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This commit adds three new flags
* -fwrite-if-simplified-core: Writes the whole core program into an interface
file
* -fbyte-code-and-object-code: Generate both byte code and object code
when compiling a file
* -fprefer-byte-code: Prefer to use byte-code if it's available when
running TH splices.
The goal for including the core bindings in an interface file is to be able to restart the compiler pipeline
at the point just after simplification and before code generation. Once compilation is
restarted then code can be created for the byte code backend.
This can significantly speed up
start-times for projects in GHCi. HLS already implements its own version of these extended interface
files for this reason.
Preferring to use byte-code means that we can avoid some potentially
expensive code generation steps (see #21700)
* Producing object code is much slower than producing bytecode, and normally you
need to compile with `-dynamic-too` to produce code in the static and dynamic way, the
dynamic way just for Template Haskell execution when using a dynamically linked compiler.
* Linking many large object files, which happens once per splice, can be quite
expensive compared to linking bytecode.
And you can get GHC to compile the necessary byte code so
`-fprefer-byte-code` has access to it by using
`-fbyte-code-and-object-code`.
Fixes #21067
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Multiple home units allows you to load different packages which may depend on
each other into one GHC session. This will allow both GHCi and HLS to support
multi component projects more naturally.
Public Interface
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In order to specify multiple units, the -unit @⟨filename⟩ flag
is given multiple times with a response file containing the arguments for each unit.
The response file contains a newline separated list of arguments.
```
ghc -unit @unitLibCore -unit @unitLib
```
where the `unitLibCore` response file contains the normal arguments that cabal would pass to `--make` mode.
```
-this-unit-id lib-core-0.1.0.0
-i
-isrc
LibCore.Utils
LibCore.Types
```
The response file for lib, can specify a dependency on lib-core, so then modules in lib can use modules from lib-core.
```
-this-unit-id lib-0.1.0.0
-package-id lib-core-0.1.0.0
-i
-isrc
Lib.Parse
Lib.Render
```
Then when the compiler starts in --make mode it will compile both units lib and lib-core.
There is also very basic support for multiple home units in GHCi, at the
moment you can start a GHCi session with multiple units but only the
:reload is supported. Most commands in GHCi assume a single home unit,
and so it is additional work to work out how to modify the interface to
support multiple loaded home units.
Options used when working with Multiple Home Units
There are a few extra flags which have been introduced specifically for
working with multiple home units. The flags allow a home unit to pretend
it’s more like an installed package, for example, specifying the package
name, module visibility and reexported modules.
-working-dir ⟨dir⟩
It is common to assume that a package is compiled in the directory
where its cabal file resides. Thus, all paths used in the compiler
are assumed to be relative to this directory. When there are
multiple home units the compiler is often not operating in the
standard directory and instead where the cabal.project file is
located. In this case the -working-dir option can be passed which
specifies the path from the current directory to the directory the
unit assumes to be it’s root, normally the directory which contains
the cabal file.
When the flag is passed, any relative paths used by the compiler are
offset by the working directory. Notably this includes -i and
-I⟨dir⟩ flags.
-this-package-name ⟨name⟩
This flag papers over the awkward interaction of the PackageImports
and multiple home units. When using PackageImports you can specify
the name of the package in an import to disambiguate between modules
which appear in multiple packages with the same name.
This flag allows a home unit to be given a package name so that you
can also disambiguate between multiple home units which provide
modules with the same name.
-hidden-module ⟨module name⟩
This flag can be supplied multiple times in order to specify which
modules in a home unit should not be visible outside of the unit it
belongs to.
The main use of this flag is to be able to recreate the difference
between an exposed and hidden module for installed packages.
-reexported-module ⟨module name⟩
This flag can be supplied multiple times in order to specify which
modules are not defined in a unit but should be reexported. The
effect is that other units will see this module as if it was defined
in this unit.
The use of this flag is to be able to replicate the reexported
modules feature of packages with multiple home units.
Offsetting Paths in Template Haskell splices
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
When using Template Haskell to embed files into your program,
traditionally the paths have been interpreted relative to the directory
where the .cabal file resides. This causes problems for multiple home
units as we are compiling many different libraries at once which have
.cabal files in different directories.
For this purpose we have introduced a way to query the value of the
-working-dir flag to the Template Haskell API. By using this function we
can implement a makeRelativeToProject function which offsets a path
which is relative to the original project root by the value of
-working-dir.
```
import Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax ( makeRelativeToProject )
foo = $(makeRelativeToProject "./relative/path" >>= embedFile)
```
> If you write a relative path in a Template Haskell splice you should use the makeRelativeToProject function so that your library works correctly with multiple home units.
