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Diffstat (limited to 'lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml | 285 |
1 files changed, 185 insertions, 100 deletions
diff --git a/lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml b/lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml index 7f983a2c0d..4080dfdf77 100644 --- a/lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml +++ b/lib/dialyzer/doc/src/dialyzer.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <erlref> <header> <copyright> - <year>2006</year><year>2009</year> + <year>2006</year><year>2011</year> <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder> </copyright> <legalnotice> @@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/. - + Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the License. - + </legalnotice> <title>dialyzer</title> @@ -64,81 +64,146 @@ ]]></code> <p>Usage:</p> <code type="none"><![CDATA[ - dialyzer [--help] [--version] [--shell] [--quiet] [--verbose] - [-pa dir]* [--plt plt] [-Ddefine]* [-I include_dir]* - [--output_plt file] [-Wwarn]* [--src] - [-c applications] [-r applications] [-o outfile] + dialyzer [--help] [--version] [--shell] [--quiet] [--verbose] + [-pa dir]* [--plt plt] [--plts plt*] [-Ddefine]* + [-I include_dir]* [--output_plt file] [-Wwarn]* + [--src] [--gui | --wx] [files_or_dirs] [-r dirs] + [--apps applications] [-o outfile] [--build_plt] [--add_to_plt] [--remove_from_plt] [--check_plt] [--no_check_plt] [--plt_info] [--get_warnings] + [--no_native] [--fullpath] ]]></code> <p>Options:</p> <taglist> - <tag><c><![CDATA[-c applications]]></c>(or <c><![CDATA[--command-line applications]]></c>)</tag> - <item>use Dialyzer from the command line (no GUI) to detect defects in the - specified applications (directories or <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> files)</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[-r applications]]></c></tag> - <item>same as <c><![CDATA[-c]]></c> only that directories are searched recursively for - subdirectories containing <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> files (depending on the - type of analysis)</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[-o outfile]]></c>(or <c><![CDATA[--output outfile]]></c>)</tag> - <item>when using Dialyzer from the command line, send the analysis - results in the specified <c><![CDATA[outfile]]></c> rather than in stdout</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--src]]></c></tag> - <item>override the default, which is to analyze debug compiled BEAM - bytecode, and analyze starting from Erlang source code instead</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[files_or_dirs]]></c> (for backwards compatibility also + as: <c><![CDATA[-c files_or_dirs]]></c></tag> + <item>Use Dialyzer from the command line to detect defects in the + specified files or directories containing <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> or + <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> files, depending on the type of the + analysis.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-r dirs]]></c></tag> + <item>Same as the previous but the specified directories are searched + recursively for subdirectories containing <c><![CDATA[.erl]]></c> or + <c><![CDATA[.beam]]></c> files in them, depending on the type of + analysis.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--apps applications]]></c></tag> + <item>Option typically used when building or modifying a plt as in: + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ + dialyzer --build_plt --apps erts kernel stdlib mnesia ... + ]]></code> + to conveniently refer to library applications corresponding to the + Erlang/OTP installation. However, the option is general and can also + be used during analysis in order to refer to Erlang/OTP applications. + In addition, file or directory names can also be included, as in: + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ + dialyzer --apps inets ssl ./ebin ../other_lib/ebin/my_module.beam + ]]></code></item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-o outfile]]></c> (or + <c><![CDATA[--output outfile]]></c>)</tag> + <item>When using Dialyzer from the command line, send the analysis + results to the specified outfile rather than to stdout.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--raw]]></c></tag> <item>When using Dialyzer from the command line, output the raw analysis - results (Erlang terms) instead of the formatted result. - The raw format is easier to post-process (for instance, to filter - warnings or to output HTML pages).