html),
+                'label': '<label for="%s">%s</label>' % \
+                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), display_name),
+            })
+        return RadioFieldRenderer(datalist, self.ul_class)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
+        str_data = str(data)
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        if str_data not in str_choices:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':str_data, 'choices':str_choices}
+
+class NullBooleanField(SelectField):
+    "This SelectField provides 'Yes', 'No' and 'Unknown', mapping results to True, False or None"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices=[('1', _('Unknown')), ('2', _('Yes')), ('3', _('No'))],
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None: data = '1'
+        elif data == True: data = '2'
+        elif data == False: data = '3'
+        return SelectField.render(self, data)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return {None: None, '1': None, '2': True, '3': False}[data]
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SelectMultipleField(SelectField):
+    requires_data_list = True
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" multiple="multiple">' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.size)]
+        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
+        for value, choice in self.choices:
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) in str_data_list:
+                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
+            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(choice)))
+        output.append('  </select>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, field_data, all_data):
+        # data is something like ['1', '2', '3']
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        for val in map(str, field_data):
+            if val not in str_choices:
+                raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':val, 'choices':str_choices}
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data is None:
+            raise EmptyValue
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class CheckboxSelectMultipleField(SelectMultipleField):
+    """
+    This has an identical interface to SelectMultipleField, except the rendered
+    widget is different. Instead of a <select multiple>, this widget outputs a
+    <ul> of <input type="checkbox">es.
+
+    Of course, that results in multiple form elements for the same "single"
+    field, so this class's prepare() method flattens the split data elements
+    back into the single list that validators, renderers and save() expect.
+    """
+    requires_data_list = True
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.ul_class = ul_class
+        SelectMultipleField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        # new_data has "split" this field into several fields, so flatten it
+        # back into a single list.
+        data_list = []
+        for value, readable_value in self.choices:
+            if new_data.get('%s%s' % (self.field_name, value), '') == 'on':
+                data_list.append(value)
+        new_data.setlist(self.field_name, data_list)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
+        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
+        for value, choice in self.choices:
+            checked_html = ''
+            if str(value) in str_data_list:
+                checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
+            field_name = '%s%s' % (self.field_name, value)
+            output.append('<li><input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s value="on" /> <label for="%s">%s</label></li>' % \
+                (self.get_id() + escape(value), self.__class__.__name__, field_name, checked_html,
+                self.get_id() + escape(value), choice))
+        output.append('</ul>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+####################
+# FILE UPLOADS     #
+####################
+
+class FileUploadField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isNonEmptyFile] + validator_list
+
+    def isNonEmptyFile(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            content = field_data['content']
+        except TypeError:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("No file was submitted. Check the encoding type on the form.")
+        if not content:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("The submitted file is empty.")
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        return '<input type="file" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s" />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.field_name)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data is None:
+            raise EmptyValue
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class ImageUploadField(FileUploadField):
+    "A FileUploadField that raises CriticalValidationError if the uploaded file isn't an image."
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        FileUploadField.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        self.validator_list.insert(0, self.isValidImage)
+
+    def isValidImage(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidImage(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+####################
+# INTEGERS/FLOATS  #
+####################
+
+class IntegerField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isInteger] + validator_list
+        if member_name is not None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isInteger(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data == '' or data is None:
+            return None
+        return int(data)
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=5, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isSmallInteger] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isSmallInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if not -32768 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between -32,768 and 32,767.")
+
+class PositiveIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isPositive] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isPositive(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if int(field_data) < 0:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a positive number.")
+
+class PositiveSmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isPositiveSmall] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isPositiveSmall(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if not 0 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between 0 and 32,767.")
+
+class FloatField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, max_digits, decimal_places, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.max_digits, self.decimal_places = max_digits, decimal_places
+        validator_list = [self.isValidFloat] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, max_digits+2, max_digits+2, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isValidFloat(self, field_data, all_data):
+        v = validators.IsValidFloat(self.max_digits, self.decimal_places)
+        try:
+            v(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data == '' or data is None:
+            return None
+        return float(data)
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# DATES AND TIMES  #
+####################
+
+class DatetimeField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.datetime object.
+    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = [validators.isValidANSIDatetime] + validator_list
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.datetime object"
+        import datetime
+        try:
+            date, time = data.split()
+            y, m, d = date.split('-')
+            timebits = time.split(':')
+            h, mn = timebits[:2]
+            if len(timebits) > 2:
+                s = int(timebits[2])
+            else:
+                s = 0
+            return datetime.datetime(int(y), int(m), int(d), int(h), int(mn), s)
+        except ValueError:
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class DateField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.date object.
+    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidDate] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=10,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidDate(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidANSIDate(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.date object"
+        import time, datetime
+        try:
+            time_tuple = time.strptime(data, '%Y-%m-%d')
+            return datetime.date(*time_tuple[0:3])
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class TimeField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.time object.
+    The data should be in the format HH:MM:SS or HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidTime] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=8, maxlength=8,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidTime(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidANSITime(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.time object"
+        import time, datetime
+        try:
+            part_list = data.split('.')
+            try:
+                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M:%S')
+            except ValueError: # seconds weren't provided
+                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M')
+            t = datetime.time(*time_tuple[3:6])
+            if (len(part_list) == 2):
+                t = t.replace(microsecond=int(part_list[1]))
+            return t
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError):
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# INTERNET-RELATED #
+####################
+
+class EmailField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating e-mail addresses"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=75, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidEmail] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidEmail(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidEmail(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class URLField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating URLs"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=200, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidURL] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidURL(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidURL(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class IPAddressField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=15, maxlength=15, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidIPAddress] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidIPAddress(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidIPAddress4(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return data or None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# MISCELLANEOUS    #
+####################
+
+class FilePathField(SelectField):
+    "A SelectField whose choices are the files in a given directory."
+    def __init__(self, field_name, path, match=None, recursive=False, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        import os
+        from django.db.models import BLANK_CHOICE_DASH
+        if match is not None:
+            import re
+            match_re = re.compile(match)
+        choices = not is_required and BLANK_CHOICE_DASH[:] or []
+        if recursive:
+            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+                for f in files:
+                    if match is None or match_re.search(f):
+                        choices.append((os.path.join(root, f), f))
+        else:
+            try:
+                for f in os.listdir(path):
+                    full_file = os.path.join(path, f)
+                    if os.path.isfile(full_file) and (match is None or match_re.search(f)):
+                        choices.append((full_file, f))
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, 1, is_required, validator_list)
+
+class PhoneNumberField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating phone numbers (e.g. '630-555-1234')"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidPhone] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=12, maxlength=12,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidPhone(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidPhone(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class USStateField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating U.S. states (e.g. 'IL')"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidUSState] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=2, maxlength=2,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidUSState(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidUSState(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data:
+            return data.upper() # Should always be stored in upper case
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating comma-separated integer fields"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=20, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        elif isinstance(data, (list, tuple)):
+            data = ','.join(data)
+        return super(CommaSeparatedIntegerField, self).render(data)
+
+class RawIdAdminField(CommaSeparatedIntegerField):
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data:
+            return data.split(',')
+        else:
+            return []
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class XMLLargeTextField(LargeTextField):
+    """
+    A LargeTextField with an XML validator. The schema_path argument is the
+    full path to a Relax NG compact schema to validate against.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, field_name, schema_path, **kwargs):
+        self.schema_path = schema_path
+        kwargs.setdefault('validator_list', []).insert(0, self.isValidXML)
+        LargeTextField.__init__(self, field_name, **kwargs)
+
+    def isValidXML(self, field_data, all_data):
+        v = validators.RelaxNGCompact(self.schema_path)
+        try:
+            v(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
diff --git a/django/shortcuts/__init__.py b/django/shortcuts/__init__.py
index 76d54917ad..be2155bb09 100644
--- a/django/shortcuts/__init__.py
+++ b/django/shortcuts/__init__.py
@@ -4,20 +4,29 @@
 
 from django.template import loader
 from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
-
+from django.db.models.manager import Manager
 
 def render_to_response(*args, **kwargs):
     return HttpResponse(loader.render_to_string(*args, **kwargs))
 load_and_render = render_to_response # For backwards compatibility.
 
 def get_object_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs):
+    if isinstance(klass, Manager):
+        manager = klass
+        klass = manager.model
+    else:
+        manager = klass._default_manager
     try:
-        return klass._default_manager.get(*args, **kwargs)
+        return manager.get(*args, **kwargs)
     except klass.DoesNotExist:
         raise Http404
 
 def get_list_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs):
-    obj_list = list(klass._default_manager.filter(*args, **kwargs))
+    if isinstance(klass, Manager):
+        manager = klass
+    else:
+        manager = klass._default_manager
+    obj_list = list(manager.filter(*args, **kwargs))
     if not obj_list:
         raise Http404
     return obj_list
diff --git a/django/template/defaultfilters.py b/django/template/defaultfilters.py
index 969ef7b28b..1d0f78ce12 100644
--- a/django/template/defaultfilters.py
+++ b/django/template/defaultfilters.py
@@ -27,20 +27,38 @@ def fix_ampersands(value):
     from django.utils.html import fix_ampersands
     return fix_ampersands(value)
 
-def floatformat(text):
-    """
-    Displays a floating point number as 34.2 (with one decimal place) -- but
-    only if there's a point to be displayed
+def floatformat(text, arg=-1):
+    """
+    If called without an argument, displays a floating point
+    number as 34.2 -- but only if there's a point to be displayed.
+    With a positive numeric argument, it displays that many decimal places
+    always.
+    With a negative numeric argument, it will display that many decimal
+    places -- but only if there's places to be displayed.
+    Examples:
+        num1 = 34.23234
+        num2 = 34.00000
+        num1|floatformat results in 34.2
+        num2|floatformat is 34
+        num1|floatformat:3 is 34.232
+        num2|floatformat:3 is 34.000
+        num1|floatformat:-3 is 34.232
+        num2|floatformat:-3 is 34
     """
     try:
         f = float(text)
     except ValueError:
         return ''
+    try:
+        d = int(arg)
+    except ValueError:
+        return str(f)
     m = f - int(f)
-    if m:
-        return '%.1f' % f
-    else:
+    if not m and d < 0:
         return '%d' % int(f)
+    else:
+        formatstr = '%%.%df' % abs(d)
+        return formatstr % f
 
 def linenumbers(value):
     "Displays text with line numbers"
diff --git a/django/utils/datastructures.py b/django/utils/datastructures.py
index cecb4da170..9bec7a5df7 100644
--- a/django/utils/datastructures.py
+++ b/django/utils/datastructures.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class SortedDict(dict):
         return self.keyOrder[:]
 
     def values(self):
-        return [dict.__getitem__(self,k) for k in self.keyOrder]
+        return [dict.__getitem__(self, k) for k in self.keyOrder]
 
     def update(self, dict):
         for k, v in dict.items():
@@ -81,6 +81,10 @@ class SortedDict(dict):
             self.keyOrder.append(key)
         return dict.setdefault(self, key, default)
 
+    def value_for_index(self, index):
+        "Returns the value of the item at the given zero-based index."
+        return self[self.keyOrder[index]]
+
 class MultiValueDictKeyError(KeyError):
     pass
 
diff --git a/django/utils/dateformat.py b/django/utils/dateformat.py
index 0890a81a81..00eb9fe617 100644
--- a/django/utils/dateformat.py
+++ b/django/utils/dateformat.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Usage:
 >>>
 """
 
-from django.utils.dates import MONTHS, MONTHS_AP, WEEKDAYS
+from django.utils.dates import MONTHS, MONTHS_3, MONTHS_AP, WEEKDAYS
 from django.utils.tzinfo import LocalTimezone
 from calendar import isleap, monthrange
 import re, time
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ class DateFormat(TimeFormat):
 
     def M(self):
         "Month, textual, 3 letters; e.g. 'Jan'"
-        return MONTHS[self.data.month][0:3]
+        return MONTHS_3[self.data.month].title()
 
     def n(self):
         "Month without leading zeros; i.e. '1' to '12'"
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/LICENSE.txt b/django/utils/simplejson/LICENSE.txt
index 90251a9f62..1fa4fd5ba2 100644
--- a/django/utils/simplejson/LICENSE.txt
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/LICENSE.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-simplejson 1.3
+simplejson 1.5
 Copyright (c) 2006 Bob Ippolito
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/__init__.py b/django/utils/simplejson/__init__.py
index f88329b950..15b7173976 100644
--- a/django/utils/simplejson/__init__.py
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/__init__.py
@@ -27,6 +27,21 @@ Encoding basic Python object hierarchies::
     >>> io.getvalue()
     '["streaming API"]'
 
+Compact encoding::
+
+    >>> import simplejson
+    >>> simplejson.dumps([1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}], separators=(',',':'))
+    '[1,2,3,{"4":5,"6":7}]'
+
+Pretty printing::
+
+    >>> import simplejson
+    >>> print simplejson.dumps({'4': 5, '6': 7}, sort_keys=True, indent=4)
+    {
+        "4": 5, 
+        "6": 7
+    }
+
 Decoding JSON::
     
     >>> import simplejson
@@ -68,10 +83,10 @@ Extending JSONEncoder::
     ['[', '2.0', ', ', '1.0', ']']
     
 
-Note that the JSON produced by this module is a subset of YAML,
-so it may be used as a serializer for that as well.
+Note that the JSON produced by this module's default settings
+is a subset of YAML, so it may be used as a serializer for that as well.
 """
-__version__ = '1.3'
+__version__ = '1.5'
 __all__ = [
     'dump', 'dumps', 'load', 'loads',
     'JSONDecoder', 'JSONEncoder',
@@ -81,7 +96,7 @@ from django.utils.simplejson.decoder import JSONDecoder
 from django.utils.simplejson.encoder import JSONEncoder
 
 def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
-        allow_nan=True, cls=None, **kw):
+        allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, **kw):
     """
     Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a
     ``.write()``-supporting file-like object).
@@ -105,6 +120,10 @@ def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
     in strict compliance of the JSON specification, instead of using the
     JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``).
 
+    If ``indent`` is a non-negative integer, then JSON array elements and object
+    members will be pretty-printed with that indent level.  An indent level
+    of 0 will only insert newlines.  ``None`` is the most compact representation.
+
     To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
     ``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
     the ``cls`` kwarg.
@@ -112,7 +131,7 @@ def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
     if cls is None:
         cls = JSONEncoder
     iterable = cls(skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
-        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan,
+        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
         **kw).iterencode(obj)
     # could accelerate with writelines in some versions of Python, at
     # a debuggability cost
@@ -120,7 +139,7 @@ def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
         fp.write(chunk)
 
 def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
-        allow_nan=True, cls=None, **kw):
+        allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None, **kw):
     """
     Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.
 
@@ -141,14 +160,26 @@ def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
     strict compliance of the JSON specification, instead of using the
     JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``).
 
+    If ``indent`` is a non-negative integer, then JSON array elements and
+    object members will be pretty-printed with that indent level.  An indent
+    level of 0 will only insert newlines.  ``None`` is the most compact
+    representation.
+
+    If ``separators`` is an ``(item_separator, dict_separator)`` tuple
+    then it will be used instead of the default ``(', ', ': ')`` separators.
+    ``(',', ':')`` is the most compact JSON representation.
+
     To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
     ``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
     the ``cls`` kwarg.
     """
     if cls is None:
         cls = JSONEncoder
-    return cls(skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
-        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, **kw).encode(obj)
+    return cls(
+        skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
+        check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
+        separators=separators,
+        **kw).encode(obj)
 
 def load(fp, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, **kw):
     """
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/decoder.py b/django/utils/simplejson/decoder.py
index 684af8c9ad..66f68a200b 100644
--- a/django/utils/simplejson/decoder.py
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/decoder.py
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ def JSONObject(match, context, _w=WHITESPACE.match):
         raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting property name", s, end))
     end += 1
     encoding = getattr(context, 'encoding', None)
+    iterscan = JSONScanner.iterscan
     while True:
         key, end = scanstring(s, end, encoding)
         end = _w(s, end).end()
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ def JSONObject(match, context, _w=WHITESPACE.match):
             raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting : delimiter", s, end))
         end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
         try:
-            value, end = JSONScanner.iterscan(s, idx=end).next()
+            value, end = iterscan(s, idx=end, context=context).next()
         except StopIteration:
             raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting object", s, end))
         pairs[key] = value
@@ -164,9 +165,10 @@ def JSONArray(match, context, _w=WHITESPACE.match):
     nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
     if nextchar == ']':
         return values, end + 1
+    iterscan = JSONScanner.iterscan
     while True:
         try:
-            value, end = JSONScanner.iterscan(s, idx=end).next()
+            value, end = iterscan(s, idx=end, context=context).next()
         except StopIteration:
             raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting object", s, end))
         values.append(value)
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/encoder.py b/django/utils/simplejson/encoder.py
index bb1aba09f0..c83c6873eb 100644
--- a/django/utils/simplejson/encoder.py
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/encoder.py
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ Implementation of JSONEncoder
 """
 import re
 
-# this should match any kind of infinity
-INFCHARS = re.compile(r'[infINF]')
 ESCAPE = re.compile(r'[\x00-\x19\\"\b\f\n\r\t]')
-ESCAPE_ASCII = re.compile(r'([\\"]|[^\ -~])')
+ESCAPE_ASCII = re.compile(r'([\\"/]|[^\ -~])')
 ESCAPE_DCT = {
+    # escape all forward slashes to prevent </script> attack
+    '/': '\\/',
     '\\': '\\\\',
     '"': '\\"',
     '\b': '\\b',
@@ -16,31 +16,31 @@ ESCAPE_DCT = {
     '\r': '\\r',
     '\t': '\\t',
 }
-for i in range(20):
+for i in range(0x20):
     ESCAPE_DCT.setdefault(chr(i), '\\u%04x' % (i,))
 
+# assume this produces an infinity on all machines (probably not guaranteed)
+INFINITY = float('1e66666')
+
 def floatstr(o, allow_nan=True):
-    s = str(o)
-    # If the first non-sign is a digit then it's not a special value
-    if (o < 0.0 and s[1].isdigit()) or s[0].isdigit():
-        return s
-    elif not allow_nan:
+    # Check for specials.  Note that this type of test is processor- and/or
+    # platform-specific, so do tests which don't depend on the internals.
+
+    if o != o:
+        text = 'NaN'
+    elif o == INFINITY:
+        text = 'Infinity'
+    elif o == -INFINITY:
+        text = '-Infinity'
+    else:
+        return str(o)
+
+    if not allow_nan:
         raise ValueError("Out of range float values are not JSON compliant: %r"
             % (o,))
-    # These are the string representations on the platforms I've tried
-    if s == 'nan':
-        return 'NaN'
-    if s == 'inf':
-        return 'Infinity'
-    if s == '-inf':
-        return '-Infinity'
-    # NaN should either be inequal to itself, or equal to everything
-    if o != o or o == 0.0:
-        return 'NaN'
-    # Last ditch effort, assume inf
-    if o < 0:
-        return '-Infinity'
-    return 'Infinity'
+
+    return text
+
 
 def encode_basestring(s):
     """
@@ -90,8 +90,11 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
     implementation (to raise ``TypeError``).
     """
     __all__ = ['__init__', 'default', 'encode', 'iterencode']
+    item_separator = ', '
+    key_separator = ': '
     def __init__(self, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True,
-            check_circular=True, allow_nan=True, sort_keys=False):
+            check_circular=True, allow_nan=True, sort_keys=False,
+            indent=None, separators=None):
         """
         Constructor for JSONEncoder, with sensible defaults.
 
@@ -116,6 +119,15 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
         If sort_keys is True, then the output of dictionaries will be
         sorted by key; this is useful for regression tests to ensure
         that JSON serializations can be compared on a day-to-day basis.
+
+        If indent is a non-negative integer, then JSON array
+        elements and object members will be pretty-printed with that
+        indent level.  An indent level of 0 will only insert newlines.
+        None is the most compact representation.
+
+        If specified, separators should be a (item_separator, key_separator)
+        tuple. The default is (', ', ': '). To get the most compact JSON
+        representation you should specify (',', ':') to eliminate whitespace.
         """
 
         self.skipkeys = skipkeys
@@ -123,6 +135,13 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
         self.check_circular = check_circular
         self.allow_nan = allow_nan
         self.sort_keys = sort_keys
+        self.indent = indent
+        self.current_indent_level = 0
+        if separators is not None:
+            self.item_separator, self.key_separator = separators
+
+    def _newline_indent(self):
+        return '\n' + (' ' * (self.indent * self.current_indent_level))
 
     def _iterencode_list(self, lst, markers=None):
         if not lst:
@@ -134,14 +153,25 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
                 raise ValueError("Circular reference detected")
             markers[markerid] = lst
         yield '['
+        if self.indent is not None:
+            self.current_indent_level += 1
+            newline_indent = self._newline_indent()
+            separator = self.item_separator + newline_indent
+            yield newline_indent
+        else:
+            newline_indent = None
+            separator = self.item_separator
         first = True
         for value in lst:
             if first:
                 first = False
             else:
-                yield ', '
+                yield separator
             for chunk in self._iterencode(value, markers):
                 yield chunk
+        if newline_indent is not None:
+            self.current_indent_level -= 1
+            yield self._newline_indent()
         yield ']'
         if markers is not None:
             del markers[markerid]
@@ -156,6 +186,15 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
                 raise ValueError("Circular reference detected")
             markers[markerid] = dct
         yield '{'
+        key_separator = self.key_separator
+        if self.indent is not None:
+            self.current_indent_level += 1
+            newline_indent = self._newline_indent()
+            item_separator = self.item_separator + newline_indent
+            yield newline_indent
+        else:
+            newline_indent = None
+            item_separator = self.item_separator
         first = True
         if self.ensure_ascii:
             encoder = encode_basestring_ascii
@@ -165,7 +204,7 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
         if self.sort_keys:
             keys = dct.keys()
             keys.sort()
-            items = [(k,dct[k]) for k in keys]
+            items = [(k, dct[k]) for k in keys]
         else:
             items = dct.iteritems()
         for key, value in items:
@@ -190,11 +229,14 @@ class JSONEncoder(object):
             if first:
                 first = False
             else:
-                yield ', '
+                yield item_separator
             yield encoder(key)
-            yield ': '
+            yield key_separator
             for chunk in self._iterencode(value, markers):
                 yield chunk
+        if newline_indent is not None:
+            self.current_indent_level -= 1
+            yield self._newline_indent()
         yield '}'
         if markers is not None:
             del markers[markerid]
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/jsonfilter.py b/django/utils/simplejson/jsonfilter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d02ae2033a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/jsonfilter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from django.utils import simplejson
+import cgi
+
+class JSONFilter(object):
+    def __init__(self, app, mime_type='text/x-json'):
+        self.app = app
+        self.mime_type = mime_type
+
+    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
+        # Read JSON POST input to jsonfilter.json if matching mime type
+        response = {'status': '200 OK', 'headers': []}
+        def json_start_response(status, headers):
+            response['status'] = status
+            response['headers'].extend(headers)
+        environ['jsonfilter.mime_type'] = self.mime_type
+        if environ.get('REQUEST_METHOD', '') == 'POST':
+            if environ.get('CONTENT_TYPE', '') == self.mime_type:
+                args = [_ for _ in [environ.get('CONTENT_LENGTH')] if _]
+                data = environ['wsgi.input'].read(*map(int, args))
+                environ['jsonfilter.json'] = simplejson.loads(data)
+        res = simplejson.dumps(self.app(environ, json_start_response))
+        jsonp = cgi.parse_qs(environ.get('QUERY_STRING', '')).get('jsonp')
+        if jsonp:
+            content_type = 'text/javascript'
+            res = ''.join(jsonp + ['(', res, ')'])
+        elif 'Opera' in environ.get('HTTP_USER_AGENT', ''):
+            # Opera has bunk XMLHttpRequest support for most mime types
+            content_type = 'text/plain'
+        else:
+            content_type = self.mime_type
+        headers = [
+            ('Content-type', content_type),
+            ('Content-length', len(res)),
+        ]
+        headers.extend(response['headers'])
+        start_response(response['status'], headers)
+        return [res]
+
+def factory(app, global_conf, **kw):
+    return JSONFilter(app, **kw)
diff --git a/django/utils/simplejson/scanner.py b/django/utils/simplejson/scanner.py
index b9244cfed1..64f4999fb5 100644
--- a/django/utils/simplejson/scanner.py
+++ b/django/utils/simplejson/scanner.py
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ Iterator based sre token scanner
 """
 import sre_parse, sre_compile, sre_constants
 from sre_constants import BRANCH, SUBPATTERN
+from re import VERBOSE, MULTILINE, DOTALL
 import re
 
 __all__ = ['Scanner', 'pattern']
 
-FLAGS = (re.VERBOSE | re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
+FLAGS = (VERBOSE | MULTILINE | DOTALL)
 class Scanner(object):
     def __init__(self, lexicon, flags=FLAGS):
         self.actions = [None]
diff --git a/django/utils/text.py b/django/utils/text.py
index 9e7bb3b6c4..217f42491b 100644
--- a/django/utils/text.py
+++ b/django/utils/text.py
@@ -8,17 +8,28 @@ capfirst = lambda x: x and x[0].upper() + x[1:]
 def wrap(text, width):
     """
     A word-wrap function that preserves existing line breaks and most spaces in
-    the text. Expects that existing line breaks are posix newlines (\n).
-    See http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/148061
+    the text. Expects that existing line breaks are posix newlines.
     """
-    return reduce(lambda line, word, width=width: '%s%s%s' %
-                  (line,
-                   ' \n'[(len(line[line.rfind('\n')+1:])
-                         + len(word.split('\n',1)[0]
-                              ) >= width)],
-                   word),
-                  text.split(' ')
-                 )
+    def _generator():
+        it = iter(text.split(' '))
+        word = it.next()
+        yield word
+        pos = len(word) - word.rfind('\n') - 1
+        for word in it:
+            if "\n" in word:
+                lines = word.splitlines()
+            else:
+                lines = (word,)
+            pos += len(lines[0]) + 1
+            if pos > width:
+                yield '\n'
+                pos = len(lines[-1])
+            else:
+                yield ' '
+                if len(lines) > 1:
+                    pos = len(lines[-1])
+            yield word
+    return "".join(_generator())
 
 def truncate_words(s, num):
     "Truncates a string after a certain number of words."
diff --git a/django/views/generic/create_update.py b/django/views/generic/create_update.py
index 3a03fa59e4..28987f7544 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/create_update.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/create_update.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.core.xheaders import populate_xheaders
 from django.template import loader
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.db.models import FileField
 from django.contrib.auth.views import redirect_to_login
 from django.template import RequestContext
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def create_object(request, model, template_name=None,
         new_data = manipulator.flatten_data()
 
     # Create the FormWrapper, template, context, response
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     if not template_name:
         template_name = "%s/%s_form.html" % (model._meta.app_label, model._meta.object_name.lower())
     t = template_loader.get_template(template_name)
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def update_object(request, model, object_id=None, slug=None,
         # This makes sure the form acurate represents the fields of the place.
         new_data = manipulator.flatten_data()
 
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     if not template_name:
         template_name = "%s/%s_form.html" % (model._meta.app_label, model._meta.object_name.lower())
     t = template_loader.get_template(template_name)
diff --git a/docs/add_ons.txt b/docs/add_ons.txt
index 58c01c4fc0..d937eb2141 100644
--- a/docs/add_ons.txt
+++ b/docs/add_ons.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ admin
 The automatic Django administrative interface. For more information, see
 `Tutorial 2`_.
 
