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A literal block in the tutorial had lines with unequal lengths to
delimit it from the rest of the document, which choke GitHub's
AsciiDoc renderer.
* ja/tutorial-asciidoctor-fix:
doc: fix unmatched code fences
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This mismatch upsets the renderer on git-scm.com.
Signed-off-by: Jean-Noel Avila <jn.avila@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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A literal block in the tutorial had lines with unequal lengths to
delimit it from the rest of the document, which choke GitHub's
AsciiDoc renderer.
* jk/stripspace-asciidoctor-fix:
doc: fix unmatched code fences in git-stripspace
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The asciidoctor renderer is more picky than classic asciidoc,
and insists that the start and end of a code fence be the
same size.
Found with this hacky perl script:
foreach my $fn (@ARGV) {
open(my $fh, '<', $fn);
my ($fence, $fence_lineno, $prev);
while (<$fh>) {
chomp;
if (/^----+$/) {
if ($fence_lineno) {
if ($_ ne $fence) {
print "$fn:$fence_lineno:mismatched fence: ",
length($fence), " != ", length($_), "\n";
}
$fence_lineno = undef;
}
# hacky check to avoid title-underlining
elsif ($prev eq '' || $prev eq '+') {
$fence = $_;
$fence_lineno = $.;
}
}
$prev = $_;
}
}
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Various documentation mark-up fixes to make the output more
consistent in general and also make AsciiDoctor (an alternative
formatter) happier.
* jk/asciidoc-markup-fix:
doc: convert AsciiDoc {?foo} to ifdef::foo[]
doc: put example URLs and emails inside literal backticks
doc: drop backslash quoting of some curly braces
doc: convert \--option to --option
doc/add: reformat `--edit` option
doc: fix length of underlined section-title
doc: fix hanging "+"-continuation
doc: fix unquoted use of "{type}"
doc: fix misrendering due to `single quote'
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The former seems to just be syntactic sugar for the latter.
And as it's sugar that AsciiDoctor doesn't understand, it
would be nice to avoid it. Since there are only two spots,
and the resulting source is not significantly harder to
read, it's worth doing.
Note that this does slightly affect the generated HTML (it
has an extra newline), but the rendered result for both HTML
and docbook should be the same (since the newline is not
syntactically significant there).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This makes sure that AsciiDoc does not turn them into links.
Regular AsciiDoc does not catch these cases, but AsciiDoctor
does treat them as links.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Text like "{foo}" triggers an AsciiDoc attribute; we have to
write "\{foo}" to suppress this. But when the "foo" is not a
syntactically valid attribute, we can skip the quoting. This
makes the source nicer to read, and looks better under
Asciidoctor. With AsciiDoc itself, this patch produces no
changes.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Older versions of AsciiDoc would convert the "--" in
"--option" into an emdash. According to 565e135
(Documentation: quote double-dash for AsciiDoc, 2011-06-29),
this is fixed in AsciiDoc 8.3.0. According to bf17126, we
don't support anything older than 8.4.1 anyway, so we no
longer need to worry about quoting.
Even though this does not change the output at all, there
are a few good reasons to drop the quoting:
1. It makes the source prettier to read.
2. We don't quote consistently, which may be confusing when
reading the source.
3. Asciidoctor does not like the quoting, and renders a
literal backslash.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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All of the other options in the list put short and long as
two separate headings.
We can also drop the backslashing of `--`. It isn't used
elsewhere and is unnecessary for modern asciidoc (plus it
confuses asciidoctor).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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In AsciiDoc, it is OK to say:
this is my title
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but AsciiDoctor is more strict. Let's match the underline to
the title (which also makes the source prettier to read).
The output from AsciiDoc is the same either way.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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In list content that wants to continue to a second
paragraph, the "+" continuation and subsequent paragraph
need to be left-aligned. Otherwise AsciiDoc seems to insert
only a linebreak.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Curly braces open an "attribute" in AsciiDoc; if there's no
such attribute, strange things may happen. In this case, the
unquoted "{type}" causes AsciiDoc to omit an entire line of
text from the output. We can fix it by putting the whole
phrase inside literal backticks (which also lets us get rid
of ugly backslash escaping).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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AsciiDoc misparses some text that contains a `literal`
word followed by a fancy `single quote' word, and treats
everything from the start of the literal to the end of the
quote as a single-quoted phrase.
We can work around this by switching the latter to be a
literal, as well. In the first case, this is perhaps what
was intended anyway, as it makes us consistent with the the
earlier literals in the same paragraph. In the second, the
output is arguably better, as we will format our commit
references as <code> blocks.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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"git bundle verify" did not diagnose extra parameters on the
command line.
