summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/refs/refs-internal.h
blob: 9db8aec4da8eef6fb9542a9db5d1cbae01c129e6 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
#ifndef REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H
#define REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H

#include "refs.h"
#include "iterator.h"

struct ref_transaction;

/*
 * Data structures and functions for the internal use of the refs
 * module. Code outside of the refs module should use only the public
 * functions defined in "refs.h", and should *not* include this file.
 */

/*
 * The following flags can appear in `ref_update::flags`. Their
 * numerical values must not conflict with those of REF_NO_DEREF and
 * REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG, which are also stored in
 * `ref_update::flags`.
 */

/*
 * The reference should be updated to new_oid.
 */
#define REF_HAVE_NEW (1 << 2)

/*
 * The current reference's value should be checked to make sure that
 * it agrees with old_oid.
 */
#define REF_HAVE_OLD (1 << 3)

/*
 * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when we want to log a ref
 * update but not actually perform it.  This is used when a symbolic
 * ref update is split up.
 */
#define REF_LOG_ONLY (1 << 7)

/*
 * Return the length of time to retry acquiring a loose reference lock
 * before giving up, in milliseconds:
 */
long get_files_ref_lock_timeout_ms(void);

/*
 * Return true iff refname is minimally safe. "Safe" here means that
 * deleting a loose reference by this name will not do any damage, for
 * example by causing a file that is not a reference to be deleted.
 * This function does not check that the reference name is legal; for
 * that, use check_refname_format().
 *
 * A refname that starts with "refs/" is considered safe iff it
 * doesn't contain any "." or ".." components or consecutive '/'
 * characters, end with '/', or (on Windows) contain any '\'
 * characters. Names that do not start with "refs/" are considered
 * safe iff they consist entirely of upper case characters and '_'
 * (like "HEAD" and "MERGE_HEAD" but not "config" or "FOO/BAR").
 */
int refname_is_safe(const char *refname);

/*
 * Helper function: return true if refname, which has the specified
 * oid and flags, can be resolved to an object in the database. If the
 * referred-to object does not exist, emit a warning and return false.
 */
int ref_resolves_to_object(const char *refname,
			   struct repository *repo,
			   const struct object_id *oid,
			   unsigned int flags);

enum peel_status {
	/* object was peeled successfully: */
	PEEL_PEELED = 0,

	/*
	 * object cannot be peeled because the named object (or an
	 * object referred to by a tag in the peel chain), does not
	 * exist.
	 */
	PEEL_INVALID = -1,

	/* object cannot be peeled because it is not a tag: */
	PEEL_NON_TAG = -2,

	/* ref_entry contains no peeled value because it is a symref: */
	PEEL_IS_SYMREF = -3,

	/*
	 * ref_entry cannot be peeled because it is broken (i.e., the
	 * symbolic reference cannot even be resolved to an object
	 * name):
	 */
	PEEL_BROKEN = -4
};

/*
 * Peel the named object; i.e., if the object is a tag, resolve the
 * tag recursively until a non-tag is found.  If successful, store the
 * result to oid and return PEEL_PEELED.  If the object is not a tag
 * or is not valid, return PEEL_NON_TAG or PEEL_INVALID, respectively,
 * and leave oid unchanged.
 */
enum peel_status peel_object(const struct object_id *name, struct object_id *oid);

/**
 * Information needed for a single ref update. Set new_oid to the new
 * value or to null_oid to delete the ref. To check the old value
 * while the ref is locked, set (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) and set old_oid
 * to the old value, or to null_oid to ensure the ref does not exist
 * before update.
 */
struct ref_update {
	/*
	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_NEW), set the reference to this value
	 * (or delete it, if `new_oid` is `null_oid`).
	 */
	struct object_id new_oid;

	/*
	 * If (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD), check that the reference
	 * previously had this value (or didn't previously exist, if
	 * `old_oid` is `null_oid`).
	 */
	struct object_id old_oid;

	/*
	 * One or more of REF_NO_DEREF, REF_FORCE_CREATE_REFLOG,
	 * REF_HAVE_NEW, REF_HAVE_OLD, or backend-specific flags.
	 */
	unsigned int flags;

	void *backend_data;
	unsigned int type;
	char *msg;