</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[-Dname]]></c>(or <c><![CDATA[-Dname=value]]></c>)</tag> - <item>when analyzing from source, pass the define to Dialyzer (**)</item> + results (Erlang terms) instead of the formatted result. The raw format + is easier to post-process (for instance, to filter warnings or to + output HTML pages).</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--src]]></c></tag> + <item>Override the default, which is to analyze BEAM files, and + analyze starting from Erlang source code instead.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Dname]]></c> (or <c><![CDATA[-Dname=value]]></c>)</tag> + <item>When analyzing from source, pass the define to Dialyzer. (**)</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-I include_dir]]></c></tag> - <item>when analyzing from source, pass the <c><![CDATA[include_dir]]></c> to Dialyzer (**)</item> + <item>When analyzing from source, pass the <c><![CDATA[include_dir]]></c> + to Dialyzer. (**)</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-pa dir]]></c></tag> - <item>Include <c><![CDATA[dir]]></c> in the path for Erlang. Useful when analyzing files - that have <c><![CDATA[-include_lib()]]></c> directives.</item> + <item>Include <c><![CDATA[dir]]></c> in the path for Erlang (useful when + analyzing files that have <c><![CDATA['-include_lib()']]></c> + directives).</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--output_plt file]]></c></tag> - <item>Store the PLT at the specified location after building it.</item> + <item>Store the plt at the specified file after building it.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--plt plt]]></c></tag> - <item>Use the specified plt as the initial persistent lookup table.</item> + <item>Use the specified plt as the initial plt (if the plt was built + during setup the files will be checked for consistency).</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--plts plt*]]></c></tag> + <item>Merge the specified plts to create the initial plt -- requires + that the plts are disjoint (i.e., do not have any module + appearing in more than one plt). + The plts are created in the usual way: + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ + dialyzer --build_plt --output_plt plt_1 files_to_include + ... + dialyzer --build_plt --output_plt plt_n files_to_include + ]]></code> + and then can be used in either of the following ways: + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ + dialyzer files_to_analyze --plts plt_1 ... plt_n + ]]></code> + or: + <code type="none"><![CDATA[ + dialyzer --plts plt_1 ... plt_n -- files_to_analyze + ]]></code> + (Note the -- delimiter in the second case)</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wwarn]]></c></tag> - <item>a family of option which selectively turn on/off warnings. - (for help on the names of warnings use <c><![CDATA[dialyzer -Whelp]]></c>)</item> + <item>A family of options which selectively turn on/off warnings + (for help on the names of warnings use + <c><![CDATA[dialyzer -Whelp]]></c>).</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--shell]]></c></tag> - <item>do not disable the Erlang shell while running the GUI</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--version (or -v)]]></c></tag> - <item>prints the Dialyzer version and some more information and exits</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--help (or -h)]]></c></tag> - <item>prints this message and exits</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--quiet (or -q)]]></c></tag> - <item>makes Dialyzer a bit more quiet</item> + <item>Do not disable the Erlang shell while running the GUI.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--version]]></c> (or <c><![CDATA[-v]]></c>)</tag> + <item>Print the Dialyzer version and some more information and + exit.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--help]]></c> (or <c><![CDATA[-h]]></c>)</tag> + <item>Print this message and exit.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--quiet]]></c> (or <c><![CDATA[-q]]></c>)</tag> + <item>Make Dialyzer a bit more quiet.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--verbose]]></c></tag> - <item>makes Dialyzer a bit more verbose</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--check_plt]]></c></tag> - <item>Only checks if the initial PLT is up to date and rebuilds it if this is not the case</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--no_check_plt (or -n)]]></c></tag> - <item>Skip the PLT integrity check when running Dialyzer. - Useful when working with installed PLTs that never change.</item> + <item>Make Dialyzer a bit more verbose.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--build_plt]]></c></tag> - <item>The analysis starts from an empty PLT and creates a new one from - the files specified with -c and -r. Only works for beam files. - Use --plt or --output_plt to override the default PLT location.