path: root/src/backend/parser/parse_oper.c

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * parse_oper.h
 *		handle operator things for parser
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/parser/parse_oper.c,v 1.2 1997/11/26 01:11:24 momjian Exp $
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include <string.h>

#include "postgres.h"
#include <fmgr.h>
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "access/relscan.h"
#include "catalog/catname.h"
#include "catalog/pg_operator.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "parser/parse_oper.h"
#include "parser/parse_type.h"
#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"

Oid
any_ordering_op(int restype)
{
	Operator	order_op;
	Oid			order_opid;

	order_op = oper("<", restype, restype, false);
	order_opid = oprid(order_op);

	return order_opid;
}

/* given operator, return the operator OID */
Oid
oprid(Operator op)
{
	return (op->t_oid);
}

/*
 *	given opname, leftTypeId and rightTypeId,
 *	find all possible (arg1, arg2) pairs for which an operator named
 *	opname exists, such that leftTypeId can be coerced to arg1 and
 *	rightTypeId can be coerced to arg2
 */
int
binary_oper_get_candidates(char *opname,
						   Oid leftTypeId,
						   Oid rightTypeId,
						   CandidateList *candidates)
{
	CandidateList current_candidate;
	Relation	pg_operator_desc;
	HeapScanDesc pg_operator_scan;
	HeapTuple	tup;
	OperatorTupleForm oper;
	Buffer		buffer;
	int			nkeys;
	int			ncandidates = 0;
	ScanKeyData opKey[3];

	*candidates = NULL;

	ScanKeyEntryInitialize(&opKey[0], 0,
						   Anum_pg_operator_oprname,
						   NameEqualRegProcedure,
						   NameGetDatum(opname));

	ScanKeyEntryInitialize(&opKey[1], 0,
						   Anum_pg_operator_oprkind,
						   CharacterEqualRegProcedure,
						   CharGetDatum('b'));


	if (leftTypeId == UNKNOWNOID)
	{
		if (rightTypeId == UNKNOWNOID)
		{
			nkeys = 2;
		}
		else
		{
			nkeys = 3;

			ScanKeyEntryInitialize(&opKey[2], 0,
								   Anum_pg_operator_oprright,
								   ObjectIdEqualRegProcedure,
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(rightTypeId));
		}
	}
	else if (rightTypeId == UNKNOWNOID)
	{
		nkeys = 3;

		ScanKeyEntryInitialize(&opKey[2], 0,
							   Anum_pg_operator_oprleft,
							   ObjectIdEqualRegProcedure,
							   ObjectIdGetDatum(leftTypeId));
	}
	else
		/* currently only "unknown" can be coerced */
		return 0;

	pg_operator_desc = heap_openr(OperatorRelationName);
	pg_operator_scan = heap_beginscan(pg_operator_desc,
									  0,
									  true,
									  nkeys,
									  opKey);

	do
	{
		tup = heap_getnext(pg_operator_scan, 0, &buffer);
		if (HeapTupleIsValid(tup))
		{
			current_candidate = (CandidateList) palloc(sizeof(struct _CandidateList));
			current_candidate->args = (Oid *) palloc(2 * sizeof(Oid));

			oper = (OperatorTupleForm) GETSTRUCT(tup);
			current_candidate->args[0] = oper->oprleft;
			current_candidate->args[1] = oper->oprright;
			current_candidate->next = *candidates;
			*candidates = current_candidate;
			ncandidates++;
			ReleaseBuffer(buffer);
		}
	} while (HeapTupleIsValid(tup));

	heap_endscan(pg_operator_scan);
	heap_close(pg_operator_desc);

	return ncandidates;
}

/*
 * equivalentOpersAfterPromotion -
 *	  checks if a list of candidate operators obtained from
 *	  binary_oper_get_candidates() contain equivalent operators. If
 *	  this routine is called, we have more than 1 candidate and need to
 *	  decided whether to pick one of them. This routine returns true if
 *	  the all the candidates operate on the same data types after
 *	  promotion (int2, int4, float4 -> float8).
 */
bool
equivalentOpersAfterPromotion(CandidateList candidates)
{
	CandidateList result;
	CandidateList promotedCandidates = NULL;
	Oid			leftarg,
				rightarg;

