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<th class=docs><h1>general.c</h1></th>
<th class=code></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr id='section-1'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-1">¶</a>
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</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre><span class="cm">/*</span>
<span class="cm"> * libgit2 "general" example - shows basic libgit2 concepts</span>
<span class="cm"> *</span>
<span class="cm"> * Written by the libgit2 contributors</span>
<span class="cm"> *</span>
<span class="cm"> * To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright</span>
<span class="cm"> * and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain</span>
<span class="cm"> * worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.</span>
<span class="cm"> *</span>
<span class="cm"> * You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along</span>
<span class="cm"> * with this software. If not, see</span>
<span class="cm"> * <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.</span>
<span class="cm"> */</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-2'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-2">¶</a>
</div>
<p><a href="http://libgit2.github.com"><strong>libgit2</strong></a> is a portable, pure C implementation of the Git core
methods provided as a re-entrant linkable library with a solid API,
allowing you to write native speed custom Git applications in any
language which supports C bindings.</p>
<p>This file is an example of using that API in a real, compilable C file.
As the API is updated, this file will be updated to demonstrate the new
functionality.</p>
<p>If you're trying to write something in C using <a href="http://libgit2.github.com">libgit2</a>, you should
also check out the generated <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2">API documentation</a>. We try to link to
the relevant sections of the API docs in each section in this file.</p>
<p><strong>libgit2</strong> (for the most part) only implements the core plumbing
functions, not really the higher level porcelain stuff. For a primer on
Git Internals that you will need to know to work with Git at this level,
check out <a href="http://progit.org/book/ch9-0.html">Chapter 9</a> of the Pro Git book.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Includes'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Includes">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Includes</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-4'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-4">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Including the <code>git2.h</code> header will include all the other libgit2 headers
that you need. It should be the only thing you need to include in order
to compile properly and get all the libgit2 API.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre><span class="cp">#include <git2.h></span>
<span class="cp">#include <stdio.h></span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-5'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-5">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Almost all libgit2 functions return 0 on success or negative on error.
This is not production quality error checking, but should be sufficient
as an example.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre><span class="k">static</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">error_code</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">action</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">git_error</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="giterr_last-27" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/giterr/giterr_last">giterr_last</a></span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">error_code</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Error %d %s - %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">error_code</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">action</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="n">error</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">message</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="n">error</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nl">message</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"???"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">main</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">**</span> <span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-6'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-6">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Initialize the library, this will set up any global state which libgit2 needs
including threading and crypto</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_libgit2_init-28" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/libgit2/git_libgit2_init">git_libgit2_init</a></span><span class="p">();</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Opening_the_Repository'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Opening_the_Repository">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Opening the Repository</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-8'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-8">¶</a>
</div>
<p>There are a couple of methods for opening a repository, this being the
simplest. There are also <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/repository">methods</a> for specifying the index file
and work tree locations, here we assume they are in the normal places.</p>
<p>(Try running this program against tests/resources/testrepo.git.)</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">error</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">repo_path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">argc</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="s">"/opt/libgit2-test/.git"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_repository</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_repository_open-58" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/repository/git_repository_open">git_repository_open</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo_path</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"opening repository"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-SHA-1_Value_Conversions'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-SHA-1_Value_Conversions">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>SHA-1 Value Conversions</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-10'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-10">¶</a>
</div>
<p>For our first example, we will convert a 40 character hex value to the
