iconv() will include the UCS2->UTF8 convertion in systems that is not provided.

55 files changed, 11247 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/gl/Makefile.am b/gl/Makefile.am
index 1e232c3205..13660abb14 100644
--- a/gl/Makefile.am
+++ b/gl/Makefile.am
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 # the same distribution terms as the rest of that program.
 #
 # Generated by gnulib-tool.
-# Reproduce by: gnulib-tool --import --dir=. --local-dir=gl/override --lib=libgnu --source-base=gl --m4-base=gl/m4 --doc-base=doc --tests-base=gl/tests --aux-dir=build-aux --with-tests --avoid=alignof-tests --avoid=lock-tests --avoid=lseek-tests --no-conditional-dependencies --libtool --macro-prefix=gl --no-vc-files accept alloca alphasort argp base64 bind byteswap c-ctype close connect error extensions func gendocs getaddrinfo getpass getsubopt gettext gettime hash-pjw-bare havelib iconv inet_ntop inet_pton lib-msvc-compat lib-symbol-versions listen maintainer-makefile manywarnings memmem-simple minmax netdb netinet_in pmccabe2html progname read-file recv recvfrom scandir select send sendto servent setsockopt shutdown snprintf socket sockets socklen stdint strcase strndup strtok_r strverscmp sys_socket sys_stat time_r timer-time timespec u64 unistd valgrind-tests vasprintf version-etc version-etc-fsf vfprintf-posix vprintf-posix vsnprintf warnings
+# Reproduce by: gnulib-tool --import --dir=. --local-dir=gl/override --lib=libgnu --source-base=gl --m4-base=gl/m4 --doc-base=doc --tests-base=gl/tests --aux-dir=build-aux --with-tests --avoid=alignof-tests --avoid=lock-tests --avoid=lseek-tests --no-conditional-dependencies --libtool --macro-prefix=gl --no-vc-files accept alloca alphasort argp base64 bind byteswap c-ctype close connect error extensions func gendocs getaddrinfo getpass getsubopt gettext gettime hash-pjw-bare havelib iconv iconv_open-utf inet_ntop inet_pton lib-msvc-compat lib-symbol-versions listen maintainer-makefile manywarnings memmem-simple minmax netdb netinet_in pmccabe2html progname read-file recv recvfrom scandir select send sendto servent setsockopt shutdown snprintf socket sockets socklen stdint strcase strndup strtok_r strverscmp sys_socket sys_stat time_r timer-time timespec u64 unistd valgrind-tests vasprintf version-etc version-etc-fsf vfprintf-posix vprintf-posix vsnprintf warnings
 
 AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = 1.5 gnits subdir-objects
 
@@ -205,6 +205,12 @@ libgnu_la_SOURCES += c-ctype.h c-ctype.c
 
 ## end   gnulib module c-ctype
 
+## begin gnulib module c-strcase
+
+libgnu_la_SOURCES += c-strcase.h c-strcasecmp.c c-strncasecmp.c
+
+## end   gnulib module c-strcase
+
 ## begin gnulib module close
 
 
@@ -607,6 +613,12 @@ EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/GNUmakefile
 
 ## end   gnulib module gnumakefile
 
+## begin gnulib module gperf
+
+GPERF = gperf
+
+## end   gnulib module gperf
+
 ## begin gnulib module hash-pjw-bare
 
 libgnu_la_SOURCES += hash-pjw-bare.h hash-pjw-bare.c
@@ -620,6 +632,70 @@ EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/config.rpath
 
 ## end   gnulib module havelib
 
+## begin gnulib module iconv-h
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += $(ICONV_H)
+
+# We need the following in order to create <iconv.h> when the system
+# doesn't have one that works with the given compiler.
+if GL_GENERATE_ICONV_H
+iconv.h: iconv.in.h $(top_builddir)/config.status $(CXXDEFS_H) $(ARG_NONNULL_H) $(WARN_ON_USE_H)
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	{ echo '/* DO NOT EDIT! GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY! */' && \
+	  sed -e 's|@''GUARD_PREFIX''@|GL|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''INCLUDE_NEXT''@|$(INCLUDE_NEXT)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER''@|@PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_COLUMNS''@|@PRAGMA_COLUMNS@|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''NEXT_ICONV_H''@|$(NEXT_ICONV_H)|g' \
+	      -e 's/@''GNULIB_ICONV''@/$(GNULIB_ICONV)/g' \
+	      -e 's|@''ICONV_CONST''@|$(ICONV_CONST)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_ICONV''@|$(REPLACE_ICONV)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN''@|$(REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_ICONV_UTF''@|$(REPLACE_ICONV_UTF)|g' \
+	      -e '/definitions of _GL_FUNCDECL_RPL/r $(CXXDEFS_H)' \
+	      -e '/definition of _GL_ARG_NONNULL/r $(ARG_NONNULL_H)' \
+	      -e '/definition of _GL_WARN_ON_USE/r $(WARN_ON_USE_H)' \
+	      < $(srcdir)/iconv.in.h; \
+	} > $@-t && \
+	mv $@-t $@
+else
+iconv.h: $(top_builddir)/config.status
+	rm -f $@
+endif
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += iconv.h iconv.h-t
+
+EXTRA_DIST += iconv.in.h
+
+## end   gnulib module iconv-h
+
+## begin gnulib module iconv_open
+
+iconv_open-aix.h: iconv_open-aix.gperf
+	$(GPERF) -m 10 $(srcdir)/iconv_open-aix.gperf > $(srcdir)/iconv_open-aix.h-t
+	mv $(srcdir)/iconv_open-aix.h-t $(srcdir)/iconv_open-aix.h
+iconv_open-hpux.h: iconv_open-hpux.gperf
+	$(GPERF) -m 10 $(srcdir)/iconv_open-hpux.gperf > $(srcdir)/iconv_open-hpux.h-t
+	mv $(srcdir)/iconv_open-hpux.h-t $(srcdir)/iconv_open-hpux.h
+iconv_open-irix.h: iconv_open-irix.gperf
+	$(GPERF) -m 10 $(srcdir)/iconv_open-irix.gperf > $(srcdir)/iconv_open-irix.h-t
+	mv $(srcdir)/iconv_open-irix.h-t $(srcdir)/iconv_open-irix.h
+iconv_open-osf.h: iconv_open-osf.gperf
+	$(GPERF) -m 10 $(srcdir)/iconv_open-osf.gperf > $(srcdir)/iconv_open-osf.h-t
+	mv $(srcdir)/iconv_open-osf.h-t $(srcdir)/iconv_open-osf.h
+iconv_open-solaris.h: iconv_open-solaris.gperf
+	$(GPERF) -m 10 $(srcdir)/iconv_open-solaris.gperf > $(srcdir)/iconv_open-solaris.h-t
+	mv $(srcdir)/iconv_open-solaris.h-t $(srcdir)/iconv_open-solaris.h
+BUILT_SOURCES        += iconv_open-aix.h iconv_open-hpux.h iconv_open-irix.h iconv_open-osf.h iconv_open-solaris.h
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES     += iconv_open-aix.h-t iconv_open-hpux.h-t iconv_open-irix.h-t iconv_open-osf.h-t iconv_open-solaris.h-t
+MAINTAINERCLEANFILES += iconv_open-aix.h iconv_open-hpux.h iconv_open-irix.h iconv_open-osf.h iconv_open-solaris.h
+EXTRA_DIST           += iconv_open-aix.h iconv_open-hpux.h iconv_open-irix.h iconv_open-osf.h iconv_open-solaris.h
+
+EXTRA_DIST += iconv.c iconv_close.c iconv_open-aix.gperf iconv_open-hpux.gperf iconv_open-irix.gperf iconv_open-osf.gperf iconv_open-solaris.gperf iconv_open.c
+
+EXTRA_libgnu_la_SOURCES += iconv.c iconv_close.c iconv_open.c
+
+## end   gnulib module iconv_open
+
 ## begin gnulib module inet_ntop
 
 
@@ -1387,6 +1463,31 @@ EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/c++defs.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module snippet/c++defs
 
+## begin gnulib module snippet/unused-parameter
+
+# The BUILT_SOURCES created by this Makefile snippet are not used via #include
+# statements but through direct file reference. Therefore this snippet must be
+# present in all Makefile.am that need it. This is ensured by the applicability
+# 'all' defined above.
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += unused-parameter.h
+# The unused-parameter.h that gets inserted into generated .h files is the same
+# as build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h, except that it has the copyright
+# header cut off.
+unused-parameter.h: $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	sed -n -e '/GL_UNUSED_PARAMETER/,$$p' \
+	  < $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h \
+	  > $@-t && \
+	mv $@-t $@
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += unused-parameter.h unused-parameter.h-t
+
+UNUSED_PARAMETER_H=unused-parameter.h
+
+EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h
+
+## end   gnulib module snippet/unused-parameter
+
 ## begin gnulib module snippet/warn-on-use
 
 BUILT_SOURCES += warn-on-use.h
@@ -2514,6 +2615,54 @@ EXTRA_DIST += unistd.in.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module unistd
 
+## begin gnulib module unistr/base
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += $(LIBUNISTRING_UNISTR_H)
+
+unistr.h: unistr.in.h
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	{ echo '/* DO NOT EDIT! GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY! */'; \
+	  cat $(srcdir)/unistr.in.h; \
+	} > $@-t && \
+	mv -f $@-t $@
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += unistr.h unistr.h-t
+
+EXTRA_DIST += unistr.in.h
+
+## end   gnulib module unistr/base
+
+## begin gnulib module unistr/u8-mbtoucr
+
+if LIBUNISTRING_COMPILE_UNISTR_U8_MBTOUCR
+libgnu_la_SOURCES += unistr/u8-mbtoucr.c
+endif
+
+## end   gnulib module unistr/u8-mbtoucr
+
+## begin gnulib module unistr/u8-uctomb
+
+if LIBUNISTRING_COMPILE_UNISTR_U8_UCTOMB
+libgnu_la_SOURCES += unistr/u8-uctomb.c unistr/u8-uctomb-aux.c
+endif
+
+## end   gnulib module unistr/u8-uctomb
+
+## begin gnulib module unitypes
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += $(LIBUNISTRING_UNITYPES_H)
+
+unitypes.h: unitypes.in.h
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	{ echo '/* DO NOT EDIT! GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY! */'; \
+	  cat $(srcdir)/unitypes.in.h; \
+	} > $@-t && \
+	mv -f $@-t $@
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += unitypes.h unitypes.h-t
+
+EXTRA_DIST += unitypes.in.h
+
+## end   gnulib module unitypes
+
 ## begin gnulib module useless-if-before-free
 
