path: root/lisp/sun-fns.el

;;; sun-fns.el --- subroutines of Mouse handling for Sun windows

;; Copyright (C) 1987 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

;; Author: Jeff Peck <peck@sun.com>
;; Keywords: hardware

;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.

;; GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
;; any later version.

;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;; GNU General Public License for more details.

;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;; along with GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
;; the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

;;; Commentary:

;;; Submitted Mar. 1987, Jeff Peck
;;;		 	 Sun Microsystems Inc. <peck@sun.com>
;;; Conceived Nov. 1986, Stan Jefferson,
;;;                      Computer Science Lab, SRI International.
;;; GoodIdeas Feb. 1987, Steve Greenbaum
;;; & UpClicks           Reasoning Systems, Inc.
;;;
;;;
;;; Functions for manipulating via the mouse and mouse-map definitions
;;; for accessing them.  Also definitions of mouse menus.
;;; This file you should freely modify to reflect you personal tastes.
;;;
;;; First half of file defines functions to implement mouse commands,
;;; Don't delete any of those, just add what ever else you need.
;;; Second half of file defines mouse bindings, do whatever you want there.

;;;
;;;         Mouse Functions.
;;;
;;; These functions follow the sun-mouse-handler convention of being called
;;; with three arguments: (window x-pos y-pos)
;;; This makes it easy for a mouse executed command to know where the mouse is.
;;; Use the macro "eval-in-window" to execute a function 
;;; in a temporarily selected window.
;;;
;;; If you have a function that must be called with other arguments
;;; bind the mouse button to an s-exp that contains the necessary parameters.
;;; See "minibuffer" bindings for examples.
;;;

;;; Code:

(require 'sun-mouse)

(defconst cursor-pause-milliseconds 300
  "*Number of milliseconds to display alternate cursor (usually the mark)")

(defun indicate-region (&optional pause)
  "Bounce cursor to mark for cursor-pause-milliseconds and back again"
  (or pause (setq pause cursor-pause-milliseconds))
  (let ((point (point)))
    (goto-char (mark))
    (sit-for-millisecs pause)
    ;(update-display)
    ;(sleep-for-millisecs pause)
    (goto-char point)))


;;;
;;; Text buffer operations
;;;
(defun mouse-move-point (window x y)
  "Move point to mouse cursor."
  (select-window window)
  (move-to-loc x y)
  (if (memq last-command	; support the mouse-copy/delete/yank
	    '(mouse-copy mouse-delete mouse-yank-move))
      (setq this-command 'mouse-yank-move))
  )

(defun mouse-set-mark (window x y)
  "Set mark at mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window	;; use this to get the unwind protect
    (let ((point (point)))
      (move-to-loc x y)
      (set-mark (point))
      (goto-char point)
      (indicate-region)))
  )

(defun mouse-set-mark-and-select (window x y)
  "Set mark at mouse cursor, and select that window."
  (select-window window)
  (mouse-set-mark window x y)
  )

(defun mouse-set-mark-and-stuff (w x y)
  "Set mark at mouse cursor, and put region in stuff buffer."
  (mouse-set-mark-and-select w x y)
  (sun-select-region (region-beginning) (region-end)))

;;;
;;; Simple mouse dragging stuff: marking with button up
;;;

(defvar *mouse-drag-window* nil)
(defvar *mouse-drag-x* -1)
(defvar *mouse-drag-y* -1)

(defun mouse-drag-move-point (window x y)
  "Move point to mouse cursor, and allow dragging."
  (mouse-move-point window x y)
  (setq *mouse-drag-window* window
	*mouse-drag-x* x
	*mouse-drag-y* y))

(defun mouse-drag-set-mark-stuff (window x y)
  "The up click handler that goes with mouse-drag-move-point.
If mouse is in same WINDOW but at different X or Y than when
mouse-drag-move-point was last executed, set the mark at mouse
and put the region in the stuff buffer."
  (if (and (eq *mouse-drag-window* window)
	   (not (and (equal *mouse-drag-x* x)
		     (equal *mouse-drag-y* y))))
      (mouse-set-mark-and-stuff window x y)
    (setq this-command last-command))	; this was just an upclick no-op.
  )

(defun mouse-select-or-drag-move-point (window x y)
  "Select window if not selected, otherwise do mouse-drag-move-point."
  (if (eq (selected-window) window)
      (mouse-drag-move-point window x y)
    (mouse-select-window window x y)))

;;;
;;; esoterica:
;;;
(defun mouse-exch-pt-and-mark (window x y)
  "Exchange point and mark."
  (select-window window)
  (exchange-point-and-mark)
  )

