path: root/src/libical/icalrecur.c

/*======================================================================
 FILE: icalrecur.c
 CREATOR: eric 16 May 2000

 (C) COPYRIGHT 2000, Eric Busboom <eric@softwarestudio.org>
     http://www.softwarestudio.org

 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of either:

    The LGPL as published by the Free Software Foundation, version
    2.1, available at: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html

 Or:

    The Mozilla Public License Version 1.0. You may obtain a copy of
    the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
========================================================================*/

/**
  @file icalrecur.c
  @brief Implementation of routines for dealing with recurring time

  How this code works:

  Processing starts when the caller generates a new recurrence
  iterator via icalrecur_iterator_new(). This routine copies the
  recurrence rule into the iterator and extracts things like start and
  end dates. Then, it checks if the rule is legal, using some logic
  from RFC5545 and some logic that probably should be in RFC5545.

  If compiled with support for Non-Gregorian Recurrence Rules (RFC7529),
  icalrecur_iterator_new() verifies that the given RSCALE is supported
  and configures ICU4C to convert occurrences to/from non-Gregorian dates.

  Then, icalrecur_iterator_new() re-writes some of the BY*
  arrays. This involves ( via a call to setup_defaults() ) :

  1) For BY rule parts with no data ( ie BYSECOND was not specified )
  copy the corresponding time part from DTSTART into the BY array. (
  So impl->by_ptrs[BY_SECOND] will then have one element if is
  originally had none ) This only happens if the BY* rule part data
  would expand the number of occurrences in the occurrence set. This
  lets the code ignore DTSTART later on and still use it to get the
  time parts that were not specified in any other way.

  2) For the by rule part that are not the same interval as the
  frequency -- for HOURLY anything but BYHOUR, for instance -- copy the
  first data element from the rule part into the first occurrence. For
  example, for "INTERVAL=MONTHLY and BYHOUR=10,30", initialize the
  first time to be returned to have an hour of 10.

  Finally, for INTERVAL=YEARLY, the routine expands the rule to get
  all of the days specified in the rule. The code will do this for
  each new year, and this is the first expansion. This is a special
  case for the yearly interval; no other frequency gets expanded this
  way. The yearly interval is the most complex, so some special
  processing is required.

  After creating a new iterator, the caller will make successive calls
  to icalrecur_iterator_next() to get the next time specified by the
  rule. The main part of this routine is a switch on the frequency of
  the rule. Each different frequency is handled by a different
  routine.

  For example, next_hour handles the case of INTERVAL=HOURLY, and it
  is called by other routines to get the next hour. First, the routine
  tries to get the next minute part of a time with a call to
  next_minute(). If next_minute() returns 1, it has reached the end of
  its data, usually the last element of the BYMINUTE array. Then, if
  there is data in the BYHOUR array, the routine changes the hour to
  the next one in the array. If INTERVAL=HOURLY, the routine advances
  the hour by the interval.

  If the routine used the last hour in the BYHOUR array, and the
  INTERVAL=HOURLY, then the routine calls increment_monthday() to set
  the next month day. The increment_* routines may call higher routine
  to increment the month or year also.

  The code for INTERVAL=DAILY is handled by next_day(). First, the
  routine tries to get the next hour part of a time with a call to
  next_hour. If next_hour() returns 1, it has reached the end of its
  data, usually the last element of the BYHOUR array. This means that
  next_day() should increment the time to the next day. If FREQUENCY==DAILY,
  the routine increments the day by the interval; otherwise, it
  increments the day by 1.

  Next_day() differs from next_hour because it does not use the BYDAY
  array to select an appropriate day. Instead, it returns every day (
  incrementing by 1 if the frequency is not DAILY with INTERVAL!=1)
  Any days that are not specified in an non-empty BYDAY array are
  filtered out later.

  Generally, the flow of these routine is for a next_* call a next_*
  routine of a lower interval ( next_day calls next_hour) and then to
  possibly call an increment_* routine of an equal or higher
  interval. ( next_day calls increment_monthday() )

  When the call to the original next_* routine returns,
  icalrecur_iterator_next() will check the returned data against other
  BYrule parts to determine if is should be excluded by calling
  check_contracting_rules. Generally, a contracting rule is any with a
  larger time span than the interval. For instance, if
  INTERVAL=DAILY, BYMONTH is a contracting rule part.

  Check_contracting_rules() uses icalrecur_check_rulepart() to do its
  work. icalrecur_check_rulepart() uses expand_map[] to determine if a rule
  is contracting, and if it is, and if the BY rule part has some data,
  then the routine checks if the value of a component of the time is
  part of the byrule part. For instance, for "INTERVAL=DAILY;
  BYMONTH=6,10", icalrecur_check_rulepart() would check that the time value
  given to it has a month of either 6 or 10.

  Finally, icalrecur_iterator_next() does a few other checks on the
  time value, and if it passes, it returns the time.

  A note about the end_of_data flag. The flag indicates that the
  routine is at the end of its data -- the last BY rule if the routine
  is using by rules, or the last day of the week/month/year/etc if
  not.

  This flag is usually set early in a next_* routine and returned in
  the end. The way it is used allows the next_* routine to set the
  last time back to the first element in a BYxx rule, and then signal
  to the higher level routine to increment the next higher level. For
  instance. WITH FREQ=MONTHLY;BYDAY=TU,FR, After next_weekday_by_month
  runs though both TU and FR, it sets the week day back to TU and sets
  end_of_data to 1x. This signals next_month to increment the month.

 ======================================================================*/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include "icalrecur.h"
#include "icalerror.h"
#include "icalmemory.h"
#include "icaltimezone.h"
#include "icalvalue.h"  /* for print_date[time]_to_string() */

#include <ctype.h>
#include <stddef.h>     /* For offsetof() macro */
#include <stdlib.h>

#if defined(HAVE_LIBICU)
#include <unicode/ucal.h>
#include <unicode/ustring.h>
#define RSCALE_IS_SUPPORTED 1
#else
#define RSCALE_IS_SUPPORTED 0

/* The maximums below are based on Gregorian leap years */
#undef ICAL_BY_MONTH_SIZE
#undef ICAL_BY_WEEKNO_SIZE
#undef ICAL_BY_YEARDAY_SIZE
#define ICAL_BY_MONTH_SIZE      13      /* 1 to 12 */
#define ICAL_BY_WEEKNO_SIZE     54      /* 1 to 53 */
#define ICAL_BY_YEARDAY_SIZE    367     /* 1 to 366 */
#endif

#if (SIZEOF_TIME_T > 4)
/** Arbitrarily go up to 1000th anniversary of Gregorian calendar, since
    64-bit time_t values get us up to the tm_year limit of 2+ billion years. */
#define MAX_TIME_T_YEAR 2582
#else
/** This is the last year we will go up to, since 32-bit time_t values
   only go up to the start of 2038. */
#define MAX_TIME_T_YEAR 2037
#endif

#define BYDAYIDX impl->by_indices[BY_DAY]
#define BYDAYPTR impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY]

#define BYMONIDX impl->by_indices[BY_MONTH]
#define BYMONPTR impl->by_ptrs[BY_MONTH]

#define BYMDIDX impl->by_indices[BY_MONTH_DAY]
#define BYMDPTR impl->by_ptrs[BY_MONTH_DAY]

#define BYYDIDX impl->by_indices[BY_YEAR_DAY]
#define BYYDPTR impl->by_ptrs[BY_YEAR_DAY]

#define BYWEEKIDX impl->by_indices[BY_WEEK_NO]
#define BYWEEKPTR impl->by_ptrs[BY_WEEK_NO]

#define LEAP_MONTH 0x1000

int icalrecurrencetype_rscale_is_supported(void)
{
    return RSCALE_IS_SUPPORTED;
}

/****************** Enumeration Routines ******************/

static struct freq_map
{
    icalrecurrencetype_frequency kind;
    const char *str;
} freq_map[] = {
    {ICAL_SECONDLY_RECURRENCE, "SECONDLY"},
    {ICAL_MINUTELY_RECURRENCE, "MINUTELY"},
    {ICAL_HOURLY_RECURRENCE, "HOURLY"},
    {ICAL_DAILY_RECURRENCE, "DAILY"},
    {ICAL_WEEKLY_RECURRENCE, "WEEKLY"},
    {ICAL_MONTHLY_RECURRENCE, "MONTHLY"},
    {ICAL_YEARLY_RECURRENCE, "YEARLY"},
    {ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE, 0}
};

icalrecurrencetype_frequency icalrecur_string_to_freq(const char *str)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; freq_map[i].kind != ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE; i++) {
        if (strcasecmp(str, freq_map[i].str) == 0) {
            return freq_map[i].kind;
        }
    }
    return ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE;
}

const char *icalrecur_freq_to_string(icalrecurrencetype_frequency kind)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; freq_map[i].kind != ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE; i++) {
        if (freq_map[i].kind == kind) {
            return freq_map[i].str;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static struct skip_map
{
    icalrecurrencetype_skip kind;
    const char *str;
} skip_map[] = {
    {ICAL_SKIP_BACKWARD, "BACKWARD"},
    {ICAL_SKIP_FORWARD, "FORWARD"},
    {ICAL_SKIP_OMIT, "OMIT"},
    {ICAL_SKIP_UNDEFINED, 0}
};

icalrecurrencetype_skip icalrecur_string_to_skip(const char *str)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; skip_map[i].kind != ICAL_SKIP_UNDEFINED; i++) {
        if (strcasecmp(str, skip_map[i].str) == 0) {
            return skip_map[i].kind;
        }
    }
    return ICAL_SKIP_UNDEFINED;
}

