format-patch: make rfc2047 encoding more strict

RFC 2047 requires more characters to be encoded than it is currently done.
Especially, RFC 2047 distinguishes between allowed remaining characters
in encoded words in addresses (From, To, etc.) and other headers, such
as Subject.

Make add_rfc2047() and is_rfc2047_special() location dependent and include
all non-allowed characters to hopefully be RFC 2047 conformant.

This especially fixes a problem, where RFC 822 specials (e. g. ".") were
left unencoded in addresses, which was solved with a non-standard-conforming
workaround in the past (which is going to be removed in a follow-up patch).

Signed-off-by: Jan H. Schönherr <schnhrr@cs.tu-berlin.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

1 files changed, 59 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index 482402d283..613e4eab0d 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -272,16 +272,65 @@ static void add_rfc822_quoted(struct strbuf *out, const char *s, int len)
 	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
 }
 
-static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
+enum rfc2047_type {
+	RFC2047_SUBJECT,
+	RFC2047_ADDRESS,
+};
+
+static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch, enum rfc2047_type type)
 {
-	if (ch == ' ' || ch == '\n')
+	/*
+	 * rfc2047, section 4.2:
+	 *
+	 *    8-bit values which correspond to printable ASCII characters other
+	 *    than "=", "?", and "_" (underscore), MAY be represented as those
+	 *    characters.  (But see section 5 for restrictions.)  In
+	 *    particular, SPACE and TAB MUST NOT be represented as themselves
+	 *    within encoded words.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * rule out non-ASCII characters and non-printable characters (the
+	 * non-ASCII check should be redundant as isprint() is not localized
+	 * and only knows about ASCII, but be defensive about that)
+	 */
+	if (non_ascii(ch) || !isprint(ch))
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * rule out special printable characters (' ' should be the only
+	 * whitespace character considered printable, but be defensive and use
+	 * isspace())
+	 */
+	if (isspace(ch) || ch == '=' || ch == '?' || ch == '_')
 		return 1;
 
-	return (non_ascii(ch) || (ch == '=') || (ch == '?') || (ch == '_'));
+	/*
+	 * rfc2047, section 5.3:
+	 *
+	 *    As a replacement for a 'word' entity within a 'phrase', for example,
+	 *    one that precedes an address in a From, To, or Cc header.  The ABNF
+	 *    definition for 'phrase' from RFC 822 thus becomes:
+	 *
+	 *    phrase = 1*( encoded-word / word )
+	 *
+	 *    In this case the set of characters that may be used in a "Q"-encoded
+	 *    'encoded-word' is restricted to: <upper and lower case ASCII
+	 *    letters, decimal digits, "!", "*", "+", "-", "/", "=", and "_"
+	 *    (underscore, ASCII 95.)>.  An 'encoded-word' that appears within a
+	 *    'phrase' MUST be separated from any adjacent 'word', 'text' or
+	 *    'special' by 'linear-white-space'.
+	 */
+
+	if (type != RFC2047_ADDRESS)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* '=' and '_' are special cases and have been checked above */
+	return !(isalnum(ch) || ch == '!' || ch == '*' || ch == '+' || ch == '-' || ch == '/');
 }
 
 static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
-		       const char *encoding)
+		       const char *encoding, enum rfc2047_type type)
 {
 	static const int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2822 */
 	static const int max_encoded_length = 76; /* per rfc2047 */
@@ -304,7 +353,7 @@ needquote:
 	line_len += strlen(encoding) + 5; /* 5 for =??q? */
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
-		int is_special = is_rfc2047_special(ch);
+		int is_special = is_rfc2047_special(ch, type);
 
 		/*
 		 * According to RFC 2047, we could encode the special character
@@ -358,11 +407,13 @@ void pp_user_info(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
 		if (!has_rfc822_specials(line, display_name_length)) {
-			add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
+			add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length,
+						encoding, RFC2047_ADDRESS);
 		} else {
 			struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
 			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, line, display_name_length);
-			add_rfc2047(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len, encoding);
+			add_rfc2047(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len,
+						encoding, RFC2047_ADDRESS);
 			strbuf_release(&quoted);
 		}
 		if (namelen - display_name_length + last_line_length(sb) > 78) {
@@ -1294,7 +1345,7 @@ void pp_title_line(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
 	if (pp->subject) {
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, pp->subject);
-		add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len, encoding);
+		add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len, encoding, RFC2047_SUBJECT);
 	} else {
 		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &title);
 	}