C binding for leveldb, better readseq benchmark for SQLite.

- Added a C binding for LevelDB.
  May be useful as a stable ABI that can be used by 
  programs that keep leveldb in a shared library, 
  or for JNI API.

- Replaced SQLite's readseq benchmark to a more efficient version. 
  SQLite readseq speeds increased by about a factor of 2x 
  from the previous version. Also updated benchmark page to
  reflect readseq speed up.



git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@46 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529

7 files changed, 1036 insertions, 15 deletions

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d198d9d..86e24e8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ LDFLAGS=$(PLATFORM_LDFLAGS) $(SNAPPY_LDFLAGS) $(GOOGLE_PERFTOOLS_LDFLAGS)
 
 LIBOBJECTS = \
 	./db/builder.o \
+	./db/c.o \
 	./db/db_impl.o \
 	./db/db_iter.o \
 	./db/filename.o \
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@ TESTHARNESS = ./util/testharness.o $(TESTUTIL)
 
 TESTS = \
 	arena_test \
+	c_test \
 	cache_test \
 	coding_test \
 	corruption_test \
@@ -127,6 +129,9 @@ db_bench_tree_db: doc/bench/db_bench_tree_db.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTUTIL)
 arena_test: util/arena_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
 	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) util/arena_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) -o $@
 
+c_test: db/c_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
+	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) db/c_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) -o $@
+
 cache_test: util/cache_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS)
 	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) util/cache_test.o $(LIBOBJECTS) $(TESTHARNESS) -o $@
 
@@ -182,8 +187,19 @@ IOSVERSION=$(shell defaults read /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/version
 	mkdir -p ios-arm/$(dir $@)
 	$(DEVICEROOT)/usr/bin/$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -isysroot $(DEVICEROOT)/SDKs/iPhoneOS$(IOSVERSION).sdk -arch armv6 -arch armv7 $< -o ios-arm/$@
 	lipo ios-x86/$@ ios-arm/$@ -create -output $@
+
+.c.o:
+	mkdir -p ios-x86/$(dir $@)
+	$(SIMULATORROOT)/usr/bin/$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -isysroot $(SIMULATORROOT)/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator$(IOSVERSION).sdk -arch i686 $< -o ios-x86/$@
+	mkdir -p ios-arm/$(dir $@)
+	$(DEVICEROOT)/usr/bin/$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -isysroot $(DEVICEROOT)/SDKs/iPhoneOS$(IOSVERSION).sdk -arch armv6 -arch armv7 $< -o ios-arm/$@
+	lipo ios-x86/$@ ios-arm/$@ -create -output $@
+
 else
 .cc.o:
 	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
 endif
 
