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|
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* indexcmds.c
* POSTGRES define and remove index code.
*
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2002, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c,v 1.86 2002/08/30 22:18:05 tgl Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "catalog/catalog.h"
#include "catalog/catname.h"
#include "catalog/dependency.h"
#include "catalog/index.h"
#include "catalog/namespace.h"
#include "catalog/pg_opclass.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "commands/defrem.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
#include "optimizer/planmain.h"
#include "optimizer/prep.h"
#include "parser/parsetree.h"
#include "parser/parse_coerce.h"
#include "parser/parse_func.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"
#define IsFuncIndex(ATTR_LIST) (((IndexElem*)lfirst(ATTR_LIST))->funcname != NIL)
/* non-export function prototypes */
static void CheckPredicate(List *predList, List *rangeTable, Oid baseRelOid);
static void FuncIndexArgs(IndexInfo *indexInfo, Oid *classOidP,
IndexElem *funcIndex,
Oid relId,
char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId);
static void NormIndexAttrs(IndexInfo *indexInfo, Oid *classOidP,
List *attList,
Oid relId,
char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId);
static Oid GetAttrOpClass(IndexElem *attribute, Oid attrType,
char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId);
static Oid GetDefaultOpClass(Oid attrType, Oid accessMethodId);
/*
* DefineIndex
* Creates a new index.
*
* 'attributeList' is a list of IndexElem specifying either a functional
* index or a list of attributes to index on.
* 'predicate' is the qual specified in the where clause.
* 'rangetable' is needed to interpret the predicate.
*/
void
DefineIndex(RangeVar *heapRelation,
char *indexRelationName,
char *accessMethodName,
List *attributeList,
bool unique,
bool primary,
bool isconstraint,
Expr *predicate,
List *rangetable)
{
Oid *classObjectId;
Oid accessMethodId;
Oid relationId;
Oid namespaceId;
Relation rel;
HeapTuple tuple;
Form_pg_am accessMethodForm;
IndexInfo *indexInfo;
int numberOfAttributes;
List *cnfPred = NIL;
/*
* count attributes in index
*/
numberOfAttributes = length(attributeList);
if (numberOfAttributes <= 0)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: must specify at least one attribute");
if (numberOfAttributes > INDEX_MAX_KEYS)
elog(ERROR, "Cannot use more than %d attributes in an index",
INDEX_MAX_KEYS);
/*
* Open heap relation, acquire a suitable lock on it, remember its OID
*/
rel = heap_openrv(heapRelation, ShareLock);
/* Note: during bootstrap may see uncataloged relation */
if (rel->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_RELATION &&
rel->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_UNCATALOGED)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: relation \"%s\" is not a table",
heapRelation->relname);
relationId = RelationGetRelid(rel);
namespaceId = RelationGetNamespace(rel);
if (!IsBootstrapProcessingMode() &&
IsSystemRelation(rel) &&
!IndexesAreActive(relationId, false))
elog(ERROR, "Existing indexes are inactive. REINDEX first");
heap_close(rel, NoLock);
/*
* Verify we (still) have CREATE rights in the rel's namespace.
* (Presumably we did when the rel was created, but maybe not anymore.)
* Skip check if bootstrapping, since permissions machinery may not
* be working yet.
*/
if (!IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
{
AclResult aclresult;
aclresult = pg_namespace_aclcheck(namespaceId, GetUserId(),
ACL_CREATE);
if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
aclcheck_error(aclresult, get_namespace_name(namespaceId));
}
/*
* look up the access method, verify it can handle the requested
* features
*/
tuple = SearchSysCache(AMNAME,
PointerGetDatum(accessMethodName),
0, 0, 0);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: access method \"%s\" not found",
accessMethodName);
accessMethodId = HeapTupleGetOid(tuple);
accessMethodForm = (Form_pg_am) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
if (unique && !accessMethodForm->amcanunique)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: access method \"%s\" does not support UNIQUE indexes",
accessMethodName);
if (numberOfAttributes > 1 && !accessMethodForm->amcanmulticol)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: access method \"%s\" does not support multi-column indexes",
accessMethodName);
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
/*
* Convert the partial-index predicate from parsetree form to an
* implicit-AND qual expression, for easier evaluation at runtime.
* While we are at it, we reduce it to a canonical (CNF or DNF) form
* to simplify the task of proving implications.