20 byte raw SHA1 value.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"*Hex to Raw*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">hex</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"4a202b346bb0fb0db7eff3cffeb3c70babbd2045"</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-11'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-11">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The <code>git_oid</code> is the structure that keeps the SHA value. We will use
this throughout the example for storing the value of the current SHA
key we're working with.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">git_oid</span> <span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-40" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hex</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-12'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-12">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Once we've converted the string into the oid value, we can get the raw
value of the SHA by accessing <code>oid.id</code></p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-13'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-13">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Next we will convert the 20 byte raw SHA1 value to a human readable 40
char hex value.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Raw to Hex*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">GIT_OID_HEXSZ</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n">out</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">GIT_OID_HEXSZ</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sc">'\0'</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-14'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-14">¶</a>
</div>
<p>If you have a oid, you can easily get the hex value of the SHA as well.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fmt-48" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fmt">git_oid_fmt</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"SHA hex string: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Working_with_the_Object_Database'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Working_with_the_Object_Database">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Working with the Object Database</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-16'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-16">¶</a>
</div>
<p><strong>libgit2</strong> provides <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/odb">direct access</a> to the object database. The
object database is where the actual objects are stored in Git. For
working with raw objects, we'll need to get this structure from the
repository.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">git_odb</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">odb</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_repository_odb-60" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/repository/git_repository_odb">git_repository_odb</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">odb</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Raw_Object_Reading'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Raw_Object_Reading">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Raw Object Reading</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Raw Object Read*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_odb_object</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_otype</span> <span class="n">otype</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">unsigned</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">str_type</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-18'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-18">¶</a>
</div>
<p>We can read raw objects directly from the object database if we have
the oid (SHA) of the object. This allows us to access objects without
knowing their type and inspect the raw bytes unparsed.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_odb_read-34" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_read">git_odb_read</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">odb</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"finding object in repository"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-19'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-19">¶</a>
</div>
<p>A raw object only has three properties - the type (commit, blob, tree
or tag), the size of the raw data and the raw, unparsed data itself.
For a commit or tag, that raw data is human readable plain ASCII
text. For a blob it is just file contents, so it could be text or
binary data. For a tree it is a special binary format, so it's unlikely
to be hugely helpful as a raw object.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">unsigned</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n"><a name="git_odb_object_data-37" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_object_data">git_odb_object_data</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">otype</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_odb_object_type-39" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_object_type">git_odb_object_type</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-20'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-20">¶</a>
</div>
<p>We provide methods to convert from the object type which is an enum, to
a string representation of that value (and vice-versa).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">str_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_object_type2string-33" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/object/git_object_type2string">git_object_type2string</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">otype</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"object length and type: %d, %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n"><a name="git_odb_object_size-38" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_object_size">git_odb_object_size</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">str_type</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-21'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-21">¶</a>
</div>
<p>For proper memory management, close the object when you are done with
it or it will leak memory.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_odb_object_free-36" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_object_free">git_odb_object_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Raw_Object_Writing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Raw_Object_Writing">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Raw Object Writing</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Raw Object Write*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-23'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-23">¶</a>
</div>
<p>You can also write raw object data to Git. This is pretty cool because
it gives you direct access to the key/value properties of Git. Here
we'll write a new blob object that just contains a simple string.
