path: root/scripts/check-obsolete-constructs.py

#! /usr/bin/python3
# Copyright (C) 2019-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is part of the GNU C Library.
#
# The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
# Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

"""Verifies that installed headers do not use any obsolete constructs:
 * legacy BSD typedefs superseded by <stdint.h>:
   ushort uint ulong u_char u_short u_int u_long u_intNN_t quad_t u_quad_t
   (sys/types.h is allowed to _define_ these types, but not to use them
    to define anything else).
"""

import argparse
import collections
import re
import sys

# Simplified lexical analyzer for C preprocessing tokens.
# Does not implement trigraphs.
# Does not implement backslash-newline in the middle of any lexical
#   item other than a string literal.
# Does not implement universal-character-names in identifiers.
# Treats prefixed strings (e.g. L"...") as two tokens (L and "...")
# Accepts non-ASCII characters only within comments and strings.

# Caution: The order of the outermost alternation matters.
# STRING must be before BAD_STRING, CHARCONST before BAD_CHARCONST,
# BLOCK_COMMENT before BAD_BLOCK_COM before PUNCTUATOR, and OTHER must
# be last.
# Caution: There should be no capturing groups other than the named
# captures in the outermost alternation.

# For reference, these are all of the C punctuators as of C11:
#   [ ] ( ) { } , ; ? ~
#   ! != * *= / /= ^ ^= = ==
#   # ##
#   % %= %> %: %:%:
#   & &= &&
#   | |= ||
#   + += ++
#   - -= -- ->
#   . ...
#   : :>
#   < <% <: << <<= <=
#   > >= >> >>=

# The BAD_* tokens are not part of the official definition of pp-tokens;
# they match unclosed strings, character constants, and block comments,
# so that the regex engine doesn't have to backtrack all the way to the
# beginning of a broken construct and then emit dozens of junk tokens.

PP_TOKEN_RE_ = re.compile(r"""
    (?P<STRING>        \"(?:[^\"\\\r\n]|\\(?:[\r\n -~]|\r\n))*\")
   |(?P<BAD_STRING>    \"(?:[^\"\\\r\n]|\\[ -~])*)
   |(?P<CHARCONST>     \'(?:[^\'\\\r\n]|\\(?:[\r\n -~]|\r\n))*\')
   |(?P<BAD_CHARCONST> \'(?:[^\'\\\r\n]|\\[ -~])*)
   |(?P<BLOCK_COMMENT> /\*(?:\*(?!/)|[^*])*\*/)
   |(?P<BAD_BLOCK_COM> /\*(?:\*(?!/)|[^*])*\*?)
   |(?P<LINE_COMMENT>  //[^\r\n]*)
   |(?P<IDENT>         [_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*)
   |(?P<PP_NUMBER>     \.?[0-9](?:[0-9a-df-oq-zA-DF-OQ-Z_.]|[eEpP][+-]?)*)
   |(?P<PUNCTUATOR>
       [,;?~(){}\[\]]
     | [!*/^=]=?
     | \#\#?
     | %(?:[=>]|:(?:%:)?)?
     | &[=&]?
     |\|[=|]?
     |\+[=+]?
     | -[=->]?
     |\.(?:\.\.)?
     | :>?
     | <(?:[%:]|<(?:=|<=?)?)?
     | >(?:=|>=?)?)
   |(?P<ESCNL>         \\(?:\r|\n|\r\n))
   |(?P<WHITESPACE>    [ \t\n\r\v\f]+)
   |(?P<OTHER>         .)
""", re.DOTALL | re.VERBOSE)

HEADER_NAME_RE_ = re.compile(r"""
    < [^>\r\n]+ >
  | " [^"\r\n]+ "
""", re.DOTALL | re.VERBOSE)

ENDLINE_RE_ = re.compile(r"""\r|\n|\r\n""")

# based on the sample code in the Python re documentation
Token_ = collections.namedtuple("Token", (
    "kind", "text", "line", "column", "context"))
Token_.__doc__ = """
   One C preprocessing token, comment, or chunk of whitespace.
   'kind' identifies the token type, which will be one of:
       STRING, CHARCONST, BLOCK_COMMENT, LINE_COMMENT, IDENT,
       PP_NUMBER, PUNCTUATOR, ESCNL, WHITESPACE, HEADER_NAME,
       or OTHER.  The BAD_* alternatives in PP_TOKEN_RE_ are
       handled within tokenize_c, below.