diff --git a/db/c.cc b/db/c.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee8a472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/c.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
+
+#include "leveldb/c.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "leveldb/cache.h"
+#include "leveldb/comparator.h"
+#include "leveldb/db.h"
+#include "leveldb/env.h"
+#include "leveldb/iterator.h"
+#include "leveldb/options.h"
+#include "leveldb/status.h"
+#include "leveldb/write_batch.h"
+
+namespace leveldb {
+
+extern "C" {
+
+struct leveldb_t              { DB*               rep; };
+struct leveldb_iterator_t     { Iterator*         rep; };
+struct leveldb_writebatch_t   { WriteBatch        rep; };
+struct leveldb_snapshot_t     { const Snapshot*   rep; };
+struct leveldb_readoptions_t  { ReadOptions       rep; };
+struct leveldb_writeoptions_t { WriteOptions      rep; };
+struct leveldb_options_t      { Options           rep; };
+struct leveldb_cache_t        { Cache*            rep; };
+struct leveldb_seqfile_t      { SequentialFile*   rep; };
+struct leveldb_randomfile_t   { RandomAccessFile* rep; };
+struct leveldb_writablefile_t { WritableFile*     rep; };
+struct leveldb_logger_t       { Logger*           rep; };
+struct leveldb_filelock_t     { FileLock*         rep; };
+
+struct leveldb_comparator_t : public Comparator {
+  void* state_;
+  void (*destructor_)(void*);
+  int (*compare_)(
+      void*,
+      const char* a, size_t alen,
+      const char* b, size_t blen);
+  const char* (*name_)(void*);
+
+  virtual ~leveldb_comparator_t() {
+    (*destructor_)(state_);
+  }
+
+  virtual int Compare(const Slice& a, const Slice& b) const {
+    return (*compare_)(state_, a.data(), a.size(), b.data(), b.size());
+  }
+
+  virtual const char* Name() const {
+    return (*name_)(state_);
+  }
+
+  // No-ops since the C binding does not support key shortening methods.
+  virtual void FindShortestSeparator(std::string*, const Slice&) const { }
+  virtual void FindShortSuccessor(std::string* key) const { }
+};
+
+struct leveldb_env_t {
+  Env* rep;
+  bool is_default;
+};
+
+static bool SaveError(char** errptr, const Status& s) {
+  assert(errptr != NULL);
+  if (s.ok()) {
+    return false;
+  } else if (*errptr == NULL) {
+    *errptr = strdup(s.ToString().c_str());
+  } else {
+    // TODO(sanjay): Merge with existing error?
+    free(*errptr);
+    *errptr = strdup(s.ToString().c_str());
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static char* CopyString(const std::string& str) {
+  char* result = reinterpret_cast<char*>(malloc(sizeof(char) * str.size()));
+  memcpy(result, str.data(), sizeof(char) * str.size());
+  return result;
+}
+
+leveldb_t* leveldb_open(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr) {
+  DB* db;
+  if (SaveError(errptr, DB::Open(options->rep, std::string(name), &db))) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  leveldb_t* result = new leveldb_t;
+  result->rep = db;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void leveldb_close(leveldb_t* db) {
+  delete db->rep;
+  delete db;
+}
+
+void leveldb_put(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    const char* val, size_t vallen,
+    char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr,
+            db->rep->Put(options->rep, Slice(key, keylen), Slice(val, vallen)));
+}
+
+void leveldb_delete(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr, db->rep->Delete(options->rep, Slice(key, keylen)));
+}
+
+
+void leveldb_write(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* batch,
+    char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr, db->rep->Write(options->rep, &batch->rep));
+}
+
+char* leveldb_get(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_readoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    size_t* vallen,
+    char** errptr) {
+  char* result = NULL;
+  std::string tmp;
+  Status s = db->rep->Get(options->rep, Slice(key, keylen), &tmp);
+  if (s.ok()) {
+    *vallen = tmp.size();
+    result = CopyString(tmp);
+  } else {
+    *vallen = 0;
+    if (!s.IsNotFound()) {
+      SaveError(errptr, s);
+    }
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+leveldb_iterator_t* leveldb_create_iterator(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_readoptions_t* options) {
+  leveldb_iterator_t* result = new leveldb_iterator_t;
+  result->rep = db->rep->NewIterator(options->rep);
+  return result;
+}
+
+const leveldb_snapshot_t* leveldb_create_snapshot(
+    leveldb_t* db) {
+  leveldb_snapshot_t* result = new leveldb_snapshot_t;
+  result->rep = db->rep->GetSnapshot();
+  return result;
+}
+
+void leveldb_release_snapshot(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_snapshot_t* snapshot) {
+  db->rep->ReleaseSnapshot(snapshot->rep);
+  delete snapshot;
+}
+
+const char* leveldb_property_value(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const char* propname) {
+  std::string tmp;
+  if (db->rep->GetProperty(Slice(propname), &tmp)) {
+    return CopyString(tmp);
+  } else {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+void leveldb_approximate_sizes(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    int num_ranges,
+    const char* const* range_start_key, const size_t* range_start_key_len,
+    const char* const* range_limit_key, const size_t* range_limit_key_len,
+    uint64_t* sizes) {
+  Range* ranges = new Range[num_ranges];
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_ranges; i++) {
+    ranges[i].start = Slice(range_start_key[i], range_start_key_len[i]);
+    ranges[i].limit = Slice(range_limit_key[i], range_limit_key_len[i]);
+  }
+  db->rep->GetApproximateSizes(ranges, num_ranges, sizes);
+  delete[] ranges;
+}
+
+void leveldb_destroy_db(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr, DestroyDB(name, options->rep));
+}
+
+void leveldb_repair_db(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr, RepairDB(name, options->rep));