	/*
	 * If this ref_update was split off of a symref update via
	 * split_symref_update(), then this member points at that
	 * update. This is used for two purposes:
	 * 1. When reporting errors, we report the refname under which
	 *    the update was originally requested.
	 * 2. When we read the old value of this reference, we
	 *    propagate it back to its parent update for recording in
	 *    the latter's reflog.
	 */
	struct ref_update *parent_update;

	const char refname[FLEX_ARRAY];
};

int refs_read_raw_ref(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname,
		      struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *referent,
		      unsigned int *type, int *failure_errno);

/*
 * Write an error to `err` and return a nonzero value iff the same
 * refname appears multiple times in `refnames`. `refnames` must be
 * sorted on entry to this function.
 */
int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct string_list *refnames,
				 struct strbuf *err);

/*
 * Add a ref_update with the specified properties to transaction, and
 * return a pointer to the new object. This function does not verify
 * that refname is well-formed. new_oid and old_oid are only
 * dereferenced if the REF_HAVE_NEW and REF_HAVE_OLD bits,
 * respectively, are set in flags.
 */
struct ref_update *ref_transaction_add_update(
		struct ref_transaction *transaction,
		const char *refname, unsigned int flags,
		const struct object_id *new_oid,
		const struct object_id *old_oid,
		const char *msg);

/*
 * Transaction states.
 *
 * OPEN:   The transaction is initialized and new updates can still be
 *         added to it. An OPEN transaction can be prepared,
 *         committed, freed, or aborted (freeing and aborting an open
 *         transaction are equivalent).
 *
 * PREPARED: ref_transaction_prepare(), which locks all of the
 *         references involved in the update and checks that the
 *         update has no errors, has been called successfully for the
 *         transaction. A PREPARED transaction can be committed or
 *         aborted.
 *
 * CLOSED: The transaction is no longer active. A transaction becomes
 *         CLOSED if there is a failure while building the transaction
 *         or if a transaction is committed or aborted. A CLOSED
 *         transaction can only be freed.
 */
enum ref_transaction_state {
	REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN     = 0,
	REF_TRANSACTION_PREPARED = 1,
	REF_TRANSACTION_CLOSED   = 2
};

/*
 * Data structure for holding a reference transaction, which can
 * consist of checks and updates to multiple references, carried out
 * as atomically as possible.  This structure is opaque to callers.
 */
struct ref_transaction {
	struct ref_store *ref_store;
	struct ref_update **updates;
	size_t alloc;
	size_t nr;
	enum ref_transaction_state state;
	void *backend_data;
};

/*
 * Check for entries in extras that are within the specified
 * directory, where dirname is a reference directory name including
 * the trailing slash (e.g., "refs/heads/foo/"). Ignore any
 * conflicting references that are found in skip. If there is a
 * conflicting reference, return its name.
 *
 * extras and skip must be sorted lists of reference names. Either one
 * can be NULL, signifying the empty list.
 */
const char *find_descendant_ref(const char *dirname,
				const struct string_list *extras,
				const struct string_list *skip);

/* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
#define SYMREF_MAXDEPTH 5

/*
 * These flags are passed to refs_ref_iterator_begin() (and do_for_each_ref(),
 * which feeds it).
 */
enum do_for_each_ref_flags {
	/*
	 * Include broken references in a do_for_each_ref*() iteration, which
	 * would normally be omitted. This includes both refs that point to
	 * missing objects (a true repository corruption), ones with illegal
	 * names (which we prefer not to expose to callers), as well as
	 * dangling symbolic refs (i.e., those that point to a non-existent
	 * ref; this is not a corruption, but as they have no valid oid, we
	 * omit them from normal iteration results).
	 */
	DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN = (1 << 0),

	/*
	 * Only include per-worktree refs in a do_for_each_ref*() iteration.
	 * Normally this will be used with a files ref_store, since that's
	 * where all reference backends will presumably store their
	 * per-worktree refs.
	 */
	DO_FOR_EACH_PER_WORKTREE_ONLY = (1 << 1),

	/*
	 * Omit dangling symrefs from output; this only has an effect with
	 * INCLUDE_BROKEN, since they are otherwise not included at all.
	 */
	DO_FOR_EACH_OMIT_DANGLING_SYMREFS = (1 << 2),
};