const char *icalrecur_skip_to_string(icalrecurrencetype_skip kind)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; skip_map[i].kind != ICAL_SKIP_UNDEFINED; i++) {
        if (skip_map[i].kind == kind) {
            return skip_map[i].str;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static struct wd_map
{
    icalrecurrencetype_weekday wd;
    const char *str;
} wd_map[] = {
    {ICAL_SUNDAY_WEEKDAY, "SU"},
    {ICAL_MONDAY_WEEKDAY, "MO"},
    {ICAL_TUESDAY_WEEKDAY, "TU"},
    {ICAL_WEDNESDAY_WEEKDAY, "WE"},
    {ICAL_THURSDAY_WEEKDAY, "TH"},
    {ICAL_FRIDAY_WEEKDAY, "FR"},
    {ICAL_SATURDAY_WEEKDAY, "SA"},
    {ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY, 0}
};

const char *icalrecur_weekday_to_string(icalrecurrencetype_weekday kind)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; wd_map[i].wd != ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY; i++) {
        if (wd_map[i].wd == kind) {
            return wd_map[i].str;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

icalrecurrencetype_weekday icalrecur_string_to_weekday(const char *str)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; wd_map[i].wd != ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY; i++) {
        if (strcasecmp(str, wd_map[i].str) == 0) {
            return wd_map[i].wd;
        }
    }

    return ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY;
}

/*********************** Rule parsing routines ************************/

struct icalrecur_parser
{
    const char *rule;
    char *copy;
    char *this_clause;
    char *next_clause;

    struct icalrecurrencetype rt;
};

static const char *icalrecur_first_clause(struct icalrecur_parser *parser)
{
    char *idx;

    parser->this_clause = parser->copy;

    idx = strchr(parser->this_clause, ';');

    if (idx == 0) {
        parser->next_clause = 0;
        return 0;
    }

    *idx = 0;
    idx++;
    parser->next_clause = idx;

    return parser->this_clause;
}

static const char *icalrecur_next_clause(struct icalrecur_parser *parser)
{
    char *idx;

    parser->this_clause = parser->next_clause;

    if (parser->this_clause == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    idx = strchr(parser->this_clause, ';');

    if (idx == 0) {
        parser->next_clause = 0;
    } else {

        *idx = 0;
        idx++;
        parser->next_clause = idx;
    }

    return parser->this_clause;
}

static void icalrecur_clause_name_and_value(struct icalrecur_parser *parser,
                                            char **name, char **value)
{
    char *idx;

    *name = parser->this_clause;

    idx = strchr(parser->this_clause, '=');

    if (idx == 0) {
        *name = 0;
        *value = 0;
        return;
    }

    *idx = 0;
    idx++;
    *value = idx;
}

static int icalrecur_add_byrules(struct icalrecur_parser *parser, short *array,
                                 int min, int size, char *vals)
{
    char *t, *n;
    int i = 0;
    int v;
    int max = size - (min == 0);

    n = vals;

    while (n != 0) {

        if (i == size) {
            return -1;
        }

        t = n;

        n = strchr(t, ',');

        if (n != 0) {
            *n = 0;
            n++;
        }

        v = strtol(t, &t, 10);

        /* Sanity check value */
        if (v < 0) {
            if (min >= 0 || v <= -max) {
                return -1;
            }
        } else if (v > 0) {
            if (v >= max) {
                return -1;
            }
        } else if (min) {
            return -1;
        }

        if (*t) {
            /* Check for leap month suffix (RSCALE only) */
            if (icalrecurrencetype_rscale_is_supported() &&
                array == parser->rt.by_month && strcmp(t, "L") == 0) {
                /* The "L" suffix in a BYMONTH recur-rule-part
                   is encoded by setting a high-order bit */
                v |= LEAP_MONTH;
            } else {
                return -1;
            }
        }

        array[i++] = (short)v;
        array[i] = ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX;
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * Days in the BYDAY rule are expected by the code to be sorted, and while
 * this may be the common case, the RFC doesn't actually mandate it. This
 * function sorts the days taking into account the first day of week.
 */
static void sort_bydayrules(struct icalrecur_parser *parser)
{
    short *array;
    int week_start, one, two, i, j;

    array = parser->rt.by_day;
    week_start = parser->rt.week_start;

    for (i = 0;
         i < ICAL_BY_DAY_SIZE && array[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            one = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(array[j]) - week_start;
            if (one < 0) {
                one += 7;
            }
            two = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(array[i]) - week_start;
            if (two < 0) {
                two += 7;
            }

            if (one > two) {
                short tmp = array[j];

                array[j] = array[i];
                array[i] = tmp;
            }
        }
    }
}

static int icalrecur_add_bydayrules(struct icalrecur_parser *parser,
                                    const char *vals)
{
    char *t, *n;
    int i = 0;
    short *array = parser->rt.by_day;
    char *vals_copy;

    vals_copy = icalmemory_strdup(vals);
    n = vals_copy;

    while (n != 0) {
        int sign = 1;
        signed char weekno;  /* note: Novell/Groupwise sends BYDAY=255SU,
                                so we fit in a signed char to get -1 SU for last Sun */
        icalrecurrencetype_weekday wd;

        if (i == ICAL_BY_DAY_SIZE) {
            free(vals_copy);
            return -1;
        }

        t = n;

        n = strchr(t, ',');

        if (n != 0) {
            *n = 0;
            n++;
        }

        /* Get Optional weekno */
        weekno = (signed char)strtol(t, &t, 10);
        if (weekno < 0) {
            weekno = -weekno;
            sign = -1;
        }

        /* Outlook/Exchange generate "BYDAY=MO, FR" and "BYDAY=2 TH".
         * Cope with that.
         */
        if (*t == ' ') {
            t++;
        }

        wd = icalrecur_string_to_weekday(t);

        /* Sanity check value */
        if (wd == ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY || weekno >= ICAL_BY_WEEKNO_SIZE) {
            free(vals_copy);
            return -1;
        }

        array[i++] = (short)(sign * (wd + 8 * weekno));
        array[i] = ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX;
    }

    free(vals_copy);

    sort_bydayrules(parser);

    return 0;
}

struct icalrecurrencetype icalrecurrencetype_from_string(const char *str)
{
    struct icalrecur_parser parser;

    memset(&parser, 0, sizeof(parser));
    icalrecurrencetype_clear(&parser.rt);

    icalerror_check_arg_re(str != 0, "str", parser.rt);

    /* Set up the parser struct */
    parser.rule = str;
    parser.copy = icalmemory_strdup(parser.rule);
    parser.this_clause = parser.copy;

    if (parser.copy == 0) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_NEWFAILED_ERROR);
        return parser.rt;
    }

    /* Loop through all of the clauses */
    for (icalrecur_first_clause(&parser);
         parser.this_clause != 0; icalrecur_next_clause(&parser)) {
        char *name, *value;
        int r = 0;

        icalrecur_clause_name_and_value(&parser, &name, &value);

        if (name == 0) {
            if (strlen(parser.this_clause) > 0) {
                r = -1;
            } else {
                /* Hit an empty name/value pair,
                   but we're also at the end of the string.
                   This was probably a trailing semicolon with no data
                   (e.g. "FREQ=WEEKLY;INTERVAL=1;BYDAY=MO;")
                */
                break;
            }
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "FREQ") == 0) {
            parser.rt.freq = icalrecur_string_to_freq(value);
            if (parser.rt.freq == ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE) r = -1;
        } else if (icalrecurrencetype_rscale_is_supported() &&
                   strcasecmp(name, "RSCALE") == 0) {
            parser.rt.rscale = icalmemory_strdup(value);
        } else if (icalrecurrencetype_rscale_is_supported() &&
                   strcasecmp(name, "SKIP") == 0) {
            parser.rt.skip = icalrecur_string_to_skip(value);
            if (parser.rt.skip == ICAL_SKIP_UNDEFINED) r = -1;
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "COUNT") == 0) {
            parser.rt.count = atoi(value);
            /* don't allow count to be less than 1 */
            if (parser.rt.count < 1) r = -1;
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "UNTIL") == 0) {
            parser.rt.until = icaltime_from_string(value);
            if (icaltime_is_null_time(parser.rt.until)) r = -1;
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "INTERVAL") == 0) {
            parser.rt.interval = (short)atoi(value);
            /* don't allow an interval to be less than 1
               (RFC specifies an interval must be a positive integer) */
            if (parser.rt.interval < 1) r = -1;
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "WKST") == 0) {
            parser.rt.week_start = icalrecur_string_to_weekday(value);
            if (parser.rt.week_start == ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY) {
                r = -1;
            } else {
                sort_bydayrules(&parser);
            }
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYSECOND") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_second,
                                      0, ICAL_BY_SECOND_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYMINUTE") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_minute,
                                      0, ICAL_BY_MINUTE_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYHOUR") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_hour,
                                      0, ICAL_BY_HOUR_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYDAY") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_bydayrules(&parser, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYMONTHDAY") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_month_day,
                                      -1, ICAL_BY_MONTHDAY_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYYEARDAY") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_year_day,
                                      -1, ICAL_BY_YEARDAY_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYWEEKNO") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_week_no,
                                      -1, ICAL_BY_WEEKNO_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYMONTH") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_month,
                                      1, ICAL_BY_MONTH_SIZE, value);
        } else if (strcasecmp(name, "BYSETPOS") == 0) {
            r = icalrecur_add_byrules(&parser, parser.rt.by_set_pos,
                                      -1, ICAL_BY_SETPOS_SIZE, value);
        } else {
            r = -1;
        }

        if (r) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
            free(parser.rt.rscale);
            icalrecurrencetype_clear(&parser.rt);
            break;
        }
    }

    free(parser.copy);