* ps/bundle-verify-arg:
bundle: verify arguments more strictly
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The `verify` and `create` subcommands of the bundle builtin do
not properly verify the command line arguments that have been
passed in. While the `verify` subcommand accepts an arbitrary
amount of ignored arguments the `create` subcommand does not
complain about being passed too few arguments, resulting in a
bogus call to `git rev-list`. Fix these errors by verifying that
the correct amount of arguments has been passed in.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Acked-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Multi-ref transaction support we merged a few releases ago
unnecessarily kept many file descriptors open, risking to fail with
resource exhaustion. This is for 2.4.x track.
* mh/write-refs-sooner-2.4:
ref_transaction_commit(): fix atomicity and avoid fd exhaustion
ref_transaction_commit(): remove the local flags variable
ref_transaction_commit(): inline call to write_ref_sha1()
rename_ref(): inline calls to write_ref_sha1() from this function
commit_ref_update(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
write_ref_to_lockfile(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
t7004: rename ULIMIT test prerequisite to ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE
update-ref: test handling large transactions properly
ref_transaction_commit(): fix atomicity and avoid fd exhaustion
ref_transaction_commit(): remove the local flags variable
ref_transaction_commit(): inline call to write_ref_sha1()
rename_ref(): inline calls to write_ref_sha1() from this function
commit_ref_update(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
write_ref_to_lockfile(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
t7004: rename ULIMIT test prerequisite to ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE
update-ref: test handling large transactions properly
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* mh/write-refs-sooner-2.3:
ref_transaction_commit(): fix atomicity and avoid fd exhaustion
ref_transaction_commit(): remove the local flags variable
ref_transaction_commit(): inline call to write_ref_sha1()
rename_ref(): inline calls to write_ref_sha1() from this function
commit_ref_update(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
write_ref_to_lockfile(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
t7004: rename ULIMIT test prerequisite to ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE
update-ref: test handling large transactions properly
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* mh/write-refs-sooner-2.2:
ref_transaction_commit(): fix atomicity and avoid fd exhaustion
ref_transaction_commit(): remove the local flags variable
ref_transaction_commit(): inline call to write_ref_sha1()
rename_ref(): inline calls to write_ref_sha1() from this function
commit_ref_update(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
write_ref_to_lockfile(): new function, extracted from write_ref_sha1()
t7004: rename ULIMIT test prerequisite to ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE
update-ref: test handling large transactions properly
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The old code was roughly
for update in updates:
acquire locks and check old_sha
for update in updates:
if changing value:
write_ref_to_lockfile()
commit_ref_update()
for update in updates:
if deleting value:
unlink()
rewrite packed-refs file
for update in updates:
if reference still locked:
unlock_ref()
This has two problems.
Non-atomic updates
==================
The atomicity of the reference transaction depends on all pre-checks
being done in the first loop, before any changes have started being
committed in the second loop. The problem is that
write_ref_to_lockfile() (previously part of write_ref_sha1()), which
is called from the second loop, contains two more checks:
* It verifies that new_sha1 is a valid object
* If the reference being updated is a branch, it verifies that
new_sha1 points at a commit object (as opposed to a tag, tree, or
blob).
If either of these checks fails, the "transaction" is aborted during
the second loop. But this might happen after some reference updates
have already been permanently committed. In other words, the
all-or-nothing promise of "git update-ref --stdin" could be violated.
So these checks have to be moved to the first loop.
File descriptor exhaustion
==========================
The old code locked all of the references in the first loop, leaving
all of the lockfiles open until later loops. Since we might be
updating a lot of references, this could result in file descriptor
exhaustion.
The solution
============
After this patch, the code looks like
for update in updates:
acquire locks and check old_sha
if changing value:
write_ref_to_lockfile()
else:
close_ref()
for update in updates:
if changing value:
commit_ref_update()
for update in updates:
if deleting value:
unlink()
rewrite packed-refs file
for update in updates:
if reference still locked:
unlock_ref()
This fixes both problems:
1. The pre-checks in write_ref_to_lockfile() are now done in the first
loop, before any changes have been committed. If any of the checks
fails, the whole transaction can now be rolled back correctly.
2. All lockfiles are closed in the first loop immediately after they
are created (either by write_ref_to_lockfile() or by close_ref()).
This means that there is never more than one open lockfile at a
time, preventing file descriptor exhaustion.
To simplify the bookkeeping across loops, add a new REF_NEEDS_COMMIT
bit to update->flags, which keeps track of whether the corresponding
lockfile needs to be committed, as opposed to just unlocked. (Since
"struct ref_update" is internal to the refs module, this change is not
visible to external callers.)