-.. _Tutorial 2: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial2/
+.. _Tutorial 2: ../tutorial2/
 
 auth
 ====
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Django's authentication framework.
 
 See the `authentication documentation`_.
 
-.. _authentication documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/
+.. _authentication documentation: ../authentication/
 
 comments
 ========
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ A middleware for preventing Cross Site Request Forgeries
 
 See the `csrf documentation`_.
 
-.. _csrf documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/csrf/
+.. _csrf documentation: ../csrf/
 
 formtools
 =========
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ A framework for managing simple "flat" HTML content in a database.
 
 See the `flatpages documentation`_.
 
-.. _flatpages documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/flatpages/
+.. _flatpages documentation: ../flatpages/
 
 markup
 ======
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ A framework for managing redirects.
 
 See the `redirects documentation`_.
 
-.. _redirects documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/redirects/
+.. _redirects documentation: ../redirects/
 
 sites
 =====
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ one or more sites.
 
 See the `sites documentation`_.
 
-.. _sites documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sites/
+.. _sites documentation: ../sites/
 
 sitemaps
 ========
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ A framework for generating Google sitemap XML files.
 
 See the `sitemaps documentation`_.
 
-.. _sitemaps documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sitemaps/
+.. _sitemaps documentation: ../sitemaps/
 
 syndication
 ===========
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ A framework for generating syndication feeds, in RSS and Atom, quite easily.
 
 See the `syndication documentation`_.
 
-.. _syndication documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/syndication/
+.. _syndication documentation: ../syndication/
 
 Other add-ons
 =============
diff --git a/docs/apache_auth.txt b/docs/apache_auth.txt
index b85057924b..583cb96b39 100644
--- a/docs/apache_auth.txt
+++ b/docs/apache_auth.txt
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ are equivalent::
     SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
     PythonOption DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE mysite.settings
 
-.. _authentication system: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/
+.. _authentication system: ../authentication/
 .. _Subversion: http://subversion.tigris.org/
 .. _mod_dav: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_dav.html
-.. _custom permissions: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#custom-permissions
+.. _custom permissions: ../authentication/#custom-permissions
diff --git a/docs/api_stability.txt b/docs/api_stability.txt
index 18885fbe63..508336e0ef 100644
--- a/docs/api_stability.txt
+++ b/docs/api_stability.txt
@@ -98,26 +98,26 @@ change:
      rewrite before Django 1.0. Even if the change isn't quite that drastic,
      there will at least be moderate changes.
      
-.. _caching: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/
-.. _custom template tags and libraries: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/
-.. _database lookup: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
-.. _django-admin utility: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/
-.. _fastcgi integration: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/fastcgi/
-.. _flatpages: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/flatpages/
-.. _generic views: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
-.. _internationalization: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/i18n/
-.. _legacy database integration: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/legacy_databases/
-.. _model definition: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
-.. _mod_python integration: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/
-.. _redirects: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/redirects/
-.. _request/response objects: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/
-.. _sending email: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/email/
-.. _sessions: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
-.. _settings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
-.. _syndication: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/syndication/
-.. _template language: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/
-.. _transactions: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/transactions/
-.. _url dispatch: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
-.. _forms and validation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/forms/
-.. _serialization: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/serialization/
-.. _authentication: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/
+.. _caching: ../cache/
+.. _custom template tags and libraries: ../templates_python/
+.. _database lookup: ../db_api/
+.. _django-admin utility: ../django_admin/
+.. _fastcgi integration: ../fastcgi/
+.. _flatpages: ../flatpages/
+.. _generic views: ../generic_views/
+.. _internationalization: ../i18n/
+.. _legacy database integration: ../legacy_databases/
+.. _model definition: ../model_api/
+.. _mod_python integration: ../modpython/
+.. _redirects: ../redirects/
+.. _request/response objects: ../request_response/
+.. _sending email: ../email/
+.. _sessions: ../sessions/
+.. _settings: ../settings/
+.. _syndication: ../syndication/
+.. _template language: ../templates/
+.. _transactions: ../transactions/
+.. _url dispatch: ../url_dispatch/
+.. _forms and validation: ../forms/
+.. _serialization: ../serialization/
+.. _authentication: ../authentication/
diff --git a/docs/authentication.txt b/docs/authentication.txt
index 08565e13e1..ef30879ae0 100644
--- a/docs/authentication.txt
+++ b/docs/authentication.txt
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ custom methods:
       Raises ``django.contrib.auth.models.SiteProfileNotAvailable`` if the current site
       doesn't allow profiles.
 
-.. _Django model: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
-.. _DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#default-from-email
+.. _Django model: ../model_api/
+.. _DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL: ../settings/#default-from-email
 
 Manager functions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -271,8 +271,8 @@ previous section). You can tell them apart with ``is_authenticated()``, like so:
     else:
         # Do something for anonymous users.
 
-.. _request objects: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/#httprequest-objects
-.. _session documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
+.. _request objects: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects
+.. _session documentation: ../sessions/
 
 How to log a user in
 --------------------
@@ -441,8 +441,8 @@ block::
 
     {% endblock %}
 
-.. _forms documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/forms/
-.. _site framework docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sites/
+.. _forms documentation: ../forms/
+.. _site framework docs: ../sites/
 
 Limiting access to logged-in users that pass a test
 ---------------------------------------------------
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ For example::
     def limited_object_detail(*args, **kwargs):
         return object_detail(*args, **kwargs)
 
-.. _generic view: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
+.. _generic view: ../generic_views/
 
 Permissions
 ===========
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ This example model creates three custom permissions::
 The only thing this does is create those extra permissions when you run
 ``syncdb``.
 
-.. _model Meta attribute: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/#meta-options
+.. _model Meta attribute: ../model_api/#meta-options
 
 API reference
 -------------
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ The currently logged-in user and his/her permissions are made available in the
    setting contains ``"django.core.context_processors.auth"``, which is default.
    For more, see the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
-   .. _RequestContext docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/#subclassing-context-requestcontext
+   .. _RequestContext docs: ../templates_python/#subclassing-context-requestcontext
 
 Users
 -----
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ Thus, you can check permissions in template ``{% if %}`` statements::
         <p>You don't have permission to do anything in the foo app.</p>
     {% endif %}
 
-.. _template context: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/
+.. _template context: ../templates_python/
 
 Groups
 ======
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ scenes, so any messages will be deleted even if you don't display them.
 Finally, note that this messages framework only works with users in the user
 database. To send messages to anonymous users, use the `session framework`_.
 
-.. _session framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
+.. _session framework: ../sessions/
 
 Other authentication sources
 ============================
diff --git a/docs/cache.txt b/docs/cache.txt
index 1795345ed9..054d99819d 100644
--- a/docs/cache.txt
+++ b/docs/cache.txt
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ Additionally, ``CacheMiddleware`` automatically sets a few headers in each
 
 See the `middleware documentation`_ for more on middleware.
 
-.. _`middleware documentation`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
+.. _`middleware documentation`: ../middleware/
 
 The per-view cache
 ==================
diff --git a/docs/contributing.txt b/docs/contributing.txt
index 6ff0b038a3..d802d3eaf6 100644
--- a/docs/contributing.txt
+++ b/docs/contributing.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ of the community, so there are many ways you can help Django's development:
       likely to be skeptical of large-scale suggestions without some code to
       back it up.
 
+    * Triage patches that have been submitted by other users. Please read
+      `Ticket triage`_ below, for details on the triage process.
+
 That's all you need to know if you'd like to join the Django development
 community. The rest of this document describes the details of how our community
 works and how it handles bugs, mailing lists, and all the other minutiae of
@@ -44,8 +47,10 @@ particular:
 
     * **Do** write complete, reproducible, specific bug reports. Include as
       much information as you possibly can, complete with code snippets, test
-      cases, etc.  A minimal example that illustrates the bug in a nice small
-      test case is the best possible bug report.
+      cases, etc. This means including a clear, concise description of the
+      problem, and a clear set of instructions for replicating the problem.
+      A minimal example that illustrates the bug in a nice small test case
+      is the best possible bug report.
 
     * **Don't** use the ticket system to ask support questions.  Use the
       `django-users`_ list, or the `#django`_ IRC channel for that.
@@ -117,9 +122,99 @@ Patch style
     * Name the patch file with a ``.diff`` extension; this will let the ticket
       tracker apply correct syntax highlighting, which is quite helpful.
 
-    * Put the prefix "[patch] " before the title of your ticket. This will make
-      it obvious that the ticket includes a patch, and it will add the ticket
-      to the `list of tickets with patches`_.
+    * Check the "Has patch" box on the ticket details. This will make it
+      obvious that the ticket includes a patch, and it will add the ticket to
+      the `list of tickets with patches`_.
+
+    * The code required to fix a problem or add a feature is an essential part
+      of a patch, but it is not the only part. A good patch should also include
+      a regression test to validate the behavior that has been fixed (and prevent
+      the problem from arising again).
+
+    * If the code associated with a patch adds a new feature, or modifies behavior
+      of an existing feature, the patch should also contain documentation.
+
+Non-trivial patches
+-------------------
+
+A "non-trivial" patch is one that is more than a simple bug fix. It's a patch
+that introduces Django functionality and makes some sort of design decision.
+
+If you provide a non-trivial patch, include evidence that alternatives have
+been discussed on `django-developers`_. If you're not sure whether your patch
+should be considered non-trivial, just ask.
+
+Ticket triage
+=============
+
+Unfortunately, not all bug reports in the `ticket tracker`_ provide all
+the `required details`_. A number of tickets have patches, but those patches
+don't meet all the requirements of a `good patch`_.
+
+One way to help out is to *triage* bugs that have been reported by other
+users. A couple of dedicated volunteers work on this regularly, but more help
+is always appreciated.
+
+Most of the workflow is based around the concept of a ticket's "triage stage".
+This stage describes where in its lifetime a given ticket is at any time.
+Along with a handful of flags, this field easily tells us what and who each
+ticket is waiting on.
+
+Since a picture is worth a thousand words, let's start there:
+
+.. image:: http://media.djangoproject.com/img/doc/djangotickets.png
+   :height: 451
+   :width: 590
+   :alt: Django's ticket workflow
+
+We've got two roles here:
+
+    * Core developers: people with commit access who make the decisions and
+      write the bulk of the code.
+
+    * Ticket triagers: community members who keep track of tickets, making
+      sure the tickets are always categorized correctly.
+
+Second, note the four triage stages:
+
+    1. A ticket starts as "Unreviewed", meaning that a triager has yet to
+       examine the ticket and move it along.
+
+    2. "Design decision needed" means "this concept requires a design
+       decision," which should be discussed either in the ticket comments or on
+       django-developers.
+
+    3. Once a ticket is ruled to be approved for fixing, it's moved into the
+       "Accepted" stage. This stage is where all the real work gets done.
+
+    4. If a ticket has an associated patch (see below), a triager will review the
+       patch. If the patch is complete, it'll be marked as "ready for checkin" so
+       that a core developer knows to review and check in the patches.
+
+The second part of this workflow involves a set of flags the describe what the
+ticket has or needs in order to be "ready for checkin":
+
+    "Has patch"
+        The means the ticket has an associated patch_. These will be
+        reviewed to see if the patch is "good".
+
+    "Needs documentation"
+        This flag is used for tickets with patches that need associated
+        documentation. Complete documentation of features is a prerequisite
+        before we can check a fix into the codebase.
+
+    "Needs tests"
+        This flags the patch as needing associated unit tests. Again, this is a
+        required part of a valid patch.
+
+    "Patch needs improvement"
+        This flag means that although the ticket *has* a patch, it's not quite
+        ready for checkin. This could mean the patch no longer applies
+        cleanly, or that the code doesn't live up to our standards.
+
+.. _required details: `Reporting bugs`_
+.. _good patch: `Patch style`_
+.. _patch: `Submitting patches`_
 
 Submitting and maintaining translations
 =======================================
@@ -137,7 +232,7 @@ translated, here's what to do:
       `i18n documentation`_.
 
 .. _Django i18n mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/django-i18n/
-.. _i18n documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/i18n/
+.. _i18n documentation: ../i18n/
 
 Coding style
 ============
@@ -262,7 +357,7 @@ The Django tests all use the testing infrastructure that ships with Django for
 testing applications. See `Testing Django applications`_ for an explanation of
 how to write new tests.
 
-.. _Testing Django applications: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/testing/
+.. _Testing Django applications: ../testing/
 
 Running the unit tests
 ----------------------
@@ -338,21 +433,63 @@ trunk more than once.
 Using branches
 --------------
 
-To test a given branch, you can simply check out the entire branch, like so::
+To use a branch, you'll need to do two things:
+
+    * Get the branch's code through Subversion.
+
+    * Point your Python ``site-packages`` directory at the branch's version of
+      the ``django`` package rather than the version you already have
+      installed.
+
+Getting the code from Subversion
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To get the latest version of a branch's code, check it out using Subversion::
 
     svn co http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
 
-Or, if you've got a working directory you'd like to switch to use a branch,
-you can use::
+...where ``<branch>`` is the branch's name. See the `list of branch names`_.
 
-    svn switch http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
+Alternatively, you can automatically convert an existing directory of the
+Django source code as long as you've checked it out via Subversion. To do the
+conversion, execute this command from within your ``django`` directory::
 
-...in the root of your Django sandbox (the directory that contains ``django``,
-``docs``, and ``tests``).
+    svn switch http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
 
 The advantage of using ``svn switch`` instead of ``svn co`` is that the
 ``switch`` command retains any changes you might have made to your local copy
-of the code. It attempts to merge those changes into the "switched" code.
+of the code. It attempts to merge those changes into the "switched" code. The
+disadvantage is that it may cause conflicts with your local changes if the
+"switched" code has altered the same lines of code.
+
+(Note that if you use ``svn switch``, you don't need to point Python at the new
+version, as explained in the next section.)
+
+.. _list of branch names: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/branches
+
+Pointing Python at the new Django version
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Once you've retrieved the branch's code, you'll need to change your Python
+``site-packages`` directory so that it points to the branch version of the
+``django`` directory. (The ``site-packages`` directory is somewhere such as
+``/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages`` or
+``/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages`` or ``C:\Python\site-packages``.)
+
+The simplest way to do this is by renaming the old ``django`` directory to
+``django.OLD`` and moving the trunk version of the code into the directory
+and calling it ``django``.
+
+Alternatively, you can use a symlink called ``django`` that points to the
+location of the branch's ``django`` package. If you want to switch back, just
+change the symlink to point to the old code.
+
+If you're using Django 0.95 or earlier and installed it using
+``python setup.py install``, you'll have a directory called something like
+``Django-0.95-py2.4.egg`` instead of ``django``. In this case, edit the file
+``setuptools.pth`` and remove the line that references the Django ``.egg``
+file. Then copy the branch's version of the ``django`` directory into
+``site-packages``.
 
 Official releases
 =================
@@ -457,8 +594,7 @@ requests for commit access are potential flame-war starters, and will be ignored
 .. _search the tracker: http://code.djangoproject.com/search
 .. _django-users: http://groups.google.com/group/django-users
 .. _`#django`: irc://irc.freenode.net/django
-.. _list of tickets with patches: http://code.djangoproject.com/report/12
+.. _list of tickets with patches: http://code.djangoproject.com/query?status=new&status=assigned&status=reopened&has_patch=1&order=priority
 .. _PEP 8: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0008.html
-.. _i18n documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/i18n/
 .. _i18n branch: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/branches/i18n
 .. _`tags/releases`: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/tags/releases
diff --git a/docs/csrf.txt b/docs/csrf.txt
index 218b43a61a..c12dd1d116 100644
--- a/docs/csrf.txt
+++ b/docs/csrf.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 =====================================
-Cross Site Request Forgery Protection
+Cross Site Request Forgery protection
 =====================================
 
-The CsrfMiddleware class provides easy-to-use protection against 
-`Cross Site Request Forgeries`_.  This type of attack occurs when a malicious 
+The CsrfMiddleware class provides easy-to-use protection against
+`Cross Site Request Forgeries`_.  This type of attack occurs when a malicious
 web site creates a link or form button that is intended to perform some action
 on your web site, using the credentials of a logged-in user who is tricked
 into clicking on the link in their browser.
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ The first defense against CSRF attacks is to ensure that GET requests
 are side-effect free.  POST requests can then be protected by adding this
 middleware into your list of installed middleware.
 
-
 .. _Cross Site Request Forgeries:  http://www.squarefree.com/securitytips/web-developers.html#CSRF
 
 How to use it
 =============
-Add the middleware ``'django.contrib.csrf.middleware.CsrfMiddleware'`` to 
+
+Add the middleware ``'django.contrib.csrf.middleware.CsrfMiddleware'`` to
 your list of middleware classes, ``MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES``. It needs to process
 the response after the SessionMiddleware, so must come before it in the
 list. It also must process the response before things like compression
@@ -25,16 +25,17 @@ happen to the response, so it must come after GZipMiddleware in the list.
 
 How it works
 ============
+
 CsrfMiddleware does two things:
 
-1. It modifies outgoing requests by adding a hidden form field to all 
-   'POST' forms, with the name 'csrfmiddlewaretoken' and a value which is 
-   a hash of the session ID plus a secret. If there is no session ID set, 
-   this modification of the response isn't done, so there is very little 
+1. It modifies outgoing requests by adding a hidden form field to all
+   'POST' forms, with the name 'csrfmiddlewaretoken' and a value which is
+   a hash of the session ID plus a secret. If there is no session ID set,
+   this modification of the response isn't done, so there is very little
    performance penalty for those requests that don't have a session.
 
-2. On all incoming POST requests that have the session cookie set, it 
-   checks that the 'csrfmiddlewaretoken' is present and correct. If it 
+2. On all incoming POST requests that have the session cookie set, it
+   checks that the 'csrfmiddlewaretoken' is present and correct. If it
    isn't, the user will get a 403 error.
 
 This ensures that only forms that have originated from your web site
@@ -43,26 +44,26 @@ can be used to POST data back.
 It deliberately only targets HTTP POST requests (and the corresponding
 POST forms). GET requests ought never to have side effects (if you are
 using HTTP GET and POST correctly), and so a CSRF attack with a GET
-request will always be harmless. 
+request will always be harmless.
 
 POST requests that are not accompanied by a session cookie are not protected,
 but they do not need to be protected, since the 'attacking' web site
 could make these kind of requests anyway.
 
-The Content-Type is checked before modifying the response, and only 
+The Content-Type is checked before modifying the response, and only
 pages that are served as 'text/html' or 'application/xml+xhtml'
 are modified.
 
 Limitations
 ===========
+
 CsrfMiddleware requires Django's session framework to work. If you have
 a custom authentication system that manually sets cookies and the like,
 it won't help you.
 
-If your app creates HTML pages and forms in some unusual way, (e.g. 
-it sends fragments of HTML in javascript document.write statements) 
-you might bypass the filter that adds the hidden field to the form, 
+If your app creates HTML pages and forms in some unusual way, (e.g.
+it sends fragments of HTML in javascript document.write statements)
+you might bypass the filter that adds the hidden field to the form,
 in which case form submission will always fail.  It may still be possible
 to use the middleware, provided you can find some way to get the
-CSRF token and ensure that is included when your form is submitted.
-
+CSRF token and ensure that is included when your form is submitted.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/db-api.txt b/docs/db-api.txt
index 2f0c8b0589..99bb30054b 100644
--- a/docs/db-api.txt
+++ b/docs/db-api.txt
@@ -143,9 +143,9 @@ or ``UPDATE`` SQL statements. Specifically, when you call ``save()``, Django
 follows this algorithm:
 
     * If the object's primary key attribute is set to a value that evaluates to
-      ``False`` (such as ``None`` or the empty string), Django executes a
-      ``SELECT`` query to determine whether a record with the given primary key
-      already exists.
+      ``True`` (i.e., a value other than ``None`` or the empty string), Django 
+      executes a ``SELECT`` query to determine whether a record with the given 
+      primary key already exists.
     * If the record with the given primary key does already exist, Django
       executes an ``UPDATE`` query.
     * If the object's primary key attribute is *not* set, or if it's set but a
@@ -525,6 +525,21 @@ Examples::
     [datetime.datetime(2005, 3, 20), datetime.datetime(2005, 2, 20)]
     >>> Entry.objects.filter(headline__contains='Lennon').dates('pub_date', 'day')
     [datetime.datetime(2005, 3, 20)]
+    
+``none()``
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+**New in Django development version**
+
+Returns an ``EmptyQuerySet`` -- a ``QuerySet`` that always evaluates to 
+an empty list. This can be used in cases where you know that you should
+return an empty result set and your caller is expecting a ``QuerySet``
+object (instead of returning an empty list, for example.)
+
+Examples::
+    
+    >>> Entry.objects.none()
+    []
 
 ``select_related()``
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -1704,6 +1719,46 @@ For every ``ImageField``, the object will have ``get_FOO_height()`` and
 ``get_FOO_width()`` methods, where ``FOO`` is the name of the field. This
 returns the height (or width) of the image, as an integer, in pixels.
 
+Shortcuts
+=========
+
+As you develop views, you will discover a number of common idioms in the
+way you use the database API. Django encodes some of these idioms as
+shortcuts that can be used to simplify the process of writing views.
+
+get_object_or_404()
+-------------------
+
+One common idiom to use ``get()`` and raise ``Http404`` if the
+object doesn't exist. This idiom is captured by ``get_object_or_404()``. 
+This function takes a Django model as its first argument and an 
+arbitrary number of keyword arguments, which it passes to the manager's 
+``get()`` function. It raises ``Http404`` if the object doesn't
+exist. For example:: 
+    
+    # Get the Entry with a primary key of 3
+    e = get_object_or_404(Entry, pk=3)
+
+When you provide a model to this shortcut function, the default manager 
+is used to execute the underlying ``get()`` query. If you don't want to 
+use the default manager, or you want to search a list of related objects, 
+you can provide ``get_object_or_404()`` with a manager object, instead. 
+For example::
+
+    # Get the author of blog instance `e` with a name of 'Fred'
+    a = get_object_or_404(e.authors, name='Fred')
+
+    # Use a custom manager 'recent_entries' in the search for an
+    # entry with a primary key of 3
+    e = get_object_or_404(Entry.recent_entries, pk=3)
+
+get_list_or_404()
+-----------------
+
+``get_list_or_404`` behaves the same was as ``get_object_or_404()`` 
+-- except the it uses using ``filter()`` instead of ``get()``. It raises 
+``Http404`` if the list is empty.
+
 Falling back to raw SQL
 =======================
 
diff --git a/docs/design_philosophies.txt b/docs/design_philosophies.txt
index 7fdc7ea01b..72aa8ade95 100644
--- a/docs/design_philosophies.txt
+++ b/docs/design_philosophies.txt
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ code.
 
 This is the philosophy behind `template inheritance`_.
 
-.. _template inheritance: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/#template-inheritance
+.. _template inheritance: ../templates/#template-inheritance
 
 Be decoupled from HTML
 ----------------------
diff --git a/docs/django-admin.txt b/docs/django-admin.txt
index 7f9682b443..310e8dff0e 100644
--- a/docs/django-admin.txt
+++ b/docs/django-admin.txt
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Prints the admin-index template snippet for the given appnames.
 Use admin-index template snippets if you want to customize the look and feel of
 your admin's index page. See `Tutorial 2`_ for more information.
 
-.. _Tutorial 2: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial2/
+.. _Tutorial 2: ../tutorial2/
 
 createcachetable [tablename]
 ----------------------------
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ createcachetable [tablename]
 Creates a cache table named ``tablename`` for use with the database cache
 backend.  See the `cache documentation`_ for more information.
 
-.. _cache documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/
+.. _cache documentation: ../cache/
 
 dbshell
 -------
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ By default, the development server doesn't serve any static files for your site
 you want to configure Django to serve static media, read the `serving static files`_
 documentation.
 
-.. _serving static files: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/static_files/
+.. _serving static files: ../static_files/
 
 Turning off auto-reload
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -253,6 +253,8 @@ files are piped directly into the database after all of the models'
 table-creation statements have been executed. Use this SQL hook to populate
 tables with any necessary initial records, SQL functions or test data.
 
+Note that the order in which the SQL files are processed is undefined.
+
 sqlreset [appname appname ...]
 --------------------------------------
 
@@ -380,7 +382,7 @@ Example usage::
 
     django-admin.py syncdb --verbosity=2
 
-Verbosity determines the amount of notification and debug information that 
+Verbosity determines the amount of notification and debug information that
 will be printed to the console. '0' is no output, '1' is normal output,
 and `2` is verbose output.
 
diff --git a/docs/email.txt b/docs/email.txt
index 37a4f38a5e..1edce88cef 100644
--- a/docs/email.txt
+++ b/docs/email.txt
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ The "From:" header of the e-mail will be the value of the `SERVER_EMAIL setting`
 
 This method exists for convenience and readability.
 
-.. _ADMINS setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#admins
-.. _EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#email-subject-prefix
-.. _SERVER_EMAIL setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#server-email
+.. _ADMINS setting: ../settings/#admins
+.. _EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX setting: ../settings/#email-subject-prefix
+.. _SERVER_EMAIL setting: ../settings/#server-email
 
 mail_managers() function
 ========================
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Here's the definition::
 
     mail_managers(subject, message, fail_silently=False)
 
-.. _MANAGERS setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#managers
+.. _MANAGERS setting: ../settings/#managers
 
 Examples
 ========
diff --git a/docs/faq.txt b/docs/faq.txt
index eaccc6be43..33e8ef01b4 100644
--- a/docs/faq.txt
+++ b/docs/faq.txt
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ at any level -- database servers, caching servers or Web/application servers.
 The framework cleanly separates components such as its database layer and
 application layer. And it ships with a simple-yet-powerful `cache framework`_.
 
-.. _`cache framework`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/
+.. _`cache framework`: ../cache/
 
 Who's behind this?
 ------------------
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Like we said: We're picky.
 
 We've documented our philosophies on the `design philosophies page`_.
 
-.. _design philosophies page: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/design_philosophies/
+.. _design philosophies page: ../design_philosophies/
 
 Do you have any of those nifty "screencast" things?
 ---------------------------------------------------
@@ -277,9 +277,9 @@ How do I get started?
        run into trouble.
 
 .. _`Download the code`: http://www.djangoproject.com/download/
-.. _`installation guide`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/install/
-.. _tutorial:  http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial1/
-.. _documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/
+.. _`installation guide`: ../install/
+.. _tutorial:  ../tutorial1/
+.. _documentation: ../
 .. _ask questions: http://www.djangoproject.com/community/
 
 How do I fix the "install a later version of setuptools" error?
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ If you just want to play around and develop things on your local computer, use
 the development Web server that comes with Django. Things should Just Work.
 
 .. _WSGI: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0333.html
-.. _How to use Django with FastCGI: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/fastcgi/
+.. _How to use Django with FastCGI: ../fastcgi/
 .. _server arrangements wiki page: http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/ServerArrangements
 
 How do I install mod_python on Windows?
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ Can I use Django with a pre-existing database?
 