(defun mouse-call-kbd-macro (window x y)
  "Invokes last keyboard macro at mouse cursor."
  (mouse-move-point window x y)
  (call-last-kbd-macro)
  )

(defun mouse-mark-thing (window x y)
  "Set point and mark to text object using syntax table.
The resulting region is put in the sun-window stuff buffer.
Left or right Paren syntax marks an s-expression.  
Clicking at the end of a line marks the line including a trailing newline.  
If it doesn't recognize one of these it marks the character at point."
  (mouse-move-point window x y)
  (if (eobp) (open-line 1))
  (let* ((char (char-after (point)))
         (syntax (char-syntax char)))
    (cond
     ((eq syntax ?w)			; word.
      (forward-word 1)
      (set-mark (point))
      (forward-word -1))
     ;; try to include a single following whitespace (is this a good idea?)
     ;; No, not a good idea since inconsistent.
     ;;(if (eq (char-syntax (char-after (mark))) ?\ )
     ;;    (set-mark (1+ (mark))))
     ((eq syntax ?\( )			; open paren.
      (mark-sexp 1))
     ((eq syntax ?\) )			; close paren.
      (forward-char 1)
      (mark-sexp -1)
      (exchange-point-and-mark))
     ((eolp)				; mark line if at end.
      (set-mark (1+ (point)))
      (beginning-of-line 1))
     (t					; mark character
      (set-mark (1+ (point)))))
    (indicate-region))			; display region boundary.
  (sun-select-region (region-beginning) (region-end))
  )

(defun mouse-kill-thing (window x y)
  "Kill thing at mouse, and put point there."
  (mouse-mark-thing window x y)
  (kill-region-and-unmark (region-beginning) (region-end))
  )

(defun mouse-kill-thing-there (window x y)
  "Kill thing at mouse, leave point where it was.
See mouse-mark-thing for a description of the objects recognized."
  (eval-in-window window 
    (save-excursion
      (mouse-mark-thing window x y)
      (kill-region (region-beginning) (region-end))))
  )

(defun mouse-save-thing (window x y &optional quiet)
  "Put thing at mouse in kill ring.
See mouse-mark-thing for a description of the objects recognized."
  (mouse-mark-thing window x y)
  (copy-region-as-kill (region-beginning) (region-end))
  (if (not quiet) (message "Thing saved"))
  )

(defun mouse-save-thing-there (window x y &optional quiet)
  "Put thing at mouse in kill ring, leave point as is.
See mouse-mark-thing for a description of the objects recognized."
  (eval-in-window window
    (save-excursion
      (mouse-save-thing window x y quiet))))

;;;
;;; Mouse yanking...
;;;
(defun mouse-copy-thing (window x y)
  "Put thing at mouse in kill ring, yank to point.
See mouse-mark-thing for a description of the objects recognized."
  (setq last-command 'not-kill)	 ;Avoids appending to previous kills.
  (mouse-save-thing-there window x y t)
  (yank)
  (setq this-command 'yank))

(defun mouse-move-thing (window x y)
  "Kill thing at mouse, yank it to point.
See mouse-mark-thing for a description of the objects recognized."
  (setq last-command 'not-kill)	 ;Avoids appending to previous kills.
  (mouse-kill-thing-there window x y)
  (yank)
  (setq this-command 'yank))

(defun mouse-yank-at-point (&optional window x y)
  "Yank from kill-ring at point; then cycle thru kill ring."
  (if (eq last-command 'yank)
      (let ((before (< (point) (mark))))
	(delete-region (point) (mark))
	(insert (current-kill 1))
	(if before (exchange-point-and-mark)))
    (yank))
  (setq this-command 'yank))

(defun mouse-yank-at-mouse (window x y)
  "Yank from kill-ring at mouse; then cycle thru kill ring."
  (mouse-move-point window x y)
  (mouse-yank-at-point window x y))

(defun mouse-save/delete/yank (&optional window x y)
  "Context sensitive save/delete/yank.
Consecutive clicks perform as follows:
    * first click saves region to kill ring,
    * second click kills region,
    * third click yanks from kill ring,
    * subsequent clicks cycle thru kill ring.
If mouse-move-point is performed after the first or second click,
the next click will do a yank, etc.  Except for a possible mouse-move-point,
this command is insensitive to mouse location."
  (cond
   ((memq last-command '(mouse-delete yank mouse-yank-move))	; third+ click
    (mouse-yank-at-point))
   ((eq last-command 'mouse-copy)	; second click
    (kill-region (region-beginning) (region-end))
    (setq this-command 'mouse-delete))
   (t					; first click
    (copy-region-as-kill (region-beginning) (region-end))
    (message "Region saved")
    (setq this-command 'mouse-copy))
   ))


