Add support for policy types, 'erasure_coding' policy

This patch extends the StoragePolicy class for non-replication storage
policies, the first one being "erasure coding".

Changes:

 - Add 'policy_type' support to BaseStoragePolicy class
 - Disallow direct instantiation of BaseStoragePolicy class

 - Subclass BaseStoragePolicy

   - "StoragePolicy":
     . Replication policy, default
     . policy_type = 'replication'

   - "ECStoragePolicy":
     . Erasure Coding policy
     . policy_type = 'erasure_coding'
     . Private member variables
       ec_type (EC backend),
       ec_num_data_fragments (number of fragments original
         data split into after erasure coding operation),
       ec_num_parity_fragments (number of parity fragments
       generated during erasure coding)
     . Private methods
       EC specific attributes and ring validator methods.

 - Swift will use PyECLib, a Python Erasure Coding library, for
   erasure coding operations. PyECLib is already an approved
   OpenStack core requirement.
   (https://bitbucket.org/kmgreen2/pyeclib/)

 - Add test cases for
   - 'policy_type' StoragePolicy member
   - policy_type == 'erasure_coding'

DocImpact

Co-Authored-By: Alistair Coles <alistair.coles@hp.com>
Co-Authored-By: Thiago da Silva <thiago@redhat.com>
Co-Authored-By: Clay Gerrard <clay.gerrard@gmail.com>
Co-Authored-By: Paul Luse <paul.e.luse@intel.com>
Co-Authored-By: Samuel Merritt <sam@swiftstack.com>
Co-Authored-By: Christian Schwede <christian.schwede@enovance.com>
Co-Authored-By: Yuan Zhou <yuan.zhou@intel.com>
Change-Id: Ie0e09796e3ec45d3e656fb7540d0e5a5709b8386
Implements: blueprint ec-proxy-work

8 files changed, 779 insertions, 104 deletions

diff --git a/etc/swift.conf-sample b/etc/swift.conf-sample
index fac17676c..872681401 100644
--- a/etc/swift.conf-sample
+++ b/etc/swift.conf-sample
@@ -22,9 +22,13 @@ swift_hash_path_prefix = changeme
 # defined you must define a policy with index 0 and you must specify a
 # default.  It is recommended you always define a section for
 # storage-policy:0.
+#
+# A 'policy_type' argument is also supported but is not mandatory.  Default
+# policy type 'replication' is used when 'policy_type' is unspecified.
 [storage-policy:0]
 name = Policy-0
 default = yes
+#policy_type = replication
 
 # the following section would declare a policy called 'silver', the number of
 # replicas will be determined by how the ring is built.  In this example the
@@ -39,9 +43,45 @@ default = yes
 # current default.
 #[storage-policy:1]
 #name = silver
+#policy_type = replication
+
+# The following declares a storage policy of type 'erasure_coding' which uses
+# Erasure Coding for data reliability.  The 'erasure_coding' storage policy in
+# Swift is available as a "beta".  Please refer to Swift documentation for
+# details on how the 'erasure_coding' storage policy is implemented.
+#
+# Swift uses PyECLib, a Python Erasure coding API library, for encode/decode
+# operations.  Please refer to Swift documentation for details on how to
+# install PyECLib.
+#
+# When defining an EC policy, 'policy_type' needs to be 'erasure_coding' and
+# EC configuration parameters 'ec_type', 'ec_num_data_fragments' and
+# 'ec_num_parity_fragments' must be specified.  'ec_type' is chosen from the
+# list of EC backends supported by PyECLib.  The ring configured for the
+# storage policy must have it's "replica" count configured to
+# 'ec_num_data_fragments' + 'ec_num_parity_fragments' - this requirement is
+# validated when services start.  'ec_object_segment_size' is the amount of
+# data that will be buffered up before feeding a segment into the
+# encoder/decoder.  More information about these configuration options and
+# supported `ec_type` schemes is available in the Swift documentation.  Please
+# refer to Swift documentation for details on how to configure EC policies.
+#
+# The example 'deepfreeze10-4' policy defined below is a _sample_
+# configuration with 10 'data' and 4 'parity' fragments. 'ec_type'
+# defines the Erasure Coding scheme. 'jerasure_rs_vand' (Reed-Solomon
+# Vandermonde) is used as an example below.
+#
+#[storage-policy:2]
+#name = deepfreeze10-4
+#policy_type = erasure_coding
+#ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+#ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+#ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+#ec_object_segment_size = 1048576
+
 
 # The swift-constraints section sets the basic constraints on data
-# saved in the swift cluster. These constraints are automatically 
+# saved in the swift cluster. These constraints are automatically
 # published by the proxy server in responses to /info requests.
 
 [swift-constraints]
diff --git a/swift/common/storage_policy.py b/swift/common/storage_policy.py
index f33eda539..23e52fc56 100644
--- a/swift/common/storage_policy.py
+++ b/swift/common/storage_policy.py
@@ -17,10 +17,18 @@ import string
 
 from swift.common.utils import config_true_value, SWIFT_CONF_FILE
 from swift.common.ring import Ring
+from swift.common.utils import quorum_size
+from swift.common.exceptions import RingValidationError
+from pyeclib.ec_iface import ECDriver, ECDriverError, VALID_EC_TYPES
 
 LEGACY_POLICY_NAME = 'Policy-0'
 VALID_CHARS = '-' + string.letters + string.digits
 
+DEFAULT_POLICY_TYPE = REPL_POLICY = 'replication'
+EC_POLICY = 'erasure_coding'
+
+DEFAULT_EC_OBJECT_SEGMENT_SIZE = 1048576
+
 
 class PolicyError(ValueError):
 
@@ -38,36 +46,73 @@ def _get_policy_string(base, policy_index):
     return return_string
 
 
-def get_policy_string(base, policy_index):
+def get_policy_string(base, policy_or_index):
     """
-    Helper function to construct a string from a base and the policy
-    index.  Used to encode the policy index into either a file name
-    or a directory name by various modules.
+    Helper function to construct a string from a base and the policy.
+    Used to encode the policy index into either a file name or a
+    directory name by various modules.
 