 Yes. See `Integrating with a legacy database`_.
 
-.. _`Integrating with a legacy database`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/legacy_databases/
+.. _`Integrating with a legacy database`: ../legacy_databases/
 
 If I make changes to a model, how do I update the database?
 -----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -511,7 +511,7 @@ type, create an initial data file and put something like this in it::
 As explained in the `SQL initial data file`_ documentation, this SQL file can
 contain arbitrary SQL, so you can make any sorts of changes you need to make.
 
-.. _SQL initial data file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/#providing-initial-sql-data
+.. _SQL initial data file: ../model_api/#providing-initial-sql-data
 
 Why is Django leaking memory?
 -----------------------------
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ My admin-site CSS and images showed up fine using the development server, but th
 See `serving the admin files`_ in the "How to use Django with mod_python"
 documentation.
 
-.. _serving the admin files: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/#serving-the-admin-files
+.. _serving the admin files: ../modpython/#serving-the-admin-files
 
 My "list_filter" contains a ManyToManyField, but the filter doesn't display.
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ site is built using semantic HTML and plenty of CSS hooks, so any changes you'd
 like to make should be possible by editing the stylesheet. We've got a
 `guide to the CSS used in the admin`_ to get you started.
 
-.. _`guide to the CSS used in the admin`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/admin_css/
+.. _`guide to the CSS used in the admin`: ../admin_css/
 
 How do I create users without having to edit password hashes?
 -------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ development version, where this problem was fixed on Aug. 4, 2006.
 
 You can also use the Python API. See `creating users`_ for full info.
 
-.. _creating users: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#creating-users
+.. _creating users: ../authentication/#creating-users
 
 Contributing code
 =================
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ How can I get started contributing code to Django?
 Thanks for asking! We've written an entire document devoted to this question.
 It's titled `Contributing to Django`_.
 
-.. _Contributing to Django: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/contributing/
+.. _Contributing to Django: ../contributing/
 
 I submitted a bug fix in the ticket system several weeks ago. Why are you ignoring my patch?
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/docs/fastcgi.txt b/docs/fastcgi.txt
index e2f4e933b4..b61df49190 100644
--- a/docs/fastcgi.txt
+++ b/docs/fastcgi.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ served with no startup time. Unlike mod_python (or `mod_perl`_), a FastCGI
 process doesn't run inside the Web server process, but in a separate,
 persistent process.
 
-.. _current preferred setup: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/
+.. _current preferred setup: ../modpython/
 .. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
 .. _mod_python: http://www.modpython.org/
 .. _mod_perl: http://perl.apache.org/
diff --git a/docs/flatpages.txt b/docs/flatpages.txt
index 06979f7a9a..cb910e812d 100644
--- a/docs/flatpages.txt
+++ b/docs/flatpages.txt
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ To install the flatpages app, follow these steps:
        to your MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES_ setting.
     3. Run the command ``manage.py syncdb``.
 
-.. _INSTALLED_APPS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#installed-apps
-.. _MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#middleware-classes
+.. _INSTALLED_APPS: ../settings/#installed-apps
+.. _MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES: ../settings/#middleware-classes
 
 How it works
 ============
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ resort.
 
 For more on middleware, read the `middleware docs`_.
 
-.. _SITE_ID: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#site-id
-.. _RequestContext: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/#subclassing-context-djangocontext
-.. _middleware docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
+.. _SITE_ID: ../settings/#site-id
+.. _RequestContext: ../templates_python/#subclassing-context-djangocontext
+.. _middleware docs: ../middleware/
 
 How to add, change and delete flatpages
 =======================================
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ Flatpages are represented by a standard `Django model`_, which lives in
 `django/contrib/flatpages/models.py`_. You can access flatpage objects via the
 `Django database API`_.
 
-.. _Django model: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
+.. _Django model: ../model_api/
 .. _django/contrib/flatpages/models.py: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/django/contrib/flatpages/models.py
-.. _Django database API: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
+.. _Django database API: ../db_api/
 
 Flatpage templates
 ==================
diff --git a/docs/forms.txt b/docs/forms.txt
index ff192a4717..3fa11fea64 100644
--- a/docs/forms.txt
+++ b/docs/forms.txt
@@ -2,15 +2,27 @@
 Forms, fields, and manipulators
 ===============================
 
+Forwards-compatibility note
+===========================
+
+The legacy forms/manipulators system described in this document is going to be
+replaced in the next Django release. If you're starting from scratch, we
+strongly encourage you not to waste your time learning this. Instead, learn and
+use the django.newforms system, which we have begun to document in the
+`newforms documentation`_.
+
+If you have legacy form/manipulator code, read the "Migration plan" section in
+that document to understand how we're making the switch.
+
+.. _newforms documentation: ../newforms/
+
+Introduction
+============
+
 Once you've got a chance to play with Django's admin interface, you'll probably
 wonder if the fantastic form validation framework it uses is available to user
 code. It is, and this document explains how the framework works.
 
-    .. admonition:: A note to the lazy
-
-        If all you want to do is present forms for a user to create and/or
-        update a given object, you may be able to use `generic views`_.
-
 We'll take a top-down approach to examining Django's form validation framework,
 because much of the time you won't need to use the lower-level APIs. Throughout
 this document, we'll be working with the following model, a "place" object::
@@ -41,17 +53,17 @@ this document, we'll be working with the following model, a "place" object::
 Defining the above class is enough to create an admin interface to a ``Place``,
 but what if you want to allow public users to submit places?
 
-Manipulators
-============
+Automatic Manipulators
+======================
 
 The highest-level interface for object creation and modification is the
-**Manipulator** framework. A manipulator is a utility class tied to a given
-model that "knows" how to create or modify instances of that model and how to
-validate data for the object. Manipulators come in two flavors:
-``AddManipulators`` and ``ChangeManipulators``. Functionally they are quite
-similar, but the former knows how to create new instances of the model, while
-the latter modifies existing instances. Both types of classes are automatically
-created when you define a new class::
+**automatic Manipulator** framework. An automatic manipulator is a utility
+class tied to a given model that "knows" how to create or modify instances of
+that model and how to validate data for the object. Automatic Manipulators come
+in two flavors: ``AddManipulators`` and ``ChangeManipulators``. Functionally
+they are quite similar, but the former knows how to create new instances of the
+model, while the latter modifies existing instances. Both types of classes are
+automatically created when you define a new class::
 
     >>> from mysite.myapp.models import Place
     >>> Place.AddManipulator
@@ -653,6 +665,6 @@ fails. If no message is passed in, a default message is used.
     the executable specified in the ``JING_PATH`` setting (see the settings_
     document for more details).
 
-.. _`generic views`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
-.. _`models API`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
-.. _settings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
+.. _`generic views`: ../generic_views/
+.. _`models API`: ../model_api/
+.. _settings: ../settings/
diff --git a/docs/generic_views.txt b/docs/generic_views.txt
index 1736770a20..23f40acb24 100644
--- a/docs/generic_views.txt
+++ b/docs/generic_views.txt
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ are first evaluated, so if you want to pass in a QuerySet via
 ``extra_context`` that is always fresh you need to wrap it in a function or
 lambda that returns the QuerySet.
 
-.. _database API docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
+.. _database API docs: ../db_api/
 
 "Simple" generic views
 ======================
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ which is a dictionary of the parameters captured in the URL.
       dictionary is callable, the generic view will call it
       just before rendering the template. (**This is new in the
       Django development version.**)
-      
+
 **Example:**
 
 Given the following URL patterns::
@@ -205,11 +205,11 @@ If ``template_name`` isn't specified, this view will use the template
 ``<app_label>/<model_name>_archive.html`` by default, where:
 
     * ``<model_name>`` is your model's name in all lowercase. For a model
-        ``StaffMember``, that'd be ``staffmember``.
+      ``StaffMember``, that'd be ``staffmember``.
 
     * ``<app_label>`` is the right-most part of the full Python path to
-        your model's app. For example, if your model lives in
-        ``apps/blog/models.py``, that'd be ``blog``.
+      your model's app. For example, if your model lives in
+      ``apps/blog/models.py``, that'd be ``blog``.
 
 **Template context:**
 
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
       by ``date_field``. For example, if ``num_latest`` is ``10``, then
       ``latest`` will be a list of the latest 10 objects in ``queryset``.
 
-.. _RequestContext docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/#subclassing-context-djangocontext
+.. _RequestContext docs: ../templates_python/#subclassing-context-djangocontext
 
 ``django.views.generic.date_based.archive_year``
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -266,9 +266,9 @@ to ``True``.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
-       view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
-       determining the variable's name.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
+      view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
+      determining the variable's name.
 
     * ``make_object_list``: A boolean specifying whether to retrieve the full
       list of objects for this year and pass those to the template. If ``True``,
@@ -360,9 +360,9 @@ date in the *future* are not displayed unless you set ``allow_future`` to
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
-       view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
-       determining the variable's name.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
+      view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
+      determining the variable's name.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -441,9 +441,9 @@ in the *future* are not displayed unless you set ``allow_future`` to ``True``.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
-       view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
-       determining the variable's name.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
+      view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
+      determining the variable's name.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -526,9 +526,9 @@ you set ``allow_future`` to ``True``.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
-       view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
-       determining the variable's name.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
+      view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
+      determining the variable's name.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ future, the view will throw a 404 error by default, unless you set
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -710,9 +710,9 @@ A page representing a list of objects.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
-       view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
-       determining the variable's name.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``. The
+      view will append ``'_list'`` to the value of this parameter in
+      determining the variable's name.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ A page representing an individual object.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
 
     * ``mimetype``: The MIME type to use for the resulting document. Defaults
       to the value of the ``DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE`` setting.
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ If ``template_name`` isn't specified, this view will use the template
 
 In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
 
-    * ``form``: A ``django.forms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
+    * ``form``: A ``django.oldforms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
       for editing the object. This lets you refer to form fields easily in the
       template system.
 
@@ -916,8 +916,8 @@ In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
       See the `manipulator and formfield documentation`_ for more information
       about using ``FormWrapper`` objects in templates.
 
-.. _authentication system: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/
-.. _manipulator and formfield documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/forms/
+.. _authentication system: ../authentication/
+.. _manipulator and formfield documentation: ../forms/
 
 ``django.views.generic.create_update.update_object``
 ----------------------------------------------------
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ object. This uses the automatic manipulators that come with Django models.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
 
 **Template name:**
 
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ If ``template_name`` isn't specified, this view will use the template
 
 In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
 
-    * ``form``: A ``django.forms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
+    * ``form``: A ``django.oldforms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
       for editing the object. This lets you refer to form fields easily in the
       template system.
 
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ contain a form that POSTs to the same URL.
       the view's template. See the `RequestContext docs`_.
 
     * ``template_object_name``:  Designates the name of the template variable
-       to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
+      to use in the template context. By default, this is ``'object'``.
 
 **Template name:**
 
diff --git a/docs/i18n.txt b/docs/i18n.txt
index 4d0d92b082..d7f5db6861 100644
--- a/docs/i18n.txt
+++ b/docs/i18n.txt
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ internationalization machinery. See the `documentation for USE_I18N`_.
 You'll probably also want to remove ``'django.core.context_processors.i18n'``
 from your ``TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`` setting.
 
-.. _documentation for USE_I18N: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#use-i18n
+.. _documentation for USE_I18N: ../settings/#use-i18n
 
 How to specify translation strings
 ==================================
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ class, though::
             verbose_name = _('my thing')
             verbose_name_plural = _('mythings')
 
-.. _Django models: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
+.. _Django models: ../model_api/
 
 Pluralization
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ translation string. Example::
 In this case, both the tag and the filter will see the already-translated
 string, so they don't need to be aware of translations.
 
-.. _Django templates: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/
+.. _Django templates: ../templates_python/
 
 How to create language files
 ============================
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ That's it. Your translations are ready for use.
     please let us know! See `Submitting and maintaining translations`_ for
     the steps to take.
 
-    .. _Submitting and maintaining translations: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/contributing/
+    .. _Submitting and maintaining translations: ../contributing/
 
 How Django discovers language preference
 ========================================
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ Notes:
       selection to German and English (and any sublanguage, like de-ch or
       en-us).
 
-      .. _LANGUAGES setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#languages
+      .. _LANGUAGES setting: ../settings/#languages
 
     * If you define a custom ``LANGUAGES`` setting, as explained in the
       previous bullet, it's OK to mark the languages as translation strings
@@ -530,10 +530,10 @@ Note that, with static (middleware-less) translation, the language is in
 ``settings.LANGUAGE_CODE``, while with dynamic (middleware) translation, it's
 in ``request.LANGUAGE_CODE``.
 
-.. _settings file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
-.. _middleware documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
-.. _session: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
-.. _request object: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/#httprequest-objects
+.. _settings file: ../settings/
+.. _middleware documentation: ../middleware/
+.. _session: ../sessions/
+.. _request object: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects
 
 The ``set_language`` redirect view
 ==================================
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ message file. The choice is yours.
     of the settings file to determine this, and a settings file doesn't exist
     if you're manually configuring your settings.)
 
-.. _settings documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#using-settings-without-the-django-settings-module-environment-variable
+.. _settings documentation: ../settings/#using-settings-without-the-django-settings-module-environment-variable
 
 All message file repositories are structured the same way. They are:
 
diff --git a/docs/install.txt b/docs/install.txt
index ff8e1a8318..89a1415f5a 100644
--- a/docs/install.txt
+++ b/docs/install.txt
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ each platform.
 .. _Apache: http://httpd.apache.org/
 .. _mod_python: http://www.modpython.org/
 .. _WSGI: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0333.html
-.. _How to use Django with mod_python: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/
+.. _How to use Django with mod_python: ../modpython/
 .. _server-arrangements wiki page: http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/ServerArrangements
 
 Get your database running
@@ -113,14 +113,14 @@ latest bug fixes and improvements, follow these instructions:
 
        svn co http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/trunk/django c:\Python24\lib\site-packages\django
 
-4. Copy the file ``django_src/django/bin/django-admin.py`` to somewhere on your
+3. Copy the file ``django_src/django/bin/django-admin.py`` to somewhere on your
    system path, such as ``/usr/local/bin`` (Unix) or ``C:\Python24\Scripts``
    (Windows). This step simply lets you type ``django-admin.py`` from within
    any directory, rather than having to qualify the command with the full path
    to the file.
 
 You *don't* have to run ``python setup.py install``, because that command
-takes care of steps 3 and 4 for you.
+takes care of steps 2 and 3 for you.
 
 When you want to update your copy of the Django source code, just run the
 command ``svn update`` from within the ``django`` directory. When you do this,
diff --git a/docs/legacy_databases.txt b/docs/legacy_databases.txt
index 66cb1a2ef4..8230c11f61 100644
--- a/docs/legacy_databases.txt
+++ b/docs/legacy_databases.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ utilities to automate as much of this process as possible.
 This document assumes you know the Django basics, as covered in the
 `official tutorial`_.
 
-.. _official tutorial: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial1/
+.. _official tutorial: ../tutorial1/
 
 Give Django your database parameters
 ====================================
@@ -22,18 +22,16 @@ what the name of the database is. Do that by editing these settings in your
     * `DATABASE_ENGINE`_
     * `DATABASE_USER`_
     * `DATABASE_PASSWORD`_
-    * `DATABASE_NAME`_
     * `DATABASE_HOST`_
     * `DATABASE_PORT`_
 
-.. _settings file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
-.. _DATABASE_NAME: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-name
-.. _DATABASE_ENGINE: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-engine
-.. _DATABASE_USER: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-user
-.. _DATABASE_PASSWORD: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-password
-.. _DATABASE_NAME: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-name
-.. _DATABASE_HOST: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-host
-.. _DATABASE_PORT: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#database-port
+.. _settings file: ../settings/
+.. _DATABASE_NAME: ../settings/#database-name
+.. _DATABASE_ENGINE: ../settings/#database-engine
+.. _DATABASE_USER: ../settings/#database-user
+.. _DATABASE_PASSWORD: ../settings/#database-password
+.. _DATABASE_HOST: ../settings/#database-host
+.. _DATABASE_PORT: ../settings/#database-port
 
 Auto-generate the models
 ========================
@@ -54,7 +52,7 @@ Once you've cleaned up your models, name the file ``models.py`` and put it in
 the Python package that holds your app. Then add the app to your
 ``INSTALLED_APPS`` setting.
 
-.. _django-admin.py documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/
+.. _django-admin.py documentation: ../django_admin/
 
 Install the core Django tables
 ==============================
diff --git a/docs/middleware.txt b/docs/middleware.txt
index efc4d89569..7635442a5c 100644
--- a/docs/middleware.txt
+++ b/docs/middleware.txt
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Enables site-wide cache. If this is enabled, each Django-powered page will be
 cached for as long as the ``CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_SECONDS`` setting defines. See
 the `cache documentation`_.
 
-.. _`cache documentation`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/#the-per-site-cache
+.. _`cache documentation`: ../cache/#the-per-site-cache
 
 django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware
 -----------------------------------------
@@ -106,9 +106,10 @@ django.middleware.http.SetRemoteAddrFromForwardedFor
 
 **New in Django development version**
 
-Sets ``request['REMOTE_ADDR']`` based on ``request.['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']``,
-if the latter is set. This is useful if you're sitting behind a reverse proxy
-that causes each request's ``REMOTE_ADDR`` to be set to ``127.0.0.1``.
+Sets ``request.META['REMOTE_ADDR']`` based on
+``request.META['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']``, if the latter is set. This is useful
+if you're sitting behind a reverse proxy that causes each request's
+``REMOTE_ADDR`` to be set to ``127.0.0.1``.
 
 **Important note:** This does NOT validate ``HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR``. If you're
 not behind a reverse proxy that sets ``HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR`` automatically, do
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware
 
 Enables session support. See the `session documentation`_.
 
-.. _`session documentation`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
+.. _`session documentation`: ../sessions/
 
 django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware
 -------------------------------------------------------
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware
 Adds the ``user`` attribute, representing the currently-logged-in user, to
 every incoming ``HttpRequest`` object. See `Authentication in Web requests`_.
 
-.. _Authentication in Web requests: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#authentication-in-web-requests
+.. _Authentication in Web requests: ../authentication/#authentication-in-web-requests
 
 django.middleware.transaction.TransactionMiddleware
 ---------------------------------------------------
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ the same transaction control as the view functions.
 
 See the `transaction management documentation`_.
 
-.. _`transaction management documentation`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/transactions/
+.. _`transaction management documentation`: ../transactions/
 
 Writing your own middleware
 ===========================
diff --git a/docs/model-api.txt b/docs/model-api.txt
index 1aa8c811f4..8abd88f7ec 100644
--- a/docs/model-api.txt
+++ b/docs/model-api.txt
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Django places only two restrictions on model field names:
        the way Django's query lookup syntax works. For example::
 
            class Example(models.Model):
-               foo__bar = models.IntegerField() 'foo__bar' has two underscores!
+               foo__bar = models.IntegerField() # 'foo__bar' has two underscores!
 
 These limitations can be worked around, though, because your field name doesn't
 necessarily have to match your database column name. See `db_column`_ below.
@@ -874,6 +874,10 @@ the relationship should work. All are optional:
                              force Django to add the descriptor for the reverse
                              relationship, allowing ``ManyToMany`` relationships to be
                              non-symmetrical.
+			     
+    ``db_table``             The name of the table to create for storing the many-to-many 
+                             data. If this is not provided, Django will assume a default
+                             name based upon the names of the two tables being joined.
 
     =======================  ============================================================
 
@@ -1268,6 +1272,24 @@ A few special cases to note about ``list_display``:
                   return '<span style="color: #%s;">%s %s</span>' % (self.color_code, self.first_name, self.last_name)
               colored_name.allow_tags = True
 
+    * If the string given is a method of the model that returns True or False 
+      Django will display a pretty "on" or "off" icon if you give the method a 
+      ``boolean`` attribute whose value is ``True``.
+
+      Here's a full example model::
+
+          class Person(models.Model):
+              first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=50)
+              birthday = models.DateField()
+
+              class Admin:
+                  list_display = ('name', 'born_in_fifties')
+
+              def born_in_fifties(self):
+                  return self.birthday.strftime('%Y')[:3] == 5
+              born_in_fifties.boolean = True
+
+
     * The ``__str__()`` method is just as valid in ``list_display`` as any
       other model method, so it's perfectly OK to do this::
 
@@ -1390,7 +1412,10 @@ This should be set to a list of field names that will be searched whenever
 somebody submits a search query in that text box.
 
 These fields should be some kind of text field, such as ``CharField`` or
-``TextField``.
+``TextField``. You can also perform a related lookup on a ``ForeignKey`` with 
+the lookup API "follow" notation::
+
+    search_fields = ['foreign_key__related_fieldname']
 
 When somebody does a search in the admin search box, Django splits the search
 query into words and returns all objects that contain each of the words, case
diff --git a/docs/modpython.txt b/docs/modpython.txt
index 5177abf728..2c999753c7 100644
--- a/docs/modpython.txt
+++ b/docs/modpython.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ You may also be interested in `How to use Django with FastCGI`_.
 .. _mod_perl: http://perl.apache.org/
 .. _prefork MPM: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/prefork.html
 .. _worker MPM: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.html
-.. _How to use Django with FastCGI: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/fastcgi/
+.. _How to use Django with FastCGI: ../fastcgi/
 
 Basic configuration
 ===================
diff --git a/docs/newforms.txt b/docs/newforms.txt
index 9bfbc75ee7..063f686ed5 100644
--- a/docs/newforms.txt
+++ b/docs/newforms.txt
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 The newforms library
 ====================
 
-``django.newforms`` is a new replacement for ``django.forms``, the old Django
-form/manipulator/validation framework. This document explains how to use this
-new form library.
+``django.newforms`` is Django's fantastic new form-handling library. It's a
+replacement for ``django.forms``, the old form/manipulator/validation
+framework. This document explains how to use this new library.
 
 Migration plan
 ==============
@@ -13,18 +13,23 @@ Migration plan
 -- i.e., it's not available in the Django 0.95 release. For the next Django
 release, our plan is to do the following:
 
-    * Move the current ``django.forms`` to ``django.oldforms``. This will allow
-      for an eased migration of form code. You'll just have to change your
-      import statements::
+    * As of revision [4208], we've copied the current ``django.forms`` to
+      ``django.oldforms``. This allows you to upgrade your code *now* rather
+      than waiting for the backwards-incompatible change and rushing to fix
+      your code after the fact. Just change your import statements like this::
 
           from django import forms             # old
           from django import oldforms as forms # new
 
-    * Move the current ``django.newforms`` to ``django.forms``.
+    * At an undecided future date, we will move the current ``django.newforms``
+      to ``django.forms``. This will be a backwards-incompatible change, and
+      anybody who is still using the old version of ``django.forms`` at that
+      time will need to change their import statements, as described in the
+      previous bullet.
 
     * We will remove ``django.oldforms`` in the release *after* the next Django
       release -- the release that comes after the release in which we're
-      creating ``django.oldforms``.
+      creating the new ``django.forms``.
 
 With this in mind, we recommend you use the following import statement when
 using ``django.newforms``::
@@ -46,9 +51,14 @@ too messy. The choice is yours.
 Overview
 ========
 
-As the ``django.forms`` system before it, ``django.newforms`` is intended to
-handle HTML form display, validation and redisplay. It's what you use if you
-want to perform server-side validation for an HTML form.
+As with the ``django.forms`` ("manipulators") system before it, ``django.newforms``
+is intended to handle HTML form display, validation and redisplay. It's what
+you use if you want to perform server-side validation for an HTML form.
+
+For example, if your Web site has a contact form that visitors can use to
+send you e-mail, you'd use this library to implement the display of the HTML
+form fields, along with the form validation. Any time you need to use an HTML
+``<form>``, you can use this library.
 
 The library deals with these concepts:
 
@@ -62,13 +72,751 @@ The library deals with these concepts:
     * **Form** -- A collection of fields that knows how to validate itself and
       display itself as HTML.
 
+The library is decoupled from the other Django components, such as the database
+layer, views and templates. It relies only on Django settings, a couple of
+``django.utils`` helper functions and Django's internationalization hooks (but
+you're not required to be using internationalization features to use this
+library).
 
+Form objects
+============
 
-Using forms with templates
-==========================
+The primary way of using the ``newforms`` library is to create a form object.
+Do this by subclassing ``django.newforms.Form`` and specifying the form's
+fields, in a declarative style that you'll be familiar with if you've used
+Django database models. In this section, we'll iteratively develop a form
+object that you might use to implement "contact me" functionality on your
+personal Web site.
 