Notice that we have to specify the object type as the <code>git_otype</code> enum.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_odb_write-35" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/odb/git_odb_write">git_odb_write</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">odb</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"test data"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"test data"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">GIT_OBJ_BLOB</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-24'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-24">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Now that we've written the object, we can check out what SHA1 was
generated when the object was written to our database.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fmt-49" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fmt">git_oid_fmt</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Written Object: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Object_Parsing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Object_Parsing">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Object Parsing</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-26'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-26">¶</a>
</div>
<p>libgit2 has methods to parse every object type in Git so you don't have
to work directly with the raw data. This is much faster and simpler
than trying to deal with the raw data yourself.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Commit_Parsing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Commit_Parsing">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Commit Parsing</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-28'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-28">¶</a>
</div>
<p><a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/commit">Parsing commit objects</a> is simple and gives you access to all the
data in the commit - the author (name, email, datetime), committer
(same), tree, message, encoding and parent(s).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Commit Parsing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_commit</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-41" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"8496071c1b46c854b31185ea97743be6a8774479"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_lookup-5" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_lookup">git_commit_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"looking up commit"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">git_signature</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">author</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cmtter</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">message</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">time_t</span> <span class="n">ctime</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">unsigned</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">parents</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-29'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-29">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Each of the properties of the commit object are accessible via methods,
including commonly needed variations, such as <code><a name="git_commit_time-16" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_time">git_commit_time</a></code> which
returns the author time and <code><a name="git_commit_message-13" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_message">git_commit_message</a></code> which gives you the
commit message (as a NUL-terminated string).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">message</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_message-14" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_message">git_commit_message</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">author</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_author-19" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_author">git_commit_author</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">cmtter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_committer-18" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_committer">git_commit_committer</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">ctime</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_time-17" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_time">git_commit_time</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-30'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-30">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The author and committer methods return [git<em>signature] structures,
which give you name, email and <code>when</code>, which is a `git</em>time` structure,
giving you a timestamp and timezone offset.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Author: %s (%s)</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">author</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">author</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-31'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-31">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Commits can have zero or more parents. The first (root) commit will
have no parents, most commits will have one (i.e. the commit it was
based on) and merge commits will have two or more. Commits can
technically have any number, though it's rare to have more than two.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">parents</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_parentcount-21" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_parentcount">git_commit_parentcount</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">p</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">parents</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">git_commit</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_commit_parent-22" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_parent">git_commit_parent</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fmt-50" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fmt">git_oid_fmt</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_id-12" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_id">git_commit_id</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Parent: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_commit_free-8" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_free">git_commit_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-32'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-32">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Don't forget to close the object to prevent memory leaks. You will have
to do this for all the objects you open and parse.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_free-9" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_free">git_commit_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Writing_Commits'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Writing_Commits">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Writing Commits</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-34'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-34">¶</a>
</div>
<p>libgit2 provides a couple of methods to create commit objects easily as
well. There are four different create signatures, we'll just show one
of them here. You can read about the other ones in the <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/commit">commit API
docs</a>.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Commit Writing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_oid</span> <span class="n">tree_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parent_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">commit_id</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_tree</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_commit</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-35'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-35">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Creating signatures for an authoring identity and time is simple. You
will need to do this to specify who created a commit and when. Default
values for the name and email should be found in the <code>user.name</code> and
<code>user.email</code> configuration options. See the <code>config</code> section of this
example file to see how to access config values.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_signature_new-67" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/signature/git_signature_new">git_signature_new</a></span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">git_signature</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">author</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s">"Scott Chacon"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"schacon@gmail.com"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">123456789</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_signature_new-68" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/signature/git_signature_new">git_signature_new</a></span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">git_signature</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">cmtter</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s">"Scott A Chacon"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"scott@github.com"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">987654321</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-36'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-36">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Commit objects need a tree to point to and optionally one or more
parents. Here we're creating oid objects to create the commit with,
but you can also use</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-42" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">tree_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"f60079018b664e4e79329a7ef9559c8d9e0378d1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_tree_lookup-75" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_lookup">git_tree_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">tree_id</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-43" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">parent_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"5b5b025afb0b4c913b4c338a42934a3863bf3644"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_commit_lookup-6" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_lookup">git_commit_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">parent_id</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-37'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-37">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Here we actually create the commit object with a single call with all