     :param base: the base string
-    :param policy_index: the storage policy index
+    :param policy_or_index: StoragePolicy instance, or an index
+                            (string or int), if None the legacy
+                            storage Policy-0 is assumed.
 
     :returns: base name with policy index added
+    :raises: PolicyError if no policy exists with the given policy_index
     """
-    if POLICIES.get_by_index(policy_index) is None:
-        raise PolicyError("No policy with index %r" % policy_index)
-    return _get_policy_string(base, policy_index)
+    if isinstance(policy_or_index, BaseStoragePolicy):
+        policy = policy_or_index
+    else:
+        policy = POLICIES.get_by_index(policy_or_index)
+        if policy is None:
+            raise PolicyError("Unknown policy", index=policy_or_index)
+    return _get_policy_string(base, int(policy))
 
 
-class StoragePolicy(object):
+def split_policy_string(policy_string):
     """
-    Represents a storage policy.
-    Not meant to be instantiated directly; use
-    :func:`~swift.common.storage_policy.reload_storage_policies` to load
-    POLICIES from ``swift.conf``.
+    Helper function to convert a string representing a base and a
+    policy.  Used to decode the policy from either a file name or
+    a directory name by various modules.
+
+    :param policy_string: base name with policy index added
+
+    :raises: PolicyError if given index does not map to a valid policy
+    :returns: a tuple, in the form (base, policy) where base is the base
+              string and policy is the StoragePolicy instance for the
+              index encoded in the policy_string.
+    """
+    if '-' in policy_string:
+        base, policy_index = policy_string.rsplit('-', 1)
+    else:
+        base, policy_index = policy_string, None
+    policy = POLICIES.get_by_index(policy_index)
+    if get_policy_string(base, policy) != policy_string:
+        raise PolicyError("Unknown policy", index=policy_index)
+    return base, policy
+
+
+class BaseStoragePolicy(object):
+    """
+    Represents a storage policy.  Not meant to be instantiated directly;
+    implement a derived subclasses (e.g. StoragePolicy, ECStoragePolicy, etc)
+    or use :func:`~swift.common.storage_policy.reload_storage_policies` to
+    load POLICIES from ``swift.conf``.
 
     The object_ring property is lazy loaded once the service's ``swift_dir``
     is known via :meth:`~StoragePolicyCollection.get_object_ring`, but it may
     be over-ridden via object_ring kwarg at create time for testing or
     actively loaded with :meth:`~StoragePolicy.load_ring`.
     """
+
+    policy_type_to_policy_cls = {}
+
     def __init__(self, idx, name='', is_default=False, is_deprecated=False,
                  object_ring=None):
+        # do not allow BaseStoragePolicy class to be instantiated directly
+        if type(self) == BaseStoragePolicy:
+            raise TypeError("Can't instantiate BaseStoragePolicy directly")
+        # policy parameter validation
         try:
             self.idx = int(idx)
         except ValueError:
@@ -88,6 +133,8 @@ class StoragePolicy(object):
         self.name = name
         self.is_deprecated = config_true_value(is_deprecated)
         self.is_default = config_true_value(is_default)
+        if self.policy_type not in BaseStoragePolicy.policy_type_to_policy_cls:
+            raise PolicyError('Invalid type', self.policy_type)
         if self.is_deprecated and self.is_default:
             raise PolicyError('Deprecated policy can not be default.  '
                               'Invalid config', self.idx)
@@ -101,8 +148,80 @@ class StoragePolicy(object):
         return cmp(self.idx, int(other))
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return ("StoragePolicy(%d, %r, is_default=%s, is_deprecated=%s)") % (
-            self.idx, self.name, self.is_default, self.is_deprecated)
+        return ("%s(%d, %r, is_default=%s, "
+                "is_deprecated=%s, policy_type=%r)") % \
+            (self.__class__.__name__, self.idx, self.name,
+             self.is_default, self.is_deprecated, self.policy_type)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls, policy_type):
+        """
+        Decorator for Storage Policy implementations to register
+        their StoragePolicy class.  This will also set the policy_type
+        attribute on the registered implementation.
+        """
+        def register_wrapper(policy_cls):
+            if policy_type in cls.policy_type_to_policy_cls:
+                raise PolicyError(
+                    '%r is already registered for the policy_type %r' % (
+                        cls.policy_type_to_policy_cls[policy_type],
+                        policy_type))
+            cls.policy_type_to_policy_cls[policy_type] = policy_cls
+            policy_cls.policy_type = policy_type
+            return policy_cls
+        return register_wrapper
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _config_options_map(cls):
+        """
+        Map config option name to StoragePolicy parameter name.
+        """
+        return {
+            'name': 'name',
+            'policy_type': 'policy_type',
+            'default': 'is_default',
+            'deprecated': 'is_deprecated',
+        }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_config(cls, policy_index, options):
+        config_to_policy_option_map = cls._config_options_map()
+        policy_options = {}
+        for config_option, value in options.items():
+            try:
+                policy_option = config_to_policy_option_map[config_option]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise PolicyError('Invalid option %r in '
+                                  'storage-policy section' % config_option,
+                                  index=policy_index)
+            policy_options[policy_option] = value
+        return cls(policy_index, **policy_options)
+
+    def get_info(self, config=False):
+        """
+        Return the info dict and conf file options for this policy.
+
+        :param config: boolean, if True all config options are returned
+        """
+        info = {}
+        for config_option, policy_attribute in \
+                self._config_options_map().items():
+            info[config_option] = getattr(self, policy_attribute)
+        if not config:
+            # remove some options for public consumption
+            if not self.is_default:
+                info.pop('default')
+            if not self.is_deprecated:
+                info.pop('deprecated')
+            info.pop('policy_type')
+        return info
+
+    def _validate_ring(self):
+        """
+        Hook, called when the ring is loaded.  Can be used to
+        validate the ring against the StoragePolicy configuration.
+        """
+        pass
 