   'text' is the sequence of source characters making up the token;
       no decoding whatsoever is performed.

   'line' and 'column' give the position of the first character of the
      token within the source file.  They are both 1-based.

   'context' indicates whether or not this token occurred within a
      preprocessing directive; it will be None for running text,
      '<null>' for the leading '#' of a directive line (because '#'
      all by itself on a line is a "null directive"), or the name of
      the directive for tokens within a directive line, starting with
      the IDENT for the name itself.
"""

def tokenize_c(file_contents, reporter):
    """Yield a series of Token objects, one for each preprocessing
       token, comment, or chunk of whitespace within FILE_CONTENTS.
       The REPORTER object is expected to have one method,
       reporter.error(token, message), which will be called to
       indicate a lexical error at the position of TOKEN.
       If MESSAGE contains the four-character sequence '{!r}', that
       is expected to be replaced by repr(token.text).
    """

    Token = Token_
    PP_TOKEN_RE = PP_TOKEN_RE_
    ENDLINE_RE = ENDLINE_RE_
    HEADER_NAME_RE = HEADER_NAME_RE_

    line_num = 1
    line_start = 0
    pos = 0
    limit = len(file_contents)
    directive = None
    at_bol = True
    while pos < limit:
        if directive == "include":
            mo = HEADER_NAME_RE.match(file_contents, pos)
            if mo:
                kind = "HEADER_NAME"
                directive = "after_include"
            else:
                mo = PP_TOKEN_RE.match(file_contents, pos)
                kind = mo.lastgroup
                if kind != "WHITESPACE":
                    directive = "after_include"
        else:
            mo = PP_TOKEN_RE.match(file_contents, pos)
            kind = mo.lastgroup

        text = mo.group()
        line = line_num
        column = mo.start() - line_start
        adj_line_start = 0
        # only these kinds can contain a newline
        if kind in ("WHITESPACE", "BLOCK_COMMENT", "LINE_COMMENT",
                    "STRING", "CHARCONST", "BAD_BLOCK_COM", "ESCNL"):
            for tmo in ENDLINE_RE.finditer(text):
                line_num += 1
                adj_line_start = tmo.end()
            if adj_line_start:
                line_start = mo.start() + adj_line_start

        # Track whether or not we are scanning a preprocessing directive.
        if kind == "LINE_COMMENT" or (kind == "WHITESPACE" and adj_line_start):
            at_bol = True
            directive = None
        else:
            if kind == "PUNCTUATOR" and text == "#" and at_bol:
                directive = "<null>"
            elif kind == "IDENT" and directive == "<null>":
                directive = text
            at_bol = False

        # Report ill-formed tokens and rewrite them as their well-formed
        # equivalents, so downstream processing doesn't have to know about them.
        # (Rewriting instead of discarding provides better error recovery.)
        if kind == "BAD_BLOCK_COM":
            reporter.error(Token("BAD_BLOCK_COM", "", line, column+1, ""),
                           "unclosed block comment")
            text += "*/"
            kind = "BLOCK_COMMENT"
        elif kind == "BAD_STRING":
            reporter.error(Token("BAD_STRING", "", line, column+1, ""),
                           "unclosed string")
            text += "\""
            kind = "STRING"
        elif kind == "BAD_CHARCONST":
            reporter.error(Token("BAD_CHARCONST", "", line, column+1, ""),
                           "unclosed char constant")
            text += "'"
            kind = "CHARCONST"

        tok = Token(kind, text, line, column+1,
                    "include" if directive == "after_include" else directive)
        # Do not complain about OTHER tokens inside macro definitions.
        # $ and @ appear in macros defined by headers intended to be
        # included from assembly language, e.g. sysdeps/mips/sys/asm.h.
        if kind == "OTHER" and directive != "define":
            self.error(tok, "stray {!r} in program")

        yield tok
        pos = mo.end()

