[RT #36079] Convert ` to '.

11 files changed, 50 insertions, 50 deletions

diff --git a/dist/Cwd/Cwd.xs b/dist/Cwd/Cwd.xs
index d55c318073..539311662c 100644
--- a/dist/Cwd/Cwd.xs
+++ b/dist/Cwd/Cwd.xs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
  *    permission.
  *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
@@ -96,11 +96,11 @@ bsd_realpath(const char *path, char resolved[MAXPATHLEN])
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Iterate over path components in `left'.
+	 * Iterate over path components in 'left'.
 	 */
 	while (left_len != 0) {
 		/*
-		 * Extract the next path component and adjust `left'
+		 * Extract the next path component and adjust 'left'
 		 * and its length.
 		 */
 		p = strchr(left, '/');
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ bsd_realpath(const char *path, char resolved[MAXPATHLEN])
 	/*
 				 * If there are any path components left, then
 				 * append them to symlink. The result is placed
-				 * in `left'.
+				 * in 'left'.
 	 */
 				if (p != NULL) {
 					if (symlink[slen - 1] != '/') {
diff --git a/dist/Cwd/t/rel2abs2rel.t b/dist/Cwd/t/rel2abs2rel.t
index 0959d574b9..0d684f195c 100644
--- a/dist/Cwd/t/rel2abs2rel.t
+++ b/dist/Cwd/t/rel2abs2rel.t
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ sub sayok{
 print "# Checking manipulations of \$^X=$^X\n";
 
 my $perl = safe_rel($^X);
-is( sayok($perl), "ok\n",   "`$perl rel2abs2rel$$.pl` works" );
+is( sayok($perl), "ok\n",   "'$perl rel2abs2rel$$.pl' works" );
 
 $perl = File::Spec->rel2abs($^X);
-is( sayok($perl), "ok\n",   "`$perl rel2abs2rel$$.pl` works" );
+is( sayok($perl), "ok\n",   "'$perl rel2abs2rel$$.pl' works" );
 
 $perl = File::Spec->canonpath($perl);
 is( sayok($perl), "ok\n",   "canonpath(rel2abs($^X)) = $perl" );
diff --git a/dist/Dumpvalue/lib/Dumpvalue.pm b/dist/Dumpvalue/lib/Dumpvalue.pm
index f3cde0b896..f5c39fff81 100644
--- a/dist/Dumpvalue/lib/Dumpvalue.pm
+++ b/dist/Dumpvalue/lib/Dumpvalue.pm
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ our(%address, $stab, @stab, %stab, %subs);
 # (IZ) changes for objectification:
 #   c) quote() renamed to method set_quote();
 #   d) unctrlSet() renamed to method set_unctrl();
-#   f) Compiles with `use strict', but in two places no strict refs is needed:
+#   f) Compiles with 'use strict', but in two places no strict refs is needed:
 #      maybe more problems are waiting...
 
 my %defaults = (
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ sub set_unctrl {
     if ($in eq 'unctrl' or $in eq 'quote') {
       $self->{unctrl} = $in;
     } else {
-      print "Unknown value for `unctrl'.\n";
+      print "Unknown value for 'unctrl'.\n";
     }
   }
   $self->{unctrl};
diff --git a/dist/ExtUtils-CBuilder/lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/os2.pm b/dist/ExtUtils-CBuilder/lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/os2.pm
index 828a957168..6dc932c7bb 100644
--- a/dist/ExtUtils-CBuilder/lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/os2.pm
+++ b/dist/ExtUtils-CBuilder/lib/ExtUtils/CBuilder/Platform/os2.pm
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ sub extra_link_args_after_prelink {
   my ($self, %args) = @_;
 
   my @DEF = grep /\.def$/i, @{$args{prelink_res}};
-  die "More than one .def files created by `prelink' stage" if @DEF > 1;
+  die "More than one .def files created by 'prelink' stage" if @DEF > 1;
   # XXXX No "$how" argument here, so how to test for dynamic link?
-  die "No .def file created by `prelink' stage"
+  die "No .def file created by 'prelink' stage"
     unless @DEF or not @{$args{prelink_res}};
 
   my @after_libs = ($OS2::is_aout ? ()
diff --git a/dist/ExtUtils-Install/Changes b/dist/ExtUtils-Install/Changes
index 2fc02bbf83..30bbbe1eda 100644
--- a/dist/ExtUtils-Install/Changes
+++ b/dist/ExtUtils-Install/Changes
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ This means that you can make .svn directories be ignored on install.
 