 
diff --git a/gl/c-strcase.h b/gl/c-strcase.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdef2385ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/c-strcase.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/* Case-insensitive string comparison functions in C locale.
+   Copyright (C) 1995-1996, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2009-2012 Free Software
+   Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef C_STRCASE_H
+#define C_STRCASE_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+
+/* The functions defined in this file assume the "C" locale and a character
+   set without diacritics (ASCII-US or EBCDIC-US or something like that).
+   Even if the "C" locale on a particular system is an extension of the ASCII
+   character set (like on BeOS, where it is UTF-8, or on AmigaOS, where it
+   is ISO-8859-1), the functions in this file recognize only the ASCII
+   characters.  More precisely, one of the string arguments must be an ASCII
+   string; the other one can also contain non-ASCII characters (but then
+   the comparison result will be nonzero).  */
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/* Compare strings S1 and S2, ignoring case, returning less than, equal to or
+   greater than zero if S1 is lexicographically less than, equal to or greater
+   than S2.  */
+extern int c_strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2) _GL_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Compare no more than N characters of strings S1 and S2, ignoring case,
+   returning less than, equal to or greater than zero if S1 is
+   lexicographically less than, equal to or greater than S2.  */
+extern int c_strncasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
+  _GL_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#endif /* C_STRCASE_H */
diff --git a/gl/c-strcasecmp.c b/gl/c-strcasecmp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8332caf83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/c-strcasecmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/* c-strcasecmp.c -- case insensitive string comparator in C locale
+   Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2005-2006, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include "c-strcase.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include "c-ctype.h"
+
+int
+c_strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
+{
+  register const unsigned char *p1 = (const unsigned char *) s1;
+  register const unsigned char *p2 = (const unsigned char *) s2;
+  unsigned char c1, c2;
+
+  if (p1 == p2)
+    return 0;
+
+  do
+    {
+      c1 = c_tolower (*p1);
+      c2 = c_tolower (*p2);
+
+      if (c1 == '\0')
+        break;
+
+      ++p1;
+      ++p2;
+    }
+  while (c1 == c2);
+
+  if (UCHAR_MAX <= INT_MAX)
+    return c1 - c2;
+  else
+    /* On machines where 'char' and 'int' are types of the same size, the
+       difference of two 'unsigned char' values - including the sign bit -
+       doesn't fit in an 'int'.  */
+    return (c1 > c2 ? 1 : c1 < c2 ? -1 : 0);
+}
diff --git a/gl/c-strncasecmp.c b/gl/c-strncasecmp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47fb5fdb67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/c-strncasecmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/* c-strncasecmp.c -- case insensitive string comparator in C locale
+   Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2005-2006, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include "c-strcase.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include "c-ctype.h"
+
+int
+c_strncasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n)
+{
+  register const unsigned char *p1 = (const unsigned char *) s1;
+  register const unsigned char *p2 = (const unsigned char *) s2;
+  unsigned char c1, c2;
+
+  if (p1 == p2 || n == 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  do
+    {
+      c1 = c_tolower (*p1);
+      c2 = c_tolower (*p2);
+
+      if (--n == 0 || c1 == '\0')
+        break;
+
+      ++p1;
+      ++p2;
+    }
+  while (c1 == c2);
+
+  if (UCHAR_MAX <= INT_MAX)
+    return c1 - c2;
+  else
+    /* On machines where 'char' and 'int' are types of the same size, the
+       difference of two 'unsigned char' values - including the sign bit -
+       doesn't fit in an 'int'.  */
+    return (c1 > c2 ? 1 : c1 < c2 ? -1 : 0);
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv.c b/gl/iconv.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..66966ddf09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv.c
@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+/* Character set conversion.
+   Copyright (C) 1999-2001, 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#if REPLACE_ICONV_UTF
+# include <errno.h>
+# include <stdint.h>
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# include "unistr.h"
+# ifndef uintptr_t
+#  define uintptr_t unsigned long
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if REPLACE_ICONV_UTF
+
+/* UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE} converters taken from GNU libiconv 1.11.  */
+
+/* Return code if invalid. (xxx_mbtowc) */
+# define RET_ILSEQ      -1
+/* Return code if no bytes were read. (xxx_mbtowc) */
+# define RET_TOOFEW     -2
+
+/* Return code if invalid. (xxx_wctomb) */
+# define RET_ILUNI      -1
+/* Return code if output buffer is too small. (xxx_wctomb, xxx_reset) */
+# define RET_TOOSMALL   -2
+
+/*
+ * UTF-16BE
+ */
+
+/* Specification: RFC 2781 */
+
+static int
+utf16be_mbtowc (ucs4_t *pwc, const unsigned char *s, size_t n)
+{
+  if (n >= 2)
+    {
+      ucs4_t wc = (s[0] << 8) + s[1];
+      if (wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xdc00)
+        {
+          if (n >= 4)
+            {
+              ucs4_t wc2 = (s[2] << 8) + s[3];
+              if (!(wc2 >= 0xdc00 && wc2 < 0xe000))
+                return RET_ILSEQ;
+              *pwc = 0x10000 + ((wc - 0xd800) << 10) + (wc2 - 0xdc00);
+              return 4;
+            }
+        }
+      else if (wc >= 0xdc00 && wc < 0xe000)
+        {
+          return RET_ILSEQ;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          *pwc = wc;
+          return 2;
+        }
+    }
+  return RET_TOOFEW;
+}
+
+static int
+utf16be_wctomb (unsigned char *r, ucs4_t wc, size_t n)
+{
+  if (!(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+    {
+      if (wc < 0x10000)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              r[0] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 8);
+              r[1] = (unsigned char) wc;
+              return 2;
+            }
+          else
+            return RET_TOOSMALL;
+        }
+      else if (wc < 0x110000)
+        {
+          if (n >= 4)
+            {
+              ucs4_t wc1 = 0xd800 + ((wc - 0x10000) >> 10);
+              ucs4_t wc2 = 0xdc00 + ((wc - 0x10000) & 0x3ff);
+              r[0] = (unsigned char) (wc1 >> 8);
+              r[1] = (unsigned char) wc1;
+              r[2] = (unsigned char) (wc2 >> 8);
+              r[3] = (unsigned char) wc2;
+              return 4;
+            }
+          else
+            return RET_TOOSMALL;
+        }
+    }
+  return RET_ILUNI;
+}
+
+/*
+ * UTF-16LE
+ */
+
+/* Specification: RFC 2781 */
+
+static int
+utf16le_mbtowc (ucs4_t *pwc, const unsigned char *s, size_t n)
+{
+  if (n >= 2)
+    {
+      ucs4_t wc = s[0] + (s[1] << 8);
+      if (wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xdc00)
+        {
+          if (n >= 4)
+            {
+              ucs4_t wc2 = s[2] + (s[3] << 8);
+              if (!(wc2 >= 0xdc00 && wc2 < 0xe000))
+                return RET_ILSEQ;
+              *pwc = 0x10000 + ((wc - 0xd800) << 10) + (wc2 - 0xdc00);
+              return 4;
+            }
+        }
+      else if (wc >= 0xdc00 && wc < 0xe000)
+        {
+          return RET_ILSEQ;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          *pwc = wc;
+          return 2;
+        }
+    }
+  return RET_TOOFEW;
+}
+
+static int
+utf16le_wctomb (unsigned char *r, ucs4_t wc, size_t n)
+{
+  if (!(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+    {
+      if (wc < 0x10000)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              r[0] = (unsigned char) wc;
+              r[1] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 8);
+              return 2;
+            }
+          else
+            return RET_TOOSMALL;
+        }
+      else if (wc < 0x110000)
+        {
+          if (n >= 4)
+            {
+              ucs4_t wc1 = 0xd800 + ((wc - 0x10000) >> 10);
+              ucs4_t wc2 = 0xdc00 + ((wc - 0x10000) & 0x3ff);
+              r[0] = (unsigned char) wc1;
+              r[1] = (unsigned char) (wc1 >> 8);
+              r[2] = (unsigned char) wc2;
+              r[3] = (unsigned char) (wc2 >> 8);
+              return 4;
+            }
+          else
+            return RET_TOOSMALL;
+        }
+    }
+  return RET_ILUNI;
+}
+
+/*
+ * UTF-32BE
+ */
+
+/* Specification: Unicode 3.1 Standard Annex #19 */
+
+static int
+utf32be_mbtowc (ucs4_t *pwc, const unsigned char *s, size_t n)
+{
+  if (n >= 4)
+    {
+      ucs4_t wc = (s[0] << 24) + (s[1] << 16) + (s[2] << 8) + s[3];
+      if (wc < 0x110000 && !(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+        {
+          *pwc = wc;
+          return 4;
+        }
+      else
+        return RET_ILSEQ;
+    }
+  return RET_TOOFEW;
+}
+
+static int
+utf32be_wctomb (unsigned char *r, ucs4_t wc, size_t n)
+{
+  if (wc < 0x110000 && !(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+    {
+      if (n >= 4)
+        {
+          r[0] = 0;
+          r[1] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 16);
+          r[2] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 8);
+          r[3] = (unsigned char) wc;
+          return 4;
+        }
+      else
+        return RET_TOOSMALL;
+    }
+  return RET_ILUNI;
+}
+
+/*
+ * UTF-32LE
+ */
+
+/* Specification: Unicode 3.1 Standard Annex #19 */
+
+static int
+utf32le_mbtowc (ucs4_t *pwc, const unsigned char *s, size_t n)
+{
+  if (n >= 4)
+    {
+      ucs4_t wc = s[0] + (s[1] << 8) + (s[2] << 16) + (s[3] << 24);
+      if (wc < 0x110000 && !(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+        {
+          *pwc = wc;
+          return 4;
+        }
+      else
+        return RET_ILSEQ;
+    }
+  return RET_TOOFEW;
+}
+
+static int
+utf32le_wctomb (unsigned char *r, ucs4_t wc, size_t n)
+{
+  if (wc < 0x110000 && !(wc >= 0xd800 && wc < 0xe000))
+    {
+      if (n >= 4)
+        {
+          r[0] = (unsigned char) wc;
+          r[1] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 8);
+          r[2] = (unsigned char) (wc >> 16);
+          r[3] = 0;
+          return 4;
+        }
+      else
+        return RET_TOOSMALL;
+    }
+  return RET_ILUNI;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+size_t
+rpl_iconv (iconv_t cd,
+           ICONV_CONST char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
+           char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft)
+#undef iconv
+{
+#if REPLACE_ICONV_UTF
+  switch ((uintptr_t) cd)
+    {
+      {
+        int (*xxx_wctomb) (unsigned char *, ucs4_t, size_t);
+
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16BE:
+          xxx_wctomb = utf16be_wctomb;
+          goto loop_from_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16LE:
+          xxx_wctomb = utf16le_wctomb;
+          goto loop_from_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32BE:
+          xxx_wctomb = utf32be_wctomb;
+          goto loop_from_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32LE:
+          xxx_wctomb = utf32le_wctomb;
+          goto loop_from_utf8;
+
+       loop_from_utf8:
+        if (inbuf == NULL || *inbuf == NULL)
+          return 0;
+        {
+          ICONV_CONST char *inptr = *inbuf;
+          size_t inleft = *inbytesleft;
+          char *outptr = *outbuf;
+          size_t outleft = *outbytesleft;
+          size_t res = 0;
+          while (inleft > 0)
+            {
+              ucs4_t uc;
+              int m = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, (const uint8_t *) inptr, inleft);
+              if (m <= 0)
+                {
+                  if (m == -1)
+                    {
+                      errno = EILSEQ;
+                      res = (size_t)(-1);
+                      break;
+                    }
+                  if (m == -2)
+                    {
+                      errno = EINVAL;
+                      res = (size_t)(-1);
+                      break;
+                    }
+                  abort ();
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  int n = xxx_wctomb ((uint8_t *) outptr, uc, outleft);
+                  if (n < 0)
+                    {
+                      if (n == RET_ILUNI)
+                        {
+                          errno = EILSEQ;
+                          res = (size_t)(-1);
+                          break;
+                        }
+                      if (n == RET_TOOSMALL)
+                        {
+                          errno = E2BIG;
+                          res = (size_t)(-1);
+                          break;
+                        }
+                      abort ();
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      inptr += m;
+                      inleft -= m;
+                      outptr += n;
+                      outleft -= n;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+          *inbuf = inptr;
+          *inbytesleft = inleft;
+          *outbuf = outptr;
+          *outbytesleft = outleft;
+          return res;
+        }
+      }
+
+      {
+        int (*xxx_mbtowc) (ucs4_t *, const unsigned char *, size_t);
+
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF16BE_UTF8:
+          xxx_mbtowc = utf16be_mbtowc;
+          goto loop_to_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF16LE_UTF8:
+          xxx_mbtowc = utf16le_mbtowc;
+          goto loop_to_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF32BE_UTF8:
+          xxx_mbtowc = utf32be_mbtowc;
+          goto loop_to_utf8;
+        case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF32LE_UTF8:
+          xxx_mbtowc = utf32le_mbtowc;
+          goto loop_to_utf8;
+
+       loop_to_utf8:
+        if (inbuf == NULL || *inbuf == NULL)
+          return 0;
+        {
+          ICONV_CONST char *inptr = *inbuf;
+          size_t inleft = *inbytesleft;
+          char *outptr = *outbuf;
+          size_t outleft = *outbytesleft;
+          size_t res = 0;
+          while (inleft > 0)
+            {
+              ucs4_t uc;
+              int m = xxx_mbtowc (&uc, (const uint8_t *) inptr, inleft);
+              if (m <= 0)
+                {
+                  if (m == RET_ILSEQ)
+                    {
+                      errno = EILSEQ;
+                      res = (size_t)(-1);
+                      break;
+                    }
+                  if (m == RET_TOOFEW)
+                    {
+                      errno = EINVAL;
+                      res = (size_t)(-1);
+                      break;
+                    }
+                  abort ();
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  int n = u8_uctomb ((uint8_t *) outptr, uc, outleft);
+                  if (n < 0)
+                    {
+                      if (n == -1)
+                        {
+                          errno = EILSEQ;
+                          res = (size_t)(-1);
+                          break;
+                        }
+                      if (n == -2)
+                        {
+                          errno = E2BIG;
+                          res = (size_t)(-1);
+                          break;
+                        }
+                      abort ();
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      inptr += m;
+                      inleft -= m;
+                      outptr += n;
+                      outleft -= n;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+          *inbuf = inptr;
+          *inbytesleft = inleft;
+          *outbuf = outptr;
+          *outbytesleft = outleft;
+          return res;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+#endif
+  return iconv (cd, inbuf, inbytesleft, outbuf, outbytesleft);
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv.in.h b/gl/iconv.in.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ee42398b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv.in.h
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/* A GNU-like <iconv.h>.
+
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _@GUARD_PREFIX@_ICONV_H
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 3
+@PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@
+#endif
+@PRAGMA_COLUMNS@
+
+/* The include_next requires a split double-inclusion guard.  */
+#@INCLUDE_NEXT@ @NEXT_ICONV_H@
+
+#ifndef _@GUARD_PREFIX@_ICONV_H
+#define _@GUARD_PREFIX@_ICONV_H
+
+/* The definitions of _GL_FUNCDECL_RPL etc. are copied here.  */
+
+/* The definition of _GL_ARG_NONNULL is copied here.  */
+
+/* The definition of _GL_WARN_ON_USE is copied here.  */
+
+
+#if @GNULIB_ICONV@
+# if @REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN@
+/* An iconv_open wrapper that supports the IANA standardized encoding names
+   ("ISO-8859-1" etc.) as far as possible.  */
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   define iconv_open rpl_iconv_open
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (iconv_open, iconv_t,
+                  (const char *tocode, const char *fromcode)
+                  _GL_ARG_NONNULL ((1, 2)));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (iconv_open, iconv_t,
+                  (const char *tocode, const char *fromcode));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (iconv_open, iconv_t,
+                  (const char *tocode, const char *fromcode));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (iconv_open);
+#endif
+
+#if @REPLACE_ICONV_UTF@
+/* Special constants for supporting UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE} encodings.
+   Not public.  */
+# define _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16BE (iconv_t)(-161)
+# define _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16LE (iconv_t)(-162)
+# define _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32BE (iconv_t)(-163)
+# define _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32LE (iconv_t)(-164)
+# define _ICONV_UTF16BE_UTF8 (iconv_t)(-165)
+# define _ICONV_UTF16LE_UTF8 (iconv_t)(-166)
+# define _ICONV_UTF32BE_UTF8 (iconv_t)(-167)
+# define _ICONV_UTF32LE_UTF8 (iconv_t)(-168)
+#endif
+
+#if @GNULIB_ICONV@
+# if @REPLACE_ICONV@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   define iconv rpl_iconv
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (iconv, size_t,
+                  (iconv_t cd,
+                   @ICONV_CONST@ char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
+                   char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (iconv, size_t,
+                  (iconv_t cd,
+                   @ICONV_CONST@ char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
+                   char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (iconv, size_t,
+                  (iconv_t cd,
+                   @ICONV_CONST@ char **inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft,
+                   char **outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (iconv);
+# ifndef ICONV_CONST
+#  define ICONV_CONST @ICONV_CONST@
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if @GNULIB_ICONV@
+# if @REPLACE_ICONV@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   define iconv_close rpl_iconv_close
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (iconv_close, int, (iconv_t cd));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (iconv_close, int, (iconv_t cd));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (iconv_close, int, (iconv_t cd));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (iconv_close);
+#endif
+
+
+#endif /* _@GUARD_PREFIX@_ICONV_H */
+#endif /* _@GUARD_PREFIX@_ICONV_H */
diff --git a/gl/iconv_close.c b/gl/iconv_close.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c02f76c649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_close.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* Character set conversion.
+   Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#ifndef uintptr_t
+# define uintptr_t unsigned long
+#endif
+
+int
+rpl_iconv_close (iconv_t cd)
+#undef iconv_close
+{
+#if REPLACE_ICONV_UTF
+  switch ((uintptr_t) cd)
+    {
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16BE:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16LE:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32BE:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32LE:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF16BE_UTF8:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF16LE_UTF8:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF32BE_UTF8:
+    case (uintptr_t) _ICONV_UTF32LE_UTF8:
+      return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+  return iconv_close (cd);
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-aix.gperf b/gl/iconv_open-aix.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6782b9956c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-aix.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+%struct-type
+%language=ANSI-C
+%define slot-name standard_name
+%define hash-function-name mapping_hash
+%define lookup-function-name mapping_lookup
+%readonly-tables
+%global-table
+%define word-array-name mappings
+%pic
+%%
+# On AIX 5.1, look in /usr/lib/nls/loc/uconvTable.
+ISO-8859-1, "ISO8859-1"
+ISO-8859-2, "ISO8859-2"
+ISO-8859-3, "ISO8859-3"
+ISO-8859-4, "ISO8859-4"
+ISO-8859-5, "ISO8859-5"
+ISO-8859-6, "ISO8859-6"
+ISO-8859-7, "ISO8859-7"
+ISO-8859-8, "ISO8859-8"
+ISO-8859-9, "ISO8859-9"
+ISO-8859-15, "ISO8859-15"
+CP437, "IBM-437"
+CP850, "IBM-850"
+CP852, "IBM-852"
+CP856, "IBM-856"
+CP857, "IBM-857"
+CP861, "IBM-861"
+CP865, "IBM-865"
+CP869, "IBM-869"
+ISO-8859-13, "IBM-921"
+CP922, "IBM-922"
+CP932, "IBM-932"
+CP943, "IBM-943"
+CP1046, "IBM-1046"
+CP1124, "IBM-1124"
+CP1125, "IBM-1125"
+CP1129, "IBM-1129"
+CP1252, "IBM-1252"
+GB2312, "IBM-eucCN"
+EUC-JP, "IBM-eucJP"
+EUC-KR, "IBM-eucKR"
+EUC-TW, "IBM-eucTW"
+BIG5, "big5"
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-aix.h b/gl/iconv_open-aix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ffc3fef16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-aix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.0.3 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m 10 ./iconv_open-aix.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'4,$' */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+#line 1 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 32
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 44
+/* maximum key range = 39, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+mapping_hash (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,  0,  4, 25,
+       0, 11, 24,  9, 17,  3, 14, 21, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+       3, 45,  1, 45, 45, 45, 45,  0, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45,
+      45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45, 45
+    };
+  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[3]+2] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+}
+
+struct stringpool_t
+  {
+    char stringpool_str6[sizeof("EUC-TW")];
+    char stringpool_str7[sizeof("EUC-KR")];
+    char stringpool_str8[sizeof("CP852")];
+    char stringpool_str9[sizeof("EUC-JP")];
+    char stringpool_str10[sizeof("ISO-8859-2")];
+    char stringpool_str11[sizeof("CP857")];
+    char stringpool_str12[sizeof("CP850")];
+    char stringpool_str13[sizeof("ISO-8859-7")];
+    char stringpool_str14[sizeof("CP932")];
+    char stringpool_str15[sizeof("GB2312")];
+    char stringpool_str16[sizeof("BIG5")];
+    char stringpool_str17[sizeof("CP437")];
+    char stringpool_str19[sizeof("ISO-8859-5")];
+    char stringpool_str20[sizeof("ISO-8859-15")];
+    char stringpool_str21[sizeof("ISO-8859-3")];
+    char stringpool_str22[sizeof("ISO-8859-13")];
+    char stringpool_str23[sizeof("CP1046")];
+    char stringpool_str24[sizeof("ISO-8859-8")];
+    char stringpool_str25[sizeof("CP856")];
+    char stringpool_str26[sizeof("CP1125")];
+    char stringpool_str27[sizeof("ISO-8859-6")];
+    char stringpool_str28[sizeof("CP865")];
+    char stringpool_str29[sizeof("CP922")];
+    char stringpool_str30[sizeof("CP1252")];
+    char stringpool_str31[sizeof("ISO-8859-9")];
+    char stringpool_str33[sizeof("CP943")];
+    char stringpool_str34[sizeof("ISO-8859-4")];
+    char stringpool_str35[sizeof("ISO-8859-1")];
+    char stringpool_str38[sizeof("CP1129")];
+    char stringpool_str40[sizeof("CP869")];
+    char stringpool_str41[sizeof("CP1124")];
+    char stringpool_str44[sizeof("CP861")];
+  };
+static const struct stringpool_t stringpool_contents =
+  {
+    "EUC-TW",
+    "EUC-KR",
+    "CP852",
+    "EUC-JP",
+    "ISO-8859-2",
+    "CP857",
+    "CP850",
+    "ISO-8859-7",
+    "CP932",
+    "GB2312",
+    "BIG5",
+    "CP437",
+    "ISO-8859-5",
+    "ISO-8859-15",
+    "ISO-8859-3",
+    "ISO-8859-13",
+    "CP1046",
+    "ISO-8859-8",
+    "CP856",
+    "CP1125",
+    "ISO-8859-6",
+    "CP865",
+    "CP922",
+    "CP1252",
+    "ISO-8859-9",
+    "CP943",
+    "ISO-8859-4",
+    "ISO-8859-1",
+    "CP1129",
+    "CP869",
+    "CP1124",
+    "CP861"
+  };
+#define stringpool ((const char *) &stringpool_contents)
+
+static const struct mapping mappings[] =
+  {
+    {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#line 43 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str6, "IBM-eucTW"},
+#line 42 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str7, "IBM-eucKR"},
+#line 25 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str8, "IBM-852"},
+#line 41 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str9, "IBM-eucJP"},
+#line 14 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str10, "ISO8859-2"},
+#line 27 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str11, "IBM-857"},
+#line 24 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str12, "IBM-850"},
+#line 19 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str13, "ISO8859-7"},
+#line 33 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str14, "IBM-932"},
+#line 40 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str15, "IBM-eucCN"},
+#line 44 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str16, "big5"},
+#line 23 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str17, "IBM-437"},
+    {-1},
+#line 17 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str19, "ISO8859-5"},
+#line 22 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str20, "ISO8859-15"},
+#line 15 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str21, "ISO8859-3"},
+#line 31 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str22, "IBM-921"},
+#line 35 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str23, "IBM-1046"},
+#line 20 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str24, "ISO8859-8"},
+#line 26 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str25, "IBM-856"},
+#line 37 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str26, "IBM-1125"},
+#line 18 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str27, "ISO8859-6"},
+#line 29 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str28, "IBM-865"},
+#line 32 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str29, "IBM-922"},
+#line 39 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str30, "IBM-1252"},
+#line 21 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str31, "ISO8859-9"},
+    {-1},
+#line 34 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str33, "IBM-943"},
+#line 16 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str34, "ISO8859-4"},
+#line 13 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str35, "ISO8859-1"},
+    {-1}, {-1},
+#line 38 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str38, "IBM-1129"},
+    {-1},
+#line 30 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str40, "IBM-869"},
+#line 36 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str41, "IBM-1124"},
+    {-1}, {-1},
+#line 28 "./iconv_open-aix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str44, "IBM-861"}
+  };
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
+__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))
+#endif
+#endif
+const struct mapping *
+mapping_lookup (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register int key = mapping_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+          register int o = mappings[key].standard_name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + stringpool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return &mappings[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-hpux.gperf b/gl/iconv_open-hpux.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a35c83e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-hpux.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[9 + 1]; };
+%struct-type
+%language=ANSI-C
+%define slot-name standard_name
+%define hash-function-name mapping_hash
+%define lookup-function-name mapping_lookup
+%readonly-tables
+%global-table
+%define word-array-name mappings
+%pic
+%%
+# On HP-UX 11.11, look in /usr/lib/nls/iconv.
+ISO-8859-1, "iso88591"
+ISO-8859-2, "iso88592"
+ISO-8859-5, "iso88595"
+ISO-8859-6, "iso88596"
+ISO-8859-7, "iso88597"
+ISO-8859-8, "iso88598"
+ISO-8859-9, "iso88599"
+ISO-8859-15, "iso885915"
+CP437, "cp437"
+CP775, "cp775"
+CP850, "cp850"
+CP852, "cp852"
+CP855, "cp855"
+CP857, "cp857"
+CP861, "cp861"
+CP862, "cp862"
+CP864, "cp864"
+CP865, "cp865"
+CP866, "cp866"
+CP869, "cp869"
+CP874, "cp874"
+CP1250, "cp1250"
+CP1251, "cp1251"
+CP1252, "cp1252"
+CP1253, "cp1253"
+CP1254, "cp1254"
+CP1255, "cp1255"
+CP1256, "cp1256"
+CP1257, "cp1257"
+CP1258, "cp1258"
+HP-ROMAN8, "roman8"
+HP-ARABIC8, "arabic8"
+HP-GREEK8, "greek8"
+HP-HEBREW8, "hebrew8"
+HP-TURKISH8, "turkish8"
+HP-KANA8, "kana8"
+TIS-620, "tis620"
+GB2312, "hp15CN"
+EUC-JP, "eucJP"
+EUC-KR, "eucKR"
+EUC-TW, "eucTW"
+BIG5, "big5"
+SHIFT_JIS, "sjis"
+UTF-8, "utf8"
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-hpux.h b/gl/iconv_open-hpux.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f9f0a9ad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-hpux.h
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.0.3 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m 10 ./iconv_open-hpux.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'4,$' */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+#line 1 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[9 + 1]; };
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 44
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 49
+/* maximum key range = 44, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+mapping_hash (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,  1,  2,
+      24, 43,  5, 10,  0, 13, 32,  3, 19, 18,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,  5,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 14,  5,  0, 50, 50,  0,
+      27, 50, 12, 14, 50, 50,  0,  5,  2, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50,
+      50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50, 50
+    };
+  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[3]+4] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+}
+
+struct stringpool_t
+  {
+    char stringpool_str6[sizeof("CP1256")];
+    char stringpool_str7[sizeof("CP1250")];
+    char stringpool_str8[sizeof("CP1251")];
+    char stringpool_str9[sizeof("CP850")];
+    char stringpool_str10[sizeof("TIS-620")];
+    char stringpool_str11[sizeof("CP1254")];
+    char stringpool_str12[sizeof("ISO-8859-6")];
+    char stringpool_str13[sizeof("EUC-TW")];
+    char stringpool_str14[sizeof("ISO-8859-1")];
+    char stringpool_str15[sizeof("ISO-8859-9")];
+    char stringpool_str16[sizeof("CP1255")];
+    char stringpool_str17[sizeof("BIG5")];
+    char stringpool_str18[sizeof("CP855")];
+    char stringpool_str19[sizeof("CP1257")];
+    char stringpool_str20[sizeof("EUC-KR")];
+    char stringpool_str21[sizeof("CP857")];
+    char stringpool_str22[sizeof("ISO-8859-5")];
+    char stringpool_str23[sizeof("ISO-8859-15")];
+    char stringpool_str24[sizeof("CP866")];
+    char stringpool_str25[sizeof("ISO-8859-7")];
+    char stringpool_str26[sizeof("CP861")];
+    char stringpool_str27[sizeof("CP869")];
+    char stringpool_str28[sizeof("CP874")];
+    char stringpool_str29[sizeof("CP864")];
+    char stringpool_str30[sizeof("CP1252")];
+    char stringpool_str31[sizeof("CP437")];
+    char stringpool_str32[sizeof("CP852")];
+    char stringpool_str33[sizeof("CP775")];
+    char stringpool_str34[sizeof("CP865")];
+    char stringpool_str35[sizeof("EUC-JP")];
+    char stringpool_str36[sizeof("ISO-8859-2")];
+    char stringpool_str37[sizeof("SHIFT_JIS")];
+    char stringpool_str38[sizeof("CP1258")];
+    char stringpool_str39[sizeof("UTF-8")];
+    char stringpool_str40[sizeof("HP-KANA8")];
+    char stringpool_str41[sizeof("HP-ROMAN8")];
+    char stringpool_str42[sizeof("HP-HEBREW8")];
+    char stringpool_str43[sizeof("GB2312")];
+    char stringpool_str44[sizeof("ISO-8859-8")];
+    char stringpool_str45[sizeof("HP-TURKISH8")];
+    char stringpool_str46[sizeof("HP-GREEK8")];
+    char stringpool_str47[sizeof("HP-ARABIC8")];
+    char stringpool_str48[sizeof("CP862")];
+    char stringpool_str49[sizeof("CP1253")];
+  };
+static const struct stringpool_t stringpool_contents =
+  {
+    "CP1256",
+    "CP1250",
+    "CP1251",
+    "CP850",
+    "TIS-620",
+    "CP1254",
+    "ISO-8859-6",
+    "EUC-TW",
+    "ISO-8859-1",
+    "ISO-8859-9",
+    "CP1255",
+    "BIG5",
+    "CP855",
+    "CP1257",
+    "EUC-KR",
+    "CP857",
+    "ISO-8859-5",
+    "ISO-8859-15",
+    "CP866",
+    "ISO-8859-7",
+    "CP861",
+    "CP869",
+    "CP874",
+    "CP864",
+    "CP1252",
+    "CP437",
+    "CP852",
+    "CP775",
+    "CP865",
+    "EUC-JP",
+    "ISO-8859-2",
+    "SHIFT_JIS",
+    "CP1258",
+    "UTF-8",
+    "HP-KANA8",
+    "HP-ROMAN8",
+    "HP-HEBREW8",
+    "GB2312",
+    "ISO-8859-8",
+    "HP-TURKISH8",
+    "HP-GREEK8",
+    "HP-ARABIC8",
+    "CP862",
+    "CP1253"
+  };
+#define stringpool ((const char *) &stringpool_contents)
+
+static const struct mapping mappings[] =
+  {
+    {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#line 40 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str6, "cp1256"},
+#line 34 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str7, "cp1250"},
+#line 35 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str8, "cp1251"},
+#line 23 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str9, "cp850"},
+#line 49 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str10, "tis620"},
+#line 38 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str11, "cp1254"},
+#line 16 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str12, "iso88596"},
+#line 53 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str13, "eucTW"},
+#line 13 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str14, "iso88591"},
+#line 19 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str15, "iso88599"},
+#line 39 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str16, "cp1255"},
+#line 54 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str17, "big5"},
+#line 25 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str18, "cp855"},
+#line 41 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str19, "cp1257"},
+#line 52 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str20, "eucKR"},
+#line 26 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str21, "cp857"},
+#line 15 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str22, "iso88595"},
+#line 20 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str23, "iso885915"},
+#line 31 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str24, "cp866"},
+#line 17 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str25, "iso88597"},
+#line 27 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str26, "cp861"},
+#line 32 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str27, "cp869"},
+#line 33 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str28, "cp874"},
+#line 29 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str29, "cp864"},
+#line 36 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str30, "cp1252"},
+#line 21 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str31, "cp437"},
+#line 24 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str32, "cp852"},
+#line 22 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str33, "cp775"},
+#line 30 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str34, "cp865"},
+#line 51 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str35, "eucJP"},
+#line 14 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str36, "iso88592"},
+#line 55 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str37, "sjis"},
+#line 42 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str38, "cp1258"},
+#line 56 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str39, "utf8"},
+#line 48 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str40, "kana8"},
+#line 43 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str41, "roman8"},
+#line 46 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str42, "hebrew8"},
+#line 50 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str43, "hp15CN"},
+#line 18 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str44, "iso88598"},
+#line 47 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str45, "turkish8"},
+#line 45 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str46, "greek8"},
+#line 44 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str47, "arabic8"},
+#line 28 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str48, "cp862"},
+#line 37 "./iconv_open-hpux.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str49, "cp1253"}
+  };
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
+__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))
+#endif
+#endif
+const struct mapping *
+mapping_lookup (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register int key = mapping_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+          register int o = mappings[key].standard_name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + stringpool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return &mappings[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-irix.gperf b/gl/iconv_open-irix.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3672a80137
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-irix.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+%struct-type
+%language=ANSI-C
+%define slot-name standard_name
+%define hash-function-name mapping_hash
+%define lookup-function-name mapping_lookup
+%readonly-tables
+%global-table
+%define word-array-name mappings
+%pic
+%%
+# On IRIX 6.5, look in /usr/lib/iconv and /usr/lib/international/encodings.
+ISO-8859-1, "ISO8859-1"
+ISO-8859-2, "ISO8859-2"
+ISO-8859-3, "ISO8859-3"
+ISO-8859-4, "ISO8859-4"
+ISO-8859-5, "ISO8859-5"
+ISO-8859-6, "ISO8859-6"
+ISO-8859-7, "ISO8859-7"
+ISO-8859-8, "ISO8859-8"
+ISO-8859-9, "ISO8859-9"
+ISO-8859-15, "ISO8859-15"
+KOI8-R, "KOI8"
+CP855, "DOS855"
+CP1251, "WIN1251"
+GB2312, "eucCN"
+EUC-JP, "eucJP"
+EUC-KR, "eucKR"
+EUC-TW, "eucTW"
+SHIFT_JIS, "sjis"
+TIS-620, "TIS620"
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-irix.h b/gl/iconv_open-irix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..520582e52e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-irix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.0.3 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m 10 ./iconv_open-irix.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'1,$' */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+#line 1 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 19
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 5
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 5
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 23
+/* maximum key range = 19, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+mapping_hash (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,  8,  2,
+       5, 12, 11,  0, 10,  9,  8,  7, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,  0, 24,  0,
+      24,  5, 24,  0, 24,  7, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+       7, 24,  1,  0,  8, 24, 24,  0, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+      24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24
+    };
+  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[0]];
+}
+
+struct stringpool_t
+  {
+    char stringpool_str5[sizeof("CP855")];
+    char stringpool_str6[sizeof("EUC-TW")];
+    char stringpool_str7[sizeof("EUC-KR")];
+    char stringpool_str8[sizeof("CP1251")];
+    char stringpool_str9[sizeof("SHIFT_JIS")];
+    char stringpool_str10[sizeof("ISO-8859-5")];
+    char stringpool_str11[sizeof("ISO-8859-15")];
+    char stringpool_str12[sizeof("ISO-8859-1")];
+    char stringpool_str13[sizeof("EUC-JP")];
+    char stringpool_str14[sizeof("KOI8-R")];
+    char stringpool_str15[sizeof("ISO-8859-2")];
+    char stringpool_str16[sizeof("GB2312")];
+    char stringpool_str17[sizeof("ISO-8859-9")];
+    char stringpool_str18[sizeof("ISO-8859-8")];
+    char stringpool_str19[sizeof("ISO-8859-7")];
+    char stringpool_str20[sizeof("ISO-8859-6")];
+    char stringpool_str21[sizeof("ISO-8859-4")];
+    char stringpool_str22[sizeof("ISO-8859-3")];
+    char stringpool_str23[sizeof("TIS-620")];
+  };
+static const struct stringpool_t stringpool_contents =
+  {
+    "CP855",
+    "EUC-TW",
+    "EUC-KR",
+    "CP1251",
+    "SHIFT_JIS",
+    "ISO-8859-5",
+    "ISO-8859-15",
+    "ISO-8859-1",
+    "EUC-JP",
+    "KOI8-R",
+    "ISO-8859-2",
+    "GB2312",
+    "ISO-8859-9",
+    "ISO-8859-8",
+    "ISO-8859-7",
+    "ISO-8859-6",
+    "ISO-8859-4",
+    "ISO-8859-3",
+    "TIS-620"
+  };
+#define stringpool ((const char *) &stringpool_contents)
+
+static const struct mapping mappings[] =
+  {
+    {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#line 24 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str5, "DOS855"},
+#line 29 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str6, "eucTW"},
+#line 28 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str7, "eucKR"},
+#line 25 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str8, "WIN1251"},
+#line 30 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str9, "sjis"},
+#line 17 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str10, "ISO8859-5"},
+#line 22 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str11, "ISO8859-15"},
+#line 13 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str12, "ISO8859-1"},
+#line 27 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str13, "eucJP"},
+#line 23 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str14, "KOI8"},
+#line 14 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str15, "ISO8859-2"},
+#line 26 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str16, "eucCN"},
+#line 21 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str17, "ISO8859-9"},
+#line 20 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str18, "ISO8859-8"},
+#line 19 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str19, "ISO8859-7"},
+#line 18 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str20, "ISO8859-6"},
+#line 16 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str21, "ISO8859-4"},
+#line 15 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str22, "ISO8859-3"},
+#line 31 "./iconv_open-irix.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str23, "TIS620"}
+  };
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
+__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))
+#endif
+#endif
+const struct mapping *
+mapping_lookup (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register int key = mapping_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+          register int o = mappings[key].standard_name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + stringpool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return &mappings[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-osf.gperf b/gl/iconv_open-osf.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f468ff6093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-osf.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+%struct-type
+%language=ANSI-C
+%define slot-name standard_name
+%define hash-function-name mapping_hash
+%define lookup-function-name mapping_lookup
+%readonly-tables
+%global-table
+%define word-array-name mappings
+%pic
+%%
+# On OSF/1 5.1, look in /usr/lib/nls/loc/iconv.
+ISO-8859-1, "ISO8859-1"
+ISO-8859-2, "ISO8859-2"
+ISO-8859-3, "ISO8859-3"
+ISO-8859-4, "ISO8859-4"
+ISO-8859-5, "ISO8859-5"
+ISO-8859-6, "ISO8859-6"
+ISO-8859-7, "ISO8859-7"
+ISO-8859-8, "ISO8859-8"
+ISO-8859-9, "ISO8859-9"
+ISO-8859-15, "ISO8859-15"
+CP437, "cp437"
+CP775, "cp775"
+CP850, "cp850"
+CP852, "cp852"
+CP855, "cp855"
+CP857, "cp857"
+CP861, "cp861"
+CP862, "cp862"
+CP865, "cp865"
+CP866, "cp866"
+CP869, "cp869"
+CP874, "cp874"
+CP949, "KSC5601"
+CP1250, "cp1250"
+CP1251, "cp1251"
+CP1252, "cp1252"
+CP1253, "cp1253"
+CP1254, "cp1254"
+CP1255, "cp1255"
+CP1256, "cp1256"
+CP1257, "cp1257"
+CP1258, "cp1258"
+EUC-JP, "eucJP"
+EUC-KR, "eucKR"
+EUC-TW, "eucTW"
+BIG5, "big5"
+SHIFT_JIS, "SJIS"
+TIS-620, "TACTIS"
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-osf.h b/gl/iconv_open-osf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85e4c0f8fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-osf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.0.3 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m 10 ./iconv_open-osf.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'4,$' */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+#line 1 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 38
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 4
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 6
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 47
+/* maximum key range = 42, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+mapping_hash (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,  2, 29,
+      24, 34, 31,  0, 15, 14, 10, 13,  2, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48,  7, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      11, 48,  2,  7, 48, 48, 48,  1, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+      48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48
+    };
+  return len + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[3]+3] + asso_values[(unsigned char)str[len - 1]];
+}
+
+struct stringpool_t
+  {
+    char stringpool_str6[sizeof("CP1255")];
+    char stringpool_str7[sizeof("CP775")];
+    char stringpool_str8[sizeof("CP1250")];
+    char stringpool_str9[sizeof("EUC-TW")];
+    char stringpool_str10[sizeof("EUC-KR")];
+    char stringpool_str11[sizeof("TIS-620")];
+    char stringpool_str12[sizeof("ISO-8859-5")];
+    char stringpool_str13[sizeof("ISO-8859-15")];
+    char stringpool_str14[sizeof("BIG5")];
+    char stringpool_str15[sizeof("CP855")];
+    char stringpool_str16[sizeof("CP1258")];
+    char stringpool_str17[sizeof("CP850")];
+    char stringpool_str18[sizeof("CP865")];
+    char stringpool_str19[sizeof("EUC-JP")];
+    char stringpool_str20[sizeof("CP1257")];
+    char stringpool_str21[sizeof("CP1256")];
+    char stringpool_str22[sizeof("ISO-8859-8")];
+    char stringpool_str23[sizeof("SHIFT_JIS")];
+    char stringpool_str25[sizeof("ISO-8859-9")];
+    char stringpool_str26[sizeof("ISO-8859-7")];
+    char stringpool_str27[sizeof("ISO-8859-6")];
+    char stringpool_str29[sizeof("CP857")];
+    char stringpool_str30[sizeof("CP1252")];
+    char stringpool_str31[sizeof("CP869")];
+    char stringpool_str32[sizeof("CP949")];
+    char stringpool_str33[sizeof("CP866")];
+    char stringpool_str34[sizeof("CP437")];
+    char stringpool_str35[sizeof("CP1251")];
+    char stringpool_str36[sizeof("ISO-8859-2")];
+    char stringpool_str37[sizeof("CP1254")];
+    char stringpool_str38[sizeof("CP874")];
+    char stringpool_str39[sizeof("CP852")];
+    char stringpool_str40[sizeof("CP1253")];
+    char stringpool_str41[sizeof("ISO-8859-1")];
+    char stringpool_str42[sizeof("CP862")];
+    char stringpool_str43[sizeof("ISO-8859-4")];
+    char stringpool_str46[sizeof("ISO-8859-3")];
+    char stringpool_str47[sizeof("CP861")];
+  };
+static const struct stringpool_t stringpool_contents =
+  {
+    "CP1255",
+    "CP775",
+    "CP1250",
+    "EUC-TW",
+    "EUC-KR",
+    "TIS-620",
+    "ISO-8859-5",
+    "ISO-8859-15",
+    "BIG5",
+    "CP855",
+    "CP1258",
+    "CP850",
+    "CP865",
+    "EUC-JP",
+    "CP1257",
+    "CP1256",
+    "ISO-8859-8",
+    "SHIFT_JIS",
+    "ISO-8859-9",
+    "ISO-8859-7",
+    "ISO-8859-6",
+    "CP857",
+    "CP1252",
+    "CP869",
+    "CP949",
+    "CP866",
+    "CP437",
+    "CP1251",
+    "ISO-8859-2",
+    "CP1254",
+    "CP874",
+    "CP852",
+    "CP1253",
+    "ISO-8859-1",
+    "CP862",
+    "ISO-8859-4",
+    "ISO-8859-3",
+    "CP861"
+  };
+#define stringpool ((const char *) &stringpool_contents)
+
+static const struct mapping mappings[] =
+  {
+    {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#line 41 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str6, "cp1255"},
+#line 24 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str7, "cp775"},
+#line 36 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str8, "cp1250"},
+#line 47 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str9, "eucTW"},
+#line 46 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str10, "eucKR"},
+#line 50 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str11, "TACTIS"},
+#line 17 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str12, "ISO8859-5"},
+#line 22 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str13, "ISO8859-15"},
+#line 48 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str14, "big5"},
+#line 27 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str15, "cp855"},
+#line 44 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str16, "cp1258"},
+#line 25 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str17, "cp850"},
+#line 31 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str18, "cp865"},
+#line 45 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str19, "eucJP"},
+#line 43 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str20, "cp1257"},
+#line 42 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str21, "cp1256"},
+#line 20 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str22, "ISO8859-8"},
+#line 49 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str23, "SJIS"},
+    {-1},
+#line 21 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str25, "ISO8859-9"},
+#line 19 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str26, "ISO8859-7"},
+#line 18 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str27, "ISO8859-6"},
+    {-1},
+#line 28 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str29, "cp857"},
+#line 38 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str30, "cp1252"},
+#line 33 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str31, "cp869"},
+#line 35 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str32, "KSC5601"},
+#line 32 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str33, "cp866"},
+#line 23 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str34, "cp437"},
+#line 37 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str35, "cp1251"},
+#line 14 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str36, "ISO8859-2"},
+#line 40 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str37, "cp1254"},
+#line 34 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str38, "cp874"},
+#line 26 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str39, "cp852"},
+#line 39 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str40, "cp1253"},
+#line 13 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str41, "ISO8859-1"},
+#line 30 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str42, "cp862"},
+#line 16 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str43, "ISO8859-4"},
+    {-1}, {-1},
+#line 15 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str46, "ISO8859-3"},
+#line 29 "./iconv_open-osf.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str47, "cp861"}
+  };
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
+__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))
+#endif
+#endif
+const struct mapping *
+mapping_lookup (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register int key = mapping_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+          register int o = mappings[key].standard_name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + stringpool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return &mappings[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-solaris.gperf b/gl/iconv_open-solaris.gperf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d7da38e6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-solaris.gperf
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+%struct-type
+%language=ANSI-C
+%define slot-name standard_name
+%define hash-function-name mapping_hash
+%define lookup-function-name mapping_lookup
+%readonly-tables
+%global-table
+%define word-array-name mappings
+%pic
+%%
+# On Solaris 10, look in the "iconv -l" output. Some aliases are advertised but
+# not actually supported by the iconv() function and by the 'iconv' program.
+# For example:
+#   $ echo abc | iconv -f 646 -t ISO-8859-1
+#   Not supported 646 to ISO-8859-1
+#   $ echo abc | iconv -f 646 -t ISO8859-1
+$   abc
+ASCII, "646"
+ISO-8859-1, "ISO8859-1"
+ISO-8859-2, "ISO8859-2"
+ISO-8859-3, "ISO8859-3"
+ISO-8859-4, "ISO8859-4"
+ISO-8859-5, "ISO8859-5"
+ISO-8859-6, "ISO8859-6"
+ISO-8859-7, "ISO8859-7"
+ISO-8859-8, "ISO8859-8"
+ISO-8859-9, "ISO8859-9"
+ISO-8859-15, "ISO8859-15"
+CP1251, "ansi-1251"
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open-solaris.h b/gl/iconv_open-solaris.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2963145be8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open-solaris.h
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+/* ANSI-C code produced by gperf version 3.0.3 */
+/* Command-line: gperf -m 10 ./iconv_open-solaris.gperf  */
+/* Computed positions: -k'10' */
+
+#if !((' ' == 32) && ('!' == 33) && ('"' == 34) && ('#' == 35) \
+      && ('%' == 37) && ('&' == 38) && ('\'' == 39) && ('(' == 40) \
+      && (')' == 41) && ('*' == 42) && ('+' == 43) && (',' == 44) \
+      && ('-' == 45) && ('.' == 46) && ('/' == 47) && ('0' == 48) \
+      && ('1' == 49) && ('2' == 50) && ('3' == 51) && ('4' == 52) \
+      && ('5' == 53) && ('6' == 54) && ('7' == 55) && ('8' == 56) \
+      && ('9' == 57) && (':' == 58) && (';' == 59) && ('<' == 60) \
+      && ('=' == 61) && ('>' == 62) && ('?' == 63) && ('A' == 65) \
+      && ('B' == 66) && ('C' == 67) && ('D' == 68) && ('E' == 69) \
+      && ('F' == 70) && ('G' == 71) && ('H' == 72) && ('I' == 73) \
+      && ('J' == 74) && ('K' == 75) && ('L' == 76) && ('M' == 77) \
+      && ('N' == 78) && ('O' == 79) && ('P' == 80) && ('Q' == 81) \
+      && ('R' == 82) && ('S' == 83) && ('T' == 84) && ('U' == 85) \
+      && ('V' == 86) && ('W' == 87) && ('X' == 88) && ('Y' == 89) \
+      && ('Z' == 90) && ('[' == 91) && ('\\' == 92) && (']' == 93) \
+      && ('^' == 94) && ('_' == 95) && ('a' == 97) && ('b' == 98) \
+      && ('c' == 99) && ('d' == 100) && ('e' == 101) && ('f' == 102) \
+      && ('g' == 103) && ('h' == 104) && ('i' == 105) && ('j' == 106) \
+      && ('k' == 107) && ('l' == 108) && ('m' == 109) && ('n' == 110) \
+      && ('o' == 111) && ('p' == 112) && ('q' == 113) && ('r' == 114) \
+      && ('s' == 115) && ('t' == 116) && ('u' == 117) && ('v' == 118) \
+      && ('w' == 119) && ('x' == 120) && ('y' == 121) && ('z' == 122) \
+      && ('{' == 123) && ('|' == 124) && ('}' == 125) && ('~' == 126))
+/* The character set is not based on ISO-646.  */
+#error "gperf generated tables don't work with this execution character set. Please report a bug to <bug-gnu-gperf@gnu.org>."
+#endif
+
+#line 1 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+struct mapping { int standard_name; const char vendor_name[10 + 1]; };
+
+#define TOTAL_KEYWORDS 13
+#define MIN_WORD_LENGTH 5
+#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 11
+#define MIN_HASH_VALUE 5
+#define MAX_HASH_VALUE 19
+/* maximum key range = 15, duplicates = 0 */
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#else
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+inline
+#endif
+#endif
+static unsigned int
+mapping_hash (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  static const unsigned char asso_values[] =
+    {
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,  0,
+       9,  8,  7,  6,  5,  4,  3,  2, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20,
+      20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20
+    };
+  register int hval = len;
+
+  switch (hval)
+    {
+      default:
+        hval += asso_values[(unsigned char)str[9]];
+      /*FALLTHROUGH*/
+      case 9:
+      case 8:
+      case 7:
+      case 6:
+      case 5:
+        break;
+    }
+  return hval;
+}
+
+struct stringpool_t
+  {
+    char stringpool_str5[sizeof("ASCII")];
+    char stringpool_str6[sizeof("CP1251")];
+    char stringpool_str7[sizeof("$   abc")];
+    char stringpool_str10[sizeof("ISO-8859-1")];
+    char stringpool_str11[sizeof("ISO-8859-15")];
+    char stringpool_str12[sizeof("ISO-8859-9")];
+    char stringpool_str13[sizeof("ISO-8859-8")];
+    char stringpool_str14[sizeof("ISO-8859-7")];
+    char stringpool_str15[sizeof("ISO-8859-6")];
+    char stringpool_str16[sizeof("ISO-8859-5")];
+    char stringpool_str17[sizeof("ISO-8859-4")];
+    char stringpool_str18[sizeof("ISO-8859-3")];
+    char stringpool_str19[sizeof("ISO-8859-2")];
+  };
+static const struct stringpool_t stringpool_contents =
+  {
+    "ASCII",
+    "CP1251",
+    "$   abc",
+    "ISO-8859-1",
+    "ISO-8859-15",
+    "ISO-8859-9",
+    "ISO-8859-8",
+    "ISO-8859-7",
+    "ISO-8859-6",
+    "ISO-8859-5",
+    "ISO-8859-4",
+    "ISO-8859-3",
+    "ISO-8859-2"
+  };
+#define stringpool ((const char *) &stringpool_contents)
+
+static const struct mapping mappings[] =
+  {
+    {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1}, {-1},
+#line 19 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str5, "646"},
+#line 30 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str6, "ansi-1251"},
+#line 18 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str7},
+    {-1}, {-1},
+#line 20 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str10, "ISO8859-1"},
+#line 29 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str11, "ISO8859-15"},
+#line 28 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str12, "ISO8859-9"},
+#line 27 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str13, "ISO8859-8"},
+#line 26 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str14, "ISO8859-7"},
+#line 25 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str15, "ISO8859-6"},
+#line 24 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str16, "ISO8859-5"},
+#line 23 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str17, "ISO8859-4"},
+#line 22 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str18, "ISO8859-3"},
+#line 21 "./iconv_open-solaris.gperf"
+    {(int)(long)&((struct stringpool_t *)0)->stringpool_str19, "ISO8859-2"}
+  };
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+__inline
+#ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
+__attribute__ ((__gnu_inline__))
+#endif
+#endif
+const struct mapping *
+mapping_lookup (register const char *str, register unsigned int len)
+{
+  if (len <= MAX_WORD_LENGTH && len >= MIN_WORD_LENGTH)
+    {
+      register int key = mapping_hash (str, len);
+
+      if (key <= MAX_HASH_VALUE && key >= 0)
+        {
+          register int o = mappings[key].standard_name;
+          if (o >= 0)
+            {
+              register const char *s = o + stringpool;
+
+              if (*str == *s && !strcmp (str + 1, s + 1))
+                return &mappings[key];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/iconv_open.c b/gl/iconv_open.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76536176b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/iconv_open.c
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/* Character set conversion.
+   Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+   with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "c-ctype.h"
+#include "c-strcase.h"
+
+#define SIZEOF(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
+
+/* Namespace cleanliness.  */
+#define mapping_lookup rpl_iconv_open_mapping_lookup
+
+/* The macro ICONV_FLAVOR is defined to one of these or undefined.  */
+
+#define ICONV_FLAVOR_AIX "iconv_open-aix.h"
+#define ICONV_FLAVOR_HPUX "iconv_open-hpux.h"
+#define ICONV_FLAVOR_IRIX "iconv_open-irix.h"
+#define ICONV_FLAVOR_OSF "iconv_open-osf.h"
+#define ICONV_FLAVOR_SOLARIS "iconv_open-solaris.h"
+
+#ifdef ICONV_FLAVOR
+# include ICONV_FLAVOR
+#endif
+
+iconv_t
+rpl_iconv_open (const char *tocode, const char *fromcode)
+#undef iconv_open
+{
+  char fromcode_upper[32];
+  char tocode_upper[32];
+  char *fromcode_upper_end;
+  char *tocode_upper_end;
+
+#if REPLACE_ICONV_UTF
+  /* Special handling of conversion between UTF-8 and UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE}.
+     Do this here, before calling the real iconv_open(), because  OSF/1 5.1
+     iconv() to these encoding inserts a BOM, which is wrong.
+     We do not need to handle conversion between arbitrary encodings and
+     UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE}, because the 'striconveh' module implements two-step
+     conversion through UTF-8.
+     The _ICONV_* constants are chosen to be disjoint from any iconv_t
+     returned by the system's iconv_open() functions.  Recall that iconv_t
+     is a scalar type.  */
+  if (c_toupper (fromcode[0]) == 'U'
+      && c_toupper (fromcode[1]) == 'T'
+      && c_toupper (fromcode[2]) == 'F'
+      && fromcode[3] == '-')
+    {
+      if (c_toupper (tocode[0]) == 'U'
+          && c_toupper (tocode[1]) == 'T'
+          && c_toupper (tocode[2]) == 'F'
+          && tocode[3] == '-')
+        {
+          if (strcmp (fromcode + 4, "8") == 0)
+            {
+              if (c_strcasecmp (tocode + 4, "16BE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16BE;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (tocode + 4, "16LE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF8_UTF16LE;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (tocode + 4, "32BE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32BE;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (tocode + 4, "32LE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF8_UTF32LE;
+            }
+          else if (strcmp (tocode + 4, "8") == 0)
+            {
+              if (c_strcasecmp (fromcode + 4, "16BE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF16BE_UTF8;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (fromcode + 4, "16LE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF16LE_UTF8;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (fromcode + 4, "32BE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF32BE_UTF8;
+              if (c_strcasecmp (fromcode + 4, "32LE") == 0)
+                return _ICONV_UTF32LE_UTF8;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+  /* Do *not* add special support for 8-bit encodings like ASCII or ISO-8859-1
+     here.  This would lead to programs that work in some locales (such as the
+     "C" or "en_US" locales) but do not work in East Asian locales.  It is
+     better if programmers make their programs depend on GNU libiconv (except
+     on glibc systems), e.g. by using the AM_ICONV macro and documenting the
+     dependency in an INSTALL or DEPENDENCIES file.  */
+
+  /* Try with the original names first.
+     This covers the case when fromcode or tocode is a lowercase encoding name
+     that is understood by the system's iconv_open but not listed in our
+     mappings table.  */
+  {
+    iconv_t cd = iconv_open (tocode, fromcode);
+    if (cd != (iconv_t)(-1))
+      return cd;
+  }
+
+  /* Convert the encodings to upper case, because
+       1. in the arguments of iconv_open() on AIX, HP-UX, and OSF/1 the case
+          matters,
+       2. it makes searching in the table faster.  */
+  {
+    const char *p = fromcode;
+    char *q = fromcode_upper;
+    while ((*q = c_toupper (*p)) != '\0')
+      {
+        p++;
+        q++;
+        if (q == &fromcode_upper[SIZEOF (fromcode_upper)])
+          {
+            errno = EINVAL;
+            return (iconv_t)(-1);
+          }
+      }
+    fromcode_upper_end = q;
+  }
+
+  {
+    const char *p = tocode;
+    char *q = tocode_upper;
+    while ((*q = c_toupper (*p)) != '\0')
+      {
+        p++;
+        q++;
+        if (q == &tocode_upper[SIZEOF (tocode_upper)])
+          {
+            errno = EINVAL;
+            return (iconv_t)(-1);
+          }
+      }
+    tocode_upper_end = q;
+  }
+
+#ifdef ICONV_FLAVOR
+  /* Apply the mappings.  */
+  {
+    const struct mapping *m =
+      mapping_lookup (fromcode_upper, fromcode_upper_end - fromcode_upper);
+
+    fromcode = (m != NULL ? m->vendor_name : fromcode_upper);
+  }
+  {
+    const struct mapping *m =
+      mapping_lookup (tocode_upper, tocode_upper_end - tocode_upper);
+
+    tocode = (m != NULL ? m->vendor_name : tocode_upper);
+  }
+#else
+  fromcode = fromcode_upper;
+  tocode = tocode_upper;
+#endif
+
+  return iconv_open (tocode, fromcode);
+}
diff --git a/gl/m4/gnulib-cache.m4 b/gl/m4/gnulib-cache.m4
index 0a3d49ba9f..2bb7a9ac42 100644
--- a/gl/m4/gnulib-cache.m4
+++ b/gl/m4/gnulib-cache.m4
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 
 # Specification in the form of a command-line invocation:
-#   gnulib-tool --import --dir=. --local-dir=gl/override --lib=libgnu --source-base=gl --m4-base=gl/m4 --doc-base=doc --tests-base=gl/tests --aux-dir=build-aux --with-tests --avoid=alignof-tests --avoid=lock-tests --avoid=lseek-tests --no-conditional-dependencies --libtool --macro-prefix=gl --no-vc-files accept alloca alphasort argp base64 bind byteswap c-ctype close connect error extensions func gendocs getaddrinfo getpass getsubopt gettext gettime hash-pjw-bare havelib iconv inet_ntop inet_pton lib-msvc-compat lib-symbol-versions listen maintainer-makefile manywarnings memmem-simple minmax netdb netinet_in pmccabe2html progname read-file recv recvfrom scandir select send sendto servent setsockopt shutdown snprintf socket sockets socklen stdint strcase strndup strtok_r strverscmp sys_socket sys_stat time_r timer-time timespec u64 unistd valgrind-tests vasprintf version-etc version-etc-fsf vfprintf-posix vprintf-posix vsnprintf warnings
+#   gnulib-tool --import --dir=. --local-dir=gl/override --lib=libgnu --source-base=gl --m4-base=gl/m4 --doc-base=doc --tests-base=gl/tests --aux-dir=build-aux --with-tests --avoid=alignof-tests --avoid=lock-tests --avoid=lseek-tests --no-conditional-dependencies --libtool --macro-prefix=gl --no-vc-files accept alloca alphasort argp base64 bind byteswap c-ctype close connect error extensions func gendocs getaddrinfo getpass getsubopt gettext gettime hash-pjw-bare havelib iconv iconv_open-utf inet_ntop inet_pton lib-msvc-compat lib-symbol-versions listen maintainer-makefile manywarnings memmem-simple minmax netdb netinet_in pmccabe2html progname read-file recv recvfrom scandir select send sendto servent setsockopt shutdown snprintf socket sockets socklen stdint strcase strndup strtok_r strverscmp sys_socket sys_stat time_r timer-time timespec u64 unistd valgrind-tests vasprintf version-etc version-etc-fsf vfprintf-posix vprintf-posix vsnprintf warnings
 