     def load_ring(self, swift_dir):
         """
@@ -114,11 +233,194 @@ class StoragePolicy(object):
             return
         self.object_ring = Ring(swift_dir, ring_name=self.ring_name)
 
-    def get_options(self):
-        """Return the valid conf file options for this policy."""
-        return {'name': self.name,
-                'default': self.is_default,
-                'deprecated': self.is_deprecated}
+        # Validate ring to make sure it conforms to policy requirements
+        self._validate_ring()
+
+    @property
+    def quorum(self):
+        """
+        Number of successful backend requests needed for the proxy to
+        consider the client request successful.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+@BaseStoragePolicy.register(REPL_POLICY)
+class StoragePolicy(BaseStoragePolicy):
+    """
+    Represents a storage policy of type 'replication'.  Default storage policy
+    class unless otherwise overridden from swift.conf.
+
+    Not meant to be instantiated directly; use
+    :func:`~swift.common.storage_policy.reload_storage_policies` to load
+    POLICIES from ``swift.conf``.
+    """
+
+    @property
+    def quorum(self):
+        """
+        Quorum concept in the replication case:
+            floor(number of replica / 2) + 1
+        """
+        if not self.object_ring:
+            raise PolicyError('Ring is not loaded')
+        return quorum_size(self.object_ring.replica_count)
+
+
+@BaseStoragePolicy.register(EC_POLICY)
+class ECStoragePolicy(BaseStoragePolicy):
+    """
+    Represents a storage policy of type 'erasure_coding'.
+
+    Not meant to be instantiated directly; use
+    :func:`~swift.common.storage_policy.reload_storage_policies` to load
+    POLICIES from ``swift.conf``.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, idx, name='', is_default=False,
+                 is_deprecated=False, object_ring=None,
+                 ec_segment_size=DEFAULT_EC_OBJECT_SEGMENT_SIZE,
+                 ec_type=None, ec_ndata=None, ec_nparity=None):
+
+        super(ECStoragePolicy, self).__init__(
+            idx, name, is_default, is_deprecated, object_ring)
+
+        # Validate erasure_coding policy specific members
+        # ec_type is one of the EC implementations supported by PyEClib
+        if ec_type is None:
+            raise PolicyError('Missing ec_type')
+        if ec_type not in VALID_EC_TYPES:
+            raise PolicyError('Wrong ec_type %s for policy %s, should be one'
+                              ' of "%s"' % (ec_type, self.name,
+                              ', '.join(VALID_EC_TYPES)))
+        self._ec_type = ec_type
+
+        # Define _ec_ndata as the number of EC data fragments
+        # Accessible as the property "ec_ndata"
+        try:
+            value = int(ec_ndata)
+            if value <= 0:
+                raise ValueError
+            self._ec_ndata = value
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            raise PolicyError('Invalid ec_num_data_fragments %r' %
+                              ec_ndata, index=self.idx)
+
+        # Define _ec_nparity as the number of EC parity fragments
+        # Accessible as the property "ec_nparity"
+        try:
+            value = int(ec_nparity)
+            if value <= 0:
+                raise ValueError
+            self._ec_nparity = value
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            raise PolicyError('Invalid ec_num_parity_fragments %r'
+                              % ec_nparity, index=self.idx)
+
+        # Define _ec_segment_size as the encode segment unit size
+        # Accessible as the property "ec_segment_size"
+        try:
+            value = int(ec_segment_size)
+            if value <= 0:
+                raise ValueError
+            self._ec_segment_size = value
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            raise PolicyError('Invalid ec_object_segment_size %r' %
+                              ec_segment_size, index=self.idx)
+
+        # Initialize PyECLib EC backend
+        try:
+            self.pyeclib_driver = \
+                ECDriver(k=self._ec_ndata, m=self._ec_nparity,
+                         ec_type=self._ec_type)
+        except ECDriverError as e:
+            raise PolicyError("Error creating EC policy (%s)" % e,
+                              index=self.idx)
+
+        # quorum size in the EC case depends on the choice of EC scheme.
+        self._ec_quorum_size = \
+            self._ec_ndata + self.pyeclib_driver.min_parity_fragments_needed()
+
+    @property
+    def ec_type(self):
+        return self._ec_type
+
+    @property
+    def ec_ndata(self):
+        return self._ec_ndata
+
+    @property
+    def ec_nparity(self):
+        return self._ec_nparity
+
+    @property
+    def ec_segment_size(self):
+        return self._ec_segment_size
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return ("%s, EC config(ec_type=%s, ec_segment_size=%d, "
+                "ec_ndata=%d, ec_nparity=%d)") % (
+                    super(ECStoragePolicy, self).__repr__(), self.ec_type,
+                    self.ec_segment_size, self.ec_ndata, self.ec_nparity)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _config_options_map(cls):
+        options = super(ECStoragePolicy, cls)._config_options_map()
+        options.update({
+            'ec_type': 'ec_type',
+            'ec_object_segment_size': 'ec_segment_size',
+            'ec_num_data_fragments': 'ec_ndata',
+            'ec_num_parity_fragments': 'ec_nparity',
+        })
+        return options
+
+    def get_info(self, config=False):
+        info = super(ECStoragePolicy, self).get_info(config=config)
+        if not config:
+            info.pop('ec_object_segment_size')
+            info.pop('ec_num_data_fragments')
+            info.pop('ec_num_parity_fragments')
+            info.pop('ec_type')
+        return info
+
+    def _validate_ring(self):
+        """
+        EC specific validation
+
+        Replica count check - we need _at_least_ (#data + #parity) replicas
+        configured.  Also if the replica count is larger than exactly that
+        number there's a non-zero risk of error for code that is considering
+        the number of nodes in the primary list from the ring.
+        """
+        if not self.object_ring:
+            raise PolicyError('Ring is not loaded')
+        nodes_configured = self.object_ring.replica_count
+        if nodes_configured != (self.ec_ndata + self.ec_nparity):
+            raise RingValidationError(
+                'EC ring for policy %s needs to be configured with '
+                'exactly %d nodes. Got %d.' % (self.name,
+                self.ec_ndata + self.ec_nparity, nodes_configured))
+
+    @property
+    def quorum(self):
+        """
+        Number of successful backend requests needed for the proxy to consider
+        the client request successful.
+
+        The quorum size for EC policies defines the minimum number
+        of data + parity elements required to be able to guarantee
+        the desired fault tolerance, which is the number of data
+        elements supplemented by the minimum number of parity
+        elements required by the chosen erasure coding scheme.
+
+        For example, for Reed-Solomon, the minimum number parity
+        elements required is 1, and thus the quorum_size requirement
+        is ec_ndata + 1.
+
+        Given the number of parity elements required is not the same
+        for every erasure coding scheme, consult PyECLib for
+        min_parity_fragments_needed()
+        """
+        return self._ec_quorum_size
 