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_destroy(leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  delete iter->rep;
+  delete iter;
+}
+
+unsigned char leveldb_iter_valid(const leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  return iter->rep->Valid();
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_seek_to_first(leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  iter->rep->SeekToFirst();
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_seek_to_last(leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  iter->rep->SeekToLast();
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_seek(leveldb_iterator_t* iter, const char* k, size_t klen) {
+  iter->rep->Seek(Slice(k, klen));
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_next(leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  iter->rep->Next();
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_prev(leveldb_iterator_t* iter) {
+  iter->rep->Prev();
+}
+
+const char* leveldb_iter_key(const leveldb_iterator_t* iter, size_t* klen) {
+  Slice s = iter->rep->key();
+  *klen = s.size();
+  return s.data();
+}
+
+const char* leveldb_iter_value(const leveldb_iterator_t* iter, size_t* vlen) {
+  Slice s = iter->rep->value();
+  *vlen = s.size();
+  return s.data();
+}
+
+void leveldb_iter_get_error(const leveldb_iterator_t* iter, char** errptr) {
+  SaveError(errptr, iter->rep->status());
+}
+
+leveldb_writebatch_t* leveldb_writebatch_create() {
+  return new leveldb_writebatch_t;
+}
+
+void leveldb_writebatch_destroy(leveldb_writebatch_t* b) {
+  delete b;
+}
+
+void leveldb_writebatch_clear(leveldb_writebatch_t* b) {
+  b->rep.Clear();
+}
+
+void leveldb_writebatch_put(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* b,
+    const char* key, size_t klen,
+    const char* val, size_t vlen) {
+  b->rep.Put(Slice(key, klen), Slice(val, vlen));
+}
+
+void leveldb_writebatch_delete(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* b,
+    const char* key, size_t klen) {
+  b->rep.Delete(Slice(key, klen));
+}
+
+void leveldb_writebatch_iterate(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* b,
+    void* state,
+    void (*put)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen, const char* v, size_t vlen),
+    void (*deleted)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen)) {
+  class H : public WriteBatch::Handler {
+   public:
+    void* state_;
+    void (*put_)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen, const char* v, size_t vlen);
+    void (*deleted_)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen);
+    virtual void Put(const Slice& key, const Slice& value) {
+      (*put_)(state_, key.data(), key.size(), value.data(), value.size());
+    }
+    virtual void Delete(const Slice& key) {
+      (*deleted_)(state_, key.data(), key.size());
+    }
+  };
+  H handler;
+  handler.state_ = state;
+  handler.put_ = put;
+  handler.deleted_ = deleted;
+  b->rep.Iterate(&handler);
+}
+
+leveldb_options_t* leveldb_options_create() {
+  return new leveldb_options_t;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_destroy(leveldb_options_t* options) {
+  delete options;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_comparator(
+    leveldb_options_t* opt,
+    leveldb_comparator_t* cmp) {
+  opt->rep.comparator = cmp;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_create_if_missing(
+    leveldb_options_t* opt, unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.create_if_missing = v;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_error_if_exists(
+    leveldb_options_t* opt, unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.error_if_exists = v;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_paranoid_checks(
+    leveldb_options_t* opt, unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.paranoid_checks = v;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_env(leveldb_options_t* opt, leveldb_env_t* env) {
+  opt->rep.env = (env ? env->rep : NULL);
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_info_log(leveldb_options_t* opt, leveldb_logger_t* l) {
+  opt->rep.info_log = (l ? l->rep : NULL);
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_write_buffer_size(leveldb_options_t* opt, size_t s) {
+  opt->rep.write_buffer_size = s;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_max_open_files(leveldb_options_t* opt, int n) {
+  opt->rep.max_open_files = n;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_cache(leveldb_options_t* opt, leveldb_cache_t* c) {
+  opt->rep.block_cache = c->rep;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_block_size(leveldb_options_t* opt, size_t s) {
+  opt->rep.block_size = s;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_block_restart_interval(leveldb_options_t* opt, int n) {
+  opt->rep.block_restart_interval = n;
+}
+
+void leveldb_options_set_compression(leveldb_options_t* opt, int t) {
+  opt->rep.compression = static_cast<CompressionType>(t);
+}
+
+leveldb_comparator_t* leveldb_comparator_create(
+    void* state,
+    void (*destructor)(void*),
+    int (*compare)(
+        void*,
+        const char* a, size_t alen,
+        const char* b, size_t blen),
+    const char* (*name)(void*)) {
+  leveldb_comparator_t* result = new leveldb_comparator_t;
+  result->state_ = state;
+  result->destructor_ = destructor;
+  result->compare_ = compare;
+  result->name_ = name;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void leveldb_comparator_destroy(leveldb_comparator_t* cmp) {
+  delete cmp;
+}
+
+leveldb_readoptions_t* leveldb_readoptions_create() {
+  return new leveldb_readoptions_t;
+}
+
+void leveldb_readoptions_destroy(leveldb_readoptions_t* opt) {
+  delete opt;
+}
+
+void leveldb_readoptions_set_verify_checksums(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t* opt,
