1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
|
# Testing Standards and Style Guidelines
This guide outlines standards and best practices for automated testing of GitLab
CE and EE.
It is meant to be an _extension_ of the [thoughtbot testing
styleguide](https://github.com/thoughtbot/guides/tree/master/style/testing). If
this guide defines a rule that contradicts the thoughtbot guide, this guide
takes precedence. Some guidelines may be repeated verbatim to stress their
importance.
## Factories
GitLab uses [factory_girl] as a test fixture replacement.
- Factory definitions live in `spec/factories/`, named using the pluralization
of their corresponding model (`User` factories are defined in `users.rb`).
- There should be only one top-level factory definition per file.
- FactoryGirl methods are mixed in to all RSpec groups. This means you can (and
should) call `create(...)` instead of `FactoryGirl.create(...)`.
- Make use of [traits] to clean up definitions and usages.
- When defining a factory, don't define attributes that are not required for the
resulting record to pass validation.
- When instantiating from a factory, don't supply attributes that aren't
required by the test.
- Factories don't have to be limited to `ActiveRecord` objects.
[See example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/commit/0b8cefd3b2385a21cfed779bd659978c0402766d).
[factory_girl]: https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_girl
[traits]: http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/factory_girl/file/GETTING_STARTED.md#Traits
## JavaScript
GitLab uses [Teaspoon] to run its [Jasmine] JavaScript specs. They can be run on
the command line via `bundle exec teaspoon`, or via a web browser at
`http://localhost:3000/teaspoon` when the Rails server is running.
- JavaScript tests live in `spec/javascripts/`, matching the folder structure of
`app/assets/javascripts/`: `app/assets/javascripts/behaviors/autosize.js.es6` has a corresponding
`spec/javascripts/behaviors/autosize_spec.js.es6` file.
- Haml fixtures required for JavaScript tests live in
`spec/javascripts/fixtures`. They should contain the bare minimum amount of
markup necessary for the test.
> **Warning:** Keep in mind that a Rails view may change and
invalidate your test, but everything will still pass because your fixture
doesn't reflect the latest view.
- Keep in mind that in a CI environment, these tests are run in a headless
browser and you will not have access to certain APIs, such as
[`Notification`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/notification),
which will have to be stubbed.
[Teaspoon]: https://github.com/modeset/teaspoon
[Jasmine]: https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine
## RSpec
### General Guidelines
- Use a single, top-level `describe ClassName` block.
- Use `described_class` instead of repeating the class name being described.
- Use `.method` to describe class methods and `#method` to describe instance
methods.
- Use `context` to test branching logic.
- Don't `describe` symbols (see [Gotchas](gotchas.md#dont-describe-symbols)).
- Don't supply the `:each` argument to hooks since it's the default.
- Prefer `not_to` to `to_not` (_this is enforced by Rubocop_).
- Try to match the ordering of tests to the ordering within the class.
- Try to follow the [Four-Phase Test][four-phase-test] pattern, using newlines
to separate phases.
[four-phase-test]: https://robots.thoughtbot.com/four-phase-test
### `let` variables
GitLab's RSpec suite has made extensive use of `let` variables to reduce
duplication. However, this sometimes [comes at the cost of clarity][lets-not],
so we need to set some guidelines for their use going forward:
- `let` variables are preferable to instance variables. Local variables are
preferable to `let` variables.
- Use `let` to reduce duplication throughout an entire spec file.
- Don't use `let` to define variables used by a single test; define them as
local variables inside the test's `it` block.
- Don't define a `let` variable inside the top-level `describe` block that's
only used in a more deeply-nested `context` or `describe` block. Keep the
definition as close as possible to where it's used.
- Try to avoid overriding the definition of one `let` variable with another.
- Don't define a `let` variable that's only used by the definition of another.
Use a helper method instead.
[lets-not]: https://robots.thoughtbot.com/lets-not
### Test speed
GitLab has a massive test suite that, without parallelization, can take more
than an hour to run. It's important that we make an effort to write tests that
are accurate and effective _as well as_ fast.
Here are some things to keep in mind regarding test performance:
- `double` and `spy` are faster than `FactoryGirl.build(...)`
- `FactoryGirl.build(...)` and `.build_stubbed` are faster than `.create`.
- Don't `create` an object when `build`, `build_stubbed`, `attributes_for`,
`spy`, or `double` will do. Database persistence is slow!
- Use `create(:empty_project)` instead of `create(:project)` when you don't need
the underlying Git repository. Filesystem operations are slow!
- Don't mark a feature as requiring JavaScript (through `@javascript` in
Spinach or `js: true` in RSpec) unless it's _actually_ required for the test
to be valid. Headless browser testing is slow!
### Features / Integration
- Feature specs live in `spec/features/` and should be named
`ROLE_ACTION_spec.rb`, such as `user_changes_password_spec.rb`.
- Use only one `feature` block per feature spec file.
- Use scenario titles that describe the success and failure paths.
- Avoid scenario titles that add no information, such as "successfully."
- Avoid scenario titles that repeat the feature title.
## Spinach (feature) tests
GitLab [moved from Cucumber to Spinach](https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/pull/1426)
for its feature/integration tests in September 2012.
As of March 2016, we are [trying to avoid adding new Spinach
tests](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/14121) going forward,
opting for [RSpec feature](#features-integration) specs.
Adding new Spinach scenarios is acceptable _only if_ the new scenario requires
no more than one new `step` definition. If more than that is required, the
test should be re-implemented using RSpec instead.
## Testing Rake Tasks
To make testing Rake tasks a little easier, there is a helper that can be included
in lieu of the standard Spec helper. Instead of `require 'spec_helper'`, use
`require 'rake_helper'`. The helper includes `spec_helper` for you, and configures
a few other things to make testing Rake tasks easier.
At a minimum, requiring the Rake helper will redirect `stdout`, include the
runtime task helpers, and include the `RakeHelpers` Spec support module.
The `RakeHelpers` module exposes a `run_rake_task(<task>)` method to make
executing tasks simple. See `spec/support/rake_helpers.rb` for all available
methods.
Example:
```ruby
require 'rake_helper'
describe 'gitlab:shell rake tasks' do
before do
Rake.application.rake_require 'tasks/gitlab/shell'
stub_warn_user_is_not_gitlab
end
describe 'install task' do
it 'invokes create_hooks task' do
expect(Rake::Task['gitlab:shell:create_hooks']).to receive(:invoke)
run_rake_task('gitlab:shell:install')
end
end
end
```
---
[Return to Development documentation](README.md)
|