 
 class StoragePolicyCollection(object):
@@ -236,9 +538,19 @@ class StoragePolicyCollection(object):
         :returns: storage policy, or None if no such policy
         """
         # makes it easier for callers to just pass in a header value
-        index = int(index) if index else 0
+        if index in ('', None):
+            index = 0
+        else:
+            try:
+                index = int(index)
+            except ValueError:
+                return None
         return self.by_index.get(index)
 
+    @property
+    def legacy(self):
+        return self.get_by_index(None)
+
     def get_object_ring(self, policy_idx, swift_dir):
         """
         Get the ring object to use to handle a request based on its policy.
@@ -267,10 +579,7 @@ class StoragePolicyCollection(object):
             # delete from /info if deprecated
             if pol.is_deprecated:
                 continue
-            policy_entry = {}
-            policy_entry['name'] = pol.name
-            if pol.is_default:
-                policy_entry['default'] = pol.is_default
+            policy_entry = pol.get_info()
             policy_info.append(policy_entry)
         return policy_info
 
@@ -287,22 +596,10 @@ def parse_storage_policies(conf):
         if not section.startswith('storage-policy:'):
             continue
         policy_index = section.split(':', 1)[1]
-        # map config option name to StoragePolicy parameter name
-        config_to_policy_option_map = {
-            'name': 'name',
-            'default': 'is_default',
-            'deprecated': 'is_deprecated',
-        }
-        policy_options = {}
-        for config_option, value in conf.items(section):
-            try:
-                policy_option = config_to_policy_option_map[config_option]
-            except KeyError:
-                raise PolicyError('Invalid option %r in '
-                                  'storage-policy section %r' % (
-                                      config_option, section))
-            policy_options[policy_option] = value
-        policy = StoragePolicy(policy_index, **policy_options)
+        config_options = dict(conf.items(section))
+        policy_type = config_options.pop('policy_type', DEFAULT_POLICY_TYPE)
+        policy_cls = BaseStoragePolicy.policy_type_to_policy_cls[policy_type]
+        policy = policy_cls.from_config(policy_index, config_options)
         policies.append(policy)
 
     return StoragePolicyCollection(policies)
diff --git a/swift/obj/diskfile.py b/swift/obj/diskfile.py
index a8d14dfa2..06073ef91 100644
--- a/swift/obj/diskfile.py
+++ b/swift/obj/diskfile.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ from swift.common.exceptions import DiskFileQuarantined, DiskFileNotExist, \
     DiskFileDeleted, DiskFileError, DiskFileNotOpen, PathNotDir, \
     ReplicationLockTimeout, DiskFileExpired, DiskFileXattrNotSupported
 from swift.common.swob import multi_range_iterator
-from swift.common.storage_policy import get_policy_string, POLICIES
+from swift.common.storage_policy import get_policy_string, split_policy_string
 from functools import partial
 
 
@@ -178,11 +178,7 @@ def extract_policy_index(obj_path):
         obj_dirname = obj_portion[:obj_portion.index('/')]
     except Exception:
         return policy_idx
-    if '-' in obj_dirname:
-        base, policy_idx = obj_dirname.split('-', 1)
-        if POLICIES.get_by_index(policy_idx) is None:
-            policy_idx = 0
-    return int(policy_idx)
+    return int(split_policy_string(obj_dirname)[1])
 