+    unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.verify_checksums = v;
+}
+
+void leveldb_readoptions_set_fill_cache(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t* opt, unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.fill_cache = v;
+}
+
+void leveldb_readoptions_set_snapshot(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t* opt,
+    const leveldb_snapshot_t* snap) {
+  opt->rep.snapshot = (snap ? snap->rep : NULL);
+}
+
+leveldb_writeoptions_t* leveldb_writeoptions_create() {
+  return new leveldb_writeoptions_t;
+}
+
+void leveldb_writeoptions_destroy(leveldb_writeoptions_t* opt) {
+  delete opt;
+}
+
+void leveldb_writeoptions_set_sync(
+    leveldb_writeoptions_t* opt, unsigned char v) {
+  opt->rep.sync = v;
+}
+
+leveldb_cache_t* leveldb_cache_create_lru(size_t capacity) {
+  leveldb_cache_t* c = new leveldb_cache_t;
+  c->rep = NewLRUCache(capacity);
+  return c;
+}
+
+void leveldb_cache_destroy(leveldb_cache_t* cache) {
+  delete cache->rep;
+  delete cache;
+}
+
+leveldb_env_t* leveldb_create_default_env() {
+  leveldb_env_t* result = new leveldb_env_t;
+  result->rep = Env::Default();
+  result->is_default = true;
+  return result;
+}
+
+void leveldb_env_destroy(leveldb_env_t* env) {
+  if (!env->is_default) delete env->rep;
+  delete env;
+}
+
+}  // end extern "C"
+
+}
diff --git a/db/c_test.c b/db/c_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fef325
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/c_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
+   Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+   found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors. */
+
+#include "leveldb/c.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+const char* phase = "";
+static char dbname[200];
+
+static void StartPhase(const char* name) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "=== Test %s\n", name);
+  phase = name;
+}
+
+#define CheckNoError(err)                                               \
+  if ((err) != NULL) {                                                  \
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, phase, (err)); \
+    abort();                                                            \
+  }
+
+#define CheckCondition(cond)                                            \
+  if (!(cond)) {                                                        \
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, phase, #cond); \
+    abort();                                                            \
+  }
+
+static void CheckEqual(const char* expected, const char* v, size_t n) {
+  if (expected == NULL && v == NULL) {
+    // ok
+  } else if (expected != NULL && v != NULL && n == strlen(expected) &&
+             memcmp(expected, v, n) == 0) {
+    // ok
+    return;
+  } else {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: expected '%s', got '%s'\n",
+            phase,
+            (expected ? expected : "(null)"),
+            (v ? v : "(null"));
+    abort();
+  }
+}
+
+static void Free(char** ptr) {
+  if (*ptr) {
+    free(*ptr);
+    *ptr = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+static void CheckGet(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_readoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key,
+    const char* expected) {
+  char* err = NULL;
+  size_t val_len;
+  char* val;
+  val = leveldb_get(db, options, key, strlen(key), &val_len, &err);
+  CheckNoError(err);
+  CheckEqual(expected, val, val_len);
+  Free(&val);
+}
+
+static void CheckIter(leveldb_iterator_t* iter,
+                      const char* key, const char* val) {
+  size_t len;
+  const char* str;
+  str = leveldb_iter_key(iter, &len);
+  CheckEqual(key, str, len);
+  str = leveldb_iter_value(iter, &len);
+  CheckEqual(val, str, len);
+}
+
+// Callback from leveldb_writebatch_iterate()
+static void CheckPut(void* ptr,
+                     const char* k, size_t klen,
+                     const char* v, size_t vlen) {
+  int* state = (int*) ptr;
+  CheckCondition(*state < 2);
+  switch (*state) {
+    case 0:
+      CheckEqual("bar", k, klen);
+      CheckEqual("b", v, vlen);
+      break;
+    case 1:
+      CheckEqual("box", k, klen);
+      CheckEqual("c", v, vlen);
+      break;
+  }
+  (*state)++;
+}
+
+// Callback from leveldb_writebatch_iterate()
+static void CheckDel(void* ptr, const char* k, size_t klen) {
+  int* state = (int*) ptr;
+  CheckCondition(*state == 2);
+  CheckEqual("bar", k, klen);
+  (*state)++;
+}
+
+static void CmpDestroy(void* arg) { }
+
+static int CmpCompare(void* arg, const char* a, size_t alen,
+                      const char* b, size_t blen) {
+  int n = (alen < blen) ? alen : blen;
+  int r = memcmp(a, b, n);
+  if (r == 0) {
+    if (alen < blen) r = -1;
+    else if (alen > blen) r = +1;
+  }
+  return r;
+}
+
+static const char* CmpName(void* arg) {
+  return "foo";
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  leveldb_t* db;
+  leveldb_comparator_t* cmp;
+  leveldb_cache_t* cache;
+  leveldb_env_t* env;
+  leveldb_options_t* options;
+  leveldb_readoptions_t* roptions;
+  leveldb_writeoptions_t* woptions;
+  char* err = NULL;
+
+  snprintf(dbname, sizeof(dbname), "/tmp/leveldb_c_test-%d",
+           ((int) geteuid()));
+
+  StartPhase("create_objects");
+  cmp = leveldb_comparator_create(NULL, CmpDestroy, CmpCompare, CmpName);
+  env = leveldb_create_default_env();
+  cache = leveldb_cache_create_lru(100000);
+
+  options = leveldb_options_create();
+  leveldb_options_set_comparator(options, cmp);
+  leveldb_options_set_error_if_exists(options, 1);
+  leveldb_options_set_cache(options, cache);
+  leveldb_options_set_env(options, env);
+  leveldb_options_set_info_log(options, NULL);
+  leveldb_options_set_write_buffer_size(options, 100000);
+  leveldb_options_set_paranoid_checks(options, 1);
+  leveldb_options_set_max_open_files(options, 10);
+  leveldb_options_set_block_size(options, 1024);