 # Specification in the form of a few gnulib-tool.m4 macro invocations:
 gl_LOCAL_DIR([gl/override])
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ gl_MODULES([
   hash-pjw-bare
   havelib
   iconv
+  iconv_open-utf
   inet_ntop
   inet_pton
   lib-msvc-compat
diff --git a/gl/m4/gnulib-comp.m4 b/gl/m4/gnulib-comp.m4
index afef0fb8b7..d3703caa09 100644
--- a/gl/m4/gnulib-comp.m4
+++ b/gl/m4/gnulib-comp.m4
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module byteswap-tests:
   # Code from module c-ctype:
   # Code from module c-ctype-tests:
+  # Code from module c-strcase:
+  # Code from module c-strcase-tests:
   # Code from module clock-time:
   # Code from module close:
   # Code from module close-tests:
@@ -140,11 +142,17 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module gettimeofday:
   # Code from module gettimeofday-tests:
   # Code from module gnumakefile:
+  # Code from module gperf:
   # Code from module hash-pjw-bare:
   # Code from module havelib:
   # Code from module hostent:
   # Code from module iconv:
+  # Code from module iconv-h:
+  # Code from module iconv-h-tests:
   # Code from module iconv-tests:
+  # Code from module iconv_open:
+  # Code from module iconv_open-utf:
+  # Code from module iconv_open-utf-tests:
   # Code from module ignore-value:
   # Code from module ignore-value-tests:
   # Code from module include_next:
@@ -152,6 +160,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module inet_ntop-tests:
   # Code from module inet_pton:
   # Code from module inet_pton-tests:
+  # Code from module inline:
   # Code from module intprops:
   # Code from module intprops-tests:
   # Code from module inttypes:
@@ -171,6 +180,10 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module lib-symbol-versions:
   # Code from module listen:
   # Code from module listen-tests:
+  # Code from module locale:
+  # Code from module locale-tests:
+  # Code from module localename:
+  # Code from module localename-tests:
   # Code from module lock:
   # Code from module lseek:
   # Code from module lstat:
@@ -235,6 +248,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module servent:
   # Code from module setenv:
   # Code from module setenv-tests:
+  # Code from module setlocale:
+  # Code from module setlocale-tests:
   # Code from module setsockopt:
   # Code from module setsockopt-tests:
   # Code from module shutdown:
@@ -249,6 +264,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module snippet/_Noreturn:
   # Code from module snippet/arg-nonnull:
   # Code from module snippet/c++defs:
+  # Code from module snippet/unused-parameter:
   # Code from module snippet/warn-on-use:
   # Code from module snprintf:
   # Code from module snprintf-tests:
@@ -328,6 +344,12 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_EARLY],
   # Code from module u64-tests:
   # Code from module unistd:
   # Code from module unistd-tests:
+  # Code from module unistr/base:
+  # Code from module unistr/u8-mbtoucr:
+  # Code from module unistr/u8-mbtoucr-tests:
+  # Code from module unistr/u8-uctomb:
+  # Code from module unistr/u8-uctomb-tests:
+  # Code from module unitypes:
   # Code from module unsetenv:
   # Code from module unsetenv-tests:
   # Code from module useless-if-before-free:
@@ -563,6 +585,16 @@ AC_SUBST([LTALLOCA])
   AM_ICONV
   m4_ifdef([gl_ICONV_MODULE_INDICATOR],
     [gl_ICONV_MODULE_INDICATOR([iconv])])
+  gl_ICONV_H
+  gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN
+  if test $REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN = 1; then
+    AC_LIBOBJ([iconv_open])
+  fi
+  if test $REPLACE_ICONV = 1; then
+    AC_LIBOBJ([iconv])
+    AC_LIBOBJ([iconv_close])
+  fi
+  gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN_UTF
   gl_FUNC_INET_NTOP
   if test $HAVE_INET_NTOP = 0 || test $REPLACE_INET_NTOP = 1; then
     AC_LIBOBJ([inet_ntop])
@@ -575,6 +607,7 @@ AC_SUBST([LTALLOCA])
     gl_PREREQ_INET_PTON
   fi
   gl_ARPA_INET_MODULE_INDICATOR([inet_pton])
+  gl_INLINE
   gl_FUNC_ISNAND_NO_LIBM
   if test $gl_func_isnand_no_libm != yes; then
     AC_LIBOBJ([isnand])
@@ -840,6 +873,12 @@ AC_SUBST([LTALLOCA])
   gl_TIMER_TIME
   gl_TIMESPEC
   gl_UNISTD_H
+  gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIBHEADER([0.9.2], [unistr.h])
+  gl_MODULE_INDICATOR([unistr/u8-mbtoucr])
+  gl_LIBUNISTRING_MODULE([0.9], [unistr/u8-mbtoucr])
+  gl_MODULE_INDICATOR([unistr/u8-uctomb])
+  gl_LIBUNISTRING_MODULE([0.9], [unistr/u8-uctomb])
+  gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIBHEADER([0.9], [unitypes.h])
   gl_VALGRIND_TESTS
   gl_FUNC_VASNPRINTF
   gl_FUNC_VASPRINTF
@@ -902,6 +941,8 @@ changequote([, ])dnl
   AC_SUBST([gltests_WITNESS])
   gl_module_indicator_condition=$gltests_WITNESS
   m4_pushdef([gl_MODULE_INDICATOR_CONDITION], [$gl_module_indicator_condition])
+  gt_LOCALE_FR
+  gt_LOCALE_TR_UTF8
   gl_ENVIRON
   gl_UNISTD_MODULE_INDICATOR([environ])
   gl_FCNTL_H
@@ -944,6 +985,10 @@ changequote([, ])dnl
   gl_FLOAT_EXPONENT_LOCATION
   gl_LONG_DOUBLE_EXPONENT_LOCATION
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_LONG_DOUBLE_VS_DOUBLE])
+  gl_LOCALE_H
+  AC_CHECK_FUNCS_ONCE([newlocale])
+  gl_LOCALENAME
+  AC_CHECK_FUNCS_ONCE([newlocale])
   gl_LOCK
   gl_FUNC_LSTAT
   if test $REPLACE_LSTAT = 1; then
@@ -988,6 +1033,16 @@ changequote([, ])dnl
     AC_LIBOBJ([setenv])
   fi
   gl_STDLIB_MODULE_INDICATOR([setenv])
+  gl_FUNC_SETLOCALE
+  if test $REPLACE_SETLOCALE = 1; then
+    AC_LIBOBJ([setlocale])
+    gl_PREREQ_SETLOCALE
+  fi
+  gl_LOCALE_MODULE_INDICATOR([setlocale])
+  gt_LOCALE_FR
+  gt_LOCALE_FR_UTF8
+  gt_LOCALE_JA
+  gt_LOCALE_ZH_CN
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_FLOAT_EXPONENT_LOCATION])
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_DOUBLE_EXPONENT_LOCATION])
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_LONG_DOUBLE_EXPONENT_LOCATION])
@@ -1126,6 +1181,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   build-aux/snippet/_Noreturn.h
   build-aux/snippet/arg-nonnull.h
   build-aux/snippet/c++defs.h
+  build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h
   build-aux/snippet/warn-on-use.h
   build-aux/useless-if-before-free
   build-aux/vc-list-files
@@ -1157,6 +1213,9 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   lib/byteswap.in.h
   lib/c-ctype.c
   lib/c-ctype.h
+  lib/c-strcase.h
+  lib/c-strcasecmp.c
+  lib/c-strncasecmp.c
   lib/close.c
   lib/closedir.c
   lib/connect.c
@@ -1203,6 +1262,15 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   lib/glthread/threadlib.c
   lib/hash-pjw-bare.c
   lib/hash-pjw-bare.h
+  lib/iconv.c
+  lib/iconv.in.h
+  lib/iconv_close.c
+  lib/iconv_open-aix.gperf
+  lib/iconv_open-hpux.gperf
+  lib/iconv_open-irix.gperf
+  lib/iconv_open-osf.gperf
+  lib/iconv_open-solaris.gperf
+  lib/iconv_open.c
   lib/inet_ntop.c
   lib/inet_pton.c
   lib/intprops.h
@@ -1302,6 +1370,11 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   lib/u64.c
   lib/u64.h
   lib/unistd.in.h
+  lib/unistr.in.h
+  lib/unistr/u8-mbtoucr.c
+  lib/unistr/u8-uctomb-aux.c
+  lib/unistr/u8-uctomb.c
+  lib/unitypes.in.h
   lib/vasnprintf.c
   lib/vasnprintf.h
   lib/vasprintf.c
@@ -1371,9 +1444,13 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   m4/gnulib-common.m4
   m4/hostent.m4
   m4/iconv.m4
+  m4/iconv_h.m4
+  m4/iconv_open-utf.m4
+  m4/iconv_open.m4
   m4/include_next.m4
   m4/inet_ntop.m4
   m4/inet_pton.m4
+  m4/inline.m4
   m4/intdiv0.m4
   m4/intl.m4
   m4/intldir.m4
@@ -1395,6 +1472,13 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   m4/lib-ld.m4
   m4/lib-link.m4
   m4/lib-prefix.m4
+  m4/libunistring-base.m4
+  m4/locale-fr.m4
+  m4/locale-ja.m4
+  m4/locale-tr.m4
+  m4/locale-zh.m4
+  m4/locale_h.m4
+  m4/localename.m4
   m4/lock.m4
   m4/longlong.m4
   m4/lseek.m4
@@ -1437,6 +1521,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   m4/select.m4
   m4/servent.m4
   m4/setenv.m4
+  m4/setlocale.m4
   m4/signal_h.m4
   m4/signbit.m4
   m4/size_max.m4
@@ -1517,6 +1602,9 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests/test-bind.c
   tests/test-byteswap.c
   tests/test-c-ctype.c
+  tests/test-c-strcase.sh
+  tests/test-c-strcasecmp.c
+  tests/test-c-strncasecmp.c
   tests/test-close.c
   tests/test-connect.c
   tests/test-dirent.c
@@ -1568,6 +1656,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests/test-getopt_long.h
   tests/test-getpeername.c
   tests/test-gettimeofday.c
+  tests/test-iconv-h.c
+  tests/test-iconv-utf.c
   tests/test-iconv.c
   tests/test-ignore-value.c
   tests/test-inet_ntop.c
@@ -1583,6 +1673,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests/test-isnanl-nolibm.c
   tests/test-isnanl.h
   tests/test-listen.c
+  tests/test-locale.c
+  tests/test-localename.c
   tests/test-lstat.c
   tests/test-lstat.h
   tests/test-malloc-gnu.c
@@ -1615,6 +1707,10 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests/test-send.c
   tests/test-sendto.c
   tests/test-setenv.c
+  tests/test-setlocale1.c
+  tests/test-setlocale1.sh
+  tests/test-setlocale2.c
+  tests/test-setlocale2.sh
   tests/test-setsockopt.c
   tests/test-shutdown.c
   tests/test-signal-h.c
@@ -1666,6 +1762,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests/test-vprintf-posix.sh
   tests/test-vsnprintf.c
   tests/test-wchar.c
+  tests/unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c
+  tests/unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c
   tests/zerosize-ptr.h
   tests=lib/binary-io.c
   tests=lib/binary-io.h
@@ -1679,6 +1777,9 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests=lib/ignore-value.h
   tests=lib/inttypes.in.h
   tests=lib/ioctl.c
+  tests=lib/locale.in.h
+  tests=lib/localename.c
+  tests=lib/localename.h
   tests=lib/lstat.c
   tests=lib/malloca.c
   tests=lib/malloca.h
@@ -1690,6 +1791,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_FILE_LIST], [
   tests=lib/putenv.c
   tests=lib/same-inode.h
   tests=lib/setenv.c
+  tests=lib/setlocale.c
   tests=lib/stat.c
   tests=lib/strerror_r.c
   tests=lib/symlink.c
diff --git a/gl/m4/iconv_h.m4 b/gl/m4/iconv_h.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa86cf8fee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/iconv_h.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# iconv_h.m4 serial 8
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_ICONV_H],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS])
+
+  dnl Execute this unconditionally, because ICONV_H may be set by other
+  dnl modules, after this code is executed.
+  gl_CHECK_NEXT_HEADERS([iconv.h])
+])
+
+dnl Unconditionally enables the replacement of <iconv.h>.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_REPLACE_ICONV_H],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS])
+  ICONV_H='iconv.h'
+  AM_CONDITIONAL([GL_GENERATE_ICONV_H], [test -n "$ICONV_H"])
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_ICONV_MODULE_INDICATOR],
+[
+  dnl Use AC_REQUIRE here, so that the default settings are expanded once only.
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS])
+  gl_MODULE_INDICATOR_SET_VARIABLE([$1])
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS],
+[
+  GNULIB_ICONV=0;       AC_SUBST([GNULIB_ICONV])
+  dnl Assume proper GNU behavior unless another module says otherwise.
+  ICONV_CONST=;         AC_SUBST([ICONV_CONST])
+  REPLACE_ICONV=0;      AC_SUBST([REPLACE_ICONV])
+  REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN=0; AC_SUBST([REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN])
+  REPLACE_ICONV_UTF=0;  AC_SUBST([REPLACE_ICONV_UTF])
+  ICONV_H='';           AC_SUBST([ICONV_H])
+  AM_CONDITIONAL([GL_GENERATE_ICONV_H], [test -n "$ICONV_H"])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/iconv_open-utf.m4 b/gl/m4/iconv_open-utf.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f450f55436
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/iconv_open-utf.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+# iconv_open-utf.m4 serial 1
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+# A placeholder to ensure that this m4 file gets included by aclocal.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN_UTF], [])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN_UTF_SUPPORT],
+[
+  dnl This macro relies on am_cv_func_iconv and gl_func_iconv_gnu from
+  dnl gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN, but is called from within gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN.
+  dnl *Not* AC_REQUIRE([gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN]).
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST]) dnl for cross-compiles
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS])
+  if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then
+    AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether iconv supports conversion between UTF-8 and UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE}],
+      [gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf],
+      [
+        save_LIBS="$LIBS"
+        LIBS="$LIBS $LIBICONV"
+        AC_RUN_IFELSE(
+          [AC_LANG_SOURCE([[
+#include <iconv.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+int main ()
+{
+  int result = 0;
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16BE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "\000J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\145\345\147\054\212\236\000)\000 \000[\330\065\335\015\330\065\335\036\330\065\335\055\000]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-16BE", "UTF-8");
+    if (cd == (iconv_t)(-1))
+      result |= 1;
+    else
+      {
+        char buf[100];
+        const char *inptr;
+        size_t inbytesleft;
+        char *outptr;
+        size_t outbytesleft;
+        size_t res;
+        inptr = input;
+        inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+        outptr = buf;
+        outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+        res = iconv (cd,
+                     (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                     &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+        if (!(res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0))
+          result |= 1;
+        else if (!(outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1)))
+          result |= 1;
+        else if (!(memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0))
+          result |= 1;
+        else if (!(iconv_close (cd) == 0))
+          result |= 1;
+      }
+  }
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16LE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\000\345\145\054\147\236\212)\000 \000[\000\065\330\015\335\065\330\036\335\065\330\055\335]\000";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8");
+    if (cd == (iconv_t)(-1))
+      result |= 2;
+    else
+      {
+        char buf[100];
+        const char *inptr;
+        size_t inbytesleft;
+        char *outptr;
+        size_t outbytesleft;
+        size_t res;
+        inptr = input;
+        inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+        outptr = buf;
+        outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+        res = iconv (cd,
+                     (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                     &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+        if (!(res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0))
+          result |= 2;
+        else if (!(outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1)))
+          result |= 2;
+        else if (!(memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0))
+          result |= 2;
+        else if (!(iconv_close (cd) == 0))
+          result |= 2;
+      }
+  }
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-32BE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "\000\000\000J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\145\345\000\000\147\054\000\000\212\236\000\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\001\325\015\000\001\325\036\000\001\325\055\000\000\000]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-32BE", "UTF-8");
+    if (cd == (iconv_t)(-1))
+      result |= 4;
+    else
+      {
+        char buf[100];
+        const char *inptr;
+        size_t inbytesleft;
+        char *outptr;
+        size_t outbytesleft;
+        size_t res;
+        inptr = input;
+        inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+        outptr = buf;
+        outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+        res = iconv (cd,
+                     (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                     &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+        if (!(res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0))
+          result |= 4;
+        else if (!(outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1)))
+          result |= 4;
+        else if (!(memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0))
+          result |= 4;
+        else if (!(iconv_close (cd) == 0))
+          result |= 4;
+      }
+  }
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-32LE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\000\345\145\000\000\054\147\000\000\236\212\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\000\000\015\325\001\000\036\325\001\000\055\325\001\000]\000\000\000";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-32LE", "UTF-8");
+    if (cd == (iconv_t)(-1))
+      result |= 8;
+    else
+      {
+        char buf[100];
+        const char *inptr;
+        size_t inbytesleft;
+        char *outptr;
+        size_t outbytesleft;
+        size_t res;
+        inptr = input;
+        inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+        outptr = buf;
+        outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+        res = iconv (cd,
+                     (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                     &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+        if (!(res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0))
+          result |= 8;
+        else if (!(outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1)))
+          result |= 8;
+        else if (!(memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0))
+          result |= 8;
+        else if (!(iconv_close (cd) == 0))
+          result |= 8;
+      }
+  }
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-16BE to UTF-8 with no errors.
+     This test fails on NetBSD 3.0.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "\000J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\145\345\147\054\212\236\000)\000 \000[\330\065\335\015\330\065\335\036\330\065\335\055\000]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-8", "UTF-16BE");
+    if (cd == (iconv_t)(-1))
+      result |= 16;
+    else
+      {
+        char buf[100];
+        const char *inptr;
+        size_t inbytesleft;
+        char *outptr;
+        size_t outbytesleft;
+        size_t res;
+        inptr = input;
+        inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+        outptr = buf;
+        outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+        res = iconv (cd,
+                     (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                     &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+        if (!(res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0))
+          result |= 16;
+        else if (!(outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1)))
+          result |= 16;
+        else if (!(memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0))
+          result |= 16;
+        else if (!(iconv_close (cd) == 0))
+          result |= 16;
+      }
+  }
+  return result;
+}]])],
+          [gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf=yes],
+          [gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf=no],
+          [
+           dnl We know that GNU libiconv, GNU libc, and Solaris >= 9 do.
+           dnl OSF/1 5.1 has these encodings, but inserts a BOM in the "to"
+           dnl direction.
+           gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf=no
+           if test $gl_func_iconv_gnu = yes; then
+             gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf=yes
+           else
+changequote(,)dnl
+             case "$host_os" in
+               solaris2.9 | solaris2.1[0-9]) gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf=yes ;;
+             esac
+changequote([,])dnl
+           fi
+          ])
+        LIBS="$save_LIBS"
+      ])
+  fi
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/iconv_open.m4 b/gl/m4/iconv_open.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07f4849189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/iconv_open.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# iconv_open.m4 serial 14
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_ICONV])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_ICONV_H_DEFAULTS])
+  if test "$am_cv_func_iconv" = yes; then
+    dnl Provide the <iconv.h> override, for the sake of the C++ aliases.
+    gl_REPLACE_ICONV_H
+    dnl Test whether iconv_open accepts standardized encoding names.
+    dnl We know that GNU libiconv and GNU libc do.
+    AC_EGREP_CPP([gnu_iconv], [
+      #include <iconv.h>
+      #if defined _LIBICONV_VERSION || (defined __GLIBC__ && !defined __UCLIBC__)
+       gnu_iconv
+      #endif
+      ], [gl_func_iconv_gnu=yes], [gl_func_iconv_gnu=no])
+    if test $gl_func_iconv_gnu = no; then
+      iconv_flavor=
+      case "$host_os" in
+        aix*)     iconv_flavor=ICONV_FLAVOR_AIX ;;
+        irix*)    iconv_flavor=ICONV_FLAVOR_IRIX ;;
+        hpux*)    iconv_flavor=ICONV_FLAVOR_HPUX ;;
+        osf*)     iconv_flavor=ICONV_FLAVOR_OSF ;;
+        solaris*) iconv_flavor=ICONV_FLAVOR_SOLARIS ;;
+      esac
+      if test -n "$iconv_flavor"; then
+        AC_DEFINE_UNQUOTED([ICONV_FLAVOR], [$iconv_flavor],
+          [Define to a symbolic name denoting the flavor of iconv_open()
+           implementation.])
+        gl_REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN
+      fi
+    fi
+    m4_ifdef([gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN_UTF_SUPPORT], [
+      gl_FUNC_ICONV_OPEN_UTF_SUPPORT
+      if test $gl_cv_func_iconv_supports_utf = no; then
+        REPLACE_ICONV_UTF=1
+        AC_DEFINE([REPLACE_ICONV_UTF], [1],
+          [Define if the iconv() functions are enhanced to handle the UTF-{16,32}{BE,LE} encodings.])
+        REPLACE_ICONV=1
+        gl_REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN
+      fi
+    ])
+  fi
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN],
+[
+  gl_REPLACE_ICONV_H
+  REPLACE_ICONV_OPEN=1
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/inline.m4 b/gl/m4/inline.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6fa997246c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/inline.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# inline.m4 serial 4
+dnl Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl Test for the 'inline' keyword or equivalent.
+dnl Define 'inline' to a supported equivalent, or to nothing if not supported,
+dnl like AC_C_INLINE does.  Also, define HAVE_INLINE if 'inline' or an
+dnl equivalent is effectively supported, i.e. if the compiler is likely to
+dnl drop unused 'static inline' functions.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_INLINE],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_C_INLINE])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the compiler generally respects inline],
+    [gl_cv_c_inline_effective],
+    [if test $ac_cv_c_inline = no; then
+       gl_cv_c_inline_effective=no
+     else
+       dnl GCC defines __NO_INLINE__ if not optimizing or if -fno-inline is
+       dnl specified.
+       dnl Use AC_COMPILE_IFELSE here, not AC_EGREP_CPP, because the result
+       dnl depends on optimization flags, which can be in CFLAGS.
+       dnl (AC_EGREP_CPP looks only at the CPPFLAGS.)
+       AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
+         [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]],
+           [[#ifdef __NO_INLINE__
+               #error "inline is not effective"
+             #endif]])],
+         [gl_cv_c_inline_effective=yes],
+         [gl_cv_c_inline_effective=no])
+     fi
+    ])
+  if test $gl_cv_c_inline_effective = yes; then
+    AC_DEFINE([HAVE_INLINE], [1],
+      [Define to 1 if the compiler supports one of the keywords
+       'inline', '__inline__', '__inline' and effectively inlines
+       functions marked as such.])
+  fi
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/libunistring-base.m4 b/gl/m4/libunistring-base.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d91c42b9f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/libunistring-base.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+# libunistring-base.m4 serial 5
+dnl Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl From Paolo Bonzini and Bruno Haible.
+
+dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_MODULE([VERSION], [Module])
+dnl Declares that the source files of Module should be compiled, unless we
+dnl are linking with libunistring and its version is >= the given VERSION.
+dnl Defines an automake conditional LIBUNISTRING_COMPILE_$MODULE that is
+dnl true if the source files of Module should be compiled.
+dnl This macro is to be used for public libunistring API, not for
+dnl undocumented API.
+dnl
+dnl You have to bump the VERSION argument to the next projected version
+dnl number each time you make a change that affects the behaviour of the
+dnl functions defined in Module (even if the sources of Module itself do not
+dnl change).
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LIBUNISTRING_MODULE],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIB_PREPARE])
+  dnl Use the variables HAVE_LIBUNISTRING, LIBUNISTRING_VERSION from
+  dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_CORE if that macro has been run.
+  AM_CONDITIONAL(AS_TR_CPP([LIBUNISTRING_COMPILE_$2]),
+    [gl_LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_CMP([$1])])
+])
+
+dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIBHEADER([VERSION], [HeaderFile])
+dnl Declares that HeaderFile should be created, unless we are linking
+dnl with libunistring and its version is >= the given VERSION.
+dnl HeaderFile should be relative to the lib directory and end in '.h'.
+dnl Prepares for substituting LIBUNISTRING_HEADERFILE (to HeaderFile or empty).
+dnl
+dnl When we are linking with the already installed libunistring and its version
+dnl is < VERSION, we create HeaderFile here, because we may compile functions
+dnl (via gl_LIBUNISTRING_MODULE above) that are not contained in the installed
+dnl version.
+dnl When we are linking with the already installed libunistring and its version
+dnl is > VERSION, we don't create HeaderFile here: it could cause compilation
+dnl errors in other libunistring header files if some types are missing.
+dnl
+dnl You have to bump the VERSION argument to the next projected version
+dnl number each time you make a non-comment change to the HeaderFile.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIBHEADER],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIB_PREPARE])
+  dnl Use the variables HAVE_LIBUNISTRING, LIBUNISTRING_VERSION from
+  dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_CORE if that macro has been run.
+  if gl_LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_CMP([$1]); then
+    LIBUNISTRING_[]AS_TR_CPP([$2])='$2'
+  else
+    LIBUNISTRING_[]AS_TR_CPP([$2])=
+  fi
+  AC_SUBST([LIBUNISTRING_]AS_TR_CPP([$2]))
+])
+
+dnl Miscellaneous preparations/initializations.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LIBUNISTRING_LIB_PREPARE],
+[
+  dnl Ensure that HAVE_LIBUNISTRING is fully determined at this point.
+  m4_ifdef([gl_LIBUNISTRING], [AC_REQUIRE([gl_LIBUNISTRING])])
+
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_AWK])
+
+dnl Sed expressions to extract the parts of a version number.
+changequote(,)
+gl_libunistring_sed_extract_major='/^[0-9]/{s/^\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p;q;}
+i\
+0
+q
+'
+gl_libunistring_sed_extract_minor='/^[0-9][0-9]*[.][0-9]/{s/^[0-9]*[.]\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p;q;}
+i\
+0
+q
+'
+gl_libunistring_sed_extract_subminor='/^[0-9][0-9]*[.][0-9][0-9]*[.][0-9]/{s/^[0-9]*[.][0-9]*[.]\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p;q;}
+i\
+0
+q
+'
+changequote([,])
+
+  if test "$HAVE_LIBUNISTRING" = yes; then
+    LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MAJOR=`echo "$LIBUNISTRING_VERSION" | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_major"`
+    LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MINOR=`echo "$LIBUNISTRING_VERSION" | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_minor"`
+    LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_SUBMINOR=`echo "$LIBUNISTRING_VERSION" | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_subminor"`
+  fi
+])
+
+dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_CMP([VERSION])
+dnl Expands to a shell statement that evaluates to true if LIBUNISTRING_VERSION
+dnl is less than the VERSION argument.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_CMP],
+[ { test "$HAVE_LIBUNISTRING" != yes \
+    || {
+         dnl AS_LITERAL_IF exists and works fine since autoconf-2.59 at least.
+         AS_LITERAL_IF([$1],
+           [dnl This is the optimized variant, that assumes the argument is a literal:
+            m4_pushdef([requested_version_major],
+              [gl_LIBUNISTRING_ARG_OR_ZERO(m4_bpatsubst([$1], [^\([0-9]*\).*], [\1]), [])])
+            m4_pushdef([requested_version_minor],
+              [gl_LIBUNISTRING_ARG_OR_ZERO(m4_bpatsubst([$1], [^[0-9]*[.]\([0-9]*\).*], [\1]), [$1])])
+            m4_pushdef([requested_version_subminor],
+              [gl_LIBUNISTRING_ARG_OR_ZERO(m4_bpatsubst([$1], [^[0-9]*[.][0-9]*[.]\([0-9]*\).*], [\1]), [$1])])
+            test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MAJOR -lt requested_version_major \
+            || { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MAJOR -eq requested_version_major \
+                 && { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MINOR -lt requested_version_minor \
+                      || { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MINOR -eq requested_version_minor \
+                           && test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_SUBMINOR -lt requested_version_subminor
+                         }
+                    }
+               }
+            m4_popdef([requested_version_subminor])
+            m4_popdef([requested_version_minor])
+            m4_popdef([requested_version_major])
+           ],
+           [dnl This is the unoptimized variant:
+            requested_version_major=`echo '$1' | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_major"`
+            requested_version_minor=`echo '$1' | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_minor"`
+            requested_version_subminor=`echo '$1' | sed -n -e "$gl_libunistring_sed_extract_subminor"`
+            test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MAJOR -lt $requested_version_major \
+            || { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MAJOR -eq $requested_version_major \
+                 && { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MINOR -lt $requested_version_minor \
+                      || { test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_MINOR -eq $requested_version_minor \
+                           && test $LIBUNISTRING_VERSION_SUBMINOR -lt $requested_version_subminor
+                         }
+                    }
+               }
+           ])
+       }
+  }])
+
+dnl gl_LIBUNISTRING_ARG_OR_ZERO([ARG], [ORIG]) expands to ARG if it is not the
+dnl same as ORIG, otherwise to 0.
+m4_define([gl_LIBUNISTRING_ARG_OR_ZERO], [m4_if([$1], [$2], [0], [$1])])
diff --git a/gl/m4/locale-fr.m4 b/gl/m4/locale-fr.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71b68476c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/locale-fr.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+# locale-fr.m4 serial 17
+dnl Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl From Bruno Haible.
+
+dnl Determine the name of a french locale with traditional encoding.
+AC_DEFUN([gt_LOCALE_FR],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_LANGINFO_CODESET])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for a traditional french locale], [gt_cv_locale_fr], [
+    AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_SOURCE([
+changequote(,)dnl
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+struct tm t;
+char buf[16];
+int main () {
+  /* Check whether the given locale name is recognized by the system.  */
+#if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && !defined __CYGWIN__
+  /* On native Windows, setlocale(category, "") looks at the system settings,
+     not at the environment variables.  Also, when an encoding suffix such
+     as ".65001" or ".54936" is specified, it succeeds but sets the LC_CTYPE
+     category of the locale to "C".  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL
+      || strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+    return 1;
+#else
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether nl_langinfo(CODESET) is nonempty and not "ASCII" or "646".
+     On Mac OS X 10.3.5 (Darwin 7.5) in the fr_FR locale, nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+     is empty, and the behaviour of Tcl 8.4 in this locale is not useful.
+     On OpenBSD 4.0, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "646". In this situation,
+     some unit tests fail.
+     On MirBSD 10, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "UTF-8".  */
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+  {
+    const char *cs = nl_langinfo (CODESET);
+    if (cs[0] == '\0' || strcmp (cs, "ASCII") == 0 || strcmp (cs, "646") == 0
+        || strcmp (cs, "UTF-8") == 0)
+      return 1;
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+  /* On Cygwin, avoid locale names without encoding suffix, because the
+     locale_charset() function relies on the encoding suffix.  Note that
+     LC_ALL is set on the command line.  */
+  if (strchr (getenv ("LC_ALL"), '.') == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether in the abbreviation of the second month, the second
+     character (should be U+00E9: LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE) is only
+     one byte long. This excludes the UTF-8 encoding.  */
+  t.tm_year = 1975 - 1900; t.tm_mon = 2 - 1; t.tm_mday = 4;
+  if (strftime (buf, sizeof (buf), "%b", &t) < 3 || buf[2] != 'v') return 1;
+#if !defined __BIONIC__ /* Bionic libc's 'struct lconv' is just a dummy.  */
+  /* Check whether the decimal separator is a comma.
+     On NetBSD 3.0 in the fr_FR.ISO8859-1 locale, localeconv()->decimal_point
+     are nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) are both ".".  */
+  if (localeconv () ->decimal_point[0] != ',') return 1;
+#endif
+  return 0;
+}
+changequote([,])dnl
+      ])])
+    if AC_TRY_EVAL([ac_link]) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+      case "$host_os" in
+        # Handle native Windows specially, because there setlocale() interprets
+        # "ar" as "Arabic" or "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256",
+        # "fr" or "fra" as "French" or "French_France.1252",
+        # "ge"(!) or "deu"(!) as "German" or "German_Germany.1252",
+        # "ja" as "Japanese" or "Japanese_Japan.932",
+        # and similar.
+        mingw*)
+          # Test for the native Windows locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=French_France.1252 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_fr=French_France.1252
+          else
+            # None found.
+            gt_cv_locale_fr=none
+          fi
+          ;;
+        *)
+          # Setting LC_ALL is not enough. Need to set LC_TIME to empty, because
+          # otherwise on Mac OS X 10.3.5 the LC_TIME=C from the beginning of the
+          # configure script would override the LC_ALL setting. Likewise for
+          # LC_CTYPE, which is also set at the beginning of the configure script.
+          # Test for the usual locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=fr_FR LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_fr=fr_FR
+          else
+            # Test for the locale name with explicit encoding suffix.
+            if (LC_ALL=fr_FR.ISO-8859-1 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+              gt_cv_locale_fr=fr_FR.ISO-8859-1
+            else
+              # Test for the AIX, OSF/1, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD locale name.
+              if (LC_ALL=fr_FR.ISO8859-1 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                gt_cv_locale_fr=fr_FR.ISO8859-1
+              else
+                # Test for the HP-UX locale name.
+                if (LC_ALL=fr_FR.iso88591 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                  gt_cv_locale_fr=fr_FR.iso88591
+                else
+                  # Test for the Solaris 7 locale name.
+                  if (LC_ALL=fr LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                    gt_cv_locale_fr=fr
+                  else
+                    # None found.
+                    gt_cv_locale_fr=none
+                  fi
+                fi
+              fi
+            fi
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+    rm -fr conftest*
+  ])
+  LOCALE_FR=$gt_cv_locale_fr
+  AC_SUBST([LOCALE_FR])
+])
+
+dnl Determine the name of a french locale with UTF-8 encoding.
+AC_DEFUN([gt_LOCALE_FR_UTF8],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_LANGINFO_CODESET])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for a french Unicode locale], [gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8], [
+    AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_SOURCE([
+changequote(,)dnl
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+struct tm t;
+char buf[16];
+int main () {
+  /* On BeOS and Haiku, locales are not implemented in libc.  Rather, libintl
+     imitates locale dependent behaviour by looking at the environment
+     variables, and all locales use the UTF-8 encoding.  */
+#if !(defined __BEOS__ || defined __HAIKU__)
+  /* Check whether the given locale name is recognized by the system.  */
+# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && !defined __CYGWIN__
+  /* On native Windows, setlocale(category, "") looks at the system settings,
+     not at the environment variables.  Also, when an encoding suffix such
+     as ".65001" or ".54936" is specified, it succeeds but sets the LC_CTYPE
+     category of the locale to "C".  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL
+      || strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+    return 1;
+# else
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL) return 1;
+# endif
+  /* Check whether nl_langinfo(CODESET) is nonempty and not "ASCII" or "646".
+     On Mac OS X 10.3.5 (Darwin 7.5) in the fr_FR locale, nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+     is empty, and the behaviour of Tcl 8.4 in this locale is not useful.
+     On OpenBSD 4.0, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "646". In this situation,
+     some unit tests fail.  */
+# if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+  {
+    const char *cs = nl_langinfo (CODESET);
+    if (cs[0] == '\0' || strcmp (cs, "ASCII") == 0 || strcmp (cs, "646") == 0)
+      return 1;
+  }
+# endif
+# ifdef __CYGWIN__
+  /* On Cygwin, avoid locale names without encoding suffix, because the
+     locale_charset() function relies on the encoding suffix.  Note that
+     LC_ALL is set on the command line.  */
+  if (strchr (getenv ("LC_ALL"), '.') == NULL) return 1;
+# endif
+  /* Check whether in the abbreviation of the second month, the second
+     character (should be U+00E9: LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE) is
+     two bytes long, with UTF-8 encoding.  */
+  t.tm_year = 1975 - 1900; t.tm_mon = 2 - 1; t.tm_mday = 4;
+  if (strftime (buf, sizeof (buf), "%b", &t) < 4
+      || buf[1] != (char) 0xc3 || buf[2] != (char) 0xa9 || buf[3] != 'v')
+    return 1;
+#endif
+#if !defined __BIONIC__ /* Bionic libc's 'struct lconv' is just a dummy.  */
+  /* Check whether the decimal separator is a comma.
+     On NetBSD 3.0 in the fr_FR.ISO8859-1 locale, localeconv()->decimal_point
+     are nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) are both ".".  */
+  if (localeconv () ->decimal_point[0] != ',') return 1;
+#endif
+  return 0;
+}
+changequote([,])dnl
+      ])])
+    if AC_TRY_EVAL([ac_link]) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+      case "$host_os" in
+        # Handle native Windows specially, because there setlocale() interprets
+        # "ar" as "Arabic" or "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256",
+        # "fr" or "fra" as "French" or "French_France.1252",
+        # "ge"(!) or "deu"(!) as "German" or "German_Germany.1252",
+        # "ja" as "Japanese" or "Japanese_Japan.932",
+        # and similar.
+        mingw*)
+          # Test for the hypothetical native Windows locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=French_France.65001 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=French_France.65001
+          else
+            # None found.
+            gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=none
+          fi
+          ;;
+        *)
+          # Setting LC_ALL is not enough. Need to set LC_TIME to empty, because
+          # otherwise on Mac OS X 10.3.5 the LC_TIME=C from the beginning of the
+          # configure script would override the LC_ALL setting. Likewise for
+          # LC_CTYPE, which is also set at the beginning of the configure script.
+          # Test for the usual locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=fr_FR LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=fr_FR
+          else
+            # Test for the locale name with explicit encoding suffix.
+            if (LC_ALL=fr_FR.UTF-8 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+              gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=fr_FR.UTF-8
+            else
+              # Test for the Solaris 7 locale name.
+              if (LC_ALL=fr.UTF-8 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=fr.UTF-8
+              else
+                # None found.
+                gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8=none
+              fi
+            fi
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+    rm -fr conftest*
+  ])
+  LOCALE_FR_UTF8=$gt_cv_locale_fr_utf8
+  AC_SUBST([LOCALE_FR_UTF8])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/locale-ja.m4 b/gl/m4/locale-ja.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ba0e4381a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/locale-ja.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# locale-ja.m4 serial 12
+dnl Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl From Bruno Haible.
+
+dnl Determine the name of a japanese locale with EUC-JP encoding.
+AC_DEFUN([gt_LOCALE_JA],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_LANGINFO_CODESET])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for a traditional japanese locale], [gt_cv_locale_ja], [
+    AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_SOURCE([
+changequote(,)dnl
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+struct tm t;
+char buf[16];
+int main ()
+{
+  const char *p;
+  /* Check whether the given locale name is recognized by the system.  */
+#if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && !defined __CYGWIN__
+  /* On native Windows, setlocale(category, "") looks at the system settings,
+     not at the environment variables.  Also, when an encoding suffix such
+     as ".65001" or ".54936" is specified, it succeeds but sets the LC_CTYPE
+     category of the locale to "C".  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL
+      || strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+    return 1;
+#else
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether nl_langinfo(CODESET) is nonempty and not "ASCII" or "646".
+     On Mac OS X 10.3.5 (Darwin 7.5) in the fr_FR locale, nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+     is empty, and the behaviour of Tcl 8.4 in this locale is not useful.
+     On OpenBSD 4.0, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "646". In this situation,
+     some unit tests fail.
+     On MirBSD 10, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "UTF-8".  */
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+  {
+    const char *cs = nl_langinfo (CODESET);
+    if (cs[0] == '\0' || strcmp (cs, "ASCII") == 0 || strcmp (cs, "646") == 0
+        || strcmp (cs, "UTF-8") == 0)
+      return 1;
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+  /* On Cygwin, avoid locale names without encoding suffix, because the
+     locale_charset() function relies on the encoding suffix.  Note that
+     LC_ALL is set on the command line.  */
+  if (strchr (getenv ("LC_ALL"), '.') == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether MB_CUR_MAX is > 1.  This excludes the dysfunctional locales
+     on Cygwin 1.5.x.  */
+  if (MB_CUR_MAX == 1)
+    return 1;
+  /* Check whether in a month name, no byte in the range 0x80..0x9F occurs.
+     This excludes the UTF-8 encoding (except on MirBSD).  */
+  t.tm_year = 1975 - 1900; t.tm_mon = 2 - 1; t.tm_mday = 4;
+  if (strftime (buf, sizeof (buf), "%B", &t) < 2) return 1;
+  for (p = buf; *p != '\0'; p++)
+    if ((unsigned char) *p >= 0x80 && (unsigned char) *p < 0xa0)
+      return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+changequote([,])dnl
+      ])])
+    if AC_TRY_EVAL([ac_link]) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+      case "$host_os" in
+        # Handle native Windows specially, because there setlocale() interprets
+        # "ar" as "Arabic" or "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256",
+        # "fr" or "fra" as "French" or "French_France.1252",
+        # "ge"(!) or "deu"(!) as "German" or "German_Germany.1252",
+        # "ja" as "Japanese" or "Japanese_Japan.932",
+        # and similar.
+        mingw*)
+          # Note that on native Windows, the Japanese locale is
+          # Japanese_Japan.932, and CP932 is very different from EUC-JP, so we
+          # cannot use it here.
+          gt_cv_locale_ja=none
+          ;;
+        *)
+          # Setting LC_ALL is not enough. Need to set LC_TIME to empty, because
+          # otherwise on Mac OS X 10.3.5 the LC_TIME=C from the beginning of the
+          # configure script would override the LC_ALL setting. Likewise for
+          # LC_CTYPE, which is also set at the beginning of the configure script.
+          # Test for the AIX locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=ja_JP LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_ja=ja_JP
+          else
+            # Test for the locale name with explicit encoding suffix.
+            if (LC_ALL=ja_JP.EUC-JP LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+              gt_cv_locale_ja=ja_JP.EUC-JP
+            else
+              # Test for the HP-UX, OSF/1, NetBSD locale name.
+              if (LC_ALL=ja_JP.eucJP LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                gt_cv_locale_ja=ja_JP.eucJP
+              else
+                # Test for the IRIX, FreeBSD locale name.
+                if (LC_ALL=ja_JP.EUC LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                  gt_cv_locale_ja=ja_JP.EUC
+                else
+                  # Test for the Solaris 7 locale name.
+                  if (LC_ALL=ja LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                    gt_cv_locale_ja=ja
+                  else
+                    # Special test for NetBSD 1.6.
+                    if test -f /usr/share/locale/ja_JP.eucJP/LC_CTYPE; then
+                      gt_cv_locale_ja=ja_JP.eucJP
+                    else
+                      # None found.
+                      gt_cv_locale_ja=none
+                    fi
+                  fi
+                fi
+              fi
+            fi
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+    rm -fr conftest*
+  ])
+  LOCALE_JA=$gt_cv_locale_ja
+  AC_SUBST([LOCALE_JA])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/locale-tr.m4 b/gl/m4/locale-tr.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f3bf80302
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/locale-tr.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# locale-tr.m4 serial 10
+dnl Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl From Bruno Haible.
+
+dnl Determine the name of a turkish locale with UTF-8 encoding.
+AC_DEFUN([gt_LOCALE_TR_UTF8],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_LANGINFO_CODESET])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for a turkish Unicode locale], [gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8], [
+    AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_SOURCE([
+changequote(,)dnl
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+struct tm t;
+char buf[16];
+int main () {
+  /* On BeOS, locales are not implemented in libc.  Rather, libintl
+     imitates locale dependent behaviour by looking at the environment
+     variables, and all locales use the UTF-8 encoding.  But BeOS does not
+     implement the Turkish upper-/lowercase mappings.  Therefore, let this
+     program return 1 on BeOS.  */
+  /* Check whether the given locale name is recognized by the system.  */
+#if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && !defined __CYGWIN__
+  /* On native Windows, setlocale(category, "") looks at the system settings,
+     not at the environment variables.  Also, when an encoding suffix such
+     as ".65001" or ".54936" is specified, it succeeds but sets the LC_CTYPE
+     category of the locale to "C".  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL
+      || strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+    return 1;
+#else
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether nl_langinfo(CODESET) is nonempty and not "ASCII" or "646".
+     On Mac OS X 10.3.5 (Darwin 7.5) in the tr_TR locale, nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+     is empty, and the behaviour of Tcl 8.4 in this locale is not useful.
+     On OpenBSD 4.0, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "646". In this situation,
+     some unit tests fail.  */
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+  {
+    const char *cs = nl_langinfo (CODESET);
+    if (cs[0] == '\0' || strcmp (cs, "ASCII") == 0 || strcmp (cs, "646") == 0)
+      return 1;
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+  /* On Cygwin, avoid locale names without encoding suffix, because the
+     locale_charset() function relies on the encoding suffix.  Note that
+     LC_ALL is set on the command line.  */
+  if (strchr (getenv ("LC_ALL"), '.') == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether in the abbreviation of the eighth month, the second
+     character (should be U+011F: LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH BREVE) is
+     two bytes long, with UTF-8 encoding.  */
+  t.tm_year = 1992 - 1900; t.tm_mon = 8 - 1; t.tm_mday = 19;
+  if (strftime (buf, sizeof (buf), "%b", &t) < 4
+      || buf[1] != (char) 0xc4 || buf[2] != (char) 0x9f)
+    return 1;
+  /* Check whether the upper-/lowercase mappings are as expected for
+     Turkish.  */
+  if (towupper ('i') != 0x0130 || towlower (0x0130) != 'i'
+      || towupper(0x0131) != 'I' || towlower ('I') != 0x0131)
+    return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+changequote([,])dnl
+      ])])
+    if AC_TRY_EVAL([ac_link]) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+      case "$host_os" in
+        # Handle native Windows specially, because there setlocale() interprets
+        # "ar" as "Arabic" or "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256",
+        # "fr" or "fra" as "French" or "French_France.1252",
+        # "ge"(!) or "deu"(!) as "German" or "German_Germany.1252",
+        # "ja" as "Japanese" or "Japanese_Japan.932",
+        # and similar.
+        mingw*)
+          # Test for the hypothetical native Windows locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=Turkish_Turkey.65001 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=Turkish_Turkey.65001
+          else
+            # None found.
+            gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=none
+          fi
+          ;;
+        *)
+          # Setting LC_ALL is not enough. Need to set LC_TIME to empty, because
+          # otherwise on Mac OS X 10.3.5 the LC_TIME=C from the beginning of the
+          # configure script would override the LC_ALL setting. Likewise for
+          # LC_CTYPE, which is also set at the beginning of the configure script.
+          # Test for the usual locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=tr_TR LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=tr_TR
+          else
+            # Test for the locale name with explicit encoding suffix.
+            if (LC_ALL=tr_TR.UTF-8 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+              gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=tr_TR.UTF-8
+            else
+              # Test for the Solaris 7 locale name.
+              if (LC_ALL=tr.UTF-8 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+                gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=tr.UTF-8
+              else
+                # None found.
+                gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=none
+              fi
+            fi
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+    else
+      gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8=none
+    fi
+    rm -fr conftest*
+  ])
+  LOCALE_TR_UTF8=$gt_cv_locale_tr_utf8
+  AC_SUBST([LOCALE_TR_UTF8])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/locale-zh.m4 b/gl/m4/locale-zh.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5502b29e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/locale-zh.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# locale-zh.m4 serial 12
+dnl Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+dnl From Bruno Haible.
+
+dnl Determine the name of a chinese locale with GB18030 encoding.
+AC_DEFUN([gt_LOCALE_ZH_CN],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AM_LANGINFO_CODESET])
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([for a transitional chinese locale], [gt_cv_locale_zh_CN], [
+    AC_LANG_CONFTEST([AC_LANG_SOURCE([
+changequote(,)dnl
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+# include <langinfo.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+struct tm t;
+char buf[16];
+int main ()
+{
+  const char *p;
+  /* Check whether the given locale name is recognized by the system.  */
+#if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && !defined __CYGWIN__
+  /* On native Windows, setlocale(category, "") looks at the system settings,
+     not at the environment variables.  Also, when an encoding suffix such
+     as ".65001" or ".54936" is specified, it succeeds but sets the LC_CTYPE
+     category of the locale to "C".  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL
+      || strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+    return 1;
+#else
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether nl_langinfo(CODESET) is nonempty and not "ASCII" or "646".
+     On Mac OS X 10.3.5 (Darwin 7.5) in the fr_FR locale, nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+     is empty, and the behaviour of Tcl 8.4 in this locale is not useful.
+     On OpenBSD 4.0, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "646". In this situation,
+     some unit tests fail.
+     On MirBSD 10, when an unsupported locale is specified, setlocale()
+     succeeds but then nl_langinfo(CODESET) is "UTF-8".  */
+#if HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET
+  {
+    const char *cs = nl_langinfo (CODESET);
+    if (cs[0] == '\0' || strcmp (cs, "ASCII") == 0 || strcmp (cs, "646") == 0
+        || strcmp (cs, "UTF-8") == 0)
+      return 1;
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef __CYGWIN__
+  /* On Cygwin, avoid locale names without encoding suffix, because the
+     locale_charset() function relies on the encoding suffix.  Note that
+     LC_ALL is set on the command line.  */
+  if (strchr (getenv ("LC_ALL"), '.') == NULL) return 1;
+#endif
+  /* Check whether in a month name, no byte in the range 0x80..0x9F occurs.
+     This excludes the UTF-8 encoding (except on MirBSD).  */
+  t.tm_year = 1975 - 1900; t.tm_mon = 2 - 1; t.tm_mday = 4;
+  if (strftime (buf, sizeof (buf), "%B", &t) < 2) return 1;
+  for (p = buf; *p != '\0'; p++)
+    if ((unsigned char) *p >= 0x80 && (unsigned char) *p < 0xa0)
+      return 1;
+  /* Check whether a typical GB18030 multibyte sequence is recognized as a
+     single wide character.  This excludes the GB2312 and GBK encodings.  */
+  if (mblen ("\203\062\332\066", 5) != 4)
+    return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
+changequote([,])dnl
+      ])])
+    if AC_TRY_EVAL([ac_link]) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+      case "$host_os" in
+        # Handle native Windows specially, because there setlocale() interprets
+        # "ar" as "Arabic" or "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256",
+        # "fr" or "fra" as "French" or "French_France.1252",
+        # "ge"(!) or "deu"(!) as "German" or "German_Germany.1252",
+        # "ja" as "Japanese" or "Japanese_Japan.932",
+        # and similar.
+        mingw*)
+          # Test for the hypothetical native Windows locale name.
+          if (LC_ALL=Chinese_China.54936 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=Chinese_China.54936
+          else
+            # None found.
+            gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=none
+          fi
+          ;;
+        solaris2.8)
+          # On Solaris 8, the locales zh_CN.GB18030, zh_CN.GBK, zh.GBK are
+          # broken. One witness is the test case in gl_MBRTOWC_SANITYCHECK.
+          # Another witness is that "LC_ALL=zh_CN.GB18030 bash -c true" dumps core.
+          gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=none
+          ;;
+        *)
+          # Setting LC_ALL is not enough. Need to set LC_TIME to empty, because
+          # otherwise on Mac OS X 10.3.5 the LC_TIME=C from the beginning of the
+          # configure script would override the LC_ALL setting. Likewise for
+          # LC_CTYPE, which is also set at the beginning of the configure script.
+          # Test for the locale name without encoding suffix.
+          if (LC_ALL=zh_CN LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+            gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=zh_CN
+          else
+            # Test for the locale name with explicit encoding suffix.
+            if (LC_ALL=zh_CN.GB18030 LC_TIME= LC_CTYPE= ./conftest; exit) 2>/dev/null; then
+              gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=zh_CN.GB18030
+            else
+              # None found.
+              gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=none
+            fi
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
+    else
+      # If there was a link error, due to mblen(), the system is so old that
+      # it certainly doesn't have a chinese locale.
+      gt_cv_locale_zh_CN=none
+    fi
+    rm -fr conftest*
+  ])
+  LOCALE_ZH_CN=$gt_cv_locale_zh_CN
+  AC_SUBST([LOCALE_ZH_CN])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/locale_h.m4 b/gl/m4/locale_h.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0f4d524ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/locale_h.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+# locale_h.m4 serial 19
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LOCALE_H],
+[
+  dnl Use AC_REQUIRE here, so that the default behavior below is expanded
+  dnl once only, before all statements that occur in other macros.
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS])
+
+  dnl Persuade glibc <locale.h> to define locale_t and the int_p_*, int_n_*
+  dnl members of 'struct lconv'.
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_USE_SYSTEM_EXTENSIONS])
+
+  dnl If <stddef.h> is replaced, then <locale.h> must also be replaced.
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_STDDEF_H])
+
+  dnl Solaris 11 2011-11 defines the int_p_*, int_n_* members of 'struct lconv'
+  dnl only if _LCONV_C99 is defined.
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  case "$host_os" in
+    solaris*)
+      AC_DEFINE([_LCONV_C99], [1], [Define to 1 on Solaris.])
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether locale.h conforms to POSIX:2001],
+    [gl_cv_header_locale_h_posix2001],
+    [AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
+       [AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+          [[#include <locale.h>
+            int x = LC_MESSAGES;
+            int y = sizeof (((struct lconv *) 0)->decimal_point);]],
+          [[]])],
+       [gl_cv_header_locale_h_posix2001=yes],
+       [gl_cv_header_locale_h_posix2001=no])])
+
+  dnl Check for <xlocale.h>.
+  AC_CHECK_HEADERS_ONCE([xlocale.h])
+  if test $ac_cv_header_xlocale_h = yes; then
+    HAVE_XLOCALE_H=1
+    dnl Check whether use of locale_t requires inclusion of <xlocale.h>,
+    dnl e.g. on Mac OS X 10.5. If <locale.h> does not define locale_t by
+    dnl itself, we assume that <xlocale.h> will do so.
+    AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether locale.h defines locale_t],
+      [gl_cv_header_locale_has_locale_t],
+      [AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
+         [AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+            [[#include <locale.h>
+              locale_t x;]],
+            [[]])],
+         [gl_cv_header_locale_has_locale_t=yes],
+         [gl_cv_header_locale_has_locale_t=no])
+      ])
+    if test $gl_cv_header_locale_has_locale_t = yes; then
+      gl_cv_header_locale_h_needs_xlocale_h=no
+    else
+      gl_cv_header_locale_h_needs_xlocale_h=yes
+    fi
+  else
+    HAVE_XLOCALE_H=0
+    gl_cv_header_locale_h_needs_xlocale_h=no
+  fi
+  AC_SUBST([HAVE_XLOCALE_H])
+
+  dnl Check whether 'struct lconv' is complete.
+  dnl Bionic libc's 'struct lconv' is just a dummy.
+  dnl On OpenBSD 4.9, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, OSF/1 5.1, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.x,
+  dnl mingw, MSVC 9, it lacks the int_p_* and int_n_* members.
+  AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether struct lconv is properly defined],
+    [gl_cv_sys_struct_lconv_ok],
+    [AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
+       [AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+          [[#include <locale.h>
+            struct lconv l;
+            int x = sizeof (l.decimal_point);
+            int y = sizeof (l.int_p_cs_precedes);]],
+          [[]])],
+       [gl_cv_sys_struct_lconv_ok=yes],
+       [gl_cv_sys_struct_lconv_ok=no])
+    ])
+  if test $gl_cv_sys_struct_lconv_ok = no; then
+    REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV=1
+  fi
+
+  dnl <locale.h> is always overridden, because of GNULIB_POSIXCHECK.
+  gl_NEXT_HEADERS([locale.h])
+
+  dnl Check for declarations of anything we want to poison if the
+  dnl corresponding gnulib module is not in use.
+  gl_WARN_ON_USE_PREPARE([[#include <locale.h>
+/* Some systems provide declarations in a non-standard header.  */
+#if HAVE_XLOCALE_H
+# include <xlocale.h>
+#endif
+    ]],
+    [setlocale duplocale])
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LOCALE_MODULE_INDICATOR],
+[
+  dnl Use AC_REQUIRE here, so that the default settings are expanded once only.
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS])
+  gl_MODULE_INDICATOR_SET_VARIABLE([$1])
+  dnl Define it also as a C macro, for the benefit of the unit tests.
+  gl_MODULE_INDICATOR_FOR_TESTS([$1])
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS],
+[
+  GNULIB_LOCALECONV=0; AC_SUBST([GNULIB_LOCALECONV])
+  GNULIB_SETLOCALE=0;  AC_SUBST([GNULIB_SETLOCALE])
+  GNULIB_DUPLOCALE=0;  AC_SUBST([GNULIB_DUPLOCALE])
+  dnl Assume proper GNU behavior unless another module says otherwise.
+  HAVE_DUPLOCALE=1;       AC_SUBST([HAVE_DUPLOCALE])
+  REPLACE_LOCALECONV=0;   AC_SUBST([REPLACE_LOCALECONV])
+  REPLACE_SETLOCALE=0;    AC_SUBST([REPLACE_SETLOCALE])
+  REPLACE_DUPLOCALE=0;    AC_SUBST([REPLACE_DUPLOCALE])
+  REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV=0; AC_SUBST([REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/localename.m4 b/gl/m4/localename.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ba295ebc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/localename.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# localename.m4 serial 2
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_LOCALENAME],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gt_LC_MESSAGES])
+  AC_REQUIRE([gt_INTL_MACOSX])
+  AC_CHECK_FUNCS([setlocale uselocale])
+])
diff --git a/gl/m4/setlocale.m4 b/gl/m4/setlocale.m4
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c605241aa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/m4/setlocale.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# setlocale.m4 serial 4
+dnl Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_SETLOCALE],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  case "$host_os" in
+    dnl On native Windows systems, setlocale(category,NULL) does not look at
+    dnl the environment variables LC_ALL, category, and LANG.
+    mingw*) REPLACE_SETLOCALE=1 ;;
+    dnl On Cygwin 1.5.x, setlocale always succeeds but setlocale(LC_CTYPE,NULL)
+    dnl is then still "C".
+    cygwin*)
+      case `uname -r` in
+        1.5.*) REPLACE_SETLOCALE=1 ;;
+      esac
+      ;;
+  esac
+])
+
+# Prerequisites of lib/setlocale.c.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_PREREQ_SETLOCALE],
+[
+  :
+])
diff --git a/gl/tests/Makefile.am b/gl/tests/Makefile.am
index 70cc6d6f32..30cfa0c10f 100644
--- a/gl/tests/Makefile.am
+++ b/gl/tests/Makefile.am
@@ -142,6 +142,15 @@ EXTRA_DIST += test-c-ctype.c macros.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module c-ctype-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module c-strcase-tests
+
+TESTS += test-c-strcase.sh
+TESTS_ENVIRONMENT += LOCALE_FR='@LOCALE_FR@' LOCALE_TR_UTF8='@LOCALE_TR_UTF8@'
+check_PROGRAMS += test-c-strcasecmp test-c-strncasecmp
+EXTRA_DIST += test-c-strcase.sh test-c-strcasecmp.c test-c-strncasecmp.c macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module c-strcase-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module close-tests
 