	for (result = candidates; result != NULL; result = result->next)
	{
		CandidateList c;

		c = (CandidateList) palloc(sizeof(*c));
		c->args = (Oid *) palloc(2 * sizeof(Oid));
		switch (result->args[0])
		{
			case FLOAT4OID:
			case INT4OID:
			case INT2OID:
			case CASHOID:
				c->args[0] = FLOAT8OID;
				break;
			default:
				c->args[0] = result->args[0];
				break;
		}
		switch (result->args[1])
		{
			case FLOAT4OID:
			case INT4OID:
			case INT2OID:
			case CASHOID:
				c->args[1] = FLOAT8OID;
				break;
			default:
				c->args[1] = result->args[1];
				break;
		}
		c->next = promotedCandidates;
		promotedCandidates = c;
	}

	/*
	 * if we get called, we have more than 1 candidates so we can do the
	 * following safely
	 */
	leftarg = promotedCandidates->args[0];
	rightarg = promotedCandidates->args[1];

	for (result = promotedCandidates->next; result != NULL; result = result->next)
	{
		if (result->args[0] != leftarg || result->args[1] != rightarg)

			/*
			 * this list contains operators that operate on different data
			 * types even after promotion. Hence we can't decide on which
			 * one to pick. The user must do explicit type casting.
			 */
			return FALSE;
	}

	/*
	 * all the candidates are equivalent in the following sense: they
	 * operate on equivalent data types and picking any one of them is as
	 * good.
	 */
	return TRUE;
}


/*
 *	given a choice of argument type pairs for a binary operator,
 *	try to choose a default pair
 */
CandidateList
binary_oper_select_candidate(Oid arg1,
							 Oid arg2,
							 CandidateList candidates)
{
	CandidateList result;

	/*
	 * if both are "unknown", there is no way to select a candidate
	 *
	 * current wisdom holds that the default operator should be one in which
	 * both operands have the same type (there will only be one such
	 * operator)
	 *
	 * 7.27.93 - I have decided not to do this; it's too hard to justify, and
	 * it's easy enough to typecast explicitly -avi [the rest of this
	 * routine were commented out since then -ay]
	 */

	if (arg1 == UNKNOWNOID && arg2 == UNKNOWNOID)
		return (NULL);

	/*
	 * 6/23/95 - I don't complete agree with avi. In particular, casting
	 * floats is a pain for users. Whatever the rationale behind not doing
	 * this is, I need the following special case to work.
	 *
	 * In the WHERE clause of a query, if a float is specified without
	 * quotes, we treat it as float8. I added the float48* operators so
	 * that we can operate on float4 and float8. But now we have more than
	 * one matching operator if the right arg is unknown (eg. float
	 * specified with quotes). This break some stuff in the regression
	 * test where there are floats in quotes not properly casted. Below is
	 * the solution. In addition to requiring the operator operates on the
	 * same type for both operands [as in the code Avi originally
	 * commented out], we also require that the operators be equivalent in
	 * some sense. (see equivalentOpersAfterPromotion for details.) - ay
	 * 6/95
	 */
	if (!equivalentOpersAfterPromotion(candidates))
		return NULL;

	/*
	 * if we get here, any one will do but we're more picky and require
	 * both operands be the same.
	 */
	for (result = candidates; result != NULL; result = result->next)
	{
		if (result->args[0] == result->args[1])
			return result;
	}

	return (NULL);
}

/* Given operator, types of arg1, and arg2, return oper struct */
/* arg1, arg2 --typeids */
Operator
oper(char *op, Oid arg1, Oid arg2, bool noWarnings)
{
	HeapTuple	tup;
	CandidateList candidates;
	int			ncandidates;

	if (!arg2)
		arg2 = arg1;
	if (!arg1)
		arg1 = arg2;

	if (!(tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									PointerGetDatum(op),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(arg1),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(arg2),
									Int8GetDatum('b'))))
	{
		ncandidates = binary_oper_get_candidates(op, arg1, arg2, &candidates);
		if (ncandidates == 0)
		{

