path: root/oslo_utils/timeutils.py

# Copyright 2011 OpenStack Foundation.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
#    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#    a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#    under the License.

"""
Time related utilities and helper functions.
"""

import calendar
import datetime
import logging
import time

from debtcollector import removals
import iso8601
from monotonic import monotonic as now  # noqa
import pytz
import six

from oslo_utils import reflection

# ISO 8601 extended time format with microseconds
_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f'
_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'
PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT = _ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND

_MAX_DATETIME_SEC = 59


@removals.remove(
    message="use datetime.datetime.isoformat()",
    version="1.6",
    removal_version="?",
    )
def isotime(at=None, subsecond=False):
    """Stringify time in ISO 8601 format.

    .. deprecated:: 1.5.0
       Use :func:`utcnow` and :func:`datetime.datetime.isoformat` instead.
    """
    if not at:
        at = utcnow()
    st = at.strftime(_ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT
                     if not subsecond
                     else _ISO8601_TIME_FORMAT_SUBSECOND)
    tz = at.tzinfo.tzname(None) if at.tzinfo else 'UTC'
    # Need to handle either iso8601 or python UTC format
    st += ('Z' if tz in ('UTC', 'UTC+00:00') else tz)
    return st


def parse_isotime(timestr):
    """Parse time from ISO 8601 format."""
    try:
        return iso8601.parse_date(timestr)
    except iso8601.ParseError as e:
        raise ValueError(six.text_type(e))
    except TypeError as e:
        raise ValueError(six.text_type(e))


@removals.remove(
    message="use either datetime.datetime.isoformat() "
    "or datetime.datetime.strftime() instead",
    version="1.6",
    removal_version="?",
    )
def strtime(at=None, fmt=PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT):
    """Returns formatted utcnow.

    .. deprecated:: 1.5.0
       Use :func:`utcnow()`, :func:`datetime.datetime.isoformat`
       or :func:`datetime.strftime` instead:

       * ``strtime()`` => ``utcnow().isoformat()``
       * ``strtime(fmt=...)`` => ``utcnow().strftime(fmt)``
       * ``strtime(at)`` => ``at.isoformat()``
       * ``strtime(at, fmt)`` => ``at.strftime(fmt)``
    """
    if not at:
        at = utcnow()
    return at.strftime(fmt)


def parse_strtime(timestr, fmt=PERFECT_TIME_FORMAT):
    """Turn a formatted time back into a datetime."""
    return datetime.datetime.strptime(timestr, fmt)


def normalize_time(timestamp):
    """Normalize time in arbitrary timezone to UTC naive object."""
    offset = timestamp.utcoffset()
    if offset is None:
        return timestamp
    return timestamp.replace(tzinfo=None) - offset


def is_older_than(before, seconds):
    """Return True if before is older than seconds.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.7
       Accept datetime string with timezone information.
       Fix comparison with timezone aware datetime.
    """
    if isinstance(before, six.string_types):
        before = parse_isotime(before)

    before = normalize_time(before)

    return utcnow() - before > datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)


def is_newer_than(after, seconds):
    """Return True if after is newer than seconds.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.7
       Accept datetime string with timezone information.
       Fix comparison with timezone aware datetime.
    """
    if isinstance(after, six.string_types):
        after = parse_isotime(after)

    after = normalize_time(after)

    return after - utcnow() > datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds)


def utcnow_ts(microsecond=False):
    """Timestamp version of our utcnow function.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.3
       Added optional *microsecond* parameter.
    """
    if utcnow.override_time is None:
        # NOTE(kgriffs): This is several times faster
        # than going through calendar.timegm(...)
        timestamp = time.time()
        if not microsecond:
            timestamp = int(timestamp)
        return timestamp

    now = utcnow()
    timestamp = calendar.timegm(now.timetuple())

    if microsecond:
        timestamp += float(now.microsecond) / 1000000

    return timestamp


def utcnow(with_timezone=False):
    """Overridable version of utils.utcnow that can return a TZ-aware datetime.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.6
       Added *with_timezone* parameter.
    """
    if utcnow.override_time:
        try:
            return utcnow.override_time.pop(0)
        except AttributeError:
            return utcnow.override_time
    if with_timezone:
        return datetime.datetime.now(tz=iso8601.iso8601.UTC)
    return datetime.datetime.utcnow()


@removals.remove(
    message="use datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp().isoformat()",
    version="1.6",
    removal_version="?",
    )
def iso8601_from_timestamp(timestamp, microsecond=False):
    """Returns an iso8601 formatted date from timestamp.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.3
       Added optional *microsecond* parameter.

    .. deprecated:: 1.5.0
       Use :func:`datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp` and
       :func:`datetime.datetime.isoformat` instead.
    """
    return isotime(datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp), microsecond)


utcnow.override_time = None


def set_time_override(override_time=None):
    """Overrides utils.utcnow.