+  leveldb_options_set_block_restart_interval(options, 8);
+  leveldb_options_set_compression(options, leveldb_no_compression);
+
+  roptions = leveldb_readoptions_create();
+  leveldb_readoptions_set_verify_checksums(roptions, 1);
+  leveldb_readoptions_set_fill_cache(roptions, 0);
+
+  woptions = leveldb_writeoptions_create();
+  leveldb_writeoptions_set_sync(woptions, 1);
+
+  StartPhase("destroy");
+  leveldb_destroy_db(options, dbname, &err);
+  Free(&err);
+
+  StartPhase("open_error");
+  db = leveldb_open(options, dbname, &err);
+  CheckCondition(err != NULL);
+  Free(&err);
+
+  StartPhase("open");
+  leveldb_options_set_create_if_missing(options, 1);
+  db = leveldb_open(options, dbname, &err);
+  CheckNoError(err);
+  CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", NULL);
+
+  StartPhase("put");
+  leveldb_put(db, woptions, "foo", 3, "hello", 5, &err);
+  CheckNoError(err);
+  CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", "hello");
+
+  StartPhase("writebatch");
+  {
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* wb = leveldb_writebatch_create();
+    leveldb_writebatch_put(wb, "foo", 3, "a", 1);
+    leveldb_writebatch_clear(wb);
+    leveldb_writebatch_put(wb, "bar", 3, "b", 1);
+    leveldb_writebatch_put(wb, "box", 3, "c", 1);
+    leveldb_writebatch_delete(wb, "bar", 3);
+    leveldb_write(db, woptions, wb, &err);
+    CheckNoError(err);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", "hello");
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "bar", NULL);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "box", "c");
+    int pos = 0;
+    leveldb_writebatch_iterate(wb, &pos, CheckPut, CheckDel);
+    CheckCondition(pos == 3);
+    leveldb_writebatch_destroy(wb);
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("iter");
+  {
+    leveldb_iterator_t* iter = leveldb_create_iterator(db, roptions);
+    CheckCondition(!leveldb_iter_valid(iter));
+    leveldb_iter_seek_to_first(iter);
+    CheckCondition(leveldb_iter_valid(iter));
+    CheckIter(iter, "box", "c");
+    leveldb_iter_next(iter);
+    CheckIter(iter, "foo", "hello");
+    leveldb_iter_prev(iter);
+    CheckIter(iter, "box", "c");
+    leveldb_iter_prev(iter);
+    CheckCondition(!leveldb_iter_valid(iter));
+    leveldb_iter_seek_to_last(iter);
+    CheckIter(iter, "foo", "hello");
+    leveldb_iter_seek(iter, "b", 1);
+    CheckIter(iter, "box", "c");
+    leveldb_iter_get_error(iter, &err);
+    CheckNoError(err);
+    leveldb_iter_destroy(iter);
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("approximate_sizes");
+  {
+    int i;
+    int n = 20000;
+    char keybuf[100];
+    char valbuf[100];
+    uint64_t sizes[2];
+    const char* start[2] = { "a", "k00000000000000010000" };
+    size_t start_len[2] = { 1, 21 };
+    const char* limit[2] = { "k00000000000000010000", "z" };
+    size_t limit_len[2] = { 21, 1 };
+    leveldb_writeoptions_set_sync(woptions, 0);
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+      snprintf(keybuf, sizeof(keybuf), "k%020d", i);
+      snprintf(valbuf, sizeof(valbuf), "v%020d", i);
+      leveldb_put(db, woptions, keybuf, strlen(keybuf), valbuf, strlen(valbuf),
+                  &err);
+      CheckNoError(err);
+    }
+    leveldb_approximate_sizes(db, 2, start, start_len, limit, limit_len, sizes);
+    CheckCondition(sizes[0] > 0);
+    CheckCondition(sizes[1] > 0);
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("property");
+  {
+    char* prop = leveldb_property_value(db, "nosuchprop");
+    CheckCondition(prop == NULL);
+    prop = leveldb_property_value(db, "leveldb.stats");
+    CheckCondition(prop != NULL);
+    Free(&prop);
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("snapshot");
+  {
+    const leveldb_snapshot_t* snap;
+    snap = leveldb_create_snapshot(db);
+    leveldb_delete(db, woptions, "foo", 3, &err);
+    CheckNoError(err);
+    leveldb_readoptions_set_snapshot(roptions, snap);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", "hello");
+    leveldb_readoptions_set_snapshot(roptions, NULL);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", NULL);
+    leveldb_release_snapshot(db, snap);
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("repair");
+  {
+    leveldb_close(db);
+    leveldb_options_set_create_if_missing(options, 0);
+    leveldb_options_set_error_if_exists(options, 0);
+    leveldb_repair_db(options, dbname, &err);
+    CheckNoError(err);
+    db = leveldb_open(options, dbname, &err);
+    CheckNoError(err);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "foo", NULL);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "bar", NULL);
+    CheckGet(db, roptions, "box", "c");
+  }
+
+  StartPhase("cleanup");
+  leveldb_close(db);
+  leveldb_options_destroy(options);
+  leveldb_readoptions_destroy(roptions);
+  leveldb_writeoptions_destroy(woptions);
+  leveldb_cache_destroy(cache);
+  leveldb_comparator_destroy(cmp);
+  leveldb_env_destroy(env);
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "PASS\n");
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/doc/bench/db_bench_sqlite3.cc b/doc/bench/db_bench_sqlite3.cc
index a15510e..e11db52 100644
--- a/doc/bench/db_bench_sqlite3.cc
+++ b/doc/bench/db_bench_sqlite3.cc
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 //   fillseq100K   -- write N/1000 100K values in sequential order in async mode
 //   readseq       -- read N times sequentially
 //   readrandom    -- read N times in random order
-//   readseq100K   -- read N/1000 100K values in sequential order in async mode
 //   readrand100K  -- read N/1000 100K values in sequential order in async mode
 static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
     "fillseq,"
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
     "readseq,"
     "fillrand100K,"
     "fillseq100K,"
-    "readseq100K,"
+    "readseq,"
     "readrand100K,"
     ;
 