 
 def quarantine_renamer(device_path, corrupted_file_path):
@@ -474,11 +470,8 @@ def object_audit_location_generator(devices, mount_check=True, logger=None,
                     if dir.startswith(DATADIR_BASE)]:
             datadir_path = os.path.join(devices, device, dir)
             # warn if the object dir doesn't match with a policy
-            policy_idx = 0
-            if '-' in dir:
-                base, policy_idx = dir.split('-', 1)
             try:
-                get_data_dir(policy_idx)
+                base, policy = split_policy_string(dir)
             except ValueError:
                 if logger:
                     logger.warn(_('Directory %s does not map to a '
diff --git a/test/functional/__init__.py b/test/functional/__init__.py
index 4a8cb80bd..73e500663 100644
--- a/test/functional/__init__.py
+++ b/test/functional/__init__.py
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ def _in_process_setup_ring(swift_conf, conf_src_dir, testdir):
     # make policy_to_test be policy index 0 and default for the test config
     sp_zero_section = sp_prefix + '0'
     conf.add_section(sp_zero_section)
-    for (k, v) in policy_to_test.get_options().items():
+    for (k, v) in policy_to_test.get_info(config=True).items():
         conf.set(sp_zero_section, k, v)
     conf.set(sp_zero_section, 'default', True)
 
diff --git a/test/unit/common/test_internal_client.py b/test/unit/common/test_internal_client.py
index d4027261d..b7d680688 100644
--- a/test/unit/common/test_internal_client.py
+++ b/test/unit/common/test_internal_client.py
@@ -235,19 +235,20 @@ class TestInternalClient(unittest.TestCase):
         write_fake_ring(object_ring_path)
         with patch_policies([StoragePolicy(0, 'legacy', True)]):
             client = internal_client.InternalClient(conf_path, 'test', 1)
-        self.assertEqual(client.account_ring, client.app.app.app.account_ring)
-        self.assertEqual(client.account_ring.serialized_path,
-                         account_ring_path)
-        self.assertEqual(client.container_ring,
-                         client.app.app.app.container_ring)
-        self.assertEqual(client.container_ring.serialized_path,
-                         container_ring_path)
-        object_ring = client.app.app.app.get_object_ring(0)
-        self.assertEqual(client.get_object_ring(0),
-                         object_ring)
-        self.assertEqual(object_ring.serialized_path,
-                         object_ring_path)
-        self.assertEquals(client.auto_create_account_prefix, '-')
+            self.assertEqual(client.account_ring,
+                             client.app.app.app.account_ring)
+            self.assertEqual(client.account_ring.serialized_path,
+                             account_ring_path)
+            self.assertEqual(client.container_ring,
+                             client.app.app.app.container_ring)
+            self.assertEqual(client.container_ring.serialized_path,
+                             container_ring_path)
+            object_ring = client.app.app.app.get_object_ring(0)
+            self.assertEqual(client.get_object_ring(0),
+                             object_ring)
+            self.assertEqual(object_ring.serialized_path,
+                             object_ring_path)
+            self.assertEquals(client.auto_create_account_prefix, '-')
 
     def test_init(self):
         class App(object):
diff --git a/test/unit/common/test_storage_policy.py b/test/unit/common/test_storage_policy.py
index 21fed77ee..6406dc192 100644
--- a/test/unit/common/test_storage_policy.py
+++ b/test/unit/common/test_storage_policy.py
@@ -19,8 +19,23 @@ import mock
 from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 from test.unit import patch_policies, FakeRing
 from swift.common.storage_policy import (
-    StoragePolicy, StoragePolicyCollection, POLICIES, PolicyError,
-    parse_storage_policies, reload_storage_policies, get_policy_string)
+    StoragePolicyCollection, POLICIES, PolicyError, parse_storage_policies,
+    reload_storage_policies, get_policy_string, split_policy_string,
+    BaseStoragePolicy, StoragePolicy, ECStoragePolicy, REPL_POLICY, EC_POLICY,
+    VALID_EC_TYPES, DEFAULT_EC_OBJECT_SEGMENT_SIZE)
+from swift.common.exceptions import RingValidationError
+
+
+@BaseStoragePolicy.register('fake')
+class FakeStoragePolicy(BaseStoragePolicy):
+    """
+    Test StoragePolicy class - the only user at the moment is
+    test_validate_policies_type_invalid()
+    """
+    def __init__(self, idx, name='', is_default=False, is_deprecated=False,
+                 object_ring=None):
+        super(FakeStoragePolicy, self).__init__(
+            idx, name, is_default, is_deprecated, object_ring)
 
 
 class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -31,15 +46,35 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
         conf.readfp(StringIO.StringIO(conf_str))
         return conf
 
-    @patch_policies([StoragePolicy(0, 'zero', True),
-                     StoragePolicy(1, 'one', False),
-                     StoragePolicy(2, 'two', False),
-                     StoragePolicy(3, 'three', False, is_deprecated=True)])
+    def assertRaisesWithMessage(self, exc_class, message, f, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            f(*args, **kwargs)
+        except exc_class as err:
+            err_msg = str(err)
+            self.assert_(message in err_msg, 'Error message %r did not '
+                         'have expected substring %r' % (err_msg, message))
+        else:
+            self.fail('%r did not raise %s' % (message, exc_class.__name__))
+
+    def test_policy_baseclass_instantiate(self):
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(TypeError,
+                                     "Can't instantiate BaseStoragePolicy",
+                                     BaseStoragePolicy, 1, 'one')
+
+    @patch_policies([
+        StoragePolicy(0, 'zero', is_default=True),
+        StoragePolicy(1, 'one'),
+        StoragePolicy(2, 'two'),
+        StoragePolicy(3, 'three', is_deprecated=True),
+        ECStoragePolicy(10, 'ten', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                        ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=4),
+    ])
     def test_swift_info(self):
         # the deprecated 'three' should not exist in expect
         expect = [{'default': True, 'name': 'zero'},
                   {'name': 'two'},
-                  {'name': 'one'}]
+                  {'name': 'one'},
+                  {'name': 'ten'}]
         swift_info = POLICIES.get_policy_info()
         self.assertEquals(sorted(expect, key=lambda k: k['name']),
                           sorted(swift_info, key=lambda k: k['name']))
@@ -48,10 +83,48 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_get_policy_string(self):
         self.assertEquals(get_policy_string('something', 0), 'something')
         self.assertEquals(get_policy_string('something', None), 'something')
+        self.assertEquals(get_policy_string('something', ''), 'something')
         self.assertEquals(get_policy_string('something', 1),
                           'something' + '-1')
         self.assertRaises(PolicyError, get_policy_string, 'something', 99)
 