    return parser.rt;
}

static struct recur_map
{
    const char *str;
    size_t offset;
    int limit;
} recur_map[] = {
    { ";BYSECOND=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_second),
      ICAL_BY_SECOND_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYMINUTE=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_minute),
      ICAL_BY_MINUTE_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYHOUR=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_hour),
      ICAL_BY_HOUR_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYDAY=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_day),
      ICAL_BY_DAY_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYMONTHDAY=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_month_day),
      ICAL_BY_MONTHDAY_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYYEARDAY=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_year_day),
      ICAL_BY_YEARDAY_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYWEEKNO=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_week_no),
      ICAL_BY_WEEKNO_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYMONTH=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_month),
      ICAL_BY_MONTH_SIZE - 1 },
    { ";BYSETPOS=", offsetof(struct icalrecurrencetype, by_set_pos),
      ICAL_BY_SETPOS_SIZE - 1 },
    { 0, 0, 0 }
};

char *icalrecurrencetype_as_string(struct icalrecurrencetype *recur)
{
    char *buf;

    buf = icalrecurrencetype_as_string_r(recur);
    icalmemory_add_tmp_buffer(buf);
    return buf;
}

char *icalrecurrencetype_as_string_r(struct icalrecurrencetype *recur)
{
    char *str;
    char *str_p;
    size_t buf_sz = 200;
    char temp[20];
    int i, j;

    if (recur->freq == ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE) {
        return 0;
    }

    str = (char *)icalmemory_new_buffer(buf_sz);
    str_p = str;

    if (recur->rscale != 0) {
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, "RSCALE=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, recur->rscale);
        icalmemory_append_char(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ';');
    }

    icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, "FREQ=");
    icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz,
                             icalrecur_freq_to_string(recur->freq));

    if (recur->until.year != 0) {

        temp[0] = 0;
        if (recur->until.is_date) {
            print_date_to_string(temp, &(recur->until));
        } else {
            print_datetime_to_string(temp, &(recur->until));
        }

        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ";UNTIL=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
    }

    if (recur->count != 0) {
        snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d", recur->count);
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ";COUNT=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
    }

    if (recur->interval != 1) {
        snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d", recur->interval);
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ";INTERVAL=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
    }

    for (j = 0; recur_map[j].str != 0; j++) {
        short *array = (short *)(recur_map[j].offset + (size_t) recur);
        int limit = recur_map[j].limit;

        /* Skip unused arrays */
        if (array[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {

            icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, recur_map[j].str);

            for (i = 0;
                 i < limit && array[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
                if (j == 3) { /* BYDAY */
                    int pos = icalrecurrencetype_day_position(array[i]);
                    int dow = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(array[i]);
                    const char *daystr = icalrecur_weekday_to_string(dow);

                    if (pos == 0) {
                        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, daystr);
                    } else {
                        snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d%s", pos, daystr);
                        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
                    }

                } else if (j == 7 /* BYMONTH */ &&
                           icalrecurrencetype_month_is_leap(array[i])) {
                    snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%dL",
                             icalrecurrencetype_month_month(array[i]));
                    icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
                } else {
                    snprintf(temp, sizeof(temp), "%d", array[i]);
                    icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, temp);
                }

                if ((i + 1) < limit &&
                    array[i + 1] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
                    icalmemory_append_char(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ',');
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /* Monday is the default, so no need to write that out */
    if (recur->week_start != ICAL_MONDAY_WEEKDAY &&
        recur->week_start != ICAL_NO_WEEKDAY) {
        int dow = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(recur->week_start);
        const char *daystr = icalrecur_weekday_to_string(dow);
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ";WKST=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, daystr);
    }

    if (recur->rscale != 0 && recur->skip != ICAL_SKIP_OMIT) {
        const char *skipstr = icalrecur_skip_to_string(recur->skip);
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, ";SKIP=");
        icalmemory_append_string(&str, &str_p, &buf_sz, skipstr);
    }

    return str;
}

/************************* occurrence iteration routines ******************/

enum byrule
{
    NO_CONTRACTION = -1,
    BY_SECOND = 0,
    BY_MINUTE = 1,
    BY_HOUR = 2,
    BY_DAY = 3,
    BY_MONTH_DAY = 4,
    BY_YEAR_DAY = 5,
    BY_WEEK_NO = 6,
    BY_MONTH = 7,
    BY_SET_POS
};

/* Number of bits in an unsigned long */
#define BITS_PER_LONG      (8 * sizeof(unsigned long))

/* Number of longs in mask of n bits */
#define LONGS_PER_BITS(n)  ((n + BITS_PER_LONG -1 ) / BITS_PER_LONG)

#define ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE    (ICAL_BY_YEARDAY_SIZE + 7)
#define ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_OFFSET  4

struct icalrecur_iterator_impl
{
    struct icaltimetype dtstart;        /* Hack. Make into time_t */
    struct icaltimetype last;   /* last time return from _iterator_next */
    int occurrence_no;  /* number of step made on t iterator */
    struct icalrecurrencetype rule;

#if defined(HAVE_LIBICU)
    UCalendar *greg;    /* Gregorian calendar */
    UCalendar *rscale;  /* RSCALE calendar    */
    struct icaltimetype rstart; /* DTSTART in RSCALE  */
#endif

    struct icaltimetype period_start;  /* Start date of monthly/yearly period */

    /* days[] is a bitmask of year days.  A bit value of 1 marks an occurrence.
       The size of the bitmask is 7 + max days in year to accommodate full first
       and last weeks of the year: up to 3 days in previous year and
       up to 4 days in following year.  As a result, the days are offset by 4:
       bit 0 is day -3 (3rd last day of previous year) and bit 4 is day 1
       of the current year.  Days in the following year use higher day numbers,
       e.g. day 367 is day 1 or 2 of following year depending on whether the
       current year is a leap year.

       days_index is the day of year of the next occurrence,
       with a range of -3 to 4 + days in year.
    */
    unsigned long days[LONGS_PER_BITS(ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE)];
    short days_index;

    enum byrule byrule;
    short by_indices[9];
    short orig_data[9]; /**< 1 if there was data in the byrule */

    short *by_ptrs[9]; /**< Pointers into the by_* array elements of the rule */

};

static void daysmask_clearall(unsigned long mask[])
{
    memset(mask, 0,
           sizeof(unsigned long) * LONGS_PER_BITS(ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE));
}

static void daysmask_setbit(unsigned long mask[], short n, int v)
{
    n += ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_OFFSET;
    if (v) {
        mask[n / BITS_PER_LONG] |= (1UL << (n % BITS_PER_LONG));
    } else {
        mask[n / BITS_PER_LONG] &= ~(1UL << (n % BITS_PER_LONG));
    }
}

static unsigned long daysmask_getbit(unsigned long mask[], short n)
{
    n += ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_OFFSET;
    return (mask[n / BITS_PER_LONG] >> (n % BITS_PER_LONG)) & 1;
}

int icalrecur_iterator_sizeof_byarray(short *byarray)
{
    int array_itr;

    for (array_itr = 0;
         byarray[array_itr] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; array_itr++) {
    }

    return array_itr;
}

enum expand_table
{
    UNKNOWN = 0,
    CONTRACT = 1,
    EXPAND = 2,
    ILLEGAL = 3
};

/**
 * The split map indicates, for a particular interval, whether a BY_*
 * rule part expands the number of instances in the occurrence set or
 * contracts it. 1=> contract, 2=>expand, and 3 means the pairing is
 * not allowed.
 */

struct expand_split_map_struct
{
    icalrecurrencetype_frequency frequency;

    /* Elements of the 'map' array correspond to the BYxxx rules:
       Second,Minute,Hour,Day,Month Day,Year Day,Week No,Month,SetPos */

    short map[BY_SET_POS+1];
};

static const struct expand_split_map_struct expand_map[] = {
    /*                           s  m  h  D  MD YD W  M  P */
    {ICAL_SECONDLY_RECURRENCE, { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_MINUTELY_RECURRENCE, { 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_HOURLY_RECURRENCE,   { 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_DAILY_RECURRENCE,    { 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_WEEKLY_RECURRENCE,   { 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_MONTHLY_RECURRENCE,  { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 1, 1 }},
    {ICAL_YEARLY_RECURRENCE,   { 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 }},
    {ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE,       { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }} //krazy:exclude=style
};

static int has_by_data(icalrecur_iterator *impl, enum byrule byrule)
{
    return (impl->orig_data[byrule] == 1);
}

static void setup_defaults(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                           enum byrule byrule, int deftime)
{
    icalrecurrencetype_frequency freq = impl->rule.freq;

    if (expand_map[freq].map[byrule] == EXPAND) {

        /* Re-write the BY rule arrays with data from the DTSTART time so
           we don't have to explicitly deal with DTSTART */
        if (impl->by_ptrs[byrule][0] == ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
            impl->by_ptrs[byrule][0] = (short)deftime;
        }
    }
}

#if defined(HAVE_LIBICU)
/*
 * Callbacks for recurrence rules with RSCALE support (using ICU)
 *
 * References:
 *   - tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7529
 *   - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercalation_%28timekeeping%29
 *   - icu-project.org/apiref/icu4c/ucal_8h.html
 *   - cldr.unicode.org/development/development-process/design-proposals/chinese-calendar-support
 *   - cldr.unicode.org/development/development-process/design-proposals/islamic-calendar-types
 *
 * ICU Notes:
 *   - Months are 0-based
 *   - Leap months in Chinese and Hebrew calendars are handled differently
 */

icalarray *icalrecurrencetype_rscale_supported_calendars(void)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UEnumeration *en;
    icalarray *calendars;
    const char *cal;

    calendars = icalarray_new(sizeof(const char **), 20);

    en = ucal_getKeywordValuesForLocale("calendar", NULL, FALSE, &status);
    while ((cal = uenum_next(en, NULL, &status))) {
        cal = icalmemory_tmp_copy(cal);
        icalarray_append(calendars, &cal);
    }
    uenum_close(en);

    return calendars;
}

static void set_second(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int second)
{
    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_SECOND, (int32_t) second);
}

static void set_minute(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int minute)
{
    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_MINUTE, (int32_t) minute);
}

static void set_hour(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int hour)
{
    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, (int32_t) hour);
}

static void __set_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int month)
{
    int is_leap_month = icalrecurrencetype_month_is_leap(month);

    month = icalrecurrencetype_month_month(month) - 1;  /* UCal is 0-based */

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH, (int32_t) month);
    if (is_leap_month)
        ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, 1);
}

static int set_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int month)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    int actual_month;

