Make the Read instance for Proxy (and friends) ignore precedence

Summary:
The `Read` instance for `Proxy`, as well as a handful of other data
types in `base` which only have a single constructor, are doing something
skeevy: they're requiring that they be surrounded by parentheses if the parsing
precedence is sufficiently high. This means that `"Thing (Proxy)"` would parse,
but not `"Thing Proxy"`. But the latter really ought to parse, since there's no
need to surround a single constructor with parentheses. Indeed, that's the
output of `show (Thing Proxy)`, so the current `Read` instance for `Proxy`
violates `read . show = id`.

The simple solution is to change `readParen (d > 10)` to `readParen False` in
the `Read` instance for `Proxy`. But given that a derived `Read` instance would
essentially accomplish the same thing, but with even fewer characters, I've
opted to just replace the hand-rolled `Read` instance with a derived one.

Test Plan: make test TEST=T12874

Reviewers: ekmett, austin, hvr, goldfire, bgamari

Reviewed By: bgamari

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie

GHC Trac Issues: #12874

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D3871

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