This change fixes two tests in t1400.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Instead, work directly with update->flags. This has the advantage that
the REF_DELETING bit, set in the first loop, can be read in the second
loop instead of having to be recomputed. Plus, it was potentially
confusing having both update->flags and flags, which sometimes had
different values.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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And remove the function write_ref_sha1(), as it is no longer used.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Most of what it does is unneeded from these call sites.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This is the first step towards separating the checking and writing of
the new reference value to committing the change.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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During creation of the patch series, our discussion revealed that
we could have a more descriptive name for the prerequisite for the
test so it stays unique when other limits of ulimit are introduced.
Let's rename the existing ulimit about setting the stack size to
a more explicit ULIMIT_STACK_SIZE.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The old code was roughly
for update in updates:
acquire locks and check old_sha
for update in updates:
if changing value:
write_ref_to_lockfile()
commit_ref_update()
for update in updates:
if deleting value:
unlink()
rewrite packed-refs file
for update in updates:
if reference still locked:
unlock_ref()
This has two problems.
Non-atomic updates
==================
The atomicity of the reference transaction depends on all pre-checks
being done in the first loop, before any changes have started being
committed in the second loop. The problem is that
write_ref_to_lockfile() (previously part of write_ref_sha1()), which
is called from the second loop, contains two more checks:
* It verifies that new_sha1 is a valid object
* If the reference being updated is a branch, it verifies that
new_sha1 points at a commit object (as opposed to a tag, tree, or
blob).
If either of these checks fails, the "transaction" is aborted during
the second loop. But this might happen after some reference updates
have already been permanently committed. In other words, the
all-or-nothing promise of "git update-ref --stdin" could be violated.
So these checks have to be moved to the first loop.
File descriptor exhaustion
==========================
The old code locked all of the references in the first loop, leaving
all of the lockfiles open until later loops. Since we might be
updating a lot of references, this could result in file descriptor
exhaustion.
The solution
============
After this patch, the code looks like
for update in updates:
acquire locks and check old_sha
if changing value:
write_ref_to_lockfile()
else:
close_ref()
for update in updates:
if changing value:
commit_ref_update()
for update in updates:
if deleting value:
unlink()
rewrite packed-refs file
for update in updates:
if reference still locked:
unlock_ref()
This fixes both problems:
1. The pre-checks in write_ref_to_lockfile() are now done in the first
loop, before any changes have been committed. If any of the checks
fails, the whole transaction can now be rolled back correctly.
2. All lockfiles are closed in the first loop immediately after they
are created (either by write_ref_to_lockfile() or by close_ref()).
This means that there is never more than one open lockfile at a
time, preventing file descriptor exhaustion.
To simplify the bookkeeping across loops, add a new REF_NEEDS_COMMIT
bit to update->flags, which keeps track of whether the corresponding
lockfile needs to be committed, as opposed to just unlocked. (Since
"struct ref_update" is internal to the refs module, this change is not
visible to external callers.)
This change fixes two tests in t1400.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Instead, work directly with update->flags. This has the advantage that
the REF_DELETING bit, set in the first loop, can be read in the second
loop instead of having to be recomputed. Plus, it was potentially
confusing having both update->flags and flags, which sometimes had
different values.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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That was the last caller, so delete function write_ref_sha1().
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Most of what it does is unneeded from these call sites.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This is the first step towards separating the checking and writing of
the new reference value to committing the change.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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During creation of the patch series our discussion we could have a
more descriptive name for the prerequisite for the test so it stays
unique when other limits of ulimit are introduced.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The ref API did not handle cases where 'refs/heads/xyzzy/frotz' is
removed at the same time as 'refs/heads/xyzzy' is added (or vice
versa) very well.
* mh/ref-directory-file:
reflog_expire(): integrate lock_ref_sha1_basic() errors into ours
ref_transaction_commit(): delete extra "the" from error message
ref_transaction_commit(): provide better error messages
rename_ref(): integrate lock_ref_sha1_basic() errors into ours
lock_ref_sha1_basic(): improve diagnostics for ref D/F conflicts
lock_ref_sha1_basic(): report errors via a "struct strbuf *err"
verify_refname_available(): report errors via a "struct strbuf *err"
verify_refname_available(): rename function
refs: check for D/F conflicts among refs created in a transaction
ref_transaction_commit(): use a string_list for detecting duplicates
is_refname_available(): use dirname in first loop
struct nonmatching_ref_data: store a refname instead of a ref_entry
report_refname_conflict(): inline function
entry_matches(): inline function
is_refname_available(): convert local variable "dirname" to strbuf
is_refname_available(): avoid shadowing "dir" variable
is_refname_available(): revamp the comments
t1404: new tests of ref D/F conflicts within transactions
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Now that lock_ref_sha1_basic() gives us back its error messages via a
strbuf, incorporate its error message into our error message rather
than emitting two separate error messages.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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While we are in the area, let's remove a superfluous definite article
from the error message that is emitted when the reference cannot be
locked. This improves how it reads and makes it a bit shorter.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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Now that lock_ref_sha1_basic() gives us back its error messages via a
strbuf, incorporate its error message into our error message rather
than emitting one error messages to stderr immediately and returning a
second to our caller.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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Now that lock_ref_sha1_basic() gives us back its error messages via a
strbuf, incorporate its error message into our error message rather
than emitting two separate error messages.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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If there is a failure to lock a reference that is likely caused by a
D/F conflict (e.g., trying to lock "refs/foo/bar" when reference
"refs/foo" already exists), invoke verify_refname_available() to try
to generate a more helpful error message.
