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-<!--$Id: recovery.so,v 10.26 2000/08/16 17:50:40 margo Exp $-->
-<!--Copyright 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 by Sleepycat Software, Inc.-->
-<!--All rights reserved.-->
-<html>
-<head>
-<title>Berkeley DB Reference Guide: Recovery procedures</title>
-<meta name="description" content="Berkeley DB: An embedded database programmatic toolkit.">
-<meta name="keywords" content="embedded,database,programmatic,toolkit,b+tree,btree,hash,hashing,transaction,transactions,locking,logging,access method,access methods,java,C,C++">
-</head>
-<body bgcolor=white>
- <a name="2"><!--meow--></a>
-<table><tr valign=top>
-<td><h3><dl><dt>Berkeley DB Reference Guide:<dd>Transaction Protected Applications</dl></h3></td>
-<td width="1%"><a href="../../ref/transapp/logfile.html"><img src="../../images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a><a href="../../ref/toc.html"><img src="../../images/ref.gif" alt="Ref"></a><a href="../../ref/transapp/filesys.html"><img src="../../images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a>
-</td></tr></table>
-<p>
-<h1 align=center>Recovery procedures</h1>
-<p>The fifth component of the infrastructure, recovery procedures, concerns
-the recoverability of the database. After any application or system
-failure, there are two possible approaches to database recovery:
-<p><ol>
-<p><li>There is no need for recoverability and all databases can be recreated
-from scratch. While these applications may still need transaction
-protection for other reasons, recovery usually consists of removing the
-Berkeley DB environment home directory and all files it contains, and then
-restarting the application.
-<p><li>It is necessary to recover information after system or application
-failure. In this case, recovery processing must be performed on any
-database environments that were active at the time of the failure.
-Recovery processing involves running the <a href="../../utility/db_recover.html">db_recover</a> utility or
-calling the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html">DBENV-&gt;open</a> function with the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html#DB_RECOVER">DB_RECOVER</a> or
-<a href="../../api_c/env_open.html#DB_RECOVER_FATAL">DB_RECOVER_FATAL</a> flags.
-<p>During recovery processing, all database changes made by aborted or
-unfinished transactions are undone and all database changes made by
-committed transactions are redone, as necessary. Database applications
-must not be restarted until recovery completes. After recovery
-finishes, the environment is properly initialized so that applications
-may be restarted.
-</ol>
-<p>If you intend to do recovery, there are two possible types of recovery
-processing:
-<p><ol>
-<p><li><i>catastrophic</i> recovery. A failure that requires catastrophic
-recovery is a failure where either the database or log files have been
-destroyed or corrupted. For example, catastrophic failure includes the
-case where the disk drive on which either the database or logs are
-stored has been physically destroyed, or when the system's normal
-filesystem recovery on startup is unable to bring the database and log
-files to a consistent state. This is often difficult to detect, and
-perhaps the most common sign of the need for catastrophic recovery is
-when the normal recovery procedures fail.
-<p>To restore your database environment after catastrophic failure, take
-the following steps:
-<p><ol>
-<p><li>Restore the most recent snapshots of the database and log files from
-the backup media into the system directory where recovery will be
-performed.
-<p><li>If any log files were archived since the last snapshot was made, they
-should be restored into the Berkeley DB environment directory where recovery
-will be performed. Make sure you restore them in the order in which
-they were written. The order is important because it's possible that
-the same log file appears on multiple backups and you want to run
-recovery using the most recent version of each log file.
-<p><li>Run the <a href="../../utility/db_recover.html">db_recover</a> utility, specifying its <b>-c</b> option,
-or call the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html">DBENV-&gt;open</a> function specifying the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html#DB_RECOVER_FATAL">DB_RECOVER_FATAL</a>
-flag. The catastrophic recovery process will review the logs and
-database files to bring the environment databases to a consistent state
-as of the time of the last uncorrupted log file that is found. It is
-important to realize that only transactions committed before that date
-will appear in the databases.
-<p>It is possible to recreate the database in a location different than
-the original, by specifying appropriate pathnames to the <b>-h</b>
-option of the <a href="../../utility/db_recover.html">db_recover</a> utility. In order for this to work
-properly, it is important that your application reference files by
-names relative to the database home directory or the pathname(s) specified
-in calls to <a href="../../api_c/env_set_data_dir.html">DBENV-&gt;set_data_dir</a>, instead of using full path names.
-</ol>
-<p><li><i>non-catastrophic</i> or <i>normal</i> recovery. If the
-failure is non-catastrophic and the database files and log are both
-accessible on a stable filesystem, run the <a href="../../utility/db_recover.html">db_recover</a> utility
-without the <b>-c</b> option or call the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html">DBENV-&gt;open</a> function
-specifying the <a href="../../api_c/env_open.html#DB_RECOVER">DB_RECOVER</a> flag. The normal recovery process
-will review the logs and database files to ensure that all changes
-associated with committed transactions appear in the databases and that
-all uncommitted transactions do not.
-</ol>
-<table><tr><td><br></td><td width="1%"><a href="../../ref/transapp/logfile.html"><img src="../../images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a><a href="../../ref/toc.html"><img src="../../images/ref.gif" alt="Ref"></a><a href="../../ref/transapp/filesys.html"><img src="../../images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a>
-</td></tr></table>
-<p><font size=1><a href="http://www.sleepycat.com">Copyright Sleepycat Software</a></font>
-</body>
-</html>