#
# Base and generic classes for individual checks.
#

class ConstructChecker:
    """Scan a stream of C preprocessing tokens and possibly report
       problems with them.  The REPORTER object passed to __init__ has
       one method, reporter.error(token, message), which should be
       called to indicate a problem detected at the position of TOKEN.
       If MESSAGE contains the four-character sequence '{!r}' then that
       will be replaced with a textual representation of TOKEN.
    """
    def __init__(self, reporter):
        self.reporter = reporter

    def examine(self, tok):
        """Called once for each token in a header file.
           Call self.reporter.error if a problem is detected.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def eof(self):
        """Called once at the end of the stream.  Subclasses need only
           override this if it might have something to do."""
        pass

class NoCheck(ConstructChecker):
    """Generic checker class which doesn't do anything.  Substitute this
       class for a real checker when a particular check should be skipped
       for some file."""

    def examine(self, tok):
        pass

#
# Check for obsolete type names.
#

# The obsolete type names we're looking for:
OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_ = re.compile(r"""\A
  (__)?
  (   quad_t
    | u(?: short | int | long
         | _(?: char | short | int(?:[0-9]+_t)? | long | quad_t )))
\Z""", re.VERBOSE)

class ObsoleteNotAllowed(ConstructChecker):
    """Don't allow any use of the obsolete typedefs."""
    def examine(self, tok):
        if OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(tok.text):
            self.reporter.error(tok, "use of {!r}")

class ObsoletePrivateDefinitionsAllowed(ConstructChecker):
    """Allow definitions of the private versions of the
       obsolete typedefs; that is, 'typedef [anything] __obsolete;'
    """
    def __init__(self, reporter):
        super().__init__(reporter)
        self.in_typedef = False
        self.prev_token = None

    def examine(self, tok):
        # bits/types.h hides 'typedef' in a macro sometimes.
        if (tok.kind == "IDENT"
            and tok.text in ("typedef", "__STD_TYPE")
            and tok.context is None):
            self.in_typedef = True
        elif tok.kind == "PUNCTUATOR" and tok.text == ";" and self.in_typedef:
            self.in_typedef = False
            if self.prev_token.kind == "IDENT":
                m = OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(self.prev_token.text)
                if m and m.group(1) != "__":
                    self.reporter.error(self.prev_token, "use of {!r}")
            self.prev_token = None
        else:
            self._check_prev()

        self.prev_token = tok

    def eof(self):
        self._check_prev()

    def _check_prev(self):
        if (self.prev_token is not None
            and self.prev_token.kind == "IDENT"
            and OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(self.prev_token.text)):
            self.reporter.error(self.prev_token, "use of {!r}")

class ObsoletePublicDefinitionsAllowed(ConstructChecker):
    """Allow definitions of the public versions of the obsolete
       typedefs.  Only specific forms of definition are allowed:

           typedef __obsolete obsolete;  // identifiers must agree
           typedef __uintN_t u_intN_t;   // N must agree
           typedef unsigned long int ulong;
           typedef unsigned short int ushort;
           typedef unsigned int uint;
    """
    def __init__(self, reporter):
        super().__init__(reporter)
        self.typedef_tokens = []

    def examine(self, tok):
        if tok.kind in ("WHITESPACE", "BLOCK_COMMENT",
                        "LINE_COMMENT", "NL", "ESCNL"):
            pass

        elif (tok.kind == "IDENT" and tok.text == "typedef"
              and tok.context is None):
            if self.typedef_tokens:
                self.reporter.error(tok, "typedef inside typedef")
                self._reset()
            self.typedef_tokens.append(tok)

        elif tok.kind == "PUNCTUATOR" and tok.text == ";":
            self._finish()

        elif self.typedef_tokens:
            self.typedef_tokens.append(tok)

    def eof(self):
        self._reset()

    def _reset(self):
        while self.typedef_tokens:
            tok = self.typedef_tokens.pop(0)
            if tok.kind == "IDENT" and OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(tok.text):
                self.reporter.error(tok, "use of {!r}")