the values we need to create the commit. The SHA key is written to the
<code>commit_id</code> variable here.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_create_v-23" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_create_v">git_commit_create_v</a></span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="o">&</span><span class="n">commit_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="cm">/* out id */</span>
<span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="cm">/* do not update the HEAD */</span>
<span class="n">author</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">cmtter</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="cm">/* use default message encoding */</span>
<span class="s">"example commit"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-38'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-38">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Now we can take a look at the commit SHA we've generated.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fmt-51" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fmt">git_oid_fmt</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">commit_id</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"New Commit: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Tag_Parsing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Tag_Parsing">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Tag Parsing</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-40'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-40">¶</a>
</div>
<p>You can parse and create tags with the <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/tag">tag management API</a>, which
functions very similarly to the commit lookup, parsing and creation
methods, since the objects themselves are very similar.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Tag Parsing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_tag</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmessage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tname</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_otype</span> <span class="n">ttype</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-41'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-41">¶</a>
</div>
<p>We create an oid for the tag object if we know the SHA and look it up
the same way that we would a commit (or any other object).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-44" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"b25fa35b38051e4ae45d4222e795f9df2e43f1d1"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tag_lookup-70" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tag/git_tag_lookup">git_tag_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"looking up tag"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-42'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-42">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Now that we have the tag object, we can extract the information it
generally contains: the target (usually a commit object), the type of
the target object (usually 'commit'), the name ('v1.0'), the tagger (a
git_signature - name, email, timestamp), and the tag message.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_tag_target-71" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tag/git_tag_target">git_tag_target</a></span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">git_object</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">tname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tag_name-73" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tag/git_tag_name">git_tag_name</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// "test"</span>
<span class="n">ttype</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tag_target_type-72" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tag/git_tag_target_type">git_tag_target_type</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// GIT_OBJ_COMMIT (otype enum)</span>
<span class="n">tmessage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tag_message-74" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tag/git_tag_message">git_tag_message</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tag</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// "tag message\n"</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Tag Message: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tmessage</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_commit_free-10" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_free">git_commit_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Tree_Parsing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Tree_Parsing">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Tree Parsing</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-44'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-44">¶</a>
</div>
<p><a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/tree">Tree parsing</a> is a bit different than the other objects, in that
we have a subtype which is the tree entry. This is not an actual
object type in Git, but a useful structure for parsing and traversing
tree entries.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Tree Parsing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">git_tree_entry</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">entry</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_object</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">objt</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-45'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-45">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Create the oid and lookup the tree object just like the other objects.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-45" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"2a741c18ac5ff082a7caaec6e74db3075a1906b5"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_tree_lookup-76" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_lookup">git_tree_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-46'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-46">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Getting the count of entries in the tree so you can iterate over them
if you want to.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="kt">size_t</span> <span class="n">cnt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entrycount-77" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entrycount">git_tree_entrycount</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// 3</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"tree entries: %d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">cnt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">entry</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entry_byindex-79" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entry_byindex">git_tree_entry_byindex</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Entry name: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entry_name-80" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entry_name">git_tree_entry_name</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">entry</span><span class="p">));</span> <span class="c1">// "hello.c"</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-47'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-47">¶</a>
</div>
<p>You can also access tree entries by name if you know the name of the
entry you're looking for.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">entry</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entry_byname-78" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entry_byname">git_tree_entry_byname</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tree</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"README"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entry_name-81" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entry_name">git_tree_entry_name</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">entry</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// "hello.c"</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-48'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-48">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Once you have the entry object, you can access the content or subtree
(or commit, in the case of submodules) that it points to. You can also
get the mode if you want.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_tree_entry_to_object-82" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/tree/git_tree_entry_to_object">git_tree_entry_to_object</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">objt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">entry</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// blob</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-49'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-49">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Remember to close the looked-up object once you are done using it</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_object_free-32" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/object/git_object_free">git_object_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">objt</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Blob_Parsing'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Blob_Parsing">¶</a>
</div>
<h4>Blob Parsing</h4>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-51'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-51">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The last object type is the simplest and requires the least parsing
help. Blobs are just file contents and can contain anything, there is
no structure to it. The main advantage to using the <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/blob">simple blob
api</a> is that when you're creating blobs you don't have to calculate
the size of the content. There is also a helper for reading a file
from disk and writing it to the db and getting the oid back so you
don't have to do all those steps yourself.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Blob Parsing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_blob</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-46" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"1385f264afb75a56a5bec74243be9b367ba4ca08"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_blob_lookup-1" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/blob/git_blob_lookup">git_blob_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-52'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-52">¶</a>
</div>
<p>You can access a buffer with the raw contents of the blob directly.