@@ -387,7 +386,7 @@ class Benchmark {
         Write(write_sync, SEQUENTIAL, FRESH, num_ / 1000, 100 * 1000, 1);
         WalCheckpoint(db_);
       } else if (name == Slice("readseq")) {
-        Read(SEQUENTIAL, 1);
+        ReadSequential();
       } else if (name == Slice("readrandom")) {
         Read(RANDOM, 1);
       } else if (name == Slice("readrand100K")) {
@@ -395,11 +394,6 @@ class Benchmark {
         reads_ /= 1000;
         Read(RANDOM, 1);
         reads_ = n;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readseq100K")) {
-        int n = reads_;
-        reads_ /= 1000;
-        Read(SEQUENTIAL, 1);
-        reads_ = n;
       } else {
         known = false;
         if (name != Slice()) {  // No error message for empty name
@@ -640,6 +634,22 @@ class Benchmark {
     ErrorCheck(status);
   }
 
+  void ReadSequential() {
+    int status;
+    sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
+    std::string read_str = "SELECT * FROM test ORDER BY key";
+
+    status = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db_, read_str.c_str(), -1, &pStmt, NULL);
+    ErrorCheck(status);
+    for (int i = 0; i < reads_ && SQLITE_ROW == sqlite3_step(pStmt); i++) {
+      bytes_ += sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 1) + sqlite3_column_bytes(pStmt, 2);
+      FinishedSingleOp();
+    }
+
+    status = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
+    ErrorCheck(status);
+  }
+
 };
 