A similar function already exists in the file-embed library. The
function in template-haskell implements this function in a more robust
manner by honouring the -working-dir flag rather than searching the file
system.
Closure Property for Home Units
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For tools or libraries using the API there is one very important closure
property which must be adhered to:
> Any dependency which is not a home unit must not (transitively) depend
on a home unit.
For example, if you have three packages p, q and r, then if p depends on
q which depends on r then it is illegal to load both p and r as home
units but not q, because q is a dependency of the home unit p which
depends on another home unit r.
If you are using GHC by the command line then this property is checked,
but if you are using the API then you need to check this property
yourself. If you get it wrong you will probably get some very confusing
errors about overlapping instances.
Limitations of Multiple Home Units
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
There are a few limitations of the initial implementation which will be smoothed out on user demand.
* Package thinning/renaming syntax is not supported
* More complicated reexports/renaming are not yet supported.
* It’s more common to run into existing linker bugs when loading a
large number of packages in a session (for example #20674, #20689)
* Backpack is not yet supported when using multiple home units.
* Dependency chasing can be quite slow with a large number of
modules and packages.
* Loading wired-in packages as home units is currently not supported
(this only really affects GHC developers attempting to load
template-haskell).
* Barely any normal GHCi features are supported, it would be good to
support enough for ghcid to work correctly.
Despite these limitations, the implementation works already for nearly
all packages. It has been testing on large dependency closures,
including the whole of head.hackage which is a total of 4784 modules
from 452 packages.
Internal Changes
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
* The biggest change is that the HomePackageTable is replaced with the
HomeUnitGraph. The HomeUnitGraph is a map from UnitId to HomeUnitEnv,
which contains information specific to each home unit.
* The HomeUnitEnv contains:
- A unit state, each home unit can have different package db flags
- A set of dynflags, each home unit can have different flags
- A HomePackageTable
* LinkNode: A new node type is added to the ModuleGraph, this is used to
place the linking step into the build plan so linking can proceed in
parralel with other packages being built.
* New invariant: Dependencies of a ModuleGraphNode can be completely
determined by looking at the value of the node. In order to achieve
this, downsweep now performs a more complete job of downsweeping and
then the dependenices are recorded forever in the node rather than
being computed again from the ModSummary.
* Some transitive module calculations are rewritten to use the
ModuleGraph which is more efficient.
* There is always an active home unit, which simplifies modifying a lot
of the existing API code which is unit agnostic (for example, in the
driver).
The road may be bumpy for a little while after this change but the
basics are well-tested.
One small metric increase, which we accept and also submodule update to
haddock which removes ExtendedModSummary.
Closes #10827
-------------------------
Metric Increase:
MultiLayerModules
-------------------------
Co-authored-by: Fendor <power.walross@gmail.com>
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This hack inserted for backpack caused a very bad leak when using
-fno-code where EPS entries would end up retaining stale
HomePackageTables. For any interactive user, such as HLS, this is really
bad as once the entry makes it's way into the EPS then it's there for
the rest of the session.
This is a temporary fix which "solves" the issue by filtering the HPT to
only the part which is needed for the hack to work, but in future we
want to separate out hole modules from the HPT entirely to avoid needing
to do this kind of special casing.
-------------------------
Metric Decrease:
MultiLayerModulesDefsGhci
-------------------------
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This patch makes some operations to do with HomePackageTable stricter
* Adding a new entry into the HPT would not allow the old HomeModInfo to be
collected because the function used by insertWith wouldn't be forced.
* We're careful to force the new MVar value before it's inserted into
the global MVar as otherwise we retain references to old entries.
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This patch specifies and simplifies the module cycle compilation
in upsweep. How things work are described in the Note [Upsweep]
Note [Upsweep]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Upsweep takes a 'ModuleGraph' as input, computes a build plan and then executes
the plan in order to compile the project.
The first step is computing the build plan from a 'ModuleGraph'.
The output of this step is a `[BuildPlan]`, which is a topologically sorted plan for
how to build all the modules.
```
data BuildPlan = SingleModule ModuleGraphNode -- A simple, single module all alone but *might* have an hs-boot file which isn't part of a cycle
| ResolvedCycle [ModuleGraphNode] -- A resolved cycle, linearised by hs-boot files
| UnresolvedCycle [ModuleGraphNode] -- An actual cycle, which wasn't resolved by hs-boot files
```
The plan is computed in two steps:
Step 1: Topologically sort the module graph without hs-boot files. This returns a [SCC ModuleGraphNode] which contains
cycles.