    def _finish(self):
        if not self.typedef_tokens: return
        if self.typedef_tokens[-1].kind == "IDENT":
            m = OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(self.typedef_tokens[-1].text)
            if m:
                if self._permissible_public_definition(m):
                    self.typedef_tokens.clear()
        self._reset()

    def _permissible_public_definition(self, m):
        if m.group(1) == "__": return False
        name = m.group(2)
        toks = self.typedef_tokens
        ntok = len(toks)
        if ntok == 3 and toks[1].kind == "IDENT":
            defn = toks[1].text
            n = OBSOLETE_TYPE_RE_.match(defn)
            if n and n.group(1) == "__" and n.group(2) == name:
                return True

            if (name[:5] == "u_int" and name[-2:] == "_t"
                and defn[:6] == "__uint" and defn[-2:] == "_t"
                and name[5:-2] == defn[6:-2]):
                return True

            return False

        if (name == "ulong" and ntok == 5
            and toks[1].kind == "IDENT" and toks[1].text == "unsigned"
            and toks[2].kind == "IDENT" and toks[2].text == "long"
            and toks[3].kind == "IDENT" and toks[3].text == "int"):
            return True

        if (name == "ushort" and ntok == 5
            and toks[1].kind == "IDENT" and toks[1].text == "unsigned"
            and toks[2].kind == "IDENT" and toks[2].text == "short"
            and toks[3].kind == "IDENT" and toks[3].text == "int"):
            return True

        if (name == "uint" and ntok == 4
            and toks[1].kind == "IDENT" and toks[1].text == "unsigned"
            and toks[2].kind == "IDENT" and toks[2].text == "int"):
            return True

        return False

def ObsoleteTypedefChecker(reporter, fname):
    """Factory: produce an instance of the appropriate
       obsolete-typedef checker for FNAME."""

    # The obsolete rpc/ and rpcsvc/ headers are allowed to use the
    # obsolete types, because it would be more trouble than it's
    # worth to remove them from headers that we intend to stop
    # installing eventually anyway.
    if (fname.startswith("rpc/")
        or fname.startswith("rpcsvc/")
        or "/rpc/" in fname
        or "/rpcsvc/" in fname):
        return NoCheck(reporter)

    # bits/types.h is allowed to define the __-versions of the
    # obsolete types.
    if (fname == "bits/types.h"
        or fname.endswith("/bits/types.h")):
        return ObsoletePrivateDefinitionsAllowed(reporter)

    # sys/types.h is allowed to use the __-versions of the
    # obsolete types, but only to define the unprefixed versions.
    if (fname == "sys/types.h"
        or fname.endswith("/sys/types.h")):
        return ObsoletePublicDefinitionsAllowed(reporter)

    return ObsoleteNotAllowed(reporter)

#
# Master control
#

class HeaderChecker:
    """Perform all of the checks on each header.  This is also the
       "reporter" object expected by tokenize_c and ConstructChecker.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.fname = None
        self.status = 0

    def error(self, tok, message):
        self.status = 1
        if '{!r}' in message:
            message = message.format(tok.text)
        sys.stderr.write("{}:{}:{}: error: {}\n".format(
            self.fname, tok.line, tok.column, message))

    def check(self, fname):
        self.fname = fname
        try:
            with open(fname, "rt", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
                contents = fp.read()
        except OSError as e:
            sys.stderr.write("{}: {}\n".format(fname, e.strerror))
            self.status = 1
            return

        typedef_checker = ObsoleteTypedefChecker(self, self.fname)

        for tok in tokenize_c(contents, self):
            typedef_checker.examine(tok)

def main():
    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    ap.add_argument("headers", metavar="header", nargs="+",
                    help="one or more headers to scan for obsolete constructs")
    args = ap.parse_args()

    checker = HeaderChecker()
    for fname in args.headers:
        # Headers whose installed name begins with "finclude/" contain
        # Fortran, not C, and this program should completely ignore them.
        if not (fname.startswith("finclude/") or "/finclude/" in fname):
            checker.check(fname)
    sys.exit(checker.status)

main()