*/
if (predicate != NULL && rangetable != NIL)
{
cnfPred = canonicalize_qual((Expr *) copyObject(predicate), true);
fix_opids((Node *) cnfPred);
CheckPredicate(cnfPred, rangetable, relationId);
}
/*
* Prepare arguments for index_create, primarily an IndexInfo
* structure
*/
indexInfo = makeNode(IndexInfo);
indexInfo->ii_Predicate = cnfPred;
indexInfo->ii_FuncOid = InvalidOid;
indexInfo->ii_Unique = unique;
if (IsFuncIndex(attributeList))
{
IndexElem *funcIndex = (IndexElem *) lfirst(attributeList);
int nargs;
/* Parser should have given us only one list item, but check */
if (numberOfAttributes != 1)
elog(ERROR, "Functional index can only have one attribute");
nargs = length(funcIndex->args);
if (nargs > INDEX_MAX_KEYS)
elog(ERROR, "Index function can take at most %d arguments",
INDEX_MAX_KEYS);
indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs = 1;
indexInfo->ii_NumKeyAttrs = nargs;
classObjectId = (Oid *) palloc(sizeof(Oid));
FuncIndexArgs(indexInfo, classObjectId, funcIndex,
relationId, accessMethodName, accessMethodId);
}
else
{
indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs = numberOfAttributes;
indexInfo->ii_NumKeyAttrs = numberOfAttributes;
classObjectId = (Oid *) palloc(numberOfAttributes * sizeof(Oid));
NormIndexAttrs(indexInfo, classObjectId, attributeList,
relationId, accessMethodName, accessMethodId);
}
index_create(relationId, indexRelationName,
indexInfo, accessMethodId, classObjectId,
primary, isconstraint, allowSystemTableMods);
/*
* We update the relation's pg_class tuple even if it already has
* relhasindex = true. This is needed to cause a shared-cache-inval
* message to be sent for the pg_class tuple, which will cause other
* backends to flush their relcache entries and in particular their
* cached lists of the indexes for this relation.
*/
setRelhasindex(relationId, true, primary, InvalidOid);
}
/*
* CheckPredicate
* Checks that the given list of partial-index predicates refer
* (via the given range table) only to the given base relation oid.
*
* This used to also constrain the form of the predicate to forms that
* indxpath.c could do something with. However, that seems overly
* restrictive. One useful application of partial indexes is to apply
* a UNIQUE constraint across a subset of a table, and in that scenario
* any evaluatable predicate will work. So accept any predicate here
* (except ones requiring a plan), and let indxpath.c fend for itself.
*/
static void
CheckPredicate(List *predList, List *rangeTable, Oid baseRelOid)
{
if (length(rangeTable) != 1 || getrelid(1, rangeTable) != baseRelOid)
elog(ERROR,
"Partial-index predicates may refer only to the base relation");
/*
* We don't currently support generation of an actual query plan for a
* predicate, only simple scalar expressions; hence these
* restrictions.
*/
if (contain_subplans((Node *) predList))
elog(ERROR, "Cannot use subselect in index predicate");
if (contain_agg_clause((Node *) predList))
elog(ERROR, "Cannot use aggregate in index predicate");
/*
* A predicate using mutable functions is probably wrong, for the
* same reasons that we don't allow a functional index to use one.
*/
if (contain_mutable_functions((Node *) predList))
elog(ERROR, "Functions in index predicate must be marked isImmutable");
}
static void
FuncIndexArgs(IndexInfo *indexInfo,
Oid *classOidP,
IndexElem *funcIndex,
Oid relId,
char *accessMethodName,
Oid accessMethodId)
{
Oid argTypes[FUNC_MAX_ARGS];
List *arglist;
int nargs = 0;
int i;
FuncDetailCode fdresult;
Oid funcid;
Oid rettype;
bool retset;
Oid *true_typeids;
/*
* process the function arguments, which are a list of T_String
* (someday ought to allow more general expressions?)
*
* Note caller already checked that list is not too long.