    __set_month(impl, month);

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH, (int32_t) 1);

    actual_month = 1 +  /* UCal is 0-based */
        (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH, &status);

    if (ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, &status)) {
        actual_month |= LEAP_MONTH;
    }

    if (actual_month != month) {
        switch (impl->rule.skip) {
        default:
            /* Should never get here! */

        case ICAL_SKIP_OMIT:
            /* Invalid month */
            return 0;

        case ICAL_SKIP_BACKWARD:
            /* Skip back to next valid month */
            ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH, (int32_t) -1, &status);
            break;

        case ICAL_SKIP_FORWARD:
            /* UCal skips forward to valid month by default */
            break;
        }
    }

    return (1 +  /* UCal is 0-based */
            (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH, &status));
}

static int get_months_in_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    if (year) {
        ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) year);
    }

    return (1 +  /* UCal is 0-based */
            (int)ucal_getLimit(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH,
                               UCAL_ACTUAL_MAXIMUM, &status));
}

static int get_days_in_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    if (year) {
        ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) year);
    }

    return (int)ucal_getLimit(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR,
                              UCAL_ACTUAL_MAXIMUM, &status);
}

static void set_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int doy)
{
    if (doy < 0) {
        doy += get_days_in_year(impl, 0) + 1;
    }

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, (int32_t) doy);
}

static int get_start_of_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    int doy, dow;

    doy = (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, &status);
    dow = (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, &status);
    dow -= impl->rule.week_start;
    if (dow < 0) {
        dow += 7;
    }

    return (doy - dow);
}

static int get_day_of_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    return (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, &status);
}

static int get_week_number(icalrecur_iterator *impl, struct icaltimetype tt)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UDate last_millis;
    int month, weekno;

    /* Save existing rscale date */
    last_millis = ucal_getMillis(impl->rscale, &status);

    month = icalrecurrencetype_month_month(tt.month) - 1;  /* UCal is 0-based */
    ucal_setDate(impl->rscale,
                 (int32_t) tt.year, (int32_t) month, (int32_t) tt.day, &status);
    if (icalrecurrencetype_month_is_leap(tt.month)) {
        ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, 1);
    }

    weekno = (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_WEEK_OF_YEAR, &status);

    /* Restore saved rscale date */
    ucal_setMillis(impl->rscale, last_millis, &status);

    return weekno;
}

static int get_days_in_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int month, int year)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) year);

    if (!month) {
        month = impl->rstart.month;
    }
    __set_month(impl, month);

    return (int)ucal_getLimit(impl->rscale,
                              UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH, UCAL_ACTUAL_MAXIMUM, &status);
}

static int get_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                           int year, int month, int day, int *dow)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) year);

    if (!month) {
        month = impl->rstart.month;
    }
    __set_month(impl, month);

    if (!day) {
        day = impl->rstart.day;
    }
    else if (day < 0) {
        day += 1 + (int)ucal_getLimit(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH,
                                      UCAL_ACTUAL_MAXIMUM, &status);
    }
    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH, (int32_t) day);

    if (dow) {
        *dow = (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, &status);
    }

    return (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, &status);
}

static struct icaltimetype occurrence_as_icaltime(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                                                  int normalize)
{
    struct icaltimetype tt = impl->dtstart;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UCalendar *cal = impl->rscale;
    int is_leap_month = 0;

    if (impl->greg && normalize) {
        /* Convert to Gregorian date */
        UDate millis = ucal_getMillis(impl->rscale, &status);

        ucal_setMillis(impl->greg, millis, &status);
        cal = impl->greg;
    } else {
        is_leap_month =
            (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, &status);
    }

    tt.year = (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_YEAR, &status);
    tt.day = (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_DATE, &status);
    tt.month = 1 +  /* UCal is 0-based */
        (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_MONTH, &status);
    if (is_leap_month)
        tt.month |= LEAP_MONTH;

    if (!tt.is_date) {
        tt.hour = (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, &status);
        tt.minute = (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_MINUTE, &status);
        tt.second = (int)ucal_get(cal, UCAL_SECOND, &status);
    }

    return tt;
}

struct icaltimetype __icaltime_from_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                                                int day, int year, int *weekno)
{
    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) year);
    if (day < 0) {
        day += get_days_in_year(impl, 0) + 1;
    }

    ucal_set(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, (int32_t) day);

    if (weekno) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

        *weekno = (int)ucal_get(impl->rscale, UCAL_WEEK_OF_YEAR, &status);
    }

    return occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
}

static void increment_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_YEAR, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static void __increment_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_MONTH, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static void increment_monthday(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static void increment_hour(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static void increment_minute(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_MINUTE, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static void increment_second(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    ucal_add(impl->rscale, UCAL_SECOND, (int32_t) inc, &status);
}

static int validate_byrule(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                           enum byrule byrule, UCalendarDateFields field,
                           short (*decode_val)(short *, unsigned),
                           unsigned decode_flags)
{
    if (has_by_data(impl, byrule)) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        short *by_ptr = impl->by_ptrs[byrule];
        short max =
            (short)ucal_getLimit(impl->rscale, field, UCAL_MAXIMUM, &status);
        short idx;

        for (idx = 0; by_ptr[idx] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; idx++) {
            short val = decode_val ?
                decode_val(&by_ptr[idx], decode_flags) : by_ptr[idx];

            if (abs(val) > max) return 0;
        }
    }

    return 1;
}

static short decode_month(short *month, unsigned is_hebrew)
{
    if (is_hebrew && *month > 5) {  /* 5L == 0x1005 */
        /* Hebrew calendar:
           Translate RSCALE months to ICU (numbered 1-13, where 6 is leap).
           Hence, 5L maps to 6 and 6-12 map to 7-13. */
        *month = icalrecurrencetype_month_month(*month) + 1;
    }

    return icalrecurrencetype_month_month(*month) - 1;  /* UCal is 0-based */
}

static short decode_day(short *day, unsigned flags)
{
    _unused(flags);

    return icalrecurrencetype_day_position(*day);
}

static int initialize_iterator(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    struct icalrecurrencetype rule = impl->rule;
    struct icaltimetype dtstart = impl->dtstart;
    char locale[ULOC_KEYWORD_AND_VALUES_CAPACITY] = "";
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar *tzid = NULL;
    short is_hebrew = 0;

    if (dtstart.zone) {
        /* Convert the UTF8 timezoneid of dstart to ICU UChar. */
        const char *src = icaltimezone_get_tzid((icaltimezone *) dtstart.zone);
        size_t len = (strlen(src) + 1) * U_SIZEOF_UCHAR;
        tzid = icalmemory_tmp_buffer(len);
        tzid = u_strFromUTF8Lenient(tzid, (int32_t)len, NULL, src, -1, &status);
        if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /* Create locale for Gregorian calendar */
    (void)uloc_setKeywordValue("calendar", "gregorian",
                               locale, sizeof(locale), &status);

    /* Create Gregorian calendar and set to DTSTART */
    impl->greg =
        ucal_open(tzid, -1, locale, UCAL_DEFAULT, &status);
    if (impl->greg) {
        ucal_setDateTime(impl->greg,
                         (int32_t) dtstart.year,
                         (int32_t) (dtstart.month - 1), /* UCal is 0-based */
                         (int32_t) dtstart.day,
                         (int32_t) dtstart.hour,
                         (int32_t) dtstart.minute,
                         (int32_t) dtstart.second, &status);
    }
    if (!impl->greg || U_FAILURE(status)) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_INTERNAL_ERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    if (!rule.rscale) {
        /* Use Gregorian as RSCALE */
        impl->rscale = impl->greg;
        impl->greg = NULL;
    } else {
        UEnumeration *en;
        const char *cal;
        char *r;

        /* Lowercase the specified calendar */
        for (r = rule.rscale; *r; r++) {
            *r = tolower((int)*r);
        }

        /* Check if specified calendar is supported */
        en = ucal_getKeywordValuesForLocale("calendar", NULL, FALSE, &status);
        while ((cal = uenum_next(en, NULL, &status))) {
            if (!strcmp(cal, rule.rscale)) {
                is_hebrew = !strcmp(rule.rscale, "hebrew");
                break;
            }
        }
        uenum_close(en);
        if (!cal) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_UNIMPLEMENTED_ERROR);
            return 0;
        }

        /* Create locale for RSCALE calendar */
        (void)uloc_setKeywordValue("calendar", rule.rscale,
                                   locale, sizeof(locale), &status);