 - Integrated patch from Randy Sims.
 
-    1. Fixes error during `perl Makefile.PL` because it MakeMaker can't
+    1. Fixes error during 'perl Makefile.PL' because it MakeMaker can't
     find the NAME section describing DISTNAME (which has the 'ex-'
     prefix).
 
diff --git a/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/ParseXS.pm b/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/ParseXS.pm
index 7d1f9b7052..d743097042 100644
--- a/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/ParseXS.pm
+++ b/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/ParseXS.pm
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ EOM
           if ($len_name =~ /^length\( \s* (\w+) \s* \)\z/x) {
             $len_name = "XSauto_length_of_$1";
             $islength = 1;
-            die "Default value on length() argument: `$_'"
+            die "Default value on length() argument: '$_'"
               if length $default;
           }
           if (length $pre or $islength) { # Has a type
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ EOF
 
     #gcc -Wall: if an xsub has PPCODE is used
     #it is possible none of ST, XSRETURN or XSprePUSH macros are used
-    #hence `ax' (setup by dXSARGS) is unused
+    #hence 'ax' (setup by dXSARGS) is unused
     #XXX: could breakup the dXSARGS; into dSP;dMARK;dITEMS
     #but such a move could break third-party extensions
     print Q(<<"EOF") if $PPCODE;
@@ -781,13 +781,13 @@ EOF
 #    ENDHANDLERS
 EOF
       if ($self->check_keyword("CASE")) {
-        $self->blurt("Error: No `CASE:' at top of function")
+        $self->blurt("Error: No 'CASE:' at top of function")
           unless $self->{condnum};
         $_ = "CASE: $_";    # Restore CASE: label
         next;
       }
       last if $_ eq "$END:";
-      $self->death(/^$self->{BLOCK_re}/o ? "Misplaced `$1:'" : "Junk at end of function ($_)");
+      $self->death(/^$self->{BLOCK_re}/o ? "Misplaced '$1:'" : "Junk at end of function ($_)");
     }
 
     print Q(<<"EOF") if $self->{except};
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ EOF
   #file name argument. If the wrong qualifier is used, it causes breakage with
   #C++ compilers and warnings with recent gcc.
   #-Wall: if there is no $Full_func_name there are no xsubs in this .xs
-  #so `file' is unused
+  #so 'file' is unused
   print Q(<<"EOF") if $Full_func_name;
 ##if (PERL_REVISION == 5 && PERL_VERSION < 9)
 #    char* file = __FILE__;
@@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ sub process_keyword {
 sub CASE_handler {
   my $self = shift;
   $_ = shift;
-  $self->blurt("Error: `CASE:' after unconditional `CASE:'")
+  $self->blurt("Error: 'CASE:' after unconditional 'CASE:'")
     if $self->{condnum} && $self->{cond} eq '';
   $self->{cond} = $_;
   trim_whitespace($self->{cond});
@@ -1670,7 +1670,7 @@ sub fetch_para {
   my $self = shift;
 
   # parse paragraph
-  $self->death("Error: Unterminated `#if/#ifdef/#ifndef'")
+  $self->death("Error: Unterminated '#if/#ifdef/#ifndef'")
     if !defined $self->{lastline} && $self->{XSStack}->[-1]{type} eq 'if';
   @{ $self->{line} } = ();
   @{ $self->{line_no} } = ();
diff --git a/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp b/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp
index 7a82550e2a..fa0cd50426 100644
--- a/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp
+++ b/dist/ExtUtils-ParseXS/lib/ExtUtils/xsubpp
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ number.
 