(defun mouse-split-horizontally (window x y)
  "Splits the window horizontally at mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window (split-window-horizontally (1+ x))))

(defun mouse-split-vertically (window x y)
  "Split the window vertically at the mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window (split-window-vertically (1+ y))))

(defun mouse-select-window (window x y)
  "Selects the window, restoring point."
  (select-window window))

(defun mouse-delete-other-windows (window x y)
  "Deletes all windows except the one mouse is in."
  (delete-other-windows window))

(defun mouse-delete-window (window x y)
  "Deletes the window mouse is in."
  (delete-window window))

(defun mouse-undo (window x y)
  "Invokes undo in the window mouse is in."
  (eval-in-window window (undo)))

;;;
;;; Scroll operations
;;;

;;; The move-to-window-line is used below because otherwise
;;; scrolling a non-selected process window with the mouse, after
;;; the process has written text past the bottom of the window,
;;; gives an "End of buffer" error, and then scrolls.  The
;;; move-to-window-line seems to force recomputing where things are.
(defun mouse-scroll-up (window x y)
  "Scrolls the window upward."
  (eval-in-window window (move-to-window-line 1) (scroll-up nil)))

(defun mouse-scroll-down (window x y)
  "Scrolls the window downward."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-down nil)))

(defun mouse-scroll-proportional (window x y)
  "Scrolls the window proportionally corresponding to window
relative X divided by window width."
  (eval-in-window window 
    (if (>= x (1- (window-width)))
	;; When x is maximun (equal to or 1 less than window width),
	;; goto end of buffer.  We check for this special case
	;; because the calculated goto-char often goes short of the
	;; end due to roundoff error, and we often really want to go
	;; to the end.
	(goto-char (point-max))
      (progn
	(goto-char (+ (point-min)	; For narrowed regions.
		      (* x (/ (- (point-max) (point-min))
			      (1- (window-width))))))
	(beginning-of-line))
      )
    (what-cursor-position)		; Report position.
    ))

(defun mouse-line-to-top (window x y)
  "Scrolls the line at the mouse cursor up to the top."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-up y)))

(defun mouse-top-to-line (window x y)
  "Scrolls the top line down to the mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-down y)))

(defun mouse-line-to-bottom (window x y)
  "Scrolls the line at the mouse cursor to the bottom."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-up (+ y (- 2 (window-height))))))

(defun mouse-bottom-to-line (window x y)
  "Scrolls the bottom line up to the mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-down (+ y (- 2 (window-height))))))

(defun mouse-line-to-middle (window x y)
  "Scrolls the line at the mouse cursor to the middle."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-up (- y -1 (/ (window-height) 2)))))

(defun mouse-middle-to-line (window x y)
  "Scrolls the line at the middle to the mouse cursor."
  (eval-in-window window (scroll-up (- (/ (window-height) 2) y 1))))


;;;
;;; main emacs menu.
;;;
(defmenu expand-menu
  ("Vertically" mouse-expand-vertically *menu-window*)
  ("Horizontally" mouse-expand-horizontally *menu-window*))

(defmenu delete-window-menu
  ("This One" delete-window *menu-window*)
  ("All Others" delete-other-windows *menu-window*))

(defmenu mouse-help-menu
  ("Text Region"
   mouse-help-region *menu-window* *menu-x* *menu-y* 'text)
  ("Scrollbar"
   mouse-help-region *menu-window* *menu-x* *menu-y* 'scrollbar)
  ("Modeline"
   mouse-help-region *menu-window* *menu-x* *menu-y* 'modeline)
  ("Minibuffer"
   mouse-help-region *menu-window* *menu-x* *menu-y* 'minibuffer)
  )
  
(defmenu emacs-quit-menu
  ("Suspend" suspend-emacstool)
  ("Quit" save-buffers-kill-emacs))

(defmenu emacs-menu
  ("Emacs Menu")
  ("Stuff Selection" sun-yank-selection)
  ("Expand" . expand-menu)
  ("Delete Window" . delete-window-menu)
  ("Previous Buffer" mouse-select-previous-buffer *menu-window*)
  ("Save Buffers" save-some-buffers)
  ("List Directory" list-directory nil)
  ("Dired" dired nil)
  ("Mouse Help" . mouse-help-menu)
  ("Quit" . emacs-quit-menu))