Note that this buffer may not be contain ASCII data for certain blobs
(e.g. binary files): do not consider the buffer a NULL-terminated
string, and use the <code><a name="git_blob_rawsize-3" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/blob/git_blob_rawsize">git_blob_rawsize</a></code> attribute to find out its exact
size in bytes</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Blob Size: %ld</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">long</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n"><a name="git_blob_rawsize-4" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/blob/git_blob_rawsize">git_blob_rawsize</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="p">));</span> <span class="c1">// 8</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_blob_rawcontent-2" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/blob/git_blob_rawcontent">git_blob_rawcontent</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">blob</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// "content"</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Revwalking'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Revwalking">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Revwalking</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-54'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-54">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The libgit2 <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/revwalk">revision walking api</a> provides methods to traverse the
directed graph created by the parent pointers of the commit objects.
Since all commits point back to the commit that came directly before
them, you can walk this parentage as a graph and find all the commits
that were ancestors of (reachable from) a given starting point. This
can allow you to create <code>git log</code> type functionality.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Revwalking*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_revwalk</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_commit</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">wcommit</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fromstr-47" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fromstr">git_oid_fromstr</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"5b5b025afb0b4c913b4c338a42934a3863bf3644"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-55'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-55">¶</a>
</div>
<p>To use the revwalker, create a new walker, tell it how you want to sort
the output and then push one or more starting points onto the walker.
If you want to emulate the output of <code>git log</code> you would push the SHA
of the commit that HEAD points to into the walker and then start
traversing them. You can also 'hide' commits that you want to stop at
or not see any of their ancestors. So if you want to emulate <code>git log
branch1..branch2</code>, you would push the oid of <code>branch2</code> and hide the oid
of <code>branch1</code>.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_revwalk_new-62" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/revwalk/git_revwalk_new">git_revwalk_new</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_revwalk_sorting-65" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/revwalk/git_revwalk_sorting">git_revwalk_sorting</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">GIT_SORT_TOPOLOGICAL</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="n">GIT_SORT_REVERSE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_revwalk_push-63" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/revwalk/git_revwalk_push">git_revwalk_push</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">git_signature</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cauth</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cmsg</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-56'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-56">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Now that we have the starting point pushed onto the walker, we start
asking for ancestors. It will return them in the sorting order we asked
for as commit oids. We can then lookup and parse the committed pointed
at by the returned OID; note that this operation is specially fast
since the raw contents of the commit object will be cached in memory</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="n"><a name="git_revwalk_next-64" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/revwalk/git_revwalk_next">git_revwalk_next</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_lookup-7" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_lookup">git_commit_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">wcommit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">oid</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"looking up commit during revwalk"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">cmsg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_message-15" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_message">git_commit_message</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wcommit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">cauth</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_commit_author-20" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_author">git_commit_author</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wcommit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%s (%s)</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cmsg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cauth</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_commit_free-11" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/commit/git_commit_free">git_commit_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wcommit</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-57'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-57">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Like the other objects, be sure to free the revwalker when you're done
to prevent memory leaks. Also, make sure that the repository being
walked it not deallocated while the walk is in progress, or it will
result in undefined behavior</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_revwalk_free-66" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/revwalk/git_revwalk_free">git_revwalk_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">walk</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Index_File_Manipulation'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Index_File_Manipulation">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Index File Manipulation</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-59'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-59">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/index">index file API</a> allows you to read, traverse, update and write
the Git index file (sometimes thought of as the staging area).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Index Walking*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">git_index</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">unsigned</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ecount</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-60'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-60">¶</a>
</div>
<p>You can either open the index from the standard location in an open
repository, as we're doing here, or you can open and manipulate any
index file with <code>git_index_open_bare()</code>. The index for the repository
will be located and loaded from disk.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_repository_index-61" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/repository/git_repository_index">git_repository_index</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-61'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-61">¶</a>
</div>
<p>For each entry in the index, you can get a bunch of information
including the SHA (oid), path and mode which map to the tree objects
that are written out. It also has filesystem properties to help
determine what to inspect for changes (ctime, mtime, dev, ino, uid,
gid, file<em>size and flags) All these properties are exported publicly in