*/
MemSet(argTypes, 0, sizeof(argTypes));
foreach(arglist, funcIndex->args)
{
char *arg = strVal(lfirst(arglist));
HeapTuple tuple;
Form_pg_attribute att;
tuple = SearchSysCacheAttName(relId, arg);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: attribute \"%s\" not found", arg);
att = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
indexInfo->ii_KeyAttrNumbers[nargs] = att->attnum;
argTypes[nargs] = att->atttypid;
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
nargs++;
}
/*
* Lookup the function procedure to get its OID and result type.
*
* We rely on parse_func.c to find the correct function in the possible
* presence of binary-compatible types. However, parse_func may do
* too much: it will accept a function that requires run-time coercion
* of input types, and the executor is not currently set up to support
* that. So, check to make sure that the selected function has
* exact-match or binary-compatible input types.
*/
fdresult = func_get_detail(funcIndex->funcname, funcIndex->args,
nargs, argTypes,
&funcid, &rettype, &retset,
&true_typeids);
if (fdresult != FUNCDETAIL_NORMAL)
{
if (fdresult == FUNCDETAIL_AGGREGATE)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: functional index may not use an aggregate function");
else if (fdresult == FUNCDETAIL_COERCION)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: functional index must use a real function, not a type coercion"
"\n\tTry specifying the index opclass you want to use, instead");
else
func_error("DefineIndex", funcIndex->funcname, nargs, argTypes,
NULL);
}
if (retset)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: cannot index on a function returning a set");
for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++)
{
if (!IsBinaryCompatible(argTypes[i], true_typeids[i]))
func_error("DefineIndex", funcIndex->funcname, nargs, argTypes,
"Index function must be binary-compatible with table datatype");
}
/*
* Require that the function be marked immutable. Using a mutable
* function for a functional index is highly questionable, since if
* you aren't going to get the same result for the same data every
* time, it's not clear what the index entries mean at all.
*/
if (func_volatile(funcid) != PROVOLATILE_IMMUTABLE)
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: index function must be marked isImmutable");
/* Process opclass, using func return type as default type */
classOidP[0] = GetAttrOpClass(funcIndex, rettype,
accessMethodName, accessMethodId);
/* OK, return results */
indexInfo->ii_FuncOid = funcid;
/* Need to do the fmgr function lookup now, too */
fmgr_info(funcid, &indexInfo->ii_FuncInfo);
}
static void
NormIndexAttrs(IndexInfo *indexInfo,
Oid *classOidP,
List *attList, /* list of IndexElem's */
Oid relId,
char *accessMethodName,
Oid accessMethodId)
{
List *rest;
int attn = 0;
/*
* process attributeList
*/
foreach(rest, attList)
{
IndexElem *attribute = (IndexElem *) lfirst(rest);
HeapTuple atttuple;
Form_pg_attribute attform;
if (attribute->name == NULL)
elog(ERROR, "missing attribute for define index");
atttuple = SearchSysCacheAttName(relId, attribute->name);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(atttuple))
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: attribute \"%s\" not found",
attribute->name);
attform = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(atttuple);
indexInfo->ii_KeyAttrNumbers[attn] = attform->attnum;
classOidP[attn] = GetAttrOpClass(attribute, attform->atttypid,
accessMethodName, accessMethodId);
ReleaseSysCache(atttuple);
attn++;
}
}
static Oid
GetAttrOpClass(IndexElem *attribute, Oid attrType,
char *accessMethodName, Oid accessMethodId)
{
char *schemaname;
char *opcname;
HeapTuple tuple;
Oid opClassId,
opInputType;
if (attribute->opclass == NIL)
{
/* no operator class specified, so find the default */
opClassId = GetDefaultOpClass(attrType, accessMethodId);
if (!OidIsValid(opClassId))
elog(ERROR, "data type %s has no default operator class for access method \"%s\""
"\n\tYou must specify an operator class for the index or define a"
"\n\tdefault operator class for the data type",
format_type_be(attrType), accessMethodName);
return opClassId;
}
/*
* Specific opclass name given, so look up the opclass.