			/*
			 * no operators of the desired types found
			 */
			if (!noWarnings)
				op_error(op, arg1, arg2);
			return (NULL);
		}
		else if (ncandidates == 1)
		{

			/*
			 * exactly one operator of the desired types found
			 */
			tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									  PointerGetDatum(op),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[0]),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[1]),
									  Int8GetDatum('b'));
			Assert(HeapTupleIsValid(tup));
		}
		else
		{

			/*
			 * multiple operators of the desired types found
			 */
			candidates = binary_oper_select_candidate(arg1, arg2, candidates);
			if (candidates != NULL)
			{
				/* we chose one of them */
				tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
										  PointerGetDatum(op),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[0]),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[1]),
										  Int8GetDatum('b'));
				Assert(HeapTupleIsValid(tup));
			}
			else
			{
				Type		tp1,
							tp2;

				/* we chose none of them */
				tp1 = typeidType(arg1);
				tp2 = typeidType(arg2);
				if (!noWarnings)
				{
					elog(NOTICE, "there is more than one operator %s for types", op);
					elog(NOTICE, "%s and %s. You will have to retype this query",
						 typeTypeName(tp1), typeTypeName(tp2));
					elog(WARN, "using an explicit cast");
				}
				return (NULL);
			}
		}
	}
	return ((Operator) tup);
}

/*
 *	given opname and typeId, find all possible types for which
 *	a right/left unary operator named opname exists,
 *	such that typeId can be coerced to it
 */
int
unary_oper_get_candidates(char *op,
						  Oid typeId,
						  CandidateList *candidates,
						  char rightleft)
{
	CandidateList current_candidate;
	Relation	pg_operator_desc;
	HeapScanDesc pg_operator_scan;
	HeapTuple	tup;
	OperatorTupleForm oper;
	Buffer		buffer;
	int			ncandidates = 0;

	static ScanKeyData opKey[2] = {
		{0, Anum_pg_operator_oprname, NameEqualRegProcedure},
	{0, Anum_pg_operator_oprkind, CharacterEqualRegProcedure}};

	*candidates = NULL;

	fmgr_info(NameEqualRegProcedure, (func_ptr *) &opKey[0].sk_func,
			  &opKey[0].sk_nargs);
	opKey[0].sk_argument = NameGetDatum(op);
	fmgr_info(CharacterEqualRegProcedure, (func_ptr *) &opKey[1].sk_func,
			  &opKey[1].sk_nargs);
	opKey[1].sk_argument = CharGetDatum(rightleft);

	/* currently, only "unknown" can be coerced */

	/*
	 * but we should allow types that are internally the same to be
	 * "coerced"
	 */
	if (typeId != UNKNOWNOID)
	{
		return 0;
	}

	pg_operator_desc = heap_openr(OperatorRelationName);
	pg_operator_scan = heap_beginscan(pg_operator_desc,
									  0,
									  true,
									  2,
									  opKey);

	do
	{
		tup = heap_getnext(pg_operator_scan, 0, &buffer);
		if (HeapTupleIsValid(tup))
		{
			current_candidate = (CandidateList) palloc(sizeof(struct _CandidateList));
			current_candidate->args = (Oid *) palloc(sizeof(Oid));

			oper = (OperatorTupleForm) GETSTRUCT(tup);
			if (rightleft == 'r')
				current_candidate->args[0] = oper->oprleft;
			else
				current_candidate->args[0] = oper->oprright;
			current_candidate->next = *candidates;
			*candidates = current_candidate;
			ncandidates++;
			ReleaseBuffer(buffer);
		}
	} while (HeapTupleIsValid(tup));

	heap_endscan(pg_operator_scan);
	heap_close(pg_operator_desc);

	return ncandidates;
}

/* Given unary right-side operator (operator on right), return oper struct */
/* arg-- type id */
Operator
right_oper(char *op, Oid arg)
{
	HeapTuple	tup;
	CandidateList candidates;
	int			ncandidates;