-Using forms in views
-====================
+Start with this basic ``Form`` subclass, which we'll call ``ContactForm``::
+
+    from django import newforms as forms
+
+    class ContactForm(forms.Form):
+        subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100)
+        message = forms.CharField()
+        sender = forms.EmailField()
+        cc_myself = forms.BooleanField()
+
+A form is composed of ``Field`` objects. In this case, our form has four
+fields: ``subject``, ``message``, ``sender`` and ``cc_myself``. We'll explain
+the different types of fields -- e.g., ``CharField`` and ``EmailField`` --
+shortly.
+
+Creating ``Form`` instances
+---------------------------
+
+A ``Form`` instance is either **bound** or **unbound** to a set of data.
+
+    * If it's **bound** to a set of data, it's capable of validating that data
+      and rendering the form as HTML with the data displayed in the HTML.
+
+    * If it's **unbound**, it cannot do validation (because there's no data to
+      validate!), but it can still render the blank form as HTML.
+
+To create an unbound ``Form`` instance, simply instantiate the class::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+
+To bind data to a form, pass the data as a dictionary as the first parameter to
+your ``Form`` class constructor::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hello',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'foo@example.com',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+
+In this dictionary, the keys are the field names, which correspond to the
+attributes in your ``Form`` class. The values are the data you're trying
+to validate. These will usually be strings, but there's no requirement that
+they be strings; the type of data you pass depends on the ``Field``, as we'll
+see in a moment.
+
+If you need to distinguish between bound and unbound form instances at runtime,
+check the value of the form's ``is_bound`` attribute::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.is_bound
+    False
+    >>> f = ContactForm({'subject': 'hello'})
+    >>> f.is_bound
+    True
+
+Note that passing an empty dictionary creates a *bound* form with empty data::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm({})
+    >>> f.is_bound
+    True
+
+If you have a bound ``Form`` instance and want to change the data somehow, or
+if you want to bind an unbound ``Form`` instance to some data, create another
+``Form`` instance. There is no way to change data in a ``Form`` instance. Once
+a ``Form`` instance has been created, you should consider its data immutable,
+whether it has data or not.
+
+Using forms to validate data
+----------------------------
+
+The primary task of a ``Form`` object is to validate data. With a bound
+``Form`` instance, call the ``is_valid()`` method to run validation and return
+a boolean designating whether the data was valid::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hello',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'foo@example.com',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    True
+
+Let's try with some invalid data. In this case, ``subject`` is blank (an error,
+because all fields are required by default) and ``sender`` is not a valid
+e-mail address::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': '',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'invalid e-mail address',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    False
+
+Access the ``Form`` attribute ``errors`` to get a dictionary of error messages::
+
+    >>> f.errors
+    {'sender': [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.'], 'subject': [u'This field is required.']}
+
+In this dictionary, the keys are the field names, and the values are lists of
+Unicode strings representing the error messages. The error messages are stored
+in lists because a field can have multiple error messages.
+
+You can access ``errors`` without having to call ``is_valid()`` first. The
+form's data will be validated the first time either you call ``is_valid()`` or
+access ``errors``.
+
+Behavior of unbound forms
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It's meaningless to validate a form with no data, but, for the record, here's
+what happens with unbound forms::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    False
+    >>> f.errors
+    {}
+
+Accessing "clean" data
+----------------------
+
+Each ``Field`` in a ``Form`` class is responsible not only for validating data,
+but also for "cleaning" it -- normalizing it to a consistent format. This is a
+nice feature, because it allows data for a particular field to be input in
+a variety of ways, always resulting in consistent output.
+
+For example, ``DateField`` normalizes input into a Python ``datetime.date``
+object. Regardless of whether you pass it a string in the format
+``'1994-07-15'``, a ``datetime.date`` object or a number of other formats,
+``DateField`` will always normalize it to a ``datetime.date`` object as long as
+it's valid.
+
+Once you've created a ``Form`` instance with a set of data and validated it,
+you can access the clean data via the ``clean_data`` attribute of the ``Form``
+object::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hello',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'foo@example.com',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    True
+    >>> f.clean_data
+    {'cc_myself': True, 'message': u'Hi there', 'sender': u'foo@example.com', 'subject': u'hello'}
+
+Note that any text-based field -- such as ``CharField`` or ``EmailField`` --
+always cleans the input into a Unicode string. We'll cover the encoding
+implications later in this document.
+
+If your data does *not* validate, your ``Form`` instance will not have a
+``clean_data`` attribute::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': '',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'invalid e-mail address',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    False
+    >>> f.clean_data
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    AttributeError: 'ContactForm' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
+
+``clean_data`` will always *only* contain a key for fields defined in the
+``Form``, even if you pass extra data when you define the ``Form``. In this
+example, we pass a bunch of extra fields to the ``ContactForm`` constructor,
+but ``clean_data`` contains only the form's fields::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hello',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'foo@example.com',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True,
+    ...         'extra_field_1': 'foo',
+    ...         'extra_field_2': 'bar',
+    ...         'extra_field_3': 'baz'}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    True
+    >>> f.clean_data # Doesn't contain extra_field_1, etc.
+    {'cc_myself': True, 'message': u'Hi there', 'sender': u'foo@example.com', 'subject': u'hello'}
+
+Behavior of unbound forms
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+It's meaningless to request "clean" data in a form with no data, but, for the
+record, here's what happens with unbound forms::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.clean_data
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    AttributeError: 'ContactForm' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
+
+Outputting forms as HTML
+------------------------
+
+The second task of a ``Form`` object is to render itself as HTML. To do so,
+simply ``print`` it::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+
+If the form is bound to data, the HTML output will include that data
+appropriately. For example, if a field is represented by an
+``<input type="text">``, the data will be in the ``value`` attribute. If a
+field is represented by an ``<input type="checkbox">``, then that HTML will
+include ``checked="checked"`` if appropriate::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hello',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'foo@example.com',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" value="hello" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" value="Hi there" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" value="foo@example.com" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" checked="checked" /></td></tr>
+
+This default output is a two-column HTML table, with a ``<tr>`` for each field.
+Notice the following:
+
+    * For flexibility, the output does *not* include the ``<table>`` and
+      ``</table>`` tags, nor does it include the ``<form>`` and ``</form>``
+      tags or an ``<input type="submit">`` tag. It's your job to do that.
+
+    * Each field type has a default HTML representation. ``CharField`` and
+      ``EmailField`` are represented by an ``<input type="text">``.
+      ``BooleanField`` is represented by an ``<input type="checkbox">``. Note
+      these are merely sensible defaults; you can specify which HTML to use for
+      a given field by using widgets, which we'll explain shortly.
+
+    * The HTML ``name`` for each tag is taken directly from its attribute name
+      in the ``ContactForm`` class.
+
+    * The text label for each field -- e.g. ``'Subject:'``, ``'Message:'`` and
+      ``'Cc myself:'`` is generated from the field name by converting all
+      underscores to spaces and upper-casing the first letter. Again, note
+      these are merely sensible defaults; you can also specify labels manually.
+
+    * Each text label is surrounded in an HTML ``<label>`` tag, which points
+      to the appropriate form field via its ``id``. Its ``id``, in turn, is
+      generated by prepending ``'id_'`` to the field name. The ``id``
+      attributes and ``<label>`` tags are included in the output by default, to
+      follow best practices, but you can change that behavior.
+
+Although ``<table>`` output is the default output style when you ``print`` a
+form, other output styles are available. Each style is available as a method on
+a form object, and each rendering method returns a Unicode object.
+
+``as_p()``
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+``Form.as_p()`` renders the form as a series of ``<p>`` tags, with each ``<p>``
+containing one field::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_p()
+    u'<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>'
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>
+
+``as_ul()``
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+``Form.as_ul()`` renders the form as a series of ``<li>`` tags, with each
+``<li>`` containing one field. It does *not* include the ``<ul>`` or ``</ul>``,
+so that you can specify any HTML attributes on the ``<ul>`` for flexibility::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_ul()
+    u'<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>'
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>
+
+``as_table()``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Finally, ``Form.as_table()`` outputs the form as an HTML ``<table>``. This is
+exactly the same as ``print``. In fact, when you ``print`` a form object, it
+calls its ``as_table()`` method behind the scenes::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_table()
+    u'<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>'
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+
+Configuring HTML ``<label>`` tags
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+An HTML ``<label>`` tag designates which label text is associated with which
+form element. This small enhancement makes forms more usable and more accessible
+to assistive devices. It's always a good idea to use ``<label>`` tags.
+
+By default, the form rendering methods include HTML ``id`` attributes on the
+form elements and corresponding ``<label>`` tags around the labels. The ``id``
+attribute values are generated by prepending ``id_`` to the form field names.
+This behavior is configurable, though, if you want to change the ``id``
+convention or remove HTML ``id`` attributes and ``<label>`` tags entirely.
+
+Use the ``auto_id`` argument to the ``Form`` constructor to control the label
+and ``id`` behavior. This argument must be ``True``, ``False`` or a string.
+
+If ``auto_id`` is ``False``, then the form output will not include ``<label>``
+tags nor ``id`` attributes::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th>Subject:</th><td><input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Message:</th><td><input type="text" name="message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Sender:</th><td><input type="text" name="sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Cc myself:</th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></li>
+    <li>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /></li>
+    <li>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></p>
+    <p>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /></p>
+    <p>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to ``True``, then the form output *will* include
+``<label>`` tags and will simply use the field name as its ``id`` for each form
+field::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=True)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="subject">Subject:</label> <input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="subject">Subject:</label> <input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to a string containing the format character ``'%s'``,
+then the form output will include ``<label>`` tags, and will generate ``id``
+attributes based on the format string. For example, for a format string
+``'field_%s'``, a field named ``subject`` will get the ``id``
+``'field_subject'``. Continuing our example::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id='id_for_%s')
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to any other true value -- such as a string that doesn't
+include ``%s`` -- then the library will act as if ``auto_id`` is ``True``.
+
+By default, ``auto_id`` is set to the string ``'id_%s'``.
+
+Notes on field ordering
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In the ``as_p()``, ``as_ul()`` and ``as_table()`` shortcuts, the fields are
+displayed in the order in which you define them in your form class. For
+example, in the ``ContactForm`` example, the fields are defined in the order
+``subject``, ``message``, ``sender``, ``cc_myself``. To reorder the HTML
+output, just change the order in which those fields are listed in the class.
+
+How errors are displayed
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If you render a bound ``Form`` object, the act of rendering will automatically
+run the form's validation if it hasn't already happened, and the HTML output
+will include the validation errors as a ``<ul>`` near the field. The particular
+positioning of the error messages depends on the output method you're using::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': '',
+    ...         'message': 'Hi there',
+    ...         'sender': 'invalid e-mail address',
+    ...         'cc_myself': True}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th>Subject:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Message:</th><td><input type="text" name="message" value="Hi there" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Sender:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>Enter a valid e-mail address.</li></ul><input type="text" name="sender" value="invalid e-mail address" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Cc myself:</th><td><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li>Message: <input type="text" name="message" value="Hi there" /></li>
+    <li><ul class="errorlist"><li>Enter a valid e-mail address.</li></ul>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" value="invalid e-mail address" /></li>
+    <li>Cc myself: <input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
+    <p>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p>Message: <input type="text" name="message" value="Hi there" /></p>
+    <p><ul class="errorlist"><li>Enter a valid e-mail address.</li></ul></p>
+    <p>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" value="invalid e-mail address" /></p>
+    <p>Cc myself: <input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+More granular output
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``as_p()``, ``as_ul()`` and ``as_table()`` methods are simply shortcuts for
+lazy developers -- they're not the only way a form object can be displayed.
+
+To display the HTML for a single field in your form, use dictionary lookup
+syntax using the field's name as the key, and print the resulting object::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> print f['subject']
+    <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" />
+    >>> print f['message']
+    <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" />
+    >>> print f['sender']
+    <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" />
+    >>> print f['cc_myself']
+    <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" />
+
+Call ``str()`` or ``unicode()`` on the field to get its rendered HTML as a
+string or Unicode object, respectively::
+
+    >>> str(f['subject'])
+    '<input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" />'
+    >>> unicode(f['subject'])
+    u'<input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" />'
+
+The field-specific output honors the form object's ``auto_id`` setting::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f['message']
+    <input type="text" name="message" />
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id='id_%s')
+    >>> print f['message']
+    <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" />
+
+For a field's list of errors, access the field's ``errors`` attribute. This
+is a list-like object that is displayed as an HTML ``<ul>`` when printed::
+
+    >>> data = {'subject': 'hi', 'message': '', 'sender': '', 'cc_myself': ''}
+    >>> f = ContactForm(data, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f['message']
+    <input type="text" name="message" />
+    >>> f['message'].errors
+    [u'This field is required.']
+    >>> print f['message'].errors
+    <ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>
+    >>> f['subject'].errors
+    []
+    >>> print f['subject'].errors
+
+    >>> str(f['subject'].errors)
+    ''
+
+Fields
+======
+
+When you create a ``Form`` class, the most important part is defining the
+fields of the form. Each field has custom validation logic, along with a few
+other hooks.
+
+Although the primary way you'll use ``Field`` classes is in ``Form`` classes,
+you can also instantiate them and use them directly to get a better idea of
+how they work. Each ``Field`` instance has a ``clean()`` method, which takes
+a single argument and either raises a ``django.newforms.ValidationError``
+exception or returns the clean value::
+
+    >>> f = forms.EmailField()
+    >>> f.clean('foo@example.com')
+    u'foo@example.com'
+    >>> f.clean(u'foo@example.com')
+    u'foo@example.com'
+    >>> f.clean('invalid e-mail address')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+
+If you've used Django's old forms/validation framework, take care in noticing
+this ``ValidationError`` is different than the previous ``ValidationError``.
+This one lives at ``django.newforms.ValidationError`` rather than
+``django.core.validators.ValidationError``.
+
+Core field arguments
+--------------------
+
+Each ``Field`` class constructor takes at least these arguments. Some
+``Field`` classes take additional, field-specific arguments, but the following
+should *always* be available:
+
+``required``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+By default, each ``Field`` class assumes the value is required, so if you pass
+an empty value -- either ``None`` or the empty string (``""``) -- then
+``clean()`` will raise a ``ValidationError`` exception::
+
+    >>> f = forms.CharField()
+    >>> f.clean('foo')
+    u'foo'
+    >>> f.clean('')
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+    >>> f.clean(None)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+    >>> f.clean(' ')
+    u' '
+    >>> f.clean(0)
+    u'0'
+    >>> f.clean(True)
+    u'True'
+    >>> f.clean(False)
+    u'False'
+
+To specify that a field is *not* required, pass ``required=False`` to the
+``Field`` constructor::
+
+    >>> f = forms.CharField(required=False)
+    >>> f.clean('foo')
+    u'foo'
+    >>> f.clean('')
+    u''
+    >>> f.clean(None)
+    u''
+    >>> f.clean(0)
+    u'0'
+    >>> f.clean(True)
+    u'True'
+    >>> f.clean(False)
+    u'False'
+
+If a ``Field`` has ``required=False`` and you pass ``clean()`` an empty value,
+then ``clean()`` will return a *normalized* empty value rather than raising
+``ValidationError``. For ``CharField``, this will be a Unicode empty string.
+For other ``Field`` classes, it might be ``None``. (This varies from field to
+field.)
+
+``label``
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``label`` argument lets you specify the "human-friendly" label for this
+field. This is used when the ``Field`` is displayed in a ``Form``.
+
+As explained in _`Outputting forms as HTML` above, the default label for a
+``Field`` is generated from the field name by converting all underscores to
+spaces and upper-casing the first letter. Specify ``label`` if that default
+behavior doesn't result in an adequate label.
+
+Here's a full example ``Form`` that implements ``label`` for two of its fields.
+We've specified ``auto_id=False`` to simplify the output::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField(label='Your name')
+    ...     url = forms.URLField(label='Your Web site', required=False)
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> f = CommentForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Your name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Your Web site:</th><td><input type="text" name="url" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
+
+``initial``
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``initial`` argument lets you specify the initial value to use when
+rendering this ``Field`` in an unbound ``Form``.
+
+The use-case for this is when you want to display an "empty" form in which a
+field is initialized to a particular value. For example::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField(initial='Your name')
+    ...     url = forms.URLField(initial='http://')
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> f = CommentForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="Your name" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Url:</th><td><input type="text" name="url" value="http://" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
+
+You may be thinking, why not just pass a dictionary of the initial values as
+data when displaying the form? Well, if you do that, you'll trigger validation,
+and the HTML output will include any validation errors::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField()
+    ...     url = forms.URLField()
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> default_data = {'name': 'Your name', 'url': 'http://'}
+    >>> f = CommentForm(default_data, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="Your name" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Url:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>Enter a valid URL.</li></ul><input type="text" name="url" value="http://" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
+
+This is why ``initial`` values are only displayed for unbound forms. For bound
+forms, the HTML output will use the bound data.
+
+Also note that ``initial`` values are *not* used as "fallback" data in
+validation if a particular field's value is not given. ``initial`` values are
+*only* intended for initial form display::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField(initial='Your name')
+    ...     url = forms.URLField(initial='http://')
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> data = {'name': '', 'url': '', 'comment': 'Foo'}
+    >>> f = CommentForm(data)
+    >>> f.is_valid()
+    False
+    # The form does *not* fall back to using the initial values.
+    >>> f.errors
+    {'url': [u'This field is required.'], 'name': [u'This field is required.']}
+
+``widget``
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``widget`` argument lets you specify a ``Widget`` class to use when
+rendering this ``Field``. See _`Widgets` below for more information.
+
+``help_text``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``help_text`` argument lets you specify descriptive text for this
+``Field``. If you provide ``help_text``, it will be displayed next to the
+``Field`` when the ``Field`` is rendered in a ``Form``.
+
+Here's a full example ``Form`` that implements ``help_text`` for two of its
+fields. We've specified ``auto_id=False`` to simplify the output::
+
+    >>> class HelpTextContactForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100, help_text='100 characters max.')
+    ...     message = forms.CharField()
+    ...     sender = forms.EmailField(help_text='A valid e-mail address, please.')
+    ...     cc_myself = forms.BooleanField()
+    >>> f = HelpTextContactForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th>Subject:</th><td><input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /><br />100 characters max.</td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Message:</th><td><input type="text" name="message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Sender:</th><td><input type="text" name="sender" /><br />A valid e-mail address, please.</td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Cc myself:</th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /> 100 characters max.</li>
+    <li>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></li>
+    <li>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /> A valid e-mail address, please.</li>
+    <li>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /> 100 characters max.</p>
+    <p>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></p>
+    <p>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /> A valid e-mail address, please.</p>
+    <p>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+Dynamic initial values
+----------------------
+
+The ``initial`` argument to ``Field`` (explained above) lets you hard-code the
+initial value for a ``Field`` -- but what if you want to declare the initial
+value at runtime? For example, you might want to fill in a ``username`` field
+with the username of the current session.
+
+To accomplish this, use the ``initial`` argument to a ``Form``. This argument,
+if given, should be a dictionary mapping field names to initial values. Only
+include the fields for which you're specifying an initial value; it's not
+necessary to include every field in your form. For example::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField()
+    ...     url = forms.URLField()
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> f = CommentForm(initial={'name': 'your username'}, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="your username" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Url:</th><td><input type="text" name="url" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
+    >>> f = CommentForm(initial={'name': 'another username'}, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="another username" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Url:</th><td><input type="text" name="url" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
+
+Just like the ``initial`` parameter to ``Field``, these values are only
+displayed for unbound forms, and they're not used as fallback values if a
+particular value isn't provided.
+
+Finally, note that if a ``Field`` defines ``initial`` *and* you include
+``initial`` when instantiating the ``Form``, then the latter ``initial`` will
+have precedence. In this example, ``initial`` is provided both at the field
+level and at the form instance level, and the latter gets precedence::
+
+    >>> class CommentForm(forms.Form):
+    ...     name = forms.CharField(initial='class')
+    ...     url = forms.URLField()
+    ...     comment = forms.CharField()
+    >>> f = CommentForm(initial={'name': 'instance'}, auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="instance" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Url:</th><td><input type="text" name="url" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Comment:</th><td><input type="text" name="comment" /></td></tr>
 
 More coming soon
 ================
@@ -77,3 +825,9 @@ That's all the documentation for now. For more, see the file
 http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
 -- the unit tests for ``django.newforms``. This can give you a good idea of
 what's possible.
+
+If you're really itching to learn and use this library, please be patient.
+We're working hard on finishing both the code and documentation.
+
+Widgets
+=======
diff --git a/docs/outputting_csv.txt b/docs/outputting_csv.txt
index 1970261891..d6ec3f62a0 100644
--- a/docs/outputting_csv.txt
+++ b/docs/outputting_csv.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ and Django's ``HttpResponse`` objects are file-like objects.
 
     For more information on the CSV library, see the `CSV library docs`_.
 
-    .. _Request and response objects: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/
+    .. _Request and response objects: ../request_response/
     .. _CSV library docs: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-csv.html
 
 Here's an example::
@@ -115,5 +115,5 @@ a line of CSV for each row. It uses the `addslashes template filter`_ to ensure
 there aren't any problems with quotes. If you can be certain your data doesn't
 have single or double quotes in it, you can remove the ``addslashes`` filters.
 
-.. _Django template system: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/
-.. _addslashes template filter: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/#addslashes
+.. _Django template system: ../templates/
+.. _addslashes template filter: ../templates/#addslashes
diff --git a/docs/outputting_pdf.txt b/docs/outputting_pdf.txt
index edd34aca24..464bf7fcb8 100644
--- a/docs/outputting_pdf.txt
+++ b/docs/outputting_pdf.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ objects.
     For more information on ``HttpResponse`` objects, see
     `Request and response objects`_.
 
-    .. _Request and response objects: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/
+    .. _Request and response objects: ../request_response/
 
 Here's a "Hello World" example::
 
diff --git a/docs/overview.txt b/docs/overview.txt
index 8e6274dd9a..35af75bf05 100644
--- a/docs/overview.txt
+++ b/docs/overview.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ understand how Django works, but this isn't intended to be a tutorial or
 reference. Please see our more-detailed Django documentation_ when you're ready
 to start a project.
 
-.. _documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/
+.. _documentation: ../
 
 Design your model
 =================
diff --git a/docs/redirects.txt b/docs/redirects.txt
index e0bcb2f1fa..5f84f28097 100644
--- a/docs/redirects.txt
+++ b/docs/redirects.txt
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ To install the redirects app, follow these steps:
        to your MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES_ setting.
     3. Run the command ``manage.py syncdb``.
 
-.. _INSTALLED_APPS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#installed-apps
-.. _MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#middleware-classes
+.. _INSTALLED_APPS: ../settings/#installed-apps
+.. _MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES: ../settings/#middleware-classes
 
 How it works
 ============
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ resort.
 
 For more on middleware, read the `middleware docs`_.
 
-.. _SITE_ID: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#site-id
-.. _middleware docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
+.. _SITE_ID: ../settings/#site-id
+.. _middleware docs: ../middleware/
 
 How to add, change and delete redirects
 =======================================
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ Via the Python API
 ------------------
 
 Redirects are represented by a standard `Django model`_, which lives in
-`django/contrib/redirects/models/redirects.py`_. You can access redirect
+`django/contrib/redirects/models.py`_. You can access redirect
 objects via the `Django database API`_.
 
-.. _Django model: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/
-.. _django/contrib/redirects/models/redirects.py: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/django/contrib/redirects/models/redirects.py
-.. _Django database API: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
+.. _Django model: ../model_api/
+.. _django/contrib/redirects/models.py: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/django/contrib/redirects/models.py
+.. _Django database API: ../db_api/
diff --git a/docs/request_response.txt b/docs/request_response.txt
index 006ac6b648..afea0bcd53 100644
--- a/docs/request_response.txt
+++ b/docs/request_response.txt
@@ -117,14 +117,14 @@ All attributes except ``session`` should be considered read-only.
     ``AuthenticationMiddleware`` activated. For more, see
     `Authentication in Web requests`_.
 
-    .. _Authentication in Web requests: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#authentication-in-web-requests
+    .. _Authentication in Web requests: ../authentication/#authentication-in-web-requests
 
 ``session``
     A readable-and-writable, dictionary-like object that represents the current
     session. This is only available if your Django installation has session
     support activated. See the `session documentation`_ for full details.
 
-    .. _`session documentation`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
+    .. _`session documentation`: ../sessions/
 
 ``raw_post_data``
     The raw HTTP POST data. This is only useful for advanced processing. Use
diff --git a/docs/sessions.txt b/docs/sessions.txt
index dd4a581d91..8c54c1634a 100644
--- a/docs/sessions.txt
+++ b/docs/sessions.txt
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ If you don't want to use sessions, you might as well remove the
 ``SessionMiddleware`` line from ``MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES`` and ``'django.contrib.sessions'``
 from your ``INSTALLED_APPS``. It'll save you a small bit of overhead.
 
-.. _middleware: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
+.. _middleware: ../middleware/
 
 Using sessions in views
 =======================
@@ -217,6 +217,23 @@ browser-length cookies -- cookies that expire as soon as the user closes his or
 her browser. Use this if you want people to have to log in every time they open
 a browser.
 
+Clearing the session table
+==========================
+
+Note that session data can accumulate in the ``django_session`` database table
+and Django does *not* provide automatic purging. Therefore, it's your job to
+purge expired sessions on a regular basis.
+
+To understand this problem, consider what happens when a user uses a session.
+When a user logs in, Django adds a row to the ``django_session`` database
+table. Django updates this row each time the session data changes. If the user
+logs out manually, Django deletes the row. But if the user does *not* log out,
+the row never gets deleted.
+
+Django provides a sample clean-up script in ``django/bin/daily_cleanup.py``.
+That script deletes any session in the session table whose ``expire_date`` is
+in the past -- but your application may have different requirements.
+
 Settings
 ========
 
@@ -273,7 +290,7 @@ Whether to save the session data on every request. If this is ``False``
 (default), then the session data will only be saved if it has been modified --
 that is, if any of its dictionary values have been assigned or deleted.
 
-.. _Django settings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
+.. _Django settings: ../settings/
 
 Technical details
 =================
diff --git a/docs/settings.txt b/docs/settings.txt
index 00672060db..cdf440ed6b 100644
--- a/docs/settings.txt
+++ b/docs/settings.txt
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Use the ``--settings`` command-line argument to specify the settings manually::
 
     django-admin.py runserver --settings=mysite.settings
 
-.. _django-admin.py: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/
+.. _django-admin.py: ../django_admin/
 
 On the server (mod_python)
 --------------------------
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ settings file to use. Do that with ``SetEnv``::
 
 Read the `Django mod_python documentation`_ for more information.
 
-.. _Django mod_python documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/
+.. _Django mod_python documentation: ../modpython/
 
 Default settings
 ================
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ between the current settings file and Django's default settings.
 
 For more, see the `diffsettings documentation`_.
 
-.. _diffsettings documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/#diffsettings
+.. _diffsettings documentation: ../django_admin/#diffsettings
 
 Using settings in Python code
 =============================
@@ -157,13 +157,13 @@ ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES
 
 Default: ``{}`` (Empty dictionary)
 
-A dictionary mapping ``"app_label.module_name"`` strings to functions that take
+A dictionary mapping ``"app_label.model_name"`` strings to functions that take
 a model object and return its URL. This is a way of overriding
 ``get_absolute_url()`` methods on a per-installation basis. Example::
 
     ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES = {
-        'blogs.blogs': lambda o: "/blogs/%s/" % o.slug,
-        'news.stories': lambda o: "/stories/%s/%s/" % (o.pub_year, o.slug),
+        'blogs.Weblog': lambda o: "/blogs/%s/" % o.slug,
+        'news.Story': lambda o: "/stories/%s/%s/" % (o.pub_year, o.slug),
     }
 
 ADMIN_FOR
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ pages -- and, possibly, by other parts of the system. See
 
 See also DATETIME_FORMAT, TIME_FORMAT, YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT and MONTH_DAY_FORMAT.
 
-.. _allowed date format strings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/#now
+.. _allowed date format strings: ../templates/#now
 
 DATETIME_FORMAT
 ---------------
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ pages -- and, possibly, by other parts of the system. See
 
 See also DATE_FORMAT, DATETIME_FORMAT, TIME_FORMAT, YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT and MONTH_DAY_FORMAT.
 
-.. _allowed date format strings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/#now
+.. _allowed date format strings: ../templates/#now
 
 DEBUG
 -----
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ A tuple of strings designating all applications that are enabled in this Django
 installation. Each string should be a full Python path to a Python package that
 contains a Django application, as created by `django-admin.py startapp`_.
 
-.. _django-admin.py startapp: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/#startapp-appname
+.. _django-admin.py startapp: ../django_admin/#startapp-appname
 
 INTERNAL_IPS
 ------------
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ A string representing the language code for this installation. This should be
 in standard language format. For example, U.S. English is ``"en-us"``. See the
 `internationalization docs`_.
 
-.. _internationalization docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/i18n/
+.. _internationalization docs: ../i18n/
 
 LANGUAGES
 ---------
@@ -557,6 +557,11 @@ Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
 URL that handles the media served from ``MEDIA_ROOT``.
 Example: ``"http://media.lawrence.com"``
 
+Note that this should have a trailing slash if it has a path component.
+
+Good: ``"http://www.example.com/static/"``
+Bad: ``"http://www.example.com/static"``
+
 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
 ------------------
 
@@ -612,7 +617,7 @@ Default: Not defined
 A string representing the full Python import path to your root URLconf. For example:
 ``"mydjangoapps.urls"``. See `How Django processes a request`_.
 
-.. _How Django processes a request: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/#how-django-processes-a-request
+.. _How Django processes a request: ../url_dispatch/#how-django-processes-a-request
 
 SECRET_KEY
 ----------
@@ -704,7 +709,7 @@ and a single database can manage content for multiple sites.
 