</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[--add_to_plt]]></c></tag> - <item> The PLT is extended to also include the files specified with - -c and -r. Use --plt to specify which PLT to start from, and --output_plt - to specify where to put the PLT. Note that the analysis might include - files from the PLT if they depend on the new files. - This option only works with beam files.</item> + <item>The analysis starts from an empty plt and creates a new one from + the files specified with <c><![CDATA[-c]]></c> and + <c><![CDATA[-r]]></c>. Only works for beam files. Use + <c><![CDATA[--plt]]></c> or <c><![CDATA[--output_plt]]></c> to + override the default plt location.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--add_to_plt]]></c></tag> + <item>The plt is extended to also include the files specified with + <c><![CDATA[-c]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[-r]]></c>. Use + <c><![CDATA[--plt]]></c> to specify which plt to start from, + and <c><![CDATA[--output_plt]]></c> to specify where to put the plt. + Note that the analysis might include files from the plt if they depend + on the new files. This option only works with beam files.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--remove_from_plt]]></c></tag> - <item>The information from the files specified with -c and -r is removed - from the PLT. Note that this may cause a re-analysis of the remaining - dependent files.</item> + <item>The information from the files specified with + <c><![CDATA[-c]]></c> and <c><![CDATA[-r]]></c> is removed + from the plt. Note that this may cause a re-analysis of the remaining + dependent files.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--check_plt]]></c></tag> + <item>Check the plt for consistency and rebuild it if it is not + up-to-date.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--no_check_plt]]></c></tag> + <item>Skip the plt check when running Dialyzer. Useful when working with + installed plts that never change.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--plt_info]]></c></tag> + <item>Make Dialyzer print information about the plt and then quit. The + plt can be specified with <c><![CDATA[--plt(s)]]></c>.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[--get_warnings]]></c></tag> - <item>Makes Dialyzer emit warnings even when manipulating the PLT. Only - emits warnings for files that are actually analyzed. The default is to - not emit any warnings when manipulating the PLT. This option has no - effect when performing a normal analysis.</item> + <item>Make Dialyzer emit warnings even when manipulating the plt. + Warnings are only emitted for files that are actually analyzed.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--dump_callgraph file]]></c></tag> + <item>Dump the call graph into the specified file whose format is + determined by the file name extension. Supported extensions are: raw, + dot, and ps. If something else is used as file name extension, default + format '.raw' will be used.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--no_native]]></c> (or <c><![CDATA[-nn]]></c>)</tag> + <item>Bypass the native code compilation of some key files that Dialyzer + heuristically performs when dialyzing many files; this avoids the + compilation time but it may result in (much) longer analysis + time.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--fullpath]]></c></tag> + <item>Display the full path names of files for which warnings are emitted.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--gui]]></c></tag> + <item>Use the gs-based GUI.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[--wx]]></c></tag> + <item>Use the wx-based GUI.</item> </taglist> <note> <p>* denotes that multiple occurrences of these options are possible.</p> @@ -148,33 +213,49 @@ <p>Warning options:</p> <taglist> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_return]]></c></tag> - <item>Suppress warnings for functions of no return.</item> + <item>Suppress warnings for functions that will never return a + value.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_unused]]></c></tag> <item>Suppress warnings for unused functions.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_improper_lists]]></c></tag> <item>Suppress warnings for construction of improper lists.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_tuple_as_fun]]></c></tag> + <item>Suppress warnings for using tuples instead of funs.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_fun_app]]></c></tag> <item>Suppress warnings for fun applications that will fail.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_match]]></c></tag> <item>Suppress warnings for patterns that are unused or cannot match.