(defun emacs-menu-eval (window x y)
  "Pop-up menu of editor commands."
  (sun-menu-evaluate window (1+ x) (1- y) 'emacs-menu))

(defun mouse-expand-horizontally (window)
  (eval-in-window window
    (enlarge-window 4 t)
    (update-display)		; Try to redisplay, since can get confused.
    ))

(defun mouse-expand-vertically (window)
  (eval-in-window window (enlarge-window 4)))

(defun mouse-select-previous-buffer (window)
  "Switch buffer in mouse window to most recently selected buffer."
  (eval-in-window window (switch-to-buffer (other-buffer))))

;;;
;;; minibuffer menu
;;;
(defmenu minibuffer-menu 
  ("Minibuffer" message "Just some miscellaneous minibuffer commands")
  ("Stuff" sun-yank-selection)
  ("Do-It" exit-minibuffer)
  ("Abort" abort-recursive-edit)
  ("Suspend" suspend-emacs))

(defun minibuffer-menu-eval (window x y)
  "Pop-up menu of commands."
  (sun-menu-evaluate window x (1- y) 'minibuffer-menu))

(defun mini-move-point (window x y)
  ;; -6 is good for most common cases
  (mouse-move-point window (- x 6) 0))

(defun mini-set-mark-and-stuff (window x y)
  ;; -6 is good for most common cases
  (mouse-set-mark-and-stuff window (- x 6) 0))


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 
;;; Buffer-mode Mouse commands
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; 

(defun Buffer-at-mouse (w x y)
  "Calls Buffer-menu-buffer from mouse click."
  (save-window-excursion 
    (mouse-move-point w x y)
    (beginning-of-line)
    (Buffer-menu-buffer t)))

(defun mouse-buffer-bury (w x y)
  "Bury the indicated buffer."
  (bury-buffer (Buffer-at-mouse w x y))
  )

(defun mouse-buffer-select (w x y)
  "Put the indicated buffer in selected window."
  (switch-to-buffer (Buffer-at-mouse w x y))
  (list-buffers)
  )

(defun mouse-buffer-delete (w x y)
  "mark indicated buffer for delete"
  (save-window-excursion
    (mouse-move-point w x y)
    (Buffer-menu-delete)
    ))

(defun mouse-buffer-execute (w x y)
  "execute buffer-menu selections"
  (save-window-excursion
    (mouse-move-point w x y)
    (Buffer-menu-execute)
    ))
  
(defun enable-mouse-in-buffer-list ()
  "Call this to enable mouse selections in *Buffer List*
    LEFT puts the indicated buffer in the selected window.
    MIDDLE buries the indicated buffer.
    RIGHT marks the indicated buffer for deletion.
    MIDDLE-RIGHT deletes the marked buffers.
To unmark a buffer marked for deletion, select it with LEFT."
  (save-window-excursion
    (list-buffers)			; Initialize *Buffer List*
    (set-buffer "*Buffer List*")
    (local-set-mouse '(text middle) 'mouse-buffer-bury)
    (local-set-mouse '(text left) 'mouse-buffer-select)	    
    (local-set-mouse '(text right) 'mouse-buffer-delete)
    (local-set-mouse '(text middle right) 'mouse-buffer-execute)
    )
  )


;;;*******************************************************************
;;;
;;;           Global Mouse Bindings.
;;;
;;; There is some sense to this mouse binding madness:
;;; LEFT and RIGHT scrolls are inverses.
;;; SHIFT makes an opposite meaning in the scroll bar.
;;; SHIFT is an alternative to DOUBLE (but double chords do not exist).
;;; META makes the scrollbar functions work in the text region.
;;; MIDDLE operates the mark
;;; LEFT operates at point

;;; META commands are generally non-destructive,
;;; SHIFT is a little more dangerous.
;;; CONTROL is for the really complicated ones.

;;; CONTROL-META-SHIFT-RIGHT gives help on that region.