That function might not detect an error. For example, some
non-reference file might be blocking the deletion of an
otherwise-empty directory tree, or there might be a race with another
process that just deleted the offending reference. In such cases,
generate the strerror-based error message like before.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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For now, change the callers to spew the error to stderr like before.
But soon we will change them to incorporate the reason for the failure
into their own error messages.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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It shouldn't be spewing errors directly to stderr.
For now, change its callers to spew the errors to stderr.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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Rename is_refname_available() to verify_refname_available() and change
its return value from 1 for success to 0 for success, to be consistent
with our error-handling convention. In a moment it will also get a
"struct strbuf *err" parameter.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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If two references that D/F conflict (e.g., "refs/foo" and
"refs/foo/bar") are created in a single transaction, the old code
discovered the problem only after the "commit" phase of
ref_transaction_commit() had already begun. This could leave some
references updated and others not, which violates the promise of
atomicity.
Instead, check for such conflicts during the "locking" phase:
* Teach is_refname_available() to take an "extras" parameter that can
contain extra reference names with which the specified refname must
not conflict.
* Change lock_ref_sha1_basic() to take an "extras" parameter, which it
passes through to is_refname_available().
* Change ref_transaction_commit() to pass "affected_refnames" to
lock_ref_sha1_basic() as its "extras" argument.
This change fixes a test case in t1404.
This code is a bit stricter than it needs to be. We could conceivably
allow reference "refs/foo/bar" to be created in the same transaction
as "refs/foo" is deleted (or vice versa). But that would be
complicated to implement, because it is not possible to lock
"refs/foo/bar" while "refs/foo" exists as a loose reference, but on
the other hand we don't want to delete some references before adding
others (because that could leave a gap during which required objects
are unreachable). There is also a complication that reflog files'
paths can conflict.
Any less-strict implementation would probably require tricks like the
packing of all references before the start of the real transaction, or
the use of temporary intermediate reference names.
So for now let's accept too-strict checks. Some reference update
transactions will be rejected unnecessarily, but they will be rejected
in their entirety rather than leaving the repository in an
intermediate state, as would happen now.
Please note that there is still one kind of D/F conflict that is *not*
handled correctly. If two processes are running at the same time, and
one tries to create "refs/foo" at the same time that the other tries
to create "refs/foo/bar", then they can race with each other. Both
processes can obtain their respective locks ("refs/foo.lock" and
"refs/foo/bar.lock"), proceed to the "commit" phase of
ref_transaction_commit(), and then the slower process will discover
that it cannot rename its lockfile into place (after possibly having
committed changes to other references). There appears to be no way to
fix this race without changing the locking policy, which in turn would
require a change to *all* Git clients.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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Detect duplicates by storing the reference names in a string_list and
sorting that, instead of sorting the ref_updates directly.
* In a moment the string_list will be used for another purpose, too.
* This removes the need for the custom comparison function
ref_update_compare().
* This means that we can carry out the updates in the order that the
user specified them instead of reordering them. This might be handy
someday if, we want to permit multiple updates to a single reference
as long as they are compatible with each other.
Note: we can't use string_list_remove_duplicates() to check for
duplicates, because we need to know the name of the reference that
appeared multiple times, to be used in the error message.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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In the first loop (over prefixes of refname), use dirname to keep
track of the current prefix. This is not an improvement in itself, but
in a moment we will start using dirname for a role where a
NUL-terminated string is needed.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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Now that we don't need a ref_entry to pass to
report_refname_conflict(), it is sufficient to store the refname of
the conflicting reference.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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It wasn't pulling its weight. And we are about to need code similar to
this where no ref_entry is available and with more diverse error
messages. Rather than try to generalize the function, just inline it.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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It wasn't pulling its weight. And in a moment we will need similar
tests that take a refname rather than a ref_entry as parameter, which
would have made entry_matches() even less useful.
Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu>
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