 See the `site framework docs`_.
 
-.. _site framework docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sites/
+.. _site framework docs: ../sites/
 
 TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS
 ---------------------------
@@ -760,7 +765,7 @@ Default: ``''`` (Empty string)
 Output, as a string, that the template system should use for invalid (e.g.
 misspelled) variables. See `How invalid variables are handled`_.
 
-.. _How invalid variables are handled: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/#how-invalid-variables-are-handled
+.. _How invalid variables are handled: ../templates_python/#how-invalid-variables-are-handled
 
 TEST_RUNNER
 -----------
@@ -798,7 +803,7 @@ pages -- and, possibly, by other parts of the system. See
 See also DATE_FORMAT, DATETIME_FORMAT, TIME_FORMAT, YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT and
 MONTH_DAY_FORMAT.
 
-.. _allowed date format strings: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/#now
+.. _allowed date format strings: ../templates/#now
 
 TIME_ZONE
 ---------
@@ -868,11 +873,11 @@ Different locales have different formats. For example, U.S. English would say
 See `allowed date format strings`_. See also DATE_FORMAT, DATETIME_FORMAT,
 TIME_FORMAT and MONTH_DAY_FORMAT.
 
-.. _cache docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/
-.. _middleware docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
-.. _session docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
-.. _See available choices: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
-.. _template documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/
+.. _cache docs: ../cache/
+.. _middleware docs: ../middleware/
+.. _session docs: ../sessions/
+.. _See available choices: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+.. _template documentation: ../templates_python/
 
 Creating your own settings
 ==========================
diff --git a/docs/sitemaps.txt b/docs/sitemaps.txt
index 7414567b16..dafc009859 100644
--- a/docs/sitemaps.txt
+++ b/docs/sitemaps.txt
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ you express this information in Python code.
 It works much like Django's `syndication framework`_. To create a sitemap, just
 write a ``Sitemap`` class and point to it in your URLconf_.
 
-.. _syndication framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/syndication/
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _syndication framework: ../syndication/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Installation
 ============
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ To install the sitemap app, follow these steps:
 reason it needs to go into ``INSTALLED_APPS`` is so that the
 ``load_template_source`` template loader can find the default templates.)
 
-.. _INSTALLED_APPS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#installed-apps
-.. _TEMPLATE_LOADERS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#template-loaders
-.. _sites framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sites/
+.. _INSTALLED_APPS: ../settings/#installed-apps
+.. _TEMPLATE_LOADERS: ../settings/#template-loaders
+.. _sites framework: ../sites/
 
 Initialization
 ==============
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The sitemap view takes an extra, required argument: ``{'sitemaps': sitemaps}``.
 ``NewsSitemap``). It may also map to an *instance* of a ``Sitemap`` class
 (e.g., ``BlogSitemap(some_var)``).
 
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Sitemap classes
 ===============
@@ -217,8 +217,8 @@ defined for the current ``SITE_ID`` (see the `sites documentation`_) and
 creates an entry in the sitemap. These entries include only the ``location``
 attribute -- not ``lastmod``, ``changefreq`` or ``priority``.
 
-.. _flatpages: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/flatpages/
-.. _sites documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sites/
+.. _flatpages: ../flatpages/
+.. _sites documentation: ../sites/
 
 ``GenericSitemap``
 ------------------
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ the ``lastmod`` attribute in the generated sitemap. You may also pass
 ``priority`` and ``changefreq`` keyword arguments to the ``GenericSitemap``
 constructor to specify these attributes for all URLs.
 
-.. _generic views: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
+.. _generic views: ../generic_views/
 
 Example
 -------
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ Here's an example of a URLconf_ using both::
         (r'^sitemap.xml$', 'django.contrib.sitemaps.views.sitemap', {'sitemaps': sitemaps})
     )
 
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Creating a sitemap index
 ========================
diff --git a/docs/sites.txt b/docs/sites.txt
index 8c5f1fc64b..7497d7dd80 100644
--- a/docs/sites.txt
+++ b/docs/sites.txt
@@ -276,8 +276,8 @@ you want your admin site to have access to all objects (not just site-specific
 ones), put ``objects = models.Manager()`` in your model, before you define
 ``CurrentSiteManager``.
 
-.. _manager: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/#managers
-.. _manager documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/model_api/#managers
+.. _manager: ../model_api/#managers
+.. _manager documentation: ../model_api/#managers
 
 How Django uses the sites framework
 ===================================
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ Here's how Django uses the sites framework:
     * The shortcut view (``django.views.defaults.shortcut``) uses the domain of
       the current ``Site`` object when calculating an object's URL.
 
-.. _redirects framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/redirects/
-.. _flatpages framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/flatpages/
-.. _syndication framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/syndication/
-.. _authentication framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/
+.. _redirects framework: ../redirects/
+.. _flatpages framework: ../flatpages/
+.. _syndication framework: ../syndication/
+.. _authentication framework: ../authentication/
diff --git a/docs/static_files.txt b/docs/static_files.txt
index 55380a659b..b6a1d278fd 100644
--- a/docs/static_files.txt
+++ b/docs/static_files.txt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ production setting. Use this only for development.
 For information on serving static files in an Apache production environment,
 see the `Django mod_python documentation`_.
 
-.. _Django mod_python documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/modpython/#serving-media-files
+.. _Django mod_python documentation: ../modpython/#serving-media-files
 
 How to do it
 ============
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Examples:
     * The file ``/path/bar.jpg`` will not be accessible, because it doesn't
       fall under the document root.
 
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Directory listings
 ==================
@@ -122,4 +122,4 @@ associated with the ``django.views.static.serve`` view. If not
 Of course, the catch here is that you'll have to remember to set ``DEBUG=False``
 in your production settings file. But you should be doing that anyway.
 
-.. _DEBUG setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#debug
+.. _DEBUG setting: ../settings/#debug
diff --git a/docs/syndication_feeds.txt b/docs/syndication_feeds.txt
index 59a9022d9b..72b05ff16a 100644
--- a/docs/syndication_feeds.txt
+++ b/docs/syndication_feeds.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ to determine which feed to output.
 
 To create a feed, just write a ``Feed`` class and point to it in your URLconf_.
 
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Initialization
 --------------
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ The above example registers two feeds:
 
 Once that's set up, you just need to define the ``Feed`` classes themselves.
 
-.. _URLconf: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
-.. _settings file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
+.. _URLconf: ../url_dispatch/
+.. _settings file: ../settings/
 
 Feed classes
 ------------
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ put into those elements.
              {{ obj.description }}
 
 .. _chicagocrime.org: http://www.chicagocrime.org/
-.. _object-relational mapper: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
-.. _Django templates: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/
+.. _object-relational mapper: ../db_api/
+.. _Django templates: ../templates/
 
 A complex example
 -----------------
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ Feeds created by the syndication framework automatically include the
 appropriate ``<language>`` tag (RSS 2.0) or ``xml:lang`` attribute (Atom). This
 comes directly from your `LANGUAGE_CODE setting`_.
 
-.. _LANGUAGE_CODE setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#language-code
+.. _LANGUAGE_CODE setting: ../settings/#language-code
 
 URLs
 ----
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ Atom feeds require a ``<link rel="self">`` that defines the feed's current
 location. The syndication framework populates this automatically, using the
 domain of the current site according to the SITE_ID setting.
 
-.. _SITE_ID setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#site-id
+.. _SITE_ID setting: ../settings/#site-id
 
 Publishing Atom and RSS feeds in tandem
 ---------------------------------------
diff --git a/docs/templates.txt b/docs/templates.txt
index b4cc47b9f3..9f8fe446b4 100644
--- a/docs/templates.txt
+++ b/docs/templates.txt
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ Note that if you use ``{% ssi %}``, you'll need to define
 
 See also: ``{% include %}``.
 
-.. _ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#allowed-include-roots
+.. _ALLOWED_INCLUDE_ROOTS: ../settings/#allowed-include-roots
 
 templatetag
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -924,13 +924,31 @@ Replaces ampersands with ``&amp;`` entities.
 floatformat
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Rounds a floating-point number to one decimal place -- but only if there's a
-decimal part to be displayed. For example:
+When used without an argument, rounds a floating-point number to one decimal
+place -- but only if there's a decimal part to be displayed. For example:
 
     * ``36.123`` gets converted to ``36.1``
     * ``36.15`` gets converted to ``36.2``
     * ``36`` gets converted to ``36``
 
+**New in Django development version**
+
+If used with a numeric integer argument, ``floatformat`` rounds a number to that 
+many decimal places.  For example:
+
+    * ``36.1234`` with floatformat:3 gets converted to ``36.123``
+    * ``36`` with floatformat:4 gets converted to ``36.0000``
+
+If the argument passed to ``floatformat`` is negative, it will round a number to
+that many decimal places -- but only if there's a decimal part to be displayed.
+For example:
+
+    * ``36.1234`` with floatformat:-3 gets converted to ``36.123``
+    * ``36`` with floatformat:-4 gets converted to ``36``
+
+Using ``floatformat`` with no argument is equivalent to using ``floatformat`` with 
+an argument of ``-1``.
+
 get_digit
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -1200,7 +1218,7 @@ django.contrib.humanize
 A set of Django template filters useful for adding a "human touch" to data. See
 the `humanize documentation`_.
 
-.. _humanize documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/add_ons/#humanize
+.. _humanize documentation: ../add_ons/#humanize
 
 django.contrib.markup
 ---------------------
diff --git a/docs/templates_python.txt b/docs/templates_python.txt
index 7aeed935b9..5f9c5bde43 100644
--- a/docs/templates_python.txt
+++ b/docs/templates_python.txt
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ If you're looking to use the Django template system as part of another
 application -- i.e., without the rest of the framework -- make sure to read
 the `configuration`_ section later in this document.
 
-.. _`The Django template language: For template authors`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/
+.. _`The Django template language: For template authors`: ../templates/
 
 Basics
 ======
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ Note::
 
 Here's what each of the default processors does:
 
-.. _HttpRequest object: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/#httprequest-objects
-.. _TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#template-context-processors
+.. _HttpRequest object: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects
+.. _TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS setting: ../settings/#template-context-processors
 
 django.core.context_processors.auth
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -353,9 +353,9 @@ If ``TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`` contains this processor, every
       permissions that the currently logged-in user has. See the `permissions
       docs`_.
 
-.. _user authentication docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#users
-.. _message docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#messages
-.. _permissions docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/authentication/#permissions
+.. _user authentication docs: ../authentication/#users
+.. _message docs: ../authentication/#messages
+.. _permissions docs: ../authentication/#permissions
 
 django.core.context_processors.debug
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -383,9 +383,9 @@ If ``TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS`` contains this processor, every
 
 See the `internationalization docs`_ for more.
 
-.. _LANGUAGES setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#languages
-.. _LANGUAGE_CODE setting: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#language-code
-.. _internationalization docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/i18n/
+.. _LANGUAGES setting: ../settings/#languages
+.. _LANGUAGE_CODE setting: ../settings/#language-code
+.. _internationalization docs: ../i18n/
 
 django.core.context_processors.request
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ The ``takes_context`` parameter defaults to ``False``. When it's set to *True*,
 the tag is passed the context object, as in this example. That's the only
 difference between this case and the previous ``inclusion_tag`` example.
 
-.. _tutorials: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial1/#creating-models
+.. _tutorials: ../tutorial1/#creating-models
 
 Setting a variable in the context
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -1115,5 +1115,5 @@ settings you wish to specify. You might want to consider setting at least
 `settings documentation`_, and any setting starting with *TEMPLATE_*
 is of obvious interest.
 
-.. _settings file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/#using-settings-without-the-django-settings-module-environment-variable
-.. _settings documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
+.. _settings file: ../settings/#using-settings-without-the-django-settings-module-environment-variable
+.. _settings documentation: ../settings/
diff --git a/docs/testing.txt b/docs/testing.txt
index a0b8a8a187..e7c1a3b161 100644
--- a/docs/testing.txt
+++ b/docs/testing.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ changed unexpectedly as a result of the refactor.
 Testing a web application is a complex task, as there are many
 components of a web application that must be validated and tested. To
 help you test your application, Django provides a test execution
-framework, and range of utilities that can be used to stimulate and
+framework, and range of utilities that can be used to simulate and
 inspect various facets of a web application.
 
     This testing framework is currently under development, and may change
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ can be invoked on the ``Client`` instance.
 
     will result in the evaluation of a GET request equivalent to::
 
-        http://yoursite.com/customers/details/?name='fred'&age=7
+        http://yoursite.com/customers/details/?name=fred&age=7
 
 ``post(path, data={})``
     Make a POST request on the provided ``path``. The key-value pairs in the
@@ -244,11 +244,11 @@ can be invoked on the ``Client`` instance.
 
 ``login(path, username, password)``
     In a production site, it is likely that some views will be protected with
-    the @login_required URL provided by ``django.contrib.auth``. Interacting
+    the @login_required decorator provided by ``django.contrib.auth``. Interacting
     with a URL that has been login protected is a slightly complex operation,
-    so the Test Client provides a simple URL to automate the login process. A
+    so the Test Client provides a simple method to automate the login process. A
     call to ``login()`` stimulates the series of GET and POST calls required
-    to log a user into a @login_required protected URL.
+    to log a user into a @login_required protected view.
 
     If login is possible, the final return value of ``login()`` is the response 
     that is generated by issuing a GET request on the protected URL. If login
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ arguments:
     tested. This is the same format returned by ``django.db.models.get_apps()``
 
     Verbosity determines the amount of notification and debug information that 
-    will be printed to the console; '0' is no output, '1' is normal output,
+    will be printed to the console; `0` is no output, `1` is normal output,
     and `2` is verbose output.
 
 Testing utilities
diff --git a/docs/tutorial01.txt b/docs/tutorial01.txt
index 1113b603da..1b241f728a 100644
--- a/docs/tutorial01.txt
+++ b/docs/tutorial01.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ installed by running the Python interactive interpreter and typing
 ``import django``. If that command runs successfully, with no errors, Django is
 installed.
 
-.. _`Django installed`: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/install/
+.. _`Django installed`: ../install/
 
 Creating a project
 ==================
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ It worked!
 
     Full docs for the development server are at `django-admin documentation`_.
 
-.. _django-admin documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/
+.. _django-admin documentation: ../django_admin/
 
 Database setup
 --------------
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ as you like, and it will only ever create the tables that don't exist.
 Read the `django-admin.py documentation`_ for full information on what the
 ``manage.py`` utility can do.
 
-.. _django-admin.py documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/django_admin/
+.. _django-admin.py documentation: ../django_admin/
 
 Playing with the API
 ====================
@@ -555,5 +555,5 @@ For full details on the database API, see our `Database API reference`_.
 When you're comfortable with the API, read `part 2 of this tutorial`_ to get
 Django's automatic admin working.
 
-.. _Database API reference: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/db_api/
-.. _part 2 of this tutorial: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial2/
+.. _Database API reference: ../db_api/
+.. _part 2 of this tutorial: ../tutorial2/
diff --git a/docs/tutorial02.txt b/docs/tutorial02.txt
index f6d4045fa3..2eabae96f0 100644
--- a/docs/tutorial02.txt
+++ b/docs/tutorial02.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Writing your first Django app, part 2
 This tutorial begins where `Tutorial 1`_ left off. We're continuing the Web-poll
 application and will focus on Django's automatically-generated admin site.
 
-.. _Tutorial 1: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial1/
+.. _Tutorial 1: ../tutorial1/
 
 .. admonition:: Philosophy
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ tutorial, remember?) You should see the Django admin index page:
 By default, you should see two types of editable content: groups and users.
 These are core features Django ships with by default.
 
-.. _"I can't log in" questions: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/faq/#the-admin-site
+.. _"I can't log in" questions: ../faq/#the-admin-site
 
 Make the poll app modifiable in the admin
 =========================================
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ Django automatically looks for a ``templates/`` subdirectory within each app
 package, for use as a fallback. See the `loader types documentation`_ for full
 information.
 
-.. _loader types documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/#loader-types
+.. _loader types documentation: ../templates_python/#loader-types
 
 Customize the admin index page
 ==============================
@@ -433,5 +433,5 @@ general, see the `Django admin CSS guide`_.
 When you're comfortable with the admin site, read `part 3 of this tutorial`_ to
 start working on public poll views.
 
-.. _Django admin CSS guide: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/admin_css/
-.. _part 3 of this tutorial: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial3/
+.. _Django admin CSS guide: ../admin_css/
+.. _part 3 of this tutorial: ../tutorial3/
diff --git a/docs/tutorial03.txt b/docs/tutorial03.txt
index c4c1b4c546..17b6ec0c68 100644
--- a/docs/tutorial03.txt
+++ b/docs/tutorial03.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Writing your first Django app, part 3
 This tutorial begins where `Tutorial 2`_ left off. We're continuing the Web-poll
 application and will focus on creating the public interface -- "views."
 
-.. _Tutorial 2: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial2/
+.. _Tutorial 2: ../tutorial2/
 
 Philosophy
 ==========
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ time the URLconf module is loaded. They're super fast.
 
 .. _Wikipedia's entry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression
 .. _Python documentation: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-re.html
-.. _request and response documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/
-.. _URLconf documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/url_dispatch/
+.. _request and response documentation: ../request_response/
+.. _URLconf documentation: ../url_dispatch/
 
 Write your first view
 =====================
@@ -260,8 +260,7 @@ provides a shortcut. Here's the full ``index()`` view, rewritten::
         latest_poll_list = Poll.objects.all().order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
         return render_to_response('polls/index.html', {'latest_poll_list': latest_poll_list})
 
-Note that we no longer need to import ``loader``, ``Context`` or
-``HttpResponse``.
+Note that once we've done this in all these views, we no longer need to import ``loader``, ``Context`` and ``HttpResponse``.
 
 The ``render_to_response()`` function takes a template name as its first
 argument and a dictionary as its optional second argument. It returns an
@@ -300,7 +299,7 @@ rewritten::
 
 The ``get_object_or_404()`` function takes a Django model module as its first
 argument and an arbitrary number of keyword arguments, which it passes to the
-module's ``get_object()`` function. It raises ``Http404`` if the object doesn't
+module's ``get()`` function. It raises ``Http404`` if the object doesn't
 exist.
 
 .. admonition:: Philosophy
@@ -377,7 +376,7 @@ iterable of Choice objects and is suitable for use in the ``{% for %}`` tag.
 
 See the `template guide`_ for full details on how templates work.
 
-.. _template guide: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates/
+.. _template guide: ../templates/
 
 Simplifying the URLconfs
 ========================
@@ -464,4 +463,4 @@ All the poll app cares about is its relative URLs, not its absolute URLs.
 When you're comfortable with writing views, read `part 4 of this tutorial`_ to
 learn about simple form processing and generic views.
 
-.. _part 4 of this tutorial: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial4/
+.. _part 4 of this tutorial: ../tutorial4/
diff --git a/docs/tutorial04.txt b/docs/tutorial04.txt
index 49ed649cff..7b19bdaeaf 100644
--- a/docs/tutorial04.txt
+++ b/docs/tutorial04.txt
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Now, go to ``/polls/1/`` in your browser and vote in the poll. You should see a
 results page that gets updated each time you vote. If you submit the form
 without having chosen a choice, you should see the error message.
 
-.. _request and response documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/
+.. _request and response documentation: ../request_response/
 
 Use generic views: Less code is better
 ======================================
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Run the server, and use your new polling app based on generic views.
 
 For full details on generic views, see the `generic views documentation`_.
 
-.. _generic views documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
+.. _generic views documentation: ../generic_views/
 
 Coming soon
 ===========
@@ -241,4 +241,4 @@ installments:
     * Advanced admin features: Permissions
     * Advanced admin features: Custom JavaScript
 
-.. _Tutorial 3: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/tutorial3/
+.. _Tutorial 3: ../tutorial3/
diff --git a/docs/url_dispatch.txt b/docs/url_dispatch.txt
index 00a7af027a..da4be2c746 100644
--- a/docs/url_dispatch.txt
+++ b/docs/url_dispatch.txt
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ algorithm the system follows to determine which Python code to execute:
        `request object`_ as its first argument and any values captured in the
        regex as remaining arguments.
 
-.. _settings file: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/settings/
-.. _request object: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/request_response/#httprequest-objects
+.. _settings file: ../settings/
+.. _request object: ../request_response/#httprequest-objects
 
 Example
 =======
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ With this in mind, the above example can be written more concisely as::
 Note that you don't put a trailing dot (``"."``) in the prefix. Django puts
 that in automatically.
 
-.. _Django overview: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/overview/
+.. _Django overview: ../overview/
 
 Multiple view prefixes
 ----------------------
@@ -387,13 +387,13 @@ In this example, for a request to ``/blog/2005/``, Django will call the
 This technique is used in `generic views`_ and in the `syndication framework`_
 to pass metadata and options to views.
 
-.. _generic views: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/generic_views/
-.. _syndication framework: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/syndication/
+.. _generic views: ../generic_views/
+.. _syndication framework: ../syndication/
 
 Passing extra options to ``include()``
 --------------------------------------
 
-**New in the Django development version.**
+**New in Django development version.**
 
 Similarly, you can pass extra options to ``include()``. When you pass extra
 options to ``include()``, *each* line in the included URLconf will be passed
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ every view in the the included URLconf accepts the extra options you're passing.
 Passing callable objects instead of strings
 ===========================================
 
-**New in the Django development version.**
+**New in Django development version.**
 
 Some developers find it more natural to pass the actual Python function object
 rather than a string containing the path to its module. This alternative is
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 9c189ebf75..13ad065681 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from distutils.core import setup
 from distutils.command.install import INSTALL_SCHEMES
 import os
+import sys
 
 # Tell distutils to put the data_files in platform-specific installation
 # locations. See here for an explanation:
@@ -23,11 +24,20 @@ for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(django_dir):
         package = dirpath[len_root_dir:].lstrip('/').replace('/', '.')
         packages.append(package)
     else:
-        data_files.append((dirpath, [os.path.join(dirpath, f) for f in filenames]))
+        data_files.append([dirpath, [os.path.join(dirpath, f) for f in filenames]])
+
+# Small hack for working with bdist_wininst.
+# See http://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/2004-August/004134.html
+if sys.argv[1] == 'bdist_wininst':
+    for file_info in data_files:
+        file_info[0] = '/PURELIB/%s' % file_info[0]
+
+# Dynamically calculate the version based on django.VERSION.
+version = "%d.%d-%s" % (__import__('django').VERSION)
 
 setup(
     name = "Django",
-    version = "0.95",
+    version = version,
     url = 'http://www.djangoproject.com/',
     author = 'Lawrence Journal-World',
     author_email = 'holovaty@gmail.com',
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/basic/models.py b/tests/modeltests/basic/models.py
index 5638865f31..1663068892 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/basic/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/basic/models.py
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ class Article(models.Model):
     headline = models.CharField(maxlength=100, default='Default headline')
     pub_date = models.DateTimeField()
 
+    class Meta:
+        ordering = ('pub_date','headline')
+        
     def __str__(self):
         return self.headline
 
@@ -245,7 +248,7 @@ datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)
 
 # Slices (without step) are lazy:
 >>> Article.objects.all()[0:5].filter()
-[<Article: Area woman programs in Python>, <Article: Second article>, <Article: Third article>, <Article: Fourth article>, <Article: Article 6>]
+[<Article: Area woman programs in Python>, <Article: Second article>, <Article: Third article>, <Article: Article 6>, <Article: Default headline>]
 
 # Slicing again works:
 >>> Article.objects.all()[0:5][0:2]
@@ -253,17 +256,17 @@ datetime.datetime(2005, 7, 28, 0, 0)
 >>> Article.objects.all()[0:5][:2]
 [<Article: Area woman programs in Python>, <Article: Second article>]
 >>> Article.objects.all()[0:5][4:]
-[<Article: Article 6>]
+[<Article: Default headline>]
 >>> Article.objects.all()[0:5][5:]
 []
 
 # Some more tests!
 >>> Article.objects.all()[2:][0:2]
-[<Article: Third article>, <Article: Fourth article>]
+[<Article: Third article>, <Article: Article 6>]
 >>> Article.objects.all()[2:][:2]
-[<Article: Third article>, <Article: Fourth article>]
+[<Article: Third article>, <Article: Article 6>]
 >>> Article.objects.all()[2:][2:3]
-[<Article: Article 6>]
+[<Article: Default headline>]
 
 # Note that you can't use 'offset' without 'limit' (on some dbs), so this doesn't work:
 >>> Article.objects.all()[2:]
@@ -312,7 +315,7 @@ AttributeError: Manager isn't accessible via Article instances
 
 # Bulk delete test: How many objects before and after the delete?
 >>> Article.objects.all()
-[<Article: Area woman programs in Python>, <Article: Second article>, <Article: Third article>, <Article: Fourth article>, <Article: Article 6>, <Article: Default headline>, <Article: Article 7>, <Article: Updated article 8>]
+[<Article: Area woman programs in Python>, <Article: Second article>, <Article: Third article>, <Article: Article 6>, <Article: Default headline>, <Article: Fourth article>, <Article: Article 7>, <Article: Updated article 8>]
 >>> Article.objects.filter(id__lte=4).delete()
 >>> Article.objects.all()
 [<Article: Article 6>, <Article: Default headline>, <Article: Article 7>, <Article: Updated article 8>]
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/custom_columns/models.py b/tests/modeltests/custom_columns/models.py
index e88fa80da2..c09ca05557 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/custom_columns/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/custom_columns/models.py
@@ -1,53 +1,105 @@
 """
-17. Custom column names
+17. Custom column/table names
 
 If your database column name is different than your model attribute, use the
 ``db_column`` parameter. Note that you'll use the field's name, not its column
 name, in API usage.
+
+If your database table name is different than your model name, use the
+``db_table`` Meta attribute. This has no effect on the API used to 
+query the database.
+
+If you need to use a table name for a many-to-many relationship that differs 
+from the default generated name, use the ``db_table`` parameter on the 
+ManyToMany field. This has no effect on the API for querying the database.
+
 """
 
 from django.db import models
 
-class Person(models.Model):
+class Author(models.Model):
     first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30, db_column='firstname')
     last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30, db_column='last')
 
     def __str__(self):
         return '%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
 
+    class Meta:
+        db_table = 'my_author_table'
+        ordering = ('last_name','first_name')
+
+class Article(models.Model):
+    headline = models.CharField(maxlength=100)
+    authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author, db_table='my_m2m_table')
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.headline
+
+    class Meta:
+        ordering = ('headline',)
+        
 __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
-# Create a Person.
->>> p = Person(first_name='John', last_name='Smith')
->>> p.save()
+# Create a Author.
+>>> a = Author(first_name='John', last_name='Smith')
+>>> a.save()
 
->>> p.id
+>>> a.id
 1
 
->>> Person.objects.all()
-[<Person: John Smith>]
+# Create another author
+>>> a2 = Author(first_name='Peter', last_name='Jones')
+>>> a2.save()
+
+# Create an article
+>>> art = Article(headline='Django lets you build web apps easily')
+>>> art.save()
+>>> art.authors = [a, a2]
 
->>> Person.objects.filter(first_name__exact='John')
-[<Person: John Smith>]
+# Although the table and column names on Author have been set to 
+# custom values, nothing about using the Author model has changed...
 