 =item B<-nolinenumbers>
 
-Prevents the inclusion of `#line' directives in the output.
+Prevents the inclusion of '#line' directives in the output.
 
 =item B<-nooptimize>
 
diff --git a/dist/IO/lib/IO/Dir.pm b/dist/IO/lib/IO/Dir.pm
index 74d0778466..3486532ce3 100644
--- a/dist/IO/lib/IO/Dir.pm
+++ b/dist/IO/lib/IO/Dir.pm
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ argument which,  if given, C<new> will pass to C<open>
 =back
 
 The following methods are wrappers for the directory related functions built
-into perl (the trailing `dir' has been removed from the names). See L<perlfunc>
+into perl (the trailing 'dir' has been removed from the names). See L<perlfunc>
 for details of these functions.
 
 =over 4
diff --git a/dist/Pod-Perldoc/lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm b/dist/Pod-Perldoc/lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm
index cdfea459ad..8503a66e0f 100644
--- a/dist/Pod-Perldoc/lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm
+++ b/dist/Pod-Perldoc/lib/Pod/Perldoc.pm
@@ -271,13 +271,13 @@ Options:
 PageName|ModuleName|ProgramName|URL...
          is the name of a piece of documentation that you want to look at. You
          may either give a descriptive name of the page (as in the case of
-         `perlfunc') the name of a module, either like `Term::Info' or like
-         `Term/Info', or the name of a program, like `perldoc', or a URL 
+         'perlfunc') the name of a module, either like 'Term::Info' or like
+         'Term/Info', or the name of a program, like 'perldoc', or a URL 
          starting with http(s). 
 
 BuiltinFunction
          is the name of a perl function.  Will extract documentation from
-         `perlfunc'.
+         'perlfunc'.
 
 FAQRegex
          is a regex. Will search perlfaq[1-9] for and extract any
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ sub formatter_sanity_check {
     die
        "When using Perldoc to format with $formatter_class, you have to\n"
      . "specify -T or -dsomefile$ext\n"
-     . "See `$me perldoc' for more information on those switches.\n"
+     . "See '$me perldoc' for more information on those switches.\n"
     ;
   }
 }
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ sub search_perlfunc {
     open(PFUNC, "<", $perlfunc)               # "Funk is its own reward"
         or die("Can't open $perlfunc: $!");
 
-    # Functions like -r, -e, etc. are listed under `-X'.
+    # Functions like -r, -e, etc. are listed under '-X'.
     my $search_re = ($self->opt_f =~ /^-[rwxoRWXOeszfdlpSbctugkTBMAC]$/)
                         ? '(?:I<)?-X' : quotemeta($self->opt_f) ;
 
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ sub search_perlfunc {
     }
     if (!@$pod) {
         die sprintf
-          "No documentation for perl function `%s' found\n",
+          "No documentation for perl function '%s' found\n",
           $self->opt_f
         ;
     }
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ EOD
         }
         close(INFAQ);
     }
-    die("No documentation for perl FAQ keyword `$search_key' found\n")
+    die("No documentation for perl FAQ keyword '$search_key' found\n")
      unless @$pod;
 
     return;
diff --git a/dist/Storable/Storable.xs b/dist/Storable/Storable.xs
index 38e266db89..ca6f9b48ec 100644
--- a/dist/Storable/Storable.xs
+++ b/dist/Storable/Storable.xs
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ static const char byteorderstr_56[] = {BYTEORDER_BYTES_56, 0};
   } STMT_END
 
 /*
- * Bless `s' in `p', via a temporary reference, required by sv_bless().
+ * Bless 's' in 'p', via a temporary reference, required by sv_bless().
  * "A" magic is added before the sv_bless for overloaded classes, this avoids
  * an expensive call to S_reset_amagic in sv_bless.
  */
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ static void init_store_context(
 	cxt->entry = 1;					/* No recursion yet */
 