 }
diff --git a/doc/benchmark.html b/doc/benchmark.html
index a0d6b02..c463977 100644
--- a/doc/benchmark.html
+++ b/doc/benchmark.html
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ parameters are varied.  For the baseline:</p>
     <td class="c2">1,010,000 ops/sec</td>
     <td class="c3"><div class="bkct" style="width:95px">&nbsp;</div></td>
 <tr><td class="c1">SQLite3</td>
-    <td class="c2">174,000 ops/sec</td>
-    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:15px">&nbsp;</div></td>
+    <td class="c2">383,000 ops/sec</td>
+    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:33px">&nbsp;</div></td>
 </table>
 <h3>B. Random Reads</h3>
 <table class="bn bnbase">
@@ -386,9 +386,9 @@ MB.</p>
     <td class="c3"><div class="bkct" style="width:72px">&nbsp;</div></td>
     <td class="c4">(1.06x baseline)</td></tr>
 <tr><td class="c1">SQLite3</td>
-    <td class="c2">210,000 ops/sec</td>
-    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:14px">&nbsp;</div></td>
-    <td class="c4">(1.20x baseline)</td></tr>
+    <td class="c2">609,000 ops/sec</td>
+    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:41px">&nbsp;</div></td>
+    <td class="c4">(1.59x baseline)</td></tr>
 </table>
 