->>> Person.objects.get(first_name__exact='John')
-<Person: John Smith>
+# Query the available authors
+>>> Author.objects.all()
+[<Author: Peter Jones>, <Author: John Smith>]
 
->>> Person.objects.filter(firstname__exact='John')
+>>> Author.objects.filter(first_name__exact='John')
+[<Author: John Smith>]
+
+>>> Author.objects.get(first_name__exact='John')
+<Author: John Smith>
+
+>>> Author.objects.filter(firstname__exact='John')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
     ...
 TypeError: Cannot resolve keyword 'firstname' into field
 
->>> p = Person.objects.get(last_name__exact='Smith')
->>> p.first_name
+>>> a = Author.objects.get(last_name__exact='Smith')
+>>> a.first_name
 'John'
->>> p.last_name
+>>> a.last_name
 'Smith'
->>> p.firstname
+>>> a.firstname
 Traceback (most recent call last):
     ...
-AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute 'firstname'
->>> p.last
+AttributeError: 'Author' object has no attribute 'firstname'
+>>> a.last
 Traceback (most recent call last):
     ...
-AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute 'last'
+AttributeError: 'Author' object has no attribute 'last'
+
+# Although the Article table uses a custom m2m table, 
+# nothing about using the m2m relationship has changed...
+
+# Get all the authors for an article
+>>> art.authors.all()
+[<Author: Peter Jones>, <Author: John Smith>]
+
+# Get the articles for an author
+>>> a.article_set.all()
+[<Article: Django lets you build web apps easily>]
+
+# Query the authors across the m2m relation
+>>> art.authors.filter(last_name='Jones')
+[<Author: Peter Jones>]
+
 """}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/generic_relations/models.py b/tests/modeltests/generic_relations/models.py
index eb64d7ec3d..2bfb55e618 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/generic_relations/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/generic_relations/models.py
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 
 # Objects with declared GenericRelations can be tagged directly -- the API
 # mimics the many-to-many API.
->>> lion.tags.create(tag="yellow")
-<TaggedItem: yellow>
->>> lion.tags.create(tag="hairy")
-<TaggedItem: hairy>
 >>> bacon.tags.create(tag="fatty")
 <TaggedItem: fatty>
 >>> bacon.tags.create(tag="salty")
 <TaggedItem: salty>
+>>> lion.tags.create(tag="yellow")
+<TaggedItem: yellow>
+>>> lion.tags.create(tag="hairy")
+<TaggedItem: hairy>
 
 >>> lion.tags.all()
 [<TaggedItem: hairy>, <TaggedItem: yellow>]
@@ -105,4 +105,30 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 [<TaggedItem: shiny>]
 >>> TaggedItem.objects.filter(content_type__pk=ctype.id, object_id=quartz.id)
 [<TaggedItem: clearish>]
+
+# If you delete an object with an explicit Generic relation, the related
+# objects are deleted when the source object is deleted.
+# Original list of tags:
+>>> [(t.tag, t.content_type, t.object_id) for t in TaggedItem.objects.all()]
+[('clearish', <ContentType: mineral>, 1), ('fatty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('hairy', <ContentType: animal>, 1), ('salty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('shiny', <ContentType: animal>, 2), ('yellow', <ContentType: animal>, 1)]
+
+>>> lion.delete()
+>>> [(t.tag, t.content_type, t.object_id) for t in TaggedItem.objects.all()]
+[('clearish', <ContentType: mineral>, 1), ('fatty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('salty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('shiny', <ContentType: animal>, 2)]
+
+# If Generic Relation is not explicitly defined, any related objects 
+# remain after deletion of the source object.
+>>> quartz.delete()
+>>> [(t.tag, t.content_type, t.object_id) for t in TaggedItem.objects.all()]
+[('clearish', <ContentType: mineral>, 1), ('fatty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('salty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('shiny', <ContentType: animal>, 2)]
+
+# If you delete a tag, the objects using the tag are unaffected 
+# (other than losing a tag)
+>>> tag = TaggedItem.objects.get(id=1)
+>>> tag.delete()
+>>> bacon.tags.all()
+[<TaggedItem: salty>]
+>>> [(t.tag, t.content_type, t.object_id) for t in TaggedItem.objects.all()]
+[('clearish', <ContentType: mineral>, 1), ('salty', <ContentType: vegetable>, 2), ('shiny', <ContentType: animal>, 2)]
+
 """}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/__init__.py b/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/models.py b/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79bcc6f52c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/get_object_or_404/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+"""
+34. DB-API Shortcuts
+
+get_object_or_404 is a shortcut function to be used in view functions for
+performing a get() lookup and raising a Http404 exception if a DoesNotExist
+exception was rasied during the get() call.
+
+get_list_or_404 is a shortcut function to be used in view functions for
+performing a filter() lookup and raising a Http404 exception if a DoesNotExist
+exception was rasied during the filter() call.
+"""
+
+from django.db import models
+from django.http import Http404
+from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, get_list_or_404
+
+class Author(models.Model):
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=50)
+    
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name
+
+class ArticleManager(models.Manager):
+    def get_query_set(self):
+        return super(ArticleManager, self).get_query_set().filter(authors__name__icontains='sir')
+
+class Article(models.Model):
+    authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author)
+    title = models.CharField(maxlength=50)
+    objects = models.Manager()
+    by_a_sir = ArticleManager()
+    
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.title
+
+__test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
+# Create some Authors.
+>>> a = Author.objects.create(name="Brave Sir Robin")
+>>> a.save()
+>>> a2 = Author.objects.create(name="Patsy")
+>>> a2.save()
+
+# No Articles yet, so we should get a Http404 error.
+>>> get_object_or_404(Article, title="Foo")
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+Http404
+
+# Create an Article.
+>>> article = Article.objects.create(title="Run away!")
+>>> article.authors = [a, a2]
+>>> article.save()
+
+# get_object_or_404 can be passed a Model to query.
+>>> get_object_or_404(Article, title__contains="Run")
+<Article: Run away!>
+
+# We can also use the the Article manager through an Author object.
+>>> get_object_or_404(a.article_set, title__contains="Run")
+<Article: Run away!>
+
+# No articles containing "Camelot".  This should raise a Http404 error.
+>>> get_object_or_404(a.article_set, title__contains="Camelot")
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+Http404
+
+# Custom managers can be used too.
+>>> get_object_or_404(Article.by_a_sir, title="Run away!")
+<Article: Run away!>
+
+# get_list_or_404 can be used to get lists of objects
+>>> get_list_or_404(a.article_set, title__icontains='Run')
+[<Article: Run away!>]
+
+# Http404 is returned if the list is empty
+>>> get_list_or_404(a.article_set, title__icontains='Shrubbery')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+Http404
+
+# Custom managers can be used too.
+>>> get_list_or_404(Article.by_a_sir, title__icontains="Run")
+[<Article: Run away!>]
+
+"""}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/lookup/models.py b/tests/modeltests/lookup/models.py
index 09c3aa7aa8..aa903d1a64 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/lookup/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/lookup/models.py
@@ -191,4 +191,19 @@ DoesNotExist: Article matching query does not exist.
 >>> Article.objects.filter(headline__contains='\\')
 [<Article: Article with \ backslash>]
 
+# none() returns an EmptyQuerySet that behaves like any other QuerySet object
+>>> Article.objects.none()
+[]
+>>> Article.objects.none().filter(headline__startswith='Article')
+[]
+>>> Article.objects.none().count()
+0
+
+# using __in with an empty list should return an empty query set
+>>> Article.objects.filter(id__in=[])
+[]
+
+>>> Article.objects.exclude(id__in=[])
+[<Article: Article with \ backslash>, <Article: Article% with percent sign>, <Article: Article_ with underscore>, <Article: Article 5>, <Article: Article 6>, <Article: Article 4>, <Article: Article 2>, <Article: Article 3>, <Article: Article 7>, <Article: Article 1>]
+
 """}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/many_to_many/models.py b/tests/modeltests/many_to_many/models.py
index 357f3ca629..5e46ad428d 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/many_to_many/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/many_to_many/models.py
@@ -203,7 +203,19 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 >>> p2.article_set.all()
 [<Article: Oxygen-free diet works wonders>]
 
-# Recreate the article and Publication we just deleted.
+# Relation sets can also be set using primary key values
+>>> p2.article_set = [a4.id, a5.id]
+>>> p2.article_set.all()
+[<Article: NASA finds intelligent life on Earth>, <Article: Oxygen-free diet works wonders>]
+>>> a4.publications.all()
+[<Publication: Science News>]
+>>> a4.publications = [p3.id]
+>>> p2.article_set.all()
+[<Article: Oxygen-free diet works wonders>]
+>>> a4.publications.all()
+[<Publication: Science Weekly>]
+
+# Recreate the article and Publication we have deleted.
 >>> p1 = Publication(id=None, title='The Python Journal')
 >>> p1.save()
 >>> a2 = Article(id=None, headline='NASA uses Python')
@@ -231,4 +243,16 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 >>> p1.article_set.all()
 [<Article: NASA uses Python>]
 
+# An alternate to calling clear() is to assign the empty set
+>>> p1.article_set = []
+>>> p1.article_set.all()
+[]
+
+>>> a2.publications = [p1, new_publication]
+>>> a2.publications.all()
+[<Publication: Highlights for Children>, <Publication: The Python Journal>]
+>>> a2.publications = []
+>>> a2.publications.all()
+[]
+
 """}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..657d506b33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+"""
+34. Generating HTML forms from models
+
+Django provides shortcuts for creating Form objects from a model class and a
+model instance.
+
+The function django.newforms.form_for_model() takes a model class and returns
+a Form that is tied to the model. This Form works just like any other Form,
+with one additional method: save(). The save() method creates an instance
+of the model and returns that newly created instance. It saves the instance to
+the database if save(commit=True), which is default. If you pass
+commit=False, then you'll get the object without committing the changes to the
+database.
+
+The function django.newforms.form_for_instance() takes a model instance and
+returns a Form that is tied to the instance. This form works just like any
+other Form, with one additional method: save(). The save()
+method updates the model instance. It also takes a commit=True parameter.
+
+The function django.newforms.save_instance() takes a bound form instance and a
+model instance and saves the form's clean_data into the instance. It also takes
+a commit=True parameter.
+"""
+
+from django.db import models
+
+class Category(models.Model):
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=20)
+    url = models.CharField('The URL', maxlength=40)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name
+
+class Writer(models.Model):
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=50, help_text='Use both first and last names.')
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name
+
+class Article(models.Model):
+    headline = models.CharField(maxlength=50)
+    pub_date = models.DateField()
+    writer = models.ForeignKey(Writer)
+    article = models.TextField()
+    categories = models.ManyToManyField(Category, blank=True)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.headline
+
+__test__ = {'API_TESTS': """
+>>> from django.newforms import form_for_model, form_for_instance, save_instance, BaseForm, Form, CharField
+>>> import datetime
+
+>>> Category.objects.all()
+[]
+
+>>> CategoryForm = form_for_model(Category)
+>>> f = CategoryForm()
+>>> print f
+<tr><th><label for="id_name">Name:</label></th><td><input id="id_name" type="text" name="name" maxlength="20" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_url">The URL:</label></th><td><input id="id_url" type="text" name="url" maxlength="40" /></td></tr>
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_name">Name:</label> <input id="id_name" type="text" name="name" maxlength="20" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_url">The URL:</label> <input id="id_url" type="text" name="url" maxlength="40" /></li>
+>>> print f['name']
+<input id="id_name" type="text" name="name" maxlength="20" />
+
+>>> f = CategoryForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>Name: <input type="text" name="name" maxlength="20" /></li>
+<li>The URL: <input type="text" name="url" maxlength="40" /></li>
+
+>>> f = CategoryForm({'name': 'Entertainment', 'url': 'entertainment'})
+>>> f.is_valid()
+True
+>>> f.clean_data
+{'url': u'entertainment', 'name': u'Entertainment'}
+>>> obj = f.save()
+>>> obj
+<Category: Entertainment>
+>>> Category.objects.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>]
+
+>>> f = CategoryForm({'name': "It's a test", 'url': 'test'})
+>>> f.is_valid()
+True
+>>> f.clean_data
+{'url': u'test', 'name': u"It's a test"}
+>>> obj = f.save()
+>>> obj
+<Category: It's a test>
+>>> Category.objects.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>, <Category: It's a test>]
+
+If you call save() with commit=False, then it will return an object that
+hasn't yet been saved to the database. In this case, it's up to you to call
+save() on the resulting model instance.
+>>> f = CategoryForm({'name': 'Third test', 'url': 'third'})
+>>> f.is_valid()
+True
+>>> f.clean_data
+{'url': u'third', 'name': u'Third test'}
+>>> obj = f.save(commit=False)
+>>> obj
+<Category: Third test>
+>>> Category.objects.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>, <Category: It's a test>]
+>>> obj.save()
+>>> Category.objects.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>, <Category: It's a test>, <Category: Third test>]
+
+If you call save() with invalid data, you'll get a ValueError.
+>>> f = CategoryForm({'name': '', 'url': 'foo'})
+>>> f.errors
+{'name': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> f.clean_data
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+AttributeError: 'CategoryForm' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
+>>> f.save()
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValueError: The Category could not be created because the data didn't validate.
+>>> f = CategoryForm({'name': '', 'url': 'foo'})
+>>> f.save()
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValueError: The Category could not be created because the data didn't validate.
+
+Create a couple of Writers.
+>>> w = Writer(name='Mike Royko')
+>>> w.save()
+>>> w = Writer(name='Bob Woodward')
+>>> w.save()
+
+ManyToManyFields are represented by a MultipleChoiceField, and ForeignKeys are
+represented by a ChoiceField.
+>>> ArticleForm = form_for_model(Article)
+>>> f = ArticleForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f
+<tr><th>Headline:</th><td><input type="text" name="headline" maxlength="50" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Pub date:</th><td><input type="text" name="pub_date" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Writer:</th><td><select name="writer">
+<option value="" selected="selected">---------</option>
+<option value="1">Mike Royko</option>
+<option value="2">Bob Woodward</option>
+</select></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Article:</th><td><textarea name="article"></textarea></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Categories:</th><td><select multiple="multiple" name="categories">
+<option value="1">Entertainment</option>
+<option value="2">It&#39;s a test</option>
+<option value="3">Third test</option>
+</select><br /> Hold down "Control", or "Command" on a Mac, to select more than one.</td></tr>
+
+You can pass a custom Form class to form_for_model. Make sure it's a
+subclass of BaseForm, not Form.
+>>> class CustomForm(BaseForm):
+...     def say_hello(self):
+...         print 'hello'
+>>> CategoryForm = form_for_model(Category, form=CustomForm)
+>>> f = CategoryForm()
+>>> f.say_hello()
+hello
+
+Use form_for_instance to create a Form from a model instance. The difference
+between this Form and one created via form_for_model is that the object's
+current values are inserted as 'initial' data in each Field.
+>>> w = Writer.objects.get(name='Mike Royko')
+>>> RoykoForm = form_for_instance(w)
+>>> f = RoykoForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f
+<tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" value="Mike Royko" maxlength="50" /><br />Use both first and last names.</td></tr>
+
+>>> art = Article(headline='Test article', pub_date=datetime.date(1988, 1, 4), writer=w, article='Hello.')
+>>> art.save()
+>>> art.id
+1
+>>> TestArticleForm = form_for_instance(art)
+>>> f = TestArticleForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>Headline: <input type="text" name="headline" value="Test article" maxlength="50" /></li>
+<li>Pub date: <input type="text" name="pub_date" value="1988-01-04" /></li>
+<li>Writer: <select name="writer">
+<option value="">---------</option>
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Mike Royko</option>
+<option value="2">Bob Woodward</option>
+</select></li>
+<li>Article: <textarea name="article">Hello.</textarea></li>
+<li>Categories: <select multiple="multiple" name="categories">
+<option value="1">Entertainment</option>
+<option value="2">It&#39;s a test</option>
+<option value="3">Third test</option>
+</select>  Hold down "Control", or "Command" on a Mac, to select more than one.</li>
+>>> f = TestArticleForm({'headline': u'New headline', 'pub_date': u'1988-01-04', 'writer': u'1', 'article': 'Hello.'})
+>>> f.is_valid()
+True
+>>> new_art = f.save()
+>>> new_art.id
+1
+>>> new_art = Article.objects.get(id=1)
+>>> new_art.headline
+'New headline'
+
+Add some categories and test the many-to-many form output.
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[]
+>>> new_art.categories.add(Category.objects.get(name='Entertainment'))
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>]
+>>> TestArticleForm = form_for_instance(new_art)
+>>> f = TestArticleForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>Headline: <input type="text" name="headline" value="New headline" maxlength="50" /></li>
+<li>Pub date: <input type="text" name="pub_date" value="1988-01-04" /></li>
+<li>Writer: <select name="writer">
+<option value="">---------</option>
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Mike Royko</option>
+<option value="2">Bob Woodward</option>
+</select></li>
+<li>Article: <textarea name="article">Hello.</textarea></li>
+<li>Categories: <select multiple="multiple" name="categories">
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Entertainment</option>
+<option value="2">It&#39;s a test</option>
+<option value="3">Third test</option>
+</select>  Hold down "Control", or "Command" on a Mac, to select more than one.</li>
+
+>>> f = TestArticleForm({'headline': u'New headline', 'pub_date': u'1988-01-04',
+...     'writer': u'1', 'article': u'Hello.', 'categories': [u'1', u'2']})
+>>> new_art = f.save()
+>>> new_art.id
+1
+>>> new_art = Article.objects.get(id=1)
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>, <Category: It's a test>]
+
+Now, submit form data with no categories. This deletes the existing categories.
+>>> f = TestArticleForm({'headline': u'New headline', 'pub_date': u'1988-01-04',
+...     'writer': u'1', 'article': u'Hello.'})
+>>> new_art = f.save()
+>>> new_art.id
+1
+>>> new_art = Article.objects.get(id=1)
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[]
+
+Create a new article, with categories, via the form.
+>>> ArticleForm = form_for_model(Article)
+>>> f = ArticleForm({'headline': u'The walrus was Paul', 'pub_date': u'1967-11-01',
+...     'writer': u'1', 'article': u'Test.', 'categories': [u'1', u'2']})
+>>> new_art = f.save()
+>>> new_art.id
+2
+>>> new_art = Article.objects.get(id=2)
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[<Category: Entertainment>, <Category: It's a test>]
+
+Create a new article, with no categories, via the form.
+>>> ArticleForm = form_for_model(Article)
+>>> f = ArticleForm({'headline': u'The walrus was Paul', 'pub_date': u'1967-11-01',
+...     'writer': u'1', 'article': u'Test.'})
+>>> new_art = f.save()
+>>> new_art.id
+3
+>>> new_art = Article.objects.get(id=3)
+>>> new_art.categories.all()
+[]
+
+Here, we define a custom Form. Because it happens to have the same fields as
+the Category model, we can use save_instance() to apply its changes to an
+existing Category instance.
+>>> class ShortCategory(Form):
+...     name = CharField(max_length=5)
+...     url = CharField(max_length=3)
+>>> cat = Category.objects.get(name='Third test')
+>>> cat
+<Category: Third test>
+>>> cat.id
+3
+>>> sc = ShortCategory({'name': 'Third', 'url': '3rd'})
+>>> save_instance(sc, cat)
+<Category: Third>
+>>> Category.objects.get(id=3)
+<Category: Third>
+"""}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/or_lookups/models.py b/tests/modeltests/or_lookups/models.py
index 2de18edc1f..9f926a7373 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/or_lookups/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/or_lookups/models.py
@@ -69,6 +69,21 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 >>> Article.objects.filter(Q(pk=1) | Q(pk=2) | Q(pk=3))
 [<Article: Hello>, <Article: Goodbye>, <Article: Hello and goodbye>]
 
+# You could also use "in" to accomplish the same as above.
+>>> Article.objects.filter(pk__in=[1,2,3])
+[<Article: Hello>, <Article: Goodbye>, <Article: Hello and goodbye>]
+
+>>> Article.objects.filter(pk__in=[1,2,3,4])
+[<Article: Hello>, <Article: Goodbye>, <Article: Hello and goodbye>]
+
+# Passing "in" an empty list returns no results ...
+>>> Article.objects.filter(pk__in=[])
+[]
+
+# ... but can return results if we OR it with another query.
+>>> Article.objects.filter(Q(pk__in=[]) | Q(headline__icontains='goodbye'))
+[<Article: Goodbye>, <Article: Hello and goodbye>]
+
 # Q arg objects are ANDed
 >>> Article.objects.filter(Q(headline__startswith='Hello'), Q(headline__contains='bye'))
 [<Article: Hello and goodbye>]
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/serializers/models.py b/tests/modeltests/serializers/models.py
index d1d10b43c0..e24ff537c1 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/serializers/models.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/serializers/models.py
@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ class Article(models.Model):
     def __str__(self):
         return self.headline
 
+class AuthorProfile(models.Model):
+    author = models.OneToOneField(Author)
+    date_of_birth = models.DateField()
+    
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "Profile of %s" % self.author
+
 __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 # Create some data:
 >>> from datetime import datetime
@@ -118,4 +125,18 @@ __test__ = {'API_TESTS':"""
 >>> Article.objects.all()
 [<Article: Just kidding; I love TV poker>, <Article: Time to reform copyright>]
 
+# If you use your own primary key field (such as a OneToOneField), 
+# it doesn't appear in the serialized field list - it replaces the
+# pk identifier.
+>>> profile = AuthorProfile(author=joe, date_of_birth=datetime(1970,1,1))
+>>> profile.save()
+
+>>> json = serializers.serialize("json", AuthorProfile.objects.all())
+>>> json
+'[{"pk": "1", "model": "serializers.authorprofile", "fields": {"date_of_birth": "1970-01-01"}}]'
+
+>>> for obj in serializers.deserialize("json", json):
+...     print obj
+<DeserializedObject: Profile of Joe>
+
 """}
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/test_client/views.py b/tests/modeltests/test_client/views.py
index bf131032eb..7acfc2db60 100644
--- a/tests/modeltests/test_client/views.py
+++ b/tests/modeltests/test_client/views.py
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ def redirect_view(request):
     "A view that redirects all requests to the GET view"
     return HttpResponseRedirect('/test_client/get_view/')
     
-@login_required
 def login_protected_view(request):
     "A simple view that is login protected."
     t = Template('This is a login protected test. Username is {{ user.username }}.', name='Login Template')
     c = Context({'user': request.user})
     
     return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
+login_protected_view = login_required(login_protected_view)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/defaultfilters/tests.py b/tests/regressiontests/defaultfilters/tests.py
index 32d6ef5202..439a40c31b 100644
--- a/tests/regressiontests/defaultfilters/tests.py
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/defaultfilters/tests.py
@@ -11,6 +11,26 @@ r"""
 '0.0'
 >>> floatformat(0.0)
 '0'
+>>> floatformat(7.7,3)
+'7.700'
+>>> floatformat(6.000000,3)
+'6.000'
+>>> floatformat(13.1031,-3)
+'13.103'
+>>> floatformat(11.1197, -2)
+'11.12'
+>>> floatformat(11.0000, -2)
+'11'
+>>> floatformat(11.000001, -2)
+'11.00'
+>>> floatformat(8.2798, 3)
+'8.280'
+>>> floatformat('foo')
+''
+>>> floatformat(13.1031, 'bar')
+'13.1031'
+>>> floatformat('foo', 'bar')
+''
 
 >>> addslashes('"double quotes" and \'single quotes\'')
 '\\"double quotes\\" and \\\'single quotes\\\''
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py b/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
index 779db97528..20a1937f56 100644
--- a/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
@@ -106,6 +106,46 @@ u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u
 >>> w.render('email', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
 u'<input type="hidden" class="special" name="email" />'
 
+# MultipleHiddenInput Widget ##################################################
+
+>>> w = MultipleHiddenInput()
+>>> w.render('email', [])
+u''
+>>> w.render('email', None)
+u''
+>>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com'])
+u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" />'
+>>> w.render('email', ['some "quoted" & ampersanded value'])
+u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value" />'
+>>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com', 'foo@example.com'])
+u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" />\n<input type="hidden" name="email" value="foo@example.com" />'
+>>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
+u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />'
+>>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com', 'foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
+u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />\n<input type="hidden" name="email" value="foo@example.com" class="fun" />'
+
+You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
+>>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'})
+>>> w.render('email', [])
+u''
+>>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'])
+u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
+>>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com', 'test@example.com'])
+u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />\n<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="test@example.com" name="email" />'
+
+'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
+>>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
+>>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'special'})
+u'<input type="hidden" class="special" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
+
+>>> w.render('email', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
+u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" name="email" />'
+
+'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
+>>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
+>>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'special'})
+u'<input type="hidden" class="special" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
+
 # FileInput Widget ############################################################
 
 >>> w = FileInput()
@@ -296,6 +336,60 @@ If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both b
 >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
 u'<select name="email">\n<option value="1">1</option>\n<option value="2">2</option>\n<option value="3">3</option>\n<option value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" selected="selected">\u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n<option value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111">abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n</select>'
 
+If choices is passed to the constructor and is a generator, it can be iterated
+over multiple times without getting consumed:
+>>> w = Select(choices=get_choices())
+>>> print w.render('num', 2)
+<select name="num">
+<option value="0">0</option>
+<option value="1">1</option>
+<option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
+<option value="3">3</option>
+<option value="4">4</option>
+</select>
+>>> print w.render('num', 3)
+<select name="num">
+<option value="0">0</option>
+<option value="1">1</option>
+<option value="2">2</option>
+<option value="3" selected="selected">3</option>
+<option value="4">4</option>
+</select>
+
+# NullBooleanSelect Widget ####################################################
+
+>>> w = NullBooleanSelect()
+>>> print w.render('is_cool', True)
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> print w.render('is_cool', False)
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> print w.render('is_cool', None)
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> print w.render('is_cool', '2')
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> print w.render('is_cool', '3')
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
+</select>
+
 # SelectMultiple Widget #######################################################
 
 >>> w = SelectMultiple()
@@ -514,6 +608,29 @@ beatle J P Paul False
 beatle J G George False
 beatle J R Ringo False
 
+A RadioFieldRenderer object also allows index access to individual RadioInput
+objects.
+>>> w = RadioSelect()
+>>> r = w.render('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+>>> print r[1]
+<label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label>
+>>> print r[0]
+<label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label>
+>>> r[0].is_checked()
+True
+>>> r[1].is_checked()
+False
+>>> r[1].name, r[1].value, r[1].choice_value, r[1].choice_label
+('beatle', u'J', u'P', u'Paul')
+>>> r[10]
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+IndexError: list index out of range
+
+>>> w = RadioSelect()
+>>> unicode(w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')]))
+u'<ul>\n<li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="email" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> \u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="radio" name="email" value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n</ul>'
+
 # CheckboxSelectMultiple Widget ###############################################
 
 >>> w = CheckboxSelectMultiple()
@@ -621,6 +738,39 @@ If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both b
 >>> w.render('nums', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
 u'<ul>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>\n<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> \u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n</ul>'
 
+# MultiWidget #################################################################
+
+>>> class MyMultiWidget(MultiWidget):
+...     def decompress(self, value):
+...         if value:
+...             return value.split('__')
+...         return ['', '']
+...     def format_output(self, rendered_widgets):
+...         return u'<br />'.join(rendered_widgets)
+>>> w = MyMultiWidget(widgets=(TextInput(attrs={'class': 'big'}), TextInput(attrs={'class': 'small'})))
+>>> w.render('name', ['john', 'lennon'])
+u'<input type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
+>>> w.render('name', 'john__lennon')
+u'<input type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
+
+# SplitDateTimeWidget #########################################################
+
+>>> w = SplitDateTimeWidget()
+>>> w.render('date', '')
+u'<input type="text" name="date_0" /><input type="text" name="date_1" />'
+>>> w.render('date', None)
+u'<input type="text" name="date_0" /><input type="text" name="date_1" />'
+>>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30))
+u'<input type="text" name="date_0" value="2006-01-10" /><input type="text" name="date_1" value="07:30:00" />'
+>>> w.render('date', [datetime.date(2006, 1, 10), datetime.time(7, 30)])
+u'<input type="text" name="date_0" value="2006-01-10" /><input type="text" name="date_1" value="07:30:00" />'
+
+You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor. In this case, the attrs will be
+included on both widgets.
+>>> w = SplitDateTimeWidget(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
+>>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30))
+u'<input type="text" class="pretty" value="2006-01-10" name="date_0" /><input type="text" class="pretty" value="07:30:00" name="date_1" />'
+
 ##########
 # Fields #
 ##########
@@ -636,6 +786,11 @@ Each Field's __init__() takes at least these parameters:
               used for this Field when displaying it. Each Field has a default
               Widget that it'll use if you don't specify this. In most cases,
               the default widget is TextInput.
+    label -- A verbose name for this field, for use in displaying this field in
+             a form. By default, Django will use a "pretty" version of the form
+             field name, if the Field is part of a Form.
+    initial -- A value to use in this Field's initial display. This value is
+               *not* used as a fallback if data isn't given.
 