 	/*
-	 * The `hseen' table is used to keep track of each SV stored and their
+	 * The 'hseen' table is used to keep track of each SV stored and their
 	 * associated tag numbers is special. It is "abused" because the
 	 * values stored are not real SV, just integers cast to (SV *),
 	 * which explains the freeing below.
@@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@ static void init_store_context(
 #endif
 
 	/*
-	 * The `hclass' hash uses the same settings as `hseen' above, but it is
+	 * The 'hclass' hash uses the same settings as 'hseen' above, but it is
 	 * used to assign sequential tags (numbers) to class names for blessed
 	 * objects.
 	 *
@@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@ static void init_store_context(
 #endif
 
 	/*
-	 * The `hook' hash table is used to keep track of the references on
+	 * The 'hook' hash table is used to keep track of the references on
 	 * the STORABLE_freeze hook routines, when found in some class name.
 	 *
 	 * It is assumed that the inheritance tree will not be changed during
@@ -1302,7 +1302,7 @@ static void init_store_context(
 	cxt->hook = newHV();			/* Table where hooks are cached */
 
 	/*
-	 * The `hook_seen' array keeps track of all the SVs returned by
+	 * The 'hook_seen' array keeps track of all the SVs returned by
 	 * STORABLE_freeze hooks for us to serialize, so that they are not
 	 * reclaimed until the end of the serialization process.  Each SV is
 	 * only stored once, the first time it is seen.
@@ -1722,7 +1722,7 @@ static SV *pkg_can(
 	 * Look into the cache to see whether we already have determined
 	 * where the routine was, if any.
 	 *
-	 * NOTA BENE: we don't use `method' at all in our lookup, since we know
+	 * NOTA BENE: we don't use 'method' at all in our lookup, since we know
 	 * that only one hook (i.e. always the same) is cached in a given cache.
 	 */
 
@@ -1847,8 +1847,8 @@ static AV *array_call(
 /*
  * known_class
  *
- * Lookup the class name in the `hclass' table and either assign it a new ID
- * or return the existing one, by filling in `classnum'.
+ * Lookup the class name in the 'hclass' table and either assign it a new ID
+ * or return the existing one, by filling in 'classnum'.
  *
  * Return true if the class was known, false if the ID was just generated.
  */
@@ -2875,7 +2875,7 @@ static int store_hook(
 		 * Signal the tie-ing magic by setting the object type as SHT_EXTRA
 		 * (since we have only 2 bits in <flags> to store the type), and an
 		 * <extra> byte flag will be emitted after the FIRST <flags> in the
-		 * stream, carrying what we put in `eflags'.
+		 * stream, carrying what we put in 'eflags'.
 		 */
 		obj_type = SHT_EXTRA;
 		switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
@@ -2907,7 +2907,7 @@ static int store_hook(
 	 *    $object->STORABLE_freeze($cloning);
 	 *
 	 * but we don't have the $object here.  For instance, if $object is
-	 * a blessed array, what we have in `sv' is the array, and we can't
+	 * a blessed array, what we have in 'sv' is the array, and we can't
 	 * call a method on those.
 	 *
 	 * Therefore, we need to create a temporary reference to the object and
@@ -3048,7 +3048,7 @@ static int store_hook(
 			CROAK(("Could not serialize item #%d from hook in %s", i, classname));
 #endif
 		/*
-		 * It was the first time we serialized `xsv'.
+		 * It was the first time we serialized 'xsv'.
 		 *
 		 * Keep this SV alive until the end of the serialization: if we
 		 * disposed of it right now by decrementing its refcount, and it was
@@ -3064,7 +3064,7 @@ static int store_hook(
 
 	sv_seen:
 		/*
-		 * Dispose of the REF they returned.  If we saved the `xsv' away
+		 * Dispose of the REF they returned.  If we saved the 'xsv' away
 		 * in the array of returned SVs, that will not cause the underlying
 		 * referenced SV to be reclaimed.
 		 */
@@ -3332,7 +3332,7 @@ static int store_blessed(
  * We don't know how to store the item we reached, so return an error condition.
  * (it's probably a GLOB, some CODE reference, etc...)
  *
- * If they defined the `forgive_me' variable at the Perl level to some
+ * If they defined the 'forgive_me' variable at the Perl level to some
  * true value, then don't croak, just warn, and store a placeholder string
  * instead.
  */
@@ -3551,7 +3551,7 @@ static int store(pTHX_ stcxt_t *cxt, SV *sv)
 #endif
 