 TESTS += test-close
@@ -468,6 +477,14 @@ EXTRA_DIST += signature.h test-gettimeofday.c
 
 ## end   gnulib module gettimeofday-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module iconv-h-tests
+
+TESTS += test-iconv-h
+check_PROGRAMS += test-iconv-h
+EXTRA_DIST += test-iconv-h.c
+
+## end   gnulib module iconv-h-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module iconv-tests
 
 TESTS += test-iconv
@@ -478,6 +495,16 @@ EXTRA_DIST += test-iconv.c signature.h macros.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module iconv-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module iconv_open-utf-tests
+
+TESTS += test-iconv-utf
+check_PROGRAMS += test-iconv-utf
+test_iconv_utf_LDADD = $(LDADD) @LIBICONV@
+
+EXTRA_DIST += test-iconv-utf.c macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module iconv_open-utf-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module ignore-value
 
 
@@ -624,6 +651,67 @@ EXTRA_DIST += test-listen.c signature.h macros.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module listen-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module locale
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += locale.h
+
+# We need the following in order to create <locale.h> when the system
+# doesn't have one that provides all definitions.
+locale.h: locale.in.h $(top_builddir)/config.status $(CXXDEFS_H) $(ARG_NONNULL_H) $(WARN_ON_USE_H)
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	{ echo '/* DO NOT EDIT! GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY! */' && \
+	  sed -e 's|@''GUARD_PREFIX''@|GL|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''INCLUDE_NEXT''@|$(INCLUDE_NEXT)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER''@|@PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_COLUMNS''@|@PRAGMA_COLUMNS@|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''NEXT_LOCALE_H''@|$(NEXT_LOCALE_H)|g' \
+	      -e 's/@''GNULIB_LOCALECONV''@/$(GNULIB_LOCALECONV)/g' \
+	      -e 's/@''GNULIB_SETLOCALE''@/$(GNULIB_SETLOCALE)/g' \
+	      -e 's/@''GNULIB_DUPLOCALE''@/$(GNULIB_DUPLOCALE)/g' \
+	      -e 's|@''HAVE_DUPLOCALE''@|$(HAVE_DUPLOCALE)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''HAVE_XLOCALE_H''@|$(HAVE_XLOCALE_H)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_LOCALECONV''@|$(REPLACE_LOCALECONV)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_SETLOCALE''@|$(REPLACE_SETLOCALE)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_DUPLOCALE''@|$(REPLACE_DUPLOCALE)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV''@|$(REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV)|g' \
+	      -e '/definitions of _GL_FUNCDECL_RPL/r $(CXXDEFS_H)' \
+	      -e '/definition of _GL_ARG_NONNULL/r $(ARG_NONNULL_H)' \
+	      -e '/definition of _GL_WARN_ON_USE/r $(WARN_ON_USE_H)' \
+	      < $(srcdir)/locale.in.h; \
+	} > $@-t && \
+	mv $@-t $@
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += locale.h locale.h-t
+
+EXTRA_DIST += locale.in.h
+
+## end   gnulib module locale
+
+## begin gnulib module locale-tests
+
+TESTS += test-locale
+check_PROGRAMS += test-locale
+EXTRA_DIST += test-locale.c
+
+## end   gnulib module locale-tests
+
+## begin gnulib module localename
+
+libtests_a_SOURCES += localename.c
+
+EXTRA_DIST += localename.h
+
+## end   gnulib module localename
+
+## begin gnulib module localename-tests
+
+TESTS += test-localename
+check_PROGRAMS += test-localename
+test_localename_LDADD = $(LDADD) @INTL_MACOSX_LIBS@ $(LIBTHREAD)
+
+EXTRA_DIST += test-localename.c macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module localename-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module lock
 
 libtests_a_SOURCES += glthread/lock.h glthread/lock.c
@@ -883,6 +971,28 @@ EXTRA_DIST += test-setenv.c signature.h macros.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module setenv-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module setlocale
+
+
+EXTRA_DIST += setlocale.c
+
+EXTRA_libtests_a_SOURCES += setlocale.c
+
+## end   gnulib module setlocale
+
+## begin gnulib module setlocale-tests
+
+TESTS += test-setlocale1.sh test-setlocale2.sh
+TESTS_ENVIRONMENT += \
+  LOCALE_FR='@LOCALE_FR@' \
+  LOCALE_FR_UTF8='@LOCALE_FR_UTF8@' \
+  LOCALE_JA='@LOCALE_JA@' \
+  LOCALE_ZH_CN='@LOCALE_ZH_CN@'
+check_PROGRAMS += test-setlocale1 test-setlocale2
+EXTRA_DIST += test-setlocale1.sh test-setlocale1.c test-setlocale2.sh test-setlocale2.c signature.h macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module setlocale-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module setsockopt-tests
 
 TESTS += test-setsockopt
@@ -987,6 +1097,31 @@ EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/c++defs.h
 
 ## end   gnulib module snippet/c++defs
 
+## begin gnulib module snippet/unused-parameter
+
+# The BUILT_SOURCES created by this Makefile snippet are not used via #include
+# statements but through direct file reference. Therefore this snippet must be
+# present in all Makefile.am that need it. This is ensured by the applicability
+# 'all' defined above.
+
+BUILT_SOURCES += unused-parameter.h
+# The unused-parameter.h that gets inserted into generated .h files is the same
+# as build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h, except that it has the copyright
+# header cut off.
+unused-parameter.h: $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@ && \
+	sed -n -e '/GL_UNUSED_PARAMETER/,$$p' \
+	  < $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h \
+	  > $@-t && \
+	mv $@-t $@
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES += unused-parameter.h unused-parameter.h-t
+
+UNUSED_PARAMETER_H=unused-parameter.h
+
+EXTRA_DIST += $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/snippet/unused-parameter.h
+
+## end   gnulib module snippet/unused-parameter
+
 ## begin gnulib module snippet/warn-on-use
 
 BUILT_SOURCES += warn-on-use.h
@@ -1301,6 +1436,26 @@ EXTRA_DIST += test-unistd.c
 
 ## end   gnulib module unistd-tests
 
+## begin gnulib module unistr/u8-mbtoucr-tests
+
+TESTS += test-u8-mbtoucr
+check_PROGRAMS += test-u8-mbtoucr
+test_u8_mbtoucr_SOURCES = unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c
+test_u8_mbtoucr_LDADD = $(LDADD) $(LIBUNISTRING)
+EXTRA_DIST += unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module unistr/u8-mbtoucr-tests
+
+## begin gnulib module unistr/u8-uctomb-tests
+
+TESTS += test-u8-uctomb
+check_PROGRAMS += test-u8-uctomb
+test_u8_uctomb_SOURCES = unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c
+test_u8_uctomb_LDADD = $(LDADD) $(LIBUNISTRING)
+EXTRA_DIST += unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c macros.h
+
+## end   gnulib module unistr/u8-uctomb-tests
+
 ## begin gnulib module unsetenv
 