/*
 * Reference iterators
 *
 * A reference iterator encapsulates the state of an in-progress
 * iteration over references. Create an instance of `struct
 * ref_iterator` via one of the functions in this module.
 *
 * A freshly-created ref_iterator doesn't yet point at a reference. To
 * advance the iterator, call ref_iterator_advance(). If successful,
 * this sets the iterator's refname, oid, and flags fields to describe
 * the next reference and returns ITER_OK. The data pointed at by
 * refname and oid belong to the iterator; if you want to retain them
 * after calling ref_iterator_advance() again or calling
 * ref_iterator_abort(), you must make a copy. When the iteration has
 * been exhausted, ref_iterator_advance() releases any resources
 * associated with the iteration, frees the ref_iterator object, and
 * returns ITER_DONE. If you want to abort the iteration early, call
 * ref_iterator_abort(), which also frees the ref_iterator object and
 * any associated resources. If there was an internal error advancing
 * to the next entry, ref_iterator_advance() aborts the iteration,
 * frees the ref_iterator, and returns ITER_ERROR.
 *
 * The reference currently being looked at can be peeled by calling
 * ref_iterator_peel(). This function is often faster than peel_ref(),
 * so it should be preferred when iterating over references.
 *
 * Putting it all together, a typical iteration looks like this:
 *
 *     int ok;
 *     struct ref_iterator *iter = ...;
 *
 *     while ((ok = ref_iterator_advance(iter)) == ITER_OK) {
 *             if (want_to_stop_iteration()) {
 *                     ok = ref_iterator_abort(iter);
 *                     break;
 *             }
 *
 *             // Access information about the current reference:
 *             if (!(iter->flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
 *                     printf("%s is %s\n", iter->refname, oid_to_hex(iter->oid));
 *
 *             // If you need to peel the reference:
 *             ref_iterator_peel(iter, &oid);
 *     }
 *
 *     if (ok != ITER_DONE)
 *             handle_error();
 */
struct ref_iterator {
	struct ref_iterator_vtable *vtable;

	/*
	 * Does this `ref_iterator` iterate over references in order
	 * by refname?
	 */
	unsigned int ordered : 1;

	const char *refname;
	const struct object_id *oid;
	unsigned int flags;
};

/*
 * Advance the iterator to the first or next item and return ITER_OK.
 * If the iteration is exhausted, free the resources associated with
 * the ref_iterator and return ITER_DONE. On errors, free the iterator
 * resources and return ITER_ERROR. It is a bug to use ref_iterator or
 * call this function again after it has returned ITER_DONE or
 * ITER_ERROR.
 */
int ref_iterator_advance(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);

/*
 * If possible, peel the reference currently being viewed by the
 * iterator. Return 0 on success.
 */
int ref_iterator_peel(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
		      struct object_id *peeled);

/*
 * End the iteration before it has been exhausted, freeing the
 * reference iterator and any associated resources and returning
 * ITER_DONE. If the abort itself failed, return ITER_ERROR.
 */
int ref_iterator_abort(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);

/*
 * An iterator over nothing (its first ref_iterator_advance() call
 * returns ITER_DONE).
 */
struct ref_iterator *empty_ref_iterator_begin(void);

/*
 * Return true iff ref_iterator is an empty_ref_iterator.
 */
int is_empty_ref_iterator(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);

/*
 * Return an iterator that goes over each reference in `refs` for
 * which the refname begins with prefix. If trim is non-zero, then
 * trim that many characters off the beginning of each refname.
 * The output is ordered by refname.
 */
struct ref_iterator *refs_ref_iterator_begin(
		struct ref_store *refs,
		const char *prefix, const char **exclude_patterns,
		int trim, enum do_for_each_ref_flags flags);

/*
 * A callback function used to instruct merge_ref_iterator how to
 * interleave the entries from iter0 and iter1. The function should
 * return one of the constants defined in enum iterator_selection. It
 * must not advance either of the iterators itself.
 *
 * The function must be prepared to handle the case that iter0 and/or
 * iter1 is NULL, which indicates that the corresponding sub-iterator
 * has been exhausted. Its return value must be consistent with the
 * current states of the iterators; e.g., it must not return
 * ITER_SKIP_1 if iter1 has already been exhausted.
 */
typedef enum iterator_selection ref_iterator_select_fn(
		struct ref_iterator *iter0, struct ref_iterator *iter1,
		void *cb_data);

