path: root/src/cmd/go/internal/modload/import.go

// Copyright 2018 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package modload

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"go/build"
	"internal/goroot"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"cmd/go/internal/cfg"
	"cmd/go/internal/modfetch"
	"cmd/go/internal/par"
	"cmd/go/internal/search"

	"golang.org/x/mod/module"
	"golang.org/x/mod/semver"
)

var errImportMissing = errors.New("import missing")

type ImportMissingError struct {
	Path     string
	Module   module.Version
	QueryErr error

	// newMissingVersion is set to a newer version of Module if one is present
	// in the build list. When set, we can't automatically upgrade.
	newMissingVersion string
}

func (e *ImportMissingError) Error() string {
	if e.Module.Path == "" {
		if search.IsStandardImportPath(e.Path) {
			return fmt.Sprintf("package %s is not in GOROOT (%s)", e.Path, filepath.Join(cfg.GOROOT, "src", e.Path))
		}
		if e.QueryErr != nil {
			return fmt.Sprintf("cannot find module providing package %s: %v", e.Path, e.QueryErr)
		}
		return "cannot find module providing package " + e.Path
	}

	if e.newMissingVersion != "" {
		return fmt.Sprintf("package %s provided by %s at latest version %s but not at required version %s", e.Path, e.Module.Path, e.Module.Version, e.newMissingVersion)
	}

	return fmt.Sprintf("missing module for import: %s@%s provides %s", e.Module.Path, e.Module.Version, e.Path)
}

func (e *ImportMissingError) Unwrap() error {
	return e.QueryErr
}

func (e *ImportMissingError) ImportPath() string {
	return e.Path
}

// An AmbiguousImportError indicates an import of a package found in multiple
// modules in the build list, or found in both the main module and its vendor
// directory.
type AmbiguousImportError struct {
	importPath string
	Dirs       []string
	Modules    []module.Version // Either empty or 1:1 with Dirs.
}

func (e *AmbiguousImportError) ImportPath() string {
	return e.importPath
}

func (e *AmbiguousImportError) Error() string {
	locType := "modules"
	if len(e.Modules) == 0 {
		locType = "directories"
	}

	var buf strings.Builder
	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "ambiguous import: found package %s in multiple %s:", e.importPath, locType)

	for i, dir := range e.Dirs {
		buf.WriteString("\n\t")
		if i < len(e.Modules) {
			m := e.Modules[i]
			buf.WriteString(m.Path)
			if m.Version != "" {
				fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " %s", m.Version)
			}
			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " (%s)", dir)
		} else {
			buf.WriteString(dir)
		}
	}

	return buf.String()
}

type invalidImportError struct {
	importPath string
	err        error
}

func (e *invalidImportError) ImportPath() string {
	return e.importPath
}

func (e *invalidImportError) Error() string {
	return e.err.Error()
}

func (e *invalidImportError) Unwrap() error {
	return e.err
}

// importFromBuildList finds the module and directory in the build list
// containing the package with the given import path. The answer must be unique:
// importFromBuildList returns an error if multiple modules attempt to provide
// the same package.
//
// importFromBuildList can return a module with an empty m.Path, for packages in
// the standard library.
//
// importFromBuildList can return an empty directory string, for fake packages
// like "C" and "unsafe".
//
// If the package cannot be found in the current build list,
// importFromBuildList returns errImportMissing as the error.
func importFromBuildList(ctx context.Context, path string) (m module.Version, dir string, err error) {
	if strings.Contains(path, "@") {
		return module.Version{}, "", fmt.Errorf("import path should not have @version")
	}
	if build.IsLocalImport(path) {
		return module.Version{}, "", fmt.Errorf("relative import not supported")
	}
	if path == "C" || path == "unsafe" {
		// There's no directory for import "C" or import "unsafe".
		return module.Version{}, "", nil
	}