 
diff --git a/gl/tests/locale.in.h b/gl/tests/locale.in.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d3c543750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/locale.in.h
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/* A POSIX <locale.h>.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _@GUARD_PREFIX@_LOCALE_H
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 3
+@PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@
+#endif
+@PRAGMA_COLUMNS@
+
+/* The include_next requires a split double-inclusion guard.  */
+#@INCLUDE_NEXT@ @NEXT_LOCALE_H@
+
+#ifndef _@GUARD_PREFIX@_LOCALE_H
+#define _@GUARD_PREFIX@_LOCALE_H
+
+/* NetBSD 5.0 mis-defines NULL.  */
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Mac OS X 10.5 defines the locale_t type in <xlocale.h>.  */
+#if @HAVE_XLOCALE_H@
+# include <xlocale.h>
+#endif
+
+/* The definitions of _GL_FUNCDECL_RPL etc. are copied here.  */
+
+/* The definition of _GL_ARG_NONNULL is copied here.  */
+
+/* The definition of _GL_WARN_ON_USE is copied here.  */
+
+/* The LC_MESSAGES locale category is specified in POSIX, but not in ISO C.
+   On systems that don't define it, use the same value as GNU libintl.  */
+#if !defined LC_MESSAGES
+# define LC_MESSAGES 1729
+#endif
+
+/* Bionic libc's 'struct lconv' is just a dummy.  */
+#if @REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV@
+# define lconv rpl_lconv
+struct lconv
+{
+  /* All 'char *' are actually 'const char *'.  */
+
+  /* Members that depend on the LC_NUMERIC category of the locale.  See
+     <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap07.html#tag_07_03_04> */
+
+  /* Symbol used as decimal point.  */
+  char *decimal_point;
+  /* Symbol used to separate groups of digits to the left of the decimal
+     point.  */
+  char *thousands_sep;
+  /* Definition of the size of groups of digits to the left of the decimal
+     point.  */
+  char *grouping;
+
+  /* Members that depend on the LC_MONETARY category of the locale.  See
+     <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap07.html#tag_07_03_03> */
+
+  /* Symbol used as decimal point.  */
+  char *mon_decimal_point;
+  /* Symbol used to separate groups of digits to the left of the decimal
+     point.  */
+  char *mon_thousands_sep;
+  /* Definition of the size of groups of digits to the left of the decimal
+     point.  */
+  char *mon_grouping;
+  /* Sign used to indicate a value >= 0.  */
+  char *positive_sign;
+  /* Sign used to indicate a value < 0.  */
+  char *negative_sign;
+
+  /* For formatting local currency.  */
+  /* Currency symbol (3 characters) followed by separator (1 character).  */
+  char *currency_symbol;
+  /* Number of digits after the decimal point.  */
+  char frac_digits;
+  /* For values >= 0: 1 if the currency symbol precedes the number, 0 if it
+     comes after the number.  */
+  char p_cs_precedes;
+  /* For values >= 0: Position of the sign.  */
+  char p_sign_posn;
+  /* For values >= 0: Placement of spaces between currency symbol, sign, and
+     number.  */
+  char p_sep_by_space;
+  /* For values < 0: 1 if the currency symbol precedes the number, 0 if it
+     comes after the number.  */
+  char n_cs_precedes;
+  /* For values < 0: Position of the sign.  */
+  char n_sign_posn;
+  /* For values < 0: Placement of spaces between currency symbol, sign, and
+     number.  */
+  char n_sep_by_space;
+
+  /* For formatting international currency.  */
+  /* Currency symbol (3 characters) followed by separator (1 character).  */
+  char *int_curr_symbol;
+  /* Number of digits after the decimal point.  */
+  char int_frac_digits;
+  /* For values >= 0: 1 if the currency symbol precedes the number, 0 if it
+     comes after the number.  */
+  char int_p_cs_precedes;
+  /* For values >= 0: Position of the sign.  */
+  char int_p_sign_posn;
+  /* For values >= 0: Placement of spaces between currency symbol, sign, and
+     number.  */
+  char int_p_sep_by_space;
+  /* For values < 0: 1 if the currency symbol precedes the number, 0 if it
+     comes after the number.  */
+  char int_n_cs_precedes;
+  /* For values < 0: Position of the sign.  */
+  char int_n_sign_posn;
+  /* For values < 0: Placement of spaces between currency symbol, sign, and
+     number.  */
+  char int_n_sep_by_space;
+};
+#endif
+
+#if @GNULIB_LOCALECONV@
+# if @REPLACE_LOCALECONV@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   undef localeconv
+#   define localeconv rpl_localeconv
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (localeconv, struct lconv *, (void));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (localeconv, struct lconv *, (void));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (localeconv, struct lconv *, (void));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (localeconv);
+#elif @REPLACE_STRUCT_LCONV@
+# undef localeconv
+# define localeconv localeconv_used_without_requesting_gnulib_module_localeconv
+#elif defined GNULIB_POSIXCHECK
+# undef localeconv
+# if HAVE_RAW_DECL_LOCALECONV
+_GL_WARN_ON_USE (localeconv,
+                 "localeconv returns too few information on some platforms - "
+                 "use gnulib module localeconv for portability");
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if @GNULIB_SETLOCALE@
+# if @REPLACE_SETLOCALE@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   undef setlocale
+#   define setlocale rpl_setlocale
+#   define GNULIB_defined_setlocale 1
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (setlocale);
+#elif defined GNULIB_POSIXCHECK
+# undef setlocale
+# if HAVE_RAW_DECL_SETLOCALE
+_GL_WARN_ON_USE (setlocale, "setlocale works differently on native Windows - "
+                 "use gnulib module setlocale for portability");
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if @GNULIB_DUPLOCALE@
+# if @REPLACE_DUPLOCALE@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   undef duplocale
+#   define duplocale rpl_duplocale
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (duplocale, locale_t, (locale_t locale) _GL_ARG_NONNULL ((1)));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (duplocale, locale_t, (locale_t locale));
+# else
+#  if @HAVE_DUPLOCALE@
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (duplocale, locale_t, (locale_t locale));
+#  endif
+# endif
+# if @HAVE_DUPLOCALE@
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (duplocale);
+# endif
+#elif defined GNULIB_POSIXCHECK
+# undef duplocale
+# if HAVE_RAW_DECL_DUPLOCALE
+_GL_WARN_ON_USE (duplocale, "duplocale is buggy on some glibc systems - "
+                 "use gnulib module duplocale for portability");
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _@GUARD_PREFIX@_LOCALE_H */
+#endif /* _@GUARD_PREFIX@_LOCALE_H */
diff --git a/gl/tests/localename.c b/gl/tests/localename.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4803eaffe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/localename.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2858 @@
+/* Determine name of the currently selected locale.
+   Copyright (C) 1995-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@gnu.org>, 1995.  */
+/* Native Windows code written by Tor Lillqvist <tml@iki.fi>.  */
+/* Mac OS X code written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#ifdef IN_LIBINTL
+# include "gettextP.h"
+#else
+# include "localename.h"
+#endif
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#if HAVE_USELOCALE
+/* Mac OS X 10.5 defines the locale_t type in <xlocale.h>.  */
+# if defined __APPLE__ && defined __MACH__
+#  include <xlocale.h>
+# endif
+# include <langinfo.h>
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+#  include "glthread/lock.h"
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT || HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE
+# include <CoreFoundation/CFString.h>
+# if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT
+#  include <CoreFoundation/CFLocale.h>
+# elif HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE
+#  include <CoreFoundation/CFPreferences.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__
+# define WINDOWS_NATIVE
+#endif
+
+#if defined WINDOWS_NATIVE || defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows or Cygwin */
+# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# include <windows.h>
+/* List of language codes, sorted by value:
+   0x01 LANG_ARABIC
+   0x02 LANG_BULGARIAN
+   0x03 LANG_CATALAN
+   0x04 LANG_CHINESE
+   0x05 LANG_CZECH
+   0x06 LANG_DANISH
+   0x07 LANG_GERMAN
+   0x08 LANG_GREEK
+   0x09 LANG_ENGLISH
+   0x0a LANG_SPANISH
+   0x0b LANG_FINNISH
+   0x0c LANG_FRENCH
+   0x0d LANG_HEBREW
+   0x0e LANG_HUNGARIAN
+   0x0f LANG_ICELANDIC
+   0x10 LANG_ITALIAN
+   0x11 LANG_JAPANESE
+   0x12 LANG_KOREAN
+   0x13 LANG_DUTCH
+   0x14 LANG_NORWEGIAN
+   0x15 LANG_POLISH
+   0x16 LANG_PORTUGUESE
+   0x17 LANG_ROMANSH
+   0x18 LANG_ROMANIAN
+   0x19 LANG_RUSSIAN
+   0x1a LANG_CROATIAN == LANG_SERBIAN
+   0x1b LANG_SLOVAK
+   0x1c LANG_ALBANIAN
+   0x1d LANG_SWEDISH
+   0x1e LANG_THAI
+   0x1f LANG_TURKISH
+   0x20 LANG_URDU
+   0x21 LANG_INDONESIAN
+   0x22 LANG_UKRAINIAN
+   0x23 LANG_BELARUSIAN
+   0x24 LANG_SLOVENIAN
+   0x25 LANG_ESTONIAN
+   0x26 LANG_LATVIAN
+   0x27 LANG_LITHUANIAN
+   0x28 LANG_TAJIK
+   0x29 LANG_FARSI
+   0x2a LANG_VIETNAMESE
+   0x2b LANG_ARMENIAN
+   0x2c LANG_AZERI
+   0x2d LANG_BASQUE
+   0x2e LANG_SORBIAN
+   0x2f LANG_MACEDONIAN
+   0x30 LANG_SUTU
+   0x31 LANG_TSONGA
+   0x32 LANG_TSWANA
+   0x33 LANG_VENDA
+   0x34 LANG_XHOSA
+   0x35 LANG_ZULU
+   0x36 LANG_AFRIKAANS
+   0x37 LANG_GEORGIAN
+   0x38 LANG_FAEROESE
+   0x39 LANG_HINDI
+   0x3a LANG_MALTESE
+   0x3b LANG_SAMI
+   0x3c LANG_GAELIC
+   0x3d LANG_YIDDISH
+   0x3e LANG_MALAY
+   0x3f LANG_KAZAK
+   0x40 LANG_KYRGYZ
+   0x41 LANG_SWAHILI
+   0x42 LANG_TURKMEN
+   0x43 LANG_UZBEK
+   0x44 LANG_TATAR
+   0x45 LANG_BENGALI
+   0x46 LANG_PUNJABI
+   0x47 LANG_GUJARATI
+   0x48 LANG_ORIYA
+   0x49 LANG_TAMIL
+   0x4a LANG_TELUGU
+   0x4b LANG_KANNADA
+   0x4c LANG_MALAYALAM
+   0x4d LANG_ASSAMESE
+   0x4e LANG_MARATHI
+   0x4f LANG_SANSKRIT
+   0x50 LANG_MONGOLIAN
+   0x51 LANG_TIBETAN
+   0x52 LANG_WELSH
+   0x53 LANG_CAMBODIAN
+   0x54 LANG_LAO
+   0x55 LANG_BURMESE
+   0x56 LANG_GALICIAN
+   0x57 LANG_KONKANI
+   0x58 LANG_MANIPURI
+   0x59 LANG_SINDHI
+   0x5a LANG_SYRIAC
+   0x5b LANG_SINHALESE
+   0x5c LANG_CHEROKEE
+   0x5d LANG_INUKTITUT
+   0x5e LANG_AMHARIC
+   0x5f LANG_TAMAZIGHT
+   0x60 LANG_KASHMIRI
+   0x61 LANG_NEPALI
+   0x62 LANG_FRISIAN
+   0x63 LANG_PASHTO
+   0x64 LANG_TAGALOG
+   0x65 LANG_DIVEHI
+   0x66 LANG_EDO
+   0x67 LANG_FULFULDE
+   0x68 LANG_HAUSA
+   0x69 LANG_IBIBIO
+   0x6a LANG_YORUBA
+   0x6d LANG_BASHKIR
+   0x6e LANG_LUXEMBOURGISH
+   0x6f LANG_GREENLANDIC
+   0x70 LANG_IGBO
+   0x71 LANG_KANURI
+   0x72 LANG_OROMO
+   0x73 LANG_TIGRINYA
+   0x74 LANG_GUARANI
+   0x75 LANG_HAWAIIAN
+   0x76 LANG_LATIN
+   0x77 LANG_SOMALI
+   0x78 LANG_YI
+   0x79 LANG_PAPIAMENTU
+   0x7a LANG_MAPUDUNGUN
+   0x7c LANG_MOHAWK
+   0x7e LANG_BRETON
+   0x82 LANG_OCCITAN
+   0x83 LANG_CORSICAN
+   0x84 LANG_ALSATIAN
+   0x85 LANG_YAKUT
+   0x86 LANG_KICHE
+   0x87 LANG_KINYARWANDA
+   0x88 LANG_WOLOF
+   0x8c LANG_DARI
+   0x91 LANG_SCOTTISH_GAELIC
+*/
+/* Mingw headers don't have latest language and sublanguage codes.  */
+# ifndef LANG_AFRIKAANS
+# define LANG_AFRIKAANS 0x36
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ALBANIAN
+# define LANG_ALBANIAN 0x1c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ALSATIAN
+# define LANG_ALSATIAN 0x84
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_AMHARIC
+# define LANG_AMHARIC 0x5e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ARABIC
+# define LANG_ARABIC 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ARMENIAN
+# define LANG_ARMENIAN 0x2b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ASSAMESE
+# define LANG_ASSAMESE 0x4d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_AZERI
+# define LANG_AZERI 0x2c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BASHKIR
+# define LANG_BASHKIR 0x6d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BASQUE
+# define LANG_BASQUE 0x2d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BELARUSIAN
+# define LANG_BELARUSIAN 0x23
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BENGALI
+# define LANG_BENGALI 0x45
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BRETON
+# define LANG_BRETON 0x7e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_BURMESE
+# define LANG_BURMESE 0x55
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_CAMBODIAN
+# define LANG_CAMBODIAN 0x53
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_CATALAN
+# define LANG_CATALAN 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_CHEROKEE
+# define LANG_CHEROKEE 0x5c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_CORSICAN
+# define LANG_CORSICAN 0x83
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_DARI
+# define LANG_DARI 0x8c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_DIVEHI
+# define LANG_DIVEHI 0x65
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_EDO
+# define LANG_EDO 0x66
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ESTONIAN
+# define LANG_ESTONIAN 0x25
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_FAEROESE
+# define LANG_FAEROESE 0x38
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_FARSI
+# define LANG_FARSI 0x29
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_FRISIAN
+# define LANG_FRISIAN 0x62
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_FULFULDE
+# define LANG_FULFULDE 0x67
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GAELIC
+# define LANG_GAELIC 0x3c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GALICIAN
+# define LANG_GALICIAN 0x56
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GEORGIAN
+# define LANG_GEORGIAN 0x37
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GREENLANDIC
+# define LANG_GREENLANDIC 0x6f
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GUARANI
+# define LANG_GUARANI 0x74
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_GUJARATI
+# define LANG_GUJARATI 0x47
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_HAUSA
+# define LANG_HAUSA 0x68
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_HAWAIIAN
+# define LANG_HAWAIIAN 0x75
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_HEBREW
+# define LANG_HEBREW 0x0d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_HINDI
+# define LANG_HINDI 0x39
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_IBIBIO
+# define LANG_IBIBIO 0x69
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_IGBO
+# define LANG_IGBO 0x70
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_INDONESIAN
+# define LANG_INDONESIAN 0x21
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_INUKTITUT
+# define LANG_INUKTITUT 0x5d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KANNADA
+# define LANG_KANNADA 0x4b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KANURI
+# define LANG_KANURI 0x71
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KASHMIRI
+# define LANG_KASHMIRI 0x60
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KAZAK
+# define LANG_KAZAK 0x3f
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KICHE
+# define LANG_KICHE 0x86
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KINYARWANDA
+# define LANG_KINYARWANDA 0x87
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KONKANI
+# define LANG_KONKANI 0x57
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_KYRGYZ
+# define LANG_KYRGYZ 0x40
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_LAO
+# define LANG_LAO 0x54
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_LATIN
+# define LANG_LATIN 0x76
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_LATVIAN
+# define LANG_LATVIAN 0x26
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_LITHUANIAN
+# define LANG_LITHUANIAN 0x27
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_LUXEMBOURGISH
+# define LANG_LUXEMBOURGISH 0x6e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MACEDONIAN
+# define LANG_MACEDONIAN 0x2f
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MALAY
+# define LANG_MALAY 0x3e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MALAYALAM
+# define LANG_MALAYALAM 0x4c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MALTESE
+# define LANG_MALTESE 0x3a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MANIPURI
+# define LANG_MANIPURI 0x58
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MAORI
+# define LANG_MAORI 0x81
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MAPUDUNGUN
+# define LANG_MAPUDUNGUN 0x7a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MARATHI
+# define LANG_MARATHI 0x4e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MOHAWK
+# define LANG_MOHAWK 0x7c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_MONGOLIAN
+# define LANG_MONGOLIAN 0x50
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_NEPALI
+# define LANG_NEPALI 0x61
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_OCCITAN
+# define LANG_OCCITAN 0x82
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ORIYA
+# define LANG_ORIYA 0x48
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_OROMO
+# define LANG_OROMO 0x72
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_PAPIAMENTU
+# define LANG_PAPIAMENTU 0x79
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_PASHTO
+# define LANG_PASHTO 0x63
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_PUNJABI
+# define LANG_PUNJABI 0x46
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_QUECHUA
+# define LANG_QUECHUA 0x6b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ROMANSH
+# define LANG_ROMANSH 0x17
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SAMI
+# define LANG_SAMI 0x3b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SANSKRIT
+# define LANG_SANSKRIT 0x4f
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SCOTTISH_GAELIC
+# define LANG_SCOTTISH_GAELIC 0x91
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SERBIAN
+# define LANG_SERBIAN 0x1a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SINDHI
+# define LANG_SINDHI 0x59
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SINHALESE
+# define LANG_SINHALESE 0x5b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SLOVAK
+# define LANG_SLOVAK 0x1b
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SOMALI
+# define LANG_SOMALI 0x77
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SORBIAN
+# define LANG_SORBIAN 0x2e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SOTHO
+# define LANG_SOTHO 0x6c
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SUTU
+# define LANG_SUTU 0x30
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SWAHILI
+# define LANG_SWAHILI 0x41
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_SYRIAC
+# define LANG_SYRIAC 0x5a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TAGALOG
+# define LANG_TAGALOG 0x64
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TAJIK
+# define LANG_TAJIK 0x28
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TAMAZIGHT
+# define LANG_TAMAZIGHT 0x5f
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TAMIL
+# define LANG_TAMIL 0x49
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TATAR
+# define LANG_TATAR 0x44
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TELUGU
+# define LANG_TELUGU 0x4a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_THAI
+# define LANG_THAI 0x1e
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TIBETAN
+# define LANG_TIBETAN 0x51
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TIGRINYA
+# define LANG_TIGRINYA 0x73
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TSONGA
+# define LANG_TSONGA 0x31
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TSWANA
+# define LANG_TSWANA 0x32
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_TURKMEN
+# define LANG_TURKMEN 0x42
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_UIGHUR
+# define LANG_UIGHUR 0x80
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_UKRAINIAN
+# define LANG_UKRAINIAN 0x22
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_URDU
+# define LANG_URDU 0x20
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_UZBEK
+# define LANG_UZBEK 0x43
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_VENDA
+# define LANG_VENDA 0x33
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_VIETNAMESE
+# define LANG_VIETNAMESE 0x2a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_WELSH
+# define LANG_WELSH 0x52
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_WOLOF
+# define LANG_WOLOF 0x88
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_XHOSA
+# define LANG_XHOSA 0x34
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_YAKUT
+# define LANG_YAKUT 0x85
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_YI
+# define LANG_YI 0x78
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_YIDDISH
+# define LANG_YIDDISH 0x3d
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_YORUBA
+# define LANG_YORUBA 0x6a
+# endif
+# ifndef LANG_ZULU
+# define LANG_ZULU 0x35
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_AFRIKAANS_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_AFRIKAANS_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ALBANIAN_ALBANIA
+# define SUBLANG_ALBANIAN_ALBANIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ALSATIAN_FRANCE
+# define SUBLANG_ALSATIAN_FRANCE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_AMHARIC_ETHIOPIA
+# define SUBLANG_AMHARIC_ETHIOPIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_SAUDI_ARABIA
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_SAUDI_ARABIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_IRAQ
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_IRAQ 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_EGYPT
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_EGYPT 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_LIBYA
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_LIBYA 0x04
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_ALGERIA
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_ALGERIA 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_MOROCCO
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_MOROCCO 0x06
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_TUNISIA
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_TUNISIA 0x07
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_OMAN
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_OMAN 0x08
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_YEMEN
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_YEMEN 0x09
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_SYRIA
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_SYRIA 0x0a
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_JORDAN
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_JORDAN 0x0b
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_LEBANON
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_LEBANON 0x0c
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_KUWAIT
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_KUWAIT 0x0d
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_UAE
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_UAE 0x0e
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_BAHRAIN
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_BAHRAIN 0x0f
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARABIC_QATAR
+# define SUBLANG_ARABIC_QATAR 0x10
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ARMENIAN_ARMENIA
+# define SUBLANG_ARMENIAN_ARMENIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ASSAMESE_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_ASSAMESE_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_AZERI_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_AZERI_LATIN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_AZERI_CYRILLIC
+# define SUBLANG_AZERI_CYRILLIC 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BASHKIR_RUSSIA
+# define SUBLANG_BASHKIR_RUSSIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BASQUE_BASQUE
+# define SUBLANG_BASQUE_BASQUE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BELARUSIAN_BELARUS
+# define SUBLANG_BELARUSIAN_BELARUS 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BENGALI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_BENGALI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BENGALI_BANGLADESH
+# define SUBLANG_BENGALI_BANGLADESH 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_CYRILLIC
+# define SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_CYRILLIC 0x08
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BRETON_FRANCE
+# define SUBLANG_BRETON_FRANCE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_BULGARIAN_BULGARIA
+# define SUBLANG_BULGARIAN_BULGARIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CAMBODIAN_CAMBODIA
+# define SUBLANG_CAMBODIAN_CAMBODIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CATALAN_SPAIN
+# define SUBLANG_CATALAN_SPAIN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CORSICAN_FRANCE
+# define SUBLANG_CORSICAN_FRANCE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CROATIAN_CROATIA
+# define SUBLANG_CROATIAN_CROATIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CROATIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_CROATIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN 0x04
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CHINESE_MACAU
+# define SUBLANG_CHINESE_MACAU 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_CZECH_CZECH_REPUBLIC
+# define SUBLANG_CZECH_CZECH_REPUBLIC 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_DANISH_DENMARK
+# define SUBLANG_DANISH_DENMARK 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_DARI_AFGHANISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_DARI_AFGHANISTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_DIVEHI_MALDIVES
+# define SUBLANG_DIVEHI_MALDIVES 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_DUTCH_SURINAM
+# define SUBLANG_DUTCH_SURINAM 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x07
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_JAMAICA
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_JAMAICA 0x08
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_CARIBBEAN
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_CARIBBEAN 0x09
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_BELIZE
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_BELIZE 0x0a
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_TRINIDAD
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_TRINIDAD 0x0b
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_ZIMBABWE
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_ZIMBABWE 0x0c
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_PHILIPPINES
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_PHILIPPINES 0x0d
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDONESIA
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDONESIA 0x0e
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_HONGKONG
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_HONGKONG 0x0f
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDIA 0x10
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_MALAYSIA
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_MALAYSIA 0x11
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SINGAPORE
+# define SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SINGAPORE 0x12
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ESTONIAN_ESTONIA
+# define SUBLANG_ESTONIAN_ESTONIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FAEROESE_FAROE_ISLANDS
+# define SUBLANG_FAEROESE_FAROE_ISLANDS 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FARSI_IRAN
+# define SUBLANG_FARSI_IRAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FINNISH_FINLAND
+# define SUBLANG_FINNISH_FINLAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_LUXEMBOURG
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_LUXEMBOURG 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_MONACO
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_MONACO 0x06
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_WESTINDIES
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_WESTINDIES 0x07
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_REUNION
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_REUNION 0x08
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_CONGO
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_CONGO 0x09
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_SENEGAL
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_SENEGAL 0x0a
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_CAMEROON
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_CAMEROON 0x0b
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_COTEDIVOIRE
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_COTEDIVOIRE 0x0c
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_MALI
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_MALI 0x0d
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_MOROCCO
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_MOROCCO 0x0e
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRENCH_HAITI
+# define SUBLANG_FRENCH_HAITI 0x0f
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_FRISIAN_NETHERLANDS
+# define SUBLANG_FRISIAN_NETHERLANDS 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GALICIAN_SPAIN
+# define SUBLANG_GALICIAN_SPAIN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GEORGIAN_GEORGIA
+# define SUBLANG_GEORGIAN_GEORGIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GERMAN_LUXEMBOURG
+# define SUBLANG_GERMAN_LUXEMBOURG 0x04
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GERMAN_LIECHTENSTEIN
+# define SUBLANG_GERMAN_LIECHTENSTEIN 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GREEK_GREECE
+# define SUBLANG_GREEK_GREECE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GREENLANDIC_GREENLAND
+# define SUBLANG_GREENLANDIC_GREENLAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_GUJARATI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_GUJARATI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_HAUSA_NIGERIA_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_HAUSA_NIGERIA_LATIN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_HEBREW_ISRAEL
+# define SUBLANG_HEBREW_ISRAEL 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_HINDI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_HINDI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_HUNGARIAN_HUNGARY
+# define SUBLANG_HUNGARIAN_HUNGARY 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ICELANDIC_ICELAND
+# define SUBLANG_ICELANDIC_ICELAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_IGBO_NIGERIA
+# define SUBLANG_IGBO_NIGERIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_INDONESIAN_INDONESIA
+# define SUBLANG_INDONESIAN_INDONESIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA
+# define SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA 0x01
+# endif
+# undef SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA_LATIN 0x02
+# undef SUBLANG_IRISH_IRELAND
+# define SUBLANG_IRISH_IRELAND 0x02
+# ifndef SUBLANG_JAPANESE_JAPAN
+# define SUBLANG_JAPANESE_JAPAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KANNADA_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_KANNADA_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KASHMIRI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_KASHMIRI_INDIA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KAZAK_KAZAKHSTAN
+# define SUBLANG_KAZAK_KAZAKHSTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KICHE_GUATEMALA
+# define SUBLANG_KICHE_GUATEMALA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KINYARWANDA_RWANDA
+# define SUBLANG_KINYARWANDA_RWANDA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KONKANI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_KONKANI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_KYRGYZ_KYRGYZSTAN
+# define SUBLANG_KYRGYZ_KYRGYZSTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_LAO_LAOS
+# define SUBLANG_LAO_LAOS 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_LATVIAN_LATVIA
+# define SUBLANG_LATVIAN_LATVIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_LITHUANIAN_LITHUANIA
+# define SUBLANG_LITHUANIAN_LITHUANIA 0x01
+# endif
+# undef SUBLANG_LOWER_SORBIAN_GERMANY
+# define SUBLANG_LOWER_SORBIAN_GERMANY 0x02
+# ifndef SUBLANG_LUXEMBOURGISH_LUXEMBOURG
+# define SUBLANG_LUXEMBOURGISH_LUXEMBOURG 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MACEDONIAN_MACEDONIA
+# define SUBLANG_MACEDONIAN_MACEDONIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MALAY_MALAYSIA
+# define SUBLANG_MALAY_MALAYSIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MALAY_BRUNEI_DARUSSALAM
+# define SUBLANG_MALAY_BRUNEI_DARUSSALAM 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MALAYALAM_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_MALAYALAM_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MALTESE_MALTA
+# define SUBLANG_MALTESE_MALTA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MAORI_NEW_ZEALAND
+# define SUBLANG_MAORI_NEW_ZEALAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MAPUDUNGUN_CHILE
+# define SUBLANG_MAPUDUNGUN_CHILE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MARATHI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_MARATHI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MOHAWK_CANADA
+# define SUBLANG_MOHAWK_CANADA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_CYRILLIC_MONGOLIA
+# define SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_CYRILLIC_MONGOLIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_PRC
+# define SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_PRC 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_NEPALI_NEPAL
+# define SUBLANG_NEPALI_NEPAL 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_NEPALI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_NEPALI_INDIA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_OCCITAN_FRANCE
+# define SUBLANG_OCCITAN_FRANCE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ORIYA_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_ORIYA_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_PASHTO_AFGHANISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_PASHTO_AFGHANISTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_POLISH_POLAND
+# define SUBLANG_POLISH_POLAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_PUNJABI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_PUNJABI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_PUNJABI_PAKISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_PUNJABI_PAKISTAN 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_QUECHUA_BOLIVIA
+# define SUBLANG_QUECHUA_BOLIVIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_QUECHUA_ECUADOR
+# define SUBLANG_QUECHUA_ECUADOR 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_QUECHUA_PERU
+# define SUBLANG_QUECHUA_PERU 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_ROMANIA
+# define SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_ROMANIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_MOLDOVA
+# define SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_MOLDOVA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ROMANSH_SWITZERLAND
+# define SUBLANG_ROMANSH_SWITZERLAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_RUSSIA
+# define SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_RUSSIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_MOLDAVIA
+# define SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_MOLDAVIA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_NORWAY
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_NORWAY 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_SWEDEN
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_SWEDEN 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_FINLAND
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_FINLAND 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_NORWAY
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_NORWAY 0x04
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_SWEDEN
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_SWEDEN 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_NORWAY
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_NORWAY 0x06
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_SWEDEN
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_SWEDEN 0x07
+# endif
+# undef SUBLANG_SAMI_SKOLT_FINLAND
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_SKOLT_FINLAND 0x08
+# undef SUBLANG_SAMI_INARI_FINLAND
+# define SUBLANG_SAMI_INARI_FINLAND 0x09
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SANSKRIT_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_SANSKRIT_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SERBIAN_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_SERBIAN_LATIN 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SERBIAN_CYRILLIC
+# define SUBLANG_SERBIAN_CYRILLIC 0x03
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SINDHI_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_SINDHI_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# undef SUBLANG_SINDHI_PAKISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_SINDHI_PAKISTAN 0x02
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SINDHI_AFGHANISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_SINDHI_AFGHANISTAN 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SINHALESE_SRI_LANKA
+# define SUBLANG_SINHALESE_SRI_LANKA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SLOVAK_SLOVAKIA
+# define SUBLANG_SLOVAK_SLOVAKIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SLOVENIAN_SLOVENIA
+# define SUBLANG_SLOVENIAN_SLOVENIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SOTHO_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_SOTHO_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_GUATEMALA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_GUATEMALA 0x04
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_COSTA_RICA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_COSTA_RICA 0x05
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_PANAMA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_PANAMA 0x06
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_DOMINICAN_REPUBLIC
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_DOMINICAN_REPUBLIC 0x07
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_VENEZUELA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_VENEZUELA 0x08
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_COLOMBIA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_COLOMBIA 0x09
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_PERU
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_PERU 0x0a
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_ARGENTINA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_ARGENTINA 0x0b
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_ECUADOR
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_ECUADOR 0x0c
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_CHILE
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_CHILE 0x0d
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_URUGUAY
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_URUGUAY 0x0e
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_PARAGUAY
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_PARAGUAY 0x0f
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_BOLIVIA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_BOLIVIA 0x10
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_EL_SALVADOR
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_EL_SALVADOR 0x11
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_HONDURAS
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_HONDURAS 0x12
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_NICARAGUA
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_NICARAGUA 0x13
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_PUERTO_RICO
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_PUERTO_RICO 0x14
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SPANISH_US
+# define SUBLANG_SPANISH_US 0x15
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SWAHILI_KENYA
+# define SUBLANG_SWAHILI_KENYA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SWEDISH_SWEDEN
+# define SUBLANG_SWEDISH_SWEDEN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SWEDISH_FINLAND
+# define SUBLANG_SWEDISH_FINLAND 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_SYRIAC_SYRIA
+# define SUBLANG_SYRIAC_SYRIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TAGALOG_PHILIPPINES
+# define SUBLANG_TAGALOG_PHILIPPINES 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TAJIK_TAJIKISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_TAJIK_TAJIKISTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ARABIC
+# define SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ARABIC 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ALGERIA_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ALGERIA_LATIN 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TAMIL_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_TAMIL_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TATAR_RUSSIA
+# define SUBLANG_TATAR_RUSSIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TELUGU_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_TELUGU_INDIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_THAI_THAILAND
+# define SUBLANG_THAI_THAILAND 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TIBETAN_PRC
+# define SUBLANG_TIBETAN_PRC 0x01
+# endif
+# undef SUBLANG_TIBETAN_BHUTAN
+# define SUBLANG_TIBETAN_BHUTAN 0x02
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ETHIOPIA
+# define SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ETHIOPIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ERITREA
+# define SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ERITREA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TSWANA_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_TSWANA_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TURKISH_TURKEY
+# define SUBLANG_TURKISH_TURKEY 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_TURKMEN_TURKMENISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_TURKMEN_TURKMENISTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_UIGHUR_PRC
+# define SUBLANG_UIGHUR_PRC 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_UKRAINIAN_UKRAINE
+# define SUBLANG_UKRAINIAN_UKRAINE 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_UPPER_SORBIAN_GERMANY
+# define SUBLANG_UPPER_SORBIAN_GERMANY 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_URDU_PAKISTAN
+# define SUBLANG_URDU_PAKISTAN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_URDU_INDIA
+# define SUBLANG_URDU_INDIA 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_UZBEK_LATIN
+# define SUBLANG_UZBEK_LATIN 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_UZBEK_CYRILLIC
+# define SUBLANG_UZBEK_CYRILLIC 0x02
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_VIETNAMESE_VIETNAM
+# define SUBLANG_VIETNAMESE_VIETNAM 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_WELSH_UNITED_KINGDOM
+# define SUBLANG_WELSH_UNITED_KINGDOM 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_WOLOF_SENEGAL
+# define SUBLANG_WOLOF_SENEGAL 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_XHOSA_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_XHOSA_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_YAKUT_RUSSIA
+# define SUBLANG_YAKUT_RUSSIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_YI_PRC
+# define SUBLANG_YI_PRC 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_YORUBA_NIGERIA
+# define SUBLANG_YORUBA_NIGERIA 0x01
+# endif
+# ifndef SUBLANG_ZULU_SOUTH_AFRICA
+# define SUBLANG_ZULU_SOUTH_AFRICA 0x01
+# endif
+/* GetLocaleInfoA operations.  */
+# ifndef LOCALE_SNAME
+# define LOCALE_SNAME 0x5c
+# endif
+#endif
+
+
+#if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT || HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE
+/* Mac OS X 10.2 or newer */
+
+/* Canonicalize a Mac OS X locale name to a Unix locale name.
+   NAME is a sufficiently large buffer.
+   On input, it contains the Mac OS X locale name.
+   On output, it contains the Unix locale name.  */
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+static
+# endif
+void
+gl_locale_name_canonicalize (char *name)
+{
+  /* This conversion is based on a posting by
+     Deborah GoldSmith <goldsmit@apple.com> on 2005-03-08,
+     http://lists.apple.com/archives/carbon-dev/2005/Mar/msg00293.html */
+
+  /* Convert legacy (NeXTstep inherited) English names to Unix (ISO 639 and
+     ISO 3166) names.  Prior to Mac OS X 10.3, there is no API for doing this.
+     Therefore we do it ourselves, using a table based on the results of the
+     Mac OS X 10.3.8 function
+     CFLocaleCreateCanonicalLocaleIdentifierFromString().  */
+  typedef struct { const char legacy[21+1]; const char unixy[5+1]; }
+          legacy_entry;
+  static const legacy_entry legacy_table[] = {
+    { "Afrikaans",             "af" },
+    { "Albanian",              "sq" },
+    { "Amharic",               "am" },
+    { "Arabic",                "ar" },
+    { "Armenian",              "hy" },
+    { "Assamese",              "as" },
+    { "Aymara",                "ay" },
+    { "Azerbaijani",           "az" },
+    { "Basque",                "eu" },
+    { "Belarusian",            "be" },
+    { "Belorussian",           "be" },
+    { "Bengali",               "bn" },
+    { "Brazilian Portugese",   "pt_BR" },
+    { "Brazilian Portuguese",  "pt_BR" },
+    { "Breton",                "br" },
+    { "Bulgarian",             "bg" },
+    { "Burmese",               "my" },
+    { "Byelorussian",          "be" },
+    { "Catalan",               "ca" },
+    { "Chewa",                 "ny" },
+    { "Chichewa",              "ny" },
+    { "Chinese",               "zh" },
+    { "Chinese, Simplified",   "zh_CN" },
+    { "Chinese, Traditional",  "zh_TW" },
+    { "Chinese, Tradtional",   "zh_TW" },
+    { "Croatian",              "hr" },
+    { "Czech",                 "cs" },
+    { "Danish",                "da" },
+    { "Dutch",                 "nl" },
+    { "Dzongkha",              "dz" },
+    { "English",               "en" },
+    { "Esperanto",             "eo" },
+    { "Estonian",              "et" },
+    { "Faroese",               "fo" },
+    { "Farsi",                 "fa" },
+    { "Finnish",               "fi" },
+    { "Flemish",               "nl_BE" },
+    { "French",                "fr" },
+    { "Galician",              "gl" },
+    { "Gallegan",              "gl" },
+    { "Georgian",              "ka" },
+    { "German",                "de" },
+    { "Greek",                 "el" },
+    { "Greenlandic",           "kl" },
+    { "Guarani",               "gn" },
+    { "Gujarati",              "gu" },
+    { "Hawaiian",              "haw" }, /* Yes, "haw", not "cpe".  */
+    { "Hebrew",                "he" },
+    { "Hindi",                 "hi" },
+    { "Hungarian",             "hu" },
+    { "Icelandic",             "is" },
+    { "Indonesian",            "id" },
+    { "Inuktitut",             "iu" },
+    { "Irish",                 "ga" },
+    { "Italian",               "it" },
+    { "Japanese",              "ja" },
+    { "Javanese",              "jv" },
+    { "Kalaallisut",           "kl" },
+    { "Kannada",               "kn" },
+    { "Kashmiri",              "ks" },
+    { "Kazakh",                "kk" },
+    { "Khmer",                 "km" },
+    { "Kinyarwanda",           "rw" },
+    { "Kirghiz",               "ky" },
+    { "Korean",                "ko" },
+    { "Kurdish",               "ku" },
+    { "Latin",                 "la" },
+    { "Latvian",               "lv" },
+    { "Lithuanian",            "lt" },
+    { "Macedonian",            "mk" },
+    { "Malagasy",              "mg" },
+    { "Malay",                 "ms" },
+    { "Malayalam",             "ml" },
+    { "Maltese",               "mt" },
+    { "Manx",                  "gv" },
+    { "Marathi",               "mr" },
+    { "Moldavian",             "mo" },
+    { "Mongolian",             "mn" },
+    { "Nepali",                "ne" },
+    { "Norwegian",             "nb" }, /* Yes, "nb", not the obsolete "no".  */
+    { "Nyanja",                "ny" },
+    { "Nynorsk",               "nn" },
+    { "Oriya",                 "or" },
+    { "Oromo",                 "om" },
+    { "Panjabi",               "pa" },
+    { "Pashto",                "ps" },
+    { "Persian",               "fa" },
+    { "Polish",                "pl" },
+    { "Portuguese",            "pt" },
+    { "Portuguese, Brazilian", "pt_BR" },
+    { "Punjabi",               "pa" },
+    { "Pushto",                "ps" },
+    { "Quechua",               "qu" },
+    { "Romanian",              "ro" },
+    { "Ruanda",                "rw" },
+    { "Rundi",                 "rn" },
+    { "Russian",               "ru" },
+    { "Sami",                  "se_NO" }, /* Not just "se".  */
+    { "Sanskrit",              "sa" },
+    { "Scottish",              "gd" },
+    { "Serbian",               "sr" },
+    { "Simplified Chinese",    "zh_CN" },
+    { "Sindhi",                "sd" },
+    { "Sinhalese",             "si" },
+    { "Slovak",                "sk" },
+    { "Slovenian",             "sl" },
+    { "Somali",                "so" },
+    { "Spanish",               "es" },
+    { "Sundanese",             "su" },
+    { "Swahili",               "sw" },
+    { "Swedish",               "sv" },
+    { "Tagalog",               "tl" },
+    { "Tajik",                 "tg" },
+    { "Tajiki",                "tg" },
+    { "Tamil",                 "ta" },
+    { "Tatar",                 "tt" },
+    { "Telugu",                "te" },
+    { "Thai",                  "th" },
+    { "Tibetan",               "bo" },
+    { "Tigrinya",              "ti" },
+    { "Tongan",                "to" },
+    { "Traditional Chinese",   "zh_TW" },
+    { "Turkish",               "tr" },
+    { "Turkmen",               "tk" },
+    { "Uighur",                "ug" },
+    { "Ukrainian",             "uk" },
+    { "Urdu",                  "ur" },
+    { "Uzbek",                 "uz" },
+    { "Vietnamese",            "vi" },
+    { "Welsh",                 "cy" },
+    { "Yiddish",               "yi" }
+  };
+
+  /* Convert new-style locale names with language tags (ISO 639 and ISO 15924)
+     to Unix (ISO 639 and ISO 3166) names.  */
+  typedef struct { const char langtag[7+1]; const char unixy[12+1]; }
+          langtag_entry;
+  static const langtag_entry langtag_table[] = {
+    /* Mac OS X has "az-Arab", "az-Cyrl", "az-Latn".
+       The default script for az on Unix is Latin.  */
+    { "az-Latn", "az" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "ga-dots".  Does not yet exist on Unix.  */
+    { "ga-dots", "ga" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "kk-Cyrl".  Does not yet exist on Unix.  */
+    /* Mac OS X has "mn-Cyrl", "mn-Mong".
+       The default script for mn on Unix is Cyrillic.  */
+    { "mn-Cyrl", "mn" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "ms-Arab", "ms-Latn".
+       The default script for ms on Unix is Latin.  */
+    { "ms-Latn", "ms" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "tg-Cyrl".
+       The default script for tg on Unix is Cyrillic.  */
+    { "tg-Cyrl", "tg" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "tk-Cyrl".  Does not yet exist on Unix.  */
+    /* Mac OS X has "tt-Cyrl".
+       The default script for tt on Unix is Cyrillic.  */
+    { "tt-Cyrl", "tt" },
+    /* Mac OS X has "zh-Hans", "zh-Hant".
+       Country codes are used to distinguish these on Unix.  */
+    { "zh-Hans", "zh_CN" },
+    { "zh-Hant", "zh_TW" }
+  };
+
+  /* Convert script names (ISO 15924) to Unix conventions.
+     See http://www.unicode.org/iso15924/iso15924-codes.html  */
+  typedef struct { const char script[4+1]; const char unixy[9+1]; }
+          script_entry;
+  static const script_entry script_table[] = {
+    { "Arab", "arabic" },
+    { "Cyrl", "cyrillic" },
+    { "Mong", "mongolian" }
+  };
+
+  /* Step 1: Convert using legacy_table.  */
+  if (name[0] >= 'A' && name[0] <= 'Z')
+    {
+      unsigned int i1, i2;
+      i1 = 0;
+      i2 = sizeof (legacy_table) / sizeof (legacy_entry);
+      while (i2 - i1 > 1)
+        {
+          /* At this point we know that if name occurs in legacy_table,
+             its index must be >= i1 and < i2.  */
+          unsigned int i = (i1 + i2) >> 1;
+          const legacy_entry *p = &legacy_table[i];
+          if (strcmp (name, p->legacy) < 0)
+            i2 = i;
+          else
+            i1 = i;
+        }
+      if (strcmp (name, legacy_table[i1].legacy) == 0)
+        {
+          strcpy (name, legacy_table[i1].unixy);
+          return;
+        }
+    }
+
+  /* Step 2: Convert using langtag_table and script_table.  */
+  if (strlen (name) == 7 && name[2] == '-')
+    {
+      unsigned int i1, i2;
+      i1 = 0;
+      i2 = sizeof (langtag_table) / sizeof (langtag_entry);
+      while (i2 - i1 > 1)
+        {
+          /* At this point we know that if name occurs in langtag_table,
+             its index must be >= i1 and < i2.  */
+          unsigned int i = (i1 + i2) >> 1;
+          const langtag_entry *p = &langtag_table[i];
+          if (strcmp (name, p->langtag) < 0)
+            i2 = i;
+          else
+            i1 = i;
+        }
+      if (strcmp (name, langtag_table[i1].langtag) == 0)
+        {
+          strcpy (name, langtag_table[i1].unixy);
+          return;
+        }
+
+      i1 = 0;
+      i2 = sizeof (script_table) / sizeof (script_entry);
+      while (i2 - i1 > 1)
+        {
+          /* At this point we know that if (name + 3) occurs in script_table,
+             its index must be >= i1 and < i2.  */
+          unsigned int i = (i1 + i2) >> 1;
+          const script_entry *p = &script_table[i];
+          if (strcmp (name + 3, p->script) < 0)
+            i2 = i;
+          else
+            i1 = i;
+        }
+      if (strcmp (name + 3, script_table[i1].script) == 0)
+        {
+          name[2] = '@';
+          strcpy (name + 3, script_table[i1].unixy);
+          return;
+        }
+    }
+
+  /* Step 3: Convert new-style dash to Unix underscore. */
+  {
+    char *p;
+    for (p = name; *p != '\0'; p++)
+      if (*p == '-')
+        *p = '_';
+  }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined WINDOWS_NATIVE || defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows or Cygwin */