 Other than that, the Field subclasses have class-specific options for
 __init__(). For example, CharField has a max_length option.
@@ -684,9 +839,21 @@ ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.']
 CharField accepts an optional min_length parameter:
 >>> f = CharField(min_length=10, required=False)
 >>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean('12345')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 10 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('1234567890')
+u'1234567890'
+>>> f.clean('1234567890a')
+u'1234567890a'
+
+>>> f = CharField(min_length=10, required=True)
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
 >>> f.clean('12345')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
@@ -730,9 +897,11 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
 
 >>> f = IntegerField(required=False)
 >>> f.clean('')
-u''
+>>> repr(f.clean(''))
+'None'
 >>> f.clean(None)
-u''
+>>> repr(f.clean(None))
+'None'
 >>> f.clean('1')
 1
 >>> isinstance(f.clean('1'), int)
@@ -754,6 +923,71 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
 
+IntegerField accepts an optional max_value parameter:
+>>> f = IntegerField(max_value=10)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(1)
+1
+>>> f.clean(10)
+10
+>>> f.clean(11)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value is less than or equal to 10.']
+>>> f.clean('10')
+10
+>>> f.clean('11')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value is less than or equal to 10.']
+
+IntegerField accepts an optional min_value parameter:
+>>> f = IntegerField(min_value=10)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(1)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value is greater than or equal to 10.']
+>>> f.clean(10)
+10
+>>> f.clean(11)
+11
+>>> f.clean('10')
+10
+>>> f.clean('11')
+11
+
+min_value and max_value can be used together:
+>>> f = IntegerField(min_value=10, max_value=20)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(1)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value is greater than or equal to 10.']
+>>> f.clean(10)
+10
+>>> f.clean(11)
+11
+>>> f.clean('10')
+10
+>>> f.clean('11')
+11
+>>> f.clean(20)
+20
+>>> f.clean(21)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value is less than or equal to 20.']
+
 # DateField ###################################################################
 
 >>> import datetime
@@ -831,6 +1065,45 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
 
+# TimeField ###################################################################
+
+>>> import datetime
+>>> f = TimeField()
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25))
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25, 59))
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('14:25')
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean('14:25:59')
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean('1:24 p.m.')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+
+TimeField accepts an optional input_formats parameter:
+>>> f = TimeField(input_formats=['%I:%M %p'])
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25))
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25, 59))
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('4:25 AM')
+datetime.time(4, 25)
+>>> f.clean('4:25 PM')
+datetime.time(16, 25)
+
+The input_formats parameter overrides all default input formats,
+so the default formats won't work unless you specify them:
+>>> f.clean('14:30:45')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+
 # DateTimeField ###############################################################
 
 >>> import datetime
@@ -960,7 +1233,7 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
 
 RegexField takes an optional error_message argument:
->>> f = RegexField('^\d\d\d\d$', 'Enter a four-digit number.')
+>>> f = RegexField('^\d\d\d\d$', error_message='Enter a four-digit number.')
 >>> f.clean('1234')
 u'1234'
 >>> f.clean('123')
@@ -972,6 +1245,29 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a four-digit number.']
 
+RegexField also access min_length and max_length parameters, for convenience.
+>>> f = RegexField('^\d+$', min_length=5, max_length=10)
+>>> f.clean('123')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 5 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('abc')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 5 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('12345')
+u'12345'
+>>> f.clean('1234567890')
+u'1234567890'
+>>> f.clean('12345678901')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('12345a')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
+
 # EmailField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = EmailField()
@@ -1018,6 +1314,19 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
 
+EmailField also access min_length and max_length parameters, for convenience.
+>>> f = EmailField(min_length=10, max_length=15)
+>>> f.clean('a@foo.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 10 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('alf@foo.com')
+u'alf@foo.com'
+>>> f.clean('alf123456788@foo.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 15 characters.']
+
 # URLField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = URLField()
@@ -1109,6 +1418,24 @@ ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
+>>> f = URLField(verify_exists=True, required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean('http://www.google.com') # This will fail if there's no Internet connection
+u'http://www.google.com'
+
+EmailField also access min_length and max_length parameters, for convenience.
+>>> f = URLField(min_length=15, max_length=20)
+>>> f.clean('http://f.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at least 15 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('http://example.com')
+u'http://example.com'
+>>> f.clean('http://abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 20 characters.']
 
 # BooleanField ################################################################
 
@@ -1190,6 +1517,20 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. John is not one of the available choices.']
 
+# NullBooleanField ############################################################
+
+>>> f = NullBooleanField()
+>>> f.clean('')
+>>> f.clean(True)
+True
+>>> f.clean(False)
+False
+>>> f.clean(None)
+>>> f.clean('1')
+>>> f.clean('2')
+>>> f.clean('3')
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+
 # MultipleChoiceField #########################################################
 
 >>> f = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')])
@@ -1296,6 +1637,58 @@ u''
 >>> f.clean(None)
 u''
 
+# SplitDateTimeField ##########################################################
+
+>>> f = SplitDateTimeField()
+>>> f.clean([datetime.date(2006, 1, 10), datetime.time(7, 30)])
+datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a list of values.']
+>>> f.clean(['hello', 'there'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.', u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean(['2006-01-10', 'there'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean(['hello', '07:30'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
+
+>>> f = SplitDateTimeField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean([datetime.date(2006, 1, 10), datetime.time(7, 30)])
+datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+>>> f.clean('')
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a list of values.']
+>>> f.clean(['hello', 'there'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.', u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean(['2006-01-10', 'there'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean(['hello', '07:30'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
+
 #########
 # Forms #
 #########
@@ -1313,6 +1706,8 @@ You can pass it data in __init__(), as a dictionary.
 
 Pass a dictionary to a Form's __init__().
 >>> p = Person({'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': u'1940-10-9'})
+>>> p.is_bound
+True
 >>> p.errors
 {}
 >>> p.is_valid()
@@ -1324,91 +1719,102 @@ u''
 >>> p.clean_data
 {'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
 >>> print p['first_name']
-<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" />
 >>> print p['last_name']
-<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" />
 >>> print p['birthday']
-<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" />
+>>> print p['nonexistentfield']
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+KeyError: "Key 'nonexistentfield' not found in Form"
+
 >>> for boundfield in p:
 ...     print boundfield
-<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
-<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" />
-<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" />
 >>> for boundfield in p:
-...     print boundfield.verbose_name, boundfield.data
+...     print boundfield.label, boundfield.data
 First name John
 Last name Lennon
 Birthday 1940-10-9
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
 
 Empty dictionaries are valid, too.
 >>> p = Person({})
+>>> p.is_bound
+True
 >>> p.errors
 {'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
 >>> p.is_valid()
 False
+>>> p.clean_data
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
 >>> print p
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_table()
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
-<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
-<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
 >>> print p.as_p()
 <p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
-<p>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
 <p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
-<p>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
 <p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
-<p>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></p>
 
 If you don't pass any values to the Form's __init__(), or if you pass None,
-the Form won't do any validation. Form.errors will be an empty dictionary *but*
-Form.is_valid() will return False.
+the Form will be considered unbound and won't do any validation. Form.errors
+will be an empty dictionary *but* Form.is_valid() will return False.
 >>> p = Person()
+>>> p.is_bound
+False
 >>> p.errors
 {}
 >>> p.is_valid()
 False
+>>> p.clean_data
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_table()
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
-<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
-<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
 >>> print p.as_p()
-<p>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></p>
-<p>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></p>
-<p>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></p>
 
 Unicode values are handled properly.
 >>> p = Person({'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111', 'birthday': '1940-10-9'})
 >>> p.as_table()
-u'<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>\n<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /></td></tr>\n<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></td></tr>'
+u'<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>'
 >>> p.as_ul()
-u'<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></li>\n<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /></li>\n<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></li>'
+u'<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></li>'
 >>> p.as_p()
-u'<p>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></p>\n<p>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /></p>\n<p>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></p>'
+u'<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></p>'
 
 >>> p = Person({'last_name': u'Lennon'})
 >>> p.errors
@@ -1423,8 +1829,9 @@ u'<ul class="errorlist"><li>first_name<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is re
 * birthday
   * This field is required.
 >>> p.clean_data
->>> repr(p.clean_data)
-'None'
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute 'clean_data'
 >>> p['first_name'].errors
 [u'This field is required.']
 >>> p['first_name'].errors.as_ul()
@@ -1434,29 +1841,40 @@ u'* This field is required.'
 
 >>> p = Person()
 >>> print p['first_name']
-<input type="text" name="first_name" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" />
 >>> print p['last_name']
-<input type="text" name="last_name" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" />
 >>> print p['birthday']
-<input type="text" name="birthday" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" />
+
+clean_data will always *only* contain a key for fields defined in the
+Form, even if you pass extra data when you define the Form. In this
+example, we pass a bunch of extra fields to the form constructor,
+but clean_data contains only the form's fields.
+>>> data = {'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': u'1940-10-9', 'extra1': 'hello', 'extra2': 'hello'}
+>>> p = Person(data)
+>>> p.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
 
 "auto_id" tells the Form to add an "id" attribute to each form element.
 If it's a string that contains '%s', Django will use that as a format string
 into which the field's name will be inserted. It will also put a <label> around
 the human-readable labels for a field.
->>> p = Person(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> p = Person(auto_id='%s_id')
 >>> print p.as_table()
-<tr><td><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
-<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
-<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
+<li><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></li>
+<li><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></li>
+<li><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></li>
 >>> print p.as_p()
-<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
-<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
-<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></p>
+<p><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></p>
+<p><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></p>
+<p><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></p>
 
 If auto_id is any True value whose str() does not contain '%s', the "id"
 attribute will be the name of the field.
@@ -1497,13 +1915,13 @@ attribute in the Form gets precedence.
 >>> class SignupForm(Form):
 ...     email = EmailField()
 ...     get_spam = BooleanField()
->>> f = SignupForm()
+>>> f = SignupForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['email']
 <input type="text" name="email" />
 >>> print f['get_spam']
 <input type="checkbox" name="get_spam" />
 
->>> f = SignupForm({'email': 'test@example.com', 'get_spam': True})
+>>> f = SignupForm({'email': 'test@example.com', 'get_spam': True}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['email']
 <input type="text" name="email" value="test@example.com" />
 >>> print f['get_spam']
@@ -1513,7 +1931,7 @@ Any Field can have a Widget class passed to its constructor:
 >>> class ContactForm(Form):
 ...     subject = CharField()
 ...     message = CharField(widget=Textarea)
->>> f = ContactForm()
+>>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['subject']
 <input type="text" name="subject" />
 >>> print f['message']
@@ -1532,7 +1950,7 @@ The 'widget' parameter to a Field can also be an instance:
 >>> class ContactForm(Form):
 ...     subject = CharField()
 ...     message = CharField(widget=Textarea(attrs={'rows': 80, 'cols': 20}))
->>> f = ContactForm()
+>>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['message']
 <textarea rows="80" cols="20" name="message"></textarea>
 
@@ -1540,7 +1958,7 @@ Instance-level attrs are *not* carried over to as_textarea(), as_text() and
 as_hidden():
 >>> f['message'].as_text()
 u'<input type="text" name="message" />'
->>> f = ContactForm({'subject': 'Hello', 'message': 'I love you.'})
+>>> f = ContactForm({'subject': 'Hello', 'message': 'I love you.'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f['subject'].as_textarea()
 u'<textarea name="subject">Hello</textarea>'
 >>> f['message'].as_text()
@@ -1552,32 +1970,83 @@ For a form with a <select>, use ChoiceField:
 >>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')])
->>> f = FrameworkForm()
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['language']
 <select name="language">
 <option value="P">Python</option>
 <option value="J">Java</option>
 </select>
->>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'})
+>>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['language']
 <select name="language">
 <option value="P" selected="selected">Python</option>
 <option value="J">Java</option>
 </select>
 
+You can specify widget attributes in the Widget constructor.
+>>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')], widget=Select(attrs={'class': 'foo'}))
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<select class="foo" name="language">
+<option value="P">Python</option>
+<option value="J">Java</option>
+</select>
+>>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<select class="foo" name="language">
+<option value="P" selected="selected">Python</option>
+<option value="J">Java</option>
+</select>
+
+When passing a custom widget instance to ChoiceField, note that setting
+'choices' on the widget is meaningless. The widget will use the choices
+defined on the Field, not the ones defined on the Widget.
+>>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')], widget=Select(choices=[('R', 'Ruby'), ('P', 'Perl')], attrs={'class': 'foo'}))
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<select class="foo" name="language">
+<option value="P">Python</option>
+<option value="J">Java</option>
+</select>
+>>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<select class="foo" name="language">
+<option value="P" selected="selected">Python</option>
+<option value="J">Java</option>
+</select>
+
+You can set a ChoiceField's choices after the fact.
+>>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     language = ChoiceField()
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<select name="language">
+</select>
+>>> f.fields['language'].choices = [('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')]
+>>> print f['language']
+<select name="language">
+<option value="P">Python</option>
+<option value="J">Java</option>
+</select>
+
 Add widget=RadioSelect to use that widget with a ChoiceField.
 >>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')], widget=RadioSelect)
->>> f = FrameworkForm()
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['language']
 <ul>
 <li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="P" /> Python</label></li>
 <li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="J" /> Java</label></li>
 </ul>
 >>> print f
-<tr><td>Name:</td><td><input type="text" name="name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Language:</td><td><ul>
+<tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Language:</th><td><ul>
 <li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="P" /> Python</label></li>
 <li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="J" /> Java</label></li>
 </ul></td></tr>
@@ -1602,8 +2071,8 @@ When RadioSelect is used with auto_id, and the whole form is printed using
 either as_table() or as_ul(), the label for the RadioSelect will point to the
 ID of the *first* radio button.
 >>> print f
-<tr><td><label for="id_name">Name:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td><label for="id_language_0">Language:</label></td><td><ul>
+<tr><th><label for="id_name">Name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_language_0">Language:</label></th><td><ul>
 <li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_0" value="P" name="language" /> Python</label></li>
 <li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_1" value="J" name="language" /> Java</label></li>
 </ul></td></tr>
@@ -1624,20 +2093,20 @@ MultipleChoiceField is a special case, as its data is required to be a list:
 >>> class SongForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     composers = MultipleChoiceField()
->>> f = SongForm()
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <select multiple="multiple" name="composers">
 </select>
 >>> class SongForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     composers = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John Lennon'), ('P', 'Paul McCartney')])
->>> f = SongForm()
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <select multiple="multiple" name="composers">
 <option value="J">John Lennon</option>
 <option value="P">Paul McCartney</option>
 </select>
->>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['P']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['P']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['name']
 <input type="text" name="name" value="Yesterday" />
 >>> print f['composers']
@@ -1646,45 +2115,94 @@ MultipleChoiceField is a special case, as its data is required to be a list:
 <option value="P" selected="selected">Paul McCartney</option>
 </select>
 
+MultipleChoiceField rendered as_hidden() is a special case. Because it can
+have multiple values, its as_hidden() renders multiple <input type="hidden">
+tags.
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['P']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['composers'].as_hidden()
+<input type="hidden" name="composers" value="P" />
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'From Me To You', 'composers': ['P', 'J']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['composers'].as_hidden()
+<input type="hidden" name="composers" value="P" />
+<input type="hidden" name="composers" value="J" />
+
 MultipleChoiceField can also be used with the CheckboxSelectMultiple widget.
 >>> class SongForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     composers = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John Lennon'), ('P', 'Paul McCartney')], widget=CheckboxSelectMultiple)
->>> f = SongForm()
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <ul>
 <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
 <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
 </ul>
->>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <ul>
 <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
 <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
 </ul>
->>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J', 'P']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J', 'P']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <ul>
 <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
 <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
 </ul>
 
+Regarding auto_id, CheckboxSelectMultiple is a special case. Each checkbox
+gets a distinct ID, formed by appending an underscore plus the checkbox's
+zero-based index.
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id='%s_id')
+>>> print f['composers']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" id="composers_id_0" /> John Lennon</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" id="composers_id_1" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+Data for a MultipleChoiceField should be a list. QueryDict and MultiValueDict
+conveniently work with this.
+>>> data = {'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J', 'P']}
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> from django.http import QueryDict
+>>> data = QueryDict('name=Yesterday&composers=J&composers=P')
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
+>>> data = MultiValueDict(dict(name=['Yesterday'], composers=['J', 'P']))
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+
+The MultipleHiddenInput widget renders multiple values as hidden fields.
+>>> class SongFormHidden(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     composers = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John Lennon'), ('P', 'Paul McCartney')], widget=MultipleHiddenInput)
+>>> f = SongFormHidden(MultiValueDict(dict(name=['Yesterday'], composers=['J', 'P'])), auto_id=False)
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="Yesterday" /><input type="hidden" name="composers" value="J" />
+<input type="hidden" name="composers" value="P" /></li>
+
 When using CheckboxSelectMultiple, the framework expects a list of input and
 returns a list of input.
->>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday'})
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {'composers': [u'This field is required.']}
->>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
 >>> f.clean_data
 {'composers': [u'J'], 'name': u'Yesterday'}
->>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J', 'P']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J', 'P']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
 >>> f.clean_data
 {'composers': [u'J', u'P'], 'name': u'Yesterday'}
 
+# Validating multiple fields in relation to another ###########################
+
 There are a couple of ways to do multiple-field validation. If you want the
 validation message to be associated with a particular field, implement the
 clean_XXX() method on the Form, where XXX is the field name. As in
@@ -1700,16 +2218,16 @@ including the current field (e.g., the field XXX if you're in clean_XXX()).
 ...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
 ...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
 ...        return self.clean_data['password2']
->>> f = UserRegistration()
+>>> f = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
->>> f = UserRegistration({})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {'password2': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
 >>> f.clean_data
@@ -1730,52 +2248,91 @@ Form.clean() is required to return a dictionary of all clean data.
 ...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
 ...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
 ...        return self.clean_data
->>> f = UserRegistration()
+>>> f = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
->>> f = UserRegistration({})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f.as_table()
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
 >>> f.errors
 {'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {'__all__': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
 >>> print f.as_table()
 <tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
 >>> print f.as_ul()
 <li><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></li>
-<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></li>
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" maxlength="10" /></li>
 <li>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></li>
 <li>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></li>
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f.errors
 {}
 >>> f.clean_data
 {'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'foo', 'password2': u'foo'}
 
+# Dynamic construction ########################################################
+
 It's possible to construct a Form dynamically by adding to the self.fields
 dictionary in __init__(). Don't forget to call Form.__init__() within the
 subclass' __init__().
 >>> class Person(Form):
 ...     first_name = CharField()
 ...     last_name = CharField()
-...     def __init__(self):
-...         super(Person, self).__init__()
+...     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+...         super(Person, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 ...         self.fields['birthday'] = DateField()
->>> p = Person()
+>>> p = Person(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+
+Instances of a dynamic Form do not persist fields from one Form instance to
+the next.
+>>> class MyForm(Form):
+...     def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id=False, field_list=[]):
+...         Form.__init__(self, data, auto_id)
+...         for field in field_list:
+...             self.fields[field[0]] = field[1]
+>>> field_list = [('field1', CharField()), ('field2', CharField())]
+>>> my_form = MyForm(field_list=field_list)
+>>> print my_form
+<tr><th>Field1:</th><td><input type="text" name="field1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field2:</th><td><input type="text" name="field2" /></td></tr>
+>>> field_list = [('field3', CharField()), ('field4', CharField())]
+>>> my_form = MyForm(field_list=field_list)
+>>> print my_form
+<tr><th>Field3:</th><td><input type="text" name="field3" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field4:</th><td><input type="text" name="field4" /></td></tr>
+
+>>> class MyForm(Form):
+...     default_field_1 = CharField()
+...     default_field_2 = CharField()
+...     def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id=False, field_list=[]):
+...         Form.__init__(self, data, auto_id)
+...         for field in field_list:
+...             self.fields[field[0]] = field[1]
+>>> field_list = [('field1', CharField()), ('field2', CharField())]
+>>> my_form = MyForm(field_list=field_list)
+>>> print my_form
+<tr><th>Default field 1:</th><td><input type="text" name="default_field_1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Default field 2:</th><td><input type="text" name="default_field_2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field1:</th><td><input type="text" name="field1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field2:</th><td><input type="text" name="field2" /></td></tr>
+>>> field_list = [('field3', CharField()), ('field4', CharField())]
+>>> my_form = MyForm(field_list=field_list)
+>>> print my_form
+<tr><th>Default field 1:</th><td><input type="text" name="default_field_1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Default field 2:</th><td><input type="text" name="default_field_2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field3:</th><td><input type="text" name="field3" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field4:</th><td><input type="text" name="field4" /></td></tr>
 