/*
 * Iterate over the entries from iter0 and iter1, with the values
 * interleaved as directed by the select function. The iterator takes
 * ownership of iter0 and iter1 and frees them when the iteration is
 * over. A derived class should set `ordered` to 1 or 0 based on
 * whether it generates its output in order by reference name.
 */
struct ref_iterator *merge_ref_iterator_begin(
		int ordered,
		struct ref_iterator *iter0, struct ref_iterator *iter1,
		ref_iterator_select_fn *select, void *cb_data);

/*
 * An iterator consisting of the union of the entries from front and
 * back. If there are entries common to the two sub-iterators, use the
 * one from front. Each iterator must iterate over its entries in
 * strcmp() order by refname for this to work.
 *
 * The new iterator takes ownership of its arguments and frees them
 * when the iteration is over. As a convenience to callers, if front
 * or back is an empty_ref_iterator, then abort that one immediately
 * and return the other iterator directly, without wrapping it.
 */
struct ref_iterator *overlay_ref_iterator_begin(
		struct ref_iterator *front, struct ref_iterator *back);

/*
 * Wrap iter0, only letting through the references whose names start
 * with prefix. If trim is set, set iter->refname to the name of the
 * reference with that many characters trimmed off the front;
 * otherwise set it to the full refname. The new iterator takes over
 * ownership of iter0 and frees it when iteration is over. It makes
 * its own copy of prefix.
 *
 * As an convenience to callers, if prefix is the empty string and
 * trim is zero, this function returns iter0 directly, without
 * wrapping it.
 *
 * The resulting ref_iterator is ordered if iter0 is.
 */
struct ref_iterator *prefix_ref_iterator_begin(struct ref_iterator *iter0,
					       const char *prefix,
					       int trim);

/* Internal implementation of reference iteration: */

/*
 * Base class constructor for ref_iterators. Initialize the
 * ref_iterator part of iter, setting its vtable pointer as specified.
 * `ordered` should be set to 1 if the iterator will iterate over
 * references in order by refname; otherwise it should be set to 0.
 * This is meant to be called only by the initializers of derived
 * classes.
 */
void base_ref_iterator_init(struct ref_iterator *iter,
			    struct ref_iterator_vtable *vtable,
			    int ordered);

/*
 * Base class destructor for ref_iterators. Destroy the ref_iterator
 * part of iter and shallow-free the object. This is meant to be
 * called only by the destructors of derived classes.
 */
void base_ref_iterator_free(struct ref_iterator *iter);

/* Virtual function declarations for ref_iterators: */

/*
 * backend-specific implementation of ref_iterator_advance. For symrefs, the
 * function should set REF_ISSYMREF, and it should also dereference the symref
 * to provide the OID referent. It should respect do_for_each_ref_flags
 * that were passed to refs_ref_iterator_begin().
 */
typedef int ref_iterator_advance_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);

/*
 * Peels the current ref, returning 0 for success or -1 for failure.
 */
typedef int ref_iterator_peel_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator,
				 struct object_id *peeled);

/*
 * Implementations of this function should free any resources specific
 * to the derived class, then call base_ref_iterator_free() to clean
 * up and free the ref_iterator object.
 */
typedef int ref_iterator_abort_fn(struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator);

struct ref_iterator_vtable {
	ref_iterator_advance_fn *advance;
	ref_iterator_peel_fn *peel;
	ref_iterator_abort_fn *abort;
};

/*
 * current_ref_iter is a performance hack: when iterating over
 * references using the for_each_ref*() functions, current_ref_iter is
 * set to the reference iterator before calling the callback function.
 * If the callback function calls peel_ref(), then peel_ref() first
 * checks whether the reference to be peeled is the one referred to by
 * the iterator (it usually is) and if so, asks the iterator for the
 * peeled version of the reference if it is available. This avoids a
 * refname lookup in a common case. current_ref_iter is set to NULL
 * when the iteration is over.
 */
extern struct ref_iterator *current_ref_iter;

