Fix a malloc race condition involving strsignal.

A signal can arrive in the middle of a malloc, and Emacs's signal
handler can invoke strsignal, which can invoke malloc, which is
not portable.  This race condition bug makes Emacs hang on GNU/Linux.
Fix it by altering the signal handler so that it does not invoke
strsignal.
* emacs.c (shut_down_emacs): Use safe_strsignal, not strsignal.
* process.c (status_message): Use const pointer, in case strsignal
is #defined to safe_strsignal.
* sysdep.c (sys_siglist, init_signals): Always define and
initialize a substitute sys_siglist if the system does not define
one, even if HAVE_STRSIGNAL.
(safe_strsignal): Rename from strsignal.  Always define,
using sys_siglist.  Return a const pointer.
* syssignal.h (safe_strsignal): New decl.
(strsignal) [!HAVE_STRSIGNAL]: Define in terms of safe_strsignal.

5 files changed, 36 insertions, 20 deletions

diff --git a/src/ChangeLog b/src/ChangeLog
index 7061038fdec..3a94af80c30 100644
--- a/src/ChangeLog
+++ b/src/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,22 @@
+2012-10-01  Paul Eggert  <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+	Fix a malloc race condition involving strsignal.
+	A signal can arrive in the middle of a malloc, and Emacs's signal
+	handler can invoke strsignal, which can invoke malloc, which is
+	not portable.  This race condition bug makes Emacs hang on GNU/Linux.
+	Fix it by altering the signal handler so that it does not invoke
+	strsignal.
+	* emacs.c (shut_down_emacs): Use safe_strsignal, not strsignal.
+	* process.c (status_message): Use const pointer, in case strsignal
+	is #defined to safe_strsignal.
+	* sysdep.c (sys_siglist, init_signals): Always define and
+	initialize a substitute sys_siglist if the system does not define
+	one, even if HAVE_STRSIGNAL.
+	(safe_strsignal): Rename from strsignal.  Always define,
+	using sys_siglist.  Return a const pointer.
+	* syssignal.h (safe_strsignal): New decl.
+	(strsignal) [!HAVE_STRSIGNAL]: Define in terms of safe_strsignal.
+
 2012-10-01  Eli Zaretskii  <eliz@gnu.org>
 
 	* w32proc.c (timer_loop): Fix code that waits for timer
diff --git a/src/emacs.c b/src/emacs.c
index a603a56b792..bc54f56b98a 100644
--- a/src/emacs.c
+++ b/src/emacs.c
@@ -1886,7 +1886,7 @@ shut_down_emacs (int sig, Lisp_Object stuff)
 	    static char const format[] = "Fatal error %d: ";
 	    char buf[sizeof format - 2 + INT_STRLEN_BOUND (int)];
 	    int buflen = sprintf (buf, format, sig);
-	    char const *sig_desc = strsignal (sig);
+	    char const *sig_desc = safe_strsignal (sig);
 	    ignore_value (write (STDERR_FILENO, buf, buflen));
 	    ignore_value (write (STDERR_FILENO, sig_desc, strlen (sig_desc)));
 	  }
diff --git a/src/process.c b/src/process.c
index dfc89809fa5..92bea0d3a27 100644
--- a/src/process.c
+++ b/src/process.c
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ status_message (struct Lisp_Process *p)
 
   if (EQ (symbol, Qsignal) || EQ (symbol, Qstop))
     {
-      char *signame;
+      char const *signame;
       synchronize_system_messages_locale ();
       signame = strsignal (code);
       if (signame == 0)
diff --git a/src/sysdep.c b/src/sysdep.c
index a825145c6dd..74617fcaf0f 100644
--- a/src/sysdep.c
+++ b/src/sysdep.c
@@ -1543,12 +1543,10 @@ deliver_thread_signal (int sig, signal_handler_t handler)
   errno = old_errno;
 }
 
-#if !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
-static char *my_sys_siglist[NSIG];
-# ifdef sys_siglist
-#  undef sys_siglist
-# endif
+#if !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
+# undef sys_siglist
 # define sys_siglist my_sys_siglist
+static char const *sys_siglist[NSIG];
 #endif
 
 /* Handle bus errors, invalid instruction, etc.  */
@@ -1611,7 +1609,7 @@ init_signals (bool dumping)
   main_thread = pthread_self ();
 #endif
 
-#if !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
+#if !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST
   if (! initialized)
     {
       sys_siglist[SIGABRT] = "Aborted";
@@ -1759,7 +1757,7 @@ init_signals (bool dumping)
       sys_siglist[SIGXFSZ] = "File size limit exceeded";
 # endif
     }
-#endif /* !defined HAVE_STRSIGNAL && !defined HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST */
+#endif /* !HAVE_DECL_SYS_SIGLIST */
 
   /* Don't alter signal handlers if dumping.  On some machines,
      changing signal handlers sets static data that would make signals
@@ -2280,21 +2278,20 @@ set_file_times (int fd, const char *filename,
   return fdutimens (fd, filename, timespec);
 }
 
-#ifndef HAVE_STRSIGNAL
-char *
-strsignal (int code)
+/* Like strsignal, except async-signal-safe, and this function typically
+   returns a string in the C locale rather than the current locale.  */
+char const *
+safe_strsignal (int code)
 {
-  char *signame = 0;
+  char const *signame = 0;
 
   if (0 <= code && code < NSIG)
-    {
-      /* Cast to suppress warning if the table has const char *.  */
-      signame = (char *) sys_siglist[code];
-    }
+    signame = sys_siglist[code];
+  if (! signame)
+    signame = "Unknown signal";
 
   return signame;
 }
-#endif /* HAVE_STRSIGNAL */
 
 #ifndef DOS_NT
 /* For make-serial-process  */
diff --git a/src/syssignal.h b/src/syssignal.h
index ece2515dec9..66538aad100 100644
--- a/src/syssignal.h
+++ b/src/syssignal.h
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ extern sigset_t empty_mask;
 typedef void (*signal_handler_t) (int);
 
 extern void emacs_sigaction_init (struct sigaction *, signal_handler_t);
+char const *safe_strsignal (int);
 
 #if NSIG < NSIG_MINIMUM
 # undef NSIG
@@ -70,8 +71,7 @@ extern void emacs_sigaction_init (struct sigaction *, signal_handler_t);
 #endif /* ! defined (SIGCLD) */
 
 #ifndef HAVE_STRSIGNAL
-/* strsignal is in sysdep.c */
-char *strsignal (int);
+# define strsignal(sig) safe_strsignal (sig)
 #endif
 
 void deliver_process_signal (int, signal_handler_t);