        /* Create RSCALE calendar and set to DTSTART */
        impl->rscale =
            ucal_open(tzid, -1, locale, UCAL_DEFAULT, &status);
        if (impl->rscale) {
            UDate millis = ucal_getMillis(impl->greg, &status);

            ucal_setMillis(impl->rscale, millis, &status);
        }
        if (!impl->rscale || U_FAILURE(status)) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_INTERNAL_ERROR);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /* Validate BY_* array values whose legal maximums differ based on RSCALE */
    if (!validate_byrule(impl, BY_MONTH, UCAL_MONTH,
                         &decode_month, (unsigned)is_hebrew) ||
        !validate_byrule(impl, BY_DAY, UCAL_WEEK_OF_YEAR, &decode_day, 0) ||
        !validate_byrule(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY, UCAL_DAY_OF_MONTH, NULL, 0) ||
        !validate_byrule(impl, BY_YEAR_DAY, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, NULL, 0) ||
        !validate_byrule(impl, BY_WEEK_NO, UCAL_WEEK_OF_YEAR, NULL, 0) ||
        !validate_byrule(impl, BY_SET_POS, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, NULL, 0)) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Set iCalendar defaults */
    ucal_setAttribute(impl->rscale, UCAL_MINIMAL_DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK, 4);
    ucal_setAttribute(impl->rscale, UCAL_FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK, rule.week_start);

    /* Get rstart (DTSTART in RSCALE) */
    impl->rstart = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);

    /* Set up defaults for BY_* arrays */
    setup_defaults(impl, BY_SECOND, impl->rstart.second);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MINUTE, impl->rstart.minute);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_HOUR, impl->rstart.hour);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY, impl->rstart.day);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MONTH, impl->rstart.month);

    return 1;
}

#else /* !HAVE_LIBICU */

/*
 * Callbacks for recurrence rules without RSCALE (Gregorian only)
 */

icalarray *icalrecurrencetype_rscale_supported_calendars(void)
{
    return NULL;
}

static void set_second(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int second)
{
    impl->last.second = second;
}

static void set_minute(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int minute)
{
    impl->last.minute = minute;
}

static void set_hour(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int hour)
{
    impl->last.hour = hour;
}

static int set_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int month)
{
    return (impl->last.month = month);
}

#define get_months_in_year(impl, year)  (12)

static int get_days_in_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year)
{
    _unused(impl);

    return icaltime_days_in_year(year);
}

static void set_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int doy)
{
    struct icaltimetype next;

    if (doy < 0) {
        doy += get_days_in_year(impl, impl->last.year) + 1;
    }

    next = icaltime_from_day_of_year(doy, impl->last.year);

    impl->last.day = next.day;
    impl->last.month = next.month;
    impl->last.year = next.year;
}

static int get_start_of_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    return icaltime_start_doy_week(impl->last, impl->rule.week_start);
}

static int get_day_of_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    return icaltime_day_of_week(impl->last);
}

/* Calculate ISO weeks per year
   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date#Weeks_per_year */
static int weeks_in_year(int year)
{
    /* Long years occur when year starts on Thu or leap year starts on Wed */
    int dow = icaltime_day_of_week(icaltime_from_day_of_year(1, year));
    int is_long = (dow == 5 || (dow == 4 && icaltime_is_leap_year(year)));

    return (52 + is_long);
}

/* Calculate ISO week number
   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date#Calculation */
static int get_week_number(icalrecur_iterator *impl, struct icaltimetype tt)
{
    int dow, week;

    _unused(impl);

    /* Normalize day of week so that week_start day is 1 */
    dow = icaltime_day_of_week(tt) - (impl->rule.week_start - 1);
    if (dow <= 0)
        dow += 7;

    week = (icaltime_day_of_year(tt) - dow + 10) / 7;
    if (week < 1) {
        /* Last week of preceding year */
        week = weeks_in_year(tt.year - 1);
    } else if (week > weeks_in_year(tt.year)) {
        /* First week of following year */
        week = 1;
    }

    return week;
}

static int get_days_in_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int month, int year)
{
    _unused(impl);

    return icaltime_days_in_month(month, year);
}

static int get_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                           int year, int month, int day, int *dow)
{
    struct icaltimetype t = impl->dtstart;

    t.is_date = 1;
    t.year = year;

    if (!month) {
        month = impl->dtstart.month;
    }
    t.month = month;

    if (!day) {
        day = impl->dtstart.day;
    }
    else if (day < 0) {
        day += icaltime_days_in_month(month, year) + 1;
    }
    t.day = day;

    if (dow) {
        *dow = icaltime_day_of_week(t);
    }

    return icaltime_day_of_year(t);
}

static struct icaltimetype occurrence_as_icaltime(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                                                  int normalize)
{
    return (normalize ? icaltime_normalize(impl->last) : impl->last);
}

struct icaltimetype __icaltime_from_day_of_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                                                int day, int year, int *weekno)
{
    struct icaltimetype tt;

    if (day < 0) {
        day += get_days_in_year(impl, year) + 1;
    }

    tt = icaltime_from_day_of_year(day, year);

    if (weekno) {
        *weekno = get_week_number(impl, tt);
    }
    return tt;
}

static void increment_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    impl->last.year += inc;
}

static void __increment_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    int years;

    impl->last.month += inc;

    /* Months are offset by one */
    impl->last.month--;

    years = impl->last.month / 12;

    impl->last.month = impl->last.month % 12;

    impl->last.month++;

    if (years != 0) {
        increment_year(impl, years);
    }
}

static void increment_monthday(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    int i;

    if (inc < 0) {
        impl->last.day += inc;
        icaltime_normalize(impl->last);
        return;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < inc; i++) {
        int days_in_month =
            icaltime_days_in_month(impl->last.month, impl->last.year);

        impl->last.day++;

        if (impl->last.day > days_in_month) {
            impl->last.day = impl->last.day - days_in_month;
            __increment_month(impl, 1);
        }
    }
}

static void increment_hour(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    int days;

    impl->last.hour += inc;

    days = impl->last.hour / 24;
    impl->last.hour = impl->last.hour % 24;

    if (days != 0) {
        increment_monthday(impl, days);
    }
}

static void increment_minute(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    int hours;

    impl->last.minute += inc;

    hours = impl->last.minute / 60;
    impl->last.minute = impl->last.minute % 60;

    if (hours != 0) {
        increment_hour(impl, hours);
    }
}

static void increment_second(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int inc)
{
    int minutes;

    impl->last.second += inc;

    minutes = impl->last.second / 60;
    impl->last.second = impl->last.second % 60;

    if (minutes != 0) {
        increment_minute(impl, minutes);
    }
}

static int initialize_iterator(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    /* Set up defaults for BY_* arrays */
    setup_defaults(impl, BY_SECOND, impl->dtstart.second);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MINUTE, impl->dtstart.minute);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_HOUR, impl->dtstart.hour);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY, impl->dtstart.day);

    setup_defaults(impl, BY_MONTH, impl->dtstart.month);

    return 1;
}

#endif /* HAVE_LIBICU */

static void increment_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl);
static int expand_month_days(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year, int month);
static int expand_year_days(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year);
static int next_yearday(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                        void (*next_period)(icalrecur_iterator *));

icalrecur_iterator *icalrecur_iterator_new(struct icalrecurrencetype rule,
                                           struct icaltimetype dtstart)
{
    icalrecur_iterator *impl;
    icalrecurrencetype_frequency freq = rule.freq;
    struct icaltimetype last;
    enum byrule byrule;

    icalerror_clear_errno();

    if (freq == ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
        return 0;
    }

#define IN_RANGE(val, min, max) (val >= min && val <= max)

    /* Make sure that DTSTART is a sane value */
    if (!icaltime_is_valid_time(dtstart) ||
        !IN_RANGE(dtstart.year, 0, MAX_TIME_T_YEAR) ||
        !IN_RANGE(dtstart.month, 1, 12) ||
        !IN_RANGE(dtstart.day, 1,
                  icaltime_days_in_month(dtstart.month, dtstart.year)) ||
        (!dtstart.is_date && (!IN_RANGE(dtstart.hour, 0, 23) ||
                              !IN_RANGE(dtstart.minute, 0, 59) ||
                              !IN_RANGE(dtstart.second, 0, 59)))) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    if (!(impl = (icalrecur_iterator *)malloc(sizeof(icalrecur_iterator)))) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_NEWFAILED_ERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    memset(impl, 0, sizeof(icalrecur_iterator));

    impl->rule = rule;
    impl->last = dtstart;
    impl->dtstart = dtstart;
    impl->days_index = ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE;
    impl->occurrence_no = 0;

    /* Set up convenience pointers to make the code simpler. Allows
       us to iterate through all of the BY* arrays in the rule. */

    impl->by_ptrs[BY_MONTH] = impl->rule.by_month;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_WEEK_NO] = impl->rule.by_week_no;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_YEAR_DAY] = impl->rule.by_year_day;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_MONTH_DAY] = impl->rule.by_month_day;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY] = impl->rule.by_day;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_HOUR] = impl->rule.by_hour;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_MINUTE] = impl->rule.by_minute;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_SECOND] = impl->rule.by_second;
    impl->by_ptrs[BY_SET_POS] = impl->rule.by_set_pos;

    memset(impl->orig_data, 0, 9 * sizeof(short));

    /* Note which by rules had data in them when the iterator was
       created. We can't use the actual by_x arrays, because the
       empty ones will be given default values later in this
       routine. The orig_data array will be used later in has_by_data */

    impl->orig_data[BY_MONTH] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_month[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_WEEK_NO] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_week_no[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_YEAR_DAY] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_year_day[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_MONTH_DAY] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_month_day[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_DAY] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_day[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_HOUR] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_hour[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_MINUTE] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_minute[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_SECOND] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_second[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    impl->orig_data[BY_SET_POS] =
      (short)(impl->rule.by_set_pos[0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);

    /* Check if the recurrence rule is legal */

    for (byrule = BY_SECOND; byrule <= BY_SET_POS; byrule++) {
        if (expand_map[freq].map[byrule] == ILLEGAL &&
            impl->by_ptrs[byrule][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
            free(impl);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /* Rewrite some of the rules and set up defaults to make later
       processing easier. Primarily, it involves copying an element
       from the start time into the corresponding BY_* array when the
       BY_* array is empty */

    if (initialize_iterator(impl) == 0) {
        icalrecur_iterator_free(impl);
        return 0;
    }

    last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);

    switch (impl->rule.freq) {
    case ICAL_WEEKLY_RECURRENCE:

        if (impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY][0] == ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {

            /* Weekly recurrences with no BY_DAY data should occur on the
               same day of the week as the start time . */
            impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY][0] = (short)get_day_of_week(impl);

        } else {
            /* If there is BY_DAY data, then we need to move the initial
               time to the start of the BY_DAY data. That is if the
               start time is on a Wednesday, and the rule has
               BYDAY=MO,WE,FR, move the initial time back to
               monday. Otherwise, jumping to the next week ( jumping 7
               days ahead ) will skip over some occurrences in the
               second week. */

            /* This depends on impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY] being correctly sorted by
             * day. This should probably be abstracted to make such assumption
             * more explicit. */
            short this_dow = (short)get_day_of_week(impl);
            short dow = (short)(impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY][0] - this_dow);

            /* Normalize day of week around week start */
            if (dow != 0 && this_dow < (short)impl->rule.week_start)
                dow -= 7;

            if ((this_dow < impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY][0] && dow >= 0) || dow < 0) {
                /* initial time is after first day of BY_DAY data */
                increment_monthday(impl, dow);
            }
        }
        break;

    case ICAL_YEARLY_RECURRENCE:
        /* For YEARLY rule, begin by setting up the year days array.
           The YEARLY rules work by expanding one year at a time. */

        /* Fail after hitting the year 20000 if no expanded days match */
        while (last.year < 20000) {
            expand_year_days(impl, last.year);
            if (icalerrno != ICAL_NO_ERROR) {
                icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
                free(impl);
                return 0;
            }
            if (impl->days_index < ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE) {
                break;  /* break when a matching day is found */
            }
            increment_year(impl, impl->rule.interval);
            last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
        }

        /* Copy the first day into last. */
        set_day_of_year(impl, impl->days_index);

        break;

    case ICAL_MONTHLY_RECURRENCE:
        /* For MONTHLY rule, begin by setting up the year days array.
           The MONTHLY rules work by expanding one month at a time. */

        /* Fail after hitting the year 20000 if no expanded days match */
        while (last.year < 20000) {
            expand_month_days(impl, last.year, last.month);
            if (impl->days_index < ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE) {
                break;  /* break when a matching day is found */
            }
            increment_month(impl);
            last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
        }

        /* Copy the first day into last. */
        set_day_of_year(impl, impl->days_index);

        break;

    default:
        break;
    }

    impl->last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 1);

    /* Fail if first instance exceeds MAX_TIME_T_YEAR */
    if (impl->last.year > MAX_TIME_T_YEAR) {
        icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
        free(impl);
        return 0;
    }

    return impl;
}

void icalrecur_iterator_free(icalrecur_iterator *i)
{
    icalerror_check_arg_rv((i != 0), "impl");

#if defined(HAVE_LIBICU)
    if (i->greg) {
        ucal_close(i->greg);
    }
    if (i->rscale) {
        ucal_close(i->rscale);
    }
#endif

    free(i);
}

/** Increment month is different that the other increment_* routines --
   it figures out the interval for itself, and uses BYMONTH data if
   available. */
static void increment_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH)) {
        /* Ignore the frequency and use the byrule data */

        do {
            BYMONIDX++;

            if (BYMONPTR[BYMONIDX] == ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
                BYMONIDX = 0;

                increment_year(impl, 1);
            }

        } while (!set_month(impl, BYMONPTR[BYMONIDX]));

    } else {

        int inc;

        if (impl->rule.freq == ICAL_MONTHLY_RECURRENCE) {
            inc = impl->rule.interval;
        } else {
            inc = 1;
        }

        __increment_month(impl, inc);
    }
}

#if 0
#include "ical.h"
void test_increment()
{
    icalrecur_iterator impl;

    impl.last = icaltime_from_string("20000101T000000Z");

    printf("Orig: %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));

    increment_second(&impl, 5);
    printf("+ 5 sec    : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));

    increment_second(&impl, 355);
    printf("+ 355 sec  : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));

    increment_minute(&impl, 5);
    printf("+ 5 min    : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));

    increment_minute(&impl, 360);
    printf("+ 360 min  : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));
    increment_hour(&impl, 5);
    printf("+ 5 hours  : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));
    increment_hour(&impl, 43);
    printf("+ 43 hours : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));
    increment_monthday(&impl, 3);
    printf("+ 3 days   : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));
    increment_monthday(&impl, 600);
    printf("+ 600 days  : %s\n", icaltime_as_ctime(impl.last));
}

#endif

static int next_second(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int has_by_second =
        (impl->by_ptrs[BY_SECOND][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    int this_frequency = (impl->rule.freq == ICAL_SECONDLY_RECURRENCE);

    int end_of_data = 0;

    assert(has_by_second || this_frequency);

    if (has_by_second) {
        /* Ignore the frequency and use the byrule data */

        impl->by_indices[BY_SECOND]++;

        if (impl->by_ptrs[BY_SECOND][impl->by_indices[BY_SECOND]] ==
            ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
            impl->by_indices[BY_SECOND] = 0;

            end_of_data = 1;
        }

        set_second(impl, impl->by_ptrs[BY_SECOND][impl->by_indices[BY_SECOND]]);

    } else if (!has_by_second && this_frequency) {
        /* Compute the next value from the last time and the freq interval */
        increment_second(impl, impl->rule.interval);
    }

    /* If we have gone through all of the seconds on the BY list, then we
       need to move to the next minute */

    if (has_by_second && end_of_data && this_frequency) {
        increment_minute(impl, 1);
    }

    return end_of_data;
}

static int next_minute(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int has_by_minute =
        (impl->by_ptrs[BY_MINUTE][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    int this_frequency = (impl->rule.freq == ICAL_MINUTELY_RECURRENCE);

    int end_of_data = 0;

    assert(has_by_minute || this_frequency);

    if (next_second(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (has_by_minute) {
        /* Ignore the frequency and use the byrule data */

        impl->by_indices[BY_MINUTE]++;

        if (impl->by_ptrs[BY_MINUTE][impl->by_indices[BY_MINUTE]]
            == ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {

            impl->by_indices[BY_MINUTE] = 0;

            end_of_data = 1;
        }

        set_minute(impl, impl->by_ptrs[BY_MINUTE][impl->by_indices[BY_MINUTE]]);

    } else if (!has_by_minute && this_frequency) {
        /* Compute the next value from the last time and the freq interval */
        increment_minute(impl, impl->rule.interval);
    }

    /* If we have gone through all of the minutes on the BY list, then we
       need to move to the next hour */

    if (has_by_minute && end_of_data && this_frequency) {
        increment_hour(impl, 1);
    }

    return end_of_data;
}

static int next_hour(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int has_by_hour = (impl->by_ptrs[BY_HOUR][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    int this_frequency = (impl->rule.freq == ICAL_HOURLY_RECURRENCE);

    int end_of_data = 0;

    assert(has_by_hour || this_frequency);

    if (next_minute(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (has_by_hour) {
        /* Ignore the frequency and use the byrule data */

        impl->by_indices[BY_HOUR]++;

        if (impl->by_ptrs[BY_HOUR][impl->by_indices[BY_HOUR]] ==
            ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
            impl->by_indices[BY_HOUR] = 0;

            end_of_data = 1;
        }

        set_hour(impl, impl->by_ptrs[BY_HOUR][impl->by_indices[BY_HOUR]]);

    } else if (!has_by_hour && this_frequency) {
        /* Compute the next value from the last time and the freq interval */
        increment_hour(impl, impl->rule.interval);
    }

    /* If we have gone through all of the hours on the BY list, then we
       need to move to the next day */

    if (has_by_hour && end_of_data && this_frequency) {
        increment_monthday(impl, 1);
    }

    return end_of_data;
}

static int next_day(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int has_by_day = (impl->by_ptrs[BY_DAY][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX);
    int this_frequency = (impl->rule.freq == ICAL_DAILY_RECURRENCE);

    assert(has_by_day || this_frequency);
    _unused(has_by_day);

    if (next_hour(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* Always increment through the interval, since this routine is not
       called by any other next_* routine, and the days that are
       excluded will be taken care of by restriction filtering */

    if (this_frequency) {
        increment_monthday(impl, impl->rule.interval);
    } else {
        increment_monthday(impl, 1);
    }

    return 0;
}

static int check_set_position(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int set_pos)
{
    int i;
    int found = 0;

    for (i = 0;
         i < ICAL_BY_SETPOS_SIZE &&
             impl->rule.by_set_pos[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX;
         i++) {
        if (impl->rule.by_set_pos[i] == set_pos) {
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return found;
}