    Make it return a constant time or a list thereof, one at a time.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    :param override_time: datetime instance or list thereof. If not
                          given, defaults to the current UTC time.
    """
    utcnow.override_time = override_time or datetime.datetime.utcnow()


def advance_time_delta(timedelta):
    """Advance overridden time using a datetime.timedelta.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    """
    assert utcnow.override_time is not None  # nosec
    try:
        for dt in utcnow.override_time:
            dt += timedelta
    except TypeError:
        utcnow.override_time += timedelta


def advance_time_seconds(seconds):
    """Advance overridden time by seconds.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    """
    advance_time_delta(datetime.timedelta(0, seconds))


def clear_time_override():
    """Remove the overridden time.

    See :py:class:`oslo_utils.fixture.TimeFixture`.

    """
    utcnow.override_time = None


def marshall_now(now=None):
    """Make an rpc-safe datetime with microseconds.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.6
       Timezone information is now serialized instead of being stripped.
    """
    if not now:
        now = utcnow()
    d = dict(day=now.day, month=now.month, year=now.year, hour=now.hour,
             minute=now.minute, second=now.second,
             microsecond=now.microsecond)
    if now.tzinfo:
        # Need to handle either iso8601 or python UTC format
        tzname = now.tzinfo.tzname(None)
        d['tzname'] = 'UTC' if tzname == 'UTC+00:00' else tzname
    return d


def unmarshall_time(tyme):
    """Unmarshall a datetime dict.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.5
       Drop leap second.

    .. versionchanged:: 1.6
       Added support for timezone information.
    """

    # NOTE(ihrachys): datetime does not support leap seconds,
    # so the best thing we can do for now is dropping them
    # http://bugs.python.org/issue23574
    second = min(tyme['second'], _MAX_DATETIME_SEC)
    dt = datetime.datetime(day=tyme['day'],
                           month=tyme['month'],
                           year=tyme['year'],
                           hour=tyme['hour'],
                           minute=tyme['minute'],
                           second=second,
                           microsecond=tyme['microsecond'])
    tzname = tyme.get('tzname')
    if tzname:
        # Need to handle either iso8601 or python UTC format
        tzname = 'UTC' if tzname == 'UTC+00:00' else tzname
        tzinfo = pytz.timezone(tzname)
        dt = tzinfo.localize(dt)
    return dt


def delta_seconds(before, after):
    """Return the difference between two timing objects.

    Compute the difference in seconds between two date, time, or
    datetime objects (as a float, to microsecond resolution).
    """
    delta = after - before
    return delta.total_seconds()


def is_soon(dt, window):
    """Determines if time is going to happen in the next window seconds.

    :param dt: the time
    :param window: minimum seconds to remain to consider the time not soon

    :return: True if expiration is within the given duration
    """
    soon = (utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=window))
    return normalize_time(dt) <= soon


class Split(object):
    """A *immutable* stopwatch split.

    See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopwatch for what this is/represents.

    .. versionadded:: 1.4
    """

    __slots__ = ['_elapsed', '_length']

    def __init__(self, elapsed, length):
        self._elapsed = elapsed
        self._length = length

    @property
    def elapsed(self):
        """Duration from stopwatch start."""
        return self._elapsed

    @property
    def length(self):
        """Seconds from last split (or the elapsed time if no prior split)."""
        return self._length

    def __repr__(self):
        r = reflection.get_class_name(self, fully_qualified=False)
        r += "(elapsed=%s, length=%s)" % (self._elapsed, self._length)
        return r


def time_it(logger, log_level=logging.DEBUG,
            message="It took %(seconds).02f seconds to"
                    " run function '%(func_name)s'",
            enabled=True, min_duration=0.01):
    """Decorator that will log how long its decorated function takes to run.

    This does **not** output a log if the decorated function fails
    with an exception.

    :param logger: logger instance to use when logging elapsed time
    :param log_level: logger logging level to use when logging elapsed time
    :param message: customized message to use when logging elapsed time,
                    the message may use automatically provide values
                    ``%(seconds)`` and ``%(func_name)`` if it finds those
                    values useful to record
    :param enabled: whether to enable or disable this decorator (useful to
                    decorate a function with this decorator, and then easily
                    be able to switch that decoration off by some config or
                    other value)
    :param min_duration: argument that determines if logging is triggered
                         or not, it is by default set to 0.01 seconds to avoid
                         logging when durations and/or elapsed function call
                         times are less than 0.01 seconds, to disable
                         any ``min_duration`` checks this value should be set
                         to less than or equal to zero or set to none
    """

    def decorator(func):
        if not enabled:
            return func

        @six.wraps(func)
        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
            with StopWatch() as w:
                result = func(*args, **kwargs)
            time_taken = w.elapsed()
            if min_duration is None or time_taken >= min_duration:
                logger.log(log_level, message,
                           {'seconds': time_taken,
                            'func_name': reflection.get_callable_name(func)})
            return result

        return wrapper

    return decorator


class StopWatch(object):
    """A simple timer/stopwatch helper class.