 HiddenInput widgets are displayed differently in the as_table(), as_ul()
 and as_p() output of a Form -- their verbose names are not displayed, and a
@@ -1786,11 +2343,11 @@ form, directly after that row's form element.
 ...     last_name = CharField()
 ...     hidden_text = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
 ...     birthday = DateField()
->>> p = Person()
+>>> p = Person(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
 <li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
 <li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
@@ -1803,9 +2360,9 @@ form, directly after that row's form element.
 With auto_id set, a HiddenInput still gets an ID, but it doesn't get a label.
 >>> p = Person(auto_id='id_%s')
 >>> print p
-<tr><td><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" id="id_hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" id="id_hidden_text" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
 <li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
 <li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
@@ -1819,12 +2376,12 @@ If a field with a HiddenInput has errors, the as_table() and as_ul() output
 will include the error message(s) with the text "(Hidden field [fieldname]) "
 prepended. This message is displayed at the top of the output, regardless of
 its field's order in the form.
->>> p = Person({'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Lennon', 'birthday': '1940-10-9'})
+>>> p = Person({'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Lennon', 'birthday': '1940-10-9'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print p
 <tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>(Hidden field hidden_text) This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
 <li><ul class="errorlist"><li>(Hidden field hidden_text) This field is required.</li></ul></li>
 <li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></li>
@@ -1840,7 +2397,7 @@ A corner case: It's possible for a form to have only HiddenInputs.
 >>> class TestForm(Form):
 ...     foo = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
 ...     bar = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
->>> p = TestForm()
+>>> p = TestForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p.as_table()
 <input type="hidden" name="foo" /><input type="hidden" name="bar" />
 >>> print p.as_ul()
@@ -1864,22 +2421,391 @@ A Form's fields are displayed in the same order in which they were defined.
 ...     field12 = CharField()
 ...     field13 = CharField()
 ...     field14 = CharField()
->>> p = TestForm()
+>>> p = TestForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>Field1:</td><td><input type="text" name="field1" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field2:</td><td><input type="text" name="field2" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field3:</td><td><input type="text" name="field3" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field4:</td><td><input type="text" name="field4" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field5:</td><td><input type="text" name="field5" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field6:</td><td><input type="text" name="field6" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field7:</td><td><input type="text" name="field7" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field8:</td><td><input type="text" name="field8" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field9:</td><td><input type="text" name="field9" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field10:</td><td><input type="text" name="field10" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field11:</td><td><input type="text" name="field11" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field12:</td><td><input type="text" name="field12" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field13:</td><td><input type="text" name="field13" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Field14:</td><td><input type="text" name="field14" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field1:</th><td><input type="text" name="field1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field2:</th><td><input type="text" name="field2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field3:</th><td><input type="text" name="field3" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field4:</th><td><input type="text" name="field4" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field5:</th><td><input type="text" name="field5" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field6:</th><td><input type="text" name="field6" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field7:</th><td><input type="text" name="field7" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field8:</th><td><input type="text" name="field8" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field9:</th><td><input type="text" name="field9" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field10:</th><td><input type="text" name="field10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field11:</th><td><input type="text" name="field11" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field12:</th><td><input type="text" name="field12" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field13:</th><td><input type="text" name="field13" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field14:</th><td><input type="text" name="field14" /></td></tr>
+
+Some Field classes have an effect on the HTML attributes of their associated
+Widget. If you set max_length in a CharField and its associated widget is
+either a TextInput or PasswordInput, then the widget's rendered HTML will
+include the "maxlength" attribute.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)                   # uses TextInput by default
+...    password = CharField(max_length=10, widget=PasswordInput)
+...    realname = CharField(max_length=10, widget=TextInput) # redundantly define widget, just to test
+...    address = CharField()                                 # no max_length defined here
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Realname: <input type="text" name="realname" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Address: <input type="text" name="address" /></li>
+
+If you specify a custom "attrs" that includes the "maxlength" attribute,
+the Field's max_length attribute will override whatever "maxlength" you specify
+in "attrs".
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, widget=TextInput(attrs={'maxlength': 20}))
+...    password = CharField(max_length=10, widget=PasswordInput)
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" maxlength="10" /></li>
+
+# Specifying labels ###########################################################
+
+You can specify the label for a field by using the 'label' argument to a Field
+class. If you don't specify 'label', Django will use the field name with
+underscores converted to spaces, and the initial letter capitalized.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, label='Your username')
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput, label='Password (again)')
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></li>
+<li>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></li>
+
+A label can be a Unicode object or a bytestring with special characters.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, label='ŠĐĆŽćžšđ')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput, label=u'\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111')
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> p.as_ul()
+u'<li>\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>\n<li>\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>'
+
+If a label is set to the empty string for a field, that field won't get a label.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, label='')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li> <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li> <input id="id_username" type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_password">Password:</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="id_password" /></li>
+
+If label is None, Django will auto-create the label from the field name. This
+is default behavior.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, label=None)
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_username">Username:</label> <input id="id_username" type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_password">Password:</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="id_password" /></li>
+
+# Initial data ################################################################
+
+You can specify initial data for a field by using the 'initial' argument to a
+Field class. This initial data is displayed when a Form is rendered with *no*
+data. It is not displayed when a Form is rendered with any data (including an
+empty dictionary). Also, the initial value is *not* used if data for a
+particular required field isn't provided.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, initial='django')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+
+Here, we're not submitting any data, so the initial value will be displayed.
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+
+Here, we're submitting data, so the initial value will *not* be displayed.
+>>> p = UserRegistration({}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'username': u''}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'username': u'foo'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="foo" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+
+An 'initial' value is *not* used as a fallback if data is not provided. In this
+example, we don't provide a value for 'username', and the form raises a
+validation error rather than using the initial value for 'username'.
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'password': 'secret'})
+>>> p.errors
+{'username': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+False
+
+# Dynamic initial data ########################################################
+
+The previous technique dealt with "hard-coded" initial data, but it's also
+possible to specify initial data after you've already created the Form class
+(i.e., at runtime). Use the 'initial' parameter to the Form constructor. This
+should be a dictionary containing initial values for one or more fields in the
+form, keyed by field name.
+
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+
+Here, we're not submitting any data, so the initial value will be displayed.
+>>> p = UserRegistration(initial={'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration(initial={'username': 'stephane'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="stephane" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+
+The 'initial' parameter is meaningless if you pass data.
+>>> p = UserRegistration({}, initial={'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'username': u''}, initial={'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'username': u'foo'}, initial={'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="foo" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+
+A dynamic 'initial' value is *not* used as a fallback if data is not provided.
+In this example, we don't provide a value for 'username', and the form raises a
+validation error rather than using the initial value for 'username'.
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'password': 'secret'}, initial={'username': 'django'})
+>>> p.errors
+{'username': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+False
+
+If a Form defines 'initial' *and* 'initial' is passed as a parameter to Form(),
+then the latter will get precedence.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, initial='django')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+>>> p = UserRegistration(initial={'username': 'babik'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="babik" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /></li>
+
+# Help text ###################################################################
+
+You can specify descriptive text for a field by using the 'help_text' argument
+to a Field class. This help text is displayed when a Form is rendered.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, help_text='e.g., user@example.com')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput, help_text='Choose wisely.')
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /> e.g., user@example.com</li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /> Choose wisely.</li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /> e.g., user@example.com</p>
+<p>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /> Choose wisely.</p>
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /><br />e.g., user@example.com</td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password:</th><td><input type="password" name="password" /><br />Choose wisely.</td></tr>
+
+The help text is displayed whether or not data is provided for the form.
+>>> p = UserRegistration({'username': u'foo'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="foo" maxlength="10" /> e.g., user@example.com</li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /> Choose wisely.</li>
+
+help_text is not displayed for hidden fields. It can be used for documentation
+purposes, though.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, help_text='e.g., user@example.com')
+...    password = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    next = CharField(widget=HiddenInput, initial='/', help_text='Redirect destination')
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /> e.g., user@example.com</li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" /><input type="hidden" name="next" value="/" /></li>
+
+# Forms with prefixes #########################################################
+
+Sometimes it's necessary to have multiple forms display on the same HTML page,
+or multiple copies of the same form. We can accomplish this with form prefixes.
+Pass the keyword argument 'prefix' to the Form constructor to use this feature.
+This value will be prepended to each HTML form field name. One way to think
+about this is "namespaces for HTML forms". Notice that in the data argument,
+each field's key has the prefix, in this case 'person1', prepended to the
+actual field name.
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     first_name = CharField()
+...     last_name = CharField()
+...     birthday = DateField()
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'John',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'person1-birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_person1-first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-first_name" value="John" id="id_person1-first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_person1-last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_person1-last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_person1-birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_person1-birthday" /></li>
+>>> print p['first_name']
+<input type="text" name="person1-first_name" value="John" id="id_person1-first_name" />
+>>> print p['last_name']
+<input type="text" name="person1-last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_person1-last_name" />
+>>> print p['birthday']
+<input type="text" name="person1-birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_person1-birthday" />
+>>> p.errors
+{}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+
+Let's try submitting some bad data to make sure form.errors and field.errors
+work as expected.
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'',
+...     'person1-birthday': u''
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p.errors
+{'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> p['first_name'].errors
+[u'This field is required.']
+>>> p['person1-first_name'].errors
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+KeyError: "Key 'person1-first_name' not found in Form"
+
+In this example, the data doesn't have a prefix, but the form requires it, so
+the form doesn't "see" the fields.
+>>> data = {
+...     'first_name': u'John',
+...     'last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p.errors
+{'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
+
+With prefixes, a single data dictionary can hold data for multiple instances
+of the same form.
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'John',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'person1-birthday': u'1940-10-9',
+...     'person2-first_name': u'Jim',
+...     'person2-last_name': u'Morrison',
+...     'person2-birthday': u'1943-12-8'
+... }
+>>> p1 = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p1.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p1.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+>>> p2 = Person(data, prefix='person2')
+>>> p2.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p2.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'Jim', 'last_name': u'Morrison', 'birthday': datetime.date(1943, 12, 8)}
+
+By default, forms append a hyphen between the prefix and the field name, but a
+form can alter that behavior by implementing the add_prefix() method. This
+method takes a field name and returns the prefixed field, according to
+self.prefix.
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     first_name = CharField()
+...     last_name = CharField()
+...     birthday = DateField()
+...     def add_prefix(self, field_name):
+...         return self.prefix and '%s-prefix-%s' % (self.prefix, field_name) or field_name
+>>> p = Person(prefix='foo')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-first_name" id="id_foo-prefix-first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-last_name" id="id_foo-prefix-last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-birthday" id="id_foo-prefix-birthday" /></li>
+>>> data = {
+...     'foo-prefix-first_name': u'John',
+...     'foo-prefix-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'foo-prefix-birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='foo')
+>>> p.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+
+# Forms with NullBooleanFields ################################################
+
+NullBooleanField is a bit of a special case because its presentation (widget)
+is different than its data. This is handled transparently, though.
+
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     is_cool = NullBooleanField()
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe', 'is_cool': u'1'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1" selected="selected">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe', 'is_cool': u'2'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe', 'is_cool': u'3'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe', 'is_cool': True}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
+<option value="3">No</option>
+</select>
+>>> p = Person({'name': u'Joe', 'is_cool': False}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p['is_cool']
+<select name="is_cool">
+<option value="1">Unknown</option>
+<option value="2">Yes</option>
+<option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
+</select>
 
 # Basic form processing in a view #############################################
 
@@ -1894,9 +2820,9 @@ A Form's fields are displayed in the same order in which they were defined.
 ...        return self.clean_data
 >>> def my_function(method, post_data):
 ...     if method == 'POST':
-...         form = UserRegistration(post_data)
+...         form = UserRegistration(post_data, auto_id=False)
 ...     else:
-...         form = UserRegistration()
+...         form = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
 ...     if form.is_valid():
 ...         return 'VALID: %r' % form.clean_data
 ...     t = Template('<form action="" method="post">\n<table>\n{{ form }}\n</table>\n<input type="submit" />\n</form>')
@@ -1906,9 +2832,9 @@ Case 1: GET (an empty form, with no errors).
 >>> print my_function('GET', {})
 <form action="" method="post">
 <table>
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
 </table>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
@@ -1918,10 +2844,9 @@ Case 2: POST with erroneous data (a redisplayed form, with errors).
 <form action="" method="post">
 <table>
 <tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="this-is-a-long-username" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><ul class="errorlist"><li>Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.</li></ul><input type="text" name="username" value="this-is-a-long-username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
 </table>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
@@ -1952,39 +2877,41 @@ particular field.
 ... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
 ... <input type="submit" />
 ... </form>''')
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration()}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
-<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django'})}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
-<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
 <ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
 <ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
 
-Use form.[field].verbose_name to output a field's "verbose name" -- its field
-name with underscores converted to spaces, and the initial letter capitalized.
+Use form.[field].label to output a field's label. You can specify the label for
+a field by using the 'label' argument to a Field class. If you don't specify
+'label', Django will use the field name with underscores converted to spaces,
+and the initial letter capitalized.
 >>> t = Template('''<form action="">
-... <p><label>{{ form.username.verbose_name }}: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
-... <p><label>{{ form.password1.verbose_name }}: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
-... <p><label>{{ form.password2.verbose_name }}: {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
+... <p><label>{{ form.username.label }}: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
+... <p><label>{{ form.password1.label }}: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
+... <p><label>{{ form.password2.label }}: {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
 ... <input type="submit" />
 ... </form>''')
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration()}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
-<p><label>Username: <input type="text" name="username" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
 
-User form.[field].label_tag to output a field's verbose_name with a <label>
-tag wrapped around it, but *only* if the given field has an "id" attribute.
+User form.[field].label_tag to output a field's label with a <label> tag
+wrapped around it, but *only* if the given field has an "id" attribute.
 Recall from above that passing the "auto_id" argument to a Form gives each
 field an "id" attribute.
 >>> t = Template('''<form action="">
@@ -1993,21 +2920,30 @@ field an "id" attribute.
 ... <p>{{ form.password2.label_tag }}: {{ form.password2 }}</p>
 ... <input type="submit" />
 ... </form>''')
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration()}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
-<p>Username: <input type="text" name="username" /></p>
+<p>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></p>
 <p>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></p>
 <p>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" /></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
 >>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id='id_%s')}))
 <form action="">
-<p><label for="id_username">Username</label>: <input type="text" name="username" id="id_username" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_username">Username</label>: <input id="id_username" type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></p>
 <p><label for="id_password1">Password1</label>: <input type="password" name="password1" id="id_password1" /></p>
 <p><label for="id_password2">Password2</label>: <input type="password" name="password2" id="id_password2" /></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
 
+The label_tag() method takes an optional attrs argument: a dictionary of HTML
+attributes to add to the <label> tag.
+>>> f = UserRegistration(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> for bf in f:
+...     print bf.label_tag(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
+<label for="id_username" class="pretty">Username</label>
+<label for="id_password1" class="pretty">Password1</label>
+<label for="id_password2" class="pretty">Password2</label>
+
 To display the errors that aren't associated with a particular field -- e.g.,
 the errors caused by Form.clean() -- use {{ form.non_field_errors }} in the
 template. If used on its own, it is displayed as a <ul> (or an empty string, if
@@ -2018,9 +2954,9 @@ the list of errors is empty). You can also use it in {% if %} statements.
 ... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
 ... <input type="submit" />
 ... </form>''')
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
-<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></label></p>
 <input type="submit" />
@@ -2032,14 +2968,149 @@ the list of errors is empty). You can also use it in {% if %} statements.
 ... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
 ... <input type="submit" />
 ... </form>''')
->>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})}))
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)}))
 <form action="">
 <ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul>
-<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></label></p>
 <p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></label></p>
 <input type="submit" />
 </form>
+
+#################
+# Extra widgets #
+#################
+
+The newforms library comes with some extra, higher-level Widget classes that
+demonstrate some of the library's abilities.
+
+# SelectDateWidget ############################################################
+
+>>> from django.newforms.extras import SelectDateWidget
+>>> w = SelectDateWidget(years=('2007','2008','2009','2010','2011','2012','2013','2014','2015','2016'))
+>>> print w.render('mydate', '')
+<select name="mydate_month">
+<option value="1">January</option>
+<option value="2">February</option>
+<option value="3">March</option>
+<option value="4">April</option>
+<option value="5">May</option>
+<option value="6">June</option>
+<option value="7">July</option>
+<option value="8">August</option>
+<option value="9">September</option>
+<option value="10">October</option>
+<option value="11">November</option>
+<option value="12">December</option>
+</select>
+<select name="mydate_day">
+<option value="1">1</option>
+<option value="2">2</option>
+<option value="3">3</option>
+<option value="4">4</option>
+<option value="5">5</option>
+<option value="6">6</option>
+<option value="7">7</option>
+<option value="8">8</option>
+<option value="9">9</option>
+<option value="10">10</option>
+<option value="11">11</option>
+<option value="12">12</option>
+<option value="13">13</option>
+<option value="14">14</option>
+<option value="15">15</option>
+<option value="16">16</option>
+<option value="17">17</option>
+<option value="18">18</option>
+<option value="19">19</option>
+<option value="20">20</option>
+<option value="21">21</option>
+<option value="22">22</option>
+<option value="23">23</option>
+<option value="24">24</option>
+<option value="25">25</option>
+<option value="26">26</option>
+<option value="27">27</option>
+<option value="28">28</option>
+<option value="29">29</option>
+<option value="30">30</option>
+<option value="31">31</option>
+</select>
+<select name="mydate_year">
+<option value="2007">2007</option>
+<option value="2008">2008</option>
+<option value="2009">2009</option>
+<option value="2010">2010</option>
+<option value="2011">2011</option>
+<option value="2012">2012</option>
+<option value="2013">2013</option>
+<option value="2014">2014</option>
+<option value="2015">2015</option>
+<option value="2016">2016</option>
+</select>
+>>> w.render('mydate', None) == w.render('mydate', '')
+True
+>>> print w.render('mydate', '2010-04-15')
+<select name="mydate_month">
+<option value="1">January</option>
+<option value="2">February</option>
+<option value="3">March</option>
+<option value="4" selected="selected">April</option>
+<option value="5">May</option>
+<option value="6">June</option>
+<option value="7">July</option>
+<option value="8">August</option>
+<option value="9">September</option>
+<option value="10">October</option>
+<option value="11">November</option>
+<option value="12">December</option>
+</select>
+<select name="mydate_day">
+<option value="1">1</option>
+<option value="2">2</option>
+<option value="3">3</option>
+<option value="4">4</option>
+<option value="5">5</option>
+<option value="6">6</option>
+<option value="7">7</option>
+<option value="8">8</option>
+<option value="9">9</option>
+<option value="10">10</option>
+<option value="11">11</option>
+<option value="12">12</option>
+<option value="13">13</option>
+<option value="14">14</option>
+<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
+<option value="16">16</option>
+<option value="17">17</option>
+<option value="18">18</option>
+<option value="19">19</option>
+<option value="20">20</option>
+<option value="21">21</option>
+<option value="22">22</option>
+<option value="23">23</option>
+<option value="24">24</option>
+<option value="25">25</option>
+<option value="26">26</option>
+<option value="27">27</option>
+<option value="28">28</option>
+<option value="29">29</option>
+<option value="30">30</option>
+<option value="31">31</option>
+</select>
+<select name="mydate_year">
+<option value="2007">2007</option>
+<option value="2008">2008</option>
+<option value="2009">2009</option>
+<option value="2010" selected="selected">2010</option>
+<option value="2011">2011</option>
+<option value="2012">2012</option>
+<option value="2013">2013</option>
+<option value="2014">2014</option>
+<option value="2015">2015</option>
+<option value="2016">2016</option>
+</select>
+
 """
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/__init__.py b/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/models.py b/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43bcc533ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/invalid_admin_options/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+"""
+Admin options
+
+Test invalid and valid admin options to make sure that
+model validation is working properly. 
+"""
+
+from django.db import models
+model_errors = ""
+
+# TODO: Invalid admin options should not cause a metaclass error
+##This should fail gracefully but is causing a metaclass error
+#class BadAdminOption(models.Model):
+#    "Test nonexistent admin option"
+#    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+#    
+#    class Admin:
+#        nonexistent = 'option'
+#
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.badadminoption: "admin" attribute, if given, must be set to a models.AdminOptions() instance.
+#"""
+        
+class ListDisplayBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display, list_display must be a list or tuple"
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = 'first_name'
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaybadone: "admin.list_display", if given, must be set to a list or tuple.
+"""
+
+class ListDisplayBadTwo(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display, list_display items must be attributes, methods or properties."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['first_name','nonexistent']
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaybadtwo: "admin.list_display" refers to 'nonexistent', which isn't an attribute, method or property.
+"""        
+class ListDisplayBadThree(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display, list_display items can not be a ManyToManyField."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    nick_names = models.ManyToManyField('ListDisplayGood')
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['first_name','nick_names']
+        
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaybadthree: "admin.list_display" doesn't support ManyToManyFields ('nick_names').
+""" 
+      
+class ListDisplayGood(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display, Admin list_display can be a attribute, method or property."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    def _last_name(self):
+        return self.first_name
+    last_name = property(_last_name)
+    
+    def full_name(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['first_name','last_name','full_name']
+       
+class ListDisplayLinksBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display_links, item must be included in list_display."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['last_name']
+        list_display_links = ['first_name']
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaylinksbadone: "admin.list_display_links" refers to 'first_name', which is not defined in "admin.list_display".
+"""
+
+class ListDisplayLinksBadTwo(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display_links, must be a list or tuple."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['first_name','last_name']
+        list_display_links = 'last_name'    
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaylinksbadtwo: "admin.list_display_links", if given, must be set to a list or tuple.
+"""
+
+# TODO: Fix list_display_links validation or remove the check for list_display
+## This is failing but the validation which should fail is not.
+#class ListDisplayLinksBadThree(models.Model):
+#    "Test list_display_links, must define list_display to use list_display_links."
+#    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+#    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+#    
+#    class Admin:
+#        list_display_links = ('first_name',)
+#
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listdisplaylinksbadthree: "admin.list_display" must be defined for "admin.list_display_links" to be used.
+#"""
+        
+class ListDisplayLinksGood(models.Model):
+    "Test list_display_links, Admin list_display_list can be a attribute, method or property."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    def _last_name(self):
+        return self.first_name
+    last_name = property(_last_name)
+    
+    def full_name(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_display = ['first_name','last_name','full_name']
+        list_display_links = ['first_name','last_name','full_name']
+
+class ListFilterBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test list_filter, must be a list or tuple."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        list_filter = 'first_name'     
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listfilterbadone: "admin.list_filter", if given, must be set to a list or tuple.
+"""
+
+class ListFilterBadTwo(models.Model):
+    "Test list_filter, must be a field not a property or method."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    def _last_name(self):
+        return self.first_name
+    last_name = property(_last_name)
+    
+    def full_name(self):
+        return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
+
+    class Admin:
+        list_filter = ['first_name','last_name','full_name']
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listfilterbadtwo: "admin.list_filter" refers to 'last_name', which isn't a field.
+invalid_admin_options.listfilterbadtwo: "admin.list_filter" refers to 'full_name', which isn't a field.
+"""
+
+class DateHierarchyBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test date_hierarchy, must be a date or datetime field."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    birth_day = models.DateField()
+    
+    class Admin:
+        date_hierarchy = 'first_name'
+        
+# TODO: Date Hierarchy needs to check if field is a date/datetime field.
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.datehierarchybadone: "admin.date_hierarchy" refers to 'first_name', which isn't a date field or datetime field.
+#"""
+
+class DateHierarchyBadTwo(models.Model):
+    "Test date_hieracrhy, must be a field."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    birth_day = models.DateField()
+    
+    class Admin:
+        date_hierarchy = 'nonexistent'          
+
+model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.datehierarchybadtwo: "admin.date_hierarchy" refers to 'nonexistent', which isn't a field.
+"""
+
+class DateHierarchyGood(models.Model):
+    "Test date_hieracrhy, must be a field."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    birth_day = models.DateField()
+    
+    class Admin:
+        date_hierarchy = 'birth_day' 
+      
+class SearchFieldsBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test search_fields, must be a list or tuple."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        search_fields = ('nonexistent')         
+
+# TODO: Add search_fields validation
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.seacrhfieldsbadone: "admin.search_fields", if given, must be set to a list or tuple.
+#"""
+      
+class SearchFieldsBadTwo(models.Model):
+    "Test search_fields, must be a field."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+
+    def _last_name(self):
+        return self.first_name
+    last_name = property(_last_name)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        search_fields = ['first_name','last_name']         
+
+# TODO: Add search_fields validation
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.seacrhfieldsbadone: "admin.search_fields" refers to 'last_name', which isn't a field.
+#"""
+
+class SearchFieldsGood(models.Model):
+    "Test search_fields, must be a list or tuple."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        search_fields = ['first_name','last_name']
+
+
+class JsBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test js, must be a list or tuple"
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        js = 'test.js'
+        
+# TODO: Add a js validator
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.jsbadone: "admin.js", if given, must be set to a list or tuple.
+#"""
+
+class SaveAsBad(models.Model):
+    "Test save_as, should be True or False"
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        save_as = 'not True or False'
+
+# TODO: Add a save_as validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.saveasbad: "admin.save_as", if given, must be set to True or False.
+#"""
+
+class SaveOnTopBad(models.Model):
+    "Test save_on_top, should be True or False"
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        save_on_top = 'not True or False'
+
+# TODO: Add a save_on_top validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.saveontopbad: "admin.save_on_top", if given, must be set to True or False.
+#"""
+
+class ListSelectRelatedBad(models.Model):
+    "Test list_select_related, should be True or False"
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        list_select_related = 'not True or False'
+
+# TODO: Add a list_select_related validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listselectrelatebad: "admin.list_select_related", if given, must be set to True or False.
+#"""
+
+class ListPerPageBad(models.Model):
+    "Test list_per_page, should be a positive integer value."
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        list_per_page = 89.3
+
+# TODO: Add a list_per_page validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.listperpagebad: "admin.list_per_page", if given, must be a positive integer.
+#"""
+
+class FieldsBadOne(models.Model):
+    "Test fields, should be a tuple"
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        fields = 'not a tuple'
+
+# TODO: Add a fields validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.fieldsbadone: "admin.fields", if given, must be a tuple.
+#"""
+
+class FieldsBadTwo(models.Model):
+    """Test fields, 'fields' dict option is required."""
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        fields = ('Name', {'description': 'this fieldset needs fields'})
+        
+# TODO: Add a fields validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.fieldsbadtwo: "admin.fields" each fieldset must include a 'fields' dict.
+#"""
+
+class FieldsBadThree(models.Model):
+    """Test fields, 'classes' and 'description' are the only allowable extra dict options."""
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        fields = ('Name', {'fields': ('first_name','last_name'),'badoption': 'verybadoption'})
+
+# TODO: Add a fields validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.fieldsbadthree: "admin.fields" fieldset options must be either 'classes' or 'description'.
+#"""
+
+class FieldsGood(models.Model):
+    "Test fields, working example"
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    birth_day = models.DateField()
+    
+    class Admin:
+        fields = (
+                  ('Name', {'fields': ('first_name','last_name'),'classes': 'collapse'}),
+                  (None, {'fields': ('birth_day',),'description': 'enter your b-day'})
+                  )
+                  
+class OrderingBad(models.Model):
+    "Test ordering, must be a field."
+    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    last_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+    
+    class Admin:
+        ordering = 'nonexistent'
+
+# TODO: Add a ordering validator.       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.orderingbad: "admin.ordering" refers to 'nonexistent', which isn't a field.
+#"""
+
+## TODO: Add a manager validator, this should fail gracefully.
+#class ManagerBad(models.Model):
+#    "Test manager, must be a manager object."
+#    first_name = models.CharField(maxlength=30)
+#    
+#    class Admin:
+#        manager = 'nonexistent'
+#       
+#model_errors += """invalid_admin_options.managerbad: "admin.manager" refers to 'nonexistent', which isn't a Manager().
+#"""
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/runtests.py b/tests/runtests.py
index 359fca2bf5..20189c2d99 100755
--- a/tests/runtests.py
+++ b/tests/runtests.py
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ def get_invalid_models():
             if f.startswith('invalid'):
                 models.append((loc, f))
     return models
-                
+
 class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def __init__(self, model_label):
         unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
         self.model_label = model_label
-        
+
     def runTest(self):
         from django.core import management
         from django.db.models.loading import load_app
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             module = load_app(self.model_label)
         except Exception, e:
             self.fail('Unable to load invalid model module')
-        
+
         s = StringIO()
         count = management.get_validation_errors(s, module)
         s.seek(0)
@@ -71,39 +71,43 @@ class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
 def django_tests(verbosity, tests_to_run):
     from django.conf import settings
-    from django.db.models.loading import get_apps, load_app
 
     old_installed_apps = settings.INSTALLED_APPS
     old_test_database_name = settings.TEST_DATABASE_NAME
     old_root_urlconf = settings.ROOT_URLCONF
     old_template_dirs = settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS
-    
+    old_use_i18n = settings.USE_I18N
+
     # Redirect some settings for the duration of these tests
     settings.TEST_DATABASE_NAME = TEST_DATABASE_NAME
     settings.INSTALLED_APPS = ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS
     settings.ROOT_URLCONF = 'urls'
     settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS = (os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), TEST_TEMPLATE_DIR),)
-    
-    # load all the ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS
+    settings.USE_I18N = True
+
+    # Load all the ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS.
+    # (This import statement is intentionally delayed until after we
+    # access settings because of the USE_I18N dependency.)
+    from django.db.models.loading import get_apps, load_app
     get_apps()
-    
+
     # Load all the test model apps
     test_models = []
-    for model_dir, model_name in get_test_models():        
+    for model_dir, model_name in get_test_models():
         model_label = '.'.join([model_dir, model_name])
         try:
             # if the model was named on the command line, or
-            # no models were named (i.e., run all), import 
+            # no models were named (i.e., run all), import
             # this model and add it to the list to test.
             if not tests_to_run or model_name in tests_to_run:
                 if verbosity >= 1:
                     print "Importing model %s" % model_name
                 mod = load_app(model_label)
-                settings.INSTALLED_APPS.append(model_label)        
+                settings.INSTALLED_APPS.append(model_label)
                 test_models.append(mod)
         except Exception, e:
             sys.stderr.write("Error while importing %s:" % model_name + ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())[1:]))
-            continue    
+            continue
 
     # Add tests for invalid models
     extra_tests = []
@@ -111,28 +115,29 @@ def django_tests(verbosity, tests_to_run):
         model_label = '.'.join([model_dir, model_name])
         if not tests_to_run or model_name in tests_to_run:
             extra_tests.append(InvalidModelTestCase(model_label))
-    
+
     # Run the test suite, including the extra validation tests.
     from django.test.simple import run_tests
     run_tests(test_models, verbosity, extra_tests=extra_tests)
-  
+
     # Restore the old settings
     settings.INSTALLED_APPS = old_installed_apps
     settings.TESTS_DATABASE_NAME = old_test_database_name
     settings.ROOT_URLCONF = old_root_urlconf
     settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS = old_template_dirs
-    
+    settings.USE_I18N = old_use_i18n
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     from optparse import OptionParser
     usage = "%prog [options] [model model model ...]"
     parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
     parser.add_option('-v','--verbosity', action='store', dest='verbosity', default='0',
         type='choice', choices=['0', '1', '2'],
-        help='Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output, 2=all output')    
+        help='Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output, 2=all output')
     parser.add_option('--settings',
         help='Python path to settings module, e.g. "myproject.settings". If this isn\'t provided, the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be used.')
     options, args = parser.parse_args()
     if options.settings:
         os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = options.settings
-        
+
     django_tests(int(options.verbosity), args)