+    @patch_policies
+    def test_split_policy_string(self):
+        expectations = {
+            'something': ('something', POLICIES[0]),
+            'something-1': ('something', POLICIES[1]),
+            'tmp': ('tmp', POLICIES[0]),
+            'objects': ('objects', POLICIES[0]),
+            'tmp-1': ('tmp', POLICIES[1]),
+            'objects-1': ('objects', POLICIES[1]),
+            'objects-': PolicyError,
+            'objects-0': PolicyError,
+            'objects--1': ('objects-', POLICIES[1]),
+            'objects-+1': PolicyError,
+            'objects--': PolicyError,
+            'objects-foo': PolicyError,
+            'objects--bar': PolicyError,
+            'objects-+bar': PolicyError,
+            # questionable, demonstrated as inverse of get_policy_string
+            'objects+0': ('objects+0', POLICIES[0]),
+            '': ('', POLICIES[0]),
+            '0': ('0', POLICIES[0]),
+            '-1': ('', POLICIES[1]),
+        }
+        for policy_string, expected in expectations.items():
+            if expected == PolicyError:
+                try:
+                    invalid = split_policy_string(policy_string)
+                except PolicyError:
+                    continue  # good
+                else:
+                    self.fail('The string %r returned %r '
+                              'instead of raising a PolicyError' %
+                              (policy_string, invalid))
+            self.assertEqual(expected, split_policy_string(policy_string))
+            # should be inverse of get_policy_string
+            self.assertEqual(policy_string, get_policy_string(*expected))
+
     def test_defaults(self):
         self.assertTrue(len(POLICIES) > 0)
 
@@ -66,7 +139,9 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_storage_policy_repr(self):
         test_policies = [StoragePolicy(0, 'aay', True),
                          StoragePolicy(1, 'bee', False),
-                         StoragePolicy(2, 'cee', False)]
+                         StoragePolicy(2, 'cee', False),
+                         ECStoragePolicy(10, 'ten', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                                         ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=3)]
         policies = StoragePolicyCollection(test_policies)
         for policy in policies:
             policy_repr = repr(policy)
@@ -75,6 +150,13 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
             self.assert_('is_deprecated=%s' % policy.is_deprecated in
                          policy_repr)
             self.assert_(policy.name in policy_repr)
+            if policy.policy_type == EC_POLICY:
+                self.assert_('ec_type=%s' % policy.ec_type in policy_repr)
+                self.assert_('ec_ndata=%s' % policy.ec_ndata in policy_repr)
+                self.assert_('ec_nparity=%s' %
+                             policy.ec_nparity in policy_repr)
+                self.assert_('ec_segment_size=%s' %
+                             policy.ec_segment_size in policy_repr)
         collection_repr = repr(policies)
         collection_repr_lines = collection_repr.splitlines()
         self.assert_(policies.__class__.__name__ in collection_repr_lines[0])
@@ -157,15 +239,16 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_validate_policy_params(self):
         StoragePolicy(0, 'name')  # sanity
         # bogus indexes
-        self.assertRaises(PolicyError, StoragePolicy, 'x', 'name')
-        self.assertRaises(PolicyError, StoragePolicy, -1, 'name')
+        self.assertRaises(PolicyError, FakeStoragePolicy, 'x', 'name')
+        self.assertRaises(PolicyError, FakeStoragePolicy, -1, 'name')
+
         # non-zero Policy-0
-        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'reserved', StoragePolicy,
-                                     1, 'policy-0')
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'reserved',
+                                     FakeStoragePolicy, 1, 'policy-0')
         # deprecate default
         self.assertRaisesWithMessage(
             PolicyError, 'Deprecated policy can not be default',
-            StoragePolicy, 1, 'Policy-1', is_default=True,
+            FakeStoragePolicy, 1, 'Policy-1', is_default=True,
             is_deprecated=True)
         # weird names
         names = (
@@ -178,7 +261,7 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         for name in names:
             self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'Invalid name',
-                                         StoragePolicy, 1, name)
+                                         FakeStoragePolicy, 1, name)
 
     def test_validate_policies_names(self):
         # duplicate names
@@ -188,6 +271,40 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertRaises(PolicyError, StoragePolicyCollection,
                           test_policies)
 
+    def test_validate_policies_type_default(self):
+        # no type specified - make sure the policy is initialized to
+        # DEFAULT_POLICY_TYPE
+        test_policy = FakeStoragePolicy(0, 'zero', True)
+        self.assertEquals(test_policy.policy_type, 'fake')
+
+    def test_validate_policies_type_invalid(self):
+        class BogusStoragePolicy(FakeStoragePolicy):
+            policy_type = 'bogus'
+        # unsupported policy type - initialization with FakeStoragePolicy
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'Invalid type',
+                                     BogusStoragePolicy, 1, 'one')
+
+    def test_policies_type_attribute(self):
+        test_policies = [
+            StoragePolicy(0, 'zero', is_default=True),
+            StoragePolicy(1, 'one'),
+            StoragePolicy(2, 'two'),
+            StoragePolicy(3, 'three', is_deprecated=True),
+            ECStoragePolicy(10, 'ten', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=3),
+        ]
+        policies = StoragePolicyCollection(test_policies)
+        self.assertEquals(policies.get_by_index(0).policy_type,
+                          REPL_POLICY)
+        self.assertEquals(policies.get_by_index(1).policy_type,
+                          REPL_POLICY)
+        self.assertEquals(policies.get_by_index(2).policy_type,
+                          REPL_POLICY)
+        self.assertEquals(policies.get_by_index(3).policy_type,
+                          REPL_POLICY)
+        self.assertEquals(policies.get_by_index(10).policy_type,
+                          EC_POLICY)
+
     def test_names_are_normalized(self):
         test_policies = [StoragePolicy(0, 'zero', True),
                          StoragePolicy(1, 'ZERO', False)]
@@ -207,16 +324,6 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
             self.assertEqual(pol1, policies.get_by_name(name))
             self.assertEqual(policies.get_by_name(name).name, 'One')
 