 <h4>Random Reads</h4>
@@ -425,8 +425,8 @@ database.</p>
     <td class="c3"><div class="bkct" style="width:88px">&nbsp;</div></td>
     <td class="c4">(3.60x baseline)</td></tr>
 <tr><td class="c1">SQLite3</td>
-    <td class="c2">174,000 ops/sec</td>
-    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:13px">&nbsp;</div></td>
+    <td class="c2">383,000 ops/sec</td>
+    <td class="c3"><div class="bsql" style="width:27px">&nbsp;</div></td>
     <td class="c4">(1.00x baseline)</td></tr>
 </table>
 <h4>Random Reads</h4>
diff --git a/include/leveldb/c.h b/include/leveldb/c.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0be993d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/leveldb/c.h
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+  found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
+
+  C bindings for leveldb.  May be useful as a stable ABI that can be
+  used by programs that keep leveldb in a shared library, or for
+  a JNI api.
+
+  Does not support:
+  . getters for the option types
+  . custom comparators that implement key shortening
+  . capturing post-write-snapshot
+  . custom iter, db, env, cache implementations using just the C bindings
+
+  Some conventions:
+
+  (1) We expose just opaque struct pointers and functions to clients.
+  This allows us to change internal representations without having to
+  recompile clients.
+
+  (2) For simplicity, there is no equivalent to the Slice type.  Instead,
+  the caller has to pass the pointer and length as separate
+  arguments.
+
+  (3) Errors are represented by a null-terminated c string.  NULL
+  means no error.  All operations that can raise an error are passed
+  a "char** errptr" as the last argument.  One of the following must
+  be true on entry:
+     *errptr == NULL
+     *errptr points to a malloc()ed null-terminated error message
+  On success, a leveldb routine leaves *errptr unchanged.
+  On failure, leveldb frees the old value of *errptr and
+  set *errptr to a malloc()ed error message.
+
+  (4) Bools have the type unsigned char (0 == false; rest == true)
+
+  (5) All of the pointer arguments must be non-NULL.
+*/
+
+#ifndef STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_C_H_
+#define STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_C_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* Exported types */
+
+typedef struct leveldb_t               leveldb_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_cache_t         leveldb_cache_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_comparator_t    leveldb_comparator_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_env_t           leveldb_env_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_filelock_t      leveldb_filelock_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_iterator_t      leveldb_iterator_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_logger_t        leveldb_logger_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_options_t       leveldb_options_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_randomfile_t    leveldb_randomfile_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_readoptions_t   leveldb_readoptions_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_seqfile_t       leveldb_seqfile_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_snapshot_t      leveldb_snapshot_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_writablefile_t  leveldb_writablefile_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_writebatch_t    leveldb_writebatch_t;
+typedef struct leveldb_writeoptions_t  leveldb_writeoptions_t;
+
+/* DB operations */
+
+extern leveldb_t* leveldb_open(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr);
+
+extern void leveldb_close(leveldb_t* db);
+
+extern void leveldb_put(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    const char* val, size_t vallen,
+    char** errptr);
+
+extern void leveldb_delete(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    char** errptr);
+
+extern void leveldb_write(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_writeoptions_t* options,
+    leveldb_writebatch_t* batch,
+    char** errptr);
+
+/* Returns NULL if not found.  A malloc()ed array otherwise.
+   Stores the length of the array in *vallen. */
+extern char* leveldb_get(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_readoptions_t* options,
+    const char* key, size_t keylen,
+    size_t* vallen,
+    char** errptr);
+
+extern leveldb_iterator_t* leveldb_create_iterator(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_readoptions_t* options);
+
+extern const leveldb_snapshot_t* leveldb_create_snapshot(
+    leveldb_t* db);
+
+extern void leveldb_release_snapshot(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const leveldb_snapshot_t* snapshot);
+
+/* Returns NULL if property name is unknown.
+   Else returns a pointer to a malloc()-ed null-terminated value. */
+extern char* leveldb_property_value(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    const char* propname);
+
+extern void leveldb_approximate_sizes(
+    leveldb_t* db,
+    int num_ranges,
+    const char* const* range_start_key, const size_t* range_start_key_len,
+    const char* const* range_limit_key, const size_t* range_limit_key_len,
+    uint64_t* sizes);
+
+/* Management operations */
+
+extern void leveldb_destroy_db(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr);
+
+extern void leveldb_repair_db(
+    const leveldb_options_t* options,
+    const char* name,
+    char** errptr);
+
+/* Iterator */
+
+extern void leveldb_iter_destroy(leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern unsigned char leveldb_iter_valid(const leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern void leveldb_iter_seek_to_first(leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern void leveldb_iter_seek_to_last(leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern void leveldb_iter_seek(leveldb_iterator_t*, const char* k, size_t klen);
+extern void leveldb_iter_next(leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern void leveldb_iter_prev(leveldb_iterator_t*);
+extern const char* leveldb_iter_key(const leveldb_iterator_t*, size_t* klen);
+extern const char* leveldb_iter_value(const leveldb_iterator_t*, size_t* vlen);
+extern void leveldb_iter_get_error(const leveldb_iterator_t*, char** errptr);
+
+/* Write batch */
+
+extern leveldb_writebatch_t* leveldb_writebatch_create();
+extern void leveldb_writebatch_destroy(leveldb_writebatch_t*);
+extern void leveldb_writebatch_clear(leveldb_writebatch_t*);
+extern void leveldb_writebatch_put(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t*,
+    const char* key, size_t klen,
+    const char* val, size_t vlen);
+extern void leveldb_writebatch_delete(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t*,
+    const char* key, size_t klen);
+extern void leveldb_writebatch_iterate(
+    leveldb_writebatch_t*,
+    void* state,
+    void (*put)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen, const char* v, size_t vlen),
+    void (*deleted)(void*, const char* k, size_t klen));
+
+/* Options */
+
+extern leveldb_options_t* leveldb_options_create();
+extern void leveldb_options_destroy(leveldb_options_t*);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_comparator(
+    leveldb_options_t*,
+    leveldb_comparator_t*);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_create_if_missing(
+    leveldb_options_t*, unsigned char);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_error_if_exists(
+    leveldb_options_t*, unsigned char);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_paranoid_checks(
+    leveldb_options_t*, unsigned char);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_env(leveldb_options_t*, leveldb_env_t*);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_info_log(leveldb_options_t*, leveldb_logger_t*);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_write_buffer_size(leveldb_options_t*, size_t);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_max_open_files(leveldb_options_t*, int);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_cache(leveldb_options_t*, leveldb_cache_t*);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_block_size(leveldb_options_t*, size_t);
+extern void leveldb_options_set_block_restart_interval(leveldb_options_t*, int);
+
+enum {
+  leveldb_no_compression = 0,
+  leveldb_snappy_compression = 1
+};
+extern void leveldb_options_set_compression(leveldb_options_t*, int);
+
+/* Comparator */
+
+extern leveldb_comparator_t* leveldb_comparator_create(
+    void* state,
+    void (*destructor)(void*),
+    int (*compare)(
+        void*,
+        const char* a, size_t alen,
+        const char* b, size_t blen),
+    const char* (*name)(void*));
+extern void leveldb_comparator_destroy(leveldb_comparator_t*);
+
+/* Read options */
+
+extern leveldb_readoptions_t* leveldb_readoptions_create();
+extern void leveldb_readoptions_destroy(leveldb_readoptions_t*);
+extern void leveldb_readoptions_set_verify_checksums(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t*,
+    unsigned char);
+extern void leveldb_readoptions_set_fill_cache(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t*, unsigned char);
+extern void leveldb_readoptions_set_snapshot(
+    leveldb_readoptions_t*,
+    const leveldb_snapshot_t*);
+
+/* Write options */
+
+extern leveldb_writeoptions_t* leveldb_writeoptions_create();
+extern void leveldb_writeoptions_destroy(leveldb_writeoptions_t*);
+extern void leveldb_writeoptions_set_sync(
+    leveldb_writeoptions_t*, unsigned char);
+
+/* Cache */
+
+extern leveldb_cache_t* leveldb_cache_create_lru(size_t capacity);
+extern void leveldb_cache_destroy(leveldb_cache_t* cache);
+
+/* Env */
+
+extern leveldb_env_t* leveldb_create_default_env();
+extern void leveldb_env_destroy(leveldb_env_t*);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  /* end extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif  /* STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_C_H_ */
diff --git a/include/leveldb/db.h b/include/leveldb/db.h
index 79bd283..f945dd7 100644
--- a/include/leveldb/db.h
+++ b/include/leveldb/db.h
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ struct Range {
   Slice start;          // Included in the range
   Slice limit;          // Not included in the range
 
+  Range() { }
   Range(const Slice& s, const Slice& l) : start(s), limit(l) { }
 };