 	/*
-	 * Store `sv' and everything beneath it, using appropriate routine.
+	 * Store 'sv' and everything beneath it, using appropriate routine.
 	 * Abort immediately if we get a non-zero status back.
 	 */
 
@@ -3676,9 +3676,9 @@ static int magic_write(pTHX_ stcxt_t *cxt)
  * Common code for store operations.
  *
  * When memory store is requested (f = NULL) and a non null SV* is given in
- * `res', it is filled with a new SV created out of the memory buffer.
+ * 'res', it is filled with a new SV created out of the memory buffer.
  *
- * It is required to provide a non-null `res' when the operation type is not
+ * It is required to provide a non-null 'res' when the operation type is not
  * dclone() and store() is performed to memory.
  */
 static int do_store(
@@ -3861,7 +3861,7 @@ static SV *retrieve_idx_blessed(pTHX_ stcxt_t *cxt, const char *cname)
 		RLEN(idx);
 
 	/*
-	 * Fetch classname in `aclass'
+	 * Fetch classname in 'aclass'
 	 */
 
 	sva = av_fetch(cxt->aclass, idx, FALSE);
@@ -4062,7 +4062,7 @@ static SV *retrieve_hook(pTHX_ stcxt_t *cxt, const char *cname)
 		I32 idx;
 
 		/*
-		 * Fetch index from `aclass'
+		 * Fetch index from 'aclass'
 		 */
 
 		if (flags & SHF_LARGE_CLASSLEN)
@@ -4250,7 +4250,7 @@ static SV *retrieve_hook(pTHX_ stcxt_t *cxt, const char *cname)
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * If we don't have an `av' yet, prepare one.
+	 * If we don't have an 'av' yet, prepare one.
 	 * Then insert the frozen string as item [0].
 	 */
 
@@ -5974,7 +5974,7 @@ static SV *do_retrieve(
 	/*
 	 * Prepare context.
 	 *
-	 * Data is loaded into the memory buffer when f is NULL, unless `in' is
+	 * Data is loaded into the memory buffer when f is NULL, unless 'in' is
 	 * also NULL, in which case we're expecting the data to already lie
 	 * in the buffer (dclone case).
 	 */
@@ -6043,7 +6043,7 @@ static SV *do_retrieve(
 	 * Check whether input source is tainted, so that we don't wrongly
 	 * taint perfectly good values...
 	 *
-	 * We assume file input is always tainted.  If both `f' and `in' are
+	 * We assume file input is always tainted.  If both 'f' and 'in' are
 	 * NULL, then we come from dclone, and tainted is already filled in
 	 * the context.  That's a kludge, but the whole dclone() thing is
 	 * already quite a kludge anyway! -- RAM, 15/09/2000.
@@ -6233,7 +6233,7 @@ static SV *dclone(pTHX_ SV *sv)
 	cxt = real_context;					/* And we need this temporary... */
 
 	/*
-	 * Now, `cxt' may refer to a new context.
+	 * Now, 'cxt' may refer to a new context.
 	 */
 
 	ASSERT(!cxt->s_dirty, ("clean context"));
diff --git a/dist/if/if.pm b/dist/if/if.pm
index d321cd6157..c04ac6bd8f 100644
--- a/dist/if/if.pm
+++ b/dist/if/if.pm
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ $VERSION = '0.0601';
 
 sub work {
   my $method = shift() ? 'import' : 'unimport';
-  die "Too few arguments to `use if' (some code returning an empty list in list context?)"
+  die "Too few arguments to 'use if' (some code returning an empty list in list context?)"
     unless @_ >= 2;
   return unless shift;		# CONDITION