-    def assertRaisesWithMessage(self, exc_class, message, f, *args, **kwargs):
-        try:
-            f(*args, **kwargs)
-        except exc_class as err:
-            err_msg = str(err)
-            self.assert_(message in err_msg, 'Error message %r did not '
-                         'have expected substring %r' % (err_msg, message))
-        else:
-            self.fail('%r did not raise %s' % (message, exc_class.__name__))
-
     def test_deprecated_default(self):
         bad_conf = self._conf("""
         [storage-policy:1]
@@ -395,6 +502,133 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'Invalid name',
                                      parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
 
+        # policy_type = erasure_coding
+
+        # missing ec_type, ec_num_data_fragments and ec_num_parity_fragments
+        bad_conf = self._conf("""
+        [storage-policy:0]
+        name = zero
+        [storage-policy:1]
+        name = ec10-4
+        policy_type = erasure_coding
+        """)
+
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'Missing ec_type',
+                                     parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        # missing ec_type, but other options valid...
+        bad_conf = self._conf("""
+        [storage-policy:0]
+        name = zero
+        [storage-policy:1]
+        name = ec10-4
+        policy_type = erasure_coding
+        ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+        ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+        """)
+
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError, 'Missing ec_type',
+                                     parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        # ec_type specified, but invalid...
+        bad_conf = self._conf("""
+        [storage-policy:0]
+        name = zero
+        default = yes
+        [storage-policy:1]
+        name = ec10-4
+        policy_type = erasure_coding
+        ec_type = garbage_alg
+        ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+        ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+        """)
+
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                     'Wrong ec_type garbage_alg for policy '
+                                     'ec10-4, should be one of "%s"' %
+                                     (', '.join(VALID_EC_TYPES)),
+                                     parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        # missing and invalid ec_num_parity_fragments
+        bad_conf = self._conf("""
+        [storage-policy:0]
+        name = zero
+        [storage-policy:1]
+        name = ec10-4
+        policy_type = erasure_coding
+        ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+        ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+        """)
+
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                     'Invalid ec_num_parity_fragments',
+                                     parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        for num_parity in ('-4', '0', 'x'):
+            bad_conf = self._conf("""
+            [storage-policy:0]
+            name = zero
+            [storage-policy:1]
+            name = ec10-4
+            policy_type = erasure_coding
+            ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+            ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+            ec_num_parity_fragments = %s
+            """ % num_parity)
+
+            self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                         'Invalid ec_num_parity_fragments',
+                                         parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        # missing and invalid ec_num_data_fragments
+        bad_conf = self._conf("""
+        [storage-policy:0]
+        name = zero
+        [storage-policy:1]
+        name = ec10-4
+        policy_type = erasure_coding
+        ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+        ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+        """)
+
+        self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                     'Invalid ec_num_data_fragments',
+                                     parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        for num_data in ('-10', '0', 'x'):
+            bad_conf = self._conf("""
+            [storage-policy:0]
+            name = zero
+            [storage-policy:1]
+            name = ec10-4
+            policy_type = erasure_coding
+            ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+            ec_num_data_fragments = %s
+            ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+            """ % num_data)
+
+            self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                         'Invalid ec_num_data_fragments',
+                                         parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
+        # invalid ec_object_segment_size
+        for segment_size in ('-4', '0', 'x'):
+            bad_conf = self._conf("""
+            [storage-policy:0]
+            name = zero
+            [storage-policy:1]
+            name = ec10-4
+            policy_type = erasure_coding
+            ec_object_segment_size = %s
+            ec_type = jerasure_rs_vand
+            ec_num_data_fragments = 10
+            ec_num_parity_fragments = 4
+            """ % segment_size)
+
+            self.assertRaisesWithMessage(PolicyError,
+                                         'Invalid ec_object_segment_size',
+                                         parse_storage_policies, bad_conf)
+
         # Additional section added to ensure parser ignores other sections
         conf = self._conf("""
         [some-other-section]
@@ -430,6 +664,8 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEquals("zero", policies.get_by_index(None).name)
         self.assertEquals("zero", policies.get_by_index('').name)
 
+        self.assertEqual(policies.get_by_index(0), policies.legacy)
+
     def test_reload_invalid_storage_policies(self):
         conf = self._conf("""
         [storage-policy:0]
@@ -512,18 +748,124 @@ class TestStoragePolicies(unittest.TestCase):
             for policy in POLICIES:
                 self.assertEqual(POLICIES[int(policy)], policy)
 