*/
/* deconstruct the name list */
DeconstructQualifiedName(attribute->opclass, &schemaname, &opcname);
if (schemaname)
{
/* Look in specific schema only */
Oid namespaceId;
namespaceId = LookupExplicitNamespace(schemaname);
tuple = SearchSysCache(CLAAMNAMENSP,
ObjectIdGetDatum(accessMethodId),
PointerGetDatum(opcname),
ObjectIdGetDatum(namespaceId),
0);
}
else
{
/* Unqualified opclass name, so search the search path */
opClassId = OpclassnameGetOpcid(accessMethodId, opcname);
if (!OidIsValid(opClassId))
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: operator class \"%s\" not supported by access method \"%s\"",
opcname, accessMethodName);
tuple = SearchSysCache(CLAOID,
ObjectIdGetDatum(opClassId),
0, 0, 0);
}
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "DefineIndex: operator class \"%s\" not supported by access method \"%s\"",
NameListToString(attribute->opclass), accessMethodName);
/*
* Verify that the index operator class accepts this
* datatype. Note we will accept binary compatibility.
*/
opClassId = HeapTupleGetOid(tuple);
opInputType = ((Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->opcintype;
if (!IsBinaryCompatible(attrType, opInputType))
elog(ERROR, "operator class \"%s\" does not accept data type %s",
NameListToString(attribute->opclass), format_type_be(attrType));
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
return opClassId;
}
static Oid
GetDefaultOpClass(Oid attrType, Oid accessMethodId)
{
OpclassCandidateList opclass;
int nexact = 0;
int ncompatible = 0;
Oid exactOid = InvalidOid;
Oid compatibleOid = InvalidOid;
/* If it's a domain, look at the base type instead */
attrType = getBaseType(attrType);
/*
* We scan through all the opclasses available for the access method,
* looking for one that is marked default and matches the target type
* (either exactly or binary-compatibly, but prefer an exact match).
*
* We could find more than one binary-compatible match, in which case we
* require the user to specify which one he wants. If we find more
* than one exact match, then someone put bogus entries in pg_opclass.
*
* The initial search is done by namespace.c so that we only consider
* opclasses visible in the current namespace search path.
*/
for (opclass = OpclassGetCandidates(accessMethodId);
opclass != NULL;
opclass = opclass->next)
{
if (opclass->opcdefault)
{
if (opclass->opcintype == attrType)
{
nexact++;
exactOid = opclass->oid;
}
else if (IsBinaryCompatible(opclass->opcintype, attrType))
{
ncompatible++;
compatibleOid = opclass->oid;
}
}
}
if (nexact == 1)
return exactOid;
if (nexact != 0)
elog(ERROR, "pg_opclass contains multiple default opclasses for data type %s",
format_type_be(attrType));
if (ncompatible == 1)
return compatibleOid;
return InvalidOid;
}
/*
* RemoveIndex
* Deletes an index.
*/
void
RemoveIndex(RangeVar *relation, DropBehavior behavior)
{
Oid indOid;
HeapTuple tuple;
ObjectAddress object;
indOid = RangeVarGetRelid(relation, false);
tuple = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
ObjectIdGetDatum(indOid),
0, 0, 0);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "index \"%s\" does not exist", relation->relname);
if (((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
elog(ERROR, "relation \"%s\" is of type \"%c\"",
relation->relname, ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind);
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
object.classId = RelOid_pg_class;
object.objectId = indOid;
object.objectSubId = 0;
performDeletion(&object, behavior);
}
/*
* ReindexIndex
* Recreate an index.
*/
void
ReindexIndex(RangeVar *indexRelation, bool force /* currently unused */ )
{
Oid indOid;
HeapTuple tuple;
bool overwrite = false;
/*
* REINDEX within a transaction block is dangerous, because if the
* transaction is later rolled back we have no way to undo truncation
* of the index's physical file. Disallow it.
*/
if (IsTransactionBlock())
elog(ERROR, "REINDEX cannot run inside a BEGIN/END block");
indOid = RangeVarGetRelid(indexRelation, false);
tuple = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
ObjectIdGetDatum(indOid),
0, 0, 0);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "index \"%s\" does not exist", indexRelation->relname);
if (((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
elog(ERROR, "relation \"%s\" is of type \"%c\"",
indexRelation->relname,
((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind);
if (IsSystemClass((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple)) &&
!IsToastClass((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple)))
{
if (!allowSystemTableMods)
elog(ERROR, "\"%s\" is a system index. call REINDEX under standalone postgres with -O -P options",
indexRelation->relname);
if (!IsIgnoringSystemIndexes())
elog(ERROR, "\"%s\" is a system index. call REINDEX under standalone postgres with -P -O options",
indexRelation->relname);
}
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
if (IsIgnoringSystemIndexes())
overwrite = true;
if (!reindex_index(indOid, force, overwrite))
elog(WARNING, "index \"%s\" wasn't reindexed", indexRelation->relname);
}
/*
* ReindexTable
* Recreate indexes of a table.