+
+/* Canonicalize a Windows native locale name to a Unix locale name.
+   NAME is a sufficiently large buffer.
+   On input, it contains the Windows locale name.
+   On output, it contains the Unix locale name.  */
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+static
+# endif
+void
+gl_locale_name_canonicalize (char *name)
+{
+  /* FIXME: This is probably incomplete: it does not handle "zh-Hans" and
+     "zh-Hant".  */
+  char *p;
+
+  for (p = name; *p != '\0'; p++)
+    if (*p == '-')
+      {
+        *p = '_';
+        p++;
+        for (; *p != '\0'; p++)
+          {
+            if (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z')
+              *p += 'A' - 'a';
+            if (*p == '-')
+              {
+                *p = '\0';
+                return;
+              }
+          }
+        return;
+      }
+}
+
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+static
+# endif
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID (LANGID langid)
+{
+  /* Activate the new code only when the GETTEXT_MUI environment variable is
+     set, for the time being, since the new code is not well tested.  */
+  if (getenv ("GETTEXT_MUI") != NULL)
+    {
+      static char namebuf[256];
+
+      /* Query the system's notion of locale name.
+         On Windows95/98/ME, GetLocaleInfoA returns some incorrect results.
+         But we don't need to support systems that are so old.  */
+      if (GetLocaleInfoA (MAKELCID (langid, SORT_DEFAULT), LOCALE_SNAME,
+                          namebuf, sizeof (namebuf) - 1))
+        {
+          /* Convert it to a Unix locale name.  */
+          gl_locale_name_canonicalize (namebuf);
+          return namebuf;
+        }
+    }
+  /* Internet Explorer has an LCID to RFC3066 name mapping stored in
+     HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Mime\Database\Rfc1766.  But we better don't use that
+     since IE's i18n subsystem is known to be inconsistent with the native
+     Windows base (e.g. they have different character conversion facilities
+     that produce different results).  */
+  /* Use our own table.  */
+  {
+    int primary, sub;
+
+    /* Split into language and territory part.  */
+    primary = PRIMARYLANGID (langid);
+    sub = SUBLANGID (langid);
+
+    /* Dispatch on language.
+       See also http://www.unicode.org/unicode/onlinedat/languages.html .
+       For details about languages, see http://www.ethnologue.com/ .  */
+    switch (primary)
+      {
+      case LANG_AFRIKAANS:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_AFRIKAANS_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "af_ZA";
+          }
+        return "af";
+      case LANG_ALBANIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ALBANIAN_ALBANIA: return "sq_AL";
+          }
+        return "sq";
+      case LANG_ALSATIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ALSATIAN_FRANCE: return "gsw_FR";
+          }
+        return "gsw";
+      case LANG_AMHARIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_AMHARIC_ETHIOPIA: return "am_ET";
+          }
+        return "am";
+      case LANG_ARABIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_SAUDI_ARABIA: return "ar_SA";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_IRAQ: return "ar_IQ";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_EGYPT: return "ar_EG";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_LIBYA: return "ar_LY";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_ALGERIA: return "ar_DZ";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_MOROCCO: return "ar_MA";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_TUNISIA: return "ar_TN";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_OMAN: return "ar_OM";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_YEMEN: return "ar_YE";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_SYRIA: return "ar_SY";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_JORDAN: return "ar_JO";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_LEBANON: return "ar_LB";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_KUWAIT: return "ar_KW";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_UAE: return "ar_AE";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_BAHRAIN: return "ar_BH";
+          case SUBLANG_ARABIC_QATAR: return "ar_QA";
+          }
+        return "ar";
+      case LANG_ARMENIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ARMENIAN_ARMENIA: return "hy_AM";
+          }
+        return "hy";
+      case LANG_ASSAMESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ASSAMESE_INDIA: return "as_IN";
+          }
+        return "as";
+      case LANG_AZERI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* FIXME: Adjust this when Azerbaijani locales appear on Unix.  */
+          case 0x1e: return "az@latin";
+          case SUBLANG_AZERI_LATIN: return "az_AZ@latin";
+          case 0x1d: return "az@cyrillic";
+          case SUBLANG_AZERI_CYRILLIC: return "az_AZ@cyrillic";
+          }
+        return "az";
+      case LANG_BASHKIR:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BASHKIR_RUSSIA: return "ba_RU";
+          }
+        return "ba";
+      case LANG_BASQUE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BASQUE_BASQUE: return "eu_ES";
+          }
+        return "eu"; /* Ambiguous: could be "eu_ES" or "eu_FR".  */
+      case LANG_BELARUSIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BELARUSIAN_BELARUS: return "be_BY";
+          }
+        return "be";
+      case LANG_BENGALI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BENGALI_INDIA: return "bn_IN";
+          case SUBLANG_BENGALI_BANGLADESH: return "bn_BD";
+          }
+        return "bn";
+      case LANG_BRETON:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BRETON_FRANCE: return "br_FR";
+          }
+        return "br";
+      case LANG_BULGARIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_BULGARIAN_BULGARIA: return "bg_BG";
+          }
+        return "bg";
+      case LANG_BURMESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "my_MM";
+          }
+        return "my";
+      case LANG_CAMBODIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_CAMBODIAN_CAMBODIA: return "km_KH";
+          }
+        return "km";
+      case LANG_CATALAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_CATALAN_SPAIN: return "ca_ES";
+          }
+        return "ca";
+      case LANG_CHEROKEE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "chr_US";
+          }
+        return "chr";
+      case LANG_CHINESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_CHINESE_TRADITIONAL: case 0x1f: return "zh_TW";
+          case SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED: case 0x00: return "zh_CN";
+          case SUBLANG_CHINESE_HONGKONG: return "zh_HK"; /* traditional */
+          case SUBLANG_CHINESE_SINGAPORE: return "zh_SG"; /* simplified */
+          case SUBLANG_CHINESE_MACAU: return "zh_MO"; /* traditional */
+          }
+        return "zh";
+      case LANG_CORSICAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_CORSICAN_FRANCE: return "co_FR";
+          }
+        return "co";
+      case LANG_CROATIAN:      /* LANG_CROATIAN == LANG_SERBIAN == LANG_BOSNIAN
+                                * What used to be called Serbo-Croatian
+                                * should really now be two separate
+                                * languages because of political reasons.
+                                * (Says tml, who knows nothing about Serbian
+                                * or Croatian.)
+                                * (I can feel those flames coming already.)
+                                */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* Croatian */
+          case 0x00: return "hr";
+          case SUBLANG_CROATIAN_CROATIA: return "hr_HR";
+          case SUBLANG_CROATIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN: return "hr_BA";
+          /* Serbian */
+          case 0x1f: return "sr";
+          case 0x1c: return "sr"; /* latin */
+          case SUBLANG_SERBIAN_LATIN: return "sr_CS"; /* latin */
+          case 0x09: return "sr_RS"; /* latin */
+          case 0x0b: return "sr_ME"; /* latin */
+          case 0x06: return "sr_BA"; /* latin */
+          case 0x1b: return "sr@cyrillic";
+          case SUBLANG_SERBIAN_CYRILLIC: return "sr_CS@cyrillic";
+          case 0x0a: return "sr_RS@cyrillic";
+          case 0x0c: return "sr_ME@cyrillic";
+          case 0x07: return "sr_BA@cyrillic";
+          /* Bosnian */
+          case 0x1e: return "bs";
+          case 0x1a: return "bs"; /* latin */
+          case SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_LATIN: return "bs_BA"; /* latin */
+          case 0x19: return "bs@cyrillic";
+          case SUBLANG_BOSNIAN_BOSNIA_HERZEGOVINA_CYRILLIC: return "bs_BA@cyrillic";
+          }
+        return "hr";
+      case LANG_CZECH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_CZECH_CZECH_REPUBLIC: return "cs_CZ";
+          }
+        return "cs";
+      case LANG_DANISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DANISH_DENMARK: return "da_DK";
+          }
+        return "da";
+      case LANG_DARI:
+        /* FIXME: Adjust this when such locales appear on Unix.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DARI_AFGHANISTAN: return "prs_AF";
+          }
+        return "prs";
+      case LANG_DIVEHI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DIVEHI_MALDIVES: return "dv_MV";
+          }
+        return "dv";
+      case LANG_DUTCH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DUTCH: return "nl_NL";
+          case SUBLANG_DUTCH_BELGIAN: /* FLEMISH, VLAAMS */ return "nl_BE";
+          case SUBLANG_DUTCH_SURINAM: return "nl_SR";
+          }
+        return "nl";
+      case LANG_EDO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "bin_NG";
+          }
+        return "bin";
+      case LANG_ENGLISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US == SUBLANG_DEFAULT. Heh. I thought
+           * English was the language spoken in England.
+           * Oh well.
+           */
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US: return "en_US";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_UK: return "en_GB";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_AUS: return "en_AU";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_CAN: return "en_CA";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_NZ: return "en_NZ";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_EIRE: return "en_IE";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "en_ZA";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_JAMAICA: return "en_JM";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_CARIBBEAN: return "en_GD"; /* Grenada? */
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_BELIZE: return "en_BZ";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_TRINIDAD: return "en_TT";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_ZIMBABWE: return "en_ZW";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_PHILIPPINES: return "en_PH";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDONESIA: return "en_ID";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_HONGKONG: return "en_HK";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_INDIA: return "en_IN";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_MALAYSIA: return "en_MY";
+          case SUBLANG_ENGLISH_SINGAPORE: return "en_SG";
+          }
+        return "en";
+      case LANG_ESTONIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ESTONIAN_ESTONIA: return "et_EE";
+          }
+        return "et";
+      case LANG_FAEROESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_FAEROESE_FAROE_ISLANDS: return "fo_FO";
+          }
+        return "fo";
+      case LANG_FARSI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_FARSI_IRAN: return "fa_IR";
+          }
+        return "fa";
+      case LANG_FINNISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_FINNISH_FINLAND: return "fi_FI";
+          }
+        return "fi";
+      case LANG_FRENCH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH: return "fr_FR";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_BELGIAN: /* WALLOON */ return "fr_BE";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_CANADIAN: return "fr_CA";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_SWISS: return "fr_CH";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_LUXEMBOURG: return "fr_LU";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_MONACO: return "fr_MC";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_WESTINDIES: return "fr"; /* Caribbean? */
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_REUNION: return "fr_RE";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_CONGO: return "fr_CG";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_SENEGAL: return "fr_SN";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_CAMEROON: return "fr_CM";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_COTEDIVOIRE: return "fr_CI";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_MALI: return "fr_ML";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_MOROCCO: return "fr_MA";
+          case SUBLANG_FRENCH_HAITI: return "fr_HT";
+          }
+        return "fr";
+      case LANG_FRISIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_FRISIAN_NETHERLANDS: return "fy_NL";
+          }
+        return "fy";
+      case LANG_FULFULDE:
+        /* Spoken in Nigeria, Guinea, Senegal, Mali, Niger, Cameroon, Benin.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "ff_NG";
+          }
+        return "ff";
+      case LANG_GAELIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x01: /* SCOTTISH */
+            /* old, superseded by LANG_SCOTTISH_GAELIC */
+            return "gd_GB";
+          case SUBLANG_IRISH_IRELAND: return "ga_IE";
+          }
+        return "ga";
+      case LANG_GALICIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GALICIAN_SPAIN: return "gl_ES";
+          }
+        return "gl";
+      case LANG_GEORGIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GEORGIAN_GEORGIA: return "ka_GE";
+          }
+        return "ka";
+      case LANG_GERMAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GERMAN: return "de_DE";
+          case SUBLANG_GERMAN_SWISS: return "de_CH";
+          case SUBLANG_GERMAN_AUSTRIAN: return "de_AT";
+          case SUBLANG_GERMAN_LUXEMBOURG: return "de_LU";
+          case SUBLANG_GERMAN_LIECHTENSTEIN: return "de_LI";
+          }
+        return "de";
+      case LANG_GREEK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GREEK_GREECE: return "el_GR";
+          }
+        return "el";
+      case LANG_GREENLANDIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GREENLANDIC_GREENLAND: return "kl_GL";
+          }
+        return "kl";
+      case LANG_GUARANI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "gn_PY";
+          }
+        return "gn";
+      case LANG_GUJARATI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_GUJARATI_INDIA: return "gu_IN";
+          }
+        return "gu";
+      case LANG_HAUSA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x1f: return "ha";
+          case SUBLANG_HAUSA_NIGERIA_LATIN: return "ha_NG";
+          }
+        return "ha";
+      case LANG_HAWAIIAN:
+        /* FIXME: Do they mean Hawaiian ("haw_US", 1000 speakers)
+           or Hawaii Creole English ("cpe_US", 600000 speakers)?  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "cpe_US";
+          }
+        return "cpe";
+      case LANG_HEBREW:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_HEBREW_ISRAEL: return "he_IL";
+          }
+        return "he";
+      case LANG_HINDI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_HINDI_INDIA: return "hi_IN";
+          }
+        return "hi";
+      case LANG_HUNGARIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_HUNGARIAN_HUNGARY: return "hu_HU";
+          }
+        return "hu";
+      case LANG_IBIBIO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "nic_NG";
+          }
+        return "nic";
+      case LANG_ICELANDIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ICELANDIC_ICELAND: return "is_IS";
+          }
+        return "is";
+      case LANG_IGBO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_IGBO_NIGERIA: return "ig_NG";
+          }
+        return "ig";
+      case LANG_INDONESIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_INDONESIAN_INDONESIA: return "id_ID";
+          }
+        return "id";
+      case LANG_INUKTITUT:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x1e: return "iu"; /* syllabic */
+          case SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA: return "iu_CA"; /* syllabic */
+          case 0x1f: return "iu@latin";
+          case SUBLANG_INUKTITUT_CANADA_LATIN: return "iu_CA@latin";
+          }
+        return "iu";
+      case LANG_ITALIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ITALIAN: return "it_IT";
+          case SUBLANG_ITALIAN_SWISS: return "it_CH";
+          }
+        return "it";
+      case LANG_JAPANESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_JAPANESE_JAPAN: return "ja_JP";
+          }
+        return "ja";
+      case LANG_KANNADA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KANNADA_INDIA: return "kn_IN";
+          }
+        return "kn";
+      case LANG_KANURI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "kr_NG";
+          }
+        return "kr";
+      case LANG_KASHMIRI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "ks_PK";
+          case SUBLANG_KASHMIRI_INDIA: return "ks_IN";
+          }
+        return "ks";
+      case LANG_KAZAK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KAZAK_KAZAKHSTAN: return "kk_KZ";
+          }
+        return "kk";
+      case LANG_KICHE:
+        /* FIXME: Adjust this when such locales appear on Unix.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KICHE_GUATEMALA: return "qut_GT";
+          }
+        return "qut";
+      case LANG_KINYARWANDA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KINYARWANDA_RWANDA: return "rw_RW";
+          }
+        return "rw";
+      case LANG_KONKANI:
+        /* FIXME: Adjust this when such locales appear on Unix.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KONKANI_INDIA: return "kok_IN";
+          }
+        return "kok";
+      case LANG_KOREAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "ko_KR";
+          }
+        return "ko";
+      case LANG_KYRGYZ:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_KYRGYZ_KYRGYZSTAN: return "ky_KG";
+          }
+        return "ky";
+      case LANG_LAO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_LAO_LAOS: return "lo_LA";
+          }
+        return "lo";
+      case LANG_LATIN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "la_VA";
+          }
+        return "la";
+      case LANG_LATVIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_LATVIAN_LATVIA: return "lv_LV";
+          }
+        return "lv";
+      case LANG_LITHUANIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_LITHUANIAN_LITHUANIA: return "lt_LT";
+          }
+        return "lt";
+      case LANG_LUXEMBOURGISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_LUXEMBOURGISH_LUXEMBOURG: return "lb_LU";
+          }
+        return "lb";
+      case LANG_MACEDONIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MACEDONIAN_MACEDONIA: return "mk_MK";
+          }
+        return "mk";
+      case LANG_MALAY:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MALAY_MALAYSIA: return "ms_MY";
+          case SUBLANG_MALAY_BRUNEI_DARUSSALAM: return "ms_BN";
+          }
+        return "ms";
+      case LANG_MALAYALAM:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MALAYALAM_INDIA: return "ml_IN";
+          }
+        return "ml";
+      case LANG_MALTESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MALTESE_MALTA: return "mt_MT";
+          }
+        return "mt";
+      case LANG_MANIPURI:
+        /* FIXME: Adjust this when such locales appear on Unix.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "mni_IN";
+          }
+        return "mni";
+      case LANG_MAORI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MAORI_NEW_ZEALAND: return "mi_NZ";
+          }
+        return "mi";
+      case LANG_MAPUDUNGUN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MAPUDUNGUN_CHILE: return "arn_CL";
+          }
+        return "arn";
+      case LANG_MARATHI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MARATHI_INDIA: return "mr_IN";
+          }
+        return "mr";
+      case LANG_MOHAWK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MOHAWK_CANADA: return "moh_CA";
+          }
+        return "moh";
+      case LANG_MONGOLIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_CYRILLIC_MONGOLIA: case 0x1e: return "mn_MN";
+          case SUBLANG_MONGOLIAN_PRC: case 0x1f: return "mn_CN";
+          }
+        return "mn"; /* Ambiguous: could be "mn_CN" or "mn_MN".  */
+      case LANG_NEPALI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_NEPALI_NEPAL: return "ne_NP";
+          case SUBLANG_NEPALI_INDIA: return "ne_IN";
+          }
+        return "ne";
+      case LANG_NORWEGIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x1f: return "nb";
+          case SUBLANG_NORWEGIAN_BOKMAL: return "nb_NO";
+          case 0x1e: return "nn";
+          case SUBLANG_NORWEGIAN_NYNORSK: return "nn_NO";
+          }
+        return "no";
+      case LANG_OCCITAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_OCCITAN_FRANCE: return "oc_FR";
+          }
+        return "oc";
+      case LANG_ORIYA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ORIYA_INDIA: return "or_IN";
+          }
+        return "or";
+      case LANG_OROMO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "om_ET";
+          }
+        return "om";
+      case LANG_PAPIAMENTU:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "pap_AN";
+          }
+        return "pap";
+      case LANG_PASHTO:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_PASHTO_AFGHANISTAN: return "ps_AF";
+          }
+        return "ps"; /* Ambiguous: could be "ps_PK" or "ps_AF".  */
+      case LANG_POLISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_POLISH_POLAND: return "pl_PL";
+          }
+        return "pl";
+      case LANG_PORTUGUESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* Hmm. SUBLANG_PORTUGUESE_BRAZILIAN == SUBLANG_DEFAULT.
+             Same phenomenon as SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US == SUBLANG_DEFAULT. */
+          case SUBLANG_PORTUGUESE_BRAZILIAN: return "pt_BR";
+          case SUBLANG_PORTUGUESE: return "pt_PT";
+          }
+        return "pt";
+      case LANG_PUNJABI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_PUNJABI_INDIA: return "pa_IN"; /* Gurmukhi script */
+          case SUBLANG_PUNJABI_PAKISTAN: return "pa_PK"; /* Arabic script */
+          }
+        return "pa";
+      case LANG_QUECHUA:
+        /* Note: Microsoft uses the non-ISO language code "quz".  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_QUECHUA_BOLIVIA: return "qu_BO";
+          case SUBLANG_QUECHUA_ECUADOR: return "qu_EC";
+          case SUBLANG_QUECHUA_PERU: return "qu_PE";
+          }
+        return "qu";
+      case LANG_ROMANIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_ROMANIA: return "ro_RO";
+          case SUBLANG_ROMANIAN_MOLDOVA: return "ro_MD";
+          }
+        return "ro";
+      case LANG_ROMANSH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ROMANSH_SWITZERLAND: return "rm_CH";
+          }
+        return "rm";
+      case LANG_RUSSIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_RUSSIA: return "ru_RU";
+          case SUBLANG_RUSSIAN_MOLDAVIA: return "ru_MD";
+          }
+        return "ru"; /* Ambiguous: could be "ru_RU" or "ru_UA" or "ru_MD".  */
+      case LANG_SAMI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* Northern Sami */
+          case 0x00: return "se";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_NORWAY: return "se_NO";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_SWEDEN: return "se_SE";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_NORTHERN_FINLAND: return "se_FI";
+          /* Lule Sami */
+          case 0x1f: return "smj";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_NORWAY: return "smj_NO";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_LULE_SWEDEN: return "smj_SE";
+          /* Southern Sami */
+          case 0x1e: return "sma";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_NORWAY: return "sma_NO";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_SOUTHERN_SWEDEN: return "sma_SE";
+          /* Skolt Sami */
+          case 0x1d: return "sms";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_SKOLT_FINLAND: return "sms_FI";
+          /* Inari Sami */
+          case 0x1c: return "smn";
+          case SUBLANG_SAMI_INARI_FINLAND: return "smn_FI";
+          }
+        return "se"; /* or "smi"? */
+      case LANG_SANSKRIT:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SANSKRIT_INDIA: return "sa_IN";
+          }
+        return "sa";
+      case LANG_SCOTTISH_GAELIC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "gd_GB";
+          }
+        return "gd";
+      case LANG_SINDHI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SINDHI_INDIA: return "sd_IN";
+          case SUBLANG_SINDHI_PAKISTAN: return "sd_PK";
+          /*case SUBLANG_SINDHI_AFGHANISTAN: return "sd_AF";*/
+          }
+        return "sd";
+      case LANG_SINHALESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SINHALESE_SRI_LANKA: return "si_LK";
+          }
+        return "si";
+      case LANG_SLOVAK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SLOVAK_SLOVAKIA: return "sk_SK";
+          }
+        return "sk";
+      case LANG_SLOVENIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SLOVENIAN_SLOVENIA: return "sl_SI";
+          }
+        return "sl";
+      case LANG_SOMALI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "so_SO";
+          }
+        return "so";
+      case LANG_SORBIAN:
+        /* FIXME: Adjust this when such locales appear on Unix.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* Upper Sorbian */
+          case 0x00: return "hsb";
+          case SUBLANG_UPPER_SORBIAN_GERMANY: return "hsb_DE";
+          /* Lower Sorbian */
+          case 0x1f: return "dsb";
+          case SUBLANG_LOWER_SORBIAN_GERMANY: return "dsb_DE";
+          }
+        return "wen";
+      case LANG_SOTHO:
+        /* <http://www.microsoft.com/globaldev/reference/lcid-all.mspx> calls
+           it "Sepedi"; according to
+           <http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=nso>
+           <http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=sot>
+           it's the same as Northern Sotho.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SOTHO_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "nso_ZA";
+          }
+        return "nso";
+      case LANG_SPANISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH: return "es_ES";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_MEXICAN: return "es_MX";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_MODERN:
+            return "es_ES@modern";      /* not seen on Unix */
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_GUATEMALA: return "es_GT";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_COSTA_RICA: return "es_CR";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_PANAMA: return "es_PA";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_DOMINICAN_REPUBLIC: return "es_DO";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_VENEZUELA: return "es_VE";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_COLOMBIA: return "es_CO";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_PERU: return "es_PE";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_ARGENTINA: return "es_AR";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_ECUADOR: return "es_EC";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_CHILE: return "es_CL";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_URUGUAY: return "es_UY";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_PARAGUAY: return "es_PY";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_BOLIVIA: return "es_BO";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_EL_SALVADOR: return "es_SV";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_HONDURAS: return "es_HN";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_NICARAGUA: return "es_NI";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_PUERTO_RICO: return "es_PR";
+          case SUBLANG_SPANISH_US: return "es_US";
+          }
+        return "es";
+      case LANG_SUTU:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "bnt_TZ"; /* or "st_LS" or "nso_ZA"? */
+          }
+        return "bnt";
+      case LANG_SWAHILI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SWAHILI_KENYA: return "sw_KE";
+          }
+        return "sw";
+      case LANG_SWEDISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SWEDISH_SWEDEN: return "sv_SE";
+          case SUBLANG_SWEDISH_FINLAND: return "sv_FI";
+          }
+        return "sv";
+      case LANG_SYRIAC:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_SYRIAC_SYRIA: return "syr_SY"; /* An extinct language.  */
+          }
+        return "syr";
+      case LANG_TAGALOG:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TAGALOG_PHILIPPINES: return "tl_PH"; /* or "fil_PH"? */
+          }
+        return "tl"; /* or "fil"? */
+      case LANG_TAJIK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x1f: return "tg";
+          case SUBLANG_TAJIK_TAJIKISTAN: return "tg_TJ";
+          }
+        return "tg";
+      case LANG_TAMAZIGHT:
+        /* Note: Microsoft uses the non-ISO language code "tmz".  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          /* FIXME: Adjust this when Tamazight locales appear on Unix.  */
+          case SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ARABIC: return "ber_MA@arabic";
+          case 0x1f: return "ber@latin";
+          case SUBLANG_TAMAZIGHT_ALGERIA_LATIN: return "ber_DZ@latin";
+          }
+        return "ber";
+      case LANG_TAMIL:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TAMIL_INDIA: return "ta_IN";
+          }
+        return "ta"; /* Ambiguous: could be "ta_IN" or "ta_LK" or "ta_SG".  */
+      case LANG_TATAR:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TATAR_RUSSIA: return "tt_RU";
+          }
+        return "tt";
+      case LANG_TELUGU:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TELUGU_INDIA: return "te_IN";
+          }
+        return "te";
+      case LANG_THAI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_THAI_THAILAND: return "th_TH";
+          }
+        return "th";
+      case LANG_TIBETAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TIBETAN_PRC:
+            /* Most Tibetans would not like "bo_CN".  But Tibet does not yet
+               have a country code of its own.  */
+            return "bo";
+          case SUBLANG_TIBETAN_BHUTAN: return "bo_BT";
+          }
+        return "bo";
+      case LANG_TIGRINYA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ETHIOPIA: return "ti_ET";
+          case SUBLANG_TIGRINYA_ERITREA: return "ti_ER";
+          }
+        return "ti";
+      case LANG_TSONGA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "ts_ZA";
+          }
+        return "ts";
+      case LANG_TSWANA:
+        /* Spoken in South Africa, Botswana.  */
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TSWANA_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "tn_ZA";
+          }
+        return "tn";
+      case LANG_TURKISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TURKISH_TURKEY: return "tr_TR";
+          }
+        return "tr";
+      case LANG_TURKMEN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_TURKMEN_TURKMENISTAN: return "tk_TM";
+          }
+        return "tk";
+      case LANG_UIGHUR:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_UIGHUR_PRC: return "ug_CN";
+          }
+        return "ug";
+      case LANG_UKRAINIAN:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_UKRAINIAN_UKRAINE: return "uk_UA";
+          }
+        return "uk";
+      case LANG_URDU:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_URDU_PAKISTAN: return "ur_PK";
+          case SUBLANG_URDU_INDIA: return "ur_IN";
+          }
+        return "ur";
+      case LANG_UZBEK:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case 0x1f: return "uz";
+          case SUBLANG_UZBEK_LATIN: return "uz_UZ";
+          case 0x1e: return "uz@cyrillic";
+          case SUBLANG_UZBEK_CYRILLIC: return "uz_UZ@cyrillic";
+          }
+        return "uz";
+      case LANG_VENDA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "ve_ZA";
+          }
+        return "ve";
+      case LANG_VIETNAMESE:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_VIETNAMESE_VIETNAM: return "vi_VN";
+          }
+        return "vi";
+      case LANG_WELSH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_WELSH_UNITED_KINGDOM: return "cy_GB";
+          }
+        return "cy";
+      case LANG_WOLOF:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_WOLOF_SENEGAL: return "wo_SN";
+          }
+        return "wo";
+      case LANG_XHOSA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_XHOSA_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "xh_ZA";
+          }
+        return "xh";
+      case LANG_YAKUT:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_YAKUT_RUSSIA: return "sah_RU";
+          }
+        return "sah";
+      case LANG_YI:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_YI_PRC: return "ii_CN";
+          }
+        return "ii";
+      case LANG_YIDDISH:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_DEFAULT: return "yi_IL";
+          }
+        return "yi";
+      case LANG_YORUBA:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_YORUBA_NIGERIA: return "yo_NG";
+          }
+        return "yo";
+      case LANG_ZULU:
+        switch (sub)
+          {
+          case SUBLANG_ZULU_SOUTH_AFRICA: return "zu_ZA";
+          }
+        return "zu";
+      default: return "C";
+      }
+  }
+}
+
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+static
+# endif
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_from_win32_LCID (LCID lcid)
+{
+  LANGID langid;
+
+  /* Strip off the sorting rules, keep only the language part.  */
+  langid = LANGIDFROMLCID (lcid);
+
+  return gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID (langid);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if HAVE_USELOCALE /* glibc or Mac OS X */
+
+/* Simple hash set of strings.  We don't want to drag in lots of hash table
+   code here.  */
+
+# define SIZE_BITS (sizeof (size_t) * CHAR_BIT)
+
+/* A hash function for NUL-terminated char* strings using
+   the method described by Bruno Haible.
+   See http://www.haible.de/bruno/hashfunc.html.  */
+static size_t
+string_hash (const void *x)
+{
+  const char *s = (const char *) x;
+  size_t h = 0;
+
+  for (; *s; s++)
+    h = *s + ((h << 9) | (h >> (SIZE_BITS - 9)));
+
+  return h;
+}
+
+/* A hash table of fixed size.  Multiple threads can access it read-only
+   simultaneously, but only one thread can insert into it at the same time.  */
+
+/* A node in a hash bucket collision list.  */
+struct hash_node
+  {
+    struct hash_node * volatile next;
+    char contents[100]; /* has variable size */
+  };
+
+# define HASH_TABLE_SIZE 257
+static struct hash_node * volatile struniq_hash_table[HASH_TABLE_SIZE]
+  /* = { NULL, ..., NULL } */;
+
+/* This lock protects the struniq_hash_table against multiple simultaneous
+   insertions.  */
+gl_lock_define_initialized(static, struniq_lock)
+
+/* Store a copy of the given string in a string pool with indefinite extent.
+   Return a pointer to this copy.  */
+static const char *
+struniq (const char *string)
+{
+  size_t hashcode = string_hash (string);
+  size_t slot = hashcode % HASH_TABLE_SIZE;
+  size_t size;
+  struct hash_node *new_node;
+  struct hash_node *p;
+  for (p = struniq_hash_table[slot]; p != NULL; p = p->next)
+    if (strcmp (p->contents, string) == 0)
+      return p->contents;
+  size = strlen (string) + 1;
+  new_node =
+    (struct hash_node *)
+    malloc (offsetof (struct hash_node, contents[0]) + size);
+  if (new_node == NULL)
+    /* Out of memory.  Return a statically allocated string.  */
+    return "C";
+  memcpy (new_node->contents, string, size);
+  /* Lock while inserting new_node.  */
+  gl_lock_lock (struniq_lock);
+  /* Check whether another thread already added the string while we were
+     waiting on the lock.  */
+  for (p = struniq_hash_table[slot]; p != NULL; p = p->next)
+    if (strcmp (p->contents, string) == 0)
+      {
+        free (new_node);
+        new_node = p;
+        goto done;
+      }
+  /* Really insert new_node into the hash table.  Fill new_node entirely first,
+     because other threads may be iterating over the linked list.  */
+  new_node->next = struniq_hash_table[slot];
+  struniq_hash_table[slot] = new_node;
+ done:
+  /* Unlock after new_node is inserted.  */
+  gl_lock_unlock (struniq_lock);
+  return new_node->contents;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined IN_LIBINTL || HAVE_USELOCALE
+
+/* Like gl_locale_name_thread, except that the result is not in storage of
+   indefinite extent.  */
+# if !defined IN_LIBINTL
+static
+# endif
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_thread_unsafe (int category, const char *categoryname)
+{
+# if HAVE_USELOCALE
+  {
+    locale_t thread_locale = uselocale (NULL);
+    if (thread_locale != LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE)
+      {
+#  if __GLIBC__ >= 2 && !defined __UCLIBC__
+        /* Work around an incorrect definition of the _NL_LOCALE_NAME macro in
+           glibc < 2.12.
+           See <http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10968>.  */
+        const char *name =
+          nl_langinfo (_NL_ITEM ((category), _NL_ITEM_INDEX (-1)));
+        if (name[0] == '\0')
+          /* Fallback code for glibc < 2.4, which did not implement
+             nl_langinfo (_NL_LOCALE_NAME (category)).  */
+          name = thread_locale->__names[category];
+        return name;
+#  elif defined __FreeBSD__ || (defined __APPLE__ && defined __MACH__)
+        /* FreeBSD, Mac OS X */
+        int mask;
+
+        switch (category)
+          {
+          case LC_CTYPE:
+            mask = LC_CTYPE_MASK;
+            break;
+          case LC_NUMERIC:
+            mask = LC_NUMERIC_MASK;
+            break;
+          case LC_TIME:
+            mask = LC_TIME_MASK;
+            break;
+          case LC_COLLATE:
+            mask = LC_COLLATE_MASK;
+            break;
+          case LC_MONETARY:
+            mask = LC_MONETARY_MASK;
+            break;
+          case LC_MESSAGES:
+            mask = LC_MESSAGES_MASK;
+            break;
+          default: /* We shouldn't get here.  */
+            return "";
+          }
+        return querylocale (mask, thread_locale);
+#  endif
+      }
+  }
+# endif
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_thread (int category, const char *categoryname)
+{
+#if HAVE_USELOCALE
+  const char *name = gl_locale_name_thread_unsafe (category, categoryname);
+  if (name != NULL)
+    return struniq (name);
+#endif
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* XPG3 defines the result of 'setlocale (category, NULL)' as:
+   "Directs 'setlocale()' to query 'category' and return the current
+    setting of 'local'."
+   However it does not specify the exact format.  Neither do SUSV2 and
+   ISO C 99.  So we can use this feature only on selected systems (e.g.
+   those using GNU C Library).  */
+#if defined _LIBC || ((defined __GLIBC__ && __GLIBC__ >= 2) && !defined __UCLIBC__)
+# define HAVE_LOCALE_NULL
+#endif
+
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_posix (int category, const char *categoryname)
+{
+  /* Use the POSIX methods of looking to 'LC_ALL', 'LC_xxx', and 'LANG'.
+     On some systems this can be done by the 'setlocale' function itself.  */
+#if defined HAVE_SETLOCALE && defined HAVE_LC_MESSAGES && defined HAVE_LOCALE_NULL
+  return setlocale (category, NULL);
+#else
+  /* On other systems we ignore what setlocale reports and instead look at the
+     environment variables directly.  This is necessary
+       1. on systems which have a facility for customizing the default locale
+          (Mac OS X, native Windows, Cygwin) and where the system's setlocale()
+          function ignores this default locale (Mac OS X, Cygwin), in two cases:
+          a. when the user missed to use the setlocale() override from libintl
+             (for example by not including <libintl.h>),
+          b. when setlocale supports only the "C" locale, such as on Cygwin
+             1.5.x.  In this case even the override from libintl cannot help.
+       2. on all systems where setlocale supports only the "C" locale.  */
+  /* Strictly speaking, it is a POSIX violation to look at the environment
+     variables regardless whether setlocale has been called or not.  POSIX
+     says:
+         "For C-language programs, the POSIX locale shall be the
+          default locale when the setlocale() function is not called."
+     But we assume that all programs that use internationalized APIs call
+     setlocale (LC_ALL, "").  */
+  return gl_locale_name_environ (category, categoryname);
+#endif
+}
+
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_environ (int category, const char *categoryname)
+{
+  const char *retval;
+
+  /* Setting of LC_ALL overrides all other.  */
+  retval = getenv ("LC_ALL");
+  if (retval != NULL && retval[0] != '\0')
+    return retval;
+  /* Next comes the name of the desired category.  */
+  retval = getenv (categoryname);
+  if (retval != NULL && retval[0] != '\0')
+    return retval;
+  /* Last possibility is the LANG environment variable.  */
+  retval = getenv ("LANG");
+  if (retval != NULL && retval[0] != '\0')
+    {
+#if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT || HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE
+      /* Mac OS X 10.2 or newer.
+         Ignore invalid LANG value set by the Terminal application.  */
+      if (strcmp (retval, "UTF-8") != 0)
+#endif
+#if defined __CYGWIN__
+      /* Cygwin.
+         Ignore dummy LANG value set by ~/.profile.  */
+      if (strcmp (retval, "C.UTF-8") != 0)
+#endif
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+const char *
+gl_locale_name_default (void)
+{
+  /* POSIX:2001 says:
+     "All implementations shall define a locale as the default locale, to be
+      invoked when no environment variables are set, or set to the empty
+      string.  This default locale can be the POSIX locale or any other
+      implementation-defined locale.  Some implementations may provide
+      facilities for local installation administrators to set the default
+      locale, customizing it for each location.  POSIX:2001 does not require
+      such a facility.
+
+     The systems with such a facility are Mac OS X and Windows: They provide a
+     GUI that allows the user to choose a locale.
+       - On Mac OS X, by default, none of LC_* or LANG are set.  Starting with
+         Mac OS X 10.4 or 10.5, LANG is set for processes launched by the
+         'Terminal' application (but sometimes to an incorrect value "UTF-8").
+         When no environment variable is set, setlocale (LC_ALL, "") uses the
+         "C" locale.
+       - On native Windows, by default, none of LC_* or LANG are set.
+         When no environment variable is set, setlocale (LC_ALL, "") uses the
+         locale chosen by the user.
+       - On Cygwin 1.5.x, by default, none of LC_* or LANG are set.
+         When no environment variable is set, setlocale (LC_ALL, "") uses the
+         "C" locale.
+       - On Cygwin 1.7, by default, LANG is set to "C.UTF-8" when the default
+         ~/.profile is executed.
+         When no environment variable is set, setlocale (LC_ALL, "") uses the
+         "C.UTF-8" locale, which operates in the same way as the "C" locale.
+  */
+
+#if !(HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT || HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE || defined WINDOWS_NATIVE || defined __CYGWIN__)
+
+  /* The system does not have a way of setting the locale, other than the
+     POSIX specified environment variables.  We use C as default locale.  */
+  return "C";
+
+#else
+
+  /* Return an XPG style locale name language[_territory][@modifier].
+     Don't even bother determining the codeset; it's not useful in this
+     context, because message catalogs are not specific to a single
+     codeset.  */
+
+# if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT || HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE
+  /* Mac OS X 10.2 or newer */
+  {
+    /* Cache the locale name, since CoreFoundation calls are expensive.  */
+    static const char *cached_localename;
+
+    if (cached_localename == NULL)
+      {
+        char namebuf[256];
+#  if HAVE_CFLOCALECOPYCURRENT /* Mac OS X 10.3 or newer */
+        CFLocaleRef locale = CFLocaleCopyCurrent ();
+        CFStringRef name = CFLocaleGetIdentifier (locale);
+
+        if (CFStringGetCString (name, namebuf, sizeof (namebuf),
+                                kCFStringEncodingASCII))
+          {
+            gl_locale_name_canonicalize (namebuf);
+            cached_localename = strdup (namebuf);
+          }
+        CFRelease (locale);
+#  elif HAVE_CFPREFERENCESCOPYAPPVALUE /* Mac OS X 10.2 or newer */
+        CFTypeRef value =
+          CFPreferencesCopyAppValue (CFSTR ("AppleLocale"),
+                                     kCFPreferencesCurrentApplication);
+        if (value != NULL
+            && CFGetTypeID (value) == CFStringGetTypeID ()
+            && CFStringGetCString ((CFStringRef)value,
+                                   namebuf, sizeof (namebuf),
+                                   kCFStringEncodingASCII))
+          {
+            gl_locale_name_canonicalize (namebuf);
+            cached_localename = strdup (namebuf);
+          }
+#  endif
+        if (cached_localename == NULL)
+          cached_localename = "C";
+      }
+    return cached_localename;
+  }
+
+# endif
+
+# if defined WINDOWS_NATIVE || defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows or Cygwin */
+  {
+    LCID lcid;
+
+    /* Use native Windows API locale ID.  */
+    lcid = GetThreadLocale ();
+
+    return gl_locale_name_from_win32_LCID (lcid);
+  }
+# endif
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Determine the current locale's name, and canonicalize it into XPG syntax
+     language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+   The codeset part in the result is not reliable; the locale_charset()
+   should be used for codeset information instead.
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+
+const char *
+gl_locale_name (int category, const char *categoryname)
+{
+  const char *retval;
+
+  retval = gl_locale_name_thread (category, categoryname);
+  if (retval != NULL)
+    return retval;
+
+  retval = gl_locale_name_posix (category, categoryname);
+  if (retval != NULL)
+    return retval;
+
+  return gl_locale_name_default ();
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/localename.h b/gl/tests/localename.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..330932dd39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/localename.h
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* Determine name of the currently selected locale.
+   Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _GL_LOCALENAME_H
+#define _GL_LOCALENAME_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/* Determine the current locale's name.
+   It considers both the POSIX notion of locale name (see functions
+   gl_locale_name_thread and gl_locale_name_posix) and the system notion
+   of locale name (see function gl_locale_name_default).
+   CATEGORY is a locale category abbreviation, as defined in <locale.h>,
+   but not LC_ALL. E.g. LC_MESSAGES.
+   CATEGORYNAME is the name of CATEGORY as a string, e.g. "LC_MESSAGES".
+   Return the locale category's name, canonicalized into XPG syntax
+     language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+   The codeset part in the result is not reliable; the locale_charset()
+   should be used for codeset information instead.
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+extern const char * gl_locale_name (int category, const char *categoryname);
+
+/* Determine the current per-thread locale's name, as specified by uselocale()
+   calls.
+   CATEGORY is a locale category abbreviation, as defined in <locale.h>,
+   but not LC_ALL. E.g. LC_MESSAGES.
+   CATEGORYNAME is the name of CATEGORY as a string, e.g. "LC_MESSAGES".
+   Return the locale category's name, canonicalized into XPG syntax
+     language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+   or NULL if no locale has been specified for the current thread.
+   The codeset part in the result is not reliable; the locale_charset()
+   should be used for codeset information instead.
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+extern const char * gl_locale_name_thread (int category, const char *categoryname);
+
+/* Determine the thread-independent current locale's name, as specified by
+   setlocale() calls or by environment variables.
+   CATEGORY is a locale category abbreviation, as defined in <locale.h>,
+   but not LC_ALL. E.g. LC_MESSAGES.
+   CATEGORYNAME is the name of CATEGORY as a string, e.g. "LC_MESSAGES".
+   Return the locale category's name, canonicalized into XPG syntax
+     language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+   or NULL if no locale has been specified to setlocale() or by environment
+   variables.
+   The codeset part in the result is not reliable; the locale_charset()
+   should be used for codeset information instead.
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+extern const char * gl_locale_name_posix (int category, const char *categoryname);
+
+/* Determine the default locale's name, as specified by environment
+   variables.
+   Return the locale category's name, or NULL if no locale has been specified
+   by environment variables.
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+extern const char * gl_locale_name_environ (int category, const char *categoryname);
+
+/* Determine the default locale's name.  This is the current locale's name,
+   if not specified by uselocale() calls, by setlocale() calls, or by
+   environment variables.  This locale name is usually determined by systems
+   settings that the user can manipulate through a GUI.
+
+   Quoting POSIX:2001:
+     "All implementations shall define a locale as the default locale,
+      to be invoked when no environment variables are set, or set to the
+      empty string.  This default locale can be the C locale or any other
+      implementation-defined locale.  Some implementations may provide
+      facilities for local installation administrators to set the default
+      locale, customizing it for each location.  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 does
+      not require such a facility."
+
+   The result must not be freed; it is statically allocated.  */
+extern const char * gl_locale_name_default (void);
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _GL_LOCALENAME_H */
diff --git a/gl/tests/setlocale.c b/gl/tests/setlocale.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a47cdefcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/setlocale.c
@@ -0,0 +1,938 @@
+/* Set the current locale.
+   Copyright (C) 2009, 2011-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2009.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Override setlocale() so that when the default locale is requested
+   (locale = ""), the environment variables LC_ALL, LC_*, and LANG are
+   considered.
+   Also include all the functionality from libintl's setlocale() override.  */
+
+/* Please keep this file in sync with
+   gettext/gettext-runtime/intl/setlocale.c !  */
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <locale.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "localename.h"
+
+#if 1
+
+# undef setlocale
+
+/* Return string representation of locale category CATEGORY.  */
+static const char *
+category_to_name (int category)
+{
+  const char *retval;
+
+  switch (category)
+  {
+  case LC_COLLATE:
+    retval = "LC_COLLATE";
+    break;
+  case LC_CTYPE:
+    retval = "LC_CTYPE";
+    break;
+  case LC_MONETARY:
+    retval = "LC_MONETARY";
+    break;
+  case LC_NUMERIC:
+    retval = "LC_NUMERIC";
+    break;
+  case LC_TIME:
+    retval = "LC_TIME";
+    break;
+  case LC_MESSAGES:
+    retval = "LC_MESSAGES";
+    break;
+  default:
+    /* If you have a better idea for a default value let me know.  */
+    retval = "LC_XXX";
+  }
+
+  return retval;
+}
+
+# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
+
+/* The native Windows setlocale() function expects locale names of the form
+   "German" or "German_Germany" or "DEU", but not "de" or "de_DE".  We need
+   to convert the names from the form with ISO 639 language code and ISO 3166
+   country code to the form with English names or with three-letter identifier.
+   The three-letter identifiers known by a Windows XP SP2 or SP3 are:
+     AFK  Afrikaans_South Africa.1252
+     ARA  Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256
+     ARB  Arabic_Lebanon.1256
+     ARE  Arabic_Egypt.1256
+     ARG  Arabic_Algeria.1256
+     ARH  Arabic_Bahrain.1256
+     ARI  Arabic_Iraq.1256
+     ARJ  Arabic_Jordan.1256
+     ARK  Arabic_Kuwait.1256
+     ARL  Arabic_Libya.1256
+     ARM  Arabic_Morocco.1256
+     ARO  Arabic_Oman.1256
+     ARQ  Arabic_Qatar.1256
+     ARS  Arabic_Syria.1256
+     ART  Arabic_Tunisia.1256
+     ARU  Arabic_U.A.E..1256
+     ARY  Arabic_Yemen.1256
+     AZE  Azeri (Latin)_Azerbaijan.1254
+     BEL  Belarusian_Belarus.1251
+     BGR  Bulgarian_Bulgaria.1251
+     BSB  Bosnian_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     BSC  Bosnian (Cyrillic)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250  (wrong encoding!)
+     CAT  Catalan_Spain.1252
+     CHH  Chinese_Hong Kong S.A.R..950
+     CHI  Chinese_Singapore.936