	/*
	 * if (!OpCache) { init_op_cache(); }
	 */
	if (!(tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									PointerGetDatum(op),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(arg),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid),
									Int8GetDatum('r'))))
	{
		ncandidates = unary_oper_get_candidates(op, arg, &candidates, 'r');
		if (ncandidates == 0)
		{
			elog(WARN,
				 "Can't find right op: %s for type %d", op, arg);
			return (NULL);
		}
		else if (ncandidates == 1)
		{
			tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									  PointerGetDatum(op),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[0]),
									  ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid),
									  Int8GetDatum('r'));
			Assert(HeapTupleIsValid(tup));
		}
		else
		{
			elog(NOTICE, "there is more than one right operator %s", op);
			elog(NOTICE, "you will have to retype this query");
			elog(WARN, "using an explicit cast");
			return (NULL);
		}
	}
	return ((Operator) tup);
}

/* Given unary left-side operator (operator on left), return oper struct */
/* arg--type id */
Operator
left_oper(char *op, Oid arg)
{
	HeapTuple	tup;
	CandidateList candidates;
	int			ncandidates;

	/*
	 * if (!OpCache) { init_op_cache(); }
	 */
	if (!(tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									PointerGetDatum(op),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid),
									ObjectIdGetDatum(arg),
									Int8GetDatum('l'))))
	{
		ncandidates = unary_oper_get_candidates(op, arg, &candidates, 'l');
		if (ncandidates == 0)
		{
			elog(WARN,
				 "Can't find left op: %s for type %d", op, arg);
			return (NULL);
		}
		else if (ncandidates == 1)
		{
			tup = SearchSysCacheTuple(OPRNAME,
									  PointerGetDatum(op),
									  ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid),
								   ObjectIdGetDatum(candidates->args[0]),
									  Int8GetDatum('l'));
			Assert(HeapTupleIsValid(tup));
		}
		else
		{
			elog(NOTICE, "there is more than one left operator %s", op);
			elog(NOTICE, "you will have to retype this query");
			elog(WARN, "using an explicit cast");
			return (NULL);
		}
	}
	return ((Operator) tup);
}

/* Given a typename and value, returns the ascii form of the value */

#ifdef NOT_USED
char	   *
outstr(char *typename,			/* Name of type of value */
	   char *value)				/* Could be of any type */
{
	TypeTupleForm tp;
	Oid			op;

	tp = (TypeTupleForm) GETSTRUCT(type(typename));
	op = tp->typoutput;
	return ((char *) fmgr(op, value));
}

#endif

/*
 * Give a somewhat useful error message when the operator for two types
 * is not found.
 */
void
op_error(char *op, Oid arg1, Oid arg2)
{
	Type		tp1 = NULL,
				tp2 = NULL;

	if (typeidIsValid(arg1))
	{
		tp1 = typeidType(arg1);
	}
	else
	{
		elog(WARN, "left hand side of operator %s has an unknown type, probably a bad attribute name", op);
	}

	if (typeidIsValid(arg2))
	{
		tp2 = typeidType(arg2);
	}
	else
	{
		elog(WARN, "right hand side of operator %s has an unknown type, probably a bad attribute name", op);
	}

	elog(NOTICE, "there is no operator %s for types %s and %s",
		 op, typeTypeName(tp1), typeTypeName(tp2));
	elog(NOTICE, "You will either have to retype this query using an");
	elog(NOTICE, "explicit cast, or you will have to define the operator");
	elog(WARN, "%s for %s and %s using CREATE OPERATOR",
		 op, typeTypeName(tp1), typeTypeName(tp2));
}