/* Add each BYMONTHDAY to the year days bitmask */
static int expand_bymonth_days(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year, int month)
{
    int i, set_pos_total = 0;
    int days_in_month = get_days_in_month(impl, month, year);

    for (i = 0; BYMDPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
        short doy = 0, mday = BYMDPTR[i];
        int this_month = month;

        if (abs(mday) > days_in_month) {
            int days_in_year = get_days_in_year(impl, year);

            switch (impl->rule.skip) {
            default:
                /* Should never get here! */

            case ICAL_SKIP_OMIT:
                continue;

            case ICAL_SKIP_FORWARD:
                if (mday > 0) this_month++;  /* Next month */

                if (this_month > get_months_in_year(impl, year)) {
                    doy = days_in_year + 1;  /* First day of next year */
                } else {
                    mday = 1;                /* First day of month */
                }
                break;

            case ICAL_SKIP_BACKWARD:
                if (mday < 0) {
                    this_month--;  /* Prev month */
                }

                if (this_month == 0) {
                    doy = -1;      /* Last day of prev year */
                } else {
                    mday = -1;     /* Last day of month */
                }
                break;
            }
        }

        if (!doy) {
            doy = get_day_of_year(impl, year, this_month, mday, NULL);
        }

        daysmask_setbit(impl->days, doy, 1);
        set_pos_total++;
        if (doy < impl->days_index) impl->days_index = doy;
    }

    return set_pos_total;
}

/* Expand the BYDAY rule part and apply it to the year days map. */
static int expand_by_day(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year,
                         int doy_offset, int last_day,
                         int first_dow, int last_dow,
                         int is_limiting)
{
    /* Try to calculate each of the occurrences. */
    unsigned long bydays[LONGS_PER_BITS(ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE)];
    int i, set_pos_total = 0;
    short doy;

    daysmask_clearall(bydays);

    for (i = 0; BYDAYPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
        /* This is 1 (Sun) to 7 (Sat). */
        int dow = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(BYDAYPTR[i]);
        int pos = icalrecurrencetype_day_position(BYDAYPTR[i]);
        int first_matching_day, last_matching_day;
        int day, this_weekno;

        /* Calculate the first day in the period
           with the given weekday, and the last day. */
        first_matching_day = ((dow + 7 - first_dow) % 7) + 1;
        last_matching_day = last_day - ((last_dow + 7 - dow) % 7);

        if (pos == 0) {
            /* First instance of the weekday within the period.
               (Remaining instances added by loop below. */
            day = first_matching_day;

        } else if (pos > 0) {
            /* nth instance of the weekday within the period. */
            day = first_matching_day + (pos - 1) * 7;

            if (day > last_matching_day) {
                continue;
            }

        } else { /* pos < 0 */
            /* -nth instance of the weekday within the period. */
            day = last_matching_day + (pos + 1) * 7;

            if (day < first_matching_day) {
                continue;
            }
        }

        (void)__icaltime_from_day_of_year(impl, day + doy_offset, year,
                                          &this_weekno);

        /* Add instance(s) of the weekday within the period */
        do {
            int valid = 1;

            if (has_by_data(impl, BY_WEEK_NO)) {
                /* Make sure our day falls in one of the BYWEEKNO */
                int j;

                for (j = 0; BYWEEKPTR[j] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; j++) {
                    int weekno = BYWEEKPTR[j];

                    if (weekno != this_weekno) valid = 0;
                }
            }

            if (valid) {
                daysmask_setbit(bydays, day + doy_offset, 1);
            }

        } while (!pos && ((day += 7) <= last_day) && ++this_weekno);
    }

    /* Apply bydays map to the year days bitmask */
    for (doy = doy_offset+1; doy <= doy_offset + last_day; doy++) {
        int valid;

        if (is_limiting) {
            /* "Filter" the year days bitmask with the bydays bitmask */
            valid = (int)(daysmask_getbit(impl->days, doy) &
                          daysmask_getbit(bydays, doy));
        } else {
            /* Add each BYDAY to the year days bitmask */
            valid = (int)daysmask_getbit(bydays, doy);
        }

        daysmask_setbit(impl->days, doy, valid);

        if (valid) {
            set_pos_total++;
            if (doy < impl->days_index) impl->days_index = doy;
        }
    }

    return set_pos_total;
}

/* "Filter" the year days bitmask with each BYSETPOS */
static void filter_bysetpos(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int pos_total,
                            int start_doy, int end_doy)
{
    int pos_count = 0;
    short doy;

    impl->days_index = ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE;

    for (doy = start_doy; doy <= end_doy; doy++) {
        if (daysmask_getbit(impl->days, doy)) {

            daysmask_setbit(impl->days, doy,
                            (check_set_position(impl, pos_count + 1) ||
                             check_set_position(impl, pos_count - pos_total)));

            if (daysmask_getbit(impl->days, doy) && doy < impl->days_index) {
                impl->days_index = doy;
            }
            pos_count++;
        }
    }
}

/* For INTERVAL=MONTHLY, set up the year days bitmask in the iterator to
   list all of the days of the current month that are specified in this
   rule. */
static int expand_month_days(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year, int month)
{
    int doy_offset, days_in_month, first_dow, set_pos_total;

    daysmask_clearall(impl->days);

    /* We may end up skipping fwd/bwd a month during expansion.
       Mark our current start date so next_month() can increment from here */
    impl->period_start = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);

    doy_offset = get_day_of_year(impl, year, month, 1, &first_dow) - 1;
    days_in_month = get_days_in_month(impl, month, year);

    /* Add each BYMONTHDAY to the year days bitmask */
    set_pos_total = expand_bymonth_days(impl, year, month);

    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_DAY)) {
        /* Apply each BYDAY to the year days bitmask */
        int last_dow;

        impl->days_index = ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE;

        (void)get_day_of_year(impl, year, month, days_in_month, &last_dow);

        set_pos_total = expand_by_day(impl, year, doy_offset, days_in_month,
                                      first_dow, last_dow,
                                      has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY));
    }

    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_SET_POS)) {
        /* "Filter" the year days bitmask with each BYSETPOS */
        filter_bysetpos(impl, set_pos_total,
                        doy_offset + 1, doy_offset + days_in_month);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void __next_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    struct icaltimetype this;

    /* Increment to and expand the next month */
    increment_month(impl);
    this = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
    expand_month_days(impl, this.year, this.month);
}

static int next_month(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    return next_yearday(impl, &__next_month);
}

static int next_weekday_by_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int end_of_data = 0;
    int start_of_week, dow;

    if (next_hour(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (!has_by_data(impl, BY_DAY)) {
        return 1;
    }

    /* If we get here, we need to step to the next day */

    for (;;) {
        BYDAYIDX++;     /* Look at next elem in BYDAY array */

        /* Are we at the end of the BYDAY array? */
        if (BYDAYPTR[BYDAYIDX] == ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
            BYDAYIDX = 0;       /* Reset to 0 */
            end_of_data = 1;    /* Signal that we're at the end */
        }

        /* Add the day of week offset to to the start of this week, and use
           that to get the next day */
        /* ignore position of dow ("4FR"), only use dow ("FR") */
        dow = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(BYDAYPTR[BYDAYIDX]);
        dow -= impl->rule.week_start;   /* Set Sunday to be 0 */
        if (dow < 0) {
            dow += 7;
        }

        start_of_week = get_start_of_week(impl);

        if (dow + start_of_week < 1) {
            /* The selected date is in the previous year. */
            if (!end_of_data) {
                continue;
            }

            increment_year(impl, -1);
            start_of_week--;    /* set_day_of_year() assumes last doy == -1 */
        }

        set_day_of_year(impl, start_of_week + dow);

        return end_of_data;
    }
}

static int next_week(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int end_of_data = 0;

    /* Increment to the next week day,
       if there is data at a level less than a week */
    if (next_weekday_by_week(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;       /* Have not reached end of week yet */
    }

    /* If we get here, we have incremented through the entire week, and
       can increment to the next week */

    /* Jump to the next week */
    increment_monthday(impl, 7 * impl->rule.interval);

    return end_of_data;
}

/* For INTERVAL=YEARLY, set up the year days bitmask in the iterator to
   list all of the days of the current year that are specified in this
   rule. */
static int expand_year_days(icalrecur_iterator *impl, int year)
{
    int i;
    int set_pos_total = 0;
    short days_in_year = (short)get_days_in_year(impl, year);
    short doy;

    daysmask_clearall(impl->days);

    /* We may end up skipping fwd/bwd a year during expansion.
       Mark our current start date so next_year() can increment from here */
    impl->period_start = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);

    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_YEAR_DAY)) {
        /* We only support BYYEARDAY + BYDAY */
        if (has_by_data(impl, BY_WEEK_NO) ||
            has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH) || has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY)) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_UNIMPLEMENTED_ERROR);
            return 0;
        }

        /* Add each BYYEARDAY to the year days bitmask */
        for (i = 0; BYYDPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
            doy = BYYDPTR[i];

            if (abs(doy) > days_in_year) {
                switch (impl->rule.skip) {
                default:
                    /* Should never get here! */

                case ICAL_SKIP_OMIT:
                    /* Invalid day */
                    continue;

                case ICAL_SKIP_FORWARD:
                    if (doy < 0) {
                        doy = 1;                 /* First day of this year */
                    } else {
                        doy = days_in_year + 1;  /* First day of next year */
                    }
                    break;

                case ICAL_SKIP_BACKWARD:
                    if (doy < 0) {
                        doy = -1;                /* Last day of prev year */
                    } else {
                        doy = days_in_year;      /* Last day of this year */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            } else if (doy < 0) {
                doy += days_in_year + 1;
            }

            daysmask_setbit(impl->days, doy, 1);
            set_pos_total++;
            if (doy < impl->days_index) impl->days_index = doy;
        }
    }
    else if (has_by_data(impl, BY_WEEK_NO)) {
        int weekno, start_doy;

        /* We only support BYWEEKNO + BYDAY */
        if (has_by_data(impl, BY_YEAR_DAY) ||
            has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY) ||
            (has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH) && !has_by_data(impl, BY_DAY))) {
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_UNIMPLEMENTED_ERROR);
            return 0;
        }

        /* Calculate location of DTSTART day in weekno 1 */
        doy = get_day_of_year(impl, year,
                              impl->dtstart.month, impl->dtstart.day, NULL);
        (void)__icaltime_from_day_of_year(impl, doy, year, &weekno);
        if (weekno > doy) weekno = 0;
        start_doy = doy - 7 * (weekno - 1);