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wno_opaque]]></c></tag> + <item>Suppress warnings for violations of opaqueness of data types.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wunmatched_returns]]></c>***</tag> + <item>Include warnings for function calls which ignore a structured return + value or do not match against one of many possible return + value(s).</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Werror_handling]]></c>***</tag> <item>Include warnings for functions that only return by means of an exception.</item> - <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wunmatched_returns]]></c>***</tag> - <item>Include warnings for function calls which ignore a structured return - value or do not match against one of many possible return value(s).</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wrace_conditions]]></c>***</tag> + <item>Include warnings for possible race conditions.</item> + <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wbehaviours]]></c>***</tag> + <item>Include warnings about behaviour callbacks which drift from the + published recommended interfaces.</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wunderspecs]]></c>***</tag> - <item>Warn about underspecified functions - (the -spec is strictly more allowing than the success typing)</item> + <item>Warn about underspecified functions + (the -spec is strictly more allowing than the success typing).</item> + </taglist> + <p>The following options are also available but their use is not + recommended: (they are mostly for Dialyzer developers and internal + debugging)</p> + <taglist> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Woverspecs]]></c>***</tag> - <item>Warn about overspecified functions - (the -spec is strictly less allowing than the success typing)</item> + <item>Warn about overspecified functions + (the -spec is strictly less allowing than the success typing).</item> <tag><c><![CDATA[-Wspecdiffs]]></c>***</tag> - <item>Warn when the -spec is different than the success typing</item> + <item>Warn when the -spec is different than the success typing.</item> </taglist> <note> - <p>*** These are options that turn on warnings rather than + <p>*** Identifies options that turn on warnings rather than turning them off.</p> </note> </section> @@ -197,30 +278,34 @@ <desc> <p>Dialyzer GUI version.</p> <code type="none"><![CDATA[ -OptList : [Option] -Option : {files, [Filename : string()]} - | {files_rec, [DirName : string()]} - | {defines, [{Macro: atom(), Value : term()}]} - | {from, src_code | byte_code} %% Defaults to byte_code - | {init_plt, FileName : string()} %% If changed from default - | {include_dirs, [DirName : string()]} - | {output_file, FileName : string()} - | {output_plt, FileName :: string()} - | {analysis_type, 'success_typings' | 'plt_add' | 'plt_build' | 'plt_check' | 'plt_remove'} - | {warnings, [WarnOpts]} - | {get_warnings, bool()} +OptList :: [Option] +Option :: {files, [Filename :: string()]} + | {files_rec, [DirName :: string()]} + | {defines, [{Macro: atom(), Value : term()}]} + | {from, src_code | byte_code} %% Defaults to byte_code + | {init_plt, FileName :: string()} %% If changed from default + | {plts, [FileName :: string()]} %% If changed from default + | {include_dirs, [DirName :: string()]} + | {output_file, FileName :: string()} + | {output_plt, FileName :: string()} + | {analysis_type, 'succ_typings' | 'plt_add' | 'plt_build' | 'plt_check' | 'plt_remove'} + | {warnings, [WarnOpts]} + | {get_warnings, bool()} -WarnOpts : no_return - | no_unused - | no_improper_lists - | no_fun_app - | no_match - | no_fail_call - | error_handling - | unmatched_returns - | overspecs - | underspecs - | specdiffs +WarnOpts :: no_return + | no_unused + | no_improper_lists + | no_fun_app + | no_match + | no_opaque + | no_fail_call + | error_handling + | race_conditions + | behaviours + | unmatched_returns + | overspecs + | underspecs + | specdiffs ]]></code> </desc> </func> @@ -235,12 +320,12 @@ WarnOpts : no_return <p>Dialyzer command line version.</p> <code type="none"><![CDATA[ Warnings :: [{Tag, Id, Msg}] -Tag : 'warn_return_no_exit' | 'warn_return_only_exit' - | 'warn_not_called' | 'warn_non_proper_list' - | 'warn_fun_app' | 'warn_matching' - | 'warn_failing_call' | 'warn_contract_types' - | 'warn_contract_syntax' | 'warn_contract_not_equal' - | 'warn_contract_subtype' | 'warn_contract_supertype' +Tag :: 'warn_return_no_exit' | 'warn_return_only_exit' + | 'warn_not_called' | 'warn_non_proper_list' + | 'warn_fun_app' | 'warn_matching' + | 'warn_failing_call' | 'warn_contract_types' + | 'warn_contract_syntax' | 'warn_contract_not_equal' + | 'warn_contract_subtype' | 'warn_contract_supertype' Id = {File :: string(), Line :: integer()} Msg = msg() -- Undefined ]]></code> |