-    def test_storage_policy_get_options(self):
-        policy = StoragePolicy(1, 'gold', True, False)
-        self.assertEqual({'name': 'gold',
-                          'default': True,
-                          'deprecated': False},
-                         policy.get_options())
-
-        policy = StoragePolicy(1, 'gold', False, True)
-        self.assertEqual({'name': 'gold',
-                          'default': False,
-                          'deprecated': True},
-                         policy.get_options())
+    def test_quorum_size_replication(self):
+        expected_sizes = {1: 1,
+                          2: 2,
+                          3: 2,
+                          4: 3,
+                          5: 3}
+        for n, expected in expected_sizes.items():
+            policy = StoragePolicy(0, 'zero',
+                                   object_ring=FakeRing(replicas=n))
+            self.assertEqual(policy.quorum, expected)
+
+    def test_quorum_size_erasure_coding(self):
+        test_ec_policies = [
+            ECStoragePolicy(10, 'ec8-2', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=8, ec_nparity=2),
+            ECStoragePolicy(11, 'df10-6', ec_type='flat_xor_hd_4',
+                            ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=6),
+        ]
+        for ec_policy in test_ec_policies:
+            k = ec_policy.ec_ndata
+            expected_size = \
+                k + ec_policy.pyeclib_driver.min_parity_fragments_needed()
+            self.assertEqual(expected_size, ec_policy.quorum)
+
+    def test_validate_ring(self):
+        test_policies = [
+            ECStoragePolicy(0, 'ec8-2', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=8, ec_nparity=2,
+                            object_ring=FakeRing(replicas=8),
+                            is_default=True),
+            ECStoragePolicy(1, 'ec10-4', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=4,
+                            object_ring=FakeRing(replicas=10)),
+            ECStoragePolicy(2, 'ec4-2', ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=4, ec_nparity=2,
+                            object_ring=FakeRing(replicas=7)),
+        ]
+        policies = StoragePolicyCollection(test_policies)
+
+        for policy in policies:
+            msg = 'EC ring for policy %s needs to be configured with ' \
+                  'exactly %d nodes.' % \
+                  (policy.name, policy.ec_ndata + policy.ec_nparity)
+            self.assertRaisesWithMessage(
+                RingValidationError, msg,
+                policy._validate_ring)
+
+    def test_storage_policy_get_info(self):
+        test_policies = [
+            StoragePolicy(0, 'zero', is_default=True),
+            StoragePolicy(1, 'one', is_deprecated=True),
+            ECStoragePolicy(10, 'ten',
+                            ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=3),
+            ECStoragePolicy(11, 'done', is_deprecated=True,
+                            ec_type='jerasure_rs_vand',
+                            ec_ndata=10, ec_nparity=3),
+        ]
+        policies = StoragePolicyCollection(test_policies)
+        expected = {
+            # default replication
+            (0, True): {
+                'name': 'zero',
+                'default': True,
+                'deprecated': False,
+                'policy_type': REPL_POLICY
+            },
+            (0, False): {
+                'name': 'zero',
+                'default': True,
+            },
+            # deprecated replication
+            (1, True): {
+                'name': 'one',
+                'default': False,
+                'deprecated': True,
+                'policy_type': REPL_POLICY
+            },
+            (1, False): {
+                'name': 'one',
+                'deprecated': True,
+            },
+            # enabled ec
+            (10, True): {
+                'name': 'ten',
+                'default': False,
+                'deprecated': False,
+                'policy_type': EC_POLICY,
+                'ec_type': 'jerasure_rs_vand',
+                'ec_num_data_fragments': 10,
+                'ec_num_parity_fragments': 3,
+                'ec_object_segment_size': DEFAULT_EC_OBJECT_SEGMENT_SIZE,
+            },
+            (10, False): {
+                'name': 'ten',
+            },
+            # deprecated ec
+            (11, True): {
+                'name': 'done',
+                'default': False,
+                'deprecated': True,
+                'policy_type': EC_POLICY,
+                'ec_type': 'jerasure_rs_vand',
+                'ec_num_data_fragments': 10,
+                'ec_num_parity_fragments': 3,
+                'ec_object_segment_size': DEFAULT_EC_OBJECT_SEGMENT_SIZE,
+            },
+            (11, False): {
+                'name': 'done',
+                'deprecated': True,
+            },
+        }
+        self.maxDiff = None
+        for policy in policies:
+            expected_info = expected[(int(policy), True)]
+            self.assertEqual(policy.get_info(config=True), expected_info)
+            expected_info = expected[(int(policy), False)]
+            self.assertEqual(policy.get_info(config=False), expected_info)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/test/unit/obj/test_diskfile.py b/test/unit/obj/test_diskfile.py
index cc6747555..8ccb2618f 100644
--- a/test/unit/obj/test_diskfile.py
+++ b/test/unit/obj/test_diskfile.py
@@ -140,9 +140,10 @@ class TestDiskFileModuleMethods(unittest.TestCase):
         pn = '/objects-1/0/606/198452b6ef6247c78606/1401379842.14643.data'
         self.assertEqual(diskfile.extract_policy_index(pn), 1)
 
-        # bad policy index
+        # well formatted but, unknown policy index
         pn = 'objects-2/0/606/198427efcff042c78606/1401379842.14643.data'
-        self.assertEqual(diskfile.extract_policy_index(pn), 0)
+        self.assertRaises(ValueError,
+                          diskfile.extract_policy_index, pn)
         bad_path = '/srv/node/sda1/objects-t/1/abc/def/1234.data'
         self.assertRaises(ValueError,
                           diskfile.extract_policy_index, bad_path)
diff --git a/test/unit/obj/test_server.py b/test/unit/obj/test_server.py
index 1823a9014..583c9a9e3 100755
--- a/test/unit/obj/test_server.py
+++ b/test/unit/obj/test_server.py
@@ -4510,6 +4510,7 @@ class TestObjectServer(unittest.TestCase):
         resp.close()
 
 
+@patch_policies
 class TestZeroCopy(unittest.TestCase):
     """Test the object server's zero-copy functionality"""