        /* Add day of week in each BYWEEKNO to the year days bitmask */
        for (i = 0; BYWEEKPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
            weekno = BYWEEKPTR[i];

            doy = start_doy + 7 * (weekno - 1);

            daysmask_setbit(impl->days, doy, 1);
            set_pos_total++;
            if (doy < impl->days_index) impl->days_index = doy;
        }
    } else {
        /* Add each BYMONTHDAY in each BYMONTH to the year days bitmask */
        for (i = 0; BYMONPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
            int month = set_month(impl, BYMONPTR[i]);

            if (month) set_pos_total += expand_bymonth_days(impl, year, month);
        }
    }

    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_DAY)) {
        /* Apply each BYDAY to the year days bitmask */
        int limiting =
            has_by_data(impl, BY_YEAR_DAY) || has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY);
        int first_dow, last_dow;

        impl->days_index = ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE;
        set_pos_total = 0;

        if (has_by_data(impl, BY_MONTH)) {
            /* Numeric BYDAY are within each month */

            for (i = 0; BYMONPTR[i] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; i++) {
                short month = BYMONPTR[i];
                int doy_offset, days_in_month;

                /* Get offset within year & day of week of first day of month */
                doy_offset =
                    get_day_of_year(impl, year, month, 1, &first_dow) - 1;

                /* Get day of week of last day of month */
                days_in_month = get_days_in_month(impl, month, year);
                (void)get_day_of_year(impl, year,
                                      month, days_in_month, &last_dow);

                set_pos_total += expand_by_day(impl, year,
                                               doy_offset, days_in_month,
                                               first_dow, last_dow, limiting);
            }
        } else {
            /* Numeric BYDAY are within the year */

            /* Get day of week of first day of year */
            (void)get_day_of_year(impl, year, 1, 1, &first_dow);

            /* Get day of week of last day of year */
            set_day_of_year(impl, days_in_year);
            last_dow = get_day_of_week(impl);

            set_pos_total += expand_by_day(impl, year, 0, days_in_year,
                                           first_dow, last_dow, limiting);
        }
    }

    if (has_by_data(impl, BY_SET_POS)) {
        /* "Filter" the year days bitmask with each BYSETPOS */
        filter_bysetpos(impl, set_pos_total, 1, days_in_year);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void __next_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    struct icaltimetype this;

    /* Increment to and expand the next year */
    increment_year(impl, impl->rule.interval);
    this = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
    expand_year_days(impl, this.year);
}

static int next_year(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    return next_yearday(impl, &__next_year);
}

static int next_yearday(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                        void (*next_period)(icalrecur_iterator *))
{
    struct icaltimetype start = impl->period_start;

    if (next_hour(impl) == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    /* We may have skipped fwd/bwd a month/year with previous occurrence.
       Reset the period start date so we can increment properly */
    (void)get_day_of_year(impl, start.year, start.month, start.day, NULL);

    /* Find next year day that is set */
    while (++impl->days_index < ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE &&
           !daysmask_getbit(impl->days, impl->days_index));

    if (impl->days_index >= ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE) {

        for (;;) {
            /* Increment to and expand the next period */
            next_period(impl);

            if (impl->days_index < ICAL_YEARDAYS_MASK_SIZE) {
                break;  /* break when a matching day is found */
            }
        }
    }

    if (impl->days_index < 0) {
        /* Day is in previous year */
        increment_year(impl, -1);
    }

    set_day_of_year(impl, impl->days_index);

    return 1;
}

int icalrecur_check_rulepart(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                             int v, enum byrule byrule)
{
    int itr;

    if (impl->by_ptrs[byrule][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX) {
        for (itr = 0;
             impl->by_ptrs[byrule][itr] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; itr++) {
            if (impl->by_ptrs[byrule][itr] == v) {
                return 1;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int check_contract_restriction(icalrecur_iterator *impl,
                                      enum byrule byrule, int v)
{
    int pass = 0;
    int itr;
    icalrecurrencetype_frequency freq = impl->rule.freq;

    if (impl->by_ptrs[byrule][0] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX &&
        expand_map[freq].map[byrule] == CONTRACT) {
        for (itr = 0;
             impl->by_ptrs[byrule][itr] != ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX; itr++) {
            if (impl->by_ptrs[byrule][itr] == v) {
                pass = 1;
                break;
            }
        }

        return pass;
    } else {
        /* This is not a contracting byrule, or it has no data, so the
           test passes */
        return 1;
    }
}

static int check_contracting_rules(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    struct icaltimetype last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 0);
    int day_of_week;
    int week_no = get_week_number(impl, last);
    int year_day =
        get_day_of_year(impl, last.year, last.month, last.day, &day_of_week);

    if (check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_SECOND, last.second) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_MINUTE, last.minute) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_HOUR, last.hour) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_DAY, day_of_week) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_WEEK_NO, week_no) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_MONTH_DAY, last.day) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_MONTH, last.month) &&
        check_contract_restriction(impl, BY_YEAR_DAY, year_day)) {

        return 1;
    } else {
        return 0;
    }
}

struct icaltimetype icalrecur_iterator_next(icalrecur_iterator *impl)
{
    int valid = 1;

    if (!impl ||
        (impl->rule.count != 0 && impl->occurrence_no >= impl->rule.count) ||
        (!icaltime_is_null_time(impl->rule.until) &&
         icaltime_compare(impl->last, impl->rule.until) > 0)) {
        return icaltime_null_time();
    }

    if (impl->occurrence_no == 0 && check_contracting_rules(impl)
        && icaltime_compare(impl->last, impl->dtstart) >= 0) {

        impl->occurrence_no++;
        return impl->last;
    }

    do {
        valid = 1;
        switch (impl->rule.freq) {

        case ICAL_SECONDLY_RECURRENCE:
            next_second(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_MINUTELY_RECURRENCE:
            next_minute(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_HOURLY_RECURRENCE:
            next_hour(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_DAILY_RECURRENCE:
            next_day(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_WEEKLY_RECURRENCE:
            next_week(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_MONTHLY_RECURRENCE:
            next_month(impl);
            break;

        case ICAL_YEARLY_RECURRENCE:
            next_year(impl);
            break;

        default:
            icalerror_set_errno(ICAL_MALFORMEDDATA_ERROR);
            return icaltime_null_time();
        }

        impl->last = occurrence_as_icaltime(impl, 1);

        if (impl->last.year > MAX_TIME_T_YEAR) {
            /* HACK */
            return icaltime_null_time();
        }

    } while (!check_contracting_rules(impl) ||
             icaltime_compare(impl->last, impl->dtstart) < 0 || valid == 0);

    /* Ignore null times and times that are after the until time */
    if (!icaltime_is_null_time(impl->rule.until) &&
        icaltime_compare(impl->last, impl->rule.until) > 0) {
        return icaltime_null_time();
    }

    impl->occurrence_no++;

    return impl->last;
}

/************************** Type Routines **********************/

void icalrecurrencetype_clear(struct icalrecurrencetype *recur)
{
    memset(recur,
           ICAL_RECURRENCE_ARRAY_MAX_BYTE, sizeof(struct icalrecurrencetype));

    recur->week_start = ICAL_MONDAY_WEEKDAY;
    recur->freq = ICAL_NO_RECURRENCE;
    recur->interval = 1;
    memset(&(recur->until), 0, sizeof(struct icaltimetype));
    recur->count = 0;
    recur->rscale = NULL;
    recur->skip = ICAL_SKIP_OMIT;
}

/** The 'day' element of icalrecurrencetype_weekday is encoded to
 * allow representation of both the day of the week ( Monday, Tuesday),
 * but also the Nth day of the week ( First tuesday of the month, last
 * thursday of the year) These routines decode the day values.
 *
 * The day's position in the period ( Nth-ness) and the numerical
 * value of the day are encoded together as: pos*7 + dow
 *
 * A position of 0 means 'any' or 'every'
 */

enum icalrecurrencetype_weekday icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(short day)
{
    return abs(day) % 8;
}

int icalrecurrencetype_day_position(short day)
{
    int wd, pos;

    wd = icalrecurrencetype_day_day_of_week(day);

    pos = (abs(day) - wd) / 8 * ((day < 0) ? -1 : 1);

    return pos;
}

/**
 * The 'month' element of the by_month array is encoded to allow
 * representation of the "L" leap suffix (RFC 7529).
 * These routines decode the month values.
 *
 * The "L" suffix is encoded by setting a high-order bit
 */

int icalrecurrencetype_month_is_leap(short month)
{
    return (month & LEAP_MONTH);
}

int icalrecurrencetype_month_month(short month)
{
    return (month & ~LEAP_MONTH);
}

/** Fill an array with the 'count' number of occurrences generated by
 * the rrule. Note that the times are returned in UTC, but the times
 * are calculated in local time. YOu will have to convert the results
 * back into local time before using them.
 */

int icalrecur_expand_recurrence(char *rule,
                                time_t start, int count, time_t *array)
{
    struct icalrecurrencetype recur;
    icalrecur_iterator *ritr;
    time_t tt;
    struct icaltimetype icstart, next;
    int i = 0;

    memset(array, 0, count * sizeof(time_t));

    icstart = icaltime_from_timet_with_zone(start, 0, 0);

    recur = icalrecurrencetype_from_string(rule);
    ritr = icalrecur_iterator_new(recur, icstart);
    if (ritr) {
        for (next = icalrecur_iterator_next(ritr);
             !icaltime_is_null_time(next) && i < count;
             next = icalrecur_iterator_next(ritr)) {

            tt = icaltime_as_timet(next);

            if (tt >= start) {
                array[i++] = tt;
            }
        }
        icalrecur_iterator_free(ritr);
    }
    free(recur.rscale);

    return 1;
}