	// Is the package in the standard library?
	pathIsStd := search.IsStandardImportPath(path)
	if pathIsStd && goroot.IsStandardPackage(cfg.GOROOT, cfg.BuildContext.Compiler, path) {
		if targetInGorootSrc {
			if dir, ok, err := dirInModule(path, targetPrefix, ModRoot(), true); err != nil {
				return module.Version{}, dir, err
			} else if ok {
				return Target, dir, nil
			}
		}
		dir := filepath.Join(cfg.GOROOT, "src", path)
		return module.Version{}, dir, nil
	}

	// -mod=vendor is special.
	// Everything must be in the main module or the main module's vendor directory.
	if cfg.BuildMod == "vendor" {
		mainDir, mainOK, mainErr := dirInModule(path, targetPrefix, ModRoot(), true)
		vendorDir, vendorOK, _ := dirInModule(path, "", filepath.Join(ModRoot(), "vendor"), false)
		if mainOK && vendorOK {
			return module.Version{}, "", &AmbiguousImportError{importPath: path, Dirs: []string{mainDir, vendorDir}}
		}
		// Prefer to return main directory if there is one,
		// Note that we're not checking that the package exists.
		// We'll leave that for load.
		if !vendorOK && mainDir != "" {
			return Target, mainDir, nil
		}
		if mainErr != nil {
			return module.Version{}, "", mainErr
		}
		readVendorList()
		return vendorPkgModule[path], vendorDir, nil
	}

	// Check each module on the build list.
	var dirs []string
	var mods []module.Version
	for _, m := range buildList {
		if !maybeInModule(path, m.Path) {
			// Avoid possibly downloading irrelevant modules.
			continue
		}
		root, isLocal, err := fetch(ctx, m)
		if err != nil {
			// Report fetch error.
			// Note that we don't know for sure this module is necessary,
			// but it certainly _could_ provide the package, and even if we
			// continue the loop and find the package in some other module,
			// we need to look at this module to make sure the import is
			// not ambiguous.
			return module.Version{}, "", err
		}
		if dir, ok, err := dirInModule(path, m.Path, root, isLocal); err != nil {
			return module.Version{}, "", err
		} else if ok {
			mods = append(mods, m)
			dirs = append(dirs, dir)
		}
	}
	if len(mods) == 1 {
		return mods[0], dirs[0], nil
	}
	if len(mods) > 0 {
		return module.Version{}, "", &AmbiguousImportError{importPath: path, Dirs: dirs, Modules: mods}
	}

	return module.Version{}, "", errImportMissing
}

// queryImport attempts to locate a module that can be added to the current
// build list to provide the package with the given import path.
func queryImport(ctx context.Context, path string) (module.Version, error) {
	pathIsStd := search.IsStandardImportPath(path)

	if modRoot == "" && !allowMissingModuleImports {
		return module.Version{}, &ImportMissingError{
			Path:     path,
			QueryErr: errors.New("working directory is not part of a module"),
		}
	}

	// Not on build list.
	// To avoid spurious remote fetches, next try the latest replacement for each
	// module (golang.org/issue/26241). This should give a useful message
	// in -mod=readonly, and it will allow us to add a requirement with -mod=mod.
	if modFile != nil {
		latest := map[string]string{} // path -> version
		for _, r := range modFile.Replace {
			if maybeInModule(path, r.Old.Path) {
				// Don't use semver.Max here; need to preserve +incompatible suffix.
				v := latest[r.Old.Path]
				if semver.Compare(r.Old.Version, v) > 0 {
					v = r.Old.Version
				}
				latest[r.Old.Path] = v
			}
		}

		mods := make([]module.Version, 0, len(latest))
		for p, v := range latest {
			// If the replacement didn't specify a version, synthesize a
			// pseudo-version with an appropriate major version and a timestamp below
			// any real timestamp. That way, if the main module is used from within
			// some other module, the user will be able to upgrade the requirement to
			// any real version they choose.
			if v == "" {
				if _, pathMajor, ok := module.SplitPathVersion(p); ok && len(pathMajor) > 0 {
					v = modfetch.PseudoVersion(pathMajor[1:], "", time.Time{}, "000000000000")
				} else {
					v = modfetch.PseudoVersion("v0", "", time.Time{}, "000000000000")
				}
			}
			mods = append(mods, module.Version{Path: p, Version: v})
		}