Step 2: For each cycle, topologically sort the modules in the cycle *with* the relevant hs-boot files. This should
result in an acyclic build plan if the hs-boot files are sufficient to resolve the cycle.
The `[BuildPlan]` is then interpreted by the `interpretBuildPlan` function.
* `SingleModule nodes` are compiled normally by either the upsweep_inst or upsweep_mod functions.
* `ResolvedCycles` need to compiled "together" so that the information which ends up in
the interface files at the end is accurate (and doesn't contain temporary information from
the hs-boot files.)
- During the initial compilation, a `KnotVars` is created which stores an IORef TypeEnv for
each module of the loop. These IORefs are gradually updated as the loop completes and provide
the required laziness to typecheck the module loop.
- At the end of typechecking, all the interface files are typechecked again in
the retypecheck loop. This time, the knot-tying is done by the normal laziness
based tying, so the environment is run without the KnotVars.
* UnresolvedCycles are indicative of a proper cycle, unresolved by hs-boot files
and are reported as an error to the user.
The main trickiness of `interpretBuildPlan` is deciding which version of a dependency
is visible from each module. For modules which are not in a cycle, there is just
one version of a module, so that is always used. For modules in a cycle, there are two versions of
'HomeModInfo'.
1. Internal to loop: The version created whilst compiling the loop by upsweep_mod.
2. External to loop: The knot-tied version created by typecheckLoop.
Whilst compiling a module inside the loop, we need to use the (1). For a module which
is outside of the loop which depends on something from in the loop, the (2) version
is used.
As the plan is interpreted, which version of a HomeModInfo is visible is updated
by updating a map held in a state monad. So after a loop has finished being compiled,
the visible module is the one created by typecheckLoop and the internal version is not
used again.
This plan also ensures the most important invariant to do with module loops:
> If you depend on anything within a module loop, before you can use the dependency,
the whole loop has to finish compiling.
The end result of `interpretBuildPlan` is a `[MakeAction]`, which are pairs
of `IO a` actions and a `MVar (Maybe a)`, somewhere to put the result of running
the action. This list is topologically sorted, so can be run in order to compute
the whole graph.
As well as this `interpretBuildPlan` also outputs an `IO [Maybe (Maybe HomeModInfo)]` which
can be queried at the end to get the result of all modules at the end, with their proper
visibility. For example, if any module in a loop fails then all modules in that loop will
report as failed because the visible node at the end will be the result of retypechecking
those modules together.
Along the way we also fix a number of other bugs in the driver:
* Unify upsweep and parUpsweep.
* Fix #19937 (static points, ghci and -j)
* Adds lots of module loop tests due to Divam.
Also related to #20030
Co-authored-by: Divam Narula <dfordivam@gmail.com>
-------------------------
Metric Decrease:
T10370
-------------------------
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Move linker related code into GHC.Linker. Previously it was scattered
into GHC.Unit.State, GHC.Driver.Pipeline, GHC.Runtime.Linker, etc.
Add documentation in GHC.Linker
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I was working on making DynFlags stateless (#17957), especially by
storing loaded plugins into HscEnv instead of DynFlags. It turned out to
be complicated because HscEnv is in GHC.Driver.Types but LoadedPlugin
isn't: it is in GHC.Driver.Plugins which depends on GHC.Driver.Types. I
didn't feel like introducing yet another hs-boot file to break the loop.
Additionally I remember that while we introduced the module hierarchy
(#13009) we talked about splitting GHC.Driver.Types because it contained
various unrelated types and functions, but we never executed. I didn't
feel like making GHC.Driver.Types bigger with more unrelated Plugins
related types, so finally I bit the bullet and split GHC.Driver.Types.
As a consequence this patch moves a lot of things. I've tried to put
them into appropriate modules but nothing is set in stone.
Several other things moved to avoid loops.
* Removed Binary instances from GHC.Utils.Binary for random compiler
things
* Moved Typeable Binary instances into GHC.Utils.Binary.Typeable: they
import a lot of things that users of GHC.Utils.Binary don't want to
depend on.
* put everything related to Units/Modules under GHC.Unit:
GHC.Unit.Finder, GHC.Unit.Module.{ModGuts,ModIface,Deps,etc.}
* Created several modules under GHC.Types: GHC.Types.Fixity, SourceText,
etc.
* Split GHC.Utils.Error (into GHC.Types.Error)
* Finally removed GHC.Driver.Types
Note that this patch doesn't put loaded plugins into HscEnv. It's left
for another patch.
Bump haddock submodule
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