the `git</em>index_entry` struct</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">ecount</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_index_entrycount-30" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/index/git_index_entrycount">git_index_entrycount</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">ecount</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">git_index_entry</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">e</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_index_get_byindex-31" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/index/git_index_get_byindex">git_index_get_byindex</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"path: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">e</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"mtime: %d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">mtime</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">seconds</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"fs: %d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">e</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">file_size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_index_free-29" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/index/git_index_free">git_index_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-References'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-References">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>References</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-63'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-63">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/reference">reference API</a> allows you to list, resolve, create and update
references such as branches, tags and remote references (everything in
the .git/refs directory).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Reference Listing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-64'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-64">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Here we will implement something like <code>git for-each-ref</code> simply listing
out all available references and the object SHA they resolve to.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">git_strarray</span> <span class="n">ref_list</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_reference_list-57" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/reference/git_reference_list">git_reference_list</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">ref_list</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">refname</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_reference</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ref</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-65'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-65">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Now that we have the list of reference names, we can lookup each ref
one at a time and resolve them to the SHA, then print both values out.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">ref_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">count</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">refname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ref_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">strings</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_reference_lookup-53" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/reference/git_reference_lookup">git_reference_lookup</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">ref</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">refname</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">switch</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a name="git_reference_type-56" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/reference/git_reference_type">git_reference_type</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ref</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nl">GIT_REF_OID</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_oid_fmt-52" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/oid/git_oid_fmt">git_oid_fmt</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_reference_target-54" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/reference/git_reference_target">git_reference_target</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ref</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%s [%s]</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">refname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">out</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">case</span> <span class="nl">GIT_REF_SYMBOLIC</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%s => %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">refname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n"><a name="git_reference_symbolic_target-55" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/reference/git_reference_symbolic_target">git_reference_symbolic_target</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ref</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="k">break</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">default</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="n">fprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stderr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Unexpected reference type</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_strarray_free-69" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/strarray/git_strarray_free">git_strarray_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">ref_list</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-Config_Files'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-Config_Files">¶</a>
</div>
<h3>Config Files</h3>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-67'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-67">¶</a>
</div>
<p>The <a href="http://libgit2.github.com/libgit2/#HEAD/group/config">config API</a> allows you to list and updatee config values
in any of the accessible config file locations (system, global, local).</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">*Config Listing*</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">const</span> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">int32_t</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">git_config</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">cfg</span><span class="p">;</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-68'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-68">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Open a config object so we can read global values from it.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">config_path</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">256</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n">sprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">config_path</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"%s/config"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">repo_path</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">check_error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a name="git_config_open_ondisk-24" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/config/git_config_open_ondisk">git_config_open_ondisk</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">cfg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">config_path</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s">"opening config"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_config_get_int32-25" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/config/git_config_get_int32">git_config_get_int32</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cfg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"help.autocorrect"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Autocorrect: %d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n"><a name="git_config_get_string-26" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/config/git_config_get_string">git_config_get_string</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">email</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cfg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"user.email"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Email: %s</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">email</span><span class="p">);</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id='section-69'>
<td class=docs>
<div class="pilwrap">
<a class="pilcrow" href="#section-69">¶</a>
</div>
<p>Finally, when you're done with the repository, you can free it as well.</p>
</td>
<td class=code>
<div class='highlight'><pre> <span class="n"><a name="git_repository_free-59" class="fnlink" href="../../#v0.24.0/group/repository/git_repository_free">git_repository_free</a></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></pre></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
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