		// Every module path in mods is a prefix of the import path.
		// As in QueryPattern, prefer the longest prefix that satisfies the import.
		sort.Slice(mods, func(i, j int) bool {
			return len(mods[i].Path) > len(mods[j].Path)
		})
		for _, m := range mods {
			root, isLocal, err := fetch(ctx, m)
			if err != nil {
				// Report fetch error as above.
				return module.Version{}, err
			}
			if _, ok, err := dirInModule(path, m.Path, root, isLocal); err != nil {
				return m, err
			} else if ok {
				return m, nil
			}
		}
		if len(mods) > 0 && module.CheckPath(path) != nil {
			// The package path is not valid to fetch remotely,
			// so it can only exist if in a replaced module,
			// and we know from the above loop that it is not.
			return module.Version{}, &PackageNotInModuleError{
				Mod:         mods[0],
				Query:       "latest",
				Pattern:     path,
				Replacement: Replacement(mods[0]),
			}
		}
	}

	// Before any further lookup, check that the path is valid.
	if err := module.CheckImportPath(path); err != nil {
		return module.Version{}, &invalidImportError{importPath: path, err: err}
	}

	if pathIsStd {
		// This package isn't in the standard library, isn't in any module already
		// in the build list, and isn't in any other module that the user has
		// shimmed in via a "replace" directive.
		// Moreover, the import path is reserved for the standard library, so
		// QueryPattern cannot possibly find a module containing this package.
		//
		// Instead of trying QueryPattern, report an ImportMissingError immediately.
		return module.Version{}, &ImportMissingError{Path: path}
	}

	if cfg.BuildMod == "readonly" {
		var queryErr error
		if cfg.BuildModExplicit {
			queryErr = fmt.Errorf("import lookup disabled by -mod=%s", cfg.BuildMod)
		} else if cfg.BuildModReason != "" {
			queryErr = fmt.Errorf("import lookup disabled by -mod=%s\n\t(%s)", cfg.BuildMod, cfg.BuildModReason)
		}
		return module.Version{}, &ImportMissingError{Path: path, QueryErr: queryErr}
	}

	// Look up module containing the package, for addition to the build list.
	// Goal is to determine the module, download it to dir,
	// and return m, dir, ImpportMissingError.
	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "go: finding module for package %s\n", path)

	candidates, err := QueryPattern(ctx, path, "latest", CheckAllowed)
	if err != nil {
		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
			// Return "cannot find module providing package […]" instead of whatever
			// low-level error QueryPattern produced.
			return module.Version{}, &ImportMissingError{Path: path, QueryErr: err}
		} else {
			return module.Version{}, err
		}
	}

	candidate0MissingVersion := ""
	for i, c := range candidates {
		cm := c.Mod
		canAdd := true
		for _, bm := range buildList {
			if bm.Path == cm.Path && semver.Compare(bm.Version, cm.Version) > 0 {
				// QueryPattern proposed that we add module cm to provide the package,
				// but we already depend on a newer version of that module (and we don't
				// have the package).
				//
				// This typically happens when a package is present at the "@latest"
				// version (e.g., v1.0.0) of a module, but we have a newer version
				// of the same module in the build list (e.g., v1.0.1-beta), and
				// the package is not present there.
				canAdd = false
				if i == 0 {
					candidate0MissingVersion = bm.Version
				}
				break
			}
		}
		if canAdd {
			return cm, nil
		}
	}
	return module.Version{}, &ImportMissingError{
		Path:              path,
		Module:            candidates[0].Mod,
		newMissingVersion: candidate0MissingVersion,
	}
}