+     CHS  Chinese_People's Republic of China.936
+     CHT  Chinese_Taiwan.950
+     CSY  Czech_Czech Republic.1250
+     CYM  Welsh_United Kingdom.1252
+     DAN  Danish_Denmark.1252
+     DEA  German_Austria.1252
+     DEC  German_Liechtenstein.1252
+     DEL  German_Luxembourg.1252
+     DES  German_Switzerland.1252
+     DEU  German_Germany.1252
+     ELL  Greek_Greece.1253
+     ENA  English_Australia.1252
+     ENB  English_Caribbean.1252
+     ENC  English_Canada.1252
+     ENG  English_United Kingdom.1252
+     ENI  English_Ireland.1252
+     ENJ  English_Jamaica.1252
+     ENL  English_Belize.1252
+     ENP  English_Republic of the Philippines.1252
+     ENS  English_South Africa.1252
+     ENT  English_Trinidad and Tobago.1252
+     ENU  English_United States.1252
+     ENW  English_Zimbabwe.1252
+     ENZ  English_New Zealand.1252
+     ESA  Spanish_Panama.1252
+     ESB  Spanish_Bolivia.1252
+     ESC  Spanish_Costa Rica.1252
+     ESD  Spanish_Dominican Republic.1252
+     ESE  Spanish_El Salvador.1252
+     ESF  Spanish_Ecuador.1252
+     ESG  Spanish_Guatemala.1252
+     ESH  Spanish_Honduras.1252
+     ESI  Spanish_Nicaragua.1252
+     ESL  Spanish_Chile.1252
+     ESM  Spanish_Mexico.1252
+     ESN  Spanish_Spain.1252
+     ESO  Spanish_Colombia.1252
+     ESP  Spanish_Spain.1252
+     ESR  Spanish_Peru.1252
+     ESS  Spanish_Argentina.1252
+     ESU  Spanish_Puerto Rico.1252
+     ESV  Spanish_Venezuela.1252
+     ESY  Spanish_Uruguay.1252
+     ESZ  Spanish_Paraguay.1252
+     ETI  Estonian_Estonia.1257
+     EUQ  Basque_Spain.1252
+     FAR  Farsi_Iran.1256
+     FIN  Finnish_Finland.1252
+     FOS  Faroese_Faroe Islands.1252
+     FPO  Filipino_Philippines.1252
+     FRA  French_France.1252
+     FRB  French_Belgium.1252
+     FRC  French_Canada.1252
+     FRL  French_Luxembourg.1252
+     FRM  French_Principality of Monaco.1252
+     FRS  French_Switzerland.1252
+     FYN  Frisian_Netherlands.1252
+     GLC  Galician_Spain.1252
+     HEB  Hebrew_Israel.1255
+     HRB  Croatian_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     HRV  Croatian_Croatia.1250
+     HUN  Hungarian_Hungary.1250
+     IND  Indonesian_Indonesia.1252
+     IRE  Irish_Ireland.1252
+     ISL  Icelandic_Iceland.1252
+     ITA  Italian_Italy.1252
+     ITS  Italian_Switzerland.1252
+     IUK  Inuktitut (Latin)_Canada.1252
+     JPN  Japanese_Japan.932
+     KKZ  Kazakh_Kazakhstan.1251
+     KOR  Korean_Korea.949
+     KYR  Kyrgyz_Kyrgyzstan.1251
+     LBX  Luxembourgish_Luxembourg.1252
+     LTH  Lithuanian_Lithuania.1257
+     LVI  Latvian_Latvia.1257
+     MKI  FYRO Macedonian_Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.1251
+     MON  Mongolian_Mongolia.1251
+     MPD  Mapudungun_Chile.1252
+     MSB  Malay_Brunei Darussalam.1252
+     MSL  Malay_Malaysia.1252
+     MWK  Mohawk_Canada.1252
+     NLB  Dutch_Belgium.1252
+     NLD  Dutch_Netherlands.1252
+     NON  Norwegian-Nynorsk_Norway.1252
+     NOR  Norwegian (Bokmål)_Norway.1252
+     NSO  Northern Sotho_South Africa.1252
+     PLK  Polish_Poland.1250
+     PTB  Portuguese_Brazil.1252
+     PTG  Portuguese_Portugal.1252
+     QUB  Quechua_Bolivia.1252
+     QUE  Quechua_Ecuador.1252
+     QUP  Quechua_Peru.1252
+     RMC  Romansh_Switzerland.1252
+     ROM  Romanian_Romania.1250
+     RUS  Russian_Russia.1251
+     SKY  Slovak_Slovakia.1250
+     SLV  Slovenian_Slovenia.1250
+     SMA  Sami (Southern)_Norway.1252
+     SMB  Sami (Southern)_Sweden.1252
+     SME  Sami (Northern)_Norway.1252
+     SMF  Sami (Northern)_Sweden.1252
+     SMG  Sami (Northern)_Finland.1252
+     SMJ  Sami (Lule)_Norway.1252
+     SMK  Sami (Lule)_Sweden.1252
+     SMN  Sami (Inari)_Finland.1252
+     SMS  Sami (Skolt)_Finland.1252
+     SQI  Albanian_Albania.1250
+     SRB  Serbian (Cyrillic)_Serbia and Montenegro.1251
+     SRL  Serbian (Latin)_Serbia and Montenegro.1250
+     SRN  Serbian (Cyrillic)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1251
+     SRS  Serbian (Latin)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     SVE  Swedish_Sweden.1252
+     SVF  Swedish_Finland.1252
+     SWK  Swahili_Kenya.1252
+     THA  Thai_Thailand.874
+     TRK  Turkish_Turkey.1254
+     TSN  Tswana_South Africa.1252
+     TTT  Tatar_Russia.1251
+     UKR  Ukrainian_Ukraine.1251
+     URD  Urdu_Islamic Republic of Pakistan.1256
+     USA  English_United States.1252
+     UZB  Uzbek (Latin)_Uzbekistan.1254
+     VIT  Vietnamese_Viet Nam.1258
+     XHO  Xhosa_South Africa.1252
+     ZHH  Chinese_Hong Kong S.A.R..950
+     ZHI  Chinese_Singapore.936
+     ZHM  Chinese_Macau S.A.R..950
+     ZUL  Zulu_South Africa.1252
+ */
+
+/* Table from ISO 639 language code, optionally with country or script suffix,
+   to English name.
+   Keep in sync with the gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID function in
+   localename.c!  */
+struct table_entry
+{
+  const char *code;
+  const char *english;
+};
+static const struct table_entry language_table[] =
+  {
+    { "af", "Afrikaans" },
+    { "am", "Amharic" },
+    { "ar", "Arabic" },
+    { "arn", "Mapudungun" },
+    { "as", "Assamese" },
+    { "az@cyrillic", "Azeri (Cyrillic)" },
+    { "az@latin", "Azeri (Latin)" },
+    { "ba", "Bashkir" },
+    { "be", "Belarusian" },
+    { "ber", "Tamazight" },
+    { "ber@arabic", "Tamazight (Arabic)" },
+    { "ber@latin", "Tamazight (Latin)" },
+    { "bg", "Bulgarian" },
+    { "bin", "Edo" },
+    { "bn", "Bengali" },
+    { "bn_BD", "Bengali (Bangladesh)" },
+    { "bn_IN", "Bengali (India)" },
+    { "bnt", "Sutu" },
+    { "bo", "Tibetan" },
+    { "br", "Breton" },
+    { "bs", "BSB" }, /* "Bosnian (Latin)" */
+    { "bs@cyrillic", "BSC" }, /* Bosnian (Cyrillic) */
+    { "ca", "Catalan" },
+    { "chr", "Cherokee" },
+    { "co", "Corsican" },
+    { "cpe", "Hawaiian" },
+    { "cs", "Czech" },
+    { "cy", "Welsh" },
+    { "da", "Danish" },
+    { "de", "German" },
+    { "dsb", "Lower Sorbian" },
+    { "dv", "Divehi" },
+    { "el", "Greek" },
+    { "en", "English" },
+    { "es", "Spanish" },
+    { "et", "Estonian" },
+    { "eu", "Basque" },
+    { "fa", "Farsi" },
+    { "ff", "Fulfulde" },
+    { "fi", "Finnish" },
+    { "fo", "Faroese" }, /* "Faeroese" does not work */
+    { "fr", "French" },
+    { "fy", "Frisian" },
+    { "ga", "IRE" }, /* Gaelic (Ireland) */
+    { "gd", "Gaelic (Scotland)" },
+    { "gd", "Scottish Gaelic" },
+    { "gl", "Galician" },
+    { "gn", "Guarani" },
+    { "gsw", "Alsatian" },
+    { "gu", "Gujarati" },
+    { "ha", "Hausa" },
+    { "he", "Hebrew" },
+    { "hi", "Hindi" },
+    { "hr", "Croatian" },
+    { "hsb", "Upper Sorbian" },
+    { "hu", "Hungarian" },
+    { "hy", "Armenian" },
+    { "id", "Indonesian" },
+    { "ig", "Igbo" },
+    { "ii", "Yi" },
+    { "is", "Icelandic" },
+    { "it", "Italian" },
+    { "iu", "IUK" }, /* Inuktitut */
+    { "ja", "Japanese" },
+    { "ka", "Georgian" },
+    { "kk", "Kazakh" },
+    { "kl", "Greenlandic" },
+    { "km", "Cambodian" },
+    { "km", "Khmer" },
+    { "kn", "Kannada" },
+    { "ko", "Korean" },
+    { "kok", "Konkani" },
+    { "kr", "Kanuri" },
+    { "ks", "Kashmiri" },
+    { "ks_IN", "Kashmiri_India" },
+    { "ks_PK", "Kashmiri (Arabic)_Pakistan" },
+    { "ky", "Kyrgyz" },
+    { "la", "Latin" },
+    { "lb", "Luxembourgish" },
+    { "lo", "Lao" },
+    { "lt", "Lithuanian" },
+    { "lv", "Latvian" },
+    { "mi", "Maori" },
+    { "mk", "FYRO Macedonian" },
+    { "mk", "Macedonian" },
+    { "ml", "Malayalam" },
+    { "mn", "Mongolian" },
+    { "mni", "Manipuri" },
+    { "moh", "Mohawk" },
+    { "mr", "Marathi" },
+    { "ms", "Malay" },
+    { "mt", "Maltese" },
+    { "my", "Burmese" },
+    { "nb", "NOR" }, /* Norwegian Bokmål */
+    { "ne", "Nepali" },
+    { "nic", "Ibibio" },
+    { "nl", "Dutch" },
+    { "nn", "NON" }, /* Norwegian Nynorsk */
+    { "no", "Norwegian" },
+    { "nso", "Northern Sotho" },
+    { "nso", "Sepedi" },
+    { "oc", "Occitan" },
+    { "om", "Oromo" },
+    { "or", "Oriya" },
+    { "pa", "Punjabi" },
+    { "pap", "Papiamentu" },
+    { "pl", "Polish" },
+    { "prs", "Dari" },
+    { "ps", "Pashto" },
+    { "pt", "Portuguese" },
+    { "qu", "Quechua" },
+    { "qut", "K'iche'" },
+    { "rm", "Romansh" },
+    { "ro", "Romanian" },
+    { "ru", "Russian" },
+    { "rw", "Kinyarwanda" },
+    { "sa", "Sanskrit" },
+    { "sah", "Yakut" },
+    { "sd", "Sindhi" },
+    { "se", "Sami (Northern)" },
+    { "se", "Northern Sami" },
+    { "si", "Sinhalese" },
+    { "sk", "Slovak" },
+    { "sl", "Slovenian" },
+    { "sma", "Sami (Southern)" },
+    { "sma", "Southern Sami" },
+    { "smj", "Sami (Lule)" },
+    { "smj", "Lule Sami" },
+    { "smn", "Sami (Inari)" },
+    { "smn", "Inari Sami" },
+    { "sms", "Sami (Skolt)" },
+    { "sms", "Skolt Sami" },
+    { "so", "Somali" },
+    { "sq", "Albanian" },
+    { "sr", "Serbian (Latin)" },
+    { "sr@cyrillic", "SRB" }, /* Serbian (Cyrillic) */
+    { "sw", "Swahili" },
+    { "syr", "Syriac" },
+    { "ta", "Tamil" },
+    { "te", "Telugu" },
+    { "tg", "Tajik" },
+    { "th", "Thai" },
+    { "ti", "Tigrinya" },
+    { "tk", "Turkmen" },
+    { "tl", "Filipino" },
+    { "tn", "Tswana" },
+    { "tr", "Turkish" },
+    { "ts", "Tsonga" },
+    { "tt", "Tatar" },
+    { "ug", "Uighur" },
+    { "uk", "Ukrainian" },
+    { "ur", "Urdu" },
+    { "uz", "Uzbek" },
+    { "uz", "Uzbek (Latin)" },
+    { "uz@cyrillic", "Uzbek (Cyrillic)" },
+    { "ve", "Venda" },
+    { "vi", "Vietnamese" },
+    { "wen", "Sorbian" },
+    { "wo", "Wolof" },
+    { "xh", "Xhosa" },
+    { "yi", "Yiddish" },
+    { "yo", "Yoruba" },
+    { "zh", "Chinese" },
+    { "zu", "Zulu" }
+  };
+
+/* Table from ISO 3166 country code to English name.
+   Keep in sync with the gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID function in
+   localename.c!  */
+static const struct table_entry country_table[] =
+  {
+    { "AE", "U.A.E." },
+    { "AF", "Afghanistan" },
+    { "AL", "Albania" },
+    { "AM", "Armenia" },
+    { "AN", "Netherlands Antilles" },
+    { "AR", "Argentina" },
+    { "AT", "Austria" },
+    { "AU", "Australia" },
+    { "AZ", "Azerbaijan" },
+    { "BA", "Bosnia and Herzegovina" },
+    { "BD", "Bangladesh" },
+    { "BE", "Belgium" },
+    { "BG", "Bulgaria" },
+    { "BH", "Bahrain" },
+    { "BN", "Brunei Darussalam" },
+    { "BO", "Bolivia" },
+    { "BR", "Brazil" },
+    { "BT", "Bhutan" },
+    { "BY", "Belarus" },
+    { "BZ", "Belize" },
+    { "CA", "Canada" },
+    { "CG", "Congo" },
+    { "CH", "Switzerland" },
+    { "CI", "Cote d'Ivoire" },
+    { "CL", "Chile" },
+    { "CM", "Cameroon" },
+    { "CN", "People's Republic of China" },
+    { "CO", "Colombia" },
+    { "CR", "Costa Rica" },
+    { "CS", "Serbia and Montenegro" },
+    { "CZ", "Czech Republic" },
+    { "DE", "Germany" },
+    { "DK", "Denmark" },
+    { "DO", "Dominican Republic" },
+    { "DZ", "Algeria" },
+    { "EC", "Ecuador" },
+    { "EE", "Estonia" },
+    { "EG", "Egypt" },
+    { "ER", "Eritrea" },
+    { "ES", "Spain" },
+    { "ET", "Ethiopia" },
+    { "FI", "Finland" },
+    { "FO", "Faroe Islands" },
+    { "FR", "France" },
+    { "GB", "United Kingdom" },
+    { "GD", "Caribbean" },
+    { "GE", "Georgia" },
+    { "GL", "Greenland" },
+    { "GR", "Greece" },
+    { "GT", "Guatemala" },
+    { "HK", "Hong Kong" },
+    { "HK", "Hong Kong S.A.R." },
+    { "HN", "Honduras" },
+    { "HR", "Croatia" },
+    { "HT", "Haiti" },
+    { "HU", "Hungary" },
+    { "ID", "Indonesia" },
+    { "IE", "Ireland" },
+    { "IL", "Israel" },
+    { "IN", "India" },
+    { "IQ", "Iraq" },
+    { "IR", "Iran" },
+    { "IS", "Iceland" },
+    { "IT", "Italy" },
+    { "JM", "Jamaica" },
+    { "JO", "Jordan" },
+    { "JP", "Japan" },
+    { "KE", "Kenya" },
+    { "KG", "Kyrgyzstan" },
+    { "KH", "Cambodia" },
+    { "KR", "South Korea" },
+    { "KW", "Kuwait" },
+    { "KZ", "Kazakhstan" },
+    { "LA", "Laos" },
+    { "LB", "Lebanon" },
+    { "LI", "Liechtenstein" },
+    { "LK", "Sri Lanka" },
+    { "LT", "Lithuania" },
+    { "LU", "Luxembourg" },
+    { "LV", "Latvia" },
+    { "LY", "Libya" },
+    { "MA", "Morocco" },
+    { "MC", "Principality of Monaco" },
+    { "MD", "Moldava" },
+    { "MD", "Moldova" },
+    { "ME", "Montenegro" },
+    { "MK", "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" },
+    { "ML", "Mali" },
+    { "MM", "Myanmar" },
+    { "MN", "Mongolia" },
+    { "MO", "Macau S.A.R." },
+    { "MT", "Malta" },
+    { "MV", "Maldives" },
+    { "MX", "Mexico" },
+    { "MY", "Malaysia" },
+    { "NG", "Nigeria" },
+    { "NI", "Nicaragua" },
+    { "NL", "Netherlands" },
+    { "NO", "Norway" },
+    { "NP", "Nepal" },
+    { "NZ", "New Zealand" },
+    { "OM", "Oman" },
+    { "PA", "Panama" },
+    { "PE", "Peru" },
+    { "PH", "Philippines" },
+    { "PK", "Islamic Republic of Pakistan" },
+    { "PL", "Poland" },
+    { "PR", "Puerto Rico" },
+    { "PT", "Portugal" },
+    { "PY", "Paraguay" },
+    { "QA", "Qatar" },
+    { "RE", "Reunion" },
+    { "RO", "Romania" },
+    { "RS", "Serbia" },
+    { "RU", "Russia" },
+    { "RW", "Rwanda" },
+    { "SA", "Saudi Arabia" },
+    { "SE", "Sweden" },
+    { "SG", "Singapore" },
+    { "SI", "Slovenia" },
+    { "SK", "Slovak" },
+    { "SN", "Senegal" },
+    { "SO", "Somalia" },
+    { "SR", "Suriname" },
+    { "SV", "El Salvador" },
+    { "SY", "Syria" },
+    { "TH", "Thailand" },
+    { "TJ", "Tajikistan" },
+    { "TM", "Turkmenistan" },
+    { "TN", "Tunisia" },
+    { "TR", "Turkey" },
+    { "TT", "Trinidad and Tobago" },
+    { "TW", "Taiwan" },
+    { "TZ", "Tanzania" },
+    { "UA", "Ukraine" },
+    { "US", "United States" },
+    { "UY", "Uruguay" },
+    { "VA", "Vatican" },
+    { "VE", "Venezuela" },
+    { "VN", "Viet Nam" },
+    { "YE", "Yemen" },
+    { "ZA", "South Africa" },
+    { "ZW", "Zimbabwe" }
+  };
+
+/* Given a string STRING, find the set of indices i such that TABLE[i].code is
+   the given STRING.  It is a range [lo,hi-1].  */
+typedef struct { size_t lo; size_t hi; } range_t;
+static void
+search (const struct table_entry *table, size_t table_size, const char *string,
+        range_t *result)
+{
+  /* The table is sorted.  Perform a binary search.  */
+  size_t hi = table_size;
+  size_t lo = 0;
+  while (lo < hi)
+    {
+      /* Invariant:
+         for i < lo, strcmp (table[i].code, string) < 0,
+         for i >= hi, strcmp (table[i].code, string) > 0.  */
+      size_t mid = (hi + lo) >> 1; /* >= lo, < hi */
+      int cmp = strcmp (table[mid].code, string);
+      if (cmp < 0)
+        lo = mid + 1;
+      else if (cmp > 0)
+        hi = mid;
+      else
+        {
+          /* Found an i with
+               strcmp (language_table[i].code, string) == 0.
+             Find the entire interval of such i.  */
+          {
+            size_t i;
+
+            for (i = mid; i > lo; )
+              {
+                i--;
+                if (strcmp (table[i].code, string) < 0)
+                  {
+                    lo = i + 1;
+                    break;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+          {
+            size_t i;
+
+            for (i = mid; i < hi; i++)
+              {
+                if (strcmp (table[i].code, string) > 0)
+                  {
+                    hi = i;
+                    break;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+          /* The set of i with
+               strcmp (language_table[i].code, string) == 0
+             is the interval [lo, hi-1].  */
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+  result->lo = lo;
+  result->hi = hi;
+}
+
+/* Like setlocale, but accept also locale names in the form ll or ll_CC,
+   where ll is an ISO 639 language code and CC is an ISO 3166 country code.  */
+static char *
+setlocale_unixlike (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  char *result;
+  char llCC_buf[64];
+  char ll_buf[64];
+  char CC_buf[64];
+
+  /* First, try setlocale with the original argument unchanged.  */
+  result = setlocale (category, locale);
+  if (result != NULL)
+    return result;
+
+  /* Otherwise, assume the argument is in the form
+       language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+     and try to map it using the tables.  */
+  if (strlen (locale) < sizeof (llCC_buf))
+    {
+      /* Second try: Remove the codeset part.  */
+      {
+        const char *p = locale;
+        char *q = llCC_buf;
+
+        /* Copy the part before the dot.  */
+        for (; *p != '\0' && *p != '.'; p++, q++)
+          *q = *p;
+        if (*p == '.')
+          /* Skip the part up to the '@', if any.  */
+          for (; *p != '\0' && *p != '@'; p++)
+            ;
+        /* Copy the part starting with '@', if any.  */
+        for (; *p != '\0'; p++, q++)
+          *q = *p;
+        *q = '\0';
+      }
+      /* llCC_buf now contains
+           language[_territory][@modifier]
+       */
+      if (strcmp (llCC_buf, locale) != 0)
+        {
+          result = setlocale (category, llCC_buf);
+          if (result != NULL)
+            return result;
+        }
+      /* Look it up in language_table.  */
+      {
+        range_t range;
+        size_t i;
+
+        search (language_table,
+                sizeof (language_table) / sizeof (language_table[0]),
+                llCC_buf,
+                &range);
+
+        for (i = range.lo; i < range.hi; i++)
+          {
+            /* Try the replacement in language_table[i].  */
+            result = setlocale (category, language_table[i].english);
+            if (result != NULL)
+              return result;
+          }
+      }
+      /* Split language[_territory][@modifier]
+         into  ll_buf = language[@modifier]
+         and   CC_buf = territory
+       */
+      {
+        const char *underscore = strchr (llCC_buf, '_');
+        if (underscore != NULL)
+          {
+            const char *territory_start = underscore + 1;
+            const char *territory_end = strchr (territory_start, '@');
+            if (territory_end == NULL)
+              territory_end = territory_start + strlen (territory_start);
+
+            memcpy (ll_buf, llCC_buf, underscore - llCC_buf);
+            strcpy (ll_buf + (underscore - llCC_buf), territory_end);
+
+            memcpy (CC_buf, territory_start, territory_end - territory_start);
+            CC_buf[territory_end - territory_start] = '\0';
+
+            {
+              /* Look up ll_buf in language_table
+                 and CC_buf in country_table.  */
+              range_t language_range;
+
+              search (language_table,
+                      sizeof (language_table) / sizeof (language_table[0]),
+                      ll_buf,
+                      &language_range);
+              if (language_range.lo < language_range.hi)
+                {
+                  range_t country_range;
+
+                  search (country_table,
+                          sizeof (country_table) / sizeof (country_table[0]),
+                          CC_buf,
+                          &country_range);
+                  if (country_range.lo < country_range.hi)
+                    {
+                      size_t i;
+                      size_t j;
+
+                      for (i = language_range.lo; i < language_range.hi; i++)
+                        for (j = country_range.lo; j < country_range.hi; j++)
+                          {
+                            /* Concatenate the replacements.  */
+                            const char *part1 = language_table[i].english;
+                            size_t part1_len = strlen (part1);
+                            const char *part2 = country_table[j].english;
+                            size_t part2_len = strlen (part2) + 1;
+                            char buf[64+64];
+
+                            if (!(part1_len + 1 + part2_len <= sizeof (buf)))
+                              abort ();
+                            memcpy (buf, part1, part1_len);
+                            buf[part1_len] = '_';
+                            memcpy (buf + part1_len + 1, part2, part2_len);
+
+                            /* Try the concatenated replacements.  */
+                            result = setlocale (category, buf);
+                            if (result != NULL)
+                              return result;
+                          }
+                    }
+
+                  /* Try omitting the country entirely.  This may set a locale
+                     corresponding to the wrong country, but is better than
+                     failing entirely.  */
+                  {
+                    size_t i;
+
+                    for (i = language_range.lo; i < language_range.hi; i++)
+                      {
+                        /* Try only the language replacement.  */
+                        result =
+                          setlocale (category, language_table[i].english);
+                        if (result != NULL)
+                          return result;
+                      }
+                  }
+                }
+            }
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+  /* Failed.  */
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+# else
+#  define setlocale_unixlike setlocale
+# endif
+
+# if LC_MESSAGES == 1729
+
+/* The system does not store an LC_MESSAGES locale category.  Do it here.  */
+static char lc_messages_name[64] = "C";
+
+/* Like setlocale, but support also LC_MESSAGES.  */
+static char *
+setlocale_single (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  if (category == LC_MESSAGES)
+    {
+      if (locale != NULL)
+        {
+          lc_messages_name[sizeof (lc_messages_name) - 1] = '\0';
+          strncpy (lc_messages_name, locale, sizeof (lc_messages_name) - 1);
+        }
+      return lc_messages_name;
+    }
+  else
+    return setlocale_unixlike (category, locale);
+}
+
+# else
+#  define setlocale_single setlocale_unixlike
+# endif
+
+char *
+rpl_setlocale (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  if (locale != NULL && locale[0] == '\0')
+    {
+      /* A request to the set the current locale to the default locale.  */
+      if (category == LC_ALL)
+        {
+          /* Set LC_CTYPE first.  Then the other categories.  */
+          static int const categories[] =
+            {
+              LC_NUMERIC,
+              LC_TIME,
+              LC_COLLATE,
+              LC_MONETARY,
+              LC_MESSAGES
+            };
+          char *saved_locale;
+          const char *base_name;
+          unsigned int i;
+
+          /* Back up the old locale, in case one of the steps fails.  */
+          saved_locale = setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+          saved_locale = strdup (saved_locale);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+
+          /* Set LC_CTYPE category.  Set all other categories (except possibly
+             LC_MESSAGES) to the same value in the same call; this is likely to
+             save calls.  */
+          base_name =
+            gl_locale_name_environ (LC_CTYPE, category_to_name (LC_CTYPE));
+          if (base_name == NULL)
+            base_name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+          if (setlocale_unixlike (LC_ALL, base_name) == NULL)
+            goto fail;
+# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
+          /* On native Windows, setlocale(LC_ALL,...) may succeed but set the
+             LC_CTYPE category to an invalid value ("C") when it does not
+             support the specified encoding.  Report a failure instead.  */
+          if (strchr (base_name, '.') != NULL
+              && strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+            goto fail;
+# endif
+
+          for (i = 0; i < sizeof (categories) / sizeof (categories[0]); i++)
+            {
+              int cat = categories[i];
+              const char *name;
+
+              name = gl_locale_name_environ (cat, category_to_name (cat));
+              if (name == NULL)
+                name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+              /* If name is the same as base_name, it has already been set
+                 through the setlocale call before the loop.  */
+              if (strcmp (name, base_name) != 0
+# if LC_MESSAGES == 1729
+                  || cat == LC_MESSAGES
+# endif
+                 )
+                if (setlocale_single (cat, name) == NULL)
+                  goto fail;
+            }
+
+          /* All steps were successful.  */
+          free (saved_locale);
+          return setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+
+        fail:
+          if (saved_locale[0] != '\0') /* don't risk an endless recursion */
+            setlocale (LC_ALL, saved_locale);
+          free (saved_locale);
+          return NULL;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          const char *name =
+            gl_locale_name_environ (category, category_to_name (category));
+          if (name == NULL)
+            name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+          return setlocale_single (category, name);
+        }
+    }
+  else
+    {
+# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
+      if (category == LC_ALL && locale != NULL && strchr (locale, '.') != NULL)
+        {
+          char *saved_locale;
+
+          /* Back up the old locale.  */
+          saved_locale = setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+          saved_locale = strdup (saved_locale);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+
+          if (setlocale_unixlike (LC_ALL, locale) == NULL)
+            {
+              free (saved_locale);
+              return NULL;
+            }
+
+          /* On native Windows, setlocale(LC_ALL,...) may succeed but set the
+             LC_CTYPE category to an invalid value ("C") when it does not
+             support the specified encoding.  Report a failure instead.  */
+          if (strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+            {
+              if (saved_locale[0] != '\0') /* don't risk an endless recursion */
+                setlocale (LC_ALL, saved_locale);
+              free (saved_locale);
+              return NULL;
+            }
+
+          /* It was really successful.  */
+          free (saved_locale);
+          return setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+        }
+      else
+# endif
+        return setlocale_single (category, locale);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-c-strcase.sh b/gl/tests/test-c-strcase.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5fcf906b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-c-strcase.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Test in the C locale.
+./test-c-strcasecmp${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+./test-c-strncasecmp${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+
+# Test in an ISO-8859-1 or ISO-8859-15 locale.
+: ${LOCALE_FR=fr_FR}
+if test $LOCALE_FR != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_FR ./test-c-strcasecmp${EXEEXT} locale || exit 1
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_FR ./test-c-strncasecmp${EXEEXT} locale || exit 1
+fi
+
+# Test in a Turkish UTF-8 locale.
+: ${LOCALE_TR_UTF8=tr_TR.UTF-8}
+if test $LOCALE_TR_UTF8 != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_TR_UTF8 ./test-c-strcasecmp${EXEEXT} locale || exit 1
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_TR_UTF8 ./test-c-strncasecmp${EXEEXT} locale || exit 1
+fi
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-c-strcasecmp.c b/gl/tests/test-c-strcasecmp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1eb595887c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-c-strcasecmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/* Test of case-insensitive string comparison function.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2007.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "c-strcase.h"
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+int
+main (int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+  if (argc > 1)
+    {
+      /* configure should already have checked that the locale is supported.  */
+      if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL)
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("paragraph", "Paragraph") == 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("paragrapH", "parAgRaph") == 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("paragraph", "paraLyzed") < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("paraLyzed", "paragraph") > 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("para", "paragraph") < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("paragraph", "para") > 0);
+
+  /* The following tests shows how c_strcasecmp() is different from
+     strcasecmp().  */
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("\311mile", "\351mile") < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("\351mile", "\311mile") > 0);
+
+  /* The following tests shows how c_strcasecmp() is different from
+     mbscasecmp().  */
+
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("\303\266zg\303\274r", "\303\226ZG\303\234R") > 0); /* özgür */
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("\303\226ZG\303\234R", "\303\266zg\303\274r") < 0); /* özgür */
+
+  /* This test shows how strings of different size cannot compare equal.  */
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("turkish", "TURK\304\260SH") < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strcasecmp ("TURK\304\260SH", "turkish") > 0);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-c-strncasecmp.c b/gl/tests/test-c-strncasecmp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..479528b37f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-c-strncasecmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/* Test of case-insensitive string comparison function.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2007.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "c-strcase.h"
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+int
+main (int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+  if (argc > 1)
+    {
+      /* configure should already have checked that the locale is supported.  */
+      if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL)
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "Paragraph", 1000000) == 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "Paragraph", 9) == 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragrapH", "parAgRaph", 1000000) == 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragrapH", "parAgRaph", 9) == 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "paraLyzed", 10) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "paraLyzed", 9) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "paraLyzed", 5) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "paraLyzed", 4) == 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paraLyzed", "paragraph", 10) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paraLyzed", "paragraph", 9) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paraLyzed", "paragraph", 5) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paraLyzed", "paragraph", 4) == 0);
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("para", "paragraph", 10) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("para", "paragraph", 9) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("para", "paragraph", 5) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("para", "paragraph", 4) == 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "para", 10) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "para", 9) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "para", 5) > 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("paragraph", "para", 4) == 0);
+
+  /* The following tests shows how c_strncasecmp() is different from
+     strncasecmp().  */
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("\311mily", "\351mile", 4) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("\351mile", "\311mily", 4) > 0);
+
+  /* The following tests shows how c_strncasecmp() is different from
+     mbsncasecmp().  */
+
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("\303\266zg\303\274r", "\303\226ZG\303\234R", 99) > 0); /* özgür */
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("\303\226ZG\303\234R", "\303\266zg\303\274r", 99) < 0); /* özgür */
+
+  /* This test shows how strings of different size cannot compare equal.  */
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("turkish", "TURK\304\260SH", 7) < 0);
+  ASSERT (c_strncasecmp ("TURK\304\260SH", "turkish", 7) > 0);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-iconv-h.c b/gl/tests/test-iconv-h.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc2bfb8f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-iconv-h.c
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/* Test of <iconv.h> substitute.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if HAVE_ICONV
+# include <iconv.h>
+#endif
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-iconv-utf.c b/gl/tests/test-iconv-utf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c02735e172
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-iconv-utf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/* Test of character set conversion.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2007.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if HAVE_ICONV
+# include <iconv.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+#if HAVE_ICONV
+  /* Assume that iconv() supports at least the encoding UTF-8.  */
+
+  /* The text is "Japanese (日本語) [\U0001D50D\U0001D51E\U0001D52D]".  */
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16BE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "\000J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\145\345\147\054\212\236\000)\000 \000[\330\065\335\015\330\065\335\036\330\065\335\055\000]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-16BE", "UTF-8");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16LE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\000\345\145\054\147\236\212)\000 \000[\000\065\330\015\335\065\330\036\335\065\330\055\335]\000";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-32BE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "\000\000\000J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\145\345\000\000\147\054\000\000\212\236\000\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\001\325\015\000\001\325\036\000\001\325\055\000\000\000]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-32BE", "UTF-8");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-32LE with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\000\345\145\000\000\054\147\000\000\236\212\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\000\000\015\325\001\000\036\325\001\000\055\325\001\000]\000\000\000";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-32LE", "UTF-8");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-16BE to UTF-8 with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "\000J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\145\345\147\054\212\236\000)\000 \000[\330\065\335\015\330\065\335\036\330\065\335\055\000]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-8", "UTF-16BE");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-16LE to UTF-8 with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "J\000a\000p\000a\000n\000e\000s\000e\000 \000(\000\345\145\054\147\236\212)\000 \000[\000\065\330\015\335\065\330\036\335\065\330\055\335]\000";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-8", "UTF-16LE");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-32BE to UTF-8 with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "\000\000\000J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\145\345\000\000\147\054\000\000\212\236\000\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\001\325\015\000\001\325\036\000\001\325\055\000\000\000]";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-8", "UTF-32BE");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test conversion from UTF-32LE to UTF-8 with no errors.  */
+  {
+    static const char input[] =
+      "J\000\000\000a\000\000\000p\000\000\000a\000\000\000n\000\000\000e\000\000\000s\000\000\000e\000\000\000 \000\000\000(\000\000\000\345\145\000\000\054\147\000\000\236\212\000\000)\000\000\000 \000\000\000[\000\000\000\015\325\001\000\036\325\001\000\055\325\001\000]\000\000\000";
+    static const char expected[] =
+      "Japanese (\346\227\245\346\234\254\350\252\236) [\360\235\224\215\360\235\224\236\360\235\224\255]";
+    iconv_t cd;
+    char buf[100];
+    const char *inptr;
+    size_t inbytesleft;
+    char *outptr;
+    size_t outbytesleft;
+    size_t res;
+
+    cd = iconv_open ("UTF-8", "UTF-32LE");
+    ASSERT (cd != (iconv_t)(-1));
+
+    inptr = input;
+    inbytesleft = sizeof (input) - 1;
+    outptr = buf;
+    outbytesleft = sizeof (buf);
+    res = iconv (cd,
+                 (ICONV_CONST char **) &inptr, &inbytesleft,
+                 &outptr, &outbytesleft);
+    ASSERT (res == 0 && inbytesleft == 0);
+    ASSERT (outptr == buf + (sizeof (expected) - 1));
+    ASSERT (memcmp (buf, expected, sizeof (expected) - 1) == 0);
+
+    ASSERT (iconv_close (cd) == 0);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-locale.c b/gl/tests/test-locale.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e884ea1001
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-locale.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/* Test of <locale.h> substitute.
+   Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2007.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <locale.h>
+
+#include "verify.h"
+
+int a[] =
+  {
+    LC_ALL,
+    LC_COLLATE,
+    LC_CTYPE,
+    LC_MESSAGES,
+    LC_MONETARY,
+    LC_NUMERIC,
+    LC_TIME
+  };
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+/* Check that the locale_t type and the LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE macro are defined.  */
+locale_t b = LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE;
+#endif
+
+/* Check that the 'struct lconv' type is defined.  */
+struct lconv l;
+int ls;
+
+/* Check that NULL can be passed through varargs as a pointer type,
+   per POSIX 2008.  */
+verify (sizeof NULL == sizeof (void *));
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  /* Check that 'struct lconv' has the ISO C and POSIX specified members.  */
+  ls += sizeof (*l.decimal_point);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.thousands_sep);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.grouping);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.mon_decimal_point);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.mon_thousands_sep);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.mon_grouping);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.positive_sign);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.negative_sign);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.currency_symbol);
+  ls += sizeof (l.frac_digits);
+  ls += sizeof (l.p_cs_precedes);
+  ls += sizeof (l.p_sign_posn);
+  ls += sizeof (l.p_sep_by_space);
+  ls += sizeof (l.n_cs_precedes);
+  ls += sizeof (l.n_sign_posn);
+  ls += sizeof (l.n_sep_by_space);
+  ls += sizeof (*l.int_curr_symbol);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_frac_digits);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_p_cs_precedes);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_p_sign_posn);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_p_sep_by_space);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_n_cs_precedes);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_n_sign_posn);
+  ls += sizeof (l.int_n_sep_by_space);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-localename.c b/gl/tests/test-localename.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37b76a385b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-localename.c
@@ -0,0 +1,747 @@
+/* Test of gl_locale_name function and its variants.
+   Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2007.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "localename.h"
+
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+
+static struct { int cat; int mask; const char *string; } const categories[] =
+  {
+      { LC_CTYPE,          LC_CTYPE_MASK,          "LC_CTYPE" },
+      { LC_NUMERIC,        LC_NUMERIC_MASK,        "LC_NUMERIC" },
+      { LC_TIME,           LC_TIME_MASK,           "LC_TIME" },
+      { LC_COLLATE,        LC_COLLATE_MASK,        "LC_COLLATE" },
+      { LC_MONETARY,       LC_MONETARY_MASK,       "LC_MONETARY" },
+      { LC_MESSAGES,       LC_MESSAGES_MASK,       "LC_MESSAGES" }
+# ifdef LC_PAPER
+    , { LC_PAPER,          LC_PAPER_MASK,          "LC_PAPER" }
+# endif
+# ifdef LC_NAME
+    , { LC_NAME,           LC_NAME_MASK,           "LC_NAME" }
+# endif
+# ifdef LC_ADDRESS
+    , { LC_ADDRESS,        LC_ADDRESS_MASK,        "LC_ADDRESS" }
+# endif
+# ifdef LC_TELEPHONE
+    , { LC_TELEPHONE,      LC_TELEPHONE_MASK,      "LC_TELEPHONE" }
+# endif
+# ifdef LC_MEASUREMENT
+    , { LC_MEASUREMENT,    LC_MEASUREMENT_MASK,    "LC_MEASUREMENT" }
+# endif
+# ifdef LC_IDENTIFICATION
+    , { LC_IDENTIFICATION, LC_IDENTIFICATION_MASK, "LC_IDENTIFICATION" }
+# endif
+  };
+
+#endif
+
+/* Test the gl_locale_name() function.  */
+static void
+test_locale_name (void)
+{
+  const char *name;
+
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name returns non-NULL.  */
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") != NULL);
+
+  /* Get into a defined state,  */
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+#endif
+
+  /* Check that when all environment variables are unset,
+     gl_locale_name returns the default locale.  */
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LC_NUMERIC");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_NUMERIC, "LC_NUMERIC"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  /* Check that an empty environment variable is treated like an unset
+     environment variable.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "", 1);
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"),
+                  gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  /* Check that LC_ALL overrides the others, and LANG is overridden by the
+     others.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"), "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "C", 1);
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"), "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "C", 1);
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES"), "C") == 0);
+
+  /* Check mixed situations.  */
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  setenv ("LANG", "de_DE.UTF-8", 1);
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") != NULL)
+    {
+      name = gl_locale_name (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "de_DE.UTF-8") == 0);
+      name = gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+    }
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") != NULL)
+    {
+      name = gl_locale_name (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+      name = gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+    }
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name considers the thread locale.  */
+  {
+    locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+    if (locale != NULL)
+      {
+        uselocale (locale);
+        name = gl_locale_name (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+        name = gl_locale_name (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name distinguishes different categories of the
+     thread locale, and that the name is the right one for each.  */
+  {
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+      {
+        int category_mask = categories[i].mask;
+        locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+        if (locale != NULL)
+          {
+            locale = newlocale (category_mask, "de_DE.UTF-8", locale);
+            if (locale != NULL)
+              {
+                unsigned int j;
+
+                uselocale (locale);
+                for (j = 0; j < SIZEOF (categories); j++)
+                  {
+                    const char *name_j =
+                      gl_locale_name (categories[j].cat, categories[j].string);
+                    if (j == i)
+                      ASSERT (strcmp (name_j, "de_DE.UTF-8") == 0);
+                    else
+                      ASSERT (strcmp (name_j, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+      }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Test the gl_locale_name_thread() function.  */
+static void
+test_locale_name_thread (void)
+{
+  /* Get into a defined state,  */
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_thread returns NULL when no thread locale is
+     set.  */
+  uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_thread (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE") == NULL);
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_thread (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_thread considers the thread locale.  */
+  {
+    locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+    if (locale != NULL)
+      {
+        const char *name;
+
+        uselocale (locale);
+        name = gl_locale_name_thread (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+        name = gl_locale_name_thread (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_thread distinguishes different categories of the
+     thread locale, and that the name is the right one for each.  */
+  {
+    unsigned int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+      {
+        int category_mask = categories[i].mask;
+        locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+        if (locale != NULL)
+          {
+            locale = newlocale (category_mask, "de_DE.UTF-8", locale);
+            if (locale != NULL)
+              {
+                unsigned int j;
+
+                uselocale (locale);
+                for (j = 0; j < SIZEOF (categories); j++)
+                  {
+                    const char *name_j =
+                      gl_locale_name_thread (categories[j].cat,
+                                             categories[j].string);
+                    if (j == i)
+                      ASSERT (strcmp (name_j, "de_DE.UTF-8") == 0);
+                    else
+                      ASSERT (strcmp (name_j, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_thread returns a string that is allocated with
+     indefinite extent.  */
+  {
+    /* Try many locale names in turn, in order to defeat possible caches.  */
+    static const char * const choices[] =
+      {
+        "C",
+        "POSIX",
+        "af_ZA",
+        "af_ZA.UTF-8",
+        "am_ET",
+        "am_ET.UTF-8",
+        "be_BY",
+        "be_BY.UTF-8",
+        "bg_BG",
+        "bg_BG.UTF-8",
+        "ca_ES",
+        "ca_ES.UTF-8",
+        "cs_CZ",
+        "cs_CZ.UTF-8",
+        "da_DK",
+        "da_DK.UTF-8",
+        "de_AT",
+        "de_AT.UTF-8",
+        "de_CH",
+        "de_CH.UTF-8",
+        "de_DE",
+        "de_DE.UTF-8",
+        "el_GR",
+        "el_GR.UTF-8",
+        "en_AU",
+        "en_AU.UTF-8",
+        "en_CA",
+        "en_CA.UTF-8",
+        "en_GB",
+        "en_GB.UTF-8",
+        "en_IE",
+        "en_IE.UTF-8",
+        "en_NZ",
+        "en_NZ.UTF-8",
+        "en_US",
+        "en_US.UTF-8",
+        "es_ES",
+        "es_ES.UTF-8",
+        "et_EE",
+        "et_EE.UTF-8",
+        "eu_ES",
+        "eu_ES.UTF-8",
+        "fi_FI",
+        "fi_FI.UTF-8",
+        "fr_BE",
+        "fr_BE.UTF-8",
+        "fr_CA",
+        "fr_CA.UTF-8",
+        "fr_CH",
+        "fr_CH.UTF-8",
+        "fr_FR",
+        "fr_FR.UTF-8",
+        "he_IL",
+        "he_IL.UTF-8",
+        "hr_HR",
+        "hr_HR.UTF-8",
+        "hu_HU",
+        "hu_HU.UTF-8",
+        "hy_AM",
+        "is_IS",
+        "is_IS.UTF-8",
+        "it_CH",
+        "it_CH.UTF-8",
+        "it_IT",
+        "it_IT.UTF-8",
+        "ja_JP.UTF-8",
+        "kk_KZ",
+        "kk_KZ.UTF-8",
+        "ko_KR.UTF-8",
+        "lt_LT",
+        "lt_LT.UTF-8",
+        "nl_BE",
+        "nl_BE.UTF-8",
+        "nl_NL",
+        "nl_NL.UTF-8",
+        "no_NO",
+        "no_NO.UTF-8",
+        "pl_PL",
+        "pl_PL.UTF-8",
+        "pt_BR",
+        "pt_BR.UTF-8",
+        "pt_PT",
+        "pt_PT.UTF-8",
+        "ro_RO",
+        "ro_RO.UTF-8",
+        "ru_RU",
+        "ru_RU.UTF-8",
+        "sk_SK",
+        "sk_SK.UTF-8",
+        "sl_SI",
+        "sl_SI.UTF-8",
+        "sv_SE",
+        "sv_SE.UTF-8",
+        "tr_TR",
+        "tr_TR.UTF-8",
+        "uk_UA",
+        "uk_UA.UTF-8",
+        "zh_CN",
+        "zh_CN.UTF-8",
+        "zh_HK",
+        "zh_HK.UTF-8",
+        "zh_TW",
+        "zh_TW.UTF-8"
+      };
+    /* Remember which locales are available.  */
+    unsigned char /* bool */ available[SIZEOF (choices)];
+    /* Array of remembered results of gl_locale_name_thread.  */
+    const char *unsaved_names[SIZEOF (choices)][SIZEOF (categories)];
+    /* Array of remembered results of gl_locale_name_thread, stored in safe
+       memory.  */
+    char *saved_names[SIZEOF (choices)][SIZEOF (categories)];
+    unsigned int j;
+
+    for (j = 0; j < SIZEOF (choices); j++)
+      {
+        locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, choices[j], NULL);
+        available[j] = (locale != NULL);
+        if (locale != NULL)
+          {
+            unsigned int i;
+
+            uselocale (locale);
+            for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+              {
+                unsaved_names[j][i] = gl_locale_name_thread (categories[i].cat, categories[i].string);
+                saved_names[j][i] = strdup (unsaved_names[j][i]);
+              }
+            uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+            freelocale (locale);
+          }
+      }
+    /* Verify the unsaved_names are still valid.  */
+    for (j = 0; j < SIZEOF (choices); j++)
+      if (available[j])
+        {
+          unsigned int i;
+
+          for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+            ASSERT (strcmp (unsaved_names[j][i], saved_names[j][i]) == 0);
+        }
+    /* Allocate many locales, without freeing them.  This is an attempt at
+       overwriting as much of the previously allocated memory as possible.  */
+    for (j = SIZEOF (choices); j > 0; )
+      {
+        j--;
+        if (available[j])
+          {
+            locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, choices[j], NULL);
+            unsigned int i;
+
+            ASSERT (locale != NULL);
+            uselocale (locale);
+            for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+              {
+                const char *name = gl_locale_name_thread (categories[i].cat, categories[i].string);
+                ASSERT (strcmp (unsaved_names[j][i], name) == 0);
+              }
+            uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+          }
+      }
+    /* Verify the unsaved_names are still valid.  */
+    for (j = 0; j < SIZEOF (choices); j++)
+      if (available[j])
+        {
+          unsigned int i;
+
+          for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (categories); i++)
+            ASSERT (strcmp (unsaved_names[j][i], saved_names[j][i]) == 0);
+        }
+  }
+#else
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_thread always returns NULL.  */
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_thread (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE") == NULL);
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_thread (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Test the gl_locale_name_posix() function.  */
+static void
+test_locale_name_posix (void)
+{
+  const char *name;
+
+  /* Get into a defined state,  */
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+#endif
+
+  /* Check that when all environment variables are unset,
+     gl_locale_name_posix returns either NULL or the default locale.  */
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LC_NUMERIC");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_NUMERIC, "LC_NUMERIC");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  /* Check that an empty environment variable is treated like an unset
+     environment variable.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "", 1);
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+
+  /* Check that LC_ALL overrides the others, and LANG is overridden by the
+     others.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "C", 1);
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "C", 1);
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+  name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  /* Check mixed situations.  */
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  setenv ("LANG", "de_DE.UTF-8", 1);
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") != NULL)
+    {
+      name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "de_DE.UTF-8") == 0);
+      name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+    }
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") != NULL)
+    {
+      name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+      ASSERT (name == NULL || strcmp (name, gl_locale_name_default ()) == 0);
+      name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+      ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+    }
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_posix ignores the thread locale.  */
+  {
+    locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+    if (locale != NULL)
+      {
+        unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+        unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+        unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+        setenv ("LANG", "C", 1);
+        setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+        uselocale (locale);
+        name = gl_locale_name_posix (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+      }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Test the gl_locale_name_environ() function.  */
+static void
+test_locale_name_environ (void)
+{
+  const char *name;
+
+  /* Get into a defined state,  */
+  setlocale (LC_ALL, "en_US.UTF-8");