/*
 * The common backend for the for_each_*ref* functions. Call fn for
 * each reference in iter. If the iterator itself ever returns
 * ITER_ERROR, return -1. If fn ever returns a non-zero value, stop
 * the iteration and return that value. Otherwise, return 0. In any
 * case, free the iterator when done. This function is basically an
 * adapter between the callback style of reference iteration and the
 * iterator style.
 */
int do_for_each_repo_ref_iterator(struct repository *r,
				  struct ref_iterator *iter,
				  each_repo_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data);

struct ref_store;

/* refs backends */

/* ref_store_init flags */
#define REF_STORE_READ		(1 << 0)
#define REF_STORE_WRITE		(1 << 1) /* can perform update operations */
#define REF_STORE_ODB		(1 << 2) /* has access to object database */
#define REF_STORE_MAIN		(1 << 3)
#define REF_STORE_ALL_CAPS	(REF_STORE_READ | \
				 REF_STORE_WRITE | \
				 REF_STORE_ODB | \
				 REF_STORE_MAIN)

/*
 * Initialize the ref_store for the specified gitdir. These functions
 * should call base_ref_store_init() to initialize the shared part of
 * the ref_store and to record the ref_store for later lookup.
 */
typedef struct ref_store *ref_store_init_fn(struct repository *repo,
					    const char *gitdir,
					    unsigned int flags);

typedef int ref_init_db_fn(struct ref_store *refs, struct strbuf *err);

typedef int ref_transaction_prepare_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
				       struct ref_transaction *transaction,
				       struct strbuf *err);

typedef int ref_transaction_finish_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
				      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
				      struct strbuf *err);

typedef int ref_transaction_abort_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
				     struct ref_transaction *transaction,
				     struct strbuf *err);

typedef int ref_transaction_commit_fn(struct ref_store *refs,
				      struct ref_transaction *transaction,
				      struct strbuf *err);

typedef int pack_refs_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
			 struct pack_refs_opts *opts);
typedef int create_symref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
			     const char *ref_target,
			     const char *refs_heads_master,
			     const char *logmsg);
typedef int delete_refs_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *msg,
			   struct string_list *refnames, unsigned int flags);
typedef int rename_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
			  const char *oldref, const char *newref,
			  const char *logmsg);
typedef int copy_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
			  const char *oldref, const char *newref,
			  const char *logmsg);

/*
 * Iterate over the references in `ref_store` whose names start with
 * `prefix`. `prefix` is matched as a literal string, without regard
 * for path separators. If prefix is NULL or the empty string, iterate
 * over all references in `ref_store`. The output is ordered by
 * refname.
 */
typedef struct ref_iterator *ref_iterator_begin_fn(
		struct ref_store *ref_store,
		const char *prefix, const char **exclude_patterns,
		unsigned int flags);

/* reflog functions */

/*
 * Iterate over the references in the specified ref_store that have a
 * reflog. The refs are iterated over in arbitrary order.
 */
typedef struct ref_iterator *reflog_iterator_begin_fn(
		struct ref_store *ref_store);

typedef int for_each_reflog_ent_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
				   const char *refname,
				   each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
				   void *cb_data);
typedef int for_each_reflog_ent_reverse_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
					   const char *refname,
					   each_reflog_ent_fn fn,
					   void *cb_data);
typedef int reflog_exists_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname);
typedef int create_reflog_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname,
			     struct strbuf *err);
typedef int delete_reflog_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname);
typedef int reflog_expire_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store,
			     const char *refname,
			     unsigned int flags,
			     reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
			     reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
			     reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
			     void *policy_cb_data);