// maybeInModule reports whether, syntactically,
// a package with the given import path could be supplied
// by a module with the given module path (mpath).
func maybeInModule(path, mpath string) bool {
	return mpath == path ||
		len(path) > len(mpath) && path[len(mpath)] == '/' && path[:len(mpath)] == mpath
}

var (
	haveGoModCache   par.Cache // dir → bool
	haveGoFilesCache par.Cache // dir → goFilesEntry
)

type goFilesEntry struct {
	haveGoFiles bool
	err         error
}

// dirInModule locates the directory that would hold the package named by the given path,
// if it were in the module with module path mpath and root mdir.
// If path is syntactically not within mpath,
// or if mdir is a local file tree (isLocal == true) and the directory
// that would hold path is in a sub-module (covered by a go.mod below mdir),
// dirInModule returns "", false, nil.
//
// Otherwise, dirInModule returns the name of the directory where
// Go source files would be expected, along with a boolean indicating
// whether there are in fact Go source files in that directory.
// A non-nil error indicates that the existence of the directory and/or
// source files could not be determined, for example due to a permission error.
func dirInModule(path, mpath, mdir string, isLocal bool) (dir string, haveGoFiles bool, err error) {
	// Determine where to expect the package.
	if path == mpath {
		dir = mdir
	} else if mpath == "" { // vendor directory
		dir = filepath.Join(mdir, path)
	} else if len(path) > len(mpath) && path[len(mpath)] == '/' && path[:len(mpath)] == mpath {
		dir = filepath.Join(mdir, path[len(mpath)+1:])
	} else {
		return "", false, nil
	}

	// Check that there aren't other modules in the way.
	// This check is unnecessary inside the module cache
	// and important to skip in the vendor directory,
	// where all the module trees have been overlaid.
	// So we only check local module trees
	// (the main module, and any directory trees pointed at by replace directives).
	if isLocal {
		for d := dir; d != mdir && len(d) > len(mdir); {
			haveGoMod := haveGoModCache.Do(d, func() interface{} {
				fi, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(d, "go.mod"))
				return err == nil && !fi.IsDir()
			}).(bool)

			if haveGoMod {
				return "", false, nil
			}
			parent := filepath.Dir(d)
			if parent == d {
				// Break the loop, as otherwise we'd loop
				// forever if d=="." and mdir=="".
				break
			}
			d = parent
		}
	}

	// Now committed to returning dir (not "").

	// Are there Go source files in the directory?
	// We don't care about build tags, not even "+build ignore".
	// We're just looking for a plausible directory.
	res := haveGoFilesCache.Do(dir, func() interface{} {
		ok, err := isDirWithGoFiles(dir)
		return goFilesEntry{haveGoFiles: ok, err: err}
	}).(goFilesEntry)

	return dir, res.haveGoFiles, res.err
}

func isDirWithGoFiles(dir string) (bool, error) {
	f, err := os.Open(dir)
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return false, nil
		}
		return false, err
	}
	defer f.Close()

	names, firstErr := f.Readdirnames(-1)
	if firstErr != nil {
		if fi, err := f.Stat(); err == nil && !fi.IsDir() {
			return false, nil
		}

		// Rewrite the error from ReadDirNames to include the path if not present.
		// See https://golang.org/issue/38923.
		var pe *os.PathError
		if !errors.As(firstErr, &pe) {
			firstErr = &os.PathError{Op: "readdir", Path: dir, Err: firstErr}
		}
	}

	for _, name := range names {
		if strings.HasSuffix(name, ".go") {
			info, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, name))
			if err == nil && info.Mode().IsRegular() {
				// If any .go source file exists, the package exists regardless of
				// errors for other source files. Leave further error reporting for
				// later.
				return true, nil
			}
			if firstErr == nil {
				if os.IsNotExist(err) {
					// If the file was concurrently deleted, or was a broken symlink,
					// convert the error to an opaque error instead of one matching
					// os.IsNotExist.
					err = errors.New(err.Error())
				}
				firstErr = err
			}
		}
	}

	return false, firstErr
}