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  uselocale (LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
+#endif
+
+  /* Check that when all environment variables are unset,
+     gl_locale_name_environ returns NULL.  */
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LC_NUMERIC");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_NUMERIC, "LC_NUMERIC") == NULL);
+
+  /* Check that an empty environment variable is treated like an unset
+     environment variable.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "", 1);
+  ASSERT (gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES") == NULL);
+
+  /* Check that LC_ALL overrides the others, and LANG is overridden by the
+     others.  */
+
+  setenv ("LC_ALL", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  setenv ("LC_CTYPE", "C", 1);
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "C", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+  setenv ("LANG", "C", 1);
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+
+  /* Check mixed situations.  */
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  setenv ("LANG", "de_DE.UTF-8", 1);
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "de_DE.UTF-8") == 0);
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+
+  unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+  unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+  setenv ("LC_MESSAGES", "fr_FR.UTF-8", 1);
+  unsetenv ("LANG");
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_CTYPE, "LC_CTYPE");
+  ASSERT (name == NULL);
+  name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "fr_FR.UTF-8") == 0);
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_environ ignores the thread locale.  */
+  {
+    locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+    if (locale != NULL)
+      {
+        unsetenv ("LC_ALL");
+        unsetenv ("LC_CTYPE");
+        unsetenv ("LC_MESSAGES");
+        setenv ("LANG", "C", 1);
+        setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+        uselocale (locale);
+        name = gl_locale_name_environ (LC_MESSAGES, "LC_MESSAGES");
+        ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+      }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Test the gl_locale_name_default() function.  */
+static void
+test_locale_name_default (void)
+{
+  const char *name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+  ASSERT (name != NULL);
+
+  /* Only Mac OS X and Windows have a facility for the user to set the default
+     locale.  */
+#if !((defined __APPLE__ && defined __MACH__) || (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__ || defined __CYGWIN__))
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name, "C") == 0);
+#endif
+
+#if HAVE_NEWLOCALE
+  /* Check that gl_locale_name_default ignores the thread locale.  */
+  {
+    locale_t locale = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "fr_FR.UTF-8", NULL);
+    if (locale != NULL)
+      {
+        uselocale (locale);
+        ASSERT (strcmp (gl_locale_name_default (), name) == 0);
+      }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  test_locale_name ();
+  test_locale_name_thread ();
+  test_locale_name_posix ();
+  test_locale_name_environ ();
+  test_locale_name_default ();
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.c b/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08f9224f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/* Test of setting the current locale.
+   Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <locale.h>
+
+#include "signature.h"
+SIGNATURE_CHECK (setlocale, char *, (int, const char *));
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+int
+main (int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+  char *name1;
+  char *name2;
+
+  /* Try to set the locale by implicitly looking at the LC_ALL environment
+     variable.
+     configure should already have checked that the locale is supported.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") == NULL)
+    return 1;
+
+  name1 = strdup (setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL));
+
+  /* Reset the locale.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "C") == NULL)
+    return 1;
+
+  /* Try to set the locale by explicitly looking at the LC_ALL environment
+     variable.
+     configure should already have checked that the locale is supported.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) == NULL)
+    return 1;
+
+  name2 = strdup (setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL));
+
+  /* Test that the two results are the same.  */
+  ASSERT (strcmp (name1, name2) == 0);
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.sh b/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..59a0532dde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-setlocale1.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+: ${LOCALE_FR=fr_FR}
+: ${LOCALE_FR_UTF8=fr_FR.UTF-8}
+: ${LOCALE_JA=ja_JP}
+: ${LOCALE_ZH_CN=zh_CN.GB18030}
+
+if test $LOCALE_FR = none && test $LOCALE_FR_UTF8 = none \
+   && test $LOCALE_JA = none && test $LOCALE_ZH_CN = none; then
+  if test -f /usr/bin/localedef; then
+    echo "Skipping test: no locale for testing is installed"
+  else
+    echo "Skipping test: no locale for testing is supported"
+  fi
+  exit 77
+fi
+
+if test $LOCALE_FR != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_FR      ./test-setlocale1${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+fi
+
+if test $LOCALE_FR_UTF8 != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_FR_UTF8 ./test-setlocale1${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+fi
+
+if test $LOCALE_JA != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_JA      ./test-setlocale1${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+fi
+
+if test $LOCALE_ZH_CN != none; then
+  LC_ALL=$LOCALE_ZH_CN   ./test-setlocale1${EXEEXT} || exit 1
+fi
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.c b/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..74166477b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/* Test of setting the current locale.
+   Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <locale.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  /* Try to set the locale by implicitly looking at the LC_ALL environment
+     variable.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "") != NULL)
+    /* It was successful.  Check whether LC_CTYPE is non-trivial.  */
+    if (strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "setlocale did not fail for implicit %s\n",
+                 getenv ("LC_ALL"));
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+  /* Reset the locale.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, "C") == NULL)
+    return 1;
+
+  /* Try to set the locale by explicitly looking at the LC_ALL environment
+     variable.  */
+  if (setlocale (LC_ALL, getenv ("LC_ALL")) != NULL)
+    /* It was successful.  Check whether LC_CTYPE is non-trivial.  */
+    if (strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C") == 0)
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "setlocale did not fail for explicit %s\n",
+                 getenv ("LC_ALL"));
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.sh b/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..904e147f4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/test-setlocale2.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Test locale names with likely unsupported encoding in Unix syntax.
+for name in ar_SA.ISO-8859-1 fr_FR.CP1251 zh_TW.GB18030 zh_CN.BIG5; do
+  env LC_ALL=$name ./test-setlocale2${EXEEXT} 1 || exit 1
+done
+
+# Test locale names with likely unsupported encoding in native Windows syntax.
+for name in "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1252" "Arabic_Saudi Arabia.65001" \
+            French_France.65001 Japanese_Japan.65001 Turkish_Turkey.65001 \
+            Chinese_Taiwan.65001 Chinese_China.54936 Chinese_China.65001; do
+  # Here we use 'env' to set the LC_ALL environment variable, because on
+  # Solaris 11 2011-11, the /bin/sh refuses to do it for Turkish_Turkey.65001.
+  env LC_ALL="$name" ./test-setlocale2${EXEEXT} 1 || exit 1
+done
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c b/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e38885e3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-mbtoucr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+/* Test of u8_mbtoucr() function.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2010.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "unistr.h"
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  ucs4_t uc;
+  int ret;
+
+  /* Test NUL unit input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = "";
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == 1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0);
+  }
+
+  /* Test ISO 646 unit input.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t c;
+    uint8_t buf[1];
+
+    for (c = 0; c < 0x80; c++)
+      {
+        buf[0] = c;
+        uc = 0xBADFACE;
+        ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, buf, 1);
+        ASSERT (ret == 1);
+        ASSERT (uc == c);
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* Test 2-byte character input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xC3, 0x97 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == 2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0x00D7);
+  }
+
+  /* Test 3-byte character input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xE2, 0x82, 0xAC };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == 3);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0x20AC);
+  }
+
+  /* Test 4-byte character input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF4, 0x8F, 0xBF, 0xBD };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 4);
+    ASSERT (ret == 4);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0x10FFFD);
+  }
+
+  /* Test incomplete/invalid 1-byte input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xC1 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xC3 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xE2 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF4 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xFE };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+
+  /* Test incomplete/invalid 2-byte input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xE0, 0x9F };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xE2, 0x82 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xE2, 0xD0 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF0, 0x8F };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF3, 0x8F };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF3, 0xD0 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+
+  /* Test incomplete/invalid 3-byte input.  */
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF3, 0x8F, 0xBF };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF3, 0xD0, 0xBF };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+  {
+    static const uint8_t input[] = { 0xF3, 0x8F, 0xD0 };
+    uc = 0xBADFACE;
+    ret = u8_mbtoucr (&uc, input, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == -1);
+    ASSERT (uc == 0xFFFD);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c b/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..988808e48d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/tests/unistr/test-u8-uctomb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/* Test of u8_uctomb() function.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2010.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include "unistr.h"
+
+#include "macros.h"
+
+#define MAGIC 0xBA
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  /* Test ISO 646 character, in particular the NUL character.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t uc;
+
+    for (uc = 0; uc < 0x80; uc++)
+      {
+        uint8_t buf[5] = { MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC };
+        int ret;
+
+        ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 0);
+        ASSERT (ret == -2);
+        ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+        ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 1);
+        ASSERT (ret == 1);
+        ASSERT (buf[0] == uc);
+        ASSERT (buf[1] == MAGIC);
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* Test 2-byte character.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t uc = 0x00D7;
+    uint8_t buf[5] = { MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC };
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 0);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == 2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == 0xC3);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == 0x97);
+    ASSERT (buf[2] == MAGIC);
+  }
+
+  /* Test 3-byte character.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t uc = 0x20AC;
+    uint8_t buf[5] = { MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC };
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 0);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == 3);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == 0xE2);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == 0x82);
+    ASSERT (buf[2] == 0xAC);
+    ASSERT (buf[3] == MAGIC);
+  }
+
+  /* Test 4-byte character.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t uc = 0x10FFFD;
+    uint8_t buf[5] = { MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC };
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 0);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 1);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 2);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 3);
+    ASSERT (ret == -2);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == MAGIC);
+    ASSERT (buf[2] == MAGIC);
+
+    ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, 4);
+    ASSERT (ret == 4);
+    ASSERT (buf[0] == 0xF4);
+    ASSERT (buf[1] == 0x8F);
+    ASSERT (buf[2] == 0xBF);
+    ASSERT (buf[3] == 0xBD);
+    ASSERT (buf[4] == MAGIC);
+  }
+
+  /* Test invalid characters.  */
+  {
+    ucs4_t invalid[] = { 0x110000, 0xD800, 0xDBFF, 0xDC00, 0xDFFF };
+    uint8_t buf[5] = { MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC, MAGIC };
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < SIZEOF (invalid); i++)
+      {
+        ucs4_t uc = invalid[i];
+        int n;
+
+        for (n = 0; n <= 4; n++)
+          {
+            int ret = u8_uctomb (buf, uc, n);
+            ASSERT (ret == -1);
+            ASSERT (buf[0] == MAGIC);
+            ASSERT (buf[1] == MAGIC);
+            ASSERT (buf[2] == MAGIC);
+            ASSERT (buf[3] == MAGIC);
+            ASSERT (buf[4] == MAGIC);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/gl/unistr.in.h b/gl/unistr.in.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cda3f5a84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/unistr.in.h
@@ -0,0 +1,750 @@
+/* Elementary Unicode string functions.
+   Copyright (C) 2001-2002, 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _UNISTR_H
+#define _UNISTR_H
+
+#include "unitypes.h"
+
+/* Get common macros for C.  */
+#include "unused-parameter.h"
+
+/* Get bool.  */
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+/* Get size_t.  */
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/* Conventions:
+
+   All functions prefixed with u8_ operate on UTF-8 encoded strings.
+   Their unit is an uint8_t (1 byte).
+
+   All functions prefixed with u16_ operate on UTF-16 encoded strings.
+   Their unit is an uint16_t (a 2-byte word).
+
+   All functions prefixed with u32_ operate on UCS-4 encoded strings.
+   Their unit is an uint32_t (a 4-byte word).
+
+   All argument pairs (s, n) denote a Unicode string s[0..n-1] with exactly
+   n units.
+
+   All arguments starting with "str" and the arguments of functions starting
+   with u8_str/u16_str/u32_str denote a NUL terminated string, i.e. a string
+   which terminates at the first NUL unit.  This termination unit is
+   considered part of the string for all memory allocation purposes, but
+   is not considered part of the string for all other logical purposes.
+
+   Functions returning a string result take a (resultbuf, lengthp) argument
+   pair.  If resultbuf is not NULL and the result fits into *lengthp units,
+   it is put in resultbuf, and resultbuf is returned.  Otherwise, a freshly
+   allocated string is returned.  In both cases, *lengthp is set to the
+   length (number of units) of the returned string.  In case of error,
+   NULL is returned and errno is set.  */
+
+
+/* Elementary string checks.  */
+
+/* Check whether an UTF-8 string is well-formed.
+   Return NULL if valid, or a pointer to the first invalid unit otherwise.  */
+extern const uint8_t *
+       u8_check (const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Check whether an UTF-16 string is well-formed.
+   Return NULL if valid, or a pointer to the first invalid unit otherwise.  */
+extern const uint16_t *
+       u16_check (const uint16_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Check whether an UCS-4 string is well-formed.
+   Return NULL if valid, or a pointer to the first invalid unit otherwise.  */
+extern const uint32_t *
+       u32_check (const uint32_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+
+/* Elementary string conversions.  */
+
+/* Convert an UTF-8 string to an UTF-16 string.  */
+extern uint16_t *
+       u8_to_u16 (const uint8_t *s, size_t n, uint16_t *resultbuf,
+                  size_t *lengthp);
+
+/* Convert an UTF-8 string to an UCS-4 string.  */
+extern uint32_t *
+       u8_to_u32 (const uint8_t *s, size_t n, uint32_t *resultbuf,
+                  size_t *lengthp);
+
+/* Convert an UTF-16 string to an UTF-8 string.  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u16_to_u8 (const uint16_t *s, size_t n, uint8_t *resultbuf,
+                  size_t *lengthp);
+
+/* Convert an UTF-16 string to an UCS-4 string.  */
+extern uint32_t *
+       u16_to_u32 (const uint16_t *s, size_t n, uint32_t *resultbuf,
+                   size_t *lengthp);
+
+/* Convert an UCS-4 string to an UTF-8 string.  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u32_to_u8 (const uint32_t *s, size_t n, uint8_t *resultbuf,
+                  size_t *lengthp);
+
+/* Convert an UCS-4 string to an UTF-16 string.  */
+extern uint16_t *
+       u32_to_u16 (const uint32_t *s, size_t n, uint16_t *resultbuf,
+                   size_t *lengthp);
+
+
+/* Elementary string functions.  */
+
+/* Return the length (number of units) of the first character in S, which is
+   no longer than N.  Return 0 if it is the NUL character.  Return -1 upon
+   failure.  */
+/* Similar to mblen(), except that s must not be NULL.  */
+extern int
+       u8_mblen (const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u16_mblen (const uint16_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_mblen (const uint32_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Return the length (number of units) of the first character in S, putting
+   its 'ucs4_t' representation in *PUC.  Upon failure, *PUC is set to 0xfffd,
+   and an appropriate number of units is returned.
+   The number of available units, N, must be > 0.  */
+/* Similar to mbtowc(), except that puc and s must not be NULL, n must be > 0,
+   and the NUL character is not treated specially.  */
+/* The variants with _safe suffix are safe, even if the library is compiled
+   without --enable-safety.  */
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U8_MBTOUC_UNSAFE || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u8_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+extern int
+       u8_mbtouc_unsafe_aux (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+static inline int
+u8_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+{
+  uint8_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0x80)
+    {
+      *puc = c;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u8_mbtouc_unsafe_aux (puc, s, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U16_MBTOUC_UNSAFE || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u16_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+extern int
+       u16_mbtouc_unsafe_aux (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+static inline int
+u16_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n)
+{
+  uint16_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0xd800 || c >= 0xe000)
+    {
+      *puc = c;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u16_mbtouc_unsafe_aux (puc, s, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U32_MBTOUC_UNSAFE || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u32_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+static inline int
+u32_mbtouc_unsafe (ucs4_t *puc,
+                   const uint32_t *s, size_t n _GL_UNUSED_PARAMETER)
+{
+  uint32_t c = *s;
+
+#  if CONFIG_UNICODE_SAFETY
+  if (c < 0xd800 || (c >= 0xe000 && c < 0x110000))
+#  endif
+    *puc = c;
+#  if CONFIG_UNICODE_SAFETY
+  else
+    /* invalid multibyte character */
+    *puc = 0xfffd;
+#  endif
+  return 1;
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U8_MBTOUC || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u8_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+extern int
+       u8_mbtouc_aux (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+static inline int
+u8_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+{
+  uint8_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0x80)
+    {
+      *puc = c;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u8_mbtouc_aux (puc, s, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U16_MBTOUC || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u16_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+extern int
+       u16_mbtouc_aux (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+static inline int
+u16_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n)
+{
+  uint16_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0xd800 || c >= 0xe000)
+    {
+      *puc = c;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u16_mbtouc_aux (puc, s, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U32_MBTOUC || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u32_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s, size_t n);
+# else
+static inline int
+u32_mbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s, size_t n _GL_UNUSED_PARAMETER)
+{
+  uint32_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0xd800 || (c >= 0xe000 && c < 0x110000))
+    *puc = c;
+  else
+    /* invalid multibyte character */
+    *puc = 0xfffd;
+  return 1;
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* Return the length (number of units) of the first character in S, putting
+   its 'ucs4_t' representation in *PUC.  Upon failure, *PUC is set to 0xfffd,
+   and -1 is returned for an invalid sequence of units, -2 is returned for an
+   incomplete sequence of units.
+   The number of available units, N, must be > 0.  */
+/* Similar to u*_mbtouc(), except that the return value gives more details
+   about the failure, similar to mbrtowc().  */
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U8_MBTOUCR || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+extern int
+       u8_mbtoucr (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U16_MBTOUCR || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+extern int
+       u16_mbtoucr (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U32_MBTOUCR || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+extern int
+       u32_mbtoucr (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s, size_t n);
+#endif
+
+/* Put the multibyte character represented by UC in S, returning its
+   length.  Return -1 upon failure, -2 if the number of available units, N,
+   is too small.  The latter case cannot occur if N >= 6/2/1, respectively.  */
+/* Similar to wctomb(), except that s must not be NULL, and the argument n
+   must be specified.  */
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U8_UCTOMB || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+/* Auxiliary function, also used by u8_chr, u8_strchr, u8_strrchr.  */
+extern int
+       u8_uctomb_aux (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n);
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u8_uctomb (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n);
+# else
+static inline int
+u8_uctomb (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n)
+{
+  if (uc < 0x80 && n > 0)
+    {
+      s[0] = uc;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u8_uctomb_aux (s, uc, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U16_UCTOMB || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+/* Auxiliary function, also used by u16_chr, u16_strchr, u16_strrchr.  */
+extern int
+       u16_uctomb_aux (uint16_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n);
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u16_uctomb (uint16_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n);
+# else
+static inline int
+u16_uctomb (uint16_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n)
+{
+  if (uc < 0xd800 && n > 0)
+    {
+      s[0] = uc;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else
+    return u16_uctomb_aux (s, uc, n);
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if GNULIB_UNISTR_U32_UCTOMB || HAVE_LIBUNISTRING
+# if !HAVE_INLINE
+extern int
+       u32_uctomb (uint32_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n);
+# else
+static inline int
+u32_uctomb (uint32_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n)
+{
+  if (uc < 0xd800 || (uc >= 0xe000 && uc < 0x110000))
+    {
+      if (n > 0)
+        {
+          *s = uc;
+          return 1;
+        }
+      else
+        return -2;
+    }
+  else
+    return -1;
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* Copy N units from SRC to DEST.  */
+/* Similar to memcpy().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_cpy (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_cpy (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_cpy (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src, size_t n);
+
+/* Copy N units from SRC to DEST, guaranteeing correct behavior for
+   overlapping memory areas.  */
+/* Similar to memmove().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_move (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_move (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_move (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src, size_t n);
+
+/* Set the first N characters of S to UC.  UC should be a character that
+   occupies only 1 unit.  */
+/* Similar to memset().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_set (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_set (uint16_t *s, ucs4_t uc, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_set (uint32_t *s, ucs4_t uc, size_t n);
+
+/* Compare S1 and S2, each of length N.  */
+/* Similar to memcmp().  */
+extern int
+       u8_cmp (const uint8_t *s1, const uint8_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u16_cmp (const uint16_t *s1, const uint16_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_cmp (const uint32_t *s1, const uint32_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Compare S1 and S2.  */
+/* Similar to the gnulib function memcmp2().  */
+extern int
+       u8_cmp2 (const uint8_t *s1, size_t n1, const uint8_t *s2, size_t n2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u16_cmp2 (const uint16_t *s1, size_t n1, const uint16_t *s2, size_t n2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_cmp2 (const uint32_t *s1, size_t n1, const uint32_t *s2, size_t n2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Search the string at S for UC.  */
+/* Similar to memchr().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_chr (const uint8_t *s, size_t n, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_chr (const uint16_t *s, size_t n, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_chr (const uint32_t *s, size_t n, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Count the number of Unicode characters in the N units from S.  */
+/* Similar to mbsnlen().  */
+extern size_t
+       u8_mbsnlen (const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u16_mbsnlen (const uint16_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u32_mbsnlen (const uint32_t *s, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Elementary string functions with memory allocation.  */
+
+/* Make a freshly allocated copy of S, of length N.  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_cpy_alloc (const uint8_t *s, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_cpy_alloc (const uint16_t *s, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_cpy_alloc (const uint32_t *s, size_t n);
+
+/* Elementary string functions on NUL terminated strings.  */
+
+/* Return the length (number of units) of the first character in S.
+   Return 0 if it is the NUL character.  Return -1 upon failure.  */
+extern int
+       u8_strmblen (const uint8_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u16_strmblen (const uint16_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_strmblen (const uint32_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Return the length (number of units) of the first character in S, putting
+   its 'ucs4_t' representation in *PUC.  Return 0 if it is the NUL
+   character.  Return -1 upon failure.  */
+extern int
+       u8_strmbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s);
+extern int
+       u16_strmbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s);
+extern int
+       u32_strmbtouc (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s);
+
+/* Forward iteration step.  Advances the pointer past the next character,
+   or returns NULL if the end of the string has been reached.  Puts the
+   character's 'ucs4_t' representation in *PUC.  */
+extern const uint8_t *
+       u8_next (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s);
+extern const uint16_t *
+       u16_next (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s);
+extern const uint32_t *
+       u32_next (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s);
+
+/* Backward iteration step.  Advances the pointer to point to the previous
+   character, or returns NULL if the beginning of the string had been reached.
+   Puts the character's 'ucs4_t' representation in *PUC.  */
+extern const uint8_t *
+       u8_prev (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, const uint8_t *start);
+extern const uint16_t *
+       u16_prev (ucs4_t *puc, const uint16_t *s, const uint16_t *start);
+extern const uint32_t *
+       u32_prev (ucs4_t *puc, const uint32_t *s, const uint32_t *start);
+
+/* Return the number of units in S.  */
+/* Similar to strlen(), wcslen().  */
+extern size_t
+       u8_strlen (const uint8_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u16_strlen (const uint16_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u32_strlen (const uint32_t *s)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Return the number of units in S, but at most MAXLEN.  */
+/* Similar to strnlen(), wcsnlen().  */
+extern size_t
+       u8_strnlen (const uint8_t *s, size_t maxlen)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u16_strnlen (const uint16_t *s, size_t maxlen)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u32_strnlen (const uint32_t *s, size_t maxlen)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Copy SRC to DEST.  */
+/* Similar to strcpy(), wcscpy().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strcpy (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strcpy (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strcpy (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src);
+
+/* Copy SRC to DEST, returning the address of the terminating NUL in DEST.  */
+/* Similar to stpcpy().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_stpcpy (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_stpcpy (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_stpcpy (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src);
+
+/* Copy no more than N units of SRC to DEST.  */
+/* Similar to strncpy(), wcsncpy().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strncpy (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strncpy (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strncpy (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src, size_t n);
+
+/* Copy no more than N units of SRC to DEST.  Return a pointer past the last
+   non-NUL unit written into DEST.  */
+/* Similar to stpncpy().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_stpncpy (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_stpncpy (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_stpncpy (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src, size_t n);
+
+/* Append SRC onto DEST.  */
+/* Similar to strcat(), wcscat().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strcat (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strcat (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strcat (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src);
+
+/* Append no more than N units of SRC onto DEST.  */
+/* Similar to strncat(), wcsncat().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strncat (uint8_t *dest, const uint8_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strncat (uint16_t *dest, const uint16_t *src, size_t n);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strncat (uint32_t *dest, const uint32_t *src, size_t n);
+
+/* Compare S1 and S2.  */
+/* Similar to strcmp(), wcscmp().  */
+#ifdef __sun
+/* Avoid a collision with the u8_strcmp() function in Solaris 11 libc.  */
+extern int
+       u8_strcmp_gnu (const uint8_t *s1, const uint8_t *s2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+# define u8_strcmp u8_strcmp_gnu
+#else
+extern int
+       u8_strcmp (const uint8_t *s1, const uint8_t *s2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+#endif
+extern int
+       u16_strcmp (const uint16_t *s1, const uint16_t *s2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_strcmp (const uint32_t *s1, const uint32_t *s2)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Compare S1 and S2 using the collation rules of the current locale.
+   Return -1 if S1 < S2, 0 if S1 = S2, 1 if S1 > S2.
+   Upon failure, set errno and return any value.  */
+/* Similar to strcoll(), wcscoll().  */
+extern int
+       u8_strcoll (const uint8_t *s1, const uint8_t *s2);
+extern int
+       u16_strcoll (const uint16_t *s1, const uint16_t *s2);
+extern int
+       u32_strcoll (const uint32_t *s1, const uint32_t *s2);
+
+/* Compare no more than N units of S1 and S2.  */
+/* Similar to strncmp(), wcsncmp().  */
+extern int
+       u8_strncmp (const uint8_t *s1, const uint8_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u16_strncmp (const uint16_t *s1, const uint16_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern int
+       u32_strncmp (const uint32_t *s1, const uint32_t *s2, size_t n)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Duplicate S, returning an identical malloc'd string.  */
+/* Similar to strdup(), wcsdup().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strdup (const uint8_t *s);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strdup (const uint16_t *s);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strdup (const uint32_t *s);
+
+/* Find the first occurrence of UC in STR.  */
+/* Similar to strchr(), wcschr().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strchr (const uint8_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strchr (const uint16_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strchr (const uint32_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Find the last occurrence of UC in STR.  */
+/* Similar to strrchr(), wcsrchr().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strrchr (const uint8_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strrchr (const uint16_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strrchr (const uint32_t *str, ucs4_t uc)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Return the length of the initial segment of STR which consists entirely
+   of Unicode characters not in REJECT.  */
+/* Similar to strcspn(), wcscspn().  */
+extern size_t
+       u8_strcspn (const uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *reject)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u16_strcspn (const uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *reject)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u32_strcspn (const uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *reject)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Return the length of the initial segment of STR which consists entirely
+   of Unicode characters in ACCEPT.  */
+/* Similar to strspn(), wcsspn().  */
+extern size_t
+       u8_strspn (const uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u16_strspn (const uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern size_t
+       u32_strspn (const uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Find the first occurrence in STR of any character in ACCEPT.  */
+/* Similar to strpbrk(), wcspbrk().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strpbrk (const uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strpbrk (const uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strpbrk (const uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *accept)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Find the first occurrence of NEEDLE in HAYSTACK.  */
+/* Similar to strstr(), wcsstr().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strstr (const uint8_t *haystack, const uint8_t *needle)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strstr (const uint16_t *haystack, const uint16_t *needle)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strstr (const uint32_t *haystack, const uint32_t *needle)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Test whether STR starts with PREFIX.  */
+extern bool
+       u8_startswith (const uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *prefix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern bool
+       u16_startswith (const uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *prefix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern bool
+       u32_startswith (const uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *prefix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Test whether STR ends with SUFFIX.  */
+extern bool
+       u8_endswith (const uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *suffix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern bool
+       u16_endswith (const uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *suffix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+extern bool
+       u32_endswith (const uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *suffix)
+       _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE;
+
+/* Divide STR into tokens separated by characters in DELIM.
+   This interface is actually more similar to wcstok than to strtok.  */
+/* Similar to strtok_r(), wcstok().  */
+extern uint8_t *
+       u8_strtok (uint8_t *str, const uint8_t *delim, uint8_t **ptr);
+extern uint16_t *
+       u16_strtok (uint16_t *str, const uint16_t *delim, uint16_t **ptr);
+extern uint32_t *
+       u32_strtok (uint32_t *str, const uint32_t *delim, uint32_t **ptr);
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _UNISTR_H */
diff --git a/gl/unistr/u8-mbtoucr.c b/gl/unistr/u8-mbtoucr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bc59d7ce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/unistr/u8-mbtoucr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+/* Look at first character in UTF-8 string, returning an error code.
+   Copyright (C) 1999-2002, 2006-2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2001.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include "unistr.h"
+
+int
+u8_mbtoucr (ucs4_t *puc, const uint8_t *s, size_t n)
+{
+  uint8_t c = *s;
+
+  if (c < 0x80)
+    {
+      *puc = c;
+      return 1;
+    }
+  else if (c >= 0xc2)
+    {
+      if (c < 0xe0)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              if ((s[1] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                {
+                  *puc = ((unsigned int) (c & 0x1f) << 6)
+                         | (unsigned int) (s[1] ^ 0x80);
+                  return 2;
+                }
+              /* invalid multibyte character */
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+              *puc = 0xfffd;
+              return -2;
+            }
+        }
+      else if (c < 0xf0)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              if ((s[1] ^ 0x80) < 0x40
+                  && (c >= 0xe1 || s[1] >= 0xa0)
+                  && (c != 0xed || s[1] < 0xa0))
+                {
+                  if (n >= 3)
+                    {
+                      if ((s[2] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                        {
+                          *puc = ((unsigned int) (c & 0x0f) << 12)
+                                 | ((unsigned int) (s[1] ^ 0x80) << 6)
+                                 | (unsigned int) (s[2] ^ 0x80);
+                          return 3;
+                        }
+                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                      return -2;
+                    }
+                }
+              /* invalid multibyte character */
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+              *puc = 0xfffd;
+              return -2;
+            }
+        }
+      else if (c < 0xf8)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              if ((s[1] ^ 0x80) < 0x40
+                  && (c >= 0xf1 || s[1] >= 0x90)
+#if 1
+                  && (c < 0xf4 || (c == 0xf4 && s[1] < 0x90))
+#endif
+                 )
+                {
+                  if (n >= 3)
+                    {
+                      if ((s[2] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                        {
+                          if (n >= 4)
+                            {
+                              if ((s[3] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                {
+                                  *puc = ((unsigned int) (c & 0x07) << 18)
+                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[1] ^ 0x80) << 12)
+                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[2] ^ 0x80) << 6)
+                                         | (unsigned int) (s[3] ^ 0x80);
+                                  return 4;
+                                }
+                              /* invalid multibyte character */
+                            }
+                          else
+                            {
+                              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                              *puc = 0xfffd;
+                              return -2;
+                            }
+                        }
+                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                      return -2;
+                    }
+                }
+              /* invalid multibyte character */
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+              *puc = 0xfffd;
+              return -2;
+            }
+        }
+#if 0
+      else if (c < 0xfc)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              if ((s[1] ^ 0x80) < 0x40
+                  && (c >= 0xf9 || s[1] >= 0x88))
+                {
+                  if (n >= 3)
+                    {
+                      if ((s[2] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                        {
+                          if (n >= 4)
+                            {
+                              if ((s[3] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                {
+                                  if (n >= 5)
+                                    {
+                                      if ((s[4] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                        {
+                                          *puc = ((unsigned int) (c & 0x03) << 24)
+                                                 | ((unsigned int) (s[1] ^ 0x80) << 18)
+                                                 | ((unsigned int) (s[2] ^ 0x80) << 12)
+                                                 | ((unsigned int) (s[3] ^ 0x80) << 6)
+                                                 | (unsigned int) (s[4] ^ 0x80);
+                                          return 5;
+                                        }
+                                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                                    }
+                                  else
+                                    {
+                                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                                      return -2;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                              /* invalid multibyte character */
+                            }
+                          else
+                            {
+                              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                              *puc = 0xfffd;
+                              return -2;
+                            }
+                        }
+                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                      return -2;
+                    }
+                }
+              /* invalid multibyte character */
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+              *puc = 0xfffd;
+              return -2;
+            }
+        }
+      else if (c < 0xfe)
+        {
+          if (n >= 2)
+            {
+              if ((s[1] ^ 0x80) < 0x40
+                  && (c >= 0xfd || s[1] >= 0x84))
+                {
+                  if (n >= 3)
+                    {
+                      if ((s[2] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                        {
+                          if (n >= 4)
+                            {
+                              if ((s[3] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                {
+                                  if (n >= 5)
+                                    {
+                                      if ((s[4] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                        {
+                                          if (n >= 6)
+                                            {
+                                              if ((s[5] ^ 0x80) < 0x40)
+                                                {
+                                                  *puc = ((unsigned int) (c & 0x01) << 30)
+                                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[1] ^ 0x80) << 24)
+                                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[2] ^ 0x80) << 18)
+                                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[3] ^ 0x80) << 12)
+                                                         | ((unsigned int) (s[4] ^ 0x80) << 6)
+                                                         | (unsigned int) (s[5] ^ 0x80);
+                                                  return 6;
+                                                }
+                                              /* invalid multibyte character */
+                                            }
+                                          else
+                                            {
+                                              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                                              *puc = 0xfffd;
+                                              return -2;
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                                    }
+                                  else
+                                    {
+                                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                                      return -2;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                              /* invalid multibyte character */
+                            }
+                          else
+                            {
+                              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                              *puc = 0xfffd;
+                              return -2;
+                            }
+                        }
+                      /* invalid multibyte character */
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      /* incomplete multibyte character */
+                      *puc = 0xfffd;
+                      return -2;
+                    }
+                }
+              /* invalid multibyte character */
+            }
+          else
+            {
+              /* incomplete multibyte character */
+              *puc = 0xfffd;
+              return -2;
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+  /* invalid multibyte character */
+  *puc = 0xfffd;
+  return -1;
+}
diff --git a/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb-aux.c b/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb-aux.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ee212b7ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb-aux.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/* Conversion UCS-4 to UTF-8.
+   Copyright (C) 2002, 2006-2007, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2002.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include "unistr.h"
+
+int
+u8_uctomb_aux (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n)
+{
+  int count;
+
+  if (uc < 0x80)
+    /* The case n >= 1 is already handled by the caller.  */
+    return -2;
+  else if (uc < 0x800)
+    count = 2;
+  else if (uc < 0x10000)
+    {
+      if (uc < 0xd800 || uc >= 0xe000)
+        count = 3;
+      else
+        return -1;
+    }
+#if 0
+  else if (uc < 0x200000)
+    count = 4;
+  else if (uc < 0x4000000)
+    count = 5;
+  else if (uc <= 0x7fffffff)
+    count = 6;
+#else
+  else if (uc < 0x110000)
+    count = 4;
+#endif
+  else
+    return -1;
+
+  if (n < count)
+    return -2;
+
+  switch (count) /* note: code falls through cases! */
+    {
+#if 0
+    case 6: s[5] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x4000000;
+    case 5: s[4] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x200000;
+#endif
+    case 4: s[3] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x10000;
+    case 3: s[2] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x800;
+    case 2: s[1] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0xc0;
+  /*case 1:*/ s[0] = uc;
+    }
+  return count;
+}
diff --git a/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb.c b/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e56e4a2386
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/unistr/u8-uctomb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/* Store a character in UTF-8 string.
+   Copyright (C) 2002, 2005-2006, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2002.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#if defined IN_LIBUNISTRING
+/* Tell unistr.h to declare u8_uctomb as 'extern', not 'static inline'.  */
+# include "unistring-notinline.h"
+#endif
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include "unistr.h"
+
+#if !HAVE_INLINE
+
+int
+u8_uctomb (uint8_t *s, ucs4_t uc, int n)
+{
+  if (uc < 0x80)
+    {
+      if (n > 0)
+        {
+          s[0] = uc;
+          return 1;
+        }
+      /* else return -2, below.  */
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      int count;
+
+      if (uc < 0x800)
+        count = 2;
+      else if (uc < 0x10000)
+        {
+          if (uc < 0xd800 || uc >= 0xe000)
+            count = 3;
+          else
+            return -1;
+        }
+#if 0
+      else if (uc < 0x200000)
+        count = 4;
+      else if (uc < 0x4000000)
+        count = 5;
+      else if (uc <= 0x7fffffff)
+        count = 6;
+#else
+      else if (uc < 0x110000)
+        count = 4;
+#endif
+      else
+        return -1;
+
+      if (n >= count)
+        {
+          switch (count) /* note: code falls through cases! */
+            {
+#if 0
+            case 6: s[5] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x4000000;
+            case 5: s[4] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x200000;
+#endif
+            case 4: s[3] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x10000;
+            case 3: s[2] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0x800;
+            case 2: s[1] = 0x80 | (uc & 0x3f); uc = uc >> 6; uc |= 0xc0;
+          /*case 1:*/ s[0] = uc;
+            }
+          return count;
+        }
+    }
+  return -2;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/gl/unitypes.in.h b/gl/unitypes.in.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e642b7a3be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gl/unitypes.in.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* Elementary types and macros for the GNU UniString library.
+   Copyright (C) 2002, 2005-2006, 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
+   by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#ifndef _UNITYPES_H
+#define _UNITYPES_H
+
+/* Get uint8_t, uint16_t, uint32_t.  */
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* Type representing a Unicode character.  */
+typedef uint32_t ucs4_t;
+
+/* Attribute of a function whose result depends only on the arguments
+   (not pointers!) and which has no side effects.  */
+#ifndef _UC_ATTRIBUTE_CONST
+# if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 95)
+#  define _UC_ATTRIBUTE_CONST __attribute__ ((__const__))
+# else
+#  define _UC_ATTRIBUTE_CONST
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* Attribute of a function whose result depends only on the arguments
+   (possibly pointers) and global memory, and which has no side effects.  */
+#ifndef _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
+# if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 96)
+#  define _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE __attribute__ ((__pure__))
+# else
+#  define _UC_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _UNITYPES_H */