/*
 * Read a reference from the specified reference store, non-recursively.
 * Set type to describe the reference, and:
 *
 * - If refname is the name of a normal reference, fill in oid
 *   (leaving referent unchanged).
 *
 * - If refname is the name of a symbolic reference, write the full
 *   name of the reference to which it refers (e.g.
 *   "refs/heads/master") to referent and set the REF_ISSYMREF bit in
 *   type (leaving oid unchanged). The caller is responsible for
 *   validating that referent is a valid reference name.
 *
 * WARNING: refname might be used as part of a filename, so it is
 * important from a security standpoint that it be safe in the sense
 * of refname_is_safe(). Moreover, for symrefs this function sets
 * referent to whatever the repository says, which might not be a
 * properly-formatted or even safe reference name. NEITHER INPUT NOR
 * OUTPUT REFERENCE NAMES ARE VALIDATED WITHIN THIS FUNCTION.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, or -1 on failure. If the ref exists but is neither a
 * symbolic ref nor an object ID, it is broken. In this case set REF_ISBROKEN in
 * type, and return -1 (failure_errno should not be ENOENT)
 *
 * failure_errno provides errno codes that are interpreted beyond error
 * reporting. The following error codes have special meaning:
 *    * ENOENT: the ref doesn't exist
 *    * EISDIR: ref name is a directory
 *    * ENOTDIR: ref prefix is not a directory
 *
 * Backend-specific flags might be set in type as well, regardless of
 * outcome.
 *
 * It is OK for refname to point into referent. If so:
 *
 * - if the function succeeds with REF_ISSYMREF, referent will be
 *   overwritten and the memory formerly pointed to by it might be
 *   changed or even freed.
 *
 * - in all other cases, referent will be untouched, and therefore
 *   refname will still be valid and unchanged.
 */
typedef int read_raw_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname,
			    struct object_id *oid, struct strbuf *referent,
			    unsigned int *type, int *failure_errno);

/*
 * Read a symbolic reference from the specified reference store. This function
 * is optional: if not implemented by a backend, then `read_raw_ref_fn` is used
 * to read the symbolcic reference instead. It is intended to be implemented
 * only in case the backend can optimize the reading of symbolic references.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, or -1 on failure. `referent` will be set to the target
 * of the symbolic reference on success. This function explicitly does not
 * distinguish between error cases and the reference not being a symbolic
 * reference to allow backends to optimize this operation in case symbolic and
 * non-symbolic references are treated differently.
 */
typedef int read_symbolic_ref_fn(struct ref_store *ref_store, const char *refname,
				 struct strbuf *referent);

struct ref_storage_be {
	struct ref_storage_be *next;
	const char *name;
	ref_store_init_fn *init;
	ref_init_db_fn *init_db;

	ref_transaction_prepare_fn *transaction_prepare;
	ref_transaction_finish_fn *transaction_finish;
	ref_transaction_abort_fn *transaction_abort;
	ref_transaction_commit_fn *initial_transaction_commit;

	pack_refs_fn *pack_refs;
	create_symref_fn *create_symref;
	delete_refs_fn *delete_refs;
	rename_ref_fn *rename_ref;
	copy_ref_fn *copy_ref;

	ref_iterator_begin_fn *iterator_begin;
	read_raw_ref_fn *read_raw_ref;
	read_symbolic_ref_fn *read_symbolic_ref;

	reflog_iterator_begin_fn *reflog_iterator_begin;
	for_each_reflog_ent_fn *for_each_reflog_ent;
	for_each_reflog_ent_reverse_fn *for_each_reflog_ent_reverse;
	reflog_exists_fn *reflog_exists;
	create_reflog_fn *create_reflog;
	delete_reflog_fn *delete_reflog;
	reflog_expire_fn *reflog_expire;
};

extern struct ref_storage_be refs_be_files;
extern struct ref_storage_be refs_be_packed;

/*
 * A representation of the reference store for the main repository or
 * a submodule. The ref_store instances for submodules are kept in a
 * hash map; see get_submodule_ref_store() for more info.
 */
struct ref_store {
	/* The backend describing this ref_store's storage scheme: */
	const struct ref_storage_be *be;

	struct repository *repo;

	/*
	 * The gitdir that this ref_store applies to. Note that this is not
	 * necessarily repo->gitdir if the repo has multiple worktrees.
	 */
	char *gitdir;
};

/*
 * Parse contents of a loose ref file. *failure_errno maybe be set to EINVAL for
 * invalid contents.
 */
int parse_loose_ref_contents(const char *buf, struct object_id *oid,
			     struct strbuf *referent, unsigned int *type,
			     int *failure_errno);

/*
 * Fill in the generic part of refs and add it to our collection of
 * reference stores.
 */
void base_ref_store_init(struct ref_store *refs, struct repository *repo,
			 const char *path, const struct ref_storage_be *be);

/*
 * Support GIT_TRACE_REFS by optionally wrapping the given ref_store instance.
 */
struct ref_store *maybe_debug_wrap_ref_store(const char *gitdir, struct ref_store *store);

#endif /* REFS_REFS_INTERNAL_H */