;;;
;;; Text Region mousemap
;;;
;; The basics: Point, Mark, Menu, Sun-Select:
(global-set-mouse '(text        left)	'mouse-drag-move-point)
(global-set-mouse '(text     up left)	'mouse-drag-set-mark-stuff)
(global-set-mouse '(text shift  left)	'mouse-exch-pt-and-mark)
(global-set-mouse '(text double left)	'mouse-exch-pt-and-mark)

(global-set-mouse '(text	middle)	'mouse-set-mark-and-stuff)

(global-set-mouse '(text	right)	'emacs-menu-eval)
(global-set-mouse '(text shift	right)	'(sun-yank-selection))
(global-set-mouse '(text double	right)	'(sun-yank-selection))

;; The Slymoblics multi-command for Save, Kill, Copy, Move:
(global-set-mouse '(text shift	middle)	'mouse-save/delete/yank)
(global-set-mouse '(text double	middle)	'mouse-save/delete/yank)

;; Save, Kill, Copy, Move Things:
;; control-left composes with control middle/right to produce copy/move
(global-set-mouse '(text control middle	    )	'mouse-save-thing-there)
(global-set-mouse '(text control right      )	'mouse-kill-thing-there)
(global-set-mouse '(text control 	left)	'mouse-yank-at-point)
(global-set-mouse '(text control middle	left)	'mouse-copy-thing)
(global-set-mouse '(text control right	left)	'mouse-move-thing)
(global-set-mouse '(text control right middle)	'mouse-mark-thing)

;; The Universal mouse help command (press all buttons):
(global-set-mouse '(text shift  control meta right)	'mouse-help-region)
(global-set-mouse '(text double control meta right)	'mouse-help-region)

;;; Meta in Text Region is like meta version in scrollbar:
(global-set-mouse '(text meta        left)	'mouse-line-to-top)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta shift  left)	'mouse-line-to-bottom)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta double left)	'mouse-line-to-bottom)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta         middle)	'mouse-line-to-middle)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta shift   middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta double  middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta control middle)	'mouse-split-vertically)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta        right)	'mouse-top-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta shift  right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta double right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)

;; Miscellaneous:
(global-set-mouse '(text meta control left)	'mouse-call-kbd-macro)
(global-set-mouse '(text meta control right)	'mouse-undo)

;;;
;;; Scrollbar mousemap.
;;; Are available in the Scrollbar Region, or with Meta Text (or Meta Scrollbar)
;;;
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar        left)	'mouse-line-to-top)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar shift  left)	'mouse-line-to-bottom)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar double left)	'mouse-line-to-bottom)

(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar         middle)	'mouse-line-to-middle)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar shift   middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar double  middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar control middle)	'mouse-split-vertically)

(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar        right)	'mouse-top-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar shift  right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar double right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)

(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta        left)		'mouse-line-to-top)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta shift  left)		'mouse-line-to-bottom)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta double left)		'mouse-line-to-bottom)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta         middle)	'mouse-line-to-middle)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta shift   middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta double  middle)	'mouse-middle-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta control middle)	'mouse-split-vertically)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta        right)	'mouse-top-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta shift  right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar meta double right)	'mouse-bottom-to-line)

;; And the help menu:
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar shift  control meta right) 'mouse-help-region)
(global-set-mouse '(scrollbar double control meta right) 'mouse-help-region)

;;;
;;; Modeline mousemap.
;;;
;;; Note: meta of any single button selects window.

(global-set-mouse '(modeline      left)	'mouse-scroll-up)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline meta left)	'mouse-select-window)

(global-set-mouse '(modeline         middle)	'mouse-scroll-proportional)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline meta    middle)	'mouse-select-window)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline control middle)	'mouse-split-horizontally)

(global-set-mouse '(modeline      right)	'mouse-scroll-down)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline meta right)	'mouse-select-window)

;;; control-left selects this window, control-right deletes it.
(global-set-mouse '(modeline control left)	'mouse-delete-other-windows)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline control right)	'mouse-delete-window)

;; in case of confusion, just select it:
(global-set-mouse '(modeline control left right)'mouse-select-window)

;; even without confusion (and without the keyboard) select it:
(global-set-mouse '(modeline left right)	'mouse-select-window)

;; And the help menu:
(global-set-mouse '(modeline shift  control meta right)	'mouse-help-region)
(global-set-mouse '(modeline double control meta right)	'mouse-help-region)

;;;
;;; Minibuffer Mousemap
;;; Demonstrating some variety:
;;;
(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer left)		'mini-move-point)

(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer         middle)	'mini-set-mark-and-stuff)

(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer shift   middle) '(select-previous-complex-command))
(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer double  middle) '(select-previous-complex-command))
(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer control middle) '(next-complex-command 1))
(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer meta    middle) '(previous-complex-command 1))

(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer right)	'minibuffer-menu-eval)

(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer shift  control meta right)  'mouse-help-region)
(global-set-mouse '(minibuffer double control meta right)  'mouse-help-region)

(provide 'sun-fns)

;;; sun-fns.el ends here