*/
void
ReindexTable(RangeVar *relation, bool force)
{
Oid heapOid;
HeapTuple tuple;
char relkind;
/*
* REINDEX within a transaction block is dangerous, because if the
* transaction is later rolled back we have no way to undo truncation
* of the index's physical file. Disallow it.
*/
if (IsTransactionBlock())
elog(ERROR, "REINDEX cannot run inside a BEGIN/END block");
heapOid = RangeVarGetRelid(relation, false);
tuple = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
ObjectIdGetDatum(heapOid),
0, 0, 0);
if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
elog(ERROR, "table \"%s\" does not exist", relation->relname);
relkind = ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind;
if (relkind != RELKIND_RELATION && relkind != RELKIND_TOASTVALUE)
elog(ERROR, "relation \"%s\" is of type \"%c\"",
relation->relname, relkind);
ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
if (!reindex_relation(heapOid, force))
elog(WARNING, "table \"%s\" wasn't reindexed", relation->relname);
}
/*
* ReindexDatabase
* Recreate indexes of a database.
*/
void
ReindexDatabase(const char *dbname, bool force, bool all)
{
Relation relationRelation;
HeapScanDesc scan;
HeapTuple tuple;
MemoryContext private_context;
MemoryContext old;
int relcnt,
relalc,
i,
oncealc = 200;
Oid *relids = (Oid *) NULL;
AssertArg(dbname);
if (strcmp(dbname, DatabaseName) != 0)
elog(ERROR, "REINDEX DATABASE: Can be executed only on the currently open database.");
if (!(superuser() || is_dbadmin(MyDatabaseId)))
elog(ERROR, "REINDEX DATABASE: Permission denied.");
if (!allowSystemTableMods)
elog(ERROR, "must be called under standalone postgres with -O -P options");
if (!IsIgnoringSystemIndexes())
elog(ERROR, "must be called under standalone postgres with -P -O options");
/*
* We cannot run inside a user transaction block; if we were inside a
* transaction, then our commit- and start-transaction-command calls
* would not have the intended effect!
*/
if (IsTransactionBlock())
elog(ERROR, "REINDEX DATABASE cannot run inside a BEGIN/END block");
/*
* Create a memory context that will survive forced transaction
* commits we do below. Since it is a child of QueryContext, it will
* go away eventually even if we suffer an error; there's no need for
* special abort cleanup logic.
*/
private_context = AllocSetContextCreate(QueryContext,
"ReindexDatabase",
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MINSIZE,
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_INITSIZE,
ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE);
/*
* Scan pg_class to build a list of the relations we need to reindex.
*/
relationRelation = heap_openr(RelationRelationName, AccessShareLock);
scan = heap_beginscan(relationRelation, SnapshotNow, 0, NULL);
relcnt = relalc = 0;
while ((tuple = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
{
char relkind;
if (!all)
{
if (!(IsSystemClass((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple)) &&
!IsToastClass((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))))
continue;
}
relkind = ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->relkind;
if (relkind == RELKIND_RELATION || relkind == RELKIND_TOASTVALUE)
{
old = MemoryContextSwitchTo(private_context);
if (relcnt == 0)
{
relalc = oncealc;
relids = palloc(sizeof(Oid) * relalc);
}
else if (relcnt >= relalc)
{
relalc *= 2;
relids = repalloc(relids, sizeof(Oid) * relalc);
}
MemoryContextSwitchTo(old);
relids[relcnt] = HeapTupleGetOid(tuple);
relcnt++;
}
}
heap_endscan(scan);
heap_close(relationRelation, AccessShareLock);
/* Now reindex each rel in a separate transaction */
CommitTransactionCommand(true);
for (i = 0; i < relcnt; i++)
{
StartTransactionCommand(true);
if (reindex_relation(relids[i], force))
elog(NOTICE, "relation %u was reindexed", relids[i]);
CommitTransactionCommand(true);
}
/* Tell xact.c not to chain the upcoming commit */
StartTransactionCommand(true);
MemoryContextDelete(private_context);
}
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