    Inspired by: apache-commons-lang java stopwatch.

    Not thread-safe (when a single watch is mutated by multiple threads at
    the same time). Thread-safe when used by a single thread (not shared) or
    when operations are performed in a thread-safe manner on these objects by
    wrapping those operations with locks.

    It will use the `monotonic`_ pypi library to find an appropriate
    monotonically increasing time providing function (which typically varies
    depending on operating system and python version).

    .. _monotonic: https://pypi.org/project/monotonic/

    .. versionadded:: 1.4
    """
    _STARTED = 'STARTED'
    _STOPPED = 'STOPPED'

    def __init__(self, duration=None):
        if duration is not None and duration < 0:
            raise ValueError("Duration must be greater or equal to"
                             " zero and not %s" % duration)
        self._duration = duration
        self._started_at = None
        self._stopped_at = None
        self._state = None
        self._splits = ()

    def start(self):
        """Starts the watch (if not already started).

        NOTE(harlowja): resets any splits previously captured (if any).
        """
        if self._state == self._STARTED:
            return self
        self._started_at = now()
        self._stopped_at = None
        self._state = self._STARTED
        self._splits = ()
        return self

    @property
    def splits(self):
        """Accessor to all/any splits that have been captured."""
        return self._splits

    def split(self):
        """Captures a split/elapsed since start time (and doesn't stop)."""
        if self._state == self._STARTED:
            elapsed = self.elapsed()
            if self._splits:
                length = self._delta_seconds(self._splits[-1].elapsed, elapsed)
            else:
                length = elapsed
            self._splits = self._splits + (Split(elapsed, length),)
            return self._splits[-1]
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("Can not create a split time of a stopwatch"
                               " if it has not been started or if it has been"
                               " stopped")

    def restart(self):
        """Restarts the watch from a started/stopped state."""
        if self._state == self._STARTED:
            self.stop()
        self.start()
        return self

    @staticmethod
    def _delta_seconds(earlier, later):
        # Uses max to avoid the delta/time going backwards (and thus negative).
        return max(0.0, later - earlier)

    def elapsed(self, maximum=None):
        """Returns how many seconds have elapsed."""
        if self._state not in (self._STARTED, self._STOPPED):
            raise RuntimeError("Can not get the elapsed time of a stopwatch"
                               " if it has not been started/stopped")
        if self._state == self._STOPPED:
            elapsed = self._delta_seconds(self._started_at, self._stopped_at)
        else:
            elapsed = self._delta_seconds(self._started_at, now())
        if maximum is not None and elapsed > maximum:
            elapsed = max(0.0, maximum)
        return elapsed

    def __enter__(self):
        """Starts the watch."""
        self.start()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
        """Stops the watch (ignoring errors if stop fails)."""
        try:
            self.stop()
        except RuntimeError:  # nosec: errors are meant to be ignored
            pass

    def leftover(self, return_none=False):
        """Returns how many seconds are left until the watch expires.

        :param return_none: when ``True`` instead of raising a ``RuntimeError``
                            when no duration has been set this call will
                            return ``None`` instead.
        :type return_none: boolean
        """
        if self._state != self._STARTED:
            raise RuntimeError("Can not get the leftover time of a stopwatch"
                               " that has not been started")
        if self._duration is None:
            if not return_none:
                raise RuntimeError("Can not get the leftover time of a watch"
                                   " that has no duration")
            return None
        return max(0.0, self._duration - self.elapsed())

    def expired(self):
        """Returns if the watch has expired (ie, duration provided elapsed)."""
        if self._state not in (self._STARTED, self._STOPPED):
            raise RuntimeError("Can not check if a stopwatch has expired"
                               " if it has not been started/stopped")
        if self._duration is None:
            return False
        return self.elapsed() > self._duration

    def has_started(self):
        """Returns True if the watch is in a started state."""
        return self._state == self._STARTED

    def has_stopped(self):
        """Returns True if the watch is in a stopped state."""
        return self._state == self._STOPPED

    def resume(self):
        """Resumes the watch from a stopped state."""
        if self._state == self._STOPPED:
            self._state = self._STARTED
            return self
        else:
            raise RuntimeError("Can not resume a stopwatch that has not been"
                               " stopped")

    def stop(self):
        """Stops the watch."""
        if self._state == self._STOPPED:
            return self
        if self._state != self._STARTED:
            raise RuntimeError("Can not stop a stopwatch that has not been"
                               " started")
        self._stopped_at